kerti
/kerti/ · plural kertile
1. true, genuine, real, actual
- kerti adam — a true man, a real human being
- kerti altın — genuine gold
- kerti söz — a true word, the truth
- kerti juwuq — a true, close relative
- kerti teŋ qıyınlıqda tanılır — a true friend is known in trouble
2. faithful, loyal, true to something
- sözüŋe kerti bolurğa — to be true to your word
- kerti teŋ — a faithful friend
- ol meni kerti teŋimdi — he is my faithful friend
- kerti teŋlik — true friendship
- kerti teŋ qıyınlıqda tanılır — a true friend is known in trouble
- kerti juwuq — a true, close relative
3. truth, the truth of a matter
- ol kertidi — that is the truth
- kertimi aytasa? — are you telling the truth?
- kertisi alaydı — the truth of it is so
- kertisin aytsaq — if we tell the truth, to tell the truth
- kertige uşağan — resembling the truth, plausible
- kertini kirit tıymaz — a lock will not hold back the truth
4. indeed, in fact, really — Often used as kertisi da or kertisi bla with the same meaning. On its own as a question, kerti means "really?"
- nart batırla kerti da iynandıla — the Nart heroes really believed
- meni sizge kerti işim bardı — I really have business with you
- ozsam seyir tüldü, kerti — if I overtake, it is no wonder, indeed
- kertisin aytsam — to tell the truth
- anı kertisi da bilmey edim — I really did not know it
5. sincerely, truly, in earnest; truthfully
- kerti aytırğa — to speak truthfully
- kerti süygenni süe bil — know how to love the one who truly loves you
6. correct, right; valid, just
- ho, kerti aytasa — yes, you are right
- hapar kerti bolub çıqdı — the news turned out to be correct
- aythanları kerti ese — if what they say is correct
7. real, objective, existing in reality — In philosophy it means objective, as in kerti duniya "the objective world".
- kerti jaşaw — real life, actual reality
- aşhı umutla kerti boldula — good hopes became reality
Expressions
- kerti adam — person of integrity
- kerti duniya — the hereafter
As an adjective
Degrees and persons
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | kertimeI am true | kertiseyou are true | kertidihe is true | kertibizwe are true | kertisizyou all are true | kertidilethey are true |
| comparative — more | kertirekmeI am truer | kertirekseyou are truer | kertirekdihe is truer | kertirekbizwe are truer | kertireksizyou all are truer | kertirekdilethey are truer |
| intensifier — very | bek kertimeI am very true | bek kertiseyou are very true | bek kertidihe is very true | bek kertibizwe are very true | bek kertisizyou all are very true | bek kertidilethey are very true |
| superlative — most | em kertimeI am the truest | em kertiseyou are the truest | em kertidihe is the truest | em kertibizwe are the truest | em kertisizyou all are the truest | em kertidilethey are the truest |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden kertidi — "compared to me, he is true."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki kertidimine is true | seniki kertidiyours is true | anıqı kertidihis is true | bizniki kertidiours is true | sizniki kertidiyours (pl.) is true | alanıqı kertiditheirs is true |
| comparative — more | meniki kertirekdimine is truer | seniki kertirekdiyours is truer | anıqı kertirekdihis is truer | bizniki kertirekdiours is truer | sizniki kertirekdiyours (pl.) is truer | alanıqı kertirekditheirs is truer |
| intensifier — very | meniki bek kertidimine is very true | seniki bek kertidiyours is very true | anıqı bek kertidihis is very true | bizniki bek kertidiours is very true | sizniki bek kertidiyours (pl.) is very true | alanıqı bek kertiditheirs is very true |
| superlative — most | meniki em kertidimine is the truest | seniki em kertidiyours is the truest | anıqı em kertidihis is the truest | bizniki em kertidiours is the truest | sizniki em kertidiyours (pl.) is the truest | alanıqı em kertiditheirs is the truest |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile kertidilemine are true | senikile kertidileyours are true | anıqıla kertidilehis are true | biznikile kertidileours are true | siznikile kertidileyours (pl.) are true | alanıqıla kertidiletheirs are true |
| comparative — more | menikile kertirekdilemine are truer | senikile kertirekdileyours are truer | anıqıla kertirekdilehis are truer | biznikile kertirekdileours are truer | siznikile kertirekdileyours (pl.) are truer | alanıqıla kertirekdiletheirs are truer |
| intensifier — very | menikile bek kertidilemine are very true | senikile bek kertidileyours are very true | anıqıla bek kertidilehis are very true | biznikile bek kertidileours are very true | siznikile bek kertidileyours (pl.) are very true | alanıqıla bek kertidiletheirs are very true |
| superlative — most | menikile em kertidilemine are the truest | senikile em kertidileyours are the truest | anıqıla em kertidilehis are the truest | biznikile em kertidileours are the truest | siznikile em kertidileyours (pl.) are the truest | alanıqıla em kertidiletheirs are the truest |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu kertidi, bıla kertidile. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".
As a noun
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | kertithe truth | kertimmy truth | kertiŋyour truth | kertisihis truth | kertibizour truth | kertigizyou all's truth | kertileritheir truths |
| Genitive | kertinithe truth's | kertimimy truth's | kertiŋiyour truth's | kertisinihis truth's | kertibizniour truth's | kertigizniyou all's truth's | kertilerinitheir truths' |
| Accusative | kertinithe truth (as the object) | kertimimy truth (as the object) | kertiŋiyour truth (as the object) | kertisinhis truth (as the object) | kertibizniour truth (as the object) | kertigizniyou all's truth (as the object) | kertilerintheir truths (as the object) |
| Dative | kertigeto the truth | kertimeto my truth | kertiŋeto your truth | kertisineto his truth | kertibizgeto our truth | kertigizgeto you all's truth | kertilerineto their truths |
| Locative | kertidein / at the truth | kertimdein / at my truth | kertiŋdein / at your truth | kertisindein / at his truth | kertibizdein / at our truth | kertigizdein / at you all's truth | kertilerindein / at their truths |
| Ablative | kertidenfrom the truth | kertimdenfrom my truth | kertiŋdenfrom your truth | kertisindenfrom his truth | kertibizdenfrom our truth | kertigizdenfrom you all's truth | kertilerindenfrom their truths |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | kertilethe truths | kertilerimmy truths | kertileriŋyour truths | kertilerihis truths | kertileribizour truths | kertilerigizyou all's truths | kertileritheir truths |
| Genitive | kertilenithe truths' | kertilerimimy truths' | kertileriŋiyour truths' | kertilerinihis truths' | kertileribizniour truths' | kertilerigizniyou all's truths' | kertilerinitheir truths' |
| Accusative | kertilenithe truths (as the object) | kertilerimimy truths (as the object) | kertileriŋiyour truths (as the object) | kertilerinhis truths (as the object) | kertileribizniour truths (as the object) | kertilerigizniyou all's truths (as the object) | kertilerintheir truths (as the object) |
| Dative | kertilegeto the truths | kertilerimeto my truths | kertileriŋeto your truths | kertilerineto his truths | kertileribizgeto our truths | kertilerigizgeto you all's truths | kertilerineto their truths |
| Locative | kertiledein / at the truths | kertilerimdein / at my truths | kertileriŋdein / at your truths | kertilerindein / at his truths | kertileribizdein / at our truths | kertilerigizdein / at you all's truths | kertilerindein / at their truths |
| Ablative | kertiledenfrom the truths | kertilerimdenfrom my truths | kertileriŋdenfrom your truths | kertilerindenfrom his truths | kertileribizdenfrom our truths | kertilerigizdenfrom you all's truths | kertilerindenfrom their truths |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: kertileri can mean "his / her truths", "their truth", or "their truths" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.