jügünürge
/dʒyɡynyrɡe/
1. beg, implore, plead with someone
- hanŋa jügünürge — to implore the khan
- atasına jügündü — he begged his father
- qızı anasına jügünedi — the daughter is pleading with her mother
- senŋe jügüneme — I am begging you
2. make a vow, promise — What is vowed usually comes before the verb as an infinitive, as in mal keserge jügünürge "vow to slaughter an animal".
- mal keserge jügünürge — to vow to slaughter an animal
- qurman eterge jügünürge — to vow to make a sacrifice
- men qoy keserge jügündüm — I vowed to slaughter a sheep
- qurman eterge jügündü — he vowed to make a sacrifice
- ol qoy keserge jügündü — he vowed to slaughter a sheep
3. strain, bear down (in childbirth)
- ana küçü bla jügündü — the mother bore down with her strength
Conjugation
Common forms
- jügünedihe is begging
- jügündühe begged
- jügünŋendihe has begged
- jügünürhe will beg
- jügünnükdühe is going to beg
- jügüne edihe was begging
- jügünseif he begs
- jügün!beg!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjügünemeI am begging | senjügüneseyou are begging | oljügünedihe is begging | bizjügünebizwe are begging | sizjügünesizyou all are begging | alajügünedilethey are begging |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjügünmeymeI am not begging | senjügünmeyseyou are not begging | oljügünmeydihe is not begging | bizjügünmeybizwe are not begging | sizjügünmeysizyou all are not begging | alajügünmeydilethey are not begging |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjügünememi? jügünemime?am I begging? | senjügünemise?are you begging? | oljügünemidi?is he begging? | bizjügünebizmi? jügünemibiz?are we begging? | sizjügünemisiz?are you all begging? | alajügünemidile?are they begging? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjügünmeymemi? jügünmeymime?aren't I begging? | senjügünmeymise?aren't you begging? | oljügünmeymidi?isn't he begging? | bizjügünmeybizmi? jügünmeymibiz?aren't we begging? | sizjügünmeymisiz?aren't you all begging? | alajügünmeymidile?aren't they begging? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjügünüwçenmeI usually beg | senjügünüwçenseyou usually beg | oljügünüwçendihe usually begs | bizjügünüwçenbizwe usually beg | sizjügünüwçensizyou all usually beg | alajügünüwçendilethey usually beg |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjügünmewçenmeI usually don't beg | senjügünmewçenseyou usually don't beg | oljügünmewçendihe usually doesn't beg | bizjügünmewçenbizwe usually don't beg | sizjügünmewçensizyou all usually don't beg | alajügünmewçendilethey usually don't beg |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjügünüwçenmemi? jügünüwçenmime?do I usually beg? | senjügünüwçenmise?do you usually beg? | oljügünüwçenmidi?does he usually beg? | bizjügünüwçenbizmi? jügünüwçenmibiz?do we usually beg? | sizjügünüwçenmisiz?do you all usually beg? | alajügünüwçenmidile?do they usually beg? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjügünmewçenmemi? jügünmewçenmime?do I usually not beg? | senjügünmewçenmise?do you usually not beg? | oljügünmewçenmidi?does he usually not beg? | bizjügünmewçenbizmi? jügünmewçenmibiz?do we usually not beg? | sizjügünmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not beg? | alajügünmewçenmidile?do they usually not beg? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljügünübdühe has begged and remains so | alajügünübdülethey have begged and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljügünübmüdü?has he begged? | alajügünübmüdüle?have they begged? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjügünüb turamaI keep begging | senjügünüb turasayou keep begging | oljügünüb turadıhe keeps begging | bizjügünüb turabızwe keep begging | sizjügünüb turasızyou all keep begging | alajügünüb turadılathey keep begging |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjügünüb turmaymaI don't keep begging | senjügünüb turmaysayou don't keep begging | oljügünüb turmaydıhe doesn't keep begging | bizjügünüb turmaybızwe don't keep begging | sizjügünüb turmaysızyou all don't keep begging | alajügünüb turmaydılathey don't keep begging |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjügünüb turamamı? jügünüb turamıma?do I keep begging? | senjügünüb turamısa?do you keep begging? | oljügünüb turamıdı?does he keep begging? | bizjügünüb turabızmı? jügünüb turamıbız?do we keep begging? | sizjügünüb turamısız?do you all keep begging? | alajügünüb turamıdıla?do they keep begging? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjügünüb turmaymamı? jügünüb turmaymıma?don't I keep begging? | senjügünüb turmaymısa?don't you keep begging? | oljügünüb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep begging? | bizjügünüb turmaybızmı? jügünüb turmaymıbız?don't we keep begging? | sizjügünüb turmaymısız?don't you all keep begging? | alajügünüb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep begging? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjügüne turamaI am in the middle of begging | senjügüne turasayou are in the middle of begging | oljügüne turadıhe is in the middle of begging | bizjügüne turabızwe are in the middle of begging | sizjügüne turasızyou all are in the middle of begging | alajügüne turadılathey are in the middle of begging |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjügüne turmaymaI am not in the middle of begging | senjügüne turmaysayou are not in the middle of begging | oljügüne turmaydıhe is not in the middle of begging | bizjügüne turmaybızwe are not in the middle of begging | sizjügüne turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of begging | alajügüne turmaydılathey are not in the middle of begging |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjügüne turamamı? jügüne turamıma?am I in the middle of begging? | senjügüne turamısa?are you in the middle of begging? | oljügüne turamıdı?is he in the middle of begging? | bizjügüne turabızmı? jügüne turamıbız?are we in the middle of begging? | sizjügüne turamısız?are you all in the middle of begging? | alajügüne turamıdıla?are they in the middle of begging? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjügüne turmaymamı? jügüne turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of begging? | senjügüne turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of begging? | oljügüne turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of begging? | bizjügüne turmaybızmı? jügüne turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of begging? | sizjügüne turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of begging? | alajügüne turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of begging? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjügündümI begged | senjügündüŋyou begged | oljügündühe begged | bizjügündükwe begged | sizjügündügüzyou all begged | alajügündülethey begged |
| Simple past (definite) | menjügünmedimI didn't beg | senjügünmediŋyou didn't beg | oljügünmedihe didn't beg | bizjügünmedikwe didn't beg | sizjügünmedigizyou all didn't beg | alajügünmedilethey didn't beg |
| Simple past (definite) | menjügündümmü?did I beg? | senjügündüŋmü?did you beg? | oljügündümü?did he beg? | bizjügündükmü?did we beg? | sizjügündügüzmü?did you all beg? | alajügündülemi?did they beg? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjügünmedimmi?didn't I beg? | senjügünmediŋmi?didn't you beg? | oljügünmedimi?didn't he beg? | bizjügünmedikmi?didn't we beg? | sizjügünmedigizmi?didn't you all beg? | alajügünmedilemi?didn't they beg? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjügünŋenmeI have begged | senjügünŋenseyou have begged | oljügünŋendihe has begged | bizjügünŋenbizwe have begged | sizjügünŋensizyou all have begged | alajügünŋendilethey have begged |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjügünmegenmeI haven't begged | senjügünmegenseyou haven't begged | oljügünmegendihe hasn't begged | bizjügünmegenbizwe haven't begged | sizjügünmegensizyou all haven't begged | alajügünmegendilethey haven't begged |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjügünŋenmemi? jügünŋenmime?have I begged? | senjügünŋenmise?have you begged? | oljügünŋenmidi?has he begged? | bizjügünŋenbizmi? jügünŋenmibiz?have we begged? | sizjügünŋenmisiz?have you all begged? | alajügünŋenmidile?have they begged? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjügünmegenmemi? jügünmegenmime?haven't I begged? | senjügünmegenmise?haven't you begged? | oljügünmegenmidi?hasn't he begged? | bizjügünmegenbizmi? jügünmegenmibiz?haven't we begged? | sizjügünmegenmisiz?haven't you all begged? | alajügünmegenmidile?haven't they begged? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjügünüb turdumI kept begging | senjügünüb turduŋyou kept begging | oljügünüb turduhe kept begging | bizjügünüb turduqwe kept begging | sizjügünüb turduğuzyou all kept begging | alajügünüb turdulathey kept begging |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjügünüb turmadımI didn't keep begging | senjügünüb turmadıŋyou didn't keep begging | oljügünüb turmadıhe didn't keep begging | bizjügünüb turmadıqwe didn't keep begging | sizjügünüb turmadığızyou all didn't keep begging | alajügünüb turmadılathey didn't keep begging |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjügünürmeI will beg | senjügünürseyou will beg | oljügünürhe will beg | bizjügünürbüzwe will beg | sizjügünürsüzyou all will beg | alajügünürlethey will beg |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjügünmezmeI won't beg | senjügünmezseyou won't beg | oljügünmezhe won't beg | bizjügünmezbizwe won't beg | sizjügünmezsizyou all won't beg | alajügünmezlethey won't beg |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjügünürmemi? jügünürmüme?will I beg? | senjügünürmüse?will you beg? | oljügünürmü?will he beg? | bizjügünürbüzmü? jügünürmübüz?will we beg? | sizjügünürmüsüz?will you all beg? | alajügünürlemi? jügünürmüle?will they beg? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjügünmezmemi? jügünmezmime?won't I beg? | senjügünmezmise?won't you beg? | oljügünmezmi?won't he beg? | bizjügünmezbizmi? jügünmezmibiz?won't we beg? | sizjügünmezmisiz?won't you all beg? | alajügünmezlemi? jügünmezmile?won't they beg? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjügünnükme1jügünürükmeI am going to beg | senjügünnükse1jügünürükseyou are going to beg | oljügünnükdü1jügünürükdühe is going to beg | bizjügünnükbüz1jügünürükbüzwe are going to beg | sizjügünnüksüz1jügünürüksüzyou all are going to beg | alajügünnükdüle1jügünürükdülethey are going to beg |
| Definite future (future II) | menjügünnük tülme1jügünürük tülmeI am not going to beg | senjügünnük tülse1jügünürük tülseyou are not going to beg | oljügünnük tüldü1jügünürük tüldühe is not going to beg | bizjügünnük tülbüz1jügünürük tülbüzwe are not going to beg | sizjügünnük tülsüz1jügünürük tülsüzyou all are not going to beg | alajügünnük tüldüle1jügünürük tüldülethey are not going to beg |
| Definite future (future II) | menjügünnükmemi?1 jügünnükmüme?jügünürükmemi?am I going to beg? | senjügünnükmüse?1jügünürükmüse?are you going to beg? | oljügünnükmüdü?1jügünürükmüdü?is he going to beg? | bizjügünnükbüzmü?1 jügünnükmübüz?jügünürükbüzmü?are we going to beg? | sizjügünnükmüsüz?1jügünürükmüsüz?are you all going to beg? | alajügünnükmüdüle?1jügünürükmüdüle?are they going to beg? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjügünnük tülmüme?1jügünürük tülmüme?aren't I going to beg? | senjügünnük tülmüse?1jügünürük tülmüse?aren't you going to beg? | oljügünnük tülmüdü?1jügünürük tülmüdü?isn't he going to beg? | bizjügünnük tülmübüz?1jügünürük tülmübüz?aren't we going to beg? | sizjügünnük tülmüsüz?1jügünürük tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to beg? | alajügünnük tülmüdüle?1jügünürük tülmüdüle?aren't they going to beg? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so jügünürükdü
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjügünŋen edimjügünŋenemI had begged | senjügünŋen ediŋjügünŋeneŋyou had begged | oljügünŋen edijügünŋenedhe had begged | bizjügünŋen edikjügünŋenekwe had begged | sizjügünŋen edigizjügünŋenegizyou all had begged | alajügünŋen edilejügünŋenellethey had begged |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjügünmegen edimjügünmegenemI hadn't begged | senjügünmegen ediŋjügünmegeneŋyou hadn't begged | oljügünmegen edijügünmegenedhe hadn't begged | bizjügünmegen edikjügünmegenekwe hadn't begged | sizjügünmegen edigizjügünmegenegizyou all hadn't begged | alajügünmegen edilejügünmegenellethey hadn't begged |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjügüne edimjügünemI was begging | senjügüne ediŋjügüneŋyou were begging | oljügüne edijügünedhe was begging | bizjügüne edikjügünekwe were begging | sizjügüne edigizjügünegizyou all were begging | alajügüne edilejügünellethey were begging |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjügünmey edimjügünmeyemI wasn't begging | senjügünmey ediŋjügünmeyeŋyou weren't begging | oljügünmey edijügünmeyedhe wasn't begging | bizjügünmey edikjügünmeyekwe weren't begging | sizjügünmey edigizjügünmeyegizyou all weren't begging | alajügünmey edilejügünmeyellethey weren't begging |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjügünüwçen edimjügünüwçenemI used to beg | senjügünüwçen ediŋjügünüwçeneŋyou used to beg | oljügünüwçen edijügünüwçenedhe used to beg | bizjügünüwçen edikjügünüwçenekwe used to beg | sizjügünüwçen edigizjügünüwçenegizyou all used to beg | alajügünüwçen edilejügünüwçenellethey used to beg |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjügünmewçen edimjügünmewçenemI didn't use to beg | senjügünmewçen ediŋjügünmewçeneŋyou didn't use to beg | oljügünmewçen edijügünmewçenedhe didn't use to beg | bizjügünmewçen edikjügünmewçenekwe didn't use to beg | sizjügünmewçen edigizjügünmewçenegizyou all didn't use to beg | alajügünmewçen edilejügünmewçenellethey didn't use to beg |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljügünüb edihe had begged and remained so | alajügünüb edilethey had begged and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljügünüb tül edihe hadn't begged | alajügünüb tül edilethey hadn't begged | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjügünüb tura edimjügünüb turaemI had kept begging | senjügünüb tura ediŋjügünüb turaeŋyou had kept begging | oljügünüb tura edijügünüb turaedhe had kept begging | bizjügünüb tura edikjügünüb turaekwe had kept begging | sizjügünüb tura edigizjügünüb turaegizyou all had kept begging | alajügünüb tura edilejügünüb turaellethey had kept begging |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjügünüb turmay edimjügünüb turmayemI hadn't kept begging | senjügünüb turmay ediŋjügünüb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept begging | oljügünüb turmay edijügünüb turmayedhe hadn't kept begging | bizjügünüb turmay edikjügünüb turmayekwe hadn't kept begging | sizjügünüb turmay edigizjügünüb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept begging | alajügünüb turmay edilejügünüb turmayellethey hadn't kept begging |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjügüne tura edimjügüne turaemI was in the middle of begging | senjügüne tura ediŋjügüne turaeŋyou were in the middle of begging | oljügüne tura edijügüne turaedhe was in the middle of begging | bizjügüne tura edikjügüne turaekwe were in the middle of begging | sizjügüne tura edigizjügüne turaegizyou all were in the middle of begging | alajügüne tura edilejügüne turaellethey were in the middle of begging |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjügüne turmay edimjügüne turmayemI wasn't in the middle of begging | senjügüne turmay ediŋjügüne turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of begging | oljügüne turmay edijügüne turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of begging | bizjügüne turmay edikjügüne turmayekwe weren't in the middle of begging | sizjügüne turmay edigizjügüne turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of begging | alajügüne turmay edilejügüne turmayellethey weren't in the middle of begging |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjügünür edimjügünür emI would beg | senjügünür ediŋjügünür eŋyou would beg | oljügünür edijügünür edhe would beg | bizjügünür edikjügünür ekwe would beg | sizjügünür edigizjügünür egizyou all would beg | alajügünür edilejügünür ellethey would beg |
| Conditional result (would) | menjügünmez edimjügünmez emI wouldn't beg | senjügünmez ediŋjügünmez eŋyou wouldn't beg | oljügünmez edijügünmez edhe wouldn't beg | bizjügünmez edikjügünmez ekwe wouldn't beg | sizjügünmez edigizjügünmez egizyou all wouldn't beg | alajügünmez edilejügünmez ellethey wouldn't beg |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjügünnük edim2jügünnük emjügünürük edimI would have begged | senjügünnük ediŋ2jügünnük eŋjügünürük ediŋyou would have begged | oljügünnük edi2jügünnük edjügünürük edihe would have begged | bizjügünnük edik2jügünnük ekjügünürük edikwe would have begged | sizjügünnük edigiz2jügünnük egizjügünürük edigizyou all would have begged | alajügünnük edile2jügünnük ellejügünürük edilethey would have begged |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjügünnük tül edim2jügünnük tül emjügünürük tül edimI wouldn't have begged | senjügünnük tül ediŋ2jügünnük tül eŋjügünürük tül ediŋyou wouldn't have begged | oljügünnük tül edi2jügünnük tül edjügünürük tül edihe wouldn't have begged | bizjügünnük tül edik2jügünnük tül ekjügünürük tül edikwe wouldn't have begged | sizjügünnük tül edigiz2jügünnük tül egizjügünürük tül edigizyou all wouldn't have begged | alajügünnük tül edile2jügünnük tül ellejügünürük tül edilethey wouldn't have begged |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so jügünürük edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjügünsemif I beg | senjügünseŋif you beg | oljügünseif he begs | bizjügünsekif we beg | sizjügünsegizif you all beg | alajügünseleif they beg |
| Conditional | menjügünmesemif I don't beg | senjügünmeseŋif you don't beg | oljügünmeseif he doesn't beg | bizjügünmesekif we don't beg | sizjügünmesegizif you all don't beg | alajügünmeseleif they don't beg |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjügüne esemif I am begging | senjügüne eseŋif you are begging | oljügüne eseif he is begging | bizjügüne esekif we are begging | sizjügüne esegizif you all are begging | alajügüne eseleif they are begging |
| Conditional, present real | menjügünmey esemif I am not begging | senjügünmey eseŋif you are not begging | oljügünmey eseif he is not begging | bizjügünmey esekif we are not begging | sizjügünmey esegizif you all are not begging | alajügünmey eseleif they are not begging |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjügünsem edijügünsem edif only I begged | senjügünseŋ edijügünseŋ edif only you begged | oljügünse edijügünsedif only he begged | bizjügünsek edijügünsek edif only we begged | sizjügünsegiz edijügünsegiz edif only you all begged | alajügünsele edijügünseledif only they begged |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjügünmesem edijügünmesem edif only I didn't beg | senjügünmeseŋ edijügünmeseŋ edif only you didn't beg | oljügünmese edijügünmesedif only he didn't beg | bizjügünmesek edijügünmesek edif only we didn't beg | sizjügünmesegiz edijügünmesegiz edif only you all didn't beg | alajügünmesele edijügünmeseledif only they didn't beg |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjügünüb tursamif I carry on begging | senjügünüb tursaŋif you carry on begging | oljügünüb tursaif he carries on begging | bizjügünüb tursaqif we carry on begging | sizjügünüb tursağızif you all carry on begging | alajügünüb tursalaif they carry on begging |
| Durative conditional | menjügünüb turmasamif I don't carry on begging | senjügünüb turmasaŋif you don't carry on begging | oljügünüb turmasaif he doesn't carry on begging | bizjügünüb turmasaqif we don't carry on begging | sizjügünüb turmasağızif you all don't carry on begging | alajügünüb turmasalaif they don't carry on begging |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjügünüb tura esemif I have kept begging | senjügünüb tura eseŋif you have kept begging | oljügünüb tura eseif he has kept begging | bizjügünüb tura esekif we have kept begging | sizjügünüb tura esegizif you all have kept begging | alajügünüb tura eseleif they have kept begging |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjügünüb turmay esemif I haven't kept begging | senjügünüb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept begging | oljügünüb turmay eseif he hasn't kept begging | bizjügünüb turmay esekif we haven't kept begging | sizjügünüb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept begging | alajügünüb turmay eseleif they haven't kept begging |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjügüne tursamif I keep begging | senjügüne tursaŋif you keep begging | oljügüne tursaif he keeps begging | bizjügüne tursaqif we keep begging | sizjügüne tursağızif you all keep begging | alajügüne tursalaif they keep begging |
| Progressive conditional | menjügünmey tursamif I keep on not begging | senjügünmey tursaŋif you keep on not begging | oljügünmey tursaif he keeps on not begging | bizjügünmey tursaqif we keep on not begging | sizjügünmey tursağızif you all keep on not begging | alajügünmey tursalaif they keep on not begging |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjügüne tura esemif I am in the middle of begging | senjügüne tura eseŋif you are in the middle of begging | oljügüne tura eseif he is in the middle of begging | bizjügüne tura esekif we are in the middle of begging | sizjügüne tura esegizif you all are in the middle of begging | alajügüne tura eseleif they are in the middle of begging |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjügünmey tura esemif I keep on not begging | senjügünmey tura eseŋif you keep on not begging | oljügünmey tura eseif he keeps on not begging | bizjügünmey tura esekif we keep on not begging | sizjügünmey tura esegizif you all keep on not begging | alajügünmey tura eseleif they keep on not begging |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menjügündüm esemif I begged | senjügündüŋ eseŋif you begged | oljügündü eseif he begged | bizjügündük esekif we begged | sizjügündügüz esegizif you all begged | alajügündüle eseleif they begged |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menjügünmedim esemif I didn't beg | senjügünmediŋ eseŋif you didn't beg | oljügünmedi eseif he didn't beg | bizjügünmedik esekif we didn't beg | sizjügünmedigiz esegizif you all didn't beg | alajügünmedile eseleif they didn't beg |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjügünŋen esemif I did beg (indeed) | senjügünŋen eseŋif you did beg (indeed) | oljügünŋen eseif he did beg (indeed) | bizjügünŋen esekif we did beg (indeed) | sizjügünŋen esegizif you all did beg (indeed) | alajügünŋen eseleif they did beg (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjügünmegen esemif I didn't beg (indeed) | senjügünmegen eseŋif you didn't beg (indeed) | oljügünmegen eseif he didn't beg (indeed) | bizjügünmegen esekif we didn't beg (indeed) | sizjügünmegen esegizif you all didn't beg (indeed) | alajügünmegen eseleif they didn't beg (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjügünŋen bolsamif I had begged | senjügünŋen bolsaŋif you had begged | oljügünŋen bolsaif he had begged | bizjügünŋen bolsaqif we had begged | sizjügünŋen bolsağızif you all had begged | alajügünŋen bolsalaif they had begged |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjügünmegen bolsamif I hadn't begged | senjügünmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't begged | oljügünmegen bolsaif he hadn't begged | bizjügünmegen bolsaqif we hadn't begged | sizjügünmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't begged | alajügünmegen bolsalaif they hadn't begged |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjügünŋen bolsam edijügünŋen bolsam edif only I had begged | senjügünŋen bolsaŋ edijügünŋen bolsaŋ edif only you had begged | oljügünŋen bolsa edijügünŋen bolsaedif only he had begged | bizjügünŋen bolsaq edijügünŋen bolsaq edif only we had begged | sizjügünŋen bolsağız edijügünŋen bolsağız edif only you all had begged | alajügünŋen bolsala edijügünŋen bolsalaedif only they had begged |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjügünmegen bolsam edijügünmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't begged | senjügünmegen bolsaŋ edijügünmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't begged | oljügünmegen bolsa edijügünmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't begged | bizjügünmegen bolsaq edijügünmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't begged | sizjügünmegen bolsağız edijügünmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't begged | alajügünmegen bolsala edijügünmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't begged |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjügünür esemif I will beg | senjügünür eseŋif you will beg | oljügünür eseif he will beg | bizjügünür esekif we will beg | sizjügünür esegizif you all will beg | alajügünür eseleif they will beg |
| Conditional, aorist | menjügünmez esemif I won't beg | senjügünmez eseŋif you won't beg | oljügünmez eseif he won't beg | bizjügünmez esekif we won't beg | sizjügünmez esegizif you all won't beg | alajügünmez eseleif they won't beg |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjügünnük esem4jügünürük esemif I am going to beg | senjügünnük eseŋ4jügünürük eseŋif you are going to beg | oljügünnük ese4jügünürük eseif he is going to beg | bizjügünnük esek4jügünürük esekif we are going to beg | sizjügünnük esegiz4jügünürük esegizif you all are going to beg | alajügünnük esele4jügünürük eseleif they are going to beg |
| Conditional, future | menjügünnük tül esem4jügünürük tül esemif I am not going to beg | senjügünnük tül eseŋ4jügünürük tül eseŋif you are not going to beg | oljügünnük tül ese4jügünürük tül eseif he is not going to beg | bizjügünnük tül esek4jügünürük tül esekif we are not going to beg | sizjügünnük tül esegiz4jügünürük tül esegizif you all are not going to beg | alajügünnük tül esele4jügünürük tül eseleif they are not going to beg |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjügünnük bolsam5jügünürük bolsamif I were going to beg | senjügünnük bolsaŋ5jügünürük bolsaŋif you were going to beg | oljügünnük bolsa5jügünürük bolsaif he were going to beg | bizjügünnük bolsaq5jügünürük bolsaqif we were going to beg | sizjügünnük bolsağız5jügünürük bolsağızif you all were going to beg | alajügünnük bolsala5jügünürük bolsalaif they were going to beg |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjügünmezlik bolsamif I were not going to beg | senjügünmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to beg | oljügünmezlik bolsaif he were not going to beg | bizjügünmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to beg | sizjügünmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to beg | alajügünmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to beg |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jügündüŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so jügünürük ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so jügünürük bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjügüne bolurmaI must be begging | senjügüne bolursayou must be begging | oljügüne bolurhe must be begging | bizjügüne bolurbuzwe must be begging | sizjügüne bolursuzyou all must be begging | alajügüne bolurlathey must be begging |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjügünmey bolurmaI must not be begging | senjügünmey bolursayou must not be begging | oljügünmey bolurhe must not be begging | bizjügünmey bolurbuzwe must not be begging | sizjügünmey bolursuzyou all must not be begging | alajügünmey bolurlathey must not be begging |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjügüne tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of begging | senjügüne tura bolursayou must be in the middle of begging | oljügüne tura bolurhe must be in the middle of begging | bizjügüne tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of begging | sizjügüne tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of begging | alajügüne tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of begging |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjügünmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not begging | senjügünmey tura bolursayou must keep on not begging | oljügünmey tura bolurhe must keep on not begging | bizjügünmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not begging | sizjügünmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not begging | alajügünmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not begging |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjügünŋen bolurmaI must have begged | senjügünŋen bolursayou must have begged | oljügünŋen bolurhe must have begged | bizjügünŋen bolurbuzwe must have begged | sizjügünŋen bolursuzyou all must have begged | alajügünŋen bolurlathey must have begged |
| Inference (must have) | menjügünmegen bolurmaI must not have begged | senjügünmegen bolursayou must not have begged | oljügünmegen bolurhe must not have begged | bizjügünmegen bolurbuzwe must not have begged | sizjügünmegen bolursuzyou all must not have begged | alajügünmegen bolurlathey must not have begged |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjügünnük bolurma6jügünürük bolurmaI must be going to beg | senjügünnük bolursa6jügünürük bolursayou must be going to beg | oljügünnük bolur6jügünürük bolurhe must be going to beg | bizjügünnük bolurbuz6jügünürük bolurbuzwe must be going to beg | sizjügünnük bolursuz6jügünürük bolursuzyou all must be going to beg | alajügünnük bolurla6jügünürük bolurlathey must be going to beg |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjügünmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to beg | senjügünmezlik bolursayou must not be going to beg | oljügünmezlik bolurhe must not be going to beg | bizjügünmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to beg | sizjügünmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to beg | alajügünmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to beg |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so jügünürük bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjügüneyimlet me beg | senjügün!jügü!beg! | oljügünsünlet him beg | bizjügüneyiklet's beg | sizjügünügüz!beg, you all! | alajügünsünlelet them beg |
| Commands & suggestions | menjügünmeyimlet me not beg | senjügünme!don't beg! | oljügünmesinlet him not beg | bizjügünmeyiklet's not beg | sizjügünmegiz!don't beg, you all! | alajügünmesinlelet them not beg |
| Commands & suggestions | menjügüneyimmi?shall I beg? | oljügünsünmü?should he beg? | bizjügüneyikmi?shall we beg? | alajügünsünlemi?should they beg? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjügünmeyimmi?shall I not beg? | oljügünmesinmi?should he not beg? | bizjügünmeyikmi?shall we not beg? | alajügünmesinlemi?should they not beg? | ||
| Requests | senjügünçü7jügünçünplease beg | oljügünsünçüdo let him beg | sizjügünçügüzplease beg (plural/polite) | alajügünsünleçido let them beg | ||
| Requests | senjügünmeçi7jügünmeçinplease don't beg | oljügünmesinçido let him not beg | sizjügünmeçigizplease don't beg (plural/polite) | alajügünmesinleçido let them not beg | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjügünŋünjügünŋümay you beg | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjügünmeginjügünmegimay you not beg | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjügünŋey edim jügünŋe edimwould that I begged | senjügünŋey ediŋ jügünŋe ediŋwould that you begged | oljügünŋey edi jügünŋe ediwould that he begged | bizjügünŋey edik jügünŋe edikwould that we begged | sizjügünŋey edigiz jügünŋe edigizwould that you all begged | alajügünŋey edile jügünŋe edilewould that they begged |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjügünmegey edim jügünmege edimwould that I did not beg | senjügünmegey ediŋ jügünmege ediŋwould that you did not beg | oljügünmegey edi jügünmege ediwould that he did not beg | bizjügünmegey edik jügünmege edikwould that we did not beg | sizjügünmegey edigiz jügünmege edigizwould that you all did not beg | alajügünmegey edile jügünmege edilewould that they did not beg |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjügünmege qoyayımjügünme qoyayımlet me allow someone to beg | senjügünmege qoy!jügünme qoy!let someone beg! | oljügünmege qoysunjügünme qoysunlet him allow someone to beg | bizjügünmege qoyayıqjügünme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to beg | sizjügünmege qoyuğuz!jügünme qoyuğuz!let someone beg, you all! | alajügünmege qoysunlajügünme qoysunlalet them allow someone to beg |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjügünmege qoymayımjügünme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to beg | senjügünmege qoyma!jügünme qoyma!don't let someone beg! | oljügünmege qoymasınjügünme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to beg | bizjügünmege qoymayıqjügünme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to beg | sizjügünmege qoymağız!jügünme qoymağız!don't let someone beg, you all! | alajügünmege qoymasınlajügünme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to beg |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjügünmege qoyayımmı?jügünme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to beg? | oljügünmege qoysunmu?jügünme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to beg? | bizjügünmege qoyayıqmı?jügünme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to beg? | alajügünmege qoysunlamı?jügünme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to beg? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjügünmege qoymayımmı?jügünme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to beg? | oljügünmege qoymasınmı?jügünme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to beg? | bizjügünmege qoymayıqmı?jügünme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to beg? | alajügünmege qoymasınlamı?jügünme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to beg? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjügünmege qoyamajügünme qoyamaI allow someone to beg | senjügünmege qoyasajügünme qoyasayou allow someone to beg | oljügünmege qoyadıjügünme qoyadıhe allows someone to beg | bizjügünmege qoyabızjügünme qoyabızwe allow someone to beg | sizjügünmege qoyasızjügünme qoyasızyou all allow someone to beg | alajügünmege qoyadılajügünme qoyadılathey allow someone to beg |
| Let someone… (present) | menjügünmege qoymaymajügünme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to beg | senjügünmege qoymaysajügünme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to beg | oljügünmege qoymaydıjügünme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to beg | bizjügünmege qoymaybızjügünme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to beg | sizjügünmege qoymaysızjügünme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to beg | alajügünmege qoymaydılajügünme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to beg |
| Let someone… (present) | menjügünmege qoyamamı?jügünme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to beg? | senjügünmege qoyamısa?jügünme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to beg? | oljügünmege qoyamıdı?jügünme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to beg? | bizjügünmege qoyabızmı?jügünme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to beg? | sizjügünmege qoyamısız?jügünme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to beg? | alajügünmege qoyamıdıla?jügünme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to beg? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjügünmege qoymaymamı?jügünme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to beg? | senjügünmege qoymaymısa?jügünme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to beg? | oljügünmege qoymaymıdı?jügünme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to beg? | bizjügünmege qoymaybızmı?jügünme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to beg? | sizjügünmege qoymaymısız?jügünme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to beg? | alajügünmege qoymaymıdıla?jügünme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to beg? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjügünmege qoydumjügünme qoydumI allowed someone to beg | senjügünmege qoyduŋjügünme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to beg | oljügünmege qoydujügünme qoyduhe allowed someone to beg | bizjügünmege qoyduqjügünme qoyduqwe allowed someone to beg | sizjügünmege qoyduğuzjügünme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to beg | alajügünmege qoydulajügünme qoydulathey allowed someone to beg |
| Let someone… (past) | menjügünmege qoymadımjügünme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to beg | senjügünmege qoymadıŋjügünme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to beg | oljügünmege qoymadıjügünme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to beg | bizjügünmege qoymadıqjügünme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to beg | sizjügünmege qoymadığızjügünme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to beg | alajügünmege qoymadılajügünme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to beg |
| Let someone… (past) | menjügünmege qoydummu?jügünme qoydummu?did I allow someone to beg? | senjügünmege qoyduŋmu?jügünme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to beg? | oljügünmege qoydumu?jügünme qoydumu?did he allow someone to beg? | bizjügünmege qoyduqmu?jügünme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to beg? | sizjügünmege qoyduğuzmu?jügünme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to beg? | alajügünmege qoydulamı?jügünme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to beg? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjügünmege qoymadımmı?jügünme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to beg? | senjügünmege qoymadıŋmı?jügünme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to beg? | oljügünmege qoymadımı?jügünme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to beg? | bizjügünmege qoymadıqmı?jügünme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to beg? | sizjügünmege qoymadığızmı?jügünme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to beg? | alajügünmege qoymadılamı?jügünme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to beg? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjügünalamaI can beg | senjügünalasayou can beg | oljügünaladıhe can beg | bizjügünalabızwe can beg | sizjügünalasızyou all can beg | alajügünaladılathey can beg |
| Ability — present | menjügünalmaymaI can't beg | senjügünalmaysayou can't beg | oljügünalmaydıhe can't beg | bizjügünalmaybızwe can't beg | sizjügünalmaysızyou all can't beg | alajügünalmaydılathey can't beg |
| Ability — present | menjügünalamamı? jügünalamıma?can I beg? | senjügünalamısa?can you beg? | oljügünalamıdı?can he beg? | bizjügünalabızmı? jügünalamıbız?can we beg? | sizjügünalamısız?can you all beg? | alajügünalamıdıla?can they beg? |
| Ability — present | menjügünalmaymamı? jügünalmaymıma?can't I beg? | senjügünalmaymısa?can't you beg? | oljügünalmaymıdı?can't he beg? | bizjügünalmaybızmı? jügünalmaymıbız?can't we beg? | sizjügünalmaymısız?can't you all beg? | alajügünalmaymıdıla?can't they beg? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjügünalsamif I can beg | senjügünalsaŋif you can beg | oljügünalsaif he can beg | bizjügünalsaqif we can beg | sizjügünalsağızif you all can beg | alajügünalsalaif they can beg |
| Ability — if I can… | menjügünalmasamif I can't beg | senjügünalmasaŋif you can't beg | oljügünalmasaif he can't beg | bizjügünalmasaqif we can't beg | sizjügünalmasağızif you all can't beg | alajügünalmasalaif they can't beg |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjügünaldımI was able to beg | senjügünaldıŋyou were able to beg | oljügünaldıhe was able to beg | bizjügünaldıqwe were able to beg | sizjügünaldığızyou all were able to beg | alajügünaldılathey were able to beg |
| Ability — simple past | menjügünalmadımI could not beg | senjügünalmadıŋyou could not beg | oljügünalmadıhe could not beg | bizjügünalmadıqwe could not beg | sizjügünalmadığızyou all could not beg | alajügünalmadılathey could not beg |
| Ability — simple past | menjügünaldımmı?was I able to beg? | senjügünaldıŋmı?were you able to beg? | oljügünaldımı?was he able to beg? | bizjügünaldıqmı?were we able to beg? | sizjügünaldığızmı?were you all able to beg? | alajügünaldılamı?were they able to beg? |
| Ability — simple past | menjügünalmadımmı?couldn't I beg? | senjügünalmadıŋmı?couldn't you beg? | oljügünalmadımı?couldn't he beg? | bizjügünalmadıqmı?couldn't we beg? | sizjügünalmadığızmı?couldn't you all beg? | alajügünalmadılamı?couldn't they beg? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjügünalğanmaI have been able to beg | senjügünalğansayou have been able to beg | oljügünalğandıhe has been able to beg | bizjügünalğanbızwe have been able to beg | sizjügünalğansızyou all have been able to beg | alajügünalğandılathey have been able to beg |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjügünalmağanmaI haven't been able to beg | senjügünalmağansayou haven't been able to beg | oljügünalmağandıhe hasn't been able to beg | bizjügünalmağanbızwe haven't been able to beg | sizjügünalmağansızyou all haven't been able to beg | alajügünalmağandılathey haven't been able to beg |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjügünalğanmamı? jügünalğanmıma?have I been able to beg? | senjügünalğanmısa?have you been able to beg? | oljügünalğanmıdı?has he been able to beg? | bizjügünalğanbızmı? jügünalğanmıbız?have we been able to beg? | sizjügünalğanmısız?have you all been able to beg? | alajügünalğanmıdıla?have they been able to beg? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjügünalmağanmamı? jügünalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to beg? | senjügünalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to beg? | oljügünalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to beg? | bizjügünalmağanbızmı? jügünalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to beg? | sizjügünalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to beg? | alajügünalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to beg? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjügünalğan edimjügünalğanemI had been able to beg | senjügünalğan ediŋjügünalğaneŋyou had been able to beg | oljügünalğan edijügünalğanedhe had been able to beg | bizjügünalğan edikjügünalğanekwe had been able to beg | sizjügünalğan edigizjügünalğanegizyou all had been able to beg | alajügünalğan edilejügünalğanellethey had been able to beg |
| Ability — past perfect | menjügünalmağan edimjügünalmağanemI hadn't been able to beg | senjügünalmağan ediŋjügünalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to beg | oljügünalmağan edijügünalmağanedhe hadn't been able to beg | bizjügünalmağan edikjügünalmağanekwe hadn't been able to beg | sizjügünalmağan edigizjügünalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to beg | alajügünalmağan edilejügünalmağanellethey hadn't been able to beg |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjügünala edimjügünalaemI could beg | senjügünala ediŋjügünalaeŋyou could beg | oljügünala edijügünalaedhe could beg | bizjügünala edikjügünalaekwe could beg | sizjügünala edigizjügünalaegizyou all could beg | alajügünala edilejügünalaellethey could beg |
| Ability — past background | menjügünalmay edimjügünalmayemI could not beg | senjügünalmay ediŋjügünalmayeŋyou could not beg | oljügünalmay edijügünalmayedhe could not beg | bizjügünalmay edikjügünalmayekwe could not beg | sizjügünalmay edigizjügünalmayegizyou all could not beg | alajügünalmay edilejügünalmayellethey could not beg |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjügünalırmaI will be able to beg | senjügünalırsayou will be able to beg | oljügünalırhe will be able to beg | bizjügünalırbızwe will be able to beg | sizjügünalırsızyou all will be able to beg | alajügünalırlathey will be able to beg |
| Ability — future I | menjügünalmazmaI won't be able to beg | senjügünalmazsayou won't be able to beg | oljügünalmazhe won't be able to beg | bizjügünalmazbızwe won't be able to beg | sizjügünalmazsızyou all won't be able to beg | alajügünalmazlathey won't be able to beg |
| Ability — future I | menjügünalırmamı? jügünalırmıma?will I be able to beg? | senjügünalırmısa?will you be able to beg? | oljügünalırmı?will he be able to beg? | bizjügünalırbızmı? jügünalırmıbız?will we be able to beg? | sizjügünalırmısız?will you all be able to beg? | alajügünalırlamı? jügünalırmıla?will they be able to beg? |
| Ability — future I | menjügünalmazmamı? jügünalmazmıma?won't I be able to beg? | senjügünalmazmısa?won't you be able to beg? | oljügünalmazmı?won't he be able to beg? | bizjügünalmazbızmı? jügünalmazmıbız?won't we be able to beg? | sizjügünalmazmısız?won't you all be able to beg? | alajügünalmazlamı? jügünalmazmıla?won't they be able to beg? |
| Ability — future II | menjügünallıqmaI am going to be able to beg | senjügünallıqsayou are going to be able to beg | oljügünallıqdıhe is going to be able to beg | bizjügünallıqbızwe are going to be able to beg | sizjügünallıqsızyou all are going to be able to beg | alajügünallıqdılathey are going to be able to beg |
| Ability — future II | menjügünallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to beg | senjügünallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to beg | oljügünallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to beg | bizjügünallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to beg | sizjügünallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to beg | alajügünallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to beg |
| Ability — future II | menjügünallıqmamı? jügünallıqmıma?am I going to be able to beg? | senjügünallıqmısa?are you going to be able to beg? | oljügünallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to beg? | bizjügünallıqbızmı? jügünallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to beg? | sizjügünallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to beg? | alajügünallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to beg? |
| Ability — future II | menjügünallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to beg? | senjügünallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to beg? | oljügünallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to beg? | bizjügünallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to beg? | sizjügünallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to beg? | alajügünallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to beg? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjügünalır edimjügünalır emI would be able to beg | senjügünalır ediŋjügünalır eŋyou would be able to beg | oljügünalır edijügünalır edhe would be able to beg | bizjügünalır edikjügünalır ekwe would be able to beg | sizjügünalır edigizjügünalır egizyou all would be able to beg | alajügünalır edilejügünalır ellethey would be able to beg |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjügünalmaz edimjügünalmaz emI wouldn't be able to beg | senjügünalmaz ediŋjügünalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to beg | oljügünalmaz edijügünalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to beg | bizjügünalmaz edikjügünalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to beg | sizjügünalmaz edigizjügünalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to beg | alajügünalmaz edilejügünalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to beg |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjügünalğınjügünalğımay you be able to beg | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjügünalmağınjügünalmağımay you not be able to beg | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjügünürge izleymeI want to beg | senjügünürge izleyseyou want to beg | oljügünürge izleydihe wants to beg | bizjügünürge izleybizwe want to beg | sizjügünürge izleysizyou all want to beg | alajügünürge izleydilethey want to beg |
| want to | menjügünürge izlemeymeI do not want to beg | senjügünürge izlemeyseyou do not want to beg | oljügünürge izlemeydihe does not want to beg | bizjügünürge izlemeybizwe do not want to beg | sizjügünürge izlemeysizyou all do not want to beg | alajügünürge izlemeydilethey do not want to beg |
| would like to | menjügünürge süemeI would like to beg | senjügünürge süeseyou would like to beg | oljügünürge süedihe would like to beg | bizjügünürge süebizwe would like to beg | sizjügünürge süesizyou all would like to beg | alajügünürge süedilethey would like to beg |
| would like to | menjügünürge süymeymeI would not like to beg | senjügünürge süymeyseyou would not like to beg | oljügünürge süymeydihe would not like to beg | bizjügünürge süymeybizwe would not like to beg | sizjügünürge süymeysizyou all would not like to beg | alajügünürge süymeydilethey would not like to beg |
| hope to | menjügünürge umutlanamaI hope to beg | senjügünürge umutlanasayou hope to beg | oljügünürge umutlanadıhe hopes to beg | bizjügünürge umutlanabızwe hope to beg | sizjügünürge umutlanasızyou all hope to beg | alajügünürge umutlanadılathey hope to beg |
| hope to | menjügünürge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to beg | senjügünürge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to beg | oljügünürge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to beg | bizjügünürge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to beg | sizjügünürge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to beg | alajügünürge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to beg |
| be about to | menjügünürge deb turamaI am about to beg | senjügünürge deb turasayou are about to beg | oljügünürge deb turadıhe is about to beg | bizjügünürge deb turabızwe are about to beg | sizjügünürge deb turasızyou all are about to beg | alajügünürge deb turadılathey are about to beg |
| be about to | menjügünürge deb turmaymaI am not about to beg | senjügünürge deb turmaysayou are not about to beg | oljügünürge deb turmaydıhe is not about to beg | bizjügünürge deb turmaybızwe are not about to beg | sizjügünürge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to beg | alajügünürge deb turmaydılathey are not about to beg |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjügünürge kerekmeI need to beg | senjügünürge kerekseyou need to beg | oljügünürge kerekdihe needs to beg | bizjügünürge kerekbizwe need to beg | sizjügünürge kereksizyou all need to beg | alajügünürge kerekdilethey need to beg |
| need to | menjügünürge kerek tülmeI do not need to beg | senjügünürge kerek tülseyou do not need to beg | oljügünürge kerek tüldühe does not need to beg | bizjügünürge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to beg | sizjügünürge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to beg | alajügünürge kerek tüldülethey do not need to beg |
| have to | menmenŋe jügünürge tüşediI have to beg | sensenŋe jügünürge tüşediyou have to beg | olaŋa jügünürge tüşedihe has to beg | bizbizge jügünürge tüşediwe have to beg | sizsizge jügünürge tüşediyou all have to beg | alaalağa jügünürge tüşedithey have to beg |
| have to | menmenŋe jügünürge tüşmeydiI do not have to beg | sensenŋe jügünürge tüşmeydiyou do not have to beg | olaŋa jügünürge tüşmeydihe does not have to beg | bizbizge jügünürge tüşmeydiwe do not have to beg | sizsizge jügünürge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to beg | alaalağa jügünürge tüşmeydithey do not have to beg |
| be obliged to | menjügünürge borçlumaI am obliged to beg | senjügünürge borçlusayou are obliged to beg | oljügünürge borçluduhe is obliged to beg | bizjügünürge borçlubuzwe are obliged to beg | sizjügünürge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to beg | alajügünürge borçludulathey are obliged to beg |
| be obliged to | menjügünürge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to beg | senjügünürge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to beg | oljügünürge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to beg | bizjügünürge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to beg | sizjügünürge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to beg | alajügünürge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to beg |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjügünürge madarım bardıI have a way to beg | senjügünürge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to beg | oljügünürge madarı bardıhe has a way to beg | bizjügünürge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to beg | sizjügünürge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to beg | alajügünürge madarları bardıthey have a way to beg |
| have a way to | menjügünürge madarım joqduI have no way to beg | senjügünürge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to beg | oljügünürge madarı joqduhe has no way to beg | bizjügünürge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to beg | sizjügünürge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to beg | alajügünürge madarları joqduthey have no way to beg |
| be free to | menjügünürge erkinligim bardıI am free to beg | senjügünürge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to beg | oljügünürge erkinligi bardıhe is free to beg | bizjügünürge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to beg | sizjügünürge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to beg | alajügünürge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to beg |
| be free to | menjügünürge erkinligim joqduI am not free to beg | senjügünürge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to beg | oljügünürge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to beg | bizjügünürge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to beg | sizjügünürge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to beg | alajügünürge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to beg |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jügünürge bolluqduit is possible for me to beg | sensenŋe jügünürge bolluqduit is possible for you to beg | olaŋa jügünürge bolluqduit is possible for him to beg | bizbizge jügünürge bolluqduit is possible for us to beg | sizsizge jügünürge bolluqduit is possible for you all to beg | alaalağa jügünürge bolluqduit is possible for them to beg |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jügünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to beg | sensenŋe jügünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to beg | olaŋa jügünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to beg | bizbizge jügünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to beg | sizsizge jügünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to beg | alaalağa jügünürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to beg |
| be ready to | menjügünürge hazırmaI am ready to beg | senjügünürge hazırsayou are ready to beg | oljügünürge hazırdıhe is ready to beg | bizjügünürge hazırbızwe are ready to beg | sizjügünürge hazırsızyou all are ready to beg | alajügünürge hazırdılathey are ready to beg |
| be ready to | menjügünürge hazır tülmeI am not ready to beg | senjügünürge hazır tülseyou are not ready to beg | oljügünürge hazır tüldühe is not ready to beg | bizjügünürge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to beg | sizjügünürge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to beg | alajügünürge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to beg |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjügünürge küreşemeI am trying to beg | senjügünürge küreşeseyou are trying to beg | oljügünürge küreşedihe is trying to beg | bizjügünürge küreşebizwe are trying to beg | sizjügünürge küreşesizyou all are trying to beg | alajügünürge küreşedilethey are trying to beg |
| try to | menjügünürge küreşmeymeI am not trying to beg | senjügünürge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to beg | oljügünürge küreşmeydihe is not trying to beg | bizjügünürge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to beg | sizjügünürge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to beg | alajügünürge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to beg |
| agree to | menjügünürge unaymaI agree to beg | senjügünürge unaysayou agree to beg | oljügünürge unaydıhe agrees to beg | bizjügünürge unaybızwe agree to beg | sizjügünürge unaysızyou all agree to beg | alajügünürge unaydılathey agree to beg |
| agree to | menjügünürge unamaymaI refuse to beg | senjügünürge unamaysayou refuse to beg | oljügünürge unamaydıhe refuses to beg | bizjügünürge unamaybızwe refuse to beg | sizjügünürge unamaysızyou all refuse to beg | alajügünürge unamaydılathey refuse to beg |
| hurry to | menjügünürge aşığamaI am in a hurry to beg | senjügünürge aşığasayou are in a hurry to beg | oljügünürge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to beg | bizjügünürge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to beg | sizjügünürge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to beg | alajügünürge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to beg |
| hurry to | menjügünürge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to beg | senjügünürge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to beg | oljügünürge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to beg | bizjügünürge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to beg | sizjügünürge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to beg | alajügünürge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to beg |
| be afraid to | menjügünürge qorqamaI am afraid to beg | senjügünürge qorqasayou are afraid to beg | oljügünürge qorqadıhe is afraid to beg | bizjügünürge qorqabızwe are afraid to beg | sizjügünürge qorqasızyou all are afraid to beg | alajügünürge qorqadılathey are afraid to beg |
| be afraid to | menjügünürge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to beg | senjügünürge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to beg | oljügünürge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to beg | bizjügünürge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to beg | sizjügünürge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to beg | alajügünürge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to beg |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjügüne bolmazmaI can't be begging | senjügüne bolmazsayou can't be begging | oljügüne bolmazhe can't be begging | bizjügüne bolmazbızwe can't be begging | sizjügüne bolmazsızyou all can't be begging | alajügüne bolmazlathey can't be begging |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjügünmey bolmazmaI must be begging (emphatic) | senjügünmey bolmazsayou must be begging (emphatic) | oljügünmey bolmazhe must be begging (emphatic) | bizjügünmey bolmazbızwe must be begging (emphatic) | sizjügünmey bolmazsızyou all must be begging (emphatic) | alajügünmey bolmazlathey must be begging (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjügüne turmasamif I don't keep begging | senjügüne turmasaŋif you don't keep begging | oljügüne turmasaif he doesn't keep begging | bizjügüne turmasaqif we don't keep begging | sizjügüne turmasağızif you all don't keep begging | alajügüne turmasalaif they don't keep begging |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjügüne tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of begging | senjügüne tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of begging | oljügüne tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of begging | bizjügüne tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of begging | sizjügüne tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of begging | alajügüne tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of begging |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjügünmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not begging (emphatic) | senjügünmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not begging (emphatic) | oljügünmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not begging (emphatic) | bizjügünmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not begging (emphatic) | sizjügünmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not begging (emphatic) | alajügünmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not begging (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjügünmey turamaI keep on not begging | senjügünmey turasayou keep on not begging | oljügünmey turadıhe keeps on not begging | bizjügünmey turabızwe keep on not begging | sizjügünmey turasızyou all keep on not begging | alajügünmey turadılathey keep on not begging |
| Progressive — double negation | menjügünmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not begging | senjügünmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not begging | oljügünmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not begging | bizjügünmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not begging | sizjügünmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not begging | alajügünmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not begging |
| Progressive — double negation | menjügünmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not begging? | senjügünmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not begging? | oljügünmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not begging? | bizjügünmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not begging? | sizjügünmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not begging? | alajügünmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not begging? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjügünŋen bolmazmaI can't have begged | senjügünŋen bolmazsayou can't have begged | oljügünŋen bolmazhe can't have begged | bizjügünŋen bolmazbızwe can't have begged | sizjügünŋen bolmazsızyou all can't have begged | alajügünŋen bolmazlathey can't have begged |
| Inference — double negation | menjügünmegen bolmazmaI must have begged (emphatic) | senjügünmegen bolmazsayou must have begged (emphatic) | oljügünmegen bolmazhe must have begged (emphatic) | bizjügünmegen bolmazbızwe must have begged (emphatic) | sizjügünmegen bolmazsızyou all must have begged (emphatic) | alajügünmegen bolmazlathey must have begged (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjügünŋen bolmasamif it weren't that I had begged | senjügünŋen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had begged | oljügünŋen bolmasaif it weren't that he had begged | bizjügünŋen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had begged | sizjügünŋen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had begged | alajügünŋen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had begged |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjügünmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't begged | senjügünmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't begged | oljügünmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't begged | bizjügünmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't begged | sizjügünmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't begged | alajügünmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't begged |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjügünnük bolmazmaI can't be going to beg | senjügünnük bolmazsayou can't be going to beg | oljügünnük bolmazhe can't be going to beg | bizjügünnük bolmazbızwe can't be going to beg | sizjügünnük bolmazsızyou all can't be going to beg | alajügünnük bolmazlathey can't be going to beg |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjügünmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to beg (emphatic) | senjügünmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to beg (emphatic) | oljügünmezlik bolmazhe must be going to beg (emphatic) | bizjügünmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to beg (emphatic) | sizjügünmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to beg (emphatic) | alajügünmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to beg (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjügünnük bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to beg | senjügünnük bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to beg | oljügünnük bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to beg | bizjügünnük bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to beg | sizjügünnük bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to beg | alajügünnük bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to beg |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjügünmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to beg | senjügünmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to beg | oljügünmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to beg | bizjügünmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to beg | sizjügünmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to beg | alajügünmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to beg |