zat
/zat/
Definitions
1. thing, object, article
- asıl zat — a precious thing
- bağalı zat — an expensive thing
- kerekli zat — a needed thing
- bu zatlanı arı qoratığız — take these objects away over there
2. something, anything; with a negated verb, nothing — the бир зат collocation — the commonest use of the word in running text
- bir zat aytayım — let me say something
- bir zat da bolmağandı — nothing has happened
- bir zat körünmeydi — nothing is visible
- men bir zat bileme — I know something
3. matter, affair, business; what has happened
- zatlanı aytırğa bolmaydı — such matters must not be spoken of
- ol zatnı üsünden — about that matter
- men aythan zat — the matter I spoke of
4. substance, material, stuff
- qatı zat — a solid substance
- suwsun zat — a liquid substance
- temir qatı zatdı — iron is a hard substance
Feedback
or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | zatthe thing | zatlathe things | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | zatnıthe thing's | zatlanıthe things' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | zatnıthe thing (as the object) | zatlanıthe things (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | zathato the thing | zatlağato the things | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | zatdaat / in the thing | zatladaat / in the things | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | zatdanfrom the thing | zatladanfrom the things | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | zatımmy thing | zatlarımmy things |
| your | zatıngyour thing | zatlarıngyour things |
| his / her | zatıhis / her thing | zatlarıhis / her things |
| our | zatıbızour thing | zatlarıbızour things |
| you all's | zatığızyou all's thing | zatlarığızyou all's things |
| their | zatlarıtheir thing | zatlarıtheir things |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: zatları can mean "his / her things", "their thing", or "their things" — context decides.