erkeletirge
/erkeletirɡe/
1. caress, show affection to, treat tenderly — bir biriŋi erkeletirge means "cherish each other"; erkeletib söleşirge means "speak tenderly".
- sabiyni anası erkelete turadı — the mother is caressing the child
- atası jaşın erkeletedi — the father caresses his son
- ol qızın erkeletedi — she caresses her daughter
- erkeletib söleşirge — to speak tenderly
- bir biriŋi erkeletirge — to cherish one another
2. spoil, pamper, indulge
- sabiyleni erkeletirge — to spoil children
- anı bek erkeletdile — they pampered him a lot
- sabiyni erkeletib buzdu — spoiled the child by pampering it
- sabiyni erkeletme — don't spoil the child
Conjugation
Common forms
- erkeletedihe is caressing
- erkeletdihe caressed
- erkeletgendihe has caressed
- erkeletirhe will caress
- erkeletirikdihe is going to caress
- erkelete edihe was caressing
- erkeletseif he caresses
- erkelet!caress!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menerkeletemeI am caressing | senerkeleteseyou are caressing | olerkeletedihe is caressing | bizerkeletebizwe are caressing | sizerkeletesizyou all are caressing | alaerkeletedilethey are caressing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menerkeletmeymeI am not caressing | senerkeletmeyseyou are not caressing | olerkeletmeydihe is not caressing | bizerkeletmeybizwe are not caressing | sizerkeletmeysizyou all are not caressing | alaerkeletmeydilethey are not caressing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menerkeletememi? erkeletemime?am I caressing? | senerkeletemise?are you caressing? | olerkeletemidi?is he caressing? | bizerkeletebizmi? erkeletemibiz?are we caressing? | sizerkeletemisiz?are you all caressing? | alaerkeletemidile?are they caressing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menerkeletmeymemi? erkeletmeymime?aren't I caressing? | senerkeletmeymise?aren't you caressing? | olerkeletmeymidi?isn't he caressing? | bizerkeletmeybizmi? erkeletmeymibiz?aren't we caressing? | sizerkeletmeymisiz?aren't you all caressing? | alaerkeletmeymidile?aren't they caressing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menerkeletiwçenmeI usually caress | senerkeletiwçenseyou usually caress | olerkeletiwçendihe usually caresses | bizerkeletiwçenbizwe usually caress | sizerkeletiwçensizyou all usually caress | alaerkeletiwçendilethey usually caress |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menerkeletmewçenmeI usually don't caress | senerkeletmewçenseyou usually don't caress | olerkeletmewçendihe usually doesn't caress | bizerkeletmewçenbizwe usually don't caress | sizerkeletmewçensizyou all usually don't caress | alaerkeletmewçendilethey usually don't caress |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menerkeletiwçenmemi? erkeletiwçenmime?do I usually caress? | senerkeletiwçenmise?do you usually caress? | olerkeletiwçenmidi?does he usually caress? | bizerkeletiwçenbizmi? erkeletiwçenmibiz?do we usually caress? | sizerkeletiwçenmisiz?do you all usually caress? | alaerkeletiwçenmidile?do they usually caress? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menerkeletmewçenmemi? erkeletmewçenmime?do I usually not caress? | senerkeletmewçenmise?do you usually not caress? | olerkeletmewçenmidi?does he usually not caress? | bizerkeletmewçenbizmi? erkeletmewçenmibiz?do we usually not caress? | sizerkeletmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not caress? | alaerkeletmewçenmidile?do they usually not caress? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olerkeletibdihe has caressed and remains so | alaerkeletibdilethey have caressed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olerkeletibmidi?has he caressed? | alaerkeletibmidile?have they caressed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menerkeletib turamaI keep caressing | senerkeletib turasayou keep caressing | olerkeletib turadıhe keeps caressing | bizerkeletib turabızwe keep caressing | sizerkeletib turasızyou all keep caressing | alaerkeletib turadılathey keep caressing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menerkeletib turmaymaI don't keep caressing | senerkeletib turmaysayou don't keep caressing | olerkeletib turmaydıhe doesn't keep caressing | bizerkeletib turmaybızwe don't keep caressing | sizerkeletib turmaysızyou all don't keep caressing | alaerkeletib turmaydılathey don't keep caressing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menerkeletib turamamı? erkeletib turamıma?do I keep caressing? | senerkeletib turamısa?do you keep caressing? | olerkeletib turamıdı?does he keep caressing? | bizerkeletib turabızmı? erkeletib turamıbız?do we keep caressing? | sizerkeletib turamısız?do you all keep caressing? | alaerkeletib turamıdıla?do they keep caressing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menerkeletib turmaymamı? erkeletib turmaymıma?don't I keep caressing? | senerkeletib turmaymısa?don't you keep caressing? | olerkeletib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep caressing? | bizerkeletib turmaybızmı? erkeletib turmaymıbız?don't we keep caressing? | sizerkeletib turmaymısız?don't you all keep caressing? | alaerkeletib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep caressing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menerkelete turamaI am in the middle of caressing | senerkelete turasayou are in the middle of caressing | olerkelete turadıhe is in the middle of caressing | bizerkelete turabızwe are in the middle of caressing | sizerkelete turasızyou all are in the middle of caressing | alaerkelete turadılathey are in the middle of caressing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menerkelete turmaymaI am not in the middle of caressing | senerkelete turmaysayou are not in the middle of caressing | olerkelete turmaydıhe is not in the middle of caressing | bizerkelete turmaybızwe are not in the middle of caressing | sizerkelete turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of caressing | alaerkelete turmaydılathey are not in the middle of caressing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menerkelete turamamı? erkelete turamıma?am I in the middle of caressing? | senerkelete turamısa?are you in the middle of caressing? | olerkelete turamıdı?is he in the middle of caressing? | bizerkelete turabızmı? erkelete turamıbız?are we in the middle of caressing? | sizerkelete turamısız?are you all in the middle of caressing? | alaerkelete turamıdıla?are they in the middle of caressing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menerkelete turmaymamı? erkelete turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of caressing? | senerkelete turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of caressing? | olerkelete turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of caressing? | bizerkelete turmaybızmı? erkelete turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of caressing? | sizerkelete turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of caressing? | alaerkelete turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of caressing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menerkeletdimI caressed | senerkeletdiŋyou caressed | olerkeletdihe caressed | bizerkeletdikwe caressed | sizerkeletdigizyou all caressed | alaerkeletdilethey caressed |
| Simple past (definite) | menerkeletmedimI didn't caress | senerkeletmediŋyou didn't caress | olerkeletmedihe didn't caress | bizerkeletmedikwe didn't caress | sizerkeletmedigizyou all didn't caress | alaerkeletmedilethey didn't caress |
| Simple past (definite) | menerkeletdimmi?did I caress? | senerkeletdiŋmi?did you caress? | olerkeletdimi?did he caress? | bizerkeletdikmi?did we caress? | sizerkeletdigizmi?did you all caress? | alaerkeletdilemi?did they caress? |
| Simple past (definite) | menerkeletmedimmi?didn't I caress? | senerkeletmediŋmi?didn't you caress? | olerkeletmedimi?didn't he caress? | bizerkeletmedikmi?didn't we caress? | sizerkeletmedigizmi?didn't you all caress? | alaerkeletmedilemi?didn't they caress? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menerkeletgenmeI have caressed | senerkeletgenseyou have caressed | olerkeletgendihe has caressed | bizerkeletgenbizwe have caressed | sizerkeletgensizyou all have caressed | alaerkeletgendilethey have caressed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menerkeletmegenmeI haven't caressed | senerkeletmegenseyou haven't caressed | olerkeletmegendihe hasn't caressed | bizerkeletmegenbizwe haven't caressed | sizerkeletmegensizyou all haven't caressed | alaerkeletmegendilethey haven't caressed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menerkeletgenmemi? erkeletgenmime?have I caressed? | senerkeletgenmise?have you caressed? | olerkeletgenmidi?has he caressed? | bizerkeletgenbizmi? erkeletgenmibiz?have we caressed? | sizerkeletgenmisiz?have you all caressed? | alaerkeletgenmidile?have they caressed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menerkeletmegenmemi? erkeletmegenmime?haven't I caressed? | senerkeletmegenmise?haven't you caressed? | olerkeletmegenmidi?hasn't he caressed? | bizerkeletmegenbizmi? erkeletmegenmibiz?haven't we caressed? | sizerkeletmegenmisiz?haven't you all caressed? | alaerkeletmegenmidile?haven't they caressed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menerkeletib turdumI kept caressing | senerkeletib turduŋyou kept caressing | olerkeletib turduhe kept caressing | bizerkeletib turduqwe kept caressing | sizerkeletib turduğuzyou all kept caressing | alaerkeletib turdulathey kept caressing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menerkeletib turmadımI didn't keep caressing | senerkeletib turmadıŋyou didn't keep caressing | olerkeletib turmadıhe didn't keep caressing | bizerkeletib turmadıqwe didn't keep caressing | sizerkeletib turmadığızyou all didn't keep caressing | alaerkeletib turmadılathey didn't keep caressing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menerkeletirmeI will caress | senerkeletirseyou will caress | olerkeletirhe will caress | bizerkeletirbizwe will caress | sizerkeletirsizyou all will caress | alaerkeletirlethey will caress |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menerkeletmezmeI won't caress | senerkeletmezseyou won't caress | olerkeletmezhe won't caress | bizerkeletmezbizwe won't caress | sizerkeletmezsizyou all won't caress | alaerkeletmezlethey won't caress |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menerkeletirmemi? erkeletirmime?will I caress? | senerkeletirmise?will you caress? | olerkeletirmi?will he caress? | bizerkeletirbizmi? erkeletirmibiz?will we caress? | sizerkeletirmisiz?will you all caress? | alaerkeletirlemi? erkeletirmile?will they caress? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menerkeletmezmemi? erkeletmezmime?won't I caress? | senerkeletmezmise?won't you caress? | olerkeletmezmi?won't he caress? | bizerkeletmezbizmi? erkeletmezmibiz?won't we caress? | sizerkeletmezmisiz?won't you all caress? | alaerkeletmezlemi? erkeletmezmile?won't they caress? |
| Definite future (future II) | menerkeletirikmeI am going to caress | senerkeletirikseyou are going to caress | olerkeletirikdihe is going to caress | bizerkeletirikbizwe are going to caress | sizerkeletiriksizyou all are going to caress | alaerkeletirikdilethey are going to caress |
| Definite future (future II) | menerkeletirik tülmeI am not going to caress | senerkeletirik tülseyou are not going to caress | olerkeletirik tüldühe is not going to caress | bizerkeletirik tülbüzwe are not going to caress | sizerkeletirik tülsüzyou all are not going to caress | alaerkeletirik tüldülethey are not going to caress |
| Definite future (future II) | menerkeletirikmemi? erkeletirikmime?am I going to caress? | senerkeletirikmise?are you going to caress? | olerkeletirikmidi?is he going to caress? | bizerkeletirikbizmi? erkeletirikmibiz?are we going to caress? | sizerkeletirikmisiz?are you all going to caress? | alaerkeletirikmidile?are they going to caress? |
| Definite future (future II) | menerkeletirik tülmüme?aren't I going to caress? | senerkeletirik tülmüse?aren't you going to caress? | olerkeletirik tülmüdü?isn't he going to caress? | bizerkeletirik tülmübüz?aren't we going to caress? | sizerkeletirik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to caress? | alaerkeletirik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to caress? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menerkeletgen edimerkeletgenemI had caressed | senerkeletgen ediŋerkeletgeneŋyou had caressed | olerkeletgen edierkeletgenedhe had caressed | bizerkeletgen edikerkeletgenekwe had caressed | sizerkeletgen edigizerkeletgenegizyou all had caressed | alaerkeletgen edileerkeletgenellethey had caressed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menerkeletmegen edimerkeletmegenemI hadn't caressed | senerkeletmegen ediŋerkeletmegeneŋyou hadn't caressed | olerkeletmegen edierkeletmegenedhe hadn't caressed | bizerkeletmegen edikerkeletmegenekwe hadn't caressed | sizerkeletmegen edigizerkeletmegenegizyou all hadn't caressed | alaerkeletmegen edileerkeletmegenellethey hadn't caressed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menerkelete edimerkeletemI was caressing | senerkelete ediŋerkeleteŋyou were caressing | olerkelete edierkeletedhe was caressing | bizerkelete edikerkeletekwe were caressing | sizerkelete edigizerkeletegizyou all were caressing | alaerkelete edileerkeletellethey were caressing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menerkeletmey edimerkeletmeyemI wasn't caressing | senerkeletmey ediŋerkeletmeyeŋyou weren't caressing | olerkeletmey edierkeletmeyedhe wasn't caressing | bizerkeletmey edikerkeletmeyekwe weren't caressing | sizerkeletmey edigizerkeletmeyegizyou all weren't caressing | alaerkeletmey edileerkeletmeyellethey weren't caressing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menerkeletiwçen edimerkeletiwçenemI used to caress | senerkeletiwçen ediŋerkeletiwçeneŋyou used to caress | olerkeletiwçen edierkeletiwçenedhe used to caress | bizerkeletiwçen edikerkeletiwçenekwe used to caress | sizerkeletiwçen edigizerkeletiwçenegizyou all used to caress | alaerkeletiwçen edileerkeletiwçenellethey used to caress |
| Habitual past (used to) | menerkeletmewçen edimerkeletmewçenemI didn't use to caress | senerkeletmewçen ediŋerkeletmewçeneŋyou didn't use to caress | olerkeletmewçen edierkeletmewçenedhe didn't use to caress | bizerkeletmewçen edikerkeletmewçenekwe didn't use to caress | sizerkeletmewçen edigizerkeletmewçenegizyou all didn't use to caress | alaerkeletmewçen edileerkeletmewçenellethey didn't use to caress |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olerkeletib edihe had caressed and remained so | alaerkeletib edilethey had caressed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olerkeletib tül edihe hadn't caressed | alaerkeletib tül edilethey hadn't caressed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menerkeletib tura edimerkeletib turaemI had kept caressing | senerkeletib tura ediŋerkeletib turaeŋyou had kept caressing | olerkeletib tura edierkeletib turaedhe had kept caressing | bizerkeletib tura edikerkeletib turaekwe had kept caressing | sizerkeletib tura edigizerkeletib turaegizyou all had kept caressing | alaerkeletib tura edileerkeletib turaellethey had kept caressing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menerkeletib turmay edimerkeletib turmayemI hadn't kept caressing | senerkeletib turmay ediŋerkeletib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept caressing | olerkeletib turmay edierkeletib turmayedhe hadn't kept caressing | bizerkeletib turmay edikerkeletib turmayekwe hadn't kept caressing | sizerkeletib turmay edigizerkeletib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept caressing | alaerkeletib turmay edileerkeletib turmayellethey hadn't kept caressing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menerkelete tura edimerkelete turaemI was in the middle of caressing | senerkelete tura ediŋerkelete turaeŋyou were in the middle of caressing | olerkelete tura edierkelete turaedhe was in the middle of caressing | bizerkelete tura edikerkelete turaekwe were in the middle of caressing | sizerkelete tura edigizerkelete turaegizyou all were in the middle of caressing | alaerkelete tura edileerkelete turaellethey were in the middle of caressing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menerkelete turmay edimerkelete turmayemI wasn't in the middle of caressing | senerkelete turmay ediŋerkelete turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of caressing | olerkelete turmay edierkelete turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of caressing | bizerkelete turmay edikerkelete turmayekwe weren't in the middle of caressing | sizerkelete turmay edigizerkelete turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of caressing | alaerkelete turmay edileerkelete turmayellethey weren't in the middle of caressing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menerkeletir edimerkeletir emI would caress | senerkeletir ediŋerkeletir eŋyou would caress | olerkeletir edierkeletir edhe would caress | bizerkeletir edikerkeletir ekwe would caress | sizerkeletir edigizerkeletir egizyou all would caress | alaerkeletir edileerkeletir ellethey would caress |
| Conditional result (would) | menerkeletmez edimerkeletmez emI wouldn't caress | senerkeletmez ediŋerkeletmez eŋyou wouldn't caress | olerkeletmez edierkeletmez edhe wouldn't caress | bizerkeletmez edikerkeletmez ekwe wouldn't caress | sizerkeletmez edigizerkeletmez egizyou all wouldn't caress | alaerkeletmez edileerkeletmez ellethey wouldn't caress |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menerkeletirik edimerkeletirik emI would have caressed | senerkeletirik ediŋerkeletirik eŋyou would have caressed | olerkeletirik edierkeletirik edhe would have caressed | bizerkeletirik edikerkeletirik ekwe would have caressed | sizerkeletirik edigizerkeletirik egizyou all would have caressed | alaerkeletirik edileerkeletirik ellethey would have caressed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menerkeletirik tül edimerkeletirik tül emI wouldn't have caressed | senerkeletirik tül ediŋerkeletirik tül eŋyou wouldn't have caressed | olerkeletirik tül edierkeletirik tül edhe wouldn't have caressed | bizerkeletirik tül edikerkeletirik tül ekwe wouldn't have caressed | sizerkeletirik tül edigizerkeletirik tül egizyou all wouldn't have caressed | alaerkeletirik tül edileerkeletirik tül ellethey wouldn't have caressed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menerkeletsemif I caress | senerkeletseŋif you caress | olerkeletseif he caresses | bizerkeletsekif we caress | sizerkeletsegizif you all caress | alaerkeletseleif they caress |
| Conditional | menerkeletmesemif I don't caress | senerkeletmeseŋif you don't caress | olerkeletmeseif he doesn't caress | bizerkeletmesekif we don't caress | sizerkeletmesegizif you all don't caress | alaerkeletmeseleif they don't caress |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menerkelete esemif I am caressing | senerkelete eseŋif you are caressing | olerkelete eseif he is caressing | bizerkelete esekif we are caressing | sizerkelete esegizif you all are caressing | alaerkelete eseleif they are caressing |
| Conditional, present real | menerkeletmey esemif I am not caressing | senerkeletmey eseŋif you are not caressing | olerkeletmey eseif he is not caressing | bizerkeletmey esekif we are not caressing | sizerkeletmey esegizif you all are not caressing | alaerkeletmey eseleif they are not caressing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menerkeletsem edierkeletsem edif only I caressed | senerkeletseŋ edierkeletseŋ edif only you caressed | olerkeletse edierkeletsedif only he caressed | bizerkeletsek edierkeletsek edif only we caressed | sizerkeletsegiz edierkeletsegiz edif only you all caressed | alaerkeletsele edierkeletseledif only they caressed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menerkeletmesem edierkeletmesem edif only I didn't caress | senerkeletmeseŋ edierkeletmeseŋ edif only you didn't caress | olerkeletmese edierkeletmesedif only he didn't caress | bizerkeletmesek edierkeletmesek edif only we didn't caress | sizerkeletmesegiz edierkeletmesegiz edif only you all didn't caress | alaerkeletmesele edierkeletmeseledif only they didn't caress |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menerkeletib tursamif I carry on caressing | senerkeletib tursaŋif you carry on caressing | olerkeletib tursaif he carries on caressing | bizerkeletib tursaqif we carry on caressing | sizerkeletib tursağızif you all carry on caressing | alaerkeletib tursalaif they carry on caressing |
| Durative conditional | menerkeletib turmasamif I don't carry on caressing | senerkeletib turmasaŋif you don't carry on caressing | olerkeletib turmasaif he doesn't carry on caressing | bizerkeletib turmasaqif we don't carry on caressing | sizerkeletib turmasağızif you all don't carry on caressing | alaerkeletib turmasalaif they don't carry on caressing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menerkeletib tura esemif I have kept caressing | senerkeletib tura eseŋif you have kept caressing | olerkeletib tura eseif he has kept caressing | bizerkeletib tura esekif we have kept caressing | sizerkeletib tura esegizif you all have kept caressing | alaerkeletib tura eseleif they have kept caressing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menerkeletib turmay esemif I haven't kept caressing | senerkeletib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept caressing | olerkeletib turmay eseif he hasn't kept caressing | bizerkeletib turmay esekif we haven't kept caressing | sizerkeletib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept caressing | alaerkeletib turmay eseleif they haven't kept caressing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menerkelete tursamif I keep caressing | senerkelete tursaŋif you keep caressing | olerkelete tursaif he keeps caressing | bizerkelete tursaqif we keep caressing | sizerkelete tursağızif you all keep caressing | alaerkelete tursalaif they keep caressing |
| Progressive conditional | menerkeletmey tursamif I keep on not caressing | senerkeletmey tursaŋif you keep on not caressing | olerkeletmey tursaif he keeps on not caressing | bizerkeletmey tursaqif we keep on not caressing | sizerkeletmey tursağızif you all keep on not caressing | alaerkeletmey tursalaif they keep on not caressing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menerkelete tura esemif I am in the middle of caressing | senerkelete tura eseŋif you are in the middle of caressing | olerkelete tura eseif he is in the middle of caressing | bizerkelete tura esekif we are in the middle of caressing | sizerkelete tura esegizif you all are in the middle of caressing | alaerkelete tura eseleif they are in the middle of caressing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menerkeletmey tura esemif I keep on not caressing | senerkeletmey tura eseŋif you keep on not caressing | olerkeletmey tura eseif he keeps on not caressing | bizerkeletmey tura esekif we keep on not caressing | sizerkeletmey tura esegizif you all keep on not caressing | alaerkeletmey tura eseleif they keep on not caressing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menerkeletdim esemif I caressed | senerkeletdiŋ eseŋif you caressed | olerkeletdi eseif he caressed | bizerkeletdik esekif we caressed | sizerkeletdigiz esegizif you all caressed | alaerkeletdile eseleif they caressed |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menerkeletmedim esemif I didn't caress | senerkeletmediŋ eseŋif you didn't caress | olerkeletmedi eseif he didn't caress | bizerkeletmedik esekif we didn't caress | sizerkeletmedigiz esegizif you all didn't caress | alaerkeletmedile eseleif they didn't caress |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menerkeletgen esemif I did caress (indeed) | senerkeletgen eseŋif you did caress (indeed) | olerkeletgen eseif he did caress (indeed) | bizerkeletgen esekif we did caress (indeed) | sizerkeletgen esegizif you all did caress (indeed) | alaerkeletgen eseleif they did caress (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menerkeletmegen esemif I didn't caress (indeed) | senerkeletmegen eseŋif you didn't caress (indeed) | olerkeletmegen eseif he didn't caress (indeed) | bizerkeletmegen esekif we didn't caress (indeed) | sizerkeletmegen esegizif you all didn't caress (indeed) | alaerkeletmegen eseleif they didn't caress (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menerkeletgen bolsamif I had caressed | senerkeletgen bolsaŋif you had caressed | olerkeletgen bolsaif he had caressed | bizerkeletgen bolsaqif we had caressed | sizerkeletgen bolsağızif you all had caressed | alaerkeletgen bolsalaif they had caressed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menerkeletmegen bolsamif I hadn't caressed | senerkeletmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't caressed | olerkeletmegen bolsaif he hadn't caressed | bizerkeletmegen bolsaqif we hadn't caressed | sizerkeletmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't caressed | alaerkeletmegen bolsalaif they hadn't caressed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menerkeletgen bolsam edierkeletgen bolsam edif only I had caressed | senerkeletgen bolsaŋ edierkeletgen bolsaŋ edif only you had caressed | olerkeletgen bolsa edierkeletgen bolsaedif only he had caressed | bizerkeletgen bolsaq edierkeletgen bolsaq edif only we had caressed | sizerkeletgen bolsağız edierkeletgen bolsağız edif only you all had caressed | alaerkeletgen bolsala edierkeletgen bolsalaedif only they had caressed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menerkeletmegen bolsam edierkeletmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't caressed | senerkeletmegen bolsaŋ edierkeletmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't caressed | olerkeletmegen bolsa edierkeletmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't caressed | bizerkeletmegen bolsaq edierkeletmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't caressed | sizerkeletmegen bolsağız edierkeletmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't caressed | alaerkeletmegen bolsala edierkeletmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't caressed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menerkeletir esemif I will caress | senerkeletir eseŋif you will caress | olerkeletir eseif he will caress | bizerkeletir esekif we will caress | sizerkeletir esegizif you all will caress | alaerkeletir eseleif they will caress |
| Conditional, aorist | menerkeletmez esemif I won't caress | senerkeletmez eseŋif you won't caress | olerkeletmez eseif he won't caress | bizerkeletmez esekif we won't caress | sizerkeletmez esegizif you all won't caress | alaerkeletmez eseleif they won't caress |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menerkeletirik esemif I am going to caress | senerkeletirik eseŋif you are going to caress | olerkeletirik eseif he is going to caress | bizerkeletirik esekif we are going to caress | sizerkeletirik esegizif you all are going to caress | alaerkeletirik eseleif they are going to caress |
| Conditional, future | menerkeletirik tül esemif I am not going to caress | senerkeletirik tül eseŋif you are not going to caress | olerkeletirik tül eseif he is not going to caress | bizerkeletirik tül esekif we are not going to caress | sizerkeletirik tül esegizif you all are not going to caress | alaerkeletirik tül eseleif they are not going to caress |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menerkeletirik bolsamif I were going to caress | senerkeletirik bolsaŋif you were going to caress | olerkeletirik bolsaif he were going to caress | bizerkeletirik bolsaqif we were going to caress | sizerkeletirik bolsağızif you all were going to caress | alaerkeletirik bolsalaif they were going to caress |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menerkeletmezlik bolsamif I were not going to caress | senerkeletmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to caress | olerkeletmezlik bolsaif he were not going to caress | bizerkeletmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to caress | sizerkeletmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to caress | alaerkeletmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to caress |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso erkeletdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menerkelete bolurmaI must be caressing | senerkelete bolursayou must be caressing | olerkelete bolurhe must be caressing | bizerkelete bolurbuzwe must be caressing | sizerkelete bolursuzyou all must be caressing | alaerkelete bolurlathey must be caressing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menerkeletmey bolurmaI must not be caressing | senerkeletmey bolursayou must not be caressing | olerkeletmey bolurhe must not be caressing | bizerkeletmey bolurbuzwe must not be caressing | sizerkeletmey bolursuzyou all must not be caressing | alaerkeletmey bolurlathey must not be caressing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menerkelete tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of caressing | senerkelete tura bolursayou must be in the middle of caressing | olerkelete tura bolurhe must be in the middle of caressing | bizerkelete tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of caressing | sizerkelete tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of caressing | alaerkelete tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of caressing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menerkeletmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not caressing | senerkeletmey tura bolursayou must keep on not caressing | olerkeletmey tura bolurhe must keep on not caressing | bizerkeletmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not caressing | sizerkeletmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not caressing | alaerkeletmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not caressing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menerkeletgen bolurmaI must have caressed | senerkeletgen bolursayou must have caressed | olerkeletgen bolurhe must have caressed | bizerkeletgen bolurbuzwe must have caressed | sizerkeletgen bolursuzyou all must have caressed | alaerkeletgen bolurlathey must have caressed |
| Inference (must have) | menerkeletmegen bolurmaI must not have caressed | senerkeletmegen bolursayou must not have caressed | olerkeletmegen bolurhe must not have caressed | bizerkeletmegen bolurbuzwe must not have caressed | sizerkeletmegen bolursuzyou all must not have caressed | alaerkeletmegen bolurlathey must not have caressed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menerkeletirik bolurmaI must be going to caress | senerkeletirik bolursayou must be going to caress | olerkeletirik bolurhe must be going to caress | bizerkeletirik bolurbuzwe must be going to caress | sizerkeletirik bolursuzyou all must be going to caress | alaerkeletirik bolurlathey must be going to caress |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menerkeletmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to caress | senerkeletmezlik bolursayou must not be going to caress | olerkeletmezlik bolurhe must not be going to caress | bizerkeletmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to caress | sizerkeletmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to caress | alaerkeletmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to caress |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menerkeleteyimlet me caress | senerkelet!caress! | olerkeletsinlet him caress | bizerkeleteyiklet's caress | sizerkeletigiz!caress, you all! | alaerkeletsinlelet them caress |
| Commands & suggestions | menerkeletmeyimlet me not caress | senerkeletme!don't caress! | olerkeletmesinlet him not caress | bizerkeletmeyiklet's not caress | sizerkeletmegiz!don't caress, you all! | alaerkeletmesinlelet them not caress |
| Commands & suggestions | menerkeleteyimmi?shall I caress? | olerkeletsinmi?should he caress? | bizerkeleteyikmi?shall we caress? | alaerkeletsinlemi?should they caress? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menerkeletmeyimmi?shall I not caress? | olerkeletmesinmi?should he not caress? | bizerkeletmeyikmi?shall we not caress? | alaerkeletmesinlemi?should they not caress? | ||
| Requests | senerkeletçi2erkeletçinplease caress | olerkeletsinçido let him caress | sizerkeletçigizplease caress (plural/polite) | alaerkeletsinleçido let them caress | ||
| Requests | senerkeletmeçi2erkeletmeçinplease don't caress | olerkeletmesinçido let him not caress | sizerkeletmeçigizplease don't caress (plural/polite) | alaerkeletmesinleçido let them not caress | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senerkeletginerkeletgimay you caress | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senerkeletmeginerkeletmegimay you not caress | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menerkeletgey edim erkeletge edimwould that I caressed | senerkeletgey ediŋ erkeletge ediŋwould that you caressed | olerkeletgey edi erkeletge ediwould that he caressed | bizerkeletgey edik erkeletge edikwould that we caressed | sizerkeletgey edigiz erkeletge edigizwould that you all caressed | alaerkeletgey edile erkeletge edilewould that they caressed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menerkeletmegey edim erkeletmege edimwould that I did not caress | senerkeletmegey ediŋ erkeletmege ediŋwould that you did not caress | olerkeletmegey edi erkeletmege ediwould that he did not caress | bizerkeletmegey edik erkeletmege edikwould that we did not caress | sizerkeletmegey edigiz erkeletmege edigizwould that you all did not caress | alaerkeletmegey edile erkeletmege edilewould that they did not caress |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menerkeletmege qoyayımerkeletme qoyayımlet me allow someone to caress | senerkeletmege qoy!erkeletme qoy!let someone caress! | olerkeletmege qoysunerkeletme qoysunlet him allow someone to caress | bizerkeletmege qoyayıqerkeletme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to caress | sizerkeletmege qoyuğuz!erkeletme qoyuğuz!let someone caress, you all! | alaerkeletmege qoysunlaerkeletme qoysunlalet them allow someone to caress |
| Let someone… (commands) | menerkeletmege qoymayımerkeletme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to caress | senerkeletmege qoyma!erkeletme qoyma!don't let someone caress! | olerkeletmege qoymasınerkeletme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to caress | bizerkeletmege qoymayıqerkeletme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to caress | sizerkeletmege qoymağız!erkeletme qoymağız!don't let someone caress, you all! | alaerkeletmege qoymasınlaerkeletme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to caress |
| Let someone… (commands) | menerkeletmege qoyayımmı?erkeletme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to caress? | olerkeletmege qoysunmu?erkeletme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to caress? | bizerkeletmege qoyayıqmı?erkeletme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to caress? | alaerkeletmege qoysunlamı?erkeletme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to caress? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menerkeletmege qoymayımmı?erkeletme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to caress? | olerkeletmege qoymasınmı?erkeletme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to caress? | bizerkeletmege qoymayıqmı?erkeletme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to caress? | alaerkeletmege qoymasınlamı?erkeletme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to caress? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menerkeletmege qoyamaerkeletme qoyamaI allow someone to caress | senerkeletmege qoyasaerkeletme qoyasayou allow someone to caress | olerkeletmege qoyadıerkeletme qoyadıhe allows someone to caress | bizerkeletmege qoyabızerkeletme qoyabızwe allow someone to caress | sizerkeletmege qoyasızerkeletme qoyasızyou all allow someone to caress | alaerkeletmege qoyadılaerkeletme qoyadılathey allow someone to caress |
| Let someone… (present) | menerkeletmege qoymaymaerkeletme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to caress | senerkeletmege qoymaysaerkeletme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to caress | olerkeletmege qoymaydıerkeletme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to caress | bizerkeletmege qoymaybızerkeletme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to caress | sizerkeletmege qoymaysızerkeletme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to caress | alaerkeletmege qoymaydılaerkeletme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to caress |
| Let someone… (present) | menerkeletmege qoyamamı?erkeletme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to caress? | senerkeletmege qoyamısa?erkeletme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to caress? | olerkeletmege qoyamıdı?erkeletme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to caress? | bizerkeletmege qoyabızmı?erkeletme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to caress? | sizerkeletmege qoyamısız?erkeletme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to caress? | alaerkeletmege qoyamıdıla?erkeletme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to caress? |
| Let someone… (present) | menerkeletmege qoymaymamı?erkeletme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to caress? | senerkeletmege qoymaymısa?erkeletme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to caress? | olerkeletmege qoymaymıdı?erkeletme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to caress? | bizerkeletmege qoymaybızmı?erkeletme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to caress? | sizerkeletmege qoymaymısız?erkeletme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to caress? | alaerkeletmege qoymaymıdıla?erkeletme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to caress? |
| Let someone… (past) | menerkeletmege qoydumerkeletme qoydumI allowed someone to caress | senerkeletmege qoyduŋerkeletme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to caress | olerkeletmege qoyduerkeletme qoyduhe allowed someone to caress | bizerkeletmege qoyduqerkeletme qoyduqwe allowed someone to caress | sizerkeletmege qoyduğuzerkeletme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to caress | alaerkeletmege qoydulaerkeletme qoydulathey allowed someone to caress |
| Let someone… (past) | menerkeletmege qoymadımerkeletme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to caress | senerkeletmege qoymadıŋerkeletme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to caress | olerkeletmege qoymadıerkeletme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to caress | bizerkeletmege qoymadıqerkeletme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to caress | sizerkeletmege qoymadığızerkeletme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to caress | alaerkeletmege qoymadılaerkeletme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to caress |
| Let someone… (past) | menerkeletmege qoydummu?erkeletme qoydummu?did I allow someone to caress? | senerkeletmege qoyduŋmu?erkeletme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to caress? | olerkeletmege qoydumu?erkeletme qoydumu?did he allow someone to caress? | bizerkeletmege qoyduqmu?erkeletme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to caress? | sizerkeletmege qoyduğuzmu?erkeletme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to caress? | alaerkeletmege qoydulamı?erkeletme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to caress? |
| Let someone… (past) | menerkeletmege qoymadımmı?erkeletme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to caress? | senerkeletmege qoymadıŋmı?erkeletme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to caress? | olerkeletmege qoymadımı?erkeletme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to caress? | bizerkeletmege qoymadıqmı?erkeletme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to caress? | sizerkeletmege qoymadığızmı?erkeletme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to caress? | alaerkeletmege qoymadılamı?erkeletme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to caress? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menerkeletalamaI can caress | senerkeletalasayou can caress | olerkeletaladıhe can caress | bizerkeletalabızwe can caress | sizerkeletalasızyou all can caress | alaerkeletaladılathey can caress |
| Ability — present | menerkeletalmaymaI can't caress | senerkeletalmaysayou can't caress | olerkeletalmaydıhe can't caress | bizerkeletalmaybızwe can't caress | sizerkeletalmaysızyou all can't caress | alaerkeletalmaydılathey can't caress |
| Ability — present | menerkeletalamamı? erkeletalamıma?can I caress? | senerkeletalamısa?can you caress? | olerkeletalamıdı?can he caress? | bizerkeletalabızmı? erkeletalamıbız?can we caress? | sizerkeletalamısız?can you all caress? | alaerkeletalamıdıla?can they caress? |
| Ability — present | menerkeletalmaymamı? erkeletalmaymıma?can't I caress? | senerkeletalmaymısa?can't you caress? | olerkeletalmaymıdı?can't he caress? | bizerkeletalmaybızmı? erkeletalmaymıbız?can't we caress? | sizerkeletalmaymısız?can't you all caress? | alaerkeletalmaymıdıla?can't they caress? |
| Ability — if I can… | menerkeletalsamif I can caress | senerkeletalsaŋif you can caress | olerkeletalsaif he can caress | bizerkeletalsaqif we can caress | sizerkeletalsağızif you all can caress | alaerkeletalsalaif they can caress |
| Ability — if I can… | menerkeletalmasamif I can't caress | senerkeletalmasaŋif you can't caress | olerkeletalmasaif he can't caress | bizerkeletalmasaqif we can't caress | sizerkeletalmasağızif you all can't caress | alaerkeletalmasalaif they can't caress |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menerkeletaldımI was able to caress | senerkeletaldıŋyou were able to caress | olerkeletaldıhe was able to caress | bizerkeletaldıqwe were able to caress | sizerkeletaldığızyou all were able to caress | alaerkeletaldılathey were able to caress |
| Ability — simple past | menerkeletalmadımI could not caress | senerkeletalmadıŋyou could not caress | olerkeletalmadıhe could not caress | bizerkeletalmadıqwe could not caress | sizerkeletalmadığızyou all could not caress | alaerkeletalmadılathey could not caress |
| Ability — simple past | menerkeletaldımmı?was I able to caress? | senerkeletaldıŋmı?were you able to caress? | olerkeletaldımı?was he able to caress? | bizerkeletaldıqmı?were we able to caress? | sizerkeletaldığızmı?were you all able to caress? | alaerkeletaldılamı?were they able to caress? |
| Ability — simple past | menerkeletalmadımmı?couldn't I caress? | senerkeletalmadıŋmı?couldn't you caress? | olerkeletalmadımı?couldn't he caress? | bizerkeletalmadıqmı?couldn't we caress? | sizerkeletalmadığızmı?couldn't you all caress? | alaerkeletalmadılamı?couldn't they caress? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menerkeletalğanmaI have been able to caress | senerkeletalğansayou have been able to caress | olerkeletalğandıhe has been able to caress | bizerkeletalğanbızwe have been able to caress | sizerkeletalğansızyou all have been able to caress | alaerkeletalğandılathey have been able to caress |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menerkeletalmağanmaI haven't been able to caress | senerkeletalmağansayou haven't been able to caress | olerkeletalmağandıhe hasn't been able to caress | bizerkeletalmağanbızwe haven't been able to caress | sizerkeletalmağansızyou all haven't been able to caress | alaerkeletalmağandılathey haven't been able to caress |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menerkeletalğanmamı? erkeletalğanmıma?have I been able to caress? | senerkeletalğanmısa?have you been able to caress? | olerkeletalğanmıdı?has he been able to caress? | bizerkeletalğanbızmı? erkeletalğanmıbız?have we been able to caress? | sizerkeletalğanmısız?have you all been able to caress? | alaerkeletalğanmıdıla?have they been able to caress? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menerkeletalmağanmamı? erkeletalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to caress? | senerkeletalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to caress? | olerkeletalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to caress? | bizerkeletalmağanbızmı? erkeletalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to caress? | sizerkeletalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to caress? | alaerkeletalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to caress? |
| Ability — past perfect | menerkeletalğan edimerkeletalğanemI had been able to caress | senerkeletalğan ediŋerkeletalğaneŋyou had been able to caress | olerkeletalğan edierkeletalğanedhe had been able to caress | bizerkeletalğan edikerkeletalğanekwe had been able to caress | sizerkeletalğan edigizerkeletalğanegizyou all had been able to caress | alaerkeletalğan edileerkeletalğanellethey had been able to caress |
| Ability — past perfect | menerkeletalmağan edimerkeletalmağanemI hadn't been able to caress | senerkeletalmağan ediŋerkeletalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to caress | olerkeletalmağan edierkeletalmağanedhe hadn't been able to caress | bizerkeletalmağan edikerkeletalmağanekwe hadn't been able to caress | sizerkeletalmağan edigizerkeletalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to caress | alaerkeletalmağan edileerkeletalmağanellethey hadn't been able to caress |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menerkeletala edimerkeletalaemI could caress | senerkeletala ediŋerkeletalaeŋyou could caress | olerkeletala edierkeletalaedhe could caress | bizerkeletala edikerkeletalaekwe could caress | sizerkeletala edigizerkeletalaegizyou all could caress | alaerkeletala edileerkeletalaellethey could caress |
| Ability — past background | menerkeletalmay edimerkeletalmayemI could not caress | senerkeletalmay ediŋerkeletalmayeŋyou could not caress | olerkeletalmay edierkeletalmayedhe could not caress | bizerkeletalmay edikerkeletalmayekwe could not caress | sizerkeletalmay edigizerkeletalmayegizyou all could not caress | alaerkeletalmay edileerkeletalmayellethey could not caress |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menerkeletalırmaI will be able to caress | senerkeletalırsayou will be able to caress | olerkeletalırhe will be able to caress | bizerkeletalırbızwe will be able to caress | sizerkeletalırsızyou all will be able to caress | alaerkeletalırlathey will be able to caress |
| Ability — future I | menerkeletalmazmaI won't be able to caress | senerkeletalmazsayou won't be able to caress | olerkeletalmazhe won't be able to caress | bizerkeletalmazbızwe won't be able to caress | sizerkeletalmazsızyou all won't be able to caress | alaerkeletalmazlathey won't be able to caress |
| Ability — future I | menerkeletalırmamı? erkeletalırmıma?will I be able to caress? | senerkeletalırmısa?will you be able to caress? | olerkeletalırmı?will he be able to caress? | bizerkeletalırbızmı? erkeletalırmıbız?will we be able to caress? | sizerkeletalırmısız?will you all be able to caress? | alaerkeletalırlamı? erkeletalırmıla?will they be able to caress? |
| Ability — future I | menerkeletalmazmamı? erkeletalmazmıma?won't I be able to caress? | senerkeletalmazmısa?won't you be able to caress? | olerkeletalmazmı?won't he be able to caress? | bizerkeletalmazbızmı? erkeletalmazmıbız?won't we be able to caress? | sizerkeletalmazmısız?won't you all be able to caress? | alaerkeletalmazlamı? erkeletalmazmıla?won't they be able to caress? |
| Ability — future II | menerkeletallıqmaI am going to be able to caress | senerkeletallıqsayou are going to be able to caress | olerkeletallıqdıhe is going to be able to caress | bizerkeletallıqbızwe are going to be able to caress | sizerkeletallıqsızyou all are going to be able to caress | alaerkeletallıqdılathey are going to be able to caress |
| Ability — future II | menerkeletallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to caress | senerkeletallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to caress | olerkeletallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to caress | bizerkeletallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to caress | sizerkeletallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to caress | alaerkeletallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to caress |
| Ability — future II | menerkeletallıqmamı? erkeletallıqmıma?am I going to be able to caress? | senerkeletallıqmısa?are you going to be able to caress? | olerkeletallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to caress? | bizerkeletallıqbızmı? erkeletallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to caress? | sizerkeletallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to caress? | alaerkeletallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to caress? |
| Ability — future II | menerkeletallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to caress? | senerkeletallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to caress? | olerkeletallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to caress? | bizerkeletallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to caress? | sizerkeletallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to caress? | alaerkeletallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to caress? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menerkeletalır edimerkeletalır emI would be able to caress | senerkeletalır ediŋerkeletalır eŋyou would be able to caress | olerkeletalır edierkeletalır edhe would be able to caress | bizerkeletalır edikerkeletalır ekwe would be able to caress | sizerkeletalır edigizerkeletalır egizyou all would be able to caress | alaerkeletalır edileerkeletalır ellethey would be able to caress |
| Ability — would be able to… | menerkeletalmaz edimerkeletalmaz emI wouldn't be able to caress | senerkeletalmaz ediŋerkeletalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to caress | olerkeletalmaz edierkeletalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to caress | bizerkeletalmaz edikerkeletalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to caress | sizerkeletalmaz edigizerkeletalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to caress | alaerkeletalmaz edileerkeletalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to caress |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senerkeletalğınerkeletalğımay you be able to caress | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senerkeletalmağınerkeletalmağımay you not be able to caress | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menerkeletirge izleymeI want to caress | senerkeletirge izleyseyou want to caress | olerkeletirge izleydihe wants to caress | bizerkeletirge izleybizwe want to caress | sizerkeletirge izleysizyou all want to caress | alaerkeletirge izleydilethey want to caress |
| want to | menerkeletirge izlemeymeI do not want to caress | senerkeletirge izlemeyseyou do not want to caress | olerkeletirge izlemeydihe does not want to caress | bizerkeletirge izlemeybizwe do not want to caress | sizerkeletirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to caress | alaerkeletirge izlemeydilethey do not want to caress |
| would like to | menerkeletirge süemeI would like to caress | senerkeletirge süeseyou would like to caress | olerkeletirge süedihe would like to caress | bizerkeletirge süebizwe would like to caress | sizerkeletirge süesizyou all would like to caress | alaerkeletirge süedilethey would like to caress |
| would like to | menerkeletirge süymeymeI would not like to caress | senerkeletirge süymeyseyou would not like to caress | olerkeletirge süymeydihe would not like to caress | bizerkeletirge süymeybizwe would not like to caress | sizerkeletirge süymeysizyou all would not like to caress | alaerkeletirge süymeydilethey would not like to caress |
| hope to | menerkeletirge umutlanamaI hope to caress | senerkeletirge umutlanasayou hope to caress | olerkeletirge umutlanadıhe hopes to caress | bizerkeletirge umutlanabızwe hope to caress | sizerkeletirge umutlanasızyou all hope to caress | alaerkeletirge umutlanadılathey hope to caress |
| hope to | menerkeletirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to caress | senerkeletirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to caress | olerkeletirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to caress | bizerkeletirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to caress | sizerkeletirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to caress | alaerkeletirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to caress |
| be about to | menerkeletirge deb turamaI am about to caress | senerkeletirge deb turasayou are about to caress | olerkeletirge deb turadıhe is about to caress | bizerkeletirge deb turabızwe are about to caress | sizerkeletirge deb turasızyou all are about to caress | alaerkeletirge deb turadılathey are about to caress |
| be about to | menerkeletirge deb turmaymaI am not about to caress | senerkeletirge deb turmaysayou are not about to caress | olerkeletirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to caress | bizerkeletirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to caress | sizerkeletirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to caress | alaerkeletirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to caress |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menerkeletirge kerekmeI need to caress | senerkeletirge kerekseyou need to caress | olerkeletirge kerekdihe needs to caress | bizerkeletirge kerekbizwe need to caress | sizerkeletirge kereksizyou all need to caress | alaerkeletirge kerekdilethey need to caress |
| need to | menerkeletirge kerek tülmeI do not need to caress | senerkeletirge kerek tülseyou do not need to caress | olerkeletirge kerek tüldühe does not need to caress | bizerkeletirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to caress | sizerkeletirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to caress | alaerkeletirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to caress |
| have to | menmenŋe erkeletirge tüşediI have to caress | sensenŋe erkeletirge tüşediyou have to caress | olaŋa erkeletirge tüşedihe has to caress | bizbizge erkeletirge tüşediwe have to caress | sizsizge erkeletirge tüşediyou all have to caress | alaalağa erkeletirge tüşedithey have to caress |
| have to | menmenŋe erkeletirge tüşmeydiI do not have to caress | sensenŋe erkeletirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to caress | olaŋa erkeletirge tüşmeydihe does not have to caress | bizbizge erkeletirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to caress | sizsizge erkeletirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to caress | alaalağa erkeletirge tüşmeydithey do not have to caress |
| be obliged to | menerkeletirge borçlumaI am obliged to caress | senerkeletirge borçlusayou are obliged to caress | olerkeletirge borçluduhe is obliged to caress | bizerkeletirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to caress | sizerkeletirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to caress | alaerkeletirge borçludulathey are obliged to caress |
| be obliged to | menerkeletirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to caress | senerkeletirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to caress | olerkeletirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to caress | bizerkeletirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to caress | sizerkeletirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to caress | alaerkeletirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to caress |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menerkeletirge madarım bardıI have a way to caress | senerkeletirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to caress | olerkeletirge madarı bardıhe has a way to caress | bizerkeletirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to caress | sizerkeletirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to caress | alaerkeletirge madarları bardıthey have a way to caress |
| have a way to | menerkeletirge madarım joqduI have no way to caress | senerkeletirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to caress | olerkeletirge madarı joqduhe has no way to caress | bizerkeletirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to caress | sizerkeletirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to caress | alaerkeletirge madarları joqduthey have no way to caress |
| be free to | menerkeletirge erkinligim bardıI am free to caress | senerkeletirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to caress | olerkeletirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to caress | bizerkeletirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to caress | sizerkeletirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to caress | alaerkeletirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to caress |
| be free to | menerkeletirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to caress | senerkeletirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to caress | olerkeletirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to caress | bizerkeletirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to caress | sizerkeletirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to caress | alaerkeletirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to caress |
| be possible to | menmenŋe erkeletirge bolluqduit is possible for me to caress | sensenŋe erkeletirge bolluqduit is possible for you to caress | olaŋa erkeletirge bolluqduit is possible for him to caress | bizbizge erkeletirge bolluqduit is possible for us to caress | sizsizge erkeletirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to caress | alaalağa erkeletirge bolluqduit is possible for them to caress |
| be possible to | menmenŋe erkeletirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to caress | sensenŋe erkeletirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to caress | olaŋa erkeletirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to caress | bizbizge erkeletirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to caress | sizsizge erkeletirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to caress | alaalağa erkeletirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to caress |
| be ready to | menerkeletirge hazırmaI am ready to caress | senerkeletirge hazırsayou are ready to caress | olerkeletirge hazırdıhe is ready to caress | bizerkeletirge hazırbızwe are ready to caress | sizerkeletirge hazırsızyou all are ready to caress | alaerkeletirge hazırdılathey are ready to caress |
| be ready to | menerkeletirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to caress | senerkeletirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to caress | olerkeletirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to caress | bizerkeletirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to caress | sizerkeletirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to caress | alaerkeletirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to caress |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menerkeletirge küreşemeI am trying to caress | senerkeletirge küreşeseyou are trying to caress | olerkeletirge küreşedihe is trying to caress | bizerkeletirge küreşebizwe are trying to caress | sizerkeletirge küreşesizyou all are trying to caress | alaerkeletirge küreşedilethey are trying to caress |
| try to | menerkeletirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to caress | senerkeletirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to caress | olerkeletirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to caress | bizerkeletirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to caress | sizerkeletirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to caress | alaerkeletirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to caress |
| agree to | menerkeletirge unaymaI agree to caress | senerkeletirge unaysayou agree to caress | olerkeletirge unaydıhe agrees to caress | bizerkeletirge unaybızwe agree to caress | sizerkeletirge unaysızyou all agree to caress | alaerkeletirge unaydılathey agree to caress |
| agree to | menerkeletirge unamaymaI refuse to caress | senerkeletirge unamaysayou refuse to caress | olerkeletirge unamaydıhe refuses to caress | bizerkeletirge unamaybızwe refuse to caress | sizerkeletirge unamaysızyou all refuse to caress | alaerkeletirge unamaydılathey refuse to caress |
| hurry to | menerkeletirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to caress | senerkeletirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to caress | olerkeletirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to caress | bizerkeletirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to caress | sizerkeletirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to caress | alaerkeletirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to caress |
| hurry to | menerkeletirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to caress | senerkeletirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to caress | olerkeletirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to caress | bizerkeletirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to caress | sizerkeletirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to caress | alaerkeletirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to caress |
| be afraid to | menerkeletirge qorqamaI am afraid to caress | senerkeletirge qorqasayou are afraid to caress | olerkeletirge qorqadıhe is afraid to caress | bizerkeletirge qorqabızwe are afraid to caress | sizerkeletirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to caress | alaerkeletirge qorqadılathey are afraid to caress |
| be afraid to | menerkeletirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to caress | senerkeletirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to caress | olerkeletirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to caress | bizerkeletirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to caress | sizerkeletirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to caress | alaerkeletirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to caress |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menerkelete bolmazmaI can't be caressing | senerkelete bolmazsayou can't be caressing | olerkelete bolmazhe can't be caressing | bizerkelete bolmazbızwe can't be caressing | sizerkelete bolmazsızyou all can't be caressing | alaerkelete bolmazlathey can't be caressing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menerkeletmey bolmazmaI must be caressing (emphatic) | senerkeletmey bolmazsayou must be caressing (emphatic) | olerkeletmey bolmazhe must be caressing (emphatic) | bizerkeletmey bolmazbızwe must be caressing (emphatic) | sizerkeletmey bolmazsızyou all must be caressing (emphatic) | alaerkeletmey bolmazlathey must be caressing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menerkelete turmasamif I don't keep caressing | senerkelete turmasaŋif you don't keep caressing | olerkelete turmasaif he doesn't keep caressing | bizerkelete turmasaqif we don't keep caressing | sizerkelete turmasağızif you all don't keep caressing | alaerkelete turmasalaif they don't keep caressing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menerkelete tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of caressing | senerkelete tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of caressing | olerkelete tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of caressing | bizerkelete tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of caressing | sizerkelete tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of caressing | alaerkelete tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of caressing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menerkeletmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not caressing (emphatic) | senerkeletmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not caressing (emphatic) | olerkeletmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not caressing (emphatic) | bizerkeletmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not caressing (emphatic) | sizerkeletmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not caressing (emphatic) | alaerkeletmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not caressing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menerkeletmey turamaI keep on not caressing | senerkeletmey turasayou keep on not caressing | olerkeletmey turadıhe keeps on not caressing | bizerkeletmey turabızwe keep on not caressing | sizerkeletmey turasızyou all keep on not caressing | alaerkeletmey turadılathey keep on not caressing |
| Progressive — double negation | menerkeletmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not caressing | senerkeletmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not caressing | olerkeletmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not caressing | bizerkeletmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not caressing | sizerkeletmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not caressing | alaerkeletmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not caressing |
| Progressive — double negation | menerkeletmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not caressing? | senerkeletmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not caressing? | olerkeletmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not caressing? | bizerkeletmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not caressing? | sizerkeletmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not caressing? | alaerkeletmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not caressing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menerkeletgen bolmazmaI can't have caressed | senerkeletgen bolmazsayou can't have caressed | olerkeletgen bolmazhe can't have caressed | bizerkeletgen bolmazbızwe can't have caressed | sizerkeletgen bolmazsızyou all can't have caressed | alaerkeletgen bolmazlathey can't have caressed |
| Inference — double negation | menerkeletmegen bolmazmaI must have caressed (emphatic) | senerkeletmegen bolmazsayou must have caressed (emphatic) | olerkeletmegen bolmazhe must have caressed (emphatic) | bizerkeletmegen bolmazbızwe must have caressed (emphatic) | sizerkeletmegen bolmazsızyou all must have caressed (emphatic) | alaerkeletmegen bolmazlathey must have caressed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menerkeletgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had caressed | senerkeletgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had caressed | olerkeletgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had caressed | bizerkeletgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had caressed | sizerkeletgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had caressed | alaerkeletgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had caressed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menerkeletmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't caressed | senerkeletmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't caressed | olerkeletmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't caressed | bizerkeletmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't caressed | sizerkeletmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't caressed | alaerkeletmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't caressed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menerkeletirik bolmazmaI can't be going to caress | senerkeletirik bolmazsayou can't be going to caress | olerkeletirik bolmazhe can't be going to caress | bizerkeletirik bolmazbızwe can't be going to caress | sizerkeletirik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to caress | alaerkeletirik bolmazlathey can't be going to caress |
| Inference, future — double negation | menerkeletmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to caress (emphatic) | senerkeletmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to caress (emphatic) | olerkeletmezlik bolmazhe must be going to caress (emphatic) | bizerkeletmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to caress (emphatic) | sizerkeletmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to caress (emphatic) | alaerkeletmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to caress (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menerkeletirik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to caress | senerkeletirik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to caress | olerkeletirik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to caress | bizerkeletirik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to caress | sizerkeletirik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to caress | alaerkeletirik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to caress |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menerkeletmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to caress | senerkeletmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to caress | olerkeletmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to caress | bizerkeletmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to caress | sizerkeletmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to caress | alaerkeletmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to caress |