kerpeslenirge
/kerpeslenirɡe/
1. perk up, brighten, be in high spirits
- sabiy anasın körüb kerpeslendi — the child brightened when it saw its mother
- janqozçuqla közçüklerin jarıq açıb kerpeslendile — the little fawns opened their little eyes brightly and perked up
- kerpeslenib jaşarğa — to live in good spirits
- kerpeslenib tururğa — to always look contented
2. give oneself airs, preen, swagger
- gugurukku kerpeslenib qanat qağadı — the rooster preens and flaps its wings
- kerpeslenib aylanadı — he goes about giving himself airs
- kerpeslenib söleşedi — he speaks with a swagger
- kerpeslenme — don't give yourself airs
- kerpeslenib oynaydı — it plays about full of itself
Conjugation
Common forms
- kerpeslenedihe is perking up
- kerpeslendihe perked up
- kerpeslenŋendihe has perked up
- kerpeslenirhe will perk up
- kerpeslennikdihe is going to perk up
- kerpeslene edihe was perking up
- kerpeslenseif he perks up
- kerpeslen!perk up!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkerpeslenemeI am perking up | senkerpesleneseyou are perking up | olkerpeslenedihe is perking up | bizkerpeslenebizwe are perking up | sizkerpeslenesizyou all are perking up | alakerpeslenedilethey are perking up |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkerpeslenmeymeI am not perking up | senkerpeslenmeyseyou are not perking up | olkerpeslenmeydihe is not perking up | bizkerpeslenmeybizwe are not perking up | sizkerpeslenmeysizyou all are not perking up | alakerpeslenmeydilethey are not perking up |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkerpeslenememi? kerpeslenemime?am I perking up? | senkerpeslenemise?are you perking up? | olkerpeslenemidi?is he perking up? | bizkerpeslenebizmi? kerpeslenemibiz?are we perking up? | sizkerpeslenemisiz?are you all perking up? | alakerpeslenemidile?are they perking up? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkerpeslenmeymemi? kerpeslenmeymime?aren't I perking up? | senkerpeslenmeymise?aren't you perking up? | olkerpeslenmeymidi?isn't he perking up? | bizkerpeslenmeybizmi? kerpeslenmeymibiz?aren't we perking up? | sizkerpeslenmeymisiz?aren't you all perking up? | alakerpeslenmeymidile?aren't they perking up? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkerpesleniwçenmeI usually perk up | senkerpesleniwçenseyou usually perk up | olkerpesleniwçendihe usually perks up | bizkerpesleniwçenbizwe usually perk up | sizkerpesleniwçensizyou all usually perk up | alakerpesleniwçendilethey usually perk up |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkerpeslenmewçenmeI usually don't perk up | senkerpeslenmewçenseyou usually don't perk up | olkerpeslenmewçendihe usually doesn't perk up | bizkerpeslenmewçenbizwe usually don't perk up | sizkerpeslenmewçensizyou all usually don't perk up | alakerpeslenmewçendilethey usually don't perk up |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkerpesleniwçenmemi? kerpesleniwçenmime?do I usually perk up? | senkerpesleniwçenmise?do you usually perk up? | olkerpesleniwçenmidi?does he usually perk up? | bizkerpesleniwçenbizmi? kerpesleniwçenmibiz?do we usually perk up? | sizkerpesleniwçenmisiz?do you all usually perk up? | alakerpesleniwçenmidile?do they usually perk up? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkerpeslenmewçenmemi? kerpeslenmewçenmime?do I usually not perk up? | senkerpeslenmewçenmise?do you usually not perk up? | olkerpeslenmewçenmidi?does he usually not perk up? | bizkerpeslenmewçenbizmi? kerpeslenmewçenmibiz?do we usually not perk up? | sizkerpeslenmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not perk up? | alakerpeslenmewçenmidile?do they usually not perk up? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkerpeslenibdihe has perked up and remains so | alakerpeslenibdilethey have perked up and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkerpeslenibmidi?has he perked up? | alakerpeslenibmidile?have they perked up? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkerpeslenib turamaI keep perking up | senkerpeslenib turasayou keep perking up | olkerpeslenib turadıhe keeps perking up | bizkerpeslenib turabızwe keep perking up | sizkerpeslenib turasızyou all keep perking up | alakerpeslenib turadılathey keep perking up |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkerpeslenib turmaymaI don't keep perking up | senkerpeslenib turmaysayou don't keep perking up | olkerpeslenib turmaydıhe doesn't keep perking up | bizkerpeslenib turmaybızwe don't keep perking up | sizkerpeslenib turmaysızyou all don't keep perking up | alakerpeslenib turmaydılathey don't keep perking up |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkerpeslenib turamamı? kerpeslenib turamıma?do I keep perking up? | senkerpeslenib turamısa?do you keep perking up? | olkerpeslenib turamıdı?does he keep perking up? | bizkerpeslenib turabızmı? kerpeslenib turamıbız?do we keep perking up? | sizkerpeslenib turamısız?do you all keep perking up? | alakerpeslenib turamıdıla?do they keep perking up? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkerpeslenib turmaymamı? kerpeslenib turmaymıma?don't I keep perking up? | senkerpeslenib turmaymısa?don't you keep perking up? | olkerpeslenib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep perking up? | bizkerpeslenib turmaybızmı? kerpeslenib turmaymıbız?don't we keep perking up? | sizkerpeslenib turmaymısız?don't you all keep perking up? | alakerpeslenib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep perking up? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkerpeslene turamaI am in the middle of perking up | senkerpeslene turasayou are in the middle of perking up | olkerpeslene turadıhe is in the middle of perking up | bizkerpeslene turabızwe are in the middle of perking up | sizkerpeslene turasızyou all are in the middle of perking up | alakerpeslene turadılathey are in the middle of perking up |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkerpeslene turmaymaI am not in the middle of perking up | senkerpeslene turmaysayou are not in the middle of perking up | olkerpeslene turmaydıhe is not in the middle of perking up | bizkerpeslene turmaybızwe are not in the middle of perking up | sizkerpeslene turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of perking up | alakerpeslene turmaydılathey are not in the middle of perking up |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkerpeslene turamamı? kerpeslene turamıma?am I in the middle of perking up? | senkerpeslene turamısa?are you in the middle of perking up? | olkerpeslene turamıdı?is he in the middle of perking up? | bizkerpeslene turabızmı? kerpeslene turamıbız?are we in the middle of perking up? | sizkerpeslene turamısız?are you all in the middle of perking up? | alakerpeslene turamıdıla?are they in the middle of perking up? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkerpeslene turmaymamı? kerpeslene turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of perking up? | senkerpeslene turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of perking up? | olkerpeslene turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of perking up? | bizkerpeslene turmaybızmı? kerpeslene turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of perking up? | sizkerpeslene turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of perking up? | alakerpeslene turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of perking up? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkerpeslendimI perked up | senkerpeslendiŋyou perked up | olkerpeslendihe perked up | bizkerpeslendikwe perked up | sizkerpeslendigizyou all perked up | alakerpeslendilethey perked up |
| Simple past (definite) | menkerpeslenmedimI didn't perk up | senkerpeslenmediŋyou didn't perk up | olkerpeslenmedihe didn't perk up | bizkerpeslenmedikwe didn't perk up | sizkerpeslenmedigizyou all didn't perk up | alakerpeslenmedilethey didn't perk up |
| Simple past (definite) | menkerpeslendimmi?did I perk up? | senkerpeslendiŋmi?did you perk up? | olkerpeslendimi?did he perk up? | bizkerpeslendikmi?did we perk up? | sizkerpeslendigizmi?did you all perk up? | alakerpeslendilemi?did they perk up? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkerpeslenmedimmi?didn't I perk up? | senkerpeslenmediŋmi?didn't you perk up? | olkerpeslenmedimi?didn't he perk up? | bizkerpeslenmedikmi?didn't we perk up? | sizkerpeslenmedigizmi?didn't you all perk up? | alakerpeslenmedilemi?didn't they perk up? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkerpeslenŋenmeI have perked up | senkerpeslenŋenseyou have perked up | olkerpeslenŋendihe has perked up | bizkerpeslenŋenbizwe have perked up | sizkerpeslenŋensizyou all have perked up | alakerpeslenŋendilethey have perked up |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkerpeslenmegenmeI haven't perked up | senkerpeslenmegenseyou haven't perked up | olkerpeslenmegendihe hasn't perked up | bizkerpeslenmegenbizwe haven't perked up | sizkerpeslenmegensizyou all haven't perked up | alakerpeslenmegendilethey haven't perked up |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkerpeslenŋenmemi? kerpeslenŋenmime?have I perked up? | senkerpeslenŋenmise?have you perked up? | olkerpeslenŋenmidi?has he perked up? | bizkerpeslenŋenbizmi? kerpeslenŋenmibiz?have we perked up? | sizkerpeslenŋenmisiz?have you all perked up? | alakerpeslenŋenmidile?have they perked up? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkerpeslenmegenmemi? kerpeslenmegenmime?haven't I perked up? | senkerpeslenmegenmise?haven't you perked up? | olkerpeslenmegenmidi?hasn't he perked up? | bizkerpeslenmegenbizmi? kerpeslenmegenmibiz?haven't we perked up? | sizkerpeslenmegenmisiz?haven't you all perked up? | alakerpeslenmegenmidile?haven't they perked up? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkerpeslenib turdumI kept perking up | senkerpeslenib turduŋyou kept perking up | olkerpeslenib turduhe kept perking up | bizkerpeslenib turduqwe kept perking up | sizkerpeslenib turduğuzyou all kept perking up | alakerpeslenib turdulathey kept perking up |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkerpeslenib turmadımI didn't keep perking up | senkerpeslenib turmadıŋyou didn't keep perking up | olkerpeslenib turmadıhe didn't keep perking up | bizkerpeslenib turmadıqwe didn't keep perking up | sizkerpeslenib turmadığızyou all didn't keep perking up | alakerpeslenib turmadılathey didn't keep perking up |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkerpeslenirmeI will perk up | senkerpeslenirseyou will perk up | olkerpeslenirhe will perk up | bizkerpeslenirbizwe will perk up | sizkerpeslenirsizyou all will perk up | alakerpeslenirlethey will perk up |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkerpeslenmezmeI won't perk up | senkerpeslenmezseyou won't perk up | olkerpeslenmezhe won't perk up | bizkerpeslenmezbizwe won't perk up | sizkerpeslenmezsizyou all won't perk up | alakerpeslenmezlethey won't perk up |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkerpeslenirmemi? kerpeslenirmime?will I perk up? | senkerpeslenirmise?will you perk up? | olkerpeslenirmi?will he perk up? | bizkerpeslenirbizmi? kerpeslenirmibiz?will we perk up? | sizkerpeslenirmisiz?will you all perk up? | alakerpeslenirlemi? kerpeslenirmile?will they perk up? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkerpeslenmezmemi? kerpeslenmezmime?won't I perk up? | senkerpeslenmezmise?won't you perk up? | olkerpeslenmezmi?won't he perk up? | bizkerpeslenmezbizmi? kerpeslenmezmibiz?won't we perk up? | sizkerpeslenmezmisiz?won't you all perk up? | alakerpeslenmezlemi? kerpeslenmezmile?won't they perk up? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkerpeslennikme1kerpeslenirikmeI am going to perk up | senkerpeslennikse1kerpeslenirikseyou are going to perk up | olkerpeslennikdi1kerpeslenirikdihe is going to perk up | bizkerpeslennikbiz1kerpeslenirikbizwe are going to perk up | sizkerpeslenniksiz1kerpesleniriksizyou all are going to perk up | alakerpeslennikdile1kerpeslenirikdilethey are going to perk up |
| Definite future (future II) | menkerpeslennik tülme1kerpeslenirik tülmeI am not going to perk up | senkerpeslennik tülse1kerpeslenirik tülseyou are not going to perk up | olkerpeslennik tüldü1kerpeslenirik tüldühe is not going to perk up | bizkerpeslennik tülbüz1kerpeslenirik tülbüzwe are not going to perk up | sizkerpeslennik tülsüz1kerpeslenirik tülsüzyou all are not going to perk up | alakerpeslennik tüldüle1kerpeslenirik tüldülethey are not going to perk up |
| Definite future (future II) | menkerpeslennikmemi?1 kerpeslennikmime?kerpeslenirikmemi?am I going to perk up? | senkerpeslennikmise?1kerpeslenirikmise?are you going to perk up? | olkerpeslennikmidi?1kerpeslenirikmidi?is he going to perk up? | bizkerpeslennikbizmi?1 kerpeslennikmibiz?kerpeslenirikbizmi?are we going to perk up? | sizkerpeslennikmisiz?1kerpeslenirikmisiz?are you all going to perk up? | alakerpeslennikmidile?1kerpeslenirikmidile?are they going to perk up? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkerpeslennik tülmüme?1kerpeslenirik tülmüme?aren't I going to perk up? | senkerpeslennik tülmüse?1kerpeslenirik tülmüse?aren't you going to perk up? | olkerpeslennik tülmüdü?1kerpeslenirik tülmüdü?isn't he going to perk up? | bizkerpeslennik tülmübüz?1kerpeslenirik tülmübüz?aren't we going to perk up? | sizkerpeslennik tülmüsüz?1kerpeslenirik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to perk up? | alakerpeslennik tülmüdüle?1kerpeslenirik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to perk up? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so kerpeslenirikdi
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkerpeslenŋen edimkerpeslenŋenemI had perked up | senkerpeslenŋen ediŋkerpeslenŋeneŋyou had perked up | olkerpeslenŋen edikerpeslenŋenedhe had perked up | bizkerpeslenŋen edikkerpeslenŋenekwe had perked up | sizkerpeslenŋen edigizkerpeslenŋenegizyou all had perked up | alakerpeslenŋen edilekerpeslenŋenellethey had perked up |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkerpeslenmegen edimkerpeslenmegenemI hadn't perked up | senkerpeslenmegen ediŋkerpeslenmegeneŋyou hadn't perked up | olkerpeslenmegen edikerpeslenmegenedhe hadn't perked up | bizkerpeslenmegen edikkerpeslenmegenekwe hadn't perked up | sizkerpeslenmegen edigizkerpeslenmegenegizyou all hadn't perked up | alakerpeslenmegen edilekerpeslenmegenellethey hadn't perked up |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkerpeslene edimkerpeslenemI was perking up | senkerpeslene ediŋkerpesleneŋyou were perking up | olkerpeslene edikerpeslenedhe was perking up | bizkerpeslene edikkerpeslenekwe were perking up | sizkerpeslene edigizkerpeslenegizyou all were perking up | alakerpeslene edilekerpeslenellethey were perking up |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkerpeslenmey edimkerpeslenmeyemI wasn't perking up | senkerpeslenmey ediŋkerpeslenmeyeŋyou weren't perking up | olkerpeslenmey edikerpeslenmeyedhe wasn't perking up | bizkerpeslenmey edikkerpeslenmeyekwe weren't perking up | sizkerpeslenmey edigizkerpeslenmeyegizyou all weren't perking up | alakerpeslenmey edilekerpeslenmeyellethey weren't perking up |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menkerpesleniwçen edimkerpesleniwçenemI used to perk up | senkerpesleniwçen ediŋkerpesleniwçeneŋyou used to perk up | olkerpesleniwçen edikerpesleniwçenedhe used to perk up | bizkerpesleniwçen edikkerpesleniwçenekwe used to perk up | sizkerpesleniwçen edigizkerpesleniwçenegizyou all used to perk up | alakerpesleniwçen edilekerpesleniwçenellethey used to perk up |
| Habitual past (used to) | menkerpeslenmewçen edimkerpeslenmewçenemI didn't use to perk up | senkerpeslenmewçen ediŋkerpeslenmewçeneŋyou didn't use to perk up | olkerpeslenmewçen edikerpeslenmewçenedhe didn't use to perk up | bizkerpeslenmewçen edikkerpeslenmewçenekwe didn't use to perk up | sizkerpeslenmewçen edigizkerpeslenmewçenegizyou all didn't use to perk up | alakerpeslenmewçen edilekerpeslenmewçenellethey didn't use to perk up |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkerpeslenib edihe had perked up and remained so | alakerpeslenib edilethey had perked up and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkerpeslenib tül edihe hadn't perked up | alakerpeslenib tül edilethey hadn't perked up | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkerpeslenib tura edimkerpeslenib turaemI had kept perking up | senkerpeslenib tura ediŋkerpeslenib turaeŋyou had kept perking up | olkerpeslenib tura edikerpeslenib turaedhe had kept perking up | bizkerpeslenib tura edikkerpeslenib turaekwe had kept perking up | sizkerpeslenib tura edigizkerpeslenib turaegizyou all had kept perking up | alakerpeslenib tura edilekerpeslenib turaellethey had kept perking up |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkerpeslenib turmay edimkerpeslenib turmayemI hadn't kept perking up | senkerpeslenib turmay ediŋkerpeslenib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept perking up | olkerpeslenib turmay edikerpeslenib turmayedhe hadn't kept perking up | bizkerpeslenib turmay edikkerpeslenib turmayekwe hadn't kept perking up | sizkerpeslenib turmay edigizkerpeslenib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept perking up | alakerpeslenib turmay edilekerpeslenib turmayellethey hadn't kept perking up |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkerpeslene tura edimkerpeslene turaemI was in the middle of perking up | senkerpeslene tura ediŋkerpeslene turaeŋyou were in the middle of perking up | olkerpeslene tura edikerpeslene turaedhe was in the middle of perking up | bizkerpeslene tura edikkerpeslene turaekwe were in the middle of perking up | sizkerpeslene tura edigizkerpeslene turaegizyou all were in the middle of perking up | alakerpeslene tura edilekerpeslene turaellethey were in the middle of perking up |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkerpeslene turmay edimkerpeslene turmayemI wasn't in the middle of perking up | senkerpeslene turmay ediŋkerpeslene turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of perking up | olkerpeslene turmay edikerpeslene turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of perking up | bizkerpeslene turmay edikkerpeslene turmayekwe weren't in the middle of perking up | sizkerpeslene turmay edigizkerpeslene turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of perking up | alakerpeslene turmay edilekerpeslene turmayellethey weren't in the middle of perking up |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menkerpeslenir edimkerpeslenir emI would perk up | senkerpeslenir ediŋkerpeslenir eŋyou would perk up | olkerpeslenir edikerpeslenir edhe would perk up | bizkerpeslenir edikkerpeslenir ekwe would perk up | sizkerpeslenir edigizkerpeslenir egizyou all would perk up | alakerpeslenir edilekerpeslenir ellethey would perk up |
| Conditional result (would) | menkerpeslenmez edimkerpeslenmez emI wouldn't perk up | senkerpeslenmez ediŋkerpeslenmez eŋyou wouldn't perk up | olkerpeslenmez edikerpeslenmez edhe wouldn't perk up | bizkerpeslenmez edikkerpeslenmez ekwe wouldn't perk up | sizkerpeslenmez edigizkerpeslenmez egizyou all wouldn't perk up | alakerpeslenmez edilekerpeslenmez ellethey wouldn't perk up |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkerpeslennik edim2kerpeslennik emkerpeslenirik edimI would have perked up | senkerpeslennik ediŋ2kerpeslennik eŋkerpeslenirik ediŋyou would have perked up | olkerpeslennik edi2kerpeslennik edkerpeslenirik edihe would have perked up | bizkerpeslennik edik2kerpeslennik ekkerpeslenirik edikwe would have perked up | sizkerpeslennik edigiz2kerpeslennik egizkerpeslenirik edigizyou all would have perked up | alakerpeslennik edile2kerpeslennik ellekerpeslenirik edilethey would have perked up |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkerpeslennik tül edim2kerpeslennik tül emkerpeslenirik tül edimI wouldn't have perked up | senkerpeslennik tül ediŋ2kerpeslennik tül eŋkerpeslenirik tül ediŋyou wouldn't have perked up | olkerpeslennik tül edi2kerpeslennik tül edkerpeslenirik tül edihe wouldn't have perked up | bizkerpeslennik tül edik2kerpeslennik tül ekkerpeslenirik tül edikwe wouldn't have perked up | sizkerpeslennik tül edigiz2kerpeslennik tül egizkerpeslenirik tül edigizyou all wouldn't have perked up | alakerpeslennik tül edile2kerpeslennik tül ellekerpeslenirik tül edilethey wouldn't have perked up |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so kerpeslenirik edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menkerpeslensemif I perk up | senkerpeslenseŋif you perk up | olkerpeslenseif he perks up | bizkerpeslensekif we perk up | sizkerpeslensegizif you all perk up | alakerpeslenseleif they perk up |
| Conditional | menkerpeslenmesemif I don't perk up | senkerpeslenmeseŋif you don't perk up | olkerpeslenmeseif he doesn't perk up | bizkerpeslenmesekif we don't perk up | sizkerpeslenmesegizif you all don't perk up | alakerpeslenmeseleif they don't perk up |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menkerpeslene esemif I am perking up | senkerpeslene eseŋif you are perking up | olkerpeslene eseif he is perking up | bizkerpeslene esekif we are perking up | sizkerpeslene esegizif you all are perking up | alakerpeslene eseleif they are perking up |
| Conditional, present real | menkerpeslenmey esemif I am not perking up | senkerpeslenmey eseŋif you are not perking up | olkerpeslenmey eseif he is not perking up | bizkerpeslenmey esekif we are not perking up | sizkerpeslenmey esegizif you all are not perking up | alakerpeslenmey eseleif they are not perking up |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkerpeslensem edikerpeslensem edif only I perked up | senkerpeslenseŋ edikerpeslenseŋ edif only you perked up | olkerpeslense edikerpeslensedif only he perked up | bizkerpeslensek edikerpeslensek edif only we perked up | sizkerpeslensegiz edikerpeslensegiz edif only you all perked up | alakerpeslensele edikerpeslenseledif only they perked up |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkerpeslenmesem edikerpeslenmesem edif only I didn't perk up | senkerpeslenmeseŋ edikerpeslenmeseŋ edif only you didn't perk up | olkerpeslenmese edikerpeslenmesedif only he didn't perk up | bizkerpeslenmesek edikerpeslenmesek edif only we didn't perk up | sizkerpeslenmesegiz edikerpeslenmesegiz edif only you all didn't perk up | alakerpeslenmesele edikerpeslenmeseledif only they didn't perk up |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menkerpeslenib tursamif I carry on perking up | senkerpeslenib tursaŋif you carry on perking up | olkerpeslenib tursaif he carries on perking up | bizkerpeslenib tursaqif we carry on perking up | sizkerpeslenib tursağızif you all carry on perking up | alakerpeslenib tursalaif they carry on perking up |
| Durative conditional | menkerpeslenib turmasamif I don't carry on perking up | senkerpeslenib turmasaŋif you don't carry on perking up | olkerpeslenib turmasaif he doesn't carry on perking up | bizkerpeslenib turmasaqif we don't carry on perking up | sizkerpeslenib turmasağızif you all don't carry on perking up | alakerpeslenib turmasalaif they don't carry on perking up |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menkerpeslenib tura esemif I have kept perking up | senkerpeslenib tura eseŋif you have kept perking up | olkerpeslenib tura eseif he has kept perking up | bizkerpeslenib tura esekif we have kept perking up | sizkerpeslenib tura esegizif you all have kept perking up | alakerpeslenib tura eseleif they have kept perking up |
| Durative conditional, present real | menkerpeslenib turmay esemif I haven't kept perking up | senkerpeslenib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept perking up | olkerpeslenib turmay eseif he hasn't kept perking up | bizkerpeslenib turmay esekif we haven't kept perking up | sizkerpeslenib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept perking up | alakerpeslenib turmay eseleif they haven't kept perking up |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menkerpeslene tursamif I keep perking up | senkerpeslene tursaŋif you keep perking up | olkerpeslene tursaif he keeps perking up | bizkerpeslene tursaqif we keep perking up | sizkerpeslene tursağızif you all keep perking up | alakerpeslene tursalaif they keep perking up |
| Progressive conditional | menkerpeslenmey tursamif I keep on not perking up | senkerpeslenmey tursaŋif you keep on not perking up | olkerpeslenmey tursaif he keeps on not perking up | bizkerpeslenmey tursaqif we keep on not perking up | sizkerpeslenmey tursağızif you all keep on not perking up | alakerpeslenmey tursalaif they keep on not perking up |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkerpeslene tura esemif I am in the middle of perking up | senkerpeslene tura eseŋif you are in the middle of perking up | olkerpeslene tura eseif he is in the middle of perking up | bizkerpeslene tura esekif we are in the middle of perking up | sizkerpeslene tura esegizif you all are in the middle of perking up | alakerpeslene tura eseleif they are in the middle of perking up |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkerpeslenmey tura esemif I keep on not perking up | senkerpeslenmey tura eseŋif you keep on not perking up | olkerpeslenmey tura eseif he keeps on not perking up | bizkerpeslenmey tura esekif we keep on not perking up | sizkerpeslenmey tura esegizif you all keep on not perking up | alakerpeslenmey tura eseleif they keep on not perking up |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menkerpeslendim esemif I perked up | senkerpeslendiŋ eseŋif you perked up | olkerpeslendi eseif he perked up | bizkerpeslendik esekif we perked up | sizkerpeslendigiz esegizif you all perked up | alakerpeslendile eseleif they perked up |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menkerpeslenmedim esemif I didn't perk up | senkerpeslenmediŋ eseŋif you didn't perk up | olkerpeslenmedi eseif he didn't perk up | bizkerpeslenmedik esekif we didn't perk up | sizkerpeslenmedigiz esegizif you all didn't perk up | alakerpeslenmedile eseleif they didn't perk up |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menkerpeslenŋen esemif I did perk up (indeed) | senkerpeslenŋen eseŋif you did perk up (indeed) | olkerpeslenŋen eseif he did perk up (indeed) | bizkerpeslenŋen esekif we did perk up (indeed) | sizkerpeslenŋen esegizif you all did perk up (indeed) | alakerpeslenŋen eseleif they did perk up (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menkerpeslenmegen esemif I didn't perk up (indeed) | senkerpeslenmegen eseŋif you didn't perk up (indeed) | olkerpeslenmegen eseif he didn't perk up (indeed) | bizkerpeslenmegen esekif we didn't perk up (indeed) | sizkerpeslenmegen esegizif you all didn't perk up (indeed) | alakerpeslenmegen eseleif they didn't perk up (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkerpeslenŋen bolsamif I had perked up | senkerpeslenŋen bolsaŋif you had perked up | olkerpeslenŋen bolsaif he had perked up | bizkerpeslenŋen bolsaqif we had perked up | sizkerpeslenŋen bolsağızif you all had perked up | alakerpeslenŋen bolsalaif they had perked up |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkerpeslenmegen bolsamif I hadn't perked up | senkerpeslenmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't perked up | olkerpeslenmegen bolsaif he hadn't perked up | bizkerpeslenmegen bolsaqif we hadn't perked up | sizkerpeslenmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't perked up | alakerpeslenmegen bolsalaif they hadn't perked up |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkerpeslenŋen bolsam edikerpeslenŋen bolsam edif only I had perked up | senkerpeslenŋen bolsaŋ edikerpeslenŋen bolsaŋ edif only you had perked up | olkerpeslenŋen bolsa edikerpeslenŋen bolsaedif only he had perked up | bizkerpeslenŋen bolsaq edikerpeslenŋen bolsaq edif only we had perked up | sizkerpeslenŋen bolsağız edikerpeslenŋen bolsağız edif only you all had perked up | alakerpeslenŋen bolsala edikerpeslenŋen bolsalaedif only they had perked up |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkerpeslenmegen bolsam edikerpeslenmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't perked up | senkerpeslenmegen bolsaŋ edikerpeslenmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't perked up | olkerpeslenmegen bolsa edikerpeslenmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't perked up | bizkerpeslenmegen bolsaq edikerpeslenmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't perked up | sizkerpeslenmegen bolsağız edikerpeslenmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't perked up | alakerpeslenmegen bolsala edikerpeslenmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't perked up |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menkerpeslenir esemif I will perk up | senkerpeslenir eseŋif you will perk up | olkerpeslenir eseif he will perk up | bizkerpeslenir esekif we will perk up | sizkerpeslenir esegizif you all will perk up | alakerpeslenir eseleif they will perk up |
| Conditional, aorist | menkerpeslenmez esemif I won't perk up | senkerpeslenmez eseŋif you won't perk up | olkerpeslenmez eseif he won't perk up | bizkerpeslenmez esekif we won't perk up | sizkerpeslenmez esegizif you all won't perk up | alakerpeslenmez eseleif they won't perk up |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menkerpeslennik esem4kerpeslenirik esemif I am going to perk up | senkerpeslennik eseŋ4kerpeslenirik eseŋif you are going to perk up | olkerpeslennik ese4kerpeslenirik eseif he is going to perk up | bizkerpeslennik esek4kerpeslenirik esekif we are going to perk up | sizkerpeslennik esegiz4kerpeslenirik esegizif you all are going to perk up | alakerpeslennik esele4kerpeslenirik eseleif they are going to perk up |
| Conditional, future | menkerpeslennik tül esem4kerpeslenirik tül esemif I am not going to perk up | senkerpeslennik tül eseŋ4kerpeslenirik tül eseŋif you are not going to perk up | olkerpeslennik tül ese4kerpeslenirik tül eseif he is not going to perk up | bizkerpeslennik tül esek4kerpeslenirik tül esekif we are not going to perk up | sizkerpeslennik tül esegiz4kerpeslenirik tül esegizif you all are not going to perk up | alakerpeslennik tül esele4kerpeslenirik tül eseleif they are not going to perk up |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkerpeslennik bolsam5kerpeslenirik bolsamif I were going to perk up | senkerpeslennik bolsaŋ5kerpeslenirik bolsaŋif you were going to perk up | olkerpeslennik bolsa5kerpeslenirik bolsaif he were going to perk up | bizkerpeslennik bolsaq5kerpeslenirik bolsaqif we were going to perk up | sizkerpeslennik bolsağız5kerpeslenirik bolsağızif you all were going to perk up | alakerpeslennik bolsala5kerpeslenirik bolsalaif they were going to perk up |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkerpeslenmezlik bolsamif I were not going to perk up | senkerpeslenmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to perk up | olkerpeslenmezlik bolsaif he were not going to perk up | bizkerpeslenmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to perk up | sizkerpeslenmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to perk up | alakerpeslenmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to perk up |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso kerpeslendiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so kerpeslenirik ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so kerpeslenirik bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkerpeslene bolurmaI must be perking up | senkerpeslene bolursayou must be perking up | olkerpeslene bolurhe must be perking up | bizkerpeslene bolurbuzwe must be perking up | sizkerpeslene bolursuzyou all must be perking up | alakerpeslene bolurlathey must be perking up |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkerpeslenmey bolurmaI must not be perking up | senkerpeslenmey bolursayou must not be perking up | olkerpeslenmey bolurhe must not be perking up | bizkerpeslenmey bolurbuzwe must not be perking up | sizkerpeslenmey bolursuzyou all must not be perking up | alakerpeslenmey bolurlathey must not be perking up |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkerpeslene tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of perking up | senkerpeslene tura bolursayou must be in the middle of perking up | olkerpeslene tura bolurhe must be in the middle of perking up | bizkerpeslene tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of perking up | sizkerpeslene tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of perking up | alakerpeslene tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of perking up |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkerpeslenmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not perking up | senkerpeslenmey tura bolursayou must keep on not perking up | olkerpeslenmey tura bolurhe must keep on not perking up | bizkerpeslenmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not perking up | sizkerpeslenmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not perking up | alakerpeslenmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not perking up |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menkerpeslenŋen bolurmaI must have perked up | senkerpeslenŋen bolursayou must have perked up | olkerpeslenŋen bolurhe must have perked up | bizkerpeslenŋen bolurbuzwe must have perked up | sizkerpeslenŋen bolursuzyou all must have perked up | alakerpeslenŋen bolurlathey must have perked up |
| Inference (must have) | menkerpeslenmegen bolurmaI must not have perked up | senkerpeslenmegen bolursayou must not have perked up | olkerpeslenmegen bolurhe must not have perked up | bizkerpeslenmegen bolurbuzwe must not have perked up | sizkerpeslenmegen bolursuzyou all must not have perked up | alakerpeslenmegen bolurlathey must not have perked up |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkerpeslennik bolurma6kerpeslenirik bolurmaI must be going to perk up | senkerpeslennik bolursa6kerpeslenirik bolursayou must be going to perk up | olkerpeslennik bolur6kerpeslenirik bolurhe must be going to perk up | bizkerpeslennik bolurbuz6kerpeslenirik bolurbuzwe must be going to perk up | sizkerpeslennik bolursuz6kerpeslenirik bolursuzyou all must be going to perk up | alakerpeslennik bolurla6kerpeslenirik bolurlathey must be going to perk up |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkerpeslenmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to perk up | senkerpeslenmezlik bolursayou must not be going to perk up | olkerpeslenmezlik bolurhe must not be going to perk up | bizkerpeslenmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to perk up | sizkerpeslenmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to perk up | alakerpeslenmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to perk up |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so kerpeslenirik bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menkerpesleneyimlet me perk up | senkerpeslen!perk up! | olkerpeslensinlet him perk up | bizkerpesleneyiklet's perk up | sizkerpeslenigiz!perk up, you all! | alakerpeslensinlelet them perk up |
| Commands & suggestions | menkerpeslenmeyimlet me not perk up | senkerpeslenme!don't perk up! | olkerpeslenmesinlet him not perk up | bizkerpeslenmeyiklet's not perk up | sizkerpeslenmegiz!don't perk up, you all! | alakerpeslenmesinlelet them not perk up |
| Commands & suggestions | menkerpesleneyimmi?shall I perk up? | olkerpeslensinmi?should he perk up? | bizkerpesleneyikmi?shall we perk up? | alakerpeslensinlemi?should they perk up? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menkerpeslenmeyimmi?shall I not perk up? | olkerpeslenmesinmi?should he not perk up? | bizkerpeslenmeyikmi?shall we not perk up? | alakerpeslenmesinlemi?should they not perk up? | ||
| Requests | senkerpeslençi7kerpeslençinplease perk up | olkerpeslensinçido let him perk up | sizkerpeslençigizplease perk up (plural/polite) | alakerpeslensinleçido let them perk up | ||
| Requests | senkerpeslenmeçi7kerpeslenmeçinplease don't perk up | olkerpeslenmesinçido let him not perk up | sizkerpeslenmeçigizplease don't perk up (plural/polite) | alakerpeslenmesinleçido let them not perk up | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkerpeslenŋinkerpeslenŋimay you perk up | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkerpeslenmeginkerpeslenmegimay you not perk up | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkerpeslenŋey edim kerpeslenŋe edimwould that I perked up | senkerpeslenŋey ediŋ kerpeslenŋe ediŋwould that you perked up | olkerpeslenŋey edi kerpeslenŋe ediwould that he perked up | bizkerpeslenŋey edik kerpeslenŋe edikwould that we perked up | sizkerpeslenŋey edigiz kerpeslenŋe edigizwould that you all perked up | alakerpeslenŋey edile kerpeslenŋe edilewould that they perked up |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkerpeslenmegey edim kerpeslenmege edimwould that I did not perk up | senkerpeslenmegey ediŋ kerpeslenmege ediŋwould that you did not perk up | olkerpeslenmegey edi kerpeslenmege ediwould that he did not perk up | bizkerpeslenmegey edik kerpeslenmege edikwould that we did not perk up | sizkerpeslenmegey edigiz kerpeslenmege edigizwould that you all did not perk up | alakerpeslenmegey edile kerpeslenmege edilewould that they did not perk up |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkerpeslenmege qoyayımkerpeslenme qoyayımlet me allow someone to perk up | senkerpeslenmege qoy!kerpeslenme qoy!let someone perk up! | olkerpeslenmege qoysunkerpeslenme qoysunlet him allow someone to perk up | bizkerpeslenmege qoyayıqkerpeslenme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to perk up | sizkerpeslenmege qoyuğuz!kerpeslenme qoyuğuz!let someone perk up, you all! | alakerpeslenmege qoysunlakerpeslenme qoysunlalet them allow someone to perk up |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkerpeslenmege qoymayımkerpeslenme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to perk up | senkerpeslenmege qoyma!kerpeslenme qoyma!don't let someone perk up! | olkerpeslenmege qoymasınkerpeslenme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to perk up | bizkerpeslenmege qoymayıqkerpeslenme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to perk up | sizkerpeslenmege qoymağız!kerpeslenme qoymağız!don't let someone perk up, you all! | alakerpeslenmege qoymasınlakerpeslenme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to perk up |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkerpeslenmege qoyayımmı?kerpeslenme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to perk up? | olkerpeslenmege qoysunmu?kerpeslenme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to perk up? | bizkerpeslenmege qoyayıqmı?kerpeslenme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to perk up? | alakerpeslenmege qoysunlamı?kerpeslenme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to perk up? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkerpeslenmege qoymayımmı?kerpeslenme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to perk up? | olkerpeslenmege qoymasınmı?kerpeslenme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to perk up? | bizkerpeslenmege qoymayıqmı?kerpeslenme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to perk up? | alakerpeslenmege qoymasınlamı?kerpeslenme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to perk up? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menkerpeslenmege qoyamakerpeslenme qoyamaI allow someone to perk up | senkerpeslenmege qoyasakerpeslenme qoyasayou allow someone to perk up | olkerpeslenmege qoyadıkerpeslenme qoyadıhe allows someone to perk up | bizkerpeslenmege qoyabızkerpeslenme qoyabızwe allow someone to perk up | sizkerpeslenmege qoyasızkerpeslenme qoyasızyou all allow someone to perk up | alakerpeslenmege qoyadılakerpeslenme qoyadılathey allow someone to perk up |
| Let someone… (present) | menkerpeslenmege qoymaymakerpeslenme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to perk up | senkerpeslenmege qoymaysakerpeslenme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to perk up | olkerpeslenmege qoymaydıkerpeslenme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to perk up | bizkerpeslenmege qoymaybızkerpeslenme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to perk up | sizkerpeslenmege qoymaysızkerpeslenme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to perk up | alakerpeslenmege qoymaydılakerpeslenme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to perk up |
| Let someone… (present) | menkerpeslenmege qoyamamı?kerpeslenme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to perk up? | senkerpeslenmege qoyamısa?kerpeslenme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to perk up? | olkerpeslenmege qoyamıdı?kerpeslenme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to perk up? | bizkerpeslenmege qoyabızmı?kerpeslenme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to perk up? | sizkerpeslenmege qoyamısız?kerpeslenme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to perk up? | alakerpeslenmege qoyamıdıla?kerpeslenme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to perk up? |
| Let someone… (present) | menkerpeslenmege qoymaymamı?kerpeslenme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to perk up? | senkerpeslenmege qoymaymısa?kerpeslenme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to perk up? | olkerpeslenmege qoymaymıdı?kerpeslenme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to perk up? | bizkerpeslenmege qoymaybızmı?kerpeslenme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to perk up? | sizkerpeslenmege qoymaymısız?kerpeslenme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to perk up? | alakerpeslenmege qoymaymıdıla?kerpeslenme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to perk up? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkerpeslenmege qoydumkerpeslenme qoydumI allowed someone to perk up | senkerpeslenmege qoyduŋkerpeslenme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to perk up | olkerpeslenmege qoydukerpeslenme qoyduhe allowed someone to perk up | bizkerpeslenmege qoyduqkerpeslenme qoyduqwe allowed someone to perk up | sizkerpeslenmege qoyduğuzkerpeslenme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to perk up | alakerpeslenmege qoydulakerpeslenme qoydulathey allowed someone to perk up |
| Let someone… (past) | menkerpeslenmege qoymadımkerpeslenme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to perk up | senkerpeslenmege qoymadıŋkerpeslenme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to perk up | olkerpeslenmege qoymadıkerpeslenme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to perk up | bizkerpeslenmege qoymadıqkerpeslenme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to perk up | sizkerpeslenmege qoymadığızkerpeslenme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to perk up | alakerpeslenmege qoymadılakerpeslenme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to perk up |
| Let someone… (past) | menkerpeslenmege qoydummu?kerpeslenme qoydummu?did I allow someone to perk up? | senkerpeslenmege qoyduŋmu?kerpeslenme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to perk up? | olkerpeslenmege qoydumu?kerpeslenme qoydumu?did he allow someone to perk up? | bizkerpeslenmege qoyduqmu?kerpeslenme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to perk up? | sizkerpeslenmege qoyduğuzmu?kerpeslenme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to perk up? | alakerpeslenmege qoydulamı?kerpeslenme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to perk up? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkerpeslenmege qoymadımmı?kerpeslenme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to perk up? | senkerpeslenmege qoymadıŋmı?kerpeslenme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to perk up? | olkerpeslenmege qoymadımı?kerpeslenme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to perk up? | bizkerpeslenmege qoymadıqmı?kerpeslenme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to perk up? | sizkerpeslenmege qoymadığızmı?kerpeslenme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to perk up? | alakerpeslenmege qoymadılamı?kerpeslenme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to perk up? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menkerpeslenalamaI can perk up | senkerpeslenalasayou can perk up | olkerpeslenaladıhe can perk up | bizkerpeslenalabızwe can perk up | sizkerpeslenalasızyou all can perk up | alakerpeslenaladılathey can perk up |
| Ability — present | menkerpeslenalmaymaI can't perk up | senkerpeslenalmaysayou can't perk up | olkerpeslenalmaydıhe can't perk up | bizkerpeslenalmaybızwe can't perk up | sizkerpeslenalmaysızyou all can't perk up | alakerpeslenalmaydılathey can't perk up |
| Ability — present | menkerpeslenalamamı? kerpeslenalamıma?can I perk up? | senkerpeslenalamısa?can you perk up? | olkerpeslenalamıdı?can he perk up? | bizkerpeslenalabızmı? kerpeslenalamıbız?can we perk up? | sizkerpeslenalamısız?can you all perk up? | alakerpeslenalamıdıla?can they perk up? |
| Ability — present | menkerpeslenalmaymamı? kerpeslenalmaymıma?can't I perk up? | senkerpeslenalmaymısa?can't you perk up? | olkerpeslenalmaymıdı?can't he perk up? | bizkerpeslenalmaybızmı? kerpeslenalmaymıbız?can't we perk up? | sizkerpeslenalmaymısız?can't you all perk up? | alakerpeslenalmaymıdıla?can't they perk up? |
| Ability — if I can… | menkerpeslenalsamif I can perk up | senkerpeslenalsaŋif you can perk up | olkerpeslenalsaif he can perk up | bizkerpeslenalsaqif we can perk up | sizkerpeslenalsağızif you all can perk up | alakerpeslenalsalaif they can perk up |
| Ability — if I can… | menkerpeslenalmasamif I can't perk up | senkerpeslenalmasaŋif you can't perk up | olkerpeslenalmasaif he can't perk up | bizkerpeslenalmasaqif we can't perk up | sizkerpeslenalmasağızif you all can't perk up | alakerpeslenalmasalaif they can't perk up |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menkerpeslenaldımI was able to perk up | senkerpeslenaldıŋyou were able to perk up | olkerpeslenaldıhe was able to perk up | bizkerpeslenaldıqwe were able to perk up | sizkerpeslenaldığızyou all were able to perk up | alakerpeslenaldılathey were able to perk up |
| Ability — simple past | menkerpeslenalmadımI could not perk up | senkerpeslenalmadıŋyou could not perk up | olkerpeslenalmadıhe could not perk up | bizkerpeslenalmadıqwe could not perk up | sizkerpeslenalmadığızyou all could not perk up | alakerpeslenalmadılathey could not perk up |
| Ability — simple past | menkerpeslenaldımmı?was I able to perk up? | senkerpeslenaldıŋmı?were you able to perk up? | olkerpeslenaldımı?was he able to perk up? | bizkerpeslenaldıqmı?were we able to perk up? | sizkerpeslenaldığızmı?were you all able to perk up? | alakerpeslenaldılamı?were they able to perk up? |
| Ability — simple past | menkerpeslenalmadımmı?couldn't I perk up? | senkerpeslenalmadıŋmı?couldn't you perk up? | olkerpeslenalmadımı?couldn't he perk up? | bizkerpeslenalmadıqmı?couldn't we perk up? | sizkerpeslenalmadığızmı?couldn't you all perk up? | alakerpeslenalmadılamı?couldn't they perk up? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkerpeslenalğanmaI have been able to perk up | senkerpeslenalğansayou have been able to perk up | olkerpeslenalğandıhe has been able to perk up | bizkerpeslenalğanbızwe have been able to perk up | sizkerpeslenalğansızyou all have been able to perk up | alakerpeslenalğandılathey have been able to perk up |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkerpeslenalmağanmaI haven't been able to perk up | senkerpeslenalmağansayou haven't been able to perk up | olkerpeslenalmağandıhe hasn't been able to perk up | bizkerpeslenalmağanbızwe haven't been able to perk up | sizkerpeslenalmağansızyou all haven't been able to perk up | alakerpeslenalmağandılathey haven't been able to perk up |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkerpeslenalğanmamı? kerpeslenalğanmıma?have I been able to perk up? | senkerpeslenalğanmısa?have you been able to perk up? | olkerpeslenalğanmıdı?has he been able to perk up? | bizkerpeslenalğanbızmı? kerpeslenalğanmıbız?have we been able to perk up? | sizkerpeslenalğanmısız?have you all been able to perk up? | alakerpeslenalğanmıdıla?have they been able to perk up? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkerpeslenalmağanmamı? kerpeslenalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to perk up? | senkerpeslenalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to perk up? | olkerpeslenalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to perk up? | bizkerpeslenalmağanbızmı? kerpeslenalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to perk up? | sizkerpeslenalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to perk up? | alakerpeslenalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to perk up? |
| Ability — past perfect | menkerpeslenalğan edimkerpeslenalğanemI had been able to perk up | senkerpeslenalğan ediŋkerpeslenalğaneŋyou had been able to perk up | olkerpeslenalğan edikerpeslenalğanedhe had been able to perk up | bizkerpeslenalğan edikkerpeslenalğanekwe had been able to perk up | sizkerpeslenalğan edigizkerpeslenalğanegizyou all had been able to perk up | alakerpeslenalğan edilekerpeslenalğanellethey had been able to perk up |
| Ability — past perfect | menkerpeslenalmağan edimkerpeslenalmağanemI hadn't been able to perk up | senkerpeslenalmağan ediŋkerpeslenalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to perk up | olkerpeslenalmağan edikerpeslenalmağanedhe hadn't been able to perk up | bizkerpeslenalmağan edikkerpeslenalmağanekwe hadn't been able to perk up | sizkerpeslenalmağan edigizkerpeslenalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to perk up | alakerpeslenalmağan edilekerpeslenalmağanellethey hadn't been able to perk up |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menkerpeslenala edimkerpeslenalaemI could perk up | senkerpeslenala ediŋkerpeslenalaeŋyou could perk up | olkerpeslenala edikerpeslenalaedhe could perk up | bizkerpeslenala edikkerpeslenalaekwe could perk up | sizkerpeslenala edigizkerpeslenalaegizyou all could perk up | alakerpeslenala edilekerpeslenalaellethey could perk up |
| Ability — past background | menkerpeslenalmay edimkerpeslenalmayemI could not perk up | senkerpeslenalmay ediŋkerpeslenalmayeŋyou could not perk up | olkerpeslenalmay edikerpeslenalmayedhe could not perk up | bizkerpeslenalmay edikkerpeslenalmayekwe could not perk up | sizkerpeslenalmay edigizkerpeslenalmayegizyou all could not perk up | alakerpeslenalmay edilekerpeslenalmayellethey could not perk up |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menkerpeslenalırmaI will be able to perk up | senkerpeslenalırsayou will be able to perk up | olkerpeslenalırhe will be able to perk up | bizkerpeslenalırbızwe will be able to perk up | sizkerpeslenalırsızyou all will be able to perk up | alakerpeslenalırlathey will be able to perk up |
| Ability — future I | menkerpeslenalmazmaI won't be able to perk up | senkerpeslenalmazsayou won't be able to perk up | olkerpeslenalmazhe won't be able to perk up | bizkerpeslenalmazbızwe won't be able to perk up | sizkerpeslenalmazsızyou all won't be able to perk up | alakerpeslenalmazlathey won't be able to perk up |
| Ability — future I | menkerpeslenalırmamı? kerpeslenalırmıma?will I be able to perk up? | senkerpeslenalırmısa?will you be able to perk up? | olkerpeslenalırmı?will he be able to perk up? | bizkerpeslenalırbızmı? kerpeslenalırmıbız?will we be able to perk up? | sizkerpeslenalırmısız?will you all be able to perk up? | alakerpeslenalırlamı? kerpeslenalırmıla?will they be able to perk up? |
| Ability — future I | menkerpeslenalmazmamı? kerpeslenalmazmıma?won't I be able to perk up? | senkerpeslenalmazmısa?won't you be able to perk up? | olkerpeslenalmazmı?won't he be able to perk up? | bizkerpeslenalmazbızmı? kerpeslenalmazmıbız?won't we be able to perk up? | sizkerpeslenalmazmısız?won't you all be able to perk up? | alakerpeslenalmazlamı? kerpeslenalmazmıla?won't they be able to perk up? |
| Ability — future II | menkerpeslenallıqmaI am going to be able to perk up | senkerpeslenallıqsayou are going to be able to perk up | olkerpeslenallıqdıhe is going to be able to perk up | bizkerpeslenallıqbızwe are going to be able to perk up | sizkerpeslenallıqsızyou all are going to be able to perk up | alakerpeslenallıqdılathey are going to be able to perk up |
| Ability — future II | menkerpeslenallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to perk up | senkerpeslenallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to perk up | olkerpeslenallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to perk up | bizkerpeslenallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to perk up | sizkerpeslenallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to perk up | alakerpeslenallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to perk up |
| Ability — future II | menkerpeslenallıqmamı? kerpeslenallıqmıma?am I going to be able to perk up? | senkerpeslenallıqmısa?are you going to be able to perk up? | olkerpeslenallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to perk up? | bizkerpeslenallıqbızmı? kerpeslenallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to perk up? | sizkerpeslenallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to perk up? | alakerpeslenallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to perk up? |
| Ability — future II | menkerpeslenallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to perk up? | senkerpeslenallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to perk up? | olkerpeslenallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to perk up? | bizkerpeslenallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to perk up? | sizkerpeslenallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to perk up? | alakerpeslenallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to perk up? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkerpeslenalır edimkerpeslenalır emI would be able to perk up | senkerpeslenalır ediŋkerpeslenalır eŋyou would be able to perk up | olkerpeslenalır edikerpeslenalır edhe would be able to perk up | bizkerpeslenalır edikkerpeslenalır ekwe would be able to perk up | sizkerpeslenalır edigizkerpeslenalır egizyou all would be able to perk up | alakerpeslenalır edilekerpeslenalır ellethey would be able to perk up |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkerpeslenalmaz edimkerpeslenalmaz emI wouldn't be able to perk up | senkerpeslenalmaz ediŋkerpeslenalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to perk up | olkerpeslenalmaz edikerpeslenalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to perk up | bizkerpeslenalmaz edikkerpeslenalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to perk up | sizkerpeslenalmaz edigizkerpeslenalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to perk up | alakerpeslenalmaz edilekerpeslenalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to perk up |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkerpeslenalğınkerpeslenalğımay you be able to perk up | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkerpeslenalmağınkerpeslenalmağımay you not be able to perk up | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menkerpeslenirge izleymeI want to perk up | senkerpeslenirge izleyseyou want to perk up | olkerpeslenirge izleydihe wants to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge izleybizwe want to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge izleysizyou all want to perk up | alakerpeslenirge izleydilethey want to perk up |
| want to | menkerpeslenirge izlemeymeI do not want to perk up | senkerpeslenirge izlemeyseyou do not want to perk up | olkerpeslenirge izlemeydihe does not want to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge izlemeybizwe do not want to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to perk up | alakerpeslenirge izlemeydilethey do not want to perk up |
| would like to | menkerpeslenirge süemeI would like to perk up | senkerpeslenirge süeseyou would like to perk up | olkerpeslenirge süedihe would like to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge süebizwe would like to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge süesizyou all would like to perk up | alakerpeslenirge süedilethey would like to perk up |
| would like to | menkerpeslenirge süymeymeI would not like to perk up | senkerpeslenirge süymeyseyou would not like to perk up | olkerpeslenirge süymeydihe would not like to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge süymeybizwe would not like to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge süymeysizyou all would not like to perk up | alakerpeslenirge süymeydilethey would not like to perk up |
| hope to | menkerpeslenirge umutlanamaI hope to perk up | senkerpeslenirge umutlanasayou hope to perk up | olkerpeslenirge umutlanadıhe hopes to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge umutlanabızwe hope to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge umutlanasızyou all hope to perk up | alakerpeslenirge umutlanadılathey hope to perk up |
| hope to | menkerpeslenirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to perk up | senkerpeslenirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to perk up | olkerpeslenirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to perk up | alakerpeslenirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to perk up |
| be about to | menkerpeslenirge deb turamaI am about to perk up | senkerpeslenirge deb turasayou are about to perk up | olkerpeslenirge deb turadıhe is about to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge deb turabızwe are about to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge deb turasızyou all are about to perk up | alakerpeslenirge deb turadılathey are about to perk up |
| be about to | menkerpeslenirge deb turmaymaI am not about to perk up | senkerpeslenirge deb turmaysayou are not about to perk up | olkerpeslenirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to perk up | alakerpeslenirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to perk up |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menkerpeslenirge kerekmeI need to perk up | senkerpeslenirge kerekseyou need to perk up | olkerpeslenirge kerekdihe needs to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge kerekbizwe need to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge kereksizyou all need to perk up | alakerpeslenirge kerekdilethey need to perk up |
| need to | menkerpeslenirge kerek tülmeI do not need to perk up | senkerpeslenirge kerek tülseyou do not need to perk up | olkerpeslenirge kerek tüldühe does not need to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to perk up | alakerpeslenirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to perk up |
| have to | menmenŋe kerpeslenirge tüşediI have to perk up | sensenŋe kerpeslenirge tüşediyou have to perk up | olaŋa kerpeslenirge tüşedihe has to perk up | bizbizge kerpeslenirge tüşediwe have to perk up | sizsizge kerpeslenirge tüşediyou all have to perk up | alaalağa kerpeslenirge tüşedithey have to perk up |
| have to | menmenŋe kerpeslenirge tüşmeydiI do not have to perk up | sensenŋe kerpeslenirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to perk up | olaŋa kerpeslenirge tüşmeydihe does not have to perk up | bizbizge kerpeslenirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to perk up | sizsizge kerpeslenirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to perk up | alaalağa kerpeslenirge tüşmeydithey do not have to perk up |
| be obliged to | menkerpeslenirge borçlumaI am obliged to perk up | senkerpeslenirge borçlusayou are obliged to perk up | olkerpeslenirge borçluduhe is obliged to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to perk up | alakerpeslenirge borçludulathey are obliged to perk up |
| be obliged to | menkerpeslenirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to perk up | senkerpeslenirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to perk up | olkerpeslenirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to perk up | alakerpeslenirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to perk up |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menkerpeslenirge madarım bardıI have a way to perk up | senkerpeslenirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to perk up | olkerpeslenirge madarı bardıhe has a way to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to perk up | alakerpeslenirge madarları bardıthey have a way to perk up |
| have a way to | menkerpeslenirge madarım joqduI have no way to perk up | senkerpeslenirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to perk up | olkerpeslenirge madarı joqduhe has no way to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to perk up | alakerpeslenirge madarları joqduthey have no way to perk up |
| be free to | menkerpeslenirge erkinligim bardıI am free to perk up | senkerpeslenirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to perk up | olkerpeslenirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to perk up | alakerpeslenirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to perk up |
| be free to | menkerpeslenirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to perk up | senkerpeslenirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to perk up | olkerpeslenirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to perk up | alakerpeslenirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to perk up |
| be possible to | menmenŋe kerpeslenirge bolluqduit is possible for me to perk up | sensenŋe kerpeslenirge bolluqduit is possible for you to perk up | olaŋa kerpeslenirge bolluqduit is possible for him to perk up | bizbizge kerpeslenirge bolluqduit is possible for us to perk up | sizsizge kerpeslenirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to perk up | alaalağa kerpeslenirge bolluqduit is possible for them to perk up |
| be possible to | menmenŋe kerpeslenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to perk up | sensenŋe kerpeslenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to perk up | olaŋa kerpeslenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to perk up | bizbizge kerpeslenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to perk up | sizsizge kerpeslenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to perk up | alaalağa kerpeslenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to perk up |
| be ready to | menkerpeslenirge hazırmaI am ready to perk up | senkerpeslenirge hazırsayou are ready to perk up | olkerpeslenirge hazırdıhe is ready to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge hazırbızwe are ready to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge hazırsızyou all are ready to perk up | alakerpeslenirge hazırdılathey are ready to perk up |
| be ready to | menkerpeslenirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to perk up | senkerpeslenirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to perk up | olkerpeslenirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to perk up | alakerpeslenirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to perk up |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menkerpeslenirge küreşemeI am trying to perk up | senkerpeslenirge küreşeseyou are trying to perk up | olkerpeslenirge küreşedihe is trying to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge küreşebizwe are trying to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge küreşesizyou all are trying to perk up | alakerpeslenirge küreşedilethey are trying to perk up |
| try to | menkerpeslenirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to perk up | senkerpeslenirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to perk up | olkerpeslenirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to perk up | alakerpeslenirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to perk up |
| agree to | menkerpeslenirge unaymaI agree to perk up | senkerpeslenirge unaysayou agree to perk up | olkerpeslenirge unaydıhe agrees to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge unaybızwe agree to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge unaysızyou all agree to perk up | alakerpeslenirge unaydılathey agree to perk up |
| agree to | menkerpeslenirge unamaymaI refuse to perk up | senkerpeslenirge unamaysayou refuse to perk up | olkerpeslenirge unamaydıhe refuses to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge unamaybızwe refuse to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge unamaysızyou all refuse to perk up | alakerpeslenirge unamaydılathey refuse to perk up |
| hurry to | menkerpeslenirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to perk up | senkerpeslenirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to perk up | olkerpeslenirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to perk up | alakerpeslenirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to perk up |
| hurry to | menkerpeslenirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to perk up | senkerpeslenirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to perk up | olkerpeslenirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to perk up | alakerpeslenirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to perk up |
| be afraid to | menkerpeslenirge qorqamaI am afraid to perk up | senkerpeslenirge qorqasayou are afraid to perk up | olkerpeslenirge qorqadıhe is afraid to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge qorqabızwe are afraid to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to perk up | alakerpeslenirge qorqadılathey are afraid to perk up |
| be afraid to | menkerpeslenirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to perk up | senkerpeslenirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to perk up | olkerpeslenirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to perk up | bizkerpeslenirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to perk up | sizkerpeslenirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to perk up | alakerpeslenirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to perk up |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menkerpeslene bolmazmaI can't be perking up | senkerpeslene bolmazsayou can't be perking up | olkerpeslene bolmazhe can't be perking up | bizkerpeslene bolmazbızwe can't be perking up | sizkerpeslene bolmazsızyou all can't be perking up | alakerpeslene bolmazlathey can't be perking up |
| Inference, present — double negation | menkerpeslenmey bolmazmaI must be perking up (emphatic) | senkerpeslenmey bolmazsayou must be perking up (emphatic) | olkerpeslenmey bolmazhe must be perking up (emphatic) | bizkerpeslenmey bolmazbızwe must be perking up (emphatic) | sizkerpeslenmey bolmazsızyou all must be perking up (emphatic) | alakerpeslenmey bolmazlathey must be perking up (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menkerpeslene turmasamif I don't keep perking up | senkerpeslene turmasaŋif you don't keep perking up | olkerpeslene turmasaif he doesn't keep perking up | bizkerpeslene turmasaqif we don't keep perking up | sizkerpeslene turmasağızif you all don't keep perking up | alakerpeslene turmasalaif they don't keep perking up |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menkerpeslene tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of perking up | senkerpeslene tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of perking up | olkerpeslene tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of perking up | bizkerpeslene tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of perking up | sizkerpeslene tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of perking up | alakerpeslene tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of perking up |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menkerpeslenmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not perking up (emphatic) | senkerpeslenmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not perking up (emphatic) | olkerpeslenmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not perking up (emphatic) | bizkerpeslenmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not perking up (emphatic) | sizkerpeslenmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not perking up (emphatic) | alakerpeslenmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not perking up (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menkerpeslenmey turamaI keep on not perking up | senkerpeslenmey turasayou keep on not perking up | olkerpeslenmey turadıhe keeps on not perking up | bizkerpeslenmey turabızwe keep on not perking up | sizkerpeslenmey turasızyou all keep on not perking up | alakerpeslenmey turadılathey keep on not perking up |
| Progressive — double negation | menkerpeslenmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not perking up | senkerpeslenmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not perking up | olkerpeslenmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not perking up | bizkerpeslenmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not perking up | sizkerpeslenmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not perking up | alakerpeslenmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not perking up |
| Progressive — double negation | menkerpeslenmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not perking up? | senkerpeslenmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not perking up? | olkerpeslenmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not perking up? | bizkerpeslenmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not perking up? | sizkerpeslenmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not perking up? | alakerpeslenmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not perking up? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menkerpeslenŋen bolmazmaI can't have perked up | senkerpeslenŋen bolmazsayou can't have perked up | olkerpeslenŋen bolmazhe can't have perked up | bizkerpeslenŋen bolmazbızwe can't have perked up | sizkerpeslenŋen bolmazsızyou all can't have perked up | alakerpeslenŋen bolmazlathey can't have perked up |
| Inference — double negation | menkerpeslenmegen bolmazmaI must have perked up (emphatic) | senkerpeslenmegen bolmazsayou must have perked up (emphatic) | olkerpeslenmegen bolmazhe must have perked up (emphatic) | bizkerpeslenmegen bolmazbızwe must have perked up (emphatic) | sizkerpeslenmegen bolmazsızyou all must have perked up (emphatic) | alakerpeslenmegen bolmazlathey must have perked up (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menkerpeslenŋen bolmasamif it weren't that I had perked up | senkerpeslenŋen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had perked up | olkerpeslenŋen bolmasaif it weren't that he had perked up | bizkerpeslenŋen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had perked up | sizkerpeslenŋen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had perked up | alakerpeslenŋen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had perked up |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menkerpeslenmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't perked up | senkerpeslenmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't perked up | olkerpeslenmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't perked up | bizkerpeslenmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't perked up | sizkerpeslenmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't perked up | alakerpeslenmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't perked up |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menkerpeslennik bolmazmaI can't be going to perk up | senkerpeslennik bolmazsayou can't be going to perk up | olkerpeslennik bolmazhe can't be going to perk up | bizkerpeslennik bolmazbızwe can't be going to perk up | sizkerpeslennik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to perk up | alakerpeslennik bolmazlathey can't be going to perk up |
| Inference, future — double negation | menkerpeslenmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to perk up (emphatic) | senkerpeslenmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to perk up (emphatic) | olkerpeslenmezlik bolmazhe must be going to perk up (emphatic) | bizkerpeslenmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to perk up (emphatic) | sizkerpeslenmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to perk up (emphatic) | alakerpeslenmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to perk up (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menkerpeslennik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to perk up | senkerpeslennik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to perk up | olkerpeslennik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to perk up | bizkerpeslennik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to perk up | sizkerpeslennik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to perk up | alakerpeslennik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to perk up |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menkerpeslenmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to perk up | senkerpeslenmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to perk up | olkerpeslenmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to perk up | bizkerpeslenmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to perk up | sizkerpeslenmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to perk up | alakerpeslenmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to perk up |