köberge

/køberɡe/

1. (v.) to swell, to swell up (of the body or a body part)

anı jayağı köbgendi — his cheek has swollen up
meni ayaqlarım köbgendile — my legs have swollen
köbüb başlarğa — to begin to swell
köbüb qalırğa — to swell up
köbüb ürülürge — to swell up

2. (v.) to swell with moisture (of grain or soil)

jer jawunladan köbedi — the soil swells from the rains
bürtükle suwda köbdüle — the grains swelled in the water

3. (v.) to rise (of dough)

tılı terk köbedi — the dough rises quickly

4. (v.) to fill with sap (of buds or unopened flowers)

çirçikle köbdüle — the buds filled out
jazda terekle köbedile — in spring the trees fill with sap

5. (v.) to inflate, to fill with air or gas

tuluq kibik köberge — to swell up like a waterskin
top köbdü — the ball filled out

6. (v.) to be pulled taut by wind or air pressure

jelden köbe qara jamıçıları — their black felt cloaks swelling in the wind
jel urğanda köbedi — it is pulled taut when the wind strikes

7. (v.) to sulk, to take offence at someone (fig. ; colloq. )

açıwdan köberge — to sulk from hurt
birewge köberge — to take offence at somebody
köbüb tururğa — to go about sulking

8. (v.) to act self-important, to put on airs (fig. ; colloq. )

9. (v.) to be stuffed, packed full (of wool, down, fluff)

kiyik tükden köbgen köpçegi — the cushion stuffed with animal hair

10. (v.) to rise in level (of water) or rise in height (of waves)

tolqunla köbgendile tawlay — the waves have risen like mountains

Conjugation

Common forms

köbedihe is swelling
köbdühe swelled
köbgendihe has swollen
köberhe will swell
köberikdihe is going to swell
köbe edihe was swelling
köbseif he swells
köb!swell!

Simple tenses

affirmativenegativequestionnegative question

Simple tenses — forms of köberge: each tense across the six persons, in the form chosen above.
Tense	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
Present (simple & continuous)he is swelling	menköbeme	senköbese	olköbedi	bizköbebiz	sizköbesiz	alaköbedile
Present (simple & continuous)he is not swelling	menköbmeyme	senköbmeyse	olköbmeydi	bizköbmeybiz	sizköbmeysiz	alaköbmeydile
Present (simple & continuous)is he swelling?	menköbemime? köbememi?	senköbemise?	olköbemidi?	bizköbemibiz? köbebizmi?	sizköbemisiz?	alaköbemidile?
Present (simple & continuous)isn't he swelling?	menköbmeymime? köbmeymemi?	senköbmeymise?	olköbmeymidi?	bizköbmeymibiz? köbmeybizmi?	sizköbmeymisiz?	alaköbmeymidile?
Habitual (usually, tends to)he usually swells	menköbüwçenme	senköbüwçense	olköbüwçendi	bizköbüwçenbiz	sizköbüwçensiz	alaköbüwçendile
Habitual (usually, tends to)he doesn't usually swell	menköbüwçen tülme	senköbüwçen tülse	olköbüwçen tüldü	bizköbüwçen tülbüz	sizköbüwçen tülsüz	alaköbüwçen tüldüle
Habitual (usually, tends to)does he usually swell?	menköbüwçenmime? köbüwçenmemi?	senköbüwçenmise?	olköbüwçenmidi?	bizköbüwçenmibiz? köbüwçenbizmi?	sizköbüwçenmisiz?	alaköbüwçenmidile?
Habitual (usually, tends to)doesn't he usually swell?	menköbüwçen tülmüme?	senköbüwçen tülmüse?	olköbüwçen tülmüdü?	bizköbüwçen tülmübüz?	sizköbüwçen tülmüsüz?	alaköbüwçen tülmüdüle?
Resultative (has become and stays)he has swollen and remains so			olköbübdü			alaköbübdüle
Resultative (has become and stays)no such form
Resultative (has become and stays)has he swollen?			olköbübmüdü?			alaköbübmüdüle?
Resultative (has become and stays)no such form
Progressive (in the middle of)he is in the middle of swelling	menköbe turama	senköbe turasa	olköbe turadı	bizköbe turabız	sizköbe turasız	alaköbe turadıla
Progressive (in the middle of)he is not in the middle of swelling	menköbe turmayma	senköbe turmaysa	olköbe turmaydı	bizköbe turmaybız	sizköbe turmaysız	alaköbe turmaydıla
Progressive (in the middle of)is he in the middle of swelling?	menköbe turamıma? köbe turamamı?	senköbe turamısa?	olköbe turamıdı?	bizköbe turamıbız? köbe turabızmı?	sizköbe turamısız?	alaköbe turamıdıla?
Progressive (in the middle of)isn't he in the middle of swelling?	menköbe turmaymıma? köbe turmaymamı?	senköbe turmaymısa?	olköbe turmaymıdı?	bizköbe turmaymıbız? köbe turmaybızmı?	sizköbe turmaymısız?	alaköbe turmaymıdıla?
Simple past (definite)he swelled	menköbdüm	senköbdüng	olköbdü	bizköbdük	sizköbdügüz	alaköbdüle
Simple past (definite)he didn't swell	menköbmedim	senköbmeding	olköbmedi	bizköbmedik	sizköbmedigiz	alaköbmedile
Simple past (definite)did he swell?	menköbdümmü?	senköbdüngmü?	olköbdümü?	bizköbdükmü?	sizköbdügüzmü?	alaköbdülemi?
Simple past (definite)didn't he swell?	menköbmedimmi?	senköbmedingmi?	olköbmedimi?	bizköbmedikmi?	sizköbmedigizmi?	alaköbmedilemi?
Perfect (past indefinite)he has swollen	menköbgenme	senköbgense	olköbgendi	bizköbgenbiz	sizköbgensiz	alaköbgendile
Perfect (past indefinite)he hasn't swollen	menköbmegenme	senköbmegense	olköbmegendi	bizköbmegenbiz	sizköbmegensiz	alaköbmegendile
Perfect (past indefinite)has he swollen?	menköbgenmime? köbgenmemi?	senköbgenmise?	olköbgenmidi?	bizköbgenmibiz? köbgenbizmi?	sizköbgenmisiz?	alaköbgenmidile?
Perfect (past indefinite)hasn't he swollen?	menköbmegenmime? köbmegenmemi?	senköbmegenmise?	olköbmegenmidi?	bizköbmegenmibiz? köbmegenbizmi?	sizköbmegenmisiz?	alaköbmegenmidile?
Indefinite future (future I)he will swell	menköberme	senköberse	olköber	bizköberbiz	sizköbersiz	alaköberle
Indefinite future (future I)he won't swell	menköbmezme	senköbmezse	olköbmez	bizköbmezbiz	sizköbmezsiz	alaköbmezle
Indefinite future (future I)will he swell?	menköbermime? köbermemi?	senköbermise?	olköbermi?	bizköbermibiz? köberbizmi?	sizköbermisiz?	alaköbermile?
Indefinite future (future I)won't he swell?	menköbmezmime? köbmezmemi?	senköbmezmise?	olköbmezmi?	bizköbmezmibiz? köbmezbizmi?	sizköbmezmisiz?	alaköbmezmile?
Definite future (future II)he is going to swell	menköberikme	senköberikse	olköberikdi	bizköberikbiz	sizköberiksiz	alaköberikdile
Definite future (future II)he is not going to swell	menköberik tülme	senköberik tülse	olköberik tüldü	bizköberik tülbüz	sizköberik tülsüz	alaköberik tüldüle
Definite future (future II)is he going to swell?	menköberikmime? köberikmemi?	senköberikmise?	olköberikmidi?	bizköberikmibiz? köberikbizmi?	sizköberikmisiz?	alaköberikmidile?
Definite future (future II)isn't he going to swell?	menköberik tülmüme?	senköberik tülmüse?	olköberik tülmüdü?	bizköberik tülmübüz?	sizköberik tülmüsüz?	alaköberik tülmüdüle?

Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms

Past compound tenses

affirmativenegative

Past compound tenses — forms of köberge: each tense across the six persons, in the form chosen above.
Tense	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
Past perfect (pluperfect)he had swollen	menköbgen edimköbgenem	senköbgen edingköbgeneng	olköbgen ediköbgened	bizköbgen edikköbgenek	sizköbgen edigizköbgenegiz	alaköbgen edileköbgenelle
Past perfect (pluperfect)he hadn't swollen	menköbmegen edimköbmegenem	senköbmegen edingköbmegeneng	olköbmegen ediköbmegened	bizköbmegen edikköbmegenek	sizköbmegen edigizköbmegenegiz	alaköbmegen edileköbmegenelle
Past perfect (pluperfect)no such form
Past perfect (pluperfect)no such form
Past continuous (imperfect)he was swelling	menköbe edimköbem	senköbe edingköbeng	olköbe ediköbed	bizköbe edikköbek	sizköbe edigizköbegiz	alaköbe edileköbelle
Past continuous (imperfect)he wasn't swelling	menköbmey edimköbmeyem	senköbmey edingköbmeyeng	olköbmey ediköbmeyed	bizköbmey edikköbmeyek	sizköbmey edigizköbmeyegiz	alaköbmey edileköbmeyelle
Past continuous (imperfect)no such form
Past continuous (imperfect)no such form
Habitual past (used to)he used to swell	menköbüwçen edimköbüwçenem	senköbüwçen edingköbüwçeneng	olköbüwçen ediköbüwçened	bizköbüwçen edikköbüwçenek	sizköbüwçen edigizköbüwçenegiz	alaköbüwçen edileköbüwçenelle
Habitual past (used to)he didn't use to swell	menköbüwçen tül edimköbüwçen tül em	senköbüwçen tül edingköbüwçen tül eng	olköbüwçen tül ediköbüwçen tül ed	bizköbüwçen tül edikköbüwçen tül ek	sizköbüwçen tül edigizköbüwçen tül egiz	alaköbüwçen tül edileköbüwçen tül elle
Habitual past (used to)no such form
Habitual past (used to)no such form
Resultative past (had become and stayed)he had swollen and remained so			olköbüb edi			alaköbüb edile
Resultative past (had become and stayed)he hadn't swollen			olköbüb tül edi			alaköbüb tül edile
Resultative past (had become and stayed)no such form
Resultative past (had become and stayed)no such form
Past progressive (was in the middle of)he was in the middle of swelling	menköbe tura edimköbe turaem	senköbe tura edingköbe turaeng	olköbe tura ediköbe turaed	bizköbe tura edikköbe turaek	sizköbe tura edigizköbe turaegiz	alaköbe tura edileköbe turaelle
Past progressive (was in the middle of)he wasn't in the middle of swelling	menköbe turmay edimköbe turmayem	senköbe turmay edingköbe turmayeng	olköbe turmay ediköbe turmayed	bizköbe turmay edikköbe turmayek	sizköbe turmay edigizköbe turmayegiz	alaköbe turmay edileköbe turmayelle
Past progressive (was in the middle of)no such form
Past progressive (was in the middle of)no such form
Conditional result (would)he would swell	menköber edimköber em	senköber edingköber eng	olköber ediköber ed	bizköber edikköber ek	sizköber edigizköber egiz	alaköber edileköber elle
Conditional result (would)he wouldn't swell	menköbmez edimköbmez em	senköbmez edingköbmez eng	olköbmez ediköbmez ed	bizköbmez edikköbmez ek	sizköbmez edigizköbmez egiz	alaköbmez edileköbmez elle
Conditional result (would)no such form
Conditional result (would)no such form
Past conditional result (would have)he would have swollen	menköberik edimköberik em	senköberik edingköberik eng	olköberik ediköberik ed	bizköberik edikköberik ek	sizköberik edigizköberik egiz	alaköberik edileköberik elle
Past conditional result (would have)he wouldn't have swollen	menköberik tül edimköberik tül em	senköberik tül edingköberik tül eng	olköberik tül ediköberik tül ed	bizköberik tül edikköberik tül ek	sizköberik tül edigizköberik tül egiz	alaköberik tül edileköberik tül elle
Past conditional result (would have)no such form
Past conditional result (would have)no such form

Conditional

affirmativenegative

Conditional — forms of köberge: each tense across the six persons, in the form chosen above.
Tense	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
Conditionalif he swells	menköbsem	senköbseng	olköbse	bizköbsek	sizköbsegiz	alaköbsele
Conditionalif he doesn't swell	menköbmesem	senköbmeseng	olköbmese	bizköbmesek	sizköbmesegiz	alaköbmesele
Conditionalno such form
Conditionalno such form
Conditional, present realif he is swelling	menköbe esem	senköbe eseng	olköbe ese	bizköbe esek	sizköbe esegiz	alaköbe esele
Conditional, present realif he is not swelling	menköbmey esem	senköbmey eseng	olköbmey ese	bizköbmey esek	sizköbmey esegiz	alaköbmey esele
Conditional, present realno such form
Conditional, present realno such form
Wish, present/future (if only)if only he swelled	menköbsem ediköbsem ed	senköbseng ediköbseng ed	olköbse ediköbsed	bizköbsek ediköbsek ed	sizköbsegiz ediköbsegiz ed	alaköbsele ediköbseled
Wish, present/future (if only)if only he didn't swell	menköbmesem ediköbmesem ed	senköbmeseng ediköbmeseng ed	olköbmese ediköbmesed	bizköbmesek ediköbmesek ed	sizköbmesegiz ediköbmesegiz ed	alaköbmesele ediköbmeseled
Wish, present/future (if only)no such form
Wish, present/future (if only)no such form
Conditional, definite past¹if he swelled	menköbdüm esem	senköbdüng eseng	olköbdü ese	bizköbdük esek	sizköbdügüz esegiz	alaköbdüle esele
Conditional, definite past¹if he didn't swell	menköbmedim esem	senköbmeding eseng	olköbmedi ese	bizköbmedik esek	sizköbmedigiz esegiz	alaköbmedile esele
Conditional, definite pastno such form
Conditional, definite pastno such form
Conditional, past realif he did swell (indeed)	menköbgen esem	senköbgen eseng	olköbgen ese	bizköbgen esek	sizköbgen esegiz	alaköbgen esele
Conditional, past realif he didn't swell (indeed)	menköbmegen esem	senköbmegen eseng	olköbmegen ese	bizköbmegen esek	sizköbmegen esegiz	alaköbmegen esele
Conditional, past realno such form
Conditional, past realno such form
Conditional, counterfactualif he had swollen	menköbgen bolsam	senköbgen bolsang	olköbgen bolsa	bizköbgen bolsaq	sizköbgen bolsağız	alaköbgen bolsala
Conditional, counterfactualif he hadn't swollen	menköbmegen bolsam	senköbmegen bolsang	olköbmegen bolsa	bizköbmegen bolsaq	sizköbmegen bolsağız	alaköbmegen bolsala
Conditional, counterfactualno such form
Conditional, counterfactualno such form
Wish, past (if only I had)if only he had swollen	menköbgen bolsam ediköbgen bolsam ed	senköbgen bolsang ediköbgen bolsang ed	olköbgen bolsa ediköbgen bolsaed	bizköbgen bolsaq ediköbgen bolsaq ed	sizköbgen bolsağız ediköbgen bolsağız ed	alaköbgen bolsala ediköbgen bolsalaed
Wish, past (if only I had)if only he hadn't swollen	menköbmegen bolsam ediköbmegen bolsam ed	senköbmegen bolsang ediköbmegen bolsang ed	olköbmegen bolsa ediköbmegen bolsaed	bizköbmegen bolsaq ediköbmegen bolsaq ed	sizköbmegen bolsağız ediköbmegen bolsağız ed	alaköbmegen bolsala ediköbmegen bolsalaed
Wish, past (if only I had)no such form
Wish, past (if only I had)no such form
Conditional, aoristif he will swell	menköber esem	senköber eseng	olköber ese	bizköber esek	sizköber esegiz	alaköber esele
Conditional, aoristif he won't swell	menköbmez esem	senköbmez eseng	olköbmez ese	bizköbmez esek	sizköbmez esegiz	alaköbmez esele
Conditional, aoristno such form
Conditional, aoristno such form
Conditional, futureif he is going to swell	menköberik esem	senköberik eseng	olköberik ese	bizköberik esek	sizköberik esegiz	alaköberik esele
Conditional, futureif he is not going to swell	menköberik tül esem	senköberik tül eseng	olköberik tül ese	bizköberik tül esek	sizköberik tül esegiz	alaköberik tül esele
Conditional, futureno such form
Conditional, futureno such form
Conditional, counterfactual futureif he were going to swell	menköberik bolsam	senköberik bolsang	olköberik bolsa	bizköberik bolsaq	sizköberik bolsağız	alaköberik bolsala
Conditional, counterfactual futureif he were not going to swell	menköbmezlik bolsam	senköbmezlik bolsang	olköbmezlik bolsa	bizköbmezlik bolsaq	sizköbmezlik bolsağız	alaköbmezlik bolsala
Conditional, counterfactual futureno such form
Conditional, counterfactual futureno such form

Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms

Conditional, definite pastalso köbdüng ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)

Inferential

affirmativenegative

Inferential — forms of köberge: each tense across the six persons, in the form chosen above.
Tense	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
Inference, present (must be doing)he must be swelling	menköbe bolurma	senköbe bolursa	olköbe bolur	bizköbe bolurbuz	sizköbe bolursuz	alaköbe bolurla
Inference, present (must be doing)he must not be swelling	menköbmey bolurma	senköbmey bolursa	olköbmey bolur	bizköbmey bolurbuz	sizköbmey bolursuz	alaköbmey bolurla
Inference, present (must be doing)no such form
Inference, present (must be doing)no such form
Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of)he must be in the middle of swelling	menköbe tura bolurma	senköbe tura bolursa	olköbe tura bolur	bizköbe tura bolurbuz	sizköbe tura bolursuz	alaköbe tura bolurla
Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of)he must keep on not swelling	menköbmey tura bolurma	senköbmey tura bolursa	olköbmey tura bolur	bizköbmey tura bolurbuz	sizköbmey tura bolursuz	alaköbmey tura bolurla
Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of)no such form
Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of)no such form
Inference (must have)he must have swollen	menköbgen bolurma	senköbgen bolursa	olköbgen bolur	bizköbgen bolurbuz	sizköbgen bolursuz	alaköbgen bolurla
Inference (must have)he must not have swollen	menköbmegen bolurma	senköbmegen bolursa	olköbmegen bolur	bizköbmegen bolurbuz	sizköbmegen bolursuz	alaköbmegen bolurla
Inference (must have)no such form
Inference (must have)no such form
Inference, future (must be going to)he must be going to swell	menköberik bolurma	senköberik bolursa	olköberik bolur	bizköberik bolurbuz	sizköberik bolursuz	alaköberik bolurla
Inference, future (must be going to)he must not be going to swell	menköbmezlik bolurma	senköbmezlik bolursa	olköbmezlik bolur	bizköbmezlik bolurbuz	sizköbmezlik bolursuz	alaköbmezlik bolurla
Inference, future (must be going to)no such form
Inference, future (must be going to)no such form

Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms

Commands, requests and wishes

affirmativenegativequestionnegative question

Commands, requests and wishes — forms of köberge: each tense across the six persons, in the form chosen above.
Tense	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
Commands & suggestionslet him/her/it swell	menköbeyim	senköb!	olköbsün	bizköbeyik	sizköbügüz!	alaköbsünle
Commands & suggestionslet him/her/it not swell	menköbmeyim	senköbme!	olköbmesin	bizköbmeyik	sizköbmegiz!	alaköbmesinle
Commands & suggestionsshould he swell?	menköbeyimmi?		olköbsünmü?	bizköbeyikmi?		alaköbsünlemi?
Commands & suggestionsshould he not swell?	menköbmeyimmi?		olköbmesinmi?	bizköbmeyikmi?		alaköbmesinlemi?
Requestsdo let him/her/it swell		senköbçü²	olköbsünçü		sizköbçügüz	alaköbsünleçi
Requestsdo let him/her/it not swell		senköbmeçi²	olköbmesinçi		sizköbmeçigiz	alaköbmesinleçi
Requestsno such form
Requestsno such form
Blessings & curses — may you…may you swell		senköbgünköbgü
Blessings & curses — may you…may you not swell		senköbmeginköbmegi
Blessings & curses — may you…no such form
Blessings & curses — may you…no such form
Optative wish (-ğay + edi)would that he swelled	menköbgey edim köbge edim	senköbgey eding köbge eding	olköbgey edi köbge edi	bizköbgey edik köbge edik	sizköbgey edigiz köbge edigiz	alaköbgey edile köbge edile
Optative wish (-ğay + edi)would that he did not swell	menköbmegey edim köbmege edim	senköbmegey eding köbmege eding	olköbmegey edi köbmege edi	bizköbmegey edik köbmege edik	sizköbmegey edigiz köbmege edigiz	alaköbmegey edile köbmege edile
Optative wish (-ğay + edi)no such form
Optative wish (-ğay + edi)no such form
Let someone… (commands)let him/her/it allow someone to swell	menköbmege qoyayımköbme qoyayım	senköbmege qoy!köbme qoy!	olköbmege qoysunköbme qoysun	bizköbmege qoyayıqköbme qoyayıq	sizköbmege qoyuğuz!köbme qoyuğuz!	alaköbmege qoysunlaköbme qoysunla
Let someone… (commands)let him/her/it not allow someone to swell	menköbmege qoymayımköbme qoymayım	senköbmege qoyma!köbme qoyma!	olköbmege qoymasınköbme qoymasın	bizköbmege qoymayıqköbme qoymayıq	sizköbmege qoymağız!köbme qoymağız!	alaköbmege qoymasınlaköbme qoymasınla
Let someone… (commands)should he allow someone to swell?	menköbmege qoyayımmı?köbme qoyayımmı?		olköbmege qoysunmu?köbme qoysunmu?	bizköbmege qoyayıqmı?köbme qoyayıqmı?		alaköbmege qoysunlamı?köbme qoysunlamı?
Let someone… (commands)should he not allow someone to swell?	menköbmege qoymayımmı?köbme qoymayımmı?		olköbmege qoymasınmı?köbme qoymasınmı?	bizköbmege qoymayıqmı?köbme qoymayıqmı?		alaköbmege qoymasınlamı?köbme qoymasınlamı?
Let someone… (present)he allows someone to swell	menköbmege qoyamaköbme qoyama	senköbmege qoyasaköbme qoyasa	olköbmege qoyadıköbme qoyadı	bizköbmege qoyabızköbme qoyabız	sizköbmege qoyasızköbme qoyasız	alaköbmege qoyadılaköbme qoyadıla
Let someone… (present)he doesn't allow someone to swell	menköbmege qoymaymaköbme qoymayma	senköbmege qoymaysaköbme qoymaysa	olköbmege qoymaydıköbme qoymaydı	bizköbmege qoymaybızköbme qoymaybız	sizköbmege qoymaysızköbme qoymaysız	alaköbmege qoymaydılaköbme qoymaydıla
Let someone… (present)does he allow someone to swell?	menköbmege qoyamıma?köbme qoyamıma?	senköbmege qoyamısa?köbme qoyamısa?	olköbmege qoyamıdı?köbme qoyamıdı?	bizköbmege qoyamıbız?köbme qoyamıbız?	sizköbmege qoyamısız?köbme qoyamısız?	alaköbmege qoyamıdıla?köbme qoyamıdıla?
Let someone… (present)doesn't he allow someone to swell?	menköbmege qoymaymıma?köbme qoymaymıma?	senköbmege qoymaymısa?köbme qoymaymısa?	olköbmege qoymaymıdı?köbme qoymaymıdı?	bizköbmege qoymaymıbız?köbme qoymaymıbız?	sizköbmege qoymaymısız?köbme qoymaymısız?	alaköbmege qoymaymıdıla?köbme qoymaymıdıla?
Let someone… (past)he allowed someone to swell	menköbmege qoydumköbme qoydum	senköbmege qoydungköbme qoydung	olköbmege qoyduköbme qoydu	bizköbmege qoyduqköbme qoyduq	sizköbmege qoyduğuzköbme qoyduğuz	alaköbmege qoydulaköbme qoydula
Let someone… (past)he didn't allow someone to swell	menköbmege qoymadımköbme qoymadım	senköbmege qoymadıngköbme qoymadıng	olköbmege qoymadıköbme qoymadı	bizköbmege qoymadıqköbme qoymadıq	sizköbmege qoymadığızköbme qoymadığız	alaköbmege qoymadılaköbme qoymadıla
Let someone… (past)did he allow someone to swell?	menköbmege qoydummu?köbme qoydummu?	senköbmege qoydungmu?köbme qoydungmu?	olköbmege qoydumu?köbme qoydumu?	bizköbmege qoyduqmu?köbme qoyduqmu?	sizköbmege qoyduğuzmu?köbme qoyduğuzmu?	alaköbmege qoydulamı?köbme qoydulamı?
Let someone… (past)didn't he allow someone to swell?	menköbmege qoymadımmı?köbme qoymadımmı?	senköbmege qoymadıngmı?köbme qoymadıngmı?	olköbmege qoymadımı?köbme qoymadımı?	bizköbmege qoymadıqmı?köbme qoymadıqmı?	sizköbmege qoymadığızmı?köbme qoymadığızmı?	alaköbmege qoymadılamı?köbme qoymadılamı?

RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.

Ability

affirmativenegativequestionnegative question

Ability — forms of köberge: each tense across the six persons, in the form chosen above.
Tense	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
Ability — presenthe can swell	menköbalama	senköbalasa	olköbaladı	bizköbalabız	sizköbalasız	alaköbaladıla
Ability — presenthe can't swell	menköbalmayma	senköbalmaysa	olköbalmaydı	bizköbalmaybız	sizköbalmaysız	alaköbalmaydıla
Ability — presentcan he swell?	menköbalamıma? köbalamamı?	senköbalamısa?	olköbalamıdı?	bizköbalamıbız? köbalabızmı?	sizköbalamısız?	alaköbalamıdıla?
Ability — presentcan't he swell?	menköbalmaymıma? köbalmaymamı?	senköbalmaymısa?	olköbalmaymıdı?	bizköbalmaymıbız? köbalmaybızmı?	sizköbalmaymısız?	alaköbalmaymıdıla?
Ability — if I can…if he can swell	menköbalsam	senköbalsang	olköbalsa	bizköbalsaq	sizköbalsağız	alaköbalsala
Ability — if I can…if he can't swell	menköbalmasam	senköbalmasang	olköbalmasa	bizköbalmasaq	sizköbalmasağız	alaköbalmasala
Ability — if I can…no such form
Ability — if I can…no such form
Ability — simple pasthe was able to swell	menköbaldım	senköbaldıng	olköbaldı	bizköbaldıq	sizköbaldığız	alaköbaldıla
Ability — simple pasthe could not swell	menköbalmadım	senköbalmadıng	olköbalmadı	bizköbalmadıq	sizköbalmadığız	alaköbalmadıla
Ability — simple pastwas he able to swell?	menköbaldımmı?	senköbaldıngmı?	olköbaldımı?	bizköbaldıqmı?	sizköbaldığızmı?	alaköbaldılamı?
Ability — simple pastcouldn't he swell?	menköbalmadımmı?	senköbalmadıngmı?	olköbalmadımı?	bizköbalmadıqmı?	sizköbalmadığızmı?	alaköbalmadılamı?
Ability — perfect / -ğan pasthe has been able to swell	menköbalğanma	senköbalğansa	olköbalğandı	bizköbalğanbız	sizköbalğansız	alaköbalğandıla
Ability — perfect / -ğan pasthe hasn't been able to swell	menköbalmağanma	senköbalmağansa	olköbalmağandı	bizköbalmağanbız	sizköbalmağansız	alaköbalmağandıla
Ability — perfect / -ğan pasthas he been able to swell?	menköbalğanmıma? köbalğanmamı?	senköbalğanmısa?	olköbalğanmıdı?	bizköbalğanmıbız? köbalğanbızmı?	sizköbalğanmısız?	alaköbalğanmıdıla?
Ability — perfect / -ğan pasthasn't he been able to swell?	menköbalmağanmıma? köbalmağanmamı?	senköbalmağanmısa?	olköbalmağanmıdı?	bizköbalmağanmıbız? köbalmağanbızmı?	sizköbalmağanmısız?	alaköbalmağanmıdıla?
Ability — past perfecthe had been able to swell	menköbalğan edimköbalğanem	senköbalğan edingköbalğaneng	olköbalğan ediköbalğaned	bizköbalğan edikköbalğanek	sizköbalğan edigizköbalğanegiz	alaköbalğan edileköbalğanelle
Ability — past perfecthe hadn't been able to swell	menköbalmağan edimköbalmağanem	senköbalmağan edingköbalmağaneng	olköbalmağan ediköbalmağaned	bizköbalmağan edikköbalmağanek	sizköbalmağan edigizköbalmağanegiz	alaköbalmağan edileköbalmağanelle
Ability — past perfectno such form
Ability — past perfectno such form
Ability — past backgroundhe could swell	menköbala edimköbalaem	senköbala edingköbalaeng	olköbala ediköbalaed	bizköbala edikköbalaek	sizköbala edigizköbalaegiz	alaköbala edileköbalaelle
Ability — past backgroundhe could not swell	menköbalmay edimköbalmayem	senköbalmay edingköbalmayeng	olköbalmay ediköbalmayed	bizköbalmay edikköbalmayek	sizköbalmay edigizköbalmayegiz	alaköbalmay edileköbalmayelle
Ability — past backgroundno such form
Ability — past backgroundno such form
Ability — future Ihe will be able to swell	menköbalırma	senköbalırsa	olköbalır	bizköbalırbız	sizköbalırsız	alaköbalırla
Ability — future Ihe won't be able to swell	menköbalmazma	senköbalmazsa	olköbalmaz	bizköbalmazbız	sizköbalmazsız	alaköbalmazla
Ability — future Iwill he be able to swell?	menköbalırmıma? köbalırmamı?	senköbalırmısa?	olköbalırmı?	bizköbalırmıbız? köbalırbızmı?	sizköbalırmısız?	alaköbalırmıla?
Ability — future Iwon't he be able to swell?	menköbalmazmıma? köbalmazmamı?	senköbalmazmısa?	olköbalmazmı?	bizköbalmazmıbız? köbalmazbızmı?	sizköbalmazmısız?	alaköbalmazmıla?
Ability — future IIhe is going to be able to swell	menköballıqma	senköballıqsa	olköballıqdı	bizköballıqbız	sizköballıqsız	alaköballıqdıla
Ability — future IIhe is not going to be able to swell	menköballıq tülme	senköballıq tülse	olköballıq tüldü	bizköballıq tülbüz	sizköballıq tülsüz	alaköballıq tüldüle
Ability — future IIis he going to be able to swell?	menköballıqmıma? köballıqmamı?	senköballıqmısa?	olköballıqmıdı?	bizköballıqmıbız? köballıqbızmı?	sizköballıqmısız?	alaköballıqmıdıla?
Ability — future IIisn't he going to be able to swell?	menköballıq tülmüme?	senköballıq tülmüse?	olköballıq tülmüdü?	bizköballıq tülmübüz?	sizköballıq tülmüsüz?	alaköballıq tülmüdüle?
Ability — would be able to…he would be able to swell	menköbalır edimköbalır em	senköbalır edingköbalır eng	olköbalır ediköbalır ed	bizköbalır edikköbalır ek	sizköbalır edigizköbalır egiz	alaköbalır edileköbalır elle
Ability — would be able to…he wouldn't be able to swell	menköbalmaz edimköbalmaz em	senköbalmaz edingköbalmaz eng	olköbalmaz ediköbalmaz ed	bizköbalmaz edikköbalmaz ek	sizköbalmaz edigizköbalmaz egiz	alaköbalmaz edileköbalmaz elle
Ability — would be able to…no such form
Ability — would be able to…no such form
Second-person optative — abilitymay you be able to swell		senköbalğınköbalğı
Second-person optative — abilitymay you not be able to swell		senköbalmağınköbalmağı
Second-person optative — abilityno such form
Second-person optative — abilityno such form

Emphatic and rare forms

Emphatic and rare forms — forms of köberge: the second negation of each tense that has one, across the six persons.
Form	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
Inference, present — auxiliary negatedhe can't be swelling	menköbe bolmazma	senköbe bolmazsa	olköbe bolmaz	bizköbe bolmazbız	sizköbe bolmazsız	alaköbe bolmazla
Inference, present — double negationhe must be swelling (emphatic)	menköbmey bolmazma	senköbmey bolmazsa	olköbmey bolmaz	bizköbmey bolmazbız	sizköbmey bolmazsız	alaköbmey bolmazla
Inference, progressive — auxiliary negatedhe can't be in the middle of swelling	menköbe tura bolmazma	senköbe tura bolmazsa	olköbe tura bolmaz	bizköbe tura bolmazbız	sizköbe tura bolmazsız	alaköbe tura bolmazla
Inference, progressive — double negationhe must keep on not swelling (emphatic)	menköbmey tura bolmazma	senköbmey tura bolmazsa	olköbmey tura bolmaz	bizköbmey tura bolmazbız	sizköbmey tura bolmazsız	alaköbmey tura bolmazla
Progressive — verb negatedhe keeps on not swelling	menköbmey turama	senköbmey turasa	olköbmey turadı	bizköbmey turabız	sizköbmey turasız	alaköbmey turadıla
Progressive — double negationhe is not keeping on not swelling	menköbmey turmayma	senköbmey turmaysa	olköbmey turmaydı	bizköbmey turmaybız	sizköbmey turmaysız	alaköbmey turmaydıla
Progressive — double negationisn't he keeping on not swelling?	menköbmey turmaymıma	senköbmey turmaymısa	olköbmey turmaymıdı	bizköbmey turmaymıbız	sizköbmey turmaymısız	alaköbmey turmaymıdıla
Inference — auxiliary negatedhe can't have swollen	menköbgen bolmazma	senköbgen bolmazsa	olköbgen bolmaz	bizköbgen bolmazbız	sizköbgen bolmazsız	alaköbgen bolmazla
Inference — double negationhe must have swollen (emphatic)	menköbmegen bolmazma	senköbmegen bolmazsa	olköbmegen bolmaz	bizköbmegen bolmazbız	sizköbmegen bolmazsız	alaköbmegen bolmazla
Counterfactual — auxiliary negatedif it weren't that he had swollen	menköbgen bolmasam	senköbgen bolmasang	olköbgen bolmasa	bizköbgen bolmasaq	sizköbgen bolmasağız	alaköbgen bolmasala
Counterfactual — double negationif it weren't that he hadn't swollen	menköbmegen bolmasam	senköbmegen bolmasang	olköbmegen bolmasa	bizköbmegen bolmasaq	sizköbmegen bolmasağız	alaköbmegen bolmasala
Inference, future — auxiliary negatedhe can't be going to swell	menköberik bolmazma	senköberik bolmazsa	olköberik bolmaz	bizköberik bolmazbız	sizköberik bolmazsız	alaköberik bolmazla
Inference, future — double negationhe must be going to swell (emphatic)	menköbmezlik bolmazma	senköbmezlik bolmazsa	olköbmezlik bolmaz	bizköbmezlik bolmazbız	sizköbmezlik bolmazsız	alaköbmezlik bolmazla
Counterfactual future — auxiliary negatedif it weren't that he were going to swell	menköberik bolmasam	senköberik bolmasang	olköberik bolmasa	bizköberik bolmasaq	sizköberik bolmasağız	alaköberik bolmasala
Counterfactual future — double negationif it weren't that he were not going to swell	menköbmezlik bolmasam	senköbmezlik bolmasang	olköbmezlik bolmasa	bizköbmezlik bolmasaq	sizköbmezlik bolmasağız	alaköbmezlik bolmasala