janlarğa
/dʒanlarʁa/
1. avoid, keep away, move away, step aside, draw back — Used with the ablative: joldan janla means 'get off the road'. janla on its own means 'make way!'.
- janla — make way
- joldan janla — get off the road
- bılaydan janla — move away from here
- ol bizden janlab aylanadı — he keeps away from us
- teŋleri andan janlağandıla — his friends have drawn back from him
2. deviate, stray, digress; evade, dodge, shirk — The evasive and topic-related uses are figurative. The physical use about a road or direction is not: oŋŋa janlarğa means 'bear right'.
- işden janlarğa — to shirk work
- temadan janlarğa — to stray from the subject
- ol temadan janlab ketdi — he strayed from the subject
- bir künnü ara işden janlamağandı — did not shirk work for a single day
- juwabdan janlarğa — to dodge an answer
- oŋŋa janlarğa — to bear right
3. go back on, depart from (a promise or intention), break (one's word) one source
- kesi aythandan janlarıq tüldü — he will not go back on what he himself said
- bergen sözüŋden janlama — don't go back on the word you gave
- ol sözünden janladı — he broke his word
4. approach, draw near, come near — Possibly a separate homonym of the 'move away' verb.
- üyge janlarğa — to draw near the house
- üyge janladıla — they drew near the house
- biz elge janladıq — we drew near the village
- jaş menŋe janlab — the boy, coming up to me
- otha janla — come nearer the fire
Conjugation
Common forms
- janlaydıhe is avoiding
- janladıhe avoided
- janlağandıhe has avoided
- janlarhe will avoid
- janlarıqdıhe is going to avoid
- janlay edihe was avoiding
- janlasaif he avoids
- janla!avoid!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjanlaymaI am avoiding | senjanlaysayou are avoiding | oljanlaydıhe is avoiding | bizjanlaybızwe are avoiding | sizjanlaysızyou all are avoiding | alajanlaydılathey are avoiding |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjanlamaymaI am not avoiding | senjanlamaysayou are not avoiding | oljanlamaydıhe is not avoiding | bizjanlamaybızwe are not avoiding | sizjanlamaysızyou all are not avoiding | alajanlamaydılathey are not avoiding |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjanlaymamı? janlaymıma?am I avoiding? | senjanlaymısa?are you avoiding? | oljanlaymıdı?is he avoiding? | bizjanlaybızmı? janlaymıbız?are we avoiding? | sizjanlaymısız?are you all avoiding? | alajanlaymıdıla?are they avoiding? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjanlamaymamı? janlamaymıma?aren't I avoiding? | senjanlamaymısa?aren't you avoiding? | oljanlamaymıdı?isn't he avoiding? | bizjanlamaybızmı? janlamaymıbız?aren't we avoiding? | sizjanlamaymısız?aren't you all avoiding? | alajanlamaymıdıla?aren't they avoiding? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjanlawçanmaI usually avoid | senjanlawçansayou usually avoid | oljanlawçandıhe usually avoids | bizjanlawçanbızwe usually avoid | sizjanlawçansızyou all usually avoid | alajanlawçandılathey usually avoid |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjanlamawçanmaI usually don't avoid | senjanlamawçansayou usually don't avoid | oljanlamawçandıhe usually doesn't avoid | bizjanlamawçanbızwe usually don't avoid | sizjanlamawçansızyou all usually don't avoid | alajanlamawçandılathey usually don't avoid |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjanlawçanmamı? janlawçanmıma?do I usually avoid? | senjanlawçanmısa?do you usually avoid? | oljanlawçanmıdı?does he usually avoid? | bizjanlawçanbızmı? janlawçanmıbız?do we usually avoid? | sizjanlawçanmısız?do you all usually avoid? | alajanlawçanmıdıla?do they usually avoid? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjanlamawçanmamı? janlamawçanmıma?do I usually not avoid? | senjanlamawçanmısa?do you usually not avoid? | oljanlamawçanmıdı?does he usually not avoid? | bizjanlamawçanbızmı? janlamawçanmıbız?do we usually not avoid? | sizjanlamawçanmısız?do you all usually not avoid? | alajanlamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not avoid? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljanlabdıhe has avoided and remains so | alajanlabdılathey have avoided and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljanlabmıdı?has he avoided? | alajanlabmıdıla?have they avoided? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjanlab turamaI keep avoiding | senjanlab turasayou keep avoiding | oljanlab turadıhe keeps avoiding | bizjanlab turabızwe keep avoiding | sizjanlab turasızyou all keep avoiding | alajanlab turadılathey keep avoiding |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjanlab turmaymaI don't keep avoiding | senjanlab turmaysayou don't keep avoiding | oljanlab turmaydıhe doesn't keep avoiding | bizjanlab turmaybızwe don't keep avoiding | sizjanlab turmaysızyou all don't keep avoiding | alajanlab turmaydılathey don't keep avoiding |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjanlab turamamı? janlab turamıma?do I keep avoiding? | senjanlab turamısa?do you keep avoiding? | oljanlab turamıdı?does he keep avoiding? | bizjanlab turabızmı? janlab turamıbız?do we keep avoiding? | sizjanlab turamısız?do you all keep avoiding? | alajanlab turamıdıla?do they keep avoiding? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjanlab turmaymamı? janlab turmaymıma?don't I keep avoiding? | senjanlab turmaymısa?don't you keep avoiding? | oljanlab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep avoiding? | bizjanlab turmaybızmı? janlab turmaymıbız?don't we keep avoiding? | sizjanlab turmaymısız?don't you all keep avoiding? | alajanlab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep avoiding? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjanlay turamaI am in the middle of avoiding | senjanlay turasayou are in the middle of avoiding | oljanlay turadıhe is in the middle of avoiding | bizjanlay turabızwe are in the middle of avoiding | sizjanlay turasızyou all are in the middle of avoiding | alajanlay turadılathey are in the middle of avoiding |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjanlay turmaymaI am not in the middle of avoiding | senjanlay turmaysayou are not in the middle of avoiding | oljanlay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of avoiding | bizjanlay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of avoiding | sizjanlay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of avoiding | alajanlay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of avoiding |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjanlay turamamı? janlay turamıma?am I in the middle of avoiding? | senjanlay turamısa?are you in the middle of avoiding? | oljanlay turamıdı?is he in the middle of avoiding? | bizjanlay turabızmı? janlay turamıbız?are we in the middle of avoiding? | sizjanlay turamısız?are you all in the middle of avoiding? | alajanlay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of avoiding? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjanlay turmaymamı? janlay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of avoiding? | senjanlay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of avoiding? | oljanlay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of avoiding? | bizjanlay turmaybızmı? janlay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of avoiding? | sizjanlay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of avoiding? | alajanlay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of avoiding? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjanladımI avoided | senjanladıŋyou avoided | oljanladıhe avoided | bizjanladıqwe avoided | sizjanladığızyou all avoided | alajanladılathey avoided |
| Simple past (definite) | menjanlamadımI didn't avoid | senjanlamadıŋyou didn't avoid | oljanlamadıhe didn't avoid | bizjanlamadıqwe didn't avoid | sizjanlamadığızyou all didn't avoid | alajanlamadılathey didn't avoid |
| Simple past (definite) | menjanladımmı?did I avoid? | senjanladıŋmı?did you avoid? | oljanladımı?did he avoid? | bizjanladıqmı?did we avoid? | sizjanladığızmı?did you all avoid? | alajanladılamı?did they avoid? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjanlamadımmı?didn't I avoid? | senjanlamadıŋmı?didn't you avoid? | oljanlamadımı?didn't he avoid? | bizjanlamadıqmı?didn't we avoid? | sizjanlamadığızmı?didn't you all avoid? | alajanlamadılamı?didn't they avoid? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjanlağanmaI have avoided | senjanlağansayou have avoided | oljanlağandıhe has avoided | bizjanlağanbızwe have avoided | sizjanlağansızyou all have avoided | alajanlağandılathey have avoided |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjanlamağanmaI haven't avoided | senjanlamağansayou haven't avoided | oljanlamağandıhe hasn't avoided | bizjanlamağanbızwe haven't avoided | sizjanlamağansızyou all haven't avoided | alajanlamağandılathey haven't avoided |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjanlağanmamı? janlağanmıma?have I avoided? | senjanlağanmısa?have you avoided? | oljanlağanmıdı?has he avoided? | bizjanlağanbızmı? janlağanmıbız?have we avoided? | sizjanlağanmısız?have you all avoided? | alajanlağanmıdıla?have they avoided? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjanlamağanmamı? janlamağanmıma?haven't I avoided? | senjanlamağanmısa?haven't you avoided? | oljanlamağanmıdı?hasn't he avoided? | bizjanlamağanbızmı? janlamağanmıbız?haven't we avoided? | sizjanlamağanmısız?haven't you all avoided? | alajanlamağanmıdıla?haven't they avoided? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjanlab turdumI kept avoiding | senjanlab turduŋyou kept avoiding | oljanlab turduhe kept avoiding | bizjanlab turduqwe kept avoiding | sizjanlab turduğuzyou all kept avoiding | alajanlab turdulathey kept avoiding |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjanlab turmadımI didn't keep avoiding | senjanlab turmadıŋyou didn't keep avoiding | oljanlab turmadıhe didn't keep avoiding | bizjanlab turmadıqwe didn't keep avoiding | sizjanlab turmadığızyou all didn't keep avoiding | alajanlab turmadılathey didn't keep avoiding |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjanlarmaI will avoid | senjanlarsayou will avoid | oljanlarhe will avoid | bizjanlarbızwe will avoid | sizjanlarsızyou all will avoid | alajanlarlathey will avoid |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjanlamazmaI won't avoid | senjanlamazsayou won't avoid | oljanlamazhe won't avoid | bizjanlamazbızwe won't avoid | sizjanlamazsızyou all won't avoid | alajanlamazlathey won't avoid |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjanlarmamı? janlarmıma?will I avoid? | senjanlarmısa?will you avoid? | oljanlarmı?will he avoid? | bizjanlarbızmı? janlarmıbız?will we avoid? | sizjanlarmısız?will you all avoid? | alajanlarlamı? janlarmıla?will they avoid? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjanlamazmamı? janlamazmıma?won't I avoid? | senjanlamazmısa?won't you avoid? | oljanlamazmı?won't he avoid? | bizjanlamazbızmı? janlamazmıbız?won't we avoid? | sizjanlamazmısız?won't you all avoid? | alajanlamazlamı? janlamazmıla?won't they avoid? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjanlarıqmaI am going to avoid | senjanlarıqsayou are going to avoid | oljanlarıqdıhe is going to avoid | bizjanlarıqbızwe are going to avoid | sizjanlarıqsızyou all are going to avoid | alajanlarıqdılathey are going to avoid |
| Definite future (future II) | menjanlarıq tülmeI am not going to avoid | senjanlarıq tülseyou are not going to avoid | oljanlarıq tüldühe is not going to avoid | bizjanlarıq tülbüzwe are not going to avoid | sizjanlarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to avoid | alajanlarıq tüldülethey are not going to avoid |
| Definite future (future II) | menjanlarıqmamı? janlarıqmıma?am I going to avoid? | senjanlarıqmısa?are you going to avoid? | oljanlarıqmıdı?is he going to avoid? | bizjanlarıqbızmı? janlarıqmıbız?are we going to avoid? | sizjanlarıqmısız?are you all going to avoid? | alajanlarıqmıdıla?are they going to avoid? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjanlarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to avoid? | senjanlarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to avoid? | oljanlarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to avoid? | bizjanlarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to avoid? | sizjanlarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to avoid? | alajanlarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to avoid? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjanlağan edimjanlağanemI had avoided | senjanlağan ediŋjanlağaneŋyou had avoided | oljanlağan edijanlağanedhe had avoided | bizjanlağan edikjanlağanekwe had avoided | sizjanlağan edigizjanlağanegizyou all had avoided | alajanlağan edilejanlağanellethey had avoided |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjanlamağan edimjanlamağanemI hadn't avoided | senjanlamağan ediŋjanlamağaneŋyou hadn't avoided | oljanlamağan edijanlamağanedhe hadn't avoided | bizjanlamağan edikjanlamağanekwe hadn't avoided | sizjanlamağan edigizjanlamağanegizyou all hadn't avoided | alajanlamağan edilejanlamağanellethey hadn't avoided |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjanlay edimjanlayemI was avoiding | senjanlay ediŋjanlayeŋyou were avoiding | oljanlay edijanlayedhe was avoiding | bizjanlay edikjanlayekwe were avoiding | sizjanlay edigizjanlayegizyou all were avoiding | alajanlay edilejanlayellethey were avoiding |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjanlamay edimjanlamayemI wasn't avoiding | senjanlamay ediŋjanlamayeŋyou weren't avoiding | oljanlamay edijanlamayedhe wasn't avoiding | bizjanlamay edikjanlamayekwe weren't avoiding | sizjanlamay edigizjanlamayegizyou all weren't avoiding | alajanlamay edilejanlamayellethey weren't avoiding |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjanlawçan edimjanlawçanemI used to avoid | senjanlawçan ediŋjanlawçaneŋyou used to avoid | oljanlawçan edijanlawçanedhe used to avoid | bizjanlawçan edikjanlawçanekwe used to avoid | sizjanlawçan edigizjanlawçanegizyou all used to avoid | alajanlawçan edilejanlawçanellethey used to avoid |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjanlamawçan edimjanlamawçanemI didn't use to avoid | senjanlamawçan ediŋjanlamawçaneŋyou didn't use to avoid | oljanlamawçan edijanlamawçanedhe didn't use to avoid | bizjanlamawçan edikjanlamawçanekwe didn't use to avoid | sizjanlamawçan edigizjanlamawçanegizyou all didn't use to avoid | alajanlamawçan edilejanlamawçanellethey didn't use to avoid |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljanlab edihe had avoided and remained so | alajanlab edilethey had avoided and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljanlab tül edihe hadn't avoided | alajanlab tül edilethey hadn't avoided | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjanlab tura edimjanlab turaemI had kept avoiding | senjanlab tura ediŋjanlab turaeŋyou had kept avoiding | oljanlab tura edijanlab turaedhe had kept avoiding | bizjanlab tura edikjanlab turaekwe had kept avoiding | sizjanlab tura edigizjanlab turaegizyou all had kept avoiding | alajanlab tura edilejanlab turaellethey had kept avoiding |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjanlab turmay edimjanlab turmayemI hadn't kept avoiding | senjanlab turmay ediŋjanlab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept avoiding | oljanlab turmay edijanlab turmayedhe hadn't kept avoiding | bizjanlab turmay edikjanlab turmayekwe hadn't kept avoiding | sizjanlab turmay edigizjanlab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept avoiding | alajanlab turmay edilejanlab turmayellethey hadn't kept avoiding |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjanlay tura edimjanlay turaemI was in the middle of avoiding | senjanlay tura ediŋjanlay turaeŋyou were in the middle of avoiding | oljanlay tura edijanlay turaedhe was in the middle of avoiding | bizjanlay tura edikjanlay turaekwe were in the middle of avoiding | sizjanlay tura edigizjanlay turaegizyou all were in the middle of avoiding | alajanlay tura edilejanlay turaellethey were in the middle of avoiding |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjanlay turmay edimjanlay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of avoiding | senjanlay turmay ediŋjanlay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of avoiding | oljanlay turmay edijanlay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of avoiding | bizjanlay turmay edikjanlay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of avoiding | sizjanlay turmay edigizjanlay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of avoiding | alajanlay turmay edilejanlay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of avoiding |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjanlar edimjanlar emI would avoid | senjanlar ediŋjanlar eŋyou would avoid | oljanlar edijanlar edhe would avoid | bizjanlar edikjanlar ekwe would avoid | sizjanlar edigizjanlar egizyou all would avoid | alajanlar edilejanlar ellethey would avoid |
| Conditional result (would) | menjanlamaz edimjanlamaz emI wouldn't avoid | senjanlamaz ediŋjanlamaz eŋyou wouldn't avoid | oljanlamaz edijanlamaz edhe wouldn't avoid | bizjanlamaz edikjanlamaz ekwe wouldn't avoid | sizjanlamaz edigizjanlamaz egizyou all wouldn't avoid | alajanlamaz edilejanlamaz ellethey wouldn't avoid |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjanlarıq edimjanlarıq emI would have avoided | senjanlarıq ediŋjanlarıq eŋyou would have avoided | oljanlarıq edijanlarıq edhe would have avoided | bizjanlarıq edikjanlarıq ekwe would have avoided | sizjanlarıq edigizjanlarıq egizyou all would have avoided | alajanlarıq edilejanlarıq ellethey would have avoided |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjanlarıq tül edimjanlarıq tül emI wouldn't have avoided | senjanlarıq tül ediŋjanlarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have avoided | oljanlarıq tül edijanlarıq tül edhe wouldn't have avoided | bizjanlarıq tül edikjanlarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have avoided | sizjanlarıq tül edigizjanlarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have avoided | alajanlarıq tül edilejanlarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have avoided |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjanlasamif I avoid | senjanlasaŋif you avoid | oljanlasaif he avoids | bizjanlasaqif we avoid | sizjanlasağızif you all avoid | alajanlasalaif they avoid |
| Conditional | menjanlamasamif I don't avoid | senjanlamasaŋif you don't avoid | oljanlamasaif he doesn't avoid | bizjanlamasaqif we don't avoid | sizjanlamasağızif you all don't avoid | alajanlamasalaif they don't avoid |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjanlay esemif I am avoiding | senjanlay eseŋif you are avoiding | oljanlay eseif he is avoiding | bizjanlay esekif we are avoiding | sizjanlay esegizif you all are avoiding | alajanlay eseleif they are avoiding |
| Conditional, present real | menjanlamay esemif I am not avoiding | senjanlamay eseŋif you are not avoiding | oljanlamay eseif he is not avoiding | bizjanlamay esekif we are not avoiding | sizjanlamay esegizif you all are not avoiding | alajanlamay eseleif they are not avoiding |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjanlasam edijanlasam edif only I avoided | senjanlasaŋ edijanlasaŋ edif only you avoided | oljanlasa edijanlasaedif only he avoided | bizjanlasaq edijanlasaq edif only we avoided | sizjanlasağız edijanlasağız edif only you all avoided | alajanlasala edijanlasalaedif only they avoided |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjanlamasam edijanlamasam edif only I didn't avoid | senjanlamasaŋ edijanlamasaŋ edif only you didn't avoid | oljanlamasa edijanlamasaedif only he didn't avoid | bizjanlamasaq edijanlamasaq edif only we didn't avoid | sizjanlamasağız edijanlamasağız edif only you all didn't avoid | alajanlamasala edijanlamasalaedif only they didn't avoid |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjanlab tursamif I carry on avoiding | senjanlab tursaŋif you carry on avoiding | oljanlab tursaif he carries on avoiding | bizjanlab tursaqif we carry on avoiding | sizjanlab tursağızif you all carry on avoiding | alajanlab tursalaif they carry on avoiding |
| Durative conditional | menjanlab turmasamif I don't carry on avoiding | senjanlab turmasaŋif you don't carry on avoiding | oljanlab turmasaif he doesn't carry on avoiding | bizjanlab turmasaqif we don't carry on avoiding | sizjanlab turmasağızif you all don't carry on avoiding | alajanlab turmasalaif they don't carry on avoiding |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjanlab tura esemif I have kept avoiding | senjanlab tura eseŋif you have kept avoiding | oljanlab tura eseif he has kept avoiding | bizjanlab tura esekif we have kept avoiding | sizjanlab tura esegizif you all have kept avoiding | alajanlab tura eseleif they have kept avoiding |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjanlab turmay esemif I haven't kept avoiding | senjanlab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept avoiding | oljanlab turmay eseif he hasn't kept avoiding | bizjanlab turmay esekif we haven't kept avoiding | sizjanlab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept avoiding | alajanlab turmay eseleif they haven't kept avoiding |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjanlay tursamif I keep avoiding | senjanlay tursaŋif you keep avoiding | oljanlay tursaif he keeps avoiding | bizjanlay tursaqif we keep avoiding | sizjanlay tursağızif you all keep avoiding | alajanlay tursalaif they keep avoiding |
| Progressive conditional | menjanlamay tursamif I keep on not avoiding | senjanlamay tursaŋif you keep on not avoiding | oljanlamay tursaif he keeps on not avoiding | bizjanlamay tursaqif we keep on not avoiding | sizjanlamay tursağızif you all keep on not avoiding | alajanlamay tursalaif they keep on not avoiding |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjanlay tura esemif I am in the middle of avoiding | senjanlay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of avoiding | oljanlay tura eseif he is in the middle of avoiding | bizjanlay tura esekif we are in the middle of avoiding | sizjanlay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of avoiding | alajanlay tura eseleif they are in the middle of avoiding |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjanlamay tura esemif I keep on not avoiding | senjanlamay tura eseŋif you keep on not avoiding | oljanlamay tura eseif he keeps on not avoiding | bizjanlamay tura esekif we keep on not avoiding | sizjanlamay tura esegizif you all keep on not avoiding | alajanlamay tura eseleif they keep on not avoiding |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjanladım esemif I avoided | senjanladıŋ eseŋif you avoided | oljanladı eseif he avoided | bizjanladıq esekif we avoided | sizjanladığız esegizif you all avoided | alajanladıla eseleif they avoided |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjanlamadım esemif I didn't avoid | senjanlamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't avoid | oljanlamadı eseif he didn't avoid | bizjanlamadıq esekif we didn't avoid | sizjanlamadığız esegizif you all didn't avoid | alajanlamadıla eseleif they didn't avoid |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjanlağan esemif I did avoid (indeed) | senjanlağan eseŋif you did avoid (indeed) | oljanlağan eseif he did avoid (indeed) | bizjanlağan esekif we did avoid (indeed) | sizjanlağan esegizif you all did avoid (indeed) | alajanlağan eseleif they did avoid (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjanlamağan esemif I didn't avoid (indeed) | senjanlamağan eseŋif you didn't avoid (indeed) | oljanlamağan eseif he didn't avoid (indeed) | bizjanlamağan esekif we didn't avoid (indeed) | sizjanlamağan esegizif you all didn't avoid (indeed) | alajanlamağan eseleif they didn't avoid (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjanlağan bolsamif I had avoided | senjanlağan bolsaŋif you had avoided | oljanlağan bolsaif he had avoided | bizjanlağan bolsaqif we had avoided | sizjanlağan bolsağızif you all had avoided | alajanlağan bolsalaif they had avoided |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjanlamağan bolsamif I hadn't avoided | senjanlamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't avoided | oljanlamağan bolsaif he hadn't avoided | bizjanlamağan bolsaqif we hadn't avoided | sizjanlamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't avoided | alajanlamağan bolsalaif they hadn't avoided |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjanlağan bolsam edijanlağan bolsam edif only I had avoided | senjanlağan bolsaŋ edijanlağan bolsaŋ edif only you had avoided | oljanlağan bolsa edijanlağan bolsaedif only he had avoided | bizjanlağan bolsaq edijanlağan bolsaq edif only we had avoided | sizjanlağan bolsağız edijanlağan bolsağız edif only you all had avoided | alajanlağan bolsala edijanlağan bolsalaedif only they had avoided |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjanlamağan bolsam edijanlamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't avoided | senjanlamağan bolsaŋ edijanlamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't avoided | oljanlamağan bolsa edijanlamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't avoided | bizjanlamağan bolsaq edijanlamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't avoided | sizjanlamağan bolsağız edijanlamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't avoided | alajanlamağan bolsala edijanlamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't avoided |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjanlar esemif I will avoid | senjanlar eseŋif you will avoid | oljanlar eseif he will avoid | bizjanlar esekif we will avoid | sizjanlar esegizif you all will avoid | alajanlar eseleif they will avoid |
| Conditional, aorist | menjanlamaz esemif I won't avoid | senjanlamaz eseŋif you won't avoid | oljanlamaz eseif he won't avoid | bizjanlamaz esekif we won't avoid | sizjanlamaz esegizif you all won't avoid | alajanlamaz eseleif they won't avoid |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjanlarıq esemif I am going to avoid | senjanlarıq eseŋif you are going to avoid | oljanlarıq eseif he is going to avoid | bizjanlarıq esekif we are going to avoid | sizjanlarıq esegizif you all are going to avoid | alajanlarıq eseleif they are going to avoid |
| Conditional, future | menjanlarıq tül esemif I am not going to avoid | senjanlarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to avoid | oljanlarıq tül eseif he is not going to avoid | bizjanlarıq tül esekif we are not going to avoid | sizjanlarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to avoid | alajanlarıq tül eseleif they are not going to avoid |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjanlarıq bolsamif I were going to avoid | senjanlarıq bolsaŋif you were going to avoid | oljanlarıq bolsaif he were going to avoid | bizjanlarıq bolsaqif we were going to avoid | sizjanlarıq bolsağızif you all were going to avoid | alajanlarıq bolsalaif they were going to avoid |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjanlamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to avoid | senjanlamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to avoid | oljanlamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to avoid | bizjanlamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to avoid | sizjanlamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to avoid | alajanlamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to avoid |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso janladıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjanlay bolurmaI must be avoiding | senjanlay bolursayou must be avoiding | oljanlay bolurhe must be avoiding | bizjanlay bolurbuzwe must be avoiding | sizjanlay bolursuzyou all must be avoiding | alajanlay bolurlathey must be avoiding |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjanlamay bolurmaI must not be avoiding | senjanlamay bolursayou must not be avoiding | oljanlamay bolurhe must not be avoiding | bizjanlamay bolurbuzwe must not be avoiding | sizjanlamay bolursuzyou all must not be avoiding | alajanlamay bolurlathey must not be avoiding |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjanlay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of avoiding | senjanlay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of avoiding | oljanlay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of avoiding | bizjanlay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of avoiding | sizjanlay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of avoiding | alajanlay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of avoiding |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjanlamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not avoiding | senjanlamay tura bolursayou must keep on not avoiding | oljanlamay tura bolurhe must keep on not avoiding | bizjanlamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not avoiding | sizjanlamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not avoiding | alajanlamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not avoiding |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjanlağan bolurmaI must have avoided | senjanlağan bolursayou must have avoided | oljanlağan bolurhe must have avoided | bizjanlağan bolurbuzwe must have avoided | sizjanlağan bolursuzyou all must have avoided | alajanlağan bolurlathey must have avoided |
| Inference (must have) | menjanlamağan bolurmaI must not have avoided | senjanlamağan bolursayou must not have avoided | oljanlamağan bolurhe must not have avoided | bizjanlamağan bolurbuzwe must not have avoided | sizjanlamağan bolursuzyou all must not have avoided | alajanlamağan bolurlathey must not have avoided |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjanlarıq bolurmaI must be going to avoid | senjanlarıq bolursayou must be going to avoid | oljanlarıq bolurhe must be going to avoid | bizjanlarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to avoid | sizjanlarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to avoid | alajanlarıq bolurlathey must be going to avoid |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjanlamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to avoid | senjanlamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to avoid | oljanlamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to avoid | bizjanlamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to avoid | sizjanlamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to avoid | alajanlamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to avoid |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjanlayımlet me avoid | senjanla!avoid! | oljanlasınlet him avoid | bizjanlayıqlet's avoid | sizjanlağız!avoid, you all! | alajanlasınlalet them avoid |
| Commands & suggestions | menjanlamayımlet me not avoid | senjanlama!don't avoid! | oljanlamasınlet him not avoid | bizjanlamayıqlet's not avoid | sizjanlamağız!don't avoid, you all! | alajanlamasınlalet them not avoid |
| Commands & suggestions | menjanlayımmı?shall I avoid? | oljanlasınmı?should he avoid? | bizjanlayıqmı?shall we avoid? | alajanlasınlamı?should they avoid? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjanlamayımmı?shall I not avoid? | oljanlamasınmı?should he not avoid? | bizjanlamayıqmı?shall we not avoid? | alajanlamasınlamı?should they not avoid? | ||
| Requests | senjanlaçı2janlaçınplease avoid | oljanlasınçıdo let him avoid | sizjanlaçığızplease avoid (plural/polite) | alajanlasınlaçıdo let them avoid | ||
| Requests | senjanlamaçı2janlamaçınplease don't avoid | oljanlamasınçıdo let him not avoid | sizjanlamaçığızplease don't avoid (plural/polite) | alajanlamasınlaçıdo let them not avoid | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjanlağınjanlağımay you avoid | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjanlamağınjanlamağımay you not avoid | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjanlağay edim janlağa edimwould that I avoided | senjanlağay ediŋ janlağa ediŋwould that you avoided | oljanlağay edi janlağa ediwould that he avoided | bizjanlağay edik janlağa edikwould that we avoided | sizjanlağay edigiz janlağa edigizwould that you all avoided | alajanlağay edile janlağa edilewould that they avoided |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjanlamağay edim janlamağa edimwould that I did not avoid | senjanlamağay ediŋ janlamağa ediŋwould that you did not avoid | oljanlamağay edi janlamağa ediwould that he did not avoid | bizjanlamağay edik janlamağa edikwould that we did not avoid | sizjanlamağay edigiz janlamağa edigizwould that you all did not avoid | alajanlamağay edile janlamağa edilewould that they did not avoid |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjanlamağa qoyayımjanlama qoyayımlet me allow someone to avoid | senjanlamağa qoy!janlama qoy!let someone avoid! | oljanlamağa qoysunjanlama qoysunlet him allow someone to avoid | bizjanlamağa qoyayıqjanlama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to avoid | sizjanlamağa qoyuğuz!janlama qoyuğuz!let someone avoid, you all! | alajanlamağa qoysunlajanlama qoysunlalet them allow someone to avoid |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjanlamağa qoymayımjanlama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to avoid | senjanlamağa qoyma!janlama qoyma!don't let someone avoid! | oljanlamağa qoymasınjanlama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to avoid | bizjanlamağa qoymayıqjanlama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to avoid | sizjanlamağa qoymağız!janlama qoymağız!don't let someone avoid, you all! | alajanlamağa qoymasınlajanlama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to avoid |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjanlamağa qoyayımmı?janlama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to avoid? | oljanlamağa qoysunmu?janlama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to avoid? | bizjanlamağa qoyayıqmı?janlama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to avoid? | alajanlamağa qoysunlamı?janlama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to avoid? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjanlamağa qoymayımmı?janlama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to avoid? | oljanlamağa qoymasınmı?janlama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to avoid? | bizjanlamağa qoymayıqmı?janlama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to avoid? | alajanlamağa qoymasınlamı?janlama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to avoid? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjanlamağa qoyamajanlama qoyamaI allow someone to avoid | senjanlamağa qoyasajanlama qoyasayou allow someone to avoid | oljanlamağa qoyadıjanlama qoyadıhe allows someone to avoid | bizjanlamağa qoyabızjanlama qoyabızwe allow someone to avoid | sizjanlamağa qoyasızjanlama qoyasızyou all allow someone to avoid | alajanlamağa qoyadılajanlama qoyadılathey allow someone to avoid |
| Let someone… (present) | menjanlamağa qoymaymajanlama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to avoid | senjanlamağa qoymaysajanlama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to avoid | oljanlamağa qoymaydıjanlama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to avoid | bizjanlamağa qoymaybızjanlama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to avoid | sizjanlamağa qoymaysızjanlama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to avoid | alajanlamağa qoymaydılajanlama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to avoid |
| Let someone… (present) | menjanlamağa qoyamamı?janlama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to avoid? | senjanlamağa qoyamısa?janlama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to avoid? | oljanlamağa qoyamıdı?janlama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to avoid? | bizjanlamağa qoyabızmı?janlama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to avoid? | sizjanlamağa qoyamısız?janlama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to avoid? | alajanlamağa qoyamıdıla?janlama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to avoid? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjanlamağa qoymaymamı?janlama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to avoid? | senjanlamağa qoymaymısa?janlama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to avoid? | oljanlamağa qoymaymıdı?janlama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to avoid? | bizjanlamağa qoymaybızmı?janlama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to avoid? | sizjanlamağa qoymaymısız?janlama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to avoid? | alajanlamağa qoymaymıdıla?janlama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to avoid? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjanlamağa qoydumjanlama qoydumI allowed someone to avoid | senjanlamağa qoyduŋjanlama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to avoid | oljanlamağa qoydujanlama qoyduhe allowed someone to avoid | bizjanlamağa qoyduqjanlama qoyduqwe allowed someone to avoid | sizjanlamağa qoyduğuzjanlama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to avoid | alajanlamağa qoydulajanlama qoydulathey allowed someone to avoid |
| Let someone… (past) | menjanlamağa qoymadımjanlama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to avoid | senjanlamağa qoymadıŋjanlama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to avoid | oljanlamağa qoymadıjanlama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to avoid | bizjanlamağa qoymadıqjanlama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to avoid | sizjanlamağa qoymadığızjanlama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to avoid | alajanlamağa qoymadılajanlama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to avoid |
| Let someone… (past) | menjanlamağa qoydummu?janlama qoydummu?did I allow someone to avoid? | senjanlamağa qoyduŋmu?janlama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to avoid? | oljanlamağa qoydumu?janlama qoydumu?did he allow someone to avoid? | bizjanlamağa qoyduqmu?janlama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to avoid? | sizjanlamağa qoyduğuzmu?janlama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to avoid? | alajanlamağa qoydulamı?janlama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to avoid? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjanlamağa qoymadımmı?janlama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to avoid? | senjanlamağa qoymadıŋmı?janlama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to avoid? | oljanlamağa qoymadımı?janlama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to avoid? | bizjanlamağa qoymadıqmı?janlama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to avoid? | sizjanlamağa qoymadığızmı?janlama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to avoid? | alajanlamağa qoymadılamı?janlama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to avoid? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
janlayalırğa be able to avoid · janlayalmazğa be unable to avoid
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjanlayalamaI can avoid | senjanlayalasayou can avoid | oljanlayaladıhe can avoid | bizjanlayalabızwe can avoid | sizjanlayalasızyou all can avoid | alajanlayaladılathey can avoid |
| Ability — present | menjanlayalmaymaI can't avoid | senjanlayalmaysayou can't avoid | oljanlayalmaydıhe can't avoid | bizjanlayalmaybızwe can't avoid | sizjanlayalmaysızyou all can't avoid | alajanlayalmaydılathey can't avoid |
| Ability — present | menjanlayalamamı? janlayalamıma?can I avoid? | senjanlayalamısa?can you avoid? | oljanlayalamıdı?can he avoid? | bizjanlayalabızmı? janlayalamıbız?can we avoid? | sizjanlayalamısız?can you all avoid? | alajanlayalamıdıla?can they avoid? |
| Ability — present | menjanlayalmaymamı? janlayalmaymıma?can't I avoid? | senjanlayalmaymısa?can't you avoid? | oljanlayalmaymıdı?can't he avoid? | bizjanlayalmaybızmı? janlayalmaymıbız?can't we avoid? | sizjanlayalmaymısız?can't you all avoid? | alajanlayalmaymıdıla?can't they avoid? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjanlayalsamif I can avoid | senjanlayalsaŋif you can avoid | oljanlayalsaif he can avoid | bizjanlayalsaqif we can avoid | sizjanlayalsağızif you all can avoid | alajanlayalsalaif they can avoid |
| Ability — if I can… | menjanlayalmasamif I can't avoid | senjanlayalmasaŋif you can't avoid | oljanlayalmasaif he can't avoid | bizjanlayalmasaqif we can't avoid | sizjanlayalmasağızif you all can't avoid | alajanlayalmasalaif they can't avoid |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjanlayaldımI was able to avoid | senjanlayaldıŋyou were able to avoid | oljanlayaldıhe was able to avoid | bizjanlayaldıqwe were able to avoid | sizjanlayaldığızyou all were able to avoid | alajanlayaldılathey were able to avoid |
| Ability — simple past | menjanlayalmadımI could not avoid | senjanlayalmadıŋyou could not avoid | oljanlayalmadıhe could not avoid | bizjanlayalmadıqwe could not avoid | sizjanlayalmadığızyou all could not avoid | alajanlayalmadılathey could not avoid |
| Ability — simple past | menjanlayaldımmı?was I able to avoid? | senjanlayaldıŋmı?were you able to avoid? | oljanlayaldımı?was he able to avoid? | bizjanlayaldıqmı?were we able to avoid? | sizjanlayaldığızmı?were you all able to avoid? | alajanlayaldılamı?were they able to avoid? |
| Ability — simple past | menjanlayalmadımmı?couldn't I avoid? | senjanlayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you avoid? | oljanlayalmadımı?couldn't he avoid? | bizjanlayalmadıqmı?couldn't we avoid? | sizjanlayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all avoid? | alajanlayalmadılamı?couldn't they avoid? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjanlayalğanmaI have been able to avoid | senjanlayalğansayou have been able to avoid | oljanlayalğandıhe has been able to avoid | bizjanlayalğanbızwe have been able to avoid | sizjanlayalğansızyou all have been able to avoid | alajanlayalğandılathey have been able to avoid |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjanlayalmağanmaI haven't been able to avoid | senjanlayalmağansayou haven't been able to avoid | oljanlayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to avoid | bizjanlayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to avoid | sizjanlayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to avoid | alajanlayalmağandılathey haven't been able to avoid |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjanlayalğanmamı? janlayalğanmıma?have I been able to avoid? | senjanlayalğanmısa?have you been able to avoid? | oljanlayalğanmıdı?has he been able to avoid? | bizjanlayalğanbızmı? janlayalğanmıbız?have we been able to avoid? | sizjanlayalğanmısız?have you all been able to avoid? | alajanlayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to avoid? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjanlayalmağanmamı? janlayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to avoid? | senjanlayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to avoid? | oljanlayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to avoid? | bizjanlayalmağanbızmı? janlayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to avoid? | sizjanlayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to avoid? | alajanlayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to avoid? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjanlayalğan edimjanlayalğanemI had been able to avoid | senjanlayalğan ediŋjanlayalğaneŋyou had been able to avoid | oljanlayalğan edijanlayalğanedhe had been able to avoid | bizjanlayalğan edikjanlayalğanekwe had been able to avoid | sizjanlayalğan edigizjanlayalğanegizyou all had been able to avoid | alajanlayalğan edilejanlayalğanellethey had been able to avoid |
| Ability — past perfect | menjanlayalmağan edimjanlayalmağanemI hadn't been able to avoid | senjanlayalmağan ediŋjanlayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to avoid | oljanlayalmağan edijanlayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to avoid | bizjanlayalmağan edikjanlayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to avoid | sizjanlayalmağan edigizjanlayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to avoid | alajanlayalmağan edilejanlayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to avoid |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjanlayala edimjanlayalaemI could avoid | senjanlayala ediŋjanlayalaeŋyou could avoid | oljanlayala edijanlayalaedhe could avoid | bizjanlayala edikjanlayalaekwe could avoid | sizjanlayala edigizjanlayalaegizyou all could avoid | alajanlayala edilejanlayalaellethey could avoid |
| Ability — past background | menjanlayalmay edimjanlayalmayemI could not avoid | senjanlayalmay ediŋjanlayalmayeŋyou could not avoid | oljanlayalmay edijanlayalmayedhe could not avoid | bizjanlayalmay edikjanlayalmayekwe could not avoid | sizjanlayalmay edigizjanlayalmayegizyou all could not avoid | alajanlayalmay edilejanlayalmayellethey could not avoid |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjanlayalırmaI will be able to avoid | senjanlayalırsayou will be able to avoid | oljanlayalırhe will be able to avoid | bizjanlayalırbızwe will be able to avoid | sizjanlayalırsızyou all will be able to avoid | alajanlayalırlathey will be able to avoid |
| Ability — future I | menjanlayalmazmaI won't be able to avoid | senjanlayalmazsayou won't be able to avoid | oljanlayalmazhe won't be able to avoid | bizjanlayalmazbızwe won't be able to avoid | sizjanlayalmazsızyou all won't be able to avoid | alajanlayalmazlathey won't be able to avoid |
| Ability — future I | menjanlayalırmamı? janlayalırmıma?will I be able to avoid? | senjanlayalırmısa?will you be able to avoid? | oljanlayalırmı?will he be able to avoid? | bizjanlayalırbızmı? janlayalırmıbız?will we be able to avoid? | sizjanlayalırmısız?will you all be able to avoid? | alajanlayalırlamı? janlayalırmıla?will they be able to avoid? |
| Ability — future I | menjanlayalmazmamı? janlayalmazmıma?won't I be able to avoid? | senjanlayalmazmısa?won't you be able to avoid? | oljanlayalmazmı?won't he be able to avoid? | bizjanlayalmazbızmı? janlayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to avoid? | sizjanlayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to avoid? | alajanlayalmazlamı? janlayalmazmıla?won't they be able to avoid? |
| Ability — future II | menjanlayallıqmaI am going to be able to avoid | senjanlayallıqsayou are going to be able to avoid | oljanlayallıqdıhe is going to be able to avoid | bizjanlayallıqbızwe are going to be able to avoid | sizjanlayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to avoid | alajanlayallıqdılathey are going to be able to avoid |
| Ability — future II | menjanlayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to avoid | senjanlayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to avoid | oljanlayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to avoid | bizjanlayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to avoid | sizjanlayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to avoid | alajanlayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to avoid |
| Ability — future II | menjanlayallıqmamı? janlayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to avoid? | senjanlayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to avoid? | oljanlayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to avoid? | bizjanlayallıqbızmı? janlayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to avoid? | sizjanlayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to avoid? | alajanlayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to avoid? |
| Ability — future II | menjanlayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to avoid? | senjanlayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to avoid? | oljanlayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to avoid? | bizjanlayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to avoid? | sizjanlayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to avoid? | alajanlayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to avoid? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjanlayalır edimjanlayalır emI would be able to avoid | senjanlayalır ediŋjanlayalır eŋyou would be able to avoid | oljanlayalır edijanlayalır edhe would be able to avoid | bizjanlayalır edikjanlayalır ekwe would be able to avoid | sizjanlayalır edigizjanlayalır egizyou all would be able to avoid | alajanlayalır edilejanlayalır ellethey would be able to avoid |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjanlayalmaz edimjanlayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to avoid | senjanlayalmaz ediŋjanlayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to avoid | oljanlayalmaz edijanlayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to avoid | bizjanlayalmaz edikjanlayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to avoid | sizjanlayalmaz edigizjanlayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to avoid | alajanlayalmaz edilejanlayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to avoid |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjanlayalğınjanlayalğımay you be able to avoid | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjanlayalmağınjanlayalmağımay you not be able to avoid | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjanlarğa izleymeI want to avoid | senjanlarğa izleyseyou want to avoid | oljanlarğa izleydihe wants to avoid | bizjanlarğa izleybizwe want to avoid | sizjanlarğa izleysizyou all want to avoid | alajanlarğa izleydilethey want to avoid |
| want to | menjanlarğa izlemeymeI do not want to avoid | senjanlarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to avoid | oljanlarğa izlemeydihe does not want to avoid | bizjanlarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to avoid | sizjanlarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to avoid | alajanlarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to avoid |
| would like to | menjanlarğa süemeI would like to avoid | senjanlarğa süeseyou would like to avoid | oljanlarğa süedihe would like to avoid | bizjanlarğa süebizwe would like to avoid | sizjanlarğa süesizyou all would like to avoid | alajanlarğa süedilethey would like to avoid |
| would like to | menjanlarğa süymeymeI would not like to avoid | senjanlarğa süymeyseyou would not like to avoid | oljanlarğa süymeydihe would not like to avoid | bizjanlarğa süymeybizwe would not like to avoid | sizjanlarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to avoid | alajanlarğa süymeydilethey would not like to avoid |
| hope to | menjanlarğa umutlanamaI hope to avoid | senjanlarğa umutlanasayou hope to avoid | oljanlarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to avoid | bizjanlarğa umutlanabızwe hope to avoid | sizjanlarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to avoid | alajanlarğa umutlanadılathey hope to avoid |
| hope to | menjanlarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to avoid | senjanlarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to avoid | oljanlarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to avoid | bizjanlarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to avoid | sizjanlarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to avoid | alajanlarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to avoid |
| be about to | menjanlarğa deb turamaI am about to avoid | senjanlarğa deb turasayou are about to avoid | oljanlarğa deb turadıhe is about to avoid | bizjanlarğa deb turabızwe are about to avoid | sizjanlarğa deb turasızyou all are about to avoid | alajanlarğa deb turadılathey are about to avoid |
| be about to | menjanlarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to avoid | senjanlarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to avoid | oljanlarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to avoid | bizjanlarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to avoid | sizjanlarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to avoid | alajanlarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to avoid |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjanlarğa kerekmeI need to avoid | senjanlarğa kerekseyou need to avoid | oljanlarğa kerekdihe needs to avoid | bizjanlarğa kerekbizwe need to avoid | sizjanlarğa kereksizyou all need to avoid | alajanlarğa kerekdilethey need to avoid |
| need to | menjanlarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to avoid | senjanlarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to avoid | oljanlarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to avoid | bizjanlarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to avoid | sizjanlarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to avoid | alajanlarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to avoid |
| have to | menmenŋe janlarğa tüşediI have to avoid | sensenŋe janlarğa tüşediyou have to avoid | olaŋa janlarğa tüşedihe has to avoid | bizbizge janlarğa tüşediwe have to avoid | sizsizge janlarğa tüşediyou all have to avoid | alaalağa janlarğa tüşedithey have to avoid |
| have to | menmenŋe janlarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to avoid | sensenŋe janlarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to avoid | olaŋa janlarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to avoid | bizbizge janlarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to avoid | sizsizge janlarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to avoid | alaalağa janlarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to avoid |
| be obliged to | menjanlarğa borçlumaI am obliged to avoid | senjanlarğa borçlusayou are obliged to avoid | oljanlarğa borçluduhe is obliged to avoid | bizjanlarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to avoid | sizjanlarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to avoid | alajanlarğa borçludulathey are obliged to avoid |
| be obliged to | menjanlarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to avoid | senjanlarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to avoid | oljanlarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to avoid | bizjanlarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to avoid | sizjanlarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to avoid | alajanlarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to avoid |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjanlarğa madarım bardıI have a way to avoid | senjanlarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to avoid | oljanlarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to avoid | bizjanlarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to avoid | sizjanlarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to avoid | alajanlarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to avoid |
| have a way to | menjanlarğa madarım joqduI have no way to avoid | senjanlarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to avoid | oljanlarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to avoid | bizjanlarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to avoid | sizjanlarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to avoid | alajanlarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to avoid |
| be free to | menjanlarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to avoid | senjanlarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to avoid | oljanlarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to avoid | bizjanlarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to avoid | sizjanlarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to avoid | alajanlarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to avoid |
| be free to | menjanlarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to avoid | senjanlarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to avoid | oljanlarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to avoid | bizjanlarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to avoid | sizjanlarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to avoid | alajanlarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to avoid |
| be possible to | menmenŋe janlarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to avoid | sensenŋe janlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to avoid | olaŋa janlarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to avoid | bizbizge janlarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to avoid | sizsizge janlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to avoid | alaalağa janlarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to avoid |
| be possible to | menmenŋe janlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to avoid | sensenŋe janlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to avoid | olaŋa janlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to avoid | bizbizge janlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to avoid | sizsizge janlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to avoid | alaalağa janlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to avoid |
| be ready to | menjanlarğa hazırmaI am ready to avoid | senjanlarğa hazırsayou are ready to avoid | oljanlarğa hazırdıhe is ready to avoid | bizjanlarğa hazırbızwe are ready to avoid | sizjanlarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to avoid | alajanlarğa hazırdılathey are ready to avoid |
| be ready to | menjanlarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to avoid | senjanlarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to avoid | oljanlarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to avoid | bizjanlarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to avoid | sizjanlarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to avoid | alajanlarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to avoid |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjanlarğa küreşemeI am trying to avoid | senjanlarğa küreşeseyou are trying to avoid | oljanlarğa küreşedihe is trying to avoid | bizjanlarğa küreşebizwe are trying to avoid | sizjanlarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to avoid | alajanlarğa küreşedilethey are trying to avoid |
| try to | menjanlarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to avoid | senjanlarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to avoid | oljanlarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to avoid | bizjanlarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to avoid | sizjanlarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to avoid | alajanlarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to avoid |
| agree to | menjanlarğa unaymaI agree to avoid | senjanlarğa unaysayou agree to avoid | oljanlarğa unaydıhe agrees to avoid | bizjanlarğa unaybızwe agree to avoid | sizjanlarğa unaysızyou all agree to avoid | alajanlarğa unaydılathey agree to avoid |
| agree to | menjanlarğa unamaymaI refuse to avoid | senjanlarğa unamaysayou refuse to avoid | oljanlarğa unamaydıhe refuses to avoid | bizjanlarğa unamaybızwe refuse to avoid | sizjanlarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to avoid | alajanlarğa unamaydılathey refuse to avoid |
| hurry to | menjanlarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to avoid | senjanlarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to avoid | oljanlarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to avoid | bizjanlarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to avoid | sizjanlarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to avoid | alajanlarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to avoid |
| hurry to | menjanlarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to avoid | senjanlarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to avoid | oljanlarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to avoid | bizjanlarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to avoid | sizjanlarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to avoid | alajanlarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to avoid |
| be afraid to | menjanlarğa qorqamaI am afraid to avoid | senjanlarğa qorqasayou are afraid to avoid | oljanlarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to avoid | bizjanlarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to avoid | sizjanlarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to avoid | alajanlarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to avoid |
| be afraid to | menjanlarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to avoid | senjanlarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to avoid | oljanlarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to avoid | bizjanlarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to avoid | sizjanlarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to avoid | alajanlarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to avoid |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjanlay bolmazmaI can't be avoiding | senjanlay bolmazsayou can't be avoiding | oljanlay bolmazhe can't be avoiding | bizjanlay bolmazbızwe can't be avoiding | sizjanlay bolmazsızyou all can't be avoiding | alajanlay bolmazlathey can't be avoiding |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjanlamay bolmazmaI must be avoiding (emphatic) | senjanlamay bolmazsayou must be avoiding (emphatic) | oljanlamay bolmazhe must be avoiding (emphatic) | bizjanlamay bolmazbızwe must be avoiding (emphatic) | sizjanlamay bolmazsızyou all must be avoiding (emphatic) | alajanlamay bolmazlathey must be avoiding (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjanlay turmasamif I don't keep avoiding | senjanlay turmasaŋif you don't keep avoiding | oljanlay turmasaif he doesn't keep avoiding | bizjanlay turmasaqif we don't keep avoiding | sizjanlay turmasağızif you all don't keep avoiding | alajanlay turmasalaif they don't keep avoiding |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjanlay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of avoiding | senjanlay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of avoiding | oljanlay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of avoiding | bizjanlay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of avoiding | sizjanlay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of avoiding | alajanlay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of avoiding |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjanlamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not avoiding (emphatic) | senjanlamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not avoiding (emphatic) | oljanlamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not avoiding (emphatic) | bizjanlamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not avoiding (emphatic) | sizjanlamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not avoiding (emphatic) | alajanlamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not avoiding (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjanlamay turamaI keep on not avoiding | senjanlamay turasayou keep on not avoiding | oljanlamay turadıhe keeps on not avoiding | bizjanlamay turabızwe keep on not avoiding | sizjanlamay turasızyou all keep on not avoiding | alajanlamay turadılathey keep on not avoiding |
| Progressive — double negation | menjanlamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not avoiding | senjanlamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not avoiding | oljanlamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not avoiding | bizjanlamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not avoiding | sizjanlamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not avoiding | alajanlamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not avoiding |
| Progressive — double negation | menjanlamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not avoiding? | senjanlamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not avoiding? | oljanlamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not avoiding? | bizjanlamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not avoiding? | sizjanlamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not avoiding? | alajanlamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not avoiding? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjanlağan bolmazmaI can't have avoided | senjanlağan bolmazsayou can't have avoided | oljanlağan bolmazhe can't have avoided | bizjanlağan bolmazbızwe can't have avoided | sizjanlağan bolmazsızyou all can't have avoided | alajanlağan bolmazlathey can't have avoided |
| Inference — double negation | menjanlamağan bolmazmaI must have avoided (emphatic) | senjanlamağan bolmazsayou must have avoided (emphatic) | oljanlamağan bolmazhe must have avoided (emphatic) | bizjanlamağan bolmazbızwe must have avoided (emphatic) | sizjanlamağan bolmazsızyou all must have avoided (emphatic) | alajanlamağan bolmazlathey must have avoided (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjanlağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had avoided | senjanlağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had avoided | oljanlağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had avoided | bizjanlağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had avoided | sizjanlağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had avoided | alajanlağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had avoided |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjanlamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't avoided | senjanlamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't avoided | oljanlamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't avoided | bizjanlamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't avoided | sizjanlamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't avoided | alajanlamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't avoided |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjanlarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to avoid | senjanlarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to avoid | oljanlarıq bolmazhe can't be going to avoid | bizjanlarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to avoid | sizjanlarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to avoid | alajanlarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to avoid |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjanlamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to avoid (emphatic) | senjanlamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to avoid (emphatic) | oljanlamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to avoid (emphatic) | bizjanlamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to avoid (emphatic) | sizjanlamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to avoid (emphatic) | alajanlamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to avoid (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjanlarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to avoid | senjanlarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to avoid | oljanlarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to avoid | bizjanlarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to avoid | sizjanlarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to avoid | alajanlarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to avoid |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjanlamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to avoid | senjanlamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to avoid | oljanlamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to avoid | bizjanlamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to avoid | sizjanlamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to avoid | alajanlamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to avoid |