iş
/iʃ/ · plural işle
1. work, labor, activity
- qara iş — physical labor
- aşığış iş — urgent work
- üy iş — housework
- iş kün — a working day
- işni süygen adam — a person who loves work
- ol kesin işde körgüzgendi — he has shown himself at work
2. employment, job
- işge kirirge — to enter employment
- işge keçigirge — to be late for work
- işden çığarğa — to leave employment
- işge alırğa — to take on for a job
- işden qıstarğa — to drive out of a job
3. affair, matter, business, issue — Used for something that falls within a particular person’s own concern or responsibility.
- ol meni işimdi — that is my business
- ol bizni işibizdi — that is our business
- ullu mağanası bolğan iş — a matter of great importance
- bıllay iş bla kelgenme — I have come with such a matter
- işni jabarğa — to hush the matter up
4. circumstances, state of affairs
- iş qalaydı? — how are things?
- iş aman tüldü — things are not bad
- işle igidile — things are going well
- iş osalğa ketdi — things went badly
- iş anda tüldü — that is not the point
- iş alaydı — that is how things are
5. deed, act, action; a step taken to achieve an aim
- tabsız iş — an improper deed
- ala etgen iş — the deed they performed
- jaşla, bek tabsız iş etgensiz — boys, you have done a very improper deed
- bıyıl etgen oyumsuz işibiz — our thoughtless deed done this year
- seni bıltır etgen işiŋi unutalmaydıla — they cannot forget the deed you did last year
6. task, assignment
- iş berirge — to give a task
- ustaz sabiylege iş berdi — the teacher gave the children an assignment
- bizge jaŋı iş bergendile — they have given us a new task
- men berilgen işni zamanında tamamladım — I completed the task I was given on time
7. product, handiwork, creative work
- ilmu iş — a scholarly work
- bu surat kesim etgen işimdi — this picture is a work I made myself
- studentle kesi işlerin körgüzdüle — the students showed their own works
8. legal case, lawsuit
- işge qararğa — to hear a case
- ökül jürütgen iş — a case conducted by a lawyer
- işni ökül jürütedi — the lawyer conducts the case
- meni işime qaralmağandı — my case has not been considered
9. event, occurrence
- bu iş burun bolğandı — this event happened long ago
- ullu mağanalı iş bolğandı — an event of great significance happened
- ol işni üsünden gazetde jazğandıla — they wrote about that event in the newspaper
10. workpiece, a piece being made or worked on — Most often something made by hand and still unfinished. one source
- bu iş alqın bitmey turadı — this piece is still unfinished
- anam qolundağı işin janına saldı — my mother set aside the piece she was working on
- qolumdağı işimi ertdenlikde boşarıqma — I will finish the piece in my hands in the morning
11. undertaking, venture, scheme
- bu qorquwlu işdi — this is a risky undertaking
Expressions
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | işthe work | işimmy work | işiŋyour work | işihis work | işibizour work | işigizyou all's work | işleritheir works |
| Genitive | işnithe work's | işimimy work's | işiŋiyour work's | işinihis work's | işibizniour work's | işigizniyou all's work's | işlerinitheir works' |
| Accusative | işnithe work (as the object) | işimimy work (as the object) | işiŋiyour work (as the object) | işinhis work (as the object) | işibizniour work (as the object) | işigizniyou all's work (as the object) | işlerintheir works (as the object) |
| Dative | işgeto the work | işimeto my work | işiŋeto your work | işineto his work | işibizgeto our work | işigizgeto you all's work | işlerineto their works |
| Locative | işdein / at the work | işimdein / at my work | işiŋdein / at your work | işindein / at his work | işibizdein / at our work | işigizdein / at you all's work | işlerindein / at their works |
| Ablative | işdenfrom the work | işimdenfrom my work | işiŋdenfrom your work | işindenfrom his work | işibizdenfrom our work | işigizdenfrom you all's work | işlerindenfrom their works |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | işlethe works | işlerimmy works | işleriŋyour works | işlerihis works | işleribizour works | işlerigizyou all's works | işleritheir works |
| Genitive | işlenithe works' | işlerimimy works' | işleriŋiyour works' | işlerinihis works' | işleribizniour works' | işlerigizniyou all's works' | işlerinitheir works' |
| Accusative | işlenithe works (as the object) | işlerimimy works (as the object) | işleriŋiyour works (as the object) | işlerinhis works (as the object) | işleribizniour works (as the object) | işlerigizniyou all's works (as the object) | işlerintheir works (as the object) |
| Dative | işlegeto the works | işlerimeto my works | işleriŋeto your works | işlerineto his works | işleribizgeto our works | işlerigizgeto you all's works | işlerineto their works |
| Locative | işledein / at the works | işlerimdein / at my works | işleriŋdein / at your works | işlerindein / at his works | işleribizdein / at our works | işlerigizdein / at you all's works | işlerindein / at their works |
| Ablative | işledenfrom the works | işlerimdenfrom my works | işleriŋdenfrom your works | işlerindenfrom his works | işleribizdenfrom our works | işlerigizdenfrom you all's works | işlerindenfrom their works |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: işleri can mean "his / her works", "their work", or "their works" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.