qawşalırğa
/qawʃalɯrʁa/
1. fall, perish, be killed — Used mainly of people dying in battle or war, as in uruşda qawşalırğa. one source
- uruşda qawşalırğa — to fall in battle
- köb jaş uruşda qawşaldı — many young men fell in the war
- jawla qawşaldıla — the enemies perished
2. be smashed, be routed, be broken up, fall into decline
- qawşalğan otryad — a routed detachment
- jawnu askeri qawşaldı — the enemy army was routed
- eski üy qawşalıb baradı — the old house is falling into ruin
- qawşalğan asker — a routed army
Conjugation
Common forms
- qawşaladıhe is falling
- qawşaldıhe fell
- qawşalğandıhe has fallen
- qawşalırhe will fall
- qawşallıqdıhe is going to fall
- qawşala edihe was falling
- qawşalsaif he falls
- qawşal!fall!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqawşalamaI am falling | senqawşalasayou are falling | olqawşaladıhe is falling | bizqawşalabızwe are falling | sizqawşalasızyou all are falling | alaqawşaladılathey are falling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqawşalmaymaI am not falling | senqawşalmaysayou are not falling | olqawşalmaydıhe is not falling | bizqawşalmaybızwe are not falling | sizqawşalmaysızyou all are not falling | alaqawşalmaydılathey are not falling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqawşalamamı? qawşalamıma?am I falling? | senqawşalamısa?are you falling? | olqawşalamıdı?is he falling? | bizqawşalabızmı? qawşalamıbız?are we falling? | sizqawşalamısız?are you all falling? | alaqawşalamıdıla?are they falling? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqawşalmaymamı? qawşalmaymıma?aren't I falling? | senqawşalmaymısa?aren't you falling? | olqawşalmaymıdı?isn't he falling? | bizqawşalmaybızmı? qawşalmaymıbız?aren't we falling? | sizqawşalmaymısız?aren't you all falling? | alaqawşalmaymıdıla?aren't they falling? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqawşalıwçanmaI usually fall | senqawşalıwçansayou usually fall | olqawşalıwçandıhe usually falls | bizqawşalıwçanbızwe usually fall | sizqawşalıwçansızyou all usually fall | alaqawşalıwçandılathey usually fall |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqawşalmawçanmaI usually don't fall | senqawşalmawçansayou usually don't fall | olqawşalmawçandıhe usually doesn't fall | bizqawşalmawçanbızwe usually don't fall | sizqawşalmawçansızyou all usually don't fall | alaqawşalmawçandılathey usually don't fall |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqawşalıwçanmamı? qawşalıwçanmıma?do I usually fall? | senqawşalıwçanmısa?do you usually fall? | olqawşalıwçanmıdı?does he usually fall? | bizqawşalıwçanbızmı? qawşalıwçanmıbız?do we usually fall? | sizqawşalıwçanmısız?do you all usually fall? | alaqawşalıwçanmıdıla?do they usually fall? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqawşalmawçanmamı? qawşalmawçanmıma?do I usually not fall? | senqawşalmawçanmısa?do you usually not fall? | olqawşalmawçanmıdı?does he usually not fall? | bizqawşalmawçanbızmı? qawşalmawçanmıbız?do we usually not fall? | sizqawşalmawçanmısız?do you all usually not fall? | alaqawşalmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not fall? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqawşalıbdıhe has fallen and remains so | alaqawşalıbdılathey have fallen and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqawşalıbmıdı?has he fallen? | alaqawşalıbmıdıla?have they fallen? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqawşalıb turamaI keep falling | senqawşalıb turasayou keep falling | olqawşalıb turadıhe keeps falling | bizqawşalıb turabızwe keep falling | sizqawşalıb turasızyou all keep falling | alaqawşalıb turadılathey keep falling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqawşalıb turmaymaI don't keep falling | senqawşalıb turmaysayou don't keep falling | olqawşalıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep falling | bizqawşalıb turmaybızwe don't keep falling | sizqawşalıb turmaysızyou all don't keep falling | alaqawşalıb turmaydılathey don't keep falling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqawşalıb turamamı? qawşalıb turamıma?do I keep falling? | senqawşalıb turamısa?do you keep falling? | olqawşalıb turamıdı?does he keep falling? | bizqawşalıb turabızmı? qawşalıb turamıbız?do we keep falling? | sizqawşalıb turamısız?do you all keep falling? | alaqawşalıb turamıdıla?do they keep falling? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqawşalıb turmaymamı? qawşalıb turmaymıma?don't I keep falling? | senqawşalıb turmaymısa?don't you keep falling? | olqawşalıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep falling? | bizqawşalıb turmaybızmı? qawşalıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep falling? | sizqawşalıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep falling? | alaqawşalıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep falling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqawşala turamaI am in the middle of falling | senqawşala turasayou are in the middle of falling | olqawşala turadıhe is in the middle of falling | bizqawşala turabızwe are in the middle of falling | sizqawşala turasızyou all are in the middle of falling | alaqawşala turadılathey are in the middle of falling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqawşala turmaymaI am not in the middle of falling | senqawşala turmaysayou are not in the middle of falling | olqawşala turmaydıhe is not in the middle of falling | bizqawşala turmaybızwe are not in the middle of falling | sizqawşala turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of falling | alaqawşala turmaydılathey are not in the middle of falling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqawşala turamamı? qawşala turamıma?am I in the middle of falling? | senqawşala turamısa?are you in the middle of falling? | olqawşala turamıdı?is he in the middle of falling? | bizqawşala turabızmı? qawşala turamıbız?are we in the middle of falling? | sizqawşala turamısız?are you all in the middle of falling? | alaqawşala turamıdıla?are they in the middle of falling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqawşala turmaymamı? qawşala turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of falling? | senqawşala turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of falling? | olqawşala turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of falling? | bizqawşala turmaybızmı? qawşala turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of falling? | sizqawşala turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of falling? | alaqawşala turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of falling? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqawşaldımI fell | senqawşaldıŋyou fell | olqawşaldıhe fell | bizqawşaldıqwe fell | sizqawşaldığızyou all fell | alaqawşaldılathey fell |
| Simple past (definite) | menqawşalmadımI didn't fall | senqawşalmadıŋyou didn't fall | olqawşalmadıhe didn't fall | bizqawşalmadıqwe didn't fall | sizqawşalmadığızyou all didn't fall | alaqawşalmadılathey didn't fall |
| Simple past (definite) | menqawşaldımmı?did I fall? | senqawşaldıŋmı?did you fall? | olqawşaldımı?did he fall? | bizqawşaldıqmı?did we fall? | sizqawşaldığızmı?did you all fall? | alaqawşaldılamı?did they fall? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqawşalmadımmı?didn't I fall? | senqawşalmadıŋmı?didn't you fall? | olqawşalmadımı?didn't he fall? | bizqawşalmadıqmı?didn't we fall? | sizqawşalmadığızmı?didn't you all fall? | alaqawşalmadılamı?didn't they fall? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqawşalğanmaI have fallen | senqawşalğansayou have fallen | olqawşalğandıhe has fallen | bizqawşalğanbızwe have fallen | sizqawşalğansızyou all have fallen | alaqawşalğandılathey have fallen |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqawşalmağanmaI haven't fallen | senqawşalmağansayou haven't fallen | olqawşalmağandıhe hasn't fallen | bizqawşalmağanbızwe haven't fallen | sizqawşalmağansızyou all haven't fallen | alaqawşalmağandılathey haven't fallen |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqawşalğanmamı? qawşalğanmıma?have I fallen? | senqawşalğanmısa?have you fallen? | olqawşalğanmıdı?has he fallen? | bizqawşalğanbızmı? qawşalğanmıbız?have we fallen? | sizqawşalğanmısız?have you all fallen? | alaqawşalğanmıdıla?have they fallen? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqawşalmağanmamı? qawşalmağanmıma?haven't I fallen? | senqawşalmağanmısa?haven't you fallen? | olqawşalmağanmıdı?hasn't he fallen? | bizqawşalmağanbızmı? qawşalmağanmıbız?haven't we fallen? | sizqawşalmağanmısız?haven't you all fallen? | alaqawşalmağanmıdıla?haven't they fallen? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqawşalıb turdumI kept falling | senqawşalıb turduŋyou kept falling | olqawşalıb turduhe kept falling | bizqawşalıb turduqwe kept falling | sizqawşalıb turduğuzyou all kept falling | alaqawşalıb turdulathey kept falling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqawşalıb turmadımI didn't keep falling | senqawşalıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep falling | olqawşalıb turmadıhe didn't keep falling | bizqawşalıb turmadıqwe didn't keep falling | sizqawşalıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep falling | alaqawşalıb turmadılathey didn't keep falling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqawşalırmaI will fall | senqawşalırsayou will fall | olqawşalırhe will fall | bizqawşalırbızwe will fall | sizqawşalırsızyou all will fall | alaqawşalırlathey will fall |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqawşalmazmaI won't fall | senqawşalmazsayou won't fall | olqawşalmazhe won't fall | bizqawşalmazbızwe won't fall | sizqawşalmazsızyou all won't fall | alaqawşalmazlathey won't fall |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqawşalırmamı? qawşalırmıma?will I fall? | senqawşalırmısa?will you fall? | olqawşalırmı?will he fall? | bizqawşalırbızmı? qawşalırmıbız?will we fall? | sizqawşalırmısız?will you all fall? | alaqawşalırlamı? qawşalırmıla?will they fall? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqawşalmazmamı? qawşalmazmıma?won't I fall? | senqawşalmazmısa?won't you fall? | olqawşalmazmı?won't he fall? | bizqawşalmazbızmı? qawşalmazmıbız?won't we fall? | sizqawşalmazmısız?won't you all fall? | alaqawşalmazlamı? qawşalmazmıla?won't they fall? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqawşallıqmaI am going to fall | senqawşallıqsayou are going to fall | olqawşallıqdıhe is going to fall | bizqawşallıqbızwe are going to fall | sizqawşallıqsızyou all are going to fall | alaqawşallıqdılathey are going to fall |
| Definite future (future II) | menqawşallıq tülmeI am not going to fall | senqawşallıq tülseyou are not going to fall | olqawşallıq tüldühe is not going to fall | bizqawşallıq tülbüzwe are not going to fall | sizqawşallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to fall | alaqawşallıq tüldülethey are not going to fall |
| Definite future (future II) | menqawşallıqmamı? qawşallıqmıma?am I going to fall? | senqawşallıqmısa?are you going to fall? | olqawşallıqmıdı?is he going to fall? | bizqawşallıqbızmı? qawşallıqmıbız?are we going to fall? | sizqawşallıqmısız?are you all going to fall? | alaqawşallıqmıdıla?are they going to fall? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqawşallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to fall? | senqawşallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to fall? | olqawşallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to fall? | bizqawşallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to fall? | sizqawşallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to fall? | alaqawşallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to fall? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqawşalğan edimqawşalğanemI had fallen | senqawşalğan ediŋqawşalğaneŋyou had fallen | olqawşalğan ediqawşalğanedhe had fallen | bizqawşalğan edikqawşalğanekwe had fallen | sizqawşalğan edigizqawşalğanegizyou all had fallen | alaqawşalğan edileqawşalğanellethey had fallen |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqawşalmağan edimqawşalmağanemI hadn't fallen | senqawşalmağan ediŋqawşalmağaneŋyou hadn't fallen | olqawşalmağan ediqawşalmağanedhe hadn't fallen | bizqawşalmağan edikqawşalmağanekwe hadn't fallen | sizqawşalmağan edigizqawşalmağanegizyou all hadn't fallen | alaqawşalmağan edileqawşalmağanellethey hadn't fallen |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqawşala edimqawşalaemI was falling | senqawşala ediŋqawşalaeŋyou were falling | olqawşala ediqawşalaedhe was falling | bizqawşala edikqawşalaekwe were falling | sizqawşala edigizqawşalaegizyou all were falling | alaqawşala edileqawşalaellethey were falling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqawşalmay edimqawşalmayemI wasn't falling | senqawşalmay ediŋqawşalmayeŋyou weren't falling | olqawşalmay ediqawşalmayedhe wasn't falling | bizqawşalmay edikqawşalmayekwe weren't falling | sizqawşalmay edigizqawşalmayegizyou all weren't falling | alaqawşalmay edileqawşalmayellethey weren't falling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menqawşalıwçan edimqawşalıwçanemI used to fall | senqawşalıwçan ediŋqawşalıwçaneŋyou used to fall | olqawşalıwçan ediqawşalıwçanedhe used to fall | bizqawşalıwçan edikqawşalıwçanekwe used to fall | sizqawşalıwçan edigizqawşalıwçanegizyou all used to fall | alaqawşalıwçan edileqawşalıwçanellethey used to fall |
| Habitual past (used to) | menqawşalmawçan edimqawşalmawçanemI didn't use to fall | senqawşalmawçan ediŋqawşalmawçaneŋyou didn't use to fall | olqawşalmawçan ediqawşalmawçanedhe didn't use to fall | bizqawşalmawçan edikqawşalmawçanekwe didn't use to fall | sizqawşalmawçan edigizqawşalmawçanegizyou all didn't use to fall | alaqawşalmawçan edileqawşalmawçanellethey didn't use to fall |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqawşalıb edihe had fallen and remained so | alaqawşalıb edilethey had fallen and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqawşalıb tül edihe hadn't fallen | alaqawşalıb tül edilethey hadn't fallen | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqawşalıb tura edimqawşalıb turaemI had kept falling | senqawşalıb tura ediŋqawşalıb turaeŋyou had kept falling | olqawşalıb tura ediqawşalıb turaedhe had kept falling | bizqawşalıb tura edikqawşalıb turaekwe had kept falling | sizqawşalıb tura edigizqawşalıb turaegizyou all had kept falling | alaqawşalıb tura edileqawşalıb turaellethey had kept falling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqawşalıb turmay edimqawşalıb turmayemI hadn't kept falling | senqawşalıb turmay ediŋqawşalıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept falling | olqawşalıb turmay ediqawşalıb turmayedhe hadn't kept falling | bizqawşalıb turmay edikqawşalıb turmayekwe hadn't kept falling | sizqawşalıb turmay edigizqawşalıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept falling | alaqawşalıb turmay edileqawşalıb turmayellethey hadn't kept falling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqawşala tura edimqawşala turaemI was in the middle of falling | senqawşala tura ediŋqawşala turaeŋyou were in the middle of falling | olqawşala tura ediqawşala turaedhe was in the middle of falling | bizqawşala tura edikqawşala turaekwe were in the middle of falling | sizqawşala tura edigizqawşala turaegizyou all were in the middle of falling | alaqawşala tura edileqawşala turaellethey were in the middle of falling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqawşala turmay edimqawşala turmayemI wasn't in the middle of falling | senqawşala turmay ediŋqawşala turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of falling | olqawşala turmay ediqawşala turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of falling | bizqawşala turmay edikqawşala turmayekwe weren't in the middle of falling | sizqawşala turmay edigizqawşala turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of falling | alaqawşala turmay edileqawşala turmayellethey weren't in the middle of falling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menqawşalır edimqawşalır emI would fall | senqawşalır ediŋqawşalır eŋyou would fall | olqawşalır ediqawşalır edhe would fall | bizqawşalır edikqawşalır ekwe would fall | sizqawşalır edigizqawşalır egizyou all would fall | alaqawşalır edileqawşalır ellethey would fall |
| Conditional result (would) | menqawşalmaz edimqawşalmaz emI wouldn't fall | senqawşalmaz ediŋqawşalmaz eŋyou wouldn't fall | olqawşalmaz ediqawşalmaz edhe wouldn't fall | bizqawşalmaz edikqawşalmaz ekwe wouldn't fall | sizqawşalmaz edigizqawşalmaz egizyou all wouldn't fall | alaqawşalmaz edileqawşalmaz ellethey wouldn't fall |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqawşallıq edimqawşallıq emI would have fallen | senqawşallıq ediŋqawşallıq eŋyou would have fallen | olqawşallıq ediqawşallıq edhe would have fallen | bizqawşallıq edikqawşallıq ekwe would have fallen | sizqawşallıq edigizqawşallıq egizyou all would have fallen | alaqawşallıq edileqawşallıq ellethey would have fallen |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqawşallıq tül edimqawşallıq tül emI wouldn't have fallen | senqawşallıq tül ediŋqawşallıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have fallen | olqawşallıq tül ediqawşallıq tül edhe wouldn't have fallen | bizqawşallıq tül edikqawşallıq tül ekwe wouldn't have fallen | sizqawşallıq tül edigizqawşallıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have fallen | alaqawşallıq tül edileqawşallıq tül ellethey wouldn't have fallen |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menqawşalsamif I fall | senqawşalsaŋif you fall | olqawşalsaif he falls | bizqawşalsaqif we fall | sizqawşalsağızif you all fall | alaqawşalsalaif they fall |
| Conditional | menqawşalmasamif I don't fall | senqawşalmasaŋif you don't fall | olqawşalmasaif he doesn't fall | bizqawşalmasaqif we don't fall | sizqawşalmasağızif you all don't fall | alaqawşalmasalaif they don't fall |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menqawşala esemif I am falling | senqawşala eseŋif you are falling | olqawşala eseif he is falling | bizqawşala esekif we are falling | sizqawşala esegizif you all are falling | alaqawşala eseleif they are falling |
| Conditional, present real | menqawşalmay esemif I am not falling | senqawşalmay eseŋif you are not falling | olqawşalmay eseif he is not falling | bizqawşalmay esekif we are not falling | sizqawşalmay esegizif you all are not falling | alaqawşalmay eseleif they are not falling |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqawşalsam ediqawşalsam edif only I fell | senqawşalsaŋ ediqawşalsaŋ edif only you fell | olqawşalsa ediqawşalsaedif only he fell | bizqawşalsaq ediqawşalsaq edif only we fell | sizqawşalsağız ediqawşalsağız edif only you all fell | alaqawşalsala ediqawşalsalaedif only they fell |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqawşalmasam ediqawşalmasam edif only I didn't fall | senqawşalmasaŋ ediqawşalmasaŋ edif only you didn't fall | olqawşalmasa ediqawşalmasaedif only he didn't fall | bizqawşalmasaq ediqawşalmasaq edif only we didn't fall | sizqawşalmasağız ediqawşalmasağız edif only you all didn't fall | alaqawşalmasala ediqawşalmasalaedif only they didn't fall |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menqawşalıb tursamif I carry on falling | senqawşalıb tursaŋif you carry on falling | olqawşalıb tursaif he carries on falling | bizqawşalıb tursaqif we carry on falling | sizqawşalıb tursağızif you all carry on falling | alaqawşalıb tursalaif they carry on falling |
| Durative conditional | menqawşalıb turmasamif I don't carry on falling | senqawşalıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on falling | olqawşalıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on falling | bizqawşalıb turmasaqif we don't carry on falling | sizqawşalıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on falling | alaqawşalıb turmasalaif they don't carry on falling |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menqawşalıb tura esemif I have kept falling | senqawşalıb tura eseŋif you have kept falling | olqawşalıb tura eseif he has kept falling | bizqawşalıb tura esekif we have kept falling | sizqawşalıb tura esegizif you all have kept falling | alaqawşalıb tura eseleif they have kept falling |
| Durative conditional, present real | menqawşalıb turmay esemif I haven't kept falling | senqawşalıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept falling | olqawşalıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept falling | bizqawşalıb turmay esekif we haven't kept falling | sizqawşalıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept falling | alaqawşalıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept falling |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menqawşala tursamif I keep falling | senqawşala tursaŋif you keep falling | olqawşala tursaif he keeps falling | bizqawşala tursaqif we keep falling | sizqawşala tursağızif you all keep falling | alaqawşala tursalaif they keep falling |
| Progressive conditional | menqawşalmay tursamif I keep on not falling | senqawşalmay tursaŋif you keep on not falling | olqawşalmay tursaif he keeps on not falling | bizqawşalmay tursaqif we keep on not falling | sizqawşalmay tursağızif you all keep on not falling | alaqawşalmay tursalaif they keep on not falling |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqawşala tura esemif I am in the middle of falling | senqawşala tura eseŋif you are in the middle of falling | olqawşala tura eseif he is in the middle of falling | bizqawşala tura esekif we are in the middle of falling | sizqawşala tura esegizif you all are in the middle of falling | alaqawşala tura eseleif they are in the middle of falling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqawşalmay tura esemif I keep on not falling | senqawşalmay tura eseŋif you keep on not falling | olqawşalmay tura eseif he keeps on not falling | bizqawşalmay tura esekif we keep on not falling | sizqawşalmay tura esegizif you all keep on not falling | alaqawşalmay tura eseleif they keep on not falling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqawşaldım esemif I fell | senqawşaldıŋ eseŋif you fell | olqawşaldı eseif he fell | bizqawşaldıq esekif we fell | sizqawşaldığız esegizif you all fell | alaqawşaldıla eseleif they fell |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqawşalmadım esemif I didn't fall | senqawşalmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't fall | olqawşalmadı eseif he didn't fall | bizqawşalmadıq esekif we didn't fall | sizqawşalmadığız esegizif you all didn't fall | alaqawşalmadıla eseleif they didn't fall |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menqawşalğan esemif I did fall (indeed) | senqawşalğan eseŋif you did fall (indeed) | olqawşalğan eseif he did fall (indeed) | bizqawşalğan esekif we did fall (indeed) | sizqawşalğan esegizif you all did fall (indeed) | alaqawşalğan eseleif they did fall (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menqawşalmağan esemif I didn't fall (indeed) | senqawşalmağan eseŋif you didn't fall (indeed) | olqawşalmağan eseif he didn't fall (indeed) | bizqawşalmağan esekif we didn't fall (indeed) | sizqawşalmağan esegizif you all didn't fall (indeed) | alaqawşalmağan eseleif they didn't fall (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqawşalğan bolsamif I had fallen | senqawşalğan bolsaŋif you had fallen | olqawşalğan bolsaif he had fallen | bizqawşalğan bolsaqif we had fallen | sizqawşalğan bolsağızif you all had fallen | alaqawşalğan bolsalaif they had fallen |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqawşalmağan bolsamif I hadn't fallen | senqawşalmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't fallen | olqawşalmağan bolsaif he hadn't fallen | bizqawşalmağan bolsaqif we hadn't fallen | sizqawşalmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't fallen | alaqawşalmağan bolsalaif they hadn't fallen |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqawşalğan bolsam ediqawşalğan bolsam edif only I had fallen | senqawşalğan bolsaŋ ediqawşalğan bolsaŋ edif only you had fallen | olqawşalğan bolsa ediqawşalğan bolsaedif only he had fallen | bizqawşalğan bolsaq ediqawşalğan bolsaq edif only we had fallen | sizqawşalğan bolsağız ediqawşalğan bolsağız edif only you all had fallen | alaqawşalğan bolsala ediqawşalğan bolsalaedif only they had fallen |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqawşalmağan bolsam ediqawşalmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't fallen | senqawşalmağan bolsaŋ ediqawşalmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't fallen | olqawşalmağan bolsa ediqawşalmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't fallen | bizqawşalmağan bolsaq ediqawşalmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't fallen | sizqawşalmağan bolsağız ediqawşalmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't fallen | alaqawşalmağan bolsala ediqawşalmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't fallen |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menqawşalır esemif I will fall | senqawşalır eseŋif you will fall | olqawşalır eseif he will fall | bizqawşalır esekif we will fall | sizqawşalır esegizif you all will fall | alaqawşalır eseleif they will fall |
| Conditional, aorist | menqawşalmaz esemif I won't fall | senqawşalmaz eseŋif you won't fall | olqawşalmaz eseif he won't fall | bizqawşalmaz esekif we won't fall | sizqawşalmaz esegizif you all won't fall | alaqawşalmaz eseleif they won't fall |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menqawşallıq esemif I am going to fall | senqawşallıq eseŋif you are going to fall | olqawşallıq eseif he is going to fall | bizqawşallıq esekif we are going to fall | sizqawşallıq esegizif you all are going to fall | alaqawşallıq eseleif they are going to fall |
| Conditional, future | menqawşallıq tül esemif I am not going to fall | senqawşallıq tül eseŋif you are not going to fall | olqawşallıq tül eseif he is not going to fall | bizqawşallıq tül esekif we are not going to fall | sizqawşallıq tül esegizif you all are not going to fall | alaqawşallıq tül eseleif they are not going to fall |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqawşallıq bolsamif I were going to fall | senqawşallıq bolsaŋif you were going to fall | olqawşallıq bolsaif he were going to fall | bizqawşallıq bolsaqif we were going to fall | sizqawşallıq bolsağızif you all were going to fall | alaqawşallıq bolsalaif they were going to fall |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqawşalmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to fall | senqawşalmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to fall | olqawşalmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to fall | bizqawşalmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to fall | sizqawşalmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to fall | alaqawşalmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to fall |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso qawşaldıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqawşala bolurmaI must be falling | senqawşala bolursayou must be falling | olqawşala bolurhe must be falling | bizqawşala bolurbuzwe must be falling | sizqawşala bolursuzyou all must be falling | alaqawşala bolurlathey must be falling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqawşalmay bolurmaI must not be falling | senqawşalmay bolursayou must not be falling | olqawşalmay bolurhe must not be falling | bizqawşalmay bolurbuzwe must not be falling | sizqawşalmay bolursuzyou all must not be falling | alaqawşalmay bolurlathey must not be falling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqawşala tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of falling | senqawşala tura bolursayou must be in the middle of falling | olqawşala tura bolurhe must be in the middle of falling | bizqawşala tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of falling | sizqawşala tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of falling | alaqawşala tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of falling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqawşalmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not falling | senqawşalmay tura bolursayou must keep on not falling | olqawşalmay tura bolurhe must keep on not falling | bizqawşalmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not falling | sizqawşalmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not falling | alaqawşalmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not falling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menqawşalğan bolurmaI must have fallen | senqawşalğan bolursayou must have fallen | olqawşalğan bolurhe must have fallen | bizqawşalğan bolurbuzwe must have fallen | sizqawşalğan bolursuzyou all must have fallen | alaqawşalğan bolurlathey must have fallen |
| Inference (must have) | menqawşalmağan bolurmaI must not have fallen | senqawşalmağan bolursayou must not have fallen | olqawşalmağan bolurhe must not have fallen | bizqawşalmağan bolurbuzwe must not have fallen | sizqawşalmağan bolursuzyou all must not have fallen | alaqawşalmağan bolurlathey must not have fallen |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqawşallıq bolurmaI must be going to fall | senqawşallıq bolursayou must be going to fall | olqawşallıq bolurhe must be going to fall | bizqawşallıq bolurbuzwe must be going to fall | sizqawşallıq bolursuzyou all must be going to fall | alaqawşallıq bolurlathey must be going to fall |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqawşalmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to fall | senqawşalmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to fall | olqawşalmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to fall | bizqawşalmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to fall | sizqawşalmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to fall | alaqawşalmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to fall |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menqawşalayımlet me fall | senqawşal!fall! | olqawşalsınlet him fall | bizqawşalayıqlet's fall | sizqawşalığız!fall, you all! | alaqawşalsınlalet them fall |
| Commands & suggestions | menqawşalmayımlet me not fall | senqawşalma!don't fall! | olqawşalmasınlet him not fall | bizqawşalmayıqlet's not fall | sizqawşalmağız!don't fall, you all! | alaqawşalmasınlalet them not fall |
| Commands & suggestions | menqawşalayımmı?shall I fall? | olqawşalsınmı?should he fall? | bizqawşalayıqmı?shall we fall? | alaqawşalsınlamı?should they fall? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menqawşalmayımmı?shall I not fall? | olqawşalmasınmı?should he not fall? | bizqawşalmayıqmı?shall we not fall? | alaqawşalmasınlamı?should they not fall? | ||
| Requests | senqawşalçı2qawşalçınplease fall | olqawşalsınçıdo let him fall | sizqawşalçığızplease fall (plural/polite) | alaqawşalsınlaçıdo let them fall | ||
| Requests | senqawşalmaçı2qawşalmaçınplease don't fall | olqawşalmasınçıdo let him not fall | sizqawşalmaçığızplease don't fall (plural/polite) | alaqawşalmasınlaçıdo let them not fall | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqawşalğınqawşalğımay you fall | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqawşalmağınqawşalmağımay you not fall | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqawşalğay edim qawşalğa edimwould that I fell | senqawşalğay ediŋ qawşalğa ediŋwould that you fell | olqawşalğay edi qawşalğa ediwould that he fell | bizqawşalğay edik qawşalğa edikwould that we fell | sizqawşalğay edigiz qawşalğa edigizwould that you all fell | alaqawşalğay edile qawşalğa edilewould that they fell |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqawşalmağay edim qawşalmağa edimwould that I did not fall | senqawşalmağay ediŋ qawşalmağa ediŋwould that you did not fall | olqawşalmağay edi qawşalmağa ediwould that he did not fall | bizqawşalmağay edik qawşalmağa edikwould that we did not fall | sizqawşalmağay edigiz qawşalmağa edigizwould that you all did not fall | alaqawşalmağay edile qawşalmağa edilewould that they did not fall |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqawşalmağa qoyayımqawşalma qoyayımlet me allow someone to fall | senqawşalmağa qoy!qawşalma qoy!let someone fall! | olqawşalmağa qoysunqawşalma qoysunlet him allow someone to fall | bizqawşalmağa qoyayıqqawşalma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to fall | sizqawşalmağa qoyuğuz!qawşalma qoyuğuz!let someone fall, you all! | alaqawşalmağa qoysunlaqawşalma qoysunlalet them allow someone to fall |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqawşalmağa qoymayımqawşalma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to fall | senqawşalmağa qoyma!qawşalma qoyma!don't let someone fall! | olqawşalmağa qoymasınqawşalma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to fall | bizqawşalmağa qoymayıqqawşalma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to fall | sizqawşalmağa qoymağız!qawşalma qoymağız!don't let someone fall, you all! | alaqawşalmağa qoymasınlaqawşalma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to fall |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqawşalmağa qoyayımmı?qawşalma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to fall? | olqawşalmağa qoysunmu?qawşalma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to fall? | bizqawşalmağa qoyayıqmı?qawşalma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to fall? | alaqawşalmağa qoysunlamı?qawşalma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to fall? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqawşalmağa qoymayımmı?qawşalma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to fall? | olqawşalmağa qoymasınmı?qawşalma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to fall? | bizqawşalmağa qoymayıqmı?qawşalma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to fall? | alaqawşalmağa qoymasınlamı?qawşalma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to fall? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menqawşalmağa qoyamaqawşalma qoyamaI allow someone to fall | senqawşalmağa qoyasaqawşalma qoyasayou allow someone to fall | olqawşalmağa qoyadıqawşalma qoyadıhe allows someone to fall | bizqawşalmağa qoyabızqawşalma qoyabızwe allow someone to fall | sizqawşalmağa qoyasızqawşalma qoyasızyou all allow someone to fall | alaqawşalmağa qoyadılaqawşalma qoyadılathey allow someone to fall |
| Let someone… (present) | menqawşalmağa qoymaymaqawşalma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to fall | senqawşalmağa qoymaysaqawşalma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to fall | olqawşalmağa qoymaydıqawşalma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to fall | bizqawşalmağa qoymaybızqawşalma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to fall | sizqawşalmağa qoymaysızqawşalma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to fall | alaqawşalmağa qoymaydılaqawşalma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to fall |
| Let someone… (present) | menqawşalmağa qoyamamı?qawşalma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to fall? | senqawşalmağa qoyamısa?qawşalma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to fall? | olqawşalmağa qoyamıdı?qawşalma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to fall? | bizqawşalmağa qoyabızmı?qawşalma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to fall? | sizqawşalmağa qoyamısız?qawşalma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to fall? | alaqawşalmağa qoyamıdıla?qawşalma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to fall? |
| Let someone… (present) | menqawşalmağa qoymaymamı?qawşalma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to fall? | senqawşalmağa qoymaymısa?qawşalma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to fall? | olqawşalmağa qoymaymıdı?qawşalma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to fall? | bizqawşalmağa qoymaybızmı?qawşalma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to fall? | sizqawşalmağa qoymaymısız?qawşalma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to fall? | alaqawşalmağa qoymaymıdıla?qawşalma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to fall? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqawşalmağa qoydumqawşalma qoydumI allowed someone to fall | senqawşalmağa qoyduŋqawşalma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to fall | olqawşalmağa qoyduqawşalma qoyduhe allowed someone to fall | bizqawşalmağa qoyduqqawşalma qoyduqwe allowed someone to fall | sizqawşalmağa qoyduğuzqawşalma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to fall | alaqawşalmağa qoydulaqawşalma qoydulathey allowed someone to fall |
| Let someone… (past) | menqawşalmağa qoymadımqawşalma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to fall | senqawşalmağa qoymadıŋqawşalma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to fall | olqawşalmağa qoymadıqawşalma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to fall | bizqawşalmağa qoymadıqqawşalma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to fall | sizqawşalmağa qoymadığızqawşalma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to fall | alaqawşalmağa qoymadılaqawşalma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to fall |
| Let someone… (past) | menqawşalmağa qoydummu?qawşalma qoydummu?did I allow someone to fall? | senqawşalmağa qoyduŋmu?qawşalma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to fall? | olqawşalmağa qoydumu?qawşalma qoydumu?did he allow someone to fall? | bizqawşalmağa qoyduqmu?qawşalma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to fall? | sizqawşalmağa qoyduğuzmu?qawşalma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to fall? | alaqawşalmağa qoydulamı?qawşalma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to fall? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqawşalmağa qoymadımmı?qawşalma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to fall? | senqawşalmağa qoymadıŋmı?qawşalma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to fall? | olqawşalmağa qoymadımı?qawşalma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to fall? | bizqawşalmağa qoymadıqmı?qawşalma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to fall? | sizqawşalmağa qoymadığızmı?qawşalma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to fall? | alaqawşalmağa qoymadılamı?qawşalma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to fall? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
qawşalalırğa be able to fall · qawşalalmazğa be unable to fall
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menqawşalalamaI can fall | senqawşalalasayou can fall | olqawşalaladıhe can fall | bizqawşalalabızwe can fall | sizqawşalalasızyou all can fall | alaqawşalaladılathey can fall |
| Ability — present | menqawşalalmaymaI can't fall | senqawşalalmaysayou can't fall | olqawşalalmaydıhe can't fall | bizqawşalalmaybızwe can't fall | sizqawşalalmaysızyou all can't fall | alaqawşalalmaydılathey can't fall |
| Ability — present | menqawşalalamamı? qawşalalamıma?can I fall? | senqawşalalamısa?can you fall? | olqawşalalamıdı?can he fall? | bizqawşalalabızmı? qawşalalamıbız?can we fall? | sizqawşalalamısız?can you all fall? | alaqawşalalamıdıla?can they fall? |
| Ability — present | menqawşalalmaymamı? qawşalalmaymıma?can't I fall? | senqawşalalmaymısa?can't you fall? | olqawşalalmaymıdı?can't he fall? | bizqawşalalmaybızmı? qawşalalmaymıbız?can't we fall? | sizqawşalalmaymısız?can't you all fall? | alaqawşalalmaymıdıla?can't they fall? |
| Ability — if I can… | menqawşalalsamif I can fall | senqawşalalsaŋif you can fall | olqawşalalsaif he can fall | bizqawşalalsaqif we can fall | sizqawşalalsağızif you all can fall | alaqawşalalsalaif they can fall |
| Ability — if I can… | menqawşalalmasamif I can't fall | senqawşalalmasaŋif you can't fall | olqawşalalmasaif he can't fall | bizqawşalalmasaqif we can't fall | sizqawşalalmasağızif you all can't fall | alaqawşalalmasalaif they can't fall |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menqawşalaldımI was able to fall | senqawşalaldıŋyou were able to fall | olqawşalaldıhe was able to fall | bizqawşalaldıqwe were able to fall | sizqawşalaldığızyou all were able to fall | alaqawşalaldılathey were able to fall |
| Ability — simple past | menqawşalalmadımI could not fall | senqawşalalmadıŋyou could not fall | olqawşalalmadıhe could not fall | bizqawşalalmadıqwe could not fall | sizqawşalalmadığızyou all could not fall | alaqawşalalmadılathey could not fall |
| Ability — simple past | menqawşalaldımmı?was I able to fall? | senqawşalaldıŋmı?were you able to fall? | olqawşalaldımı?was he able to fall? | bizqawşalaldıqmı?were we able to fall? | sizqawşalaldığızmı?were you all able to fall? | alaqawşalaldılamı?were they able to fall? |
| Ability — simple past | menqawşalalmadımmı?couldn't I fall? | senqawşalalmadıŋmı?couldn't you fall? | olqawşalalmadımı?couldn't he fall? | bizqawşalalmadıqmı?couldn't we fall? | sizqawşalalmadığızmı?couldn't you all fall? | alaqawşalalmadılamı?couldn't they fall? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqawşalalğanmaI have been able to fall | senqawşalalğansayou have been able to fall | olqawşalalğandıhe has been able to fall | bizqawşalalğanbızwe have been able to fall | sizqawşalalğansızyou all have been able to fall | alaqawşalalğandılathey have been able to fall |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqawşalalmağanmaI haven't been able to fall | senqawşalalmağansayou haven't been able to fall | olqawşalalmağandıhe hasn't been able to fall | bizqawşalalmağanbızwe haven't been able to fall | sizqawşalalmağansızyou all haven't been able to fall | alaqawşalalmağandılathey haven't been able to fall |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqawşalalğanmamı? qawşalalğanmıma?have I been able to fall? | senqawşalalğanmısa?have you been able to fall? | olqawşalalğanmıdı?has he been able to fall? | bizqawşalalğanbızmı? qawşalalğanmıbız?have we been able to fall? | sizqawşalalğanmısız?have you all been able to fall? | alaqawşalalğanmıdıla?have they been able to fall? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqawşalalmağanmamı? qawşalalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to fall? | senqawşalalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to fall? | olqawşalalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to fall? | bizqawşalalmağanbızmı? qawşalalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to fall? | sizqawşalalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to fall? | alaqawşalalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to fall? |
| Ability — past perfect | menqawşalalğan edimqawşalalğanemI had been able to fall | senqawşalalğan ediŋqawşalalğaneŋyou had been able to fall | olqawşalalğan ediqawşalalğanedhe had been able to fall | bizqawşalalğan edikqawşalalğanekwe had been able to fall | sizqawşalalğan edigizqawşalalğanegizyou all had been able to fall | alaqawşalalğan edileqawşalalğanellethey had been able to fall |
| Ability — past perfect | menqawşalalmağan edimqawşalalmağanemI hadn't been able to fall | senqawşalalmağan ediŋqawşalalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to fall | olqawşalalmağan ediqawşalalmağanedhe hadn't been able to fall | bizqawşalalmağan edikqawşalalmağanekwe hadn't been able to fall | sizqawşalalmağan edigizqawşalalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to fall | alaqawşalalmağan edileqawşalalmağanellethey hadn't been able to fall |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menqawşalala edimqawşalalaemI could fall | senqawşalala ediŋqawşalalaeŋyou could fall | olqawşalala ediqawşalalaedhe could fall | bizqawşalala edikqawşalalaekwe could fall | sizqawşalala edigizqawşalalaegizyou all could fall | alaqawşalala edileqawşalalaellethey could fall |
| Ability — past background | menqawşalalmay edimqawşalalmayemI could not fall | senqawşalalmay ediŋqawşalalmayeŋyou could not fall | olqawşalalmay ediqawşalalmayedhe could not fall | bizqawşalalmay edikqawşalalmayekwe could not fall | sizqawşalalmay edigizqawşalalmayegizyou all could not fall | alaqawşalalmay edileqawşalalmayellethey could not fall |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menqawşalalırmaI will be able to fall | senqawşalalırsayou will be able to fall | olqawşalalırhe will be able to fall | bizqawşalalırbızwe will be able to fall | sizqawşalalırsızyou all will be able to fall | alaqawşalalırlathey will be able to fall |
| Ability — future I | menqawşalalmazmaI won't be able to fall | senqawşalalmazsayou won't be able to fall | olqawşalalmazhe won't be able to fall | bizqawşalalmazbızwe won't be able to fall | sizqawşalalmazsızyou all won't be able to fall | alaqawşalalmazlathey won't be able to fall |
| Ability — future I | menqawşalalırmamı? qawşalalırmıma?will I be able to fall? | senqawşalalırmısa?will you be able to fall? | olqawşalalırmı?will he be able to fall? | bizqawşalalırbızmı? qawşalalırmıbız?will we be able to fall? | sizqawşalalırmısız?will you all be able to fall? | alaqawşalalırlamı? qawşalalırmıla?will they be able to fall? |
| Ability — future I | menqawşalalmazmamı? qawşalalmazmıma?won't I be able to fall? | senqawşalalmazmısa?won't you be able to fall? | olqawşalalmazmı?won't he be able to fall? | bizqawşalalmazbızmı? qawşalalmazmıbız?won't we be able to fall? | sizqawşalalmazmısız?won't you all be able to fall? | alaqawşalalmazlamı? qawşalalmazmıla?won't they be able to fall? |
| Ability — future II | menqawşalallıqmaI am going to be able to fall | senqawşalallıqsayou are going to be able to fall | olqawşalallıqdıhe is going to be able to fall | bizqawşalallıqbızwe are going to be able to fall | sizqawşalallıqsızyou all are going to be able to fall | alaqawşalallıqdılathey are going to be able to fall |
| Ability — future II | menqawşalallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to fall | senqawşalallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to fall | olqawşalallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to fall | bizqawşalallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to fall | sizqawşalallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to fall | alaqawşalallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to fall |
| Ability — future II | menqawşalallıqmamı? qawşalallıqmıma?am I going to be able to fall? | senqawşalallıqmısa?are you going to be able to fall? | olqawşalallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to fall? | bizqawşalallıqbızmı? qawşalallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to fall? | sizqawşalallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to fall? | alaqawşalallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to fall? |
| Ability — future II | menqawşalallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to fall? | senqawşalallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to fall? | olqawşalallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to fall? | bizqawşalallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to fall? | sizqawşalallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to fall? | alaqawşalallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to fall? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqawşalalır edimqawşalalır emI would be able to fall | senqawşalalır ediŋqawşalalır eŋyou would be able to fall | olqawşalalır ediqawşalalır edhe would be able to fall | bizqawşalalır edikqawşalalır ekwe would be able to fall | sizqawşalalır edigizqawşalalır egizyou all would be able to fall | alaqawşalalır edileqawşalalır ellethey would be able to fall |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqawşalalmaz edimqawşalalmaz emI wouldn't be able to fall | senqawşalalmaz ediŋqawşalalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to fall | olqawşalalmaz ediqawşalalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to fall | bizqawşalalmaz edikqawşalalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to fall | sizqawşalalmaz edigizqawşalalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to fall | alaqawşalalmaz edileqawşalalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to fall |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqawşalalğınqawşalalğımay you be able to fall | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqawşalalmağınqawşalalmağımay you not be able to fall | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menqawşalırğa izleymeI want to fall | senqawşalırğa izleyseyou want to fall | olqawşalırğa izleydihe wants to fall | bizqawşalırğa izleybizwe want to fall | sizqawşalırğa izleysizyou all want to fall | alaqawşalırğa izleydilethey want to fall |
| want to | menqawşalırğa izlemeymeI do not want to fall | senqawşalırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to fall | olqawşalırğa izlemeydihe does not want to fall | bizqawşalırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to fall | sizqawşalırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to fall | alaqawşalırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to fall |
| would like to | menqawşalırğa süemeI would like to fall | senqawşalırğa süeseyou would like to fall | olqawşalırğa süedihe would like to fall | bizqawşalırğa süebizwe would like to fall | sizqawşalırğa süesizyou all would like to fall | alaqawşalırğa süedilethey would like to fall |
| would like to | menqawşalırğa süymeymeI would not like to fall | senqawşalırğa süymeyseyou would not like to fall | olqawşalırğa süymeydihe would not like to fall | bizqawşalırğa süymeybizwe would not like to fall | sizqawşalırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to fall | alaqawşalırğa süymeydilethey would not like to fall |
| hope to | menqawşalırğa umutlanamaI hope to fall | senqawşalırğa umutlanasayou hope to fall | olqawşalırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to fall | bizqawşalırğa umutlanabızwe hope to fall | sizqawşalırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to fall | alaqawşalırğa umutlanadılathey hope to fall |
| hope to | menqawşalırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to fall | senqawşalırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to fall | olqawşalırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to fall | bizqawşalırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to fall | sizqawşalırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to fall | alaqawşalırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to fall |
| be about to | menqawşalırğa deb turamaI am about to fall | senqawşalırğa deb turasayou are about to fall | olqawşalırğa deb turadıhe is about to fall | bizqawşalırğa deb turabızwe are about to fall | sizqawşalırğa deb turasızyou all are about to fall | alaqawşalırğa deb turadılathey are about to fall |
| be about to | menqawşalırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to fall | senqawşalırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to fall | olqawşalırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to fall | bizqawşalırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to fall | sizqawşalırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to fall | alaqawşalırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to fall |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menqawşalırğa kerekmeI need to fall | senqawşalırğa kerekseyou need to fall | olqawşalırğa kerekdihe needs to fall | bizqawşalırğa kerekbizwe need to fall | sizqawşalırğa kereksizyou all need to fall | alaqawşalırğa kerekdilethey need to fall |
| need to | menqawşalırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to fall | senqawşalırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to fall | olqawşalırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to fall | bizqawşalırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to fall | sizqawşalırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to fall | alaqawşalırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to fall |
| have to | menmenŋe qawşalırğa tüşediI have to fall | sensenŋe qawşalırğa tüşediyou have to fall | olaŋa qawşalırğa tüşedihe has to fall | bizbizge qawşalırğa tüşediwe have to fall | sizsizge qawşalırğa tüşediyou all have to fall | alaalağa qawşalırğa tüşedithey have to fall |
| have to | menmenŋe qawşalırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to fall | sensenŋe qawşalırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to fall | olaŋa qawşalırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to fall | bizbizge qawşalırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to fall | sizsizge qawşalırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to fall | alaalağa qawşalırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to fall |
| be obliged to | menqawşalırğa borçlumaI am obliged to fall | senqawşalırğa borçlusayou are obliged to fall | olqawşalırğa borçluduhe is obliged to fall | bizqawşalırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to fall | sizqawşalırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to fall | alaqawşalırğa borçludulathey are obliged to fall |
| be obliged to | menqawşalırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to fall | senqawşalırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to fall | olqawşalırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to fall | bizqawşalırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to fall | sizqawşalırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to fall | alaqawşalırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to fall |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menqawşalırğa madarım bardıI have a way to fall | senqawşalırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to fall | olqawşalırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to fall | bizqawşalırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to fall | sizqawşalırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to fall | alaqawşalırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to fall |
| have a way to | menqawşalırğa madarım joqduI have no way to fall | senqawşalırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to fall | olqawşalırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to fall | bizqawşalırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to fall | sizqawşalırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to fall | alaqawşalırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to fall |
| be free to | menqawşalırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to fall | senqawşalırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to fall | olqawşalırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to fall | bizqawşalırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to fall | sizqawşalırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to fall | alaqawşalırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to fall |
| be free to | menqawşalırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to fall | senqawşalırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to fall | olqawşalırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to fall | bizqawşalırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to fall | sizqawşalırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to fall | alaqawşalırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to fall |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qawşalırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to fall | sensenŋe qawşalırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to fall | olaŋa qawşalırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to fall | bizbizge qawşalırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to fall | sizsizge qawşalırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to fall | alaalağa qawşalırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to fall |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qawşalırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to fall | sensenŋe qawşalırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to fall | olaŋa qawşalırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to fall | bizbizge qawşalırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to fall | sizsizge qawşalırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to fall | alaalağa qawşalırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to fall |
| be ready to | menqawşalırğa hazırmaI am ready to fall | senqawşalırğa hazırsayou are ready to fall | olqawşalırğa hazırdıhe is ready to fall | bizqawşalırğa hazırbızwe are ready to fall | sizqawşalırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to fall | alaqawşalırğa hazırdılathey are ready to fall |
| be ready to | menqawşalırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to fall | senqawşalırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to fall | olqawşalırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to fall | bizqawşalırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to fall | sizqawşalırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to fall | alaqawşalırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to fall |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menqawşalırğa küreşemeI am trying to fall | senqawşalırğa küreşeseyou are trying to fall | olqawşalırğa küreşedihe is trying to fall | bizqawşalırğa küreşebizwe are trying to fall | sizqawşalırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to fall | alaqawşalırğa küreşedilethey are trying to fall |
| try to | menqawşalırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to fall | senqawşalırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to fall | olqawşalırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to fall | bizqawşalırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to fall | sizqawşalırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to fall | alaqawşalırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to fall |
| agree to | menqawşalırğa unaymaI agree to fall | senqawşalırğa unaysayou agree to fall | olqawşalırğa unaydıhe agrees to fall | bizqawşalırğa unaybızwe agree to fall | sizqawşalırğa unaysızyou all agree to fall | alaqawşalırğa unaydılathey agree to fall |
| agree to | menqawşalırğa unamaymaI refuse to fall | senqawşalırğa unamaysayou refuse to fall | olqawşalırğa unamaydıhe refuses to fall | bizqawşalırğa unamaybızwe refuse to fall | sizqawşalırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to fall | alaqawşalırğa unamaydılathey refuse to fall |
| hurry to | menqawşalırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to fall | senqawşalırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to fall | olqawşalırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to fall | bizqawşalırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to fall | sizqawşalırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to fall | alaqawşalırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to fall |
| hurry to | menqawşalırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to fall | senqawşalırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to fall | olqawşalırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to fall | bizqawşalırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to fall | sizqawşalırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to fall | alaqawşalırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to fall |
| be afraid to | menqawşalırğa qorqamaI am afraid to fall | senqawşalırğa qorqasayou are afraid to fall | olqawşalırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to fall | bizqawşalırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to fall | sizqawşalırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to fall | alaqawşalırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to fall |
| be afraid to | menqawşalırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to fall | senqawşalırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to fall | olqawşalırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to fall | bizqawşalırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to fall | sizqawşalırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to fall | alaqawşalırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to fall |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menqawşala bolmazmaI can't be falling | senqawşala bolmazsayou can't be falling | olqawşala bolmazhe can't be falling | bizqawşala bolmazbızwe can't be falling | sizqawşala bolmazsızyou all can't be falling | alaqawşala bolmazlathey can't be falling |
| Inference, present — double negation | menqawşalmay bolmazmaI must be falling (emphatic) | senqawşalmay bolmazsayou must be falling (emphatic) | olqawşalmay bolmazhe must be falling (emphatic) | bizqawşalmay bolmazbızwe must be falling (emphatic) | sizqawşalmay bolmazsızyou all must be falling (emphatic) | alaqawşalmay bolmazlathey must be falling (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menqawşala turmasamif I don't keep falling | senqawşala turmasaŋif you don't keep falling | olqawşala turmasaif he doesn't keep falling | bizqawşala turmasaqif we don't keep falling | sizqawşala turmasağızif you all don't keep falling | alaqawşala turmasalaif they don't keep falling |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menqawşala tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of falling | senqawşala tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of falling | olqawşala tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of falling | bizqawşala tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of falling | sizqawşala tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of falling | alaqawşala tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of falling |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menqawşalmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not falling (emphatic) | senqawşalmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not falling (emphatic) | olqawşalmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not falling (emphatic) | bizqawşalmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not falling (emphatic) | sizqawşalmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not falling (emphatic) | alaqawşalmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not falling (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menqawşalmay turamaI keep on not falling | senqawşalmay turasayou keep on not falling | olqawşalmay turadıhe keeps on not falling | bizqawşalmay turabızwe keep on not falling | sizqawşalmay turasızyou all keep on not falling | alaqawşalmay turadılathey keep on not falling |
| Progressive — double negation | menqawşalmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not falling | senqawşalmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not falling | olqawşalmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not falling | bizqawşalmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not falling | sizqawşalmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not falling | alaqawşalmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not falling |
| Progressive — double negation | menqawşalmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not falling? | senqawşalmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not falling? | olqawşalmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not falling? | bizqawşalmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not falling? | sizqawşalmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not falling? | alaqawşalmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not falling? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menqawşalğan bolmazmaI can't have fallen | senqawşalğan bolmazsayou can't have fallen | olqawşalğan bolmazhe can't have fallen | bizqawşalğan bolmazbızwe can't have fallen | sizqawşalğan bolmazsızyou all can't have fallen | alaqawşalğan bolmazlathey can't have fallen |
| Inference — double negation | menqawşalmağan bolmazmaI must have fallen (emphatic) | senqawşalmağan bolmazsayou must have fallen (emphatic) | olqawşalmağan bolmazhe must have fallen (emphatic) | bizqawşalmağan bolmazbızwe must have fallen (emphatic) | sizqawşalmağan bolmazsızyou all must have fallen (emphatic) | alaqawşalmağan bolmazlathey must have fallen (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menqawşalğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had fallen | senqawşalğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had fallen | olqawşalğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had fallen | bizqawşalğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had fallen | sizqawşalğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had fallen | alaqawşalğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had fallen |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menqawşalmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't fallen | senqawşalmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't fallen | olqawşalmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't fallen | bizqawşalmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't fallen | sizqawşalmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't fallen | alaqawşalmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't fallen |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menqawşallıq bolmazmaI can't be going to fall | senqawşallıq bolmazsayou can't be going to fall | olqawşallıq bolmazhe can't be going to fall | bizqawşallıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to fall | sizqawşallıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to fall | alaqawşallıq bolmazlathey can't be going to fall |
| Inference, future — double negation | menqawşalmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to fall (emphatic) | senqawşalmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to fall (emphatic) | olqawşalmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to fall (emphatic) | bizqawşalmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to fall (emphatic) | sizqawşalmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to fall (emphatic) | alaqawşalmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to fall (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menqawşallıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to fall | senqawşallıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to fall | olqawşallıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to fall | bizqawşallıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to fall | sizqawşallıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to fall | alaqawşallıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to fall |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menqawşalmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to fall | senqawşalmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to fall | olqawşalmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to fall | bizqawşalmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to fall | sizqawşalmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to fall | alaqawşalmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to fall |