erkelerge
/erkelerɡe/
1. pet, caress, make a fuss of, spoil, indulge
- sabiyni erkeleydi — she makes a fuss of the child
- men sabiyni erkeleyme — I pet the child
- anası anı erkeleb turadı — his mother keeps petting him
- erkeleb at atarğa — to give someone an affectionate name
2. take without asking, appropriate, take a fancy to
- kitabnı erkelerge — to appropriate the book
- anı erkeleb aldı — he took it without asking
- jerni erkeledi — he appropriated the plot of land
Conjugation
Common forms
- erkeleydihe is petting
- erkeledihe petted
- erkelegendihe has petted
- erkelerhe will pet
- erkelerikdihe is going to pet
- erkeley edihe was petting
- erkeleseif he pets
- erkele!pet!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menerkeleymeI am petting | senerkeleyseyou are petting | olerkeleydihe is petting | bizerkeleybizwe are petting | sizerkeleysizyou all are petting | alaerkeleydilethey are petting |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menerkelemeymeI am not petting | senerkelemeyseyou are not petting | olerkelemeydihe is not petting | bizerkelemeybizwe are not petting | sizerkelemeysizyou all are not petting | alaerkelemeydilethey are not petting |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menerkeleymemi? erkeleymime?am I petting? | senerkeleymise?are you petting? | olerkeleymidi?is he petting? | bizerkeleybizmi? erkeleymibiz?are we petting? | sizerkeleymisiz?are you all petting? | alaerkeleymidile?are they petting? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menerkelemeymemi? erkelemeymime?aren't I petting? | senerkelemeymise?aren't you petting? | olerkelemeymidi?isn't he petting? | bizerkelemeybizmi? erkelemeymibiz?aren't we petting? | sizerkelemeymisiz?aren't you all petting? | alaerkelemeymidile?aren't they petting? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menerkelewçenmeI usually pet | senerkelewçenseyou usually pet | olerkelewçendihe usually pets | bizerkelewçenbizwe usually pet | sizerkelewçensizyou all usually pet | alaerkelewçendilethey usually pet |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menerkelemewçenmeI usually don't pet | senerkelemewçenseyou usually don't pet | olerkelemewçendihe usually doesn't pet | bizerkelemewçenbizwe usually don't pet | sizerkelemewçensizyou all usually don't pet | alaerkelemewçendilethey usually don't pet |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menerkelewçenmemi? erkelewçenmime?do I usually pet? | senerkelewçenmise?do you usually pet? | olerkelewçenmidi?does he usually pet? | bizerkelewçenbizmi? erkelewçenmibiz?do we usually pet? | sizerkelewçenmisiz?do you all usually pet? | alaerkelewçenmidile?do they usually pet? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menerkelemewçenmemi? erkelemewçenmime?do I usually not pet? | senerkelemewçenmise?do you usually not pet? | olerkelemewçenmidi?does he usually not pet? | bizerkelemewçenbizmi? erkelemewçenmibiz?do we usually not pet? | sizerkelemewçenmisiz?do you all usually not pet? | alaerkelemewçenmidile?do they usually not pet? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olerkelebdihe has petted and remains so | alaerkelebdilethey have petted and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olerkelebmidi?has he petted? | alaerkelebmidile?have they petted? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menerkeleb turamaI keep petting | senerkeleb turasayou keep petting | olerkeleb turadıhe keeps petting | bizerkeleb turabızwe keep petting | sizerkeleb turasızyou all keep petting | alaerkeleb turadılathey keep petting |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menerkeleb turmaymaI don't keep petting | senerkeleb turmaysayou don't keep petting | olerkeleb turmaydıhe doesn't keep petting | bizerkeleb turmaybızwe don't keep petting | sizerkeleb turmaysızyou all don't keep petting | alaerkeleb turmaydılathey don't keep petting |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menerkeleb turamamı? erkeleb turamıma?do I keep petting? | senerkeleb turamısa?do you keep petting? | olerkeleb turamıdı?does he keep petting? | bizerkeleb turabızmı? erkeleb turamıbız?do we keep petting? | sizerkeleb turamısız?do you all keep petting? | alaerkeleb turamıdıla?do they keep petting? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menerkeleb turmaymamı? erkeleb turmaymıma?don't I keep petting? | senerkeleb turmaymısa?don't you keep petting? | olerkeleb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep petting? | bizerkeleb turmaybızmı? erkeleb turmaymıbız?don't we keep petting? | sizerkeleb turmaymısız?don't you all keep petting? | alaerkeleb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep petting? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menerkeley turamaI am in the middle of petting | senerkeley turasayou are in the middle of petting | olerkeley turadıhe is in the middle of petting | bizerkeley turabızwe are in the middle of petting | sizerkeley turasızyou all are in the middle of petting | alaerkeley turadılathey are in the middle of petting |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menerkeley turmaymaI am not in the middle of petting | senerkeley turmaysayou are not in the middle of petting | olerkeley turmaydıhe is not in the middle of petting | bizerkeley turmaybızwe are not in the middle of petting | sizerkeley turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of petting | alaerkeley turmaydılathey are not in the middle of petting |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menerkeley turamamı? erkeley turamıma?am I in the middle of petting? | senerkeley turamısa?are you in the middle of petting? | olerkeley turamıdı?is he in the middle of petting? | bizerkeley turabızmı? erkeley turamıbız?are we in the middle of petting? | sizerkeley turamısız?are you all in the middle of petting? | alaerkeley turamıdıla?are they in the middle of petting? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menerkeley turmaymamı? erkeley turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of petting? | senerkeley turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of petting? | olerkeley turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of petting? | bizerkeley turmaybızmı? erkeley turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of petting? | sizerkeley turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of petting? | alaerkeley turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of petting? |
| Simple past (definite) | menerkeledimI petted | senerkelediŋyou petted | olerkeledihe petted | bizerkeledikwe petted | sizerkeledigizyou all petted | alaerkeledilethey petted |
| Simple past (definite) | menerkelemedimI didn't pet | senerkelemediŋyou didn't pet | olerkelemedihe didn't pet | bizerkelemedikwe didn't pet | sizerkelemedigizyou all didn't pet | alaerkelemedilethey didn't pet |
| Simple past (definite) | menerkeledimmi?did I pet? | senerkelediŋmi?did you pet? | olerkeledimi?did he pet? | bizerkeledikmi?did we pet? | sizerkeledigizmi?did you all pet? | alaerkeledilemi?did they pet? |
| Simple past (definite) | menerkelemedimmi?didn't I pet? | senerkelemediŋmi?didn't you pet? | olerkelemedimi?didn't he pet? | bizerkelemedikmi?didn't we pet? | sizerkelemedigizmi?didn't you all pet? | alaerkelemedilemi?didn't they pet? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menerkelegenmeI have petted | senerkelegenseyou have petted | olerkelegendihe has petted | bizerkelegenbizwe have petted | sizerkelegensizyou all have petted | alaerkelegendilethey have petted |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menerkelemegenmeI haven't petted | senerkelemegenseyou haven't petted | olerkelemegendihe hasn't petted | bizerkelemegenbizwe haven't petted | sizerkelemegensizyou all haven't petted | alaerkelemegendilethey haven't petted |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menerkelegenmemi? erkelegenmime?have I petted? | senerkelegenmise?have you petted? | olerkelegenmidi?has he petted? | bizerkelegenbizmi? erkelegenmibiz?have we petted? | sizerkelegenmisiz?have you all petted? | alaerkelegenmidile?have they petted? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menerkelemegenmemi? erkelemegenmime?haven't I petted? | senerkelemegenmise?haven't you petted? | olerkelemegenmidi?hasn't he petted? | bizerkelemegenbizmi? erkelemegenmibiz?haven't we petted? | sizerkelemegenmisiz?haven't you all petted? | alaerkelemegenmidile?haven't they petted? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menerkeleb turdumI kept petting | senerkeleb turduŋyou kept petting | olerkeleb turduhe kept petting | bizerkeleb turduqwe kept petting | sizerkeleb turduğuzyou all kept petting | alaerkeleb turdulathey kept petting |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menerkeleb turmadımI didn't keep petting | senerkeleb turmadıŋyou didn't keep petting | olerkeleb turmadıhe didn't keep petting | bizerkeleb turmadıqwe didn't keep petting | sizerkeleb turmadığızyou all didn't keep petting | alaerkeleb turmadılathey didn't keep petting |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menerkelermeI will pet | senerkelerseyou will pet | olerkelerhe will pet | bizerkelerbizwe will pet | sizerkelersizyou all will pet | alaerkelerlethey will pet |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menerkelemezmeI won't pet | senerkelemezseyou won't pet | olerkelemezhe won't pet | bizerkelemezbizwe won't pet | sizerkelemezsizyou all won't pet | alaerkelemezlethey won't pet |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menerkelermemi? erkelermime?will I pet? | senerkelermise?will you pet? | olerkelermi?will he pet? | bizerkelerbizmi? erkelermibiz?will we pet? | sizerkelermisiz?will you all pet? | alaerkelerlemi? erkelermile?will they pet? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menerkelemezmemi? erkelemezmime?won't I pet? | senerkelemezmise?won't you pet? | olerkelemezmi?won't he pet? | bizerkelemezbizmi? erkelemezmibiz?won't we pet? | sizerkelemezmisiz?won't you all pet? | alaerkelemezlemi? erkelemezmile?won't they pet? |
| Definite future (future II) | menerkelerikmeI am going to pet | senerkelerikseyou are going to pet | olerkelerikdihe is going to pet | bizerkelerikbizwe are going to pet | sizerkeleriksizyou all are going to pet | alaerkelerikdilethey are going to pet |
| Definite future (future II) | menerkelerik tülmeI am not going to pet | senerkelerik tülseyou are not going to pet | olerkelerik tüldühe is not going to pet | bizerkelerik tülbüzwe are not going to pet | sizerkelerik tülsüzyou all are not going to pet | alaerkelerik tüldülethey are not going to pet |
| Definite future (future II) | menerkelerikmemi? erkelerikmime?am I going to pet? | senerkelerikmise?are you going to pet? | olerkelerikmidi?is he going to pet? | bizerkelerikbizmi? erkelerikmibiz?are we going to pet? | sizerkelerikmisiz?are you all going to pet? | alaerkelerikmidile?are they going to pet? |
| Definite future (future II) | menerkelerik tülmüme?aren't I going to pet? | senerkelerik tülmüse?aren't you going to pet? | olerkelerik tülmüdü?isn't he going to pet? | bizerkelerik tülmübüz?aren't we going to pet? | sizerkelerik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to pet? | alaerkelerik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to pet? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menerkelegen edimerkelegenemI had petted | senerkelegen ediŋerkelegeneŋyou had petted | olerkelegen edierkelegenedhe had petted | bizerkelegen edikerkelegenekwe had petted | sizerkelegen edigizerkelegenegizyou all had petted | alaerkelegen edileerkelegenellethey had petted |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menerkelemegen edimerkelemegenemI hadn't petted | senerkelemegen ediŋerkelemegeneŋyou hadn't petted | olerkelemegen edierkelemegenedhe hadn't petted | bizerkelemegen edikerkelemegenekwe hadn't petted | sizerkelemegen edigizerkelemegenegizyou all hadn't petted | alaerkelemegen edileerkelemegenellethey hadn't petted |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menerkeley edimerkeleyemI was petting | senerkeley ediŋerkeleyeŋyou were petting | olerkeley edierkeleyedhe was petting | bizerkeley edikerkeleyekwe were petting | sizerkeley edigizerkeleyegizyou all were petting | alaerkeley edileerkeleyellethey were petting |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menerkelemey edimerkelemeyemI wasn't petting | senerkelemey ediŋerkelemeyeŋyou weren't petting | olerkelemey edierkelemeyedhe wasn't petting | bizerkelemey edikerkelemeyekwe weren't petting | sizerkelemey edigizerkelemeyegizyou all weren't petting | alaerkelemey edileerkelemeyellethey weren't petting |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menerkelewçen edimerkelewçenemI used to pet | senerkelewçen ediŋerkelewçeneŋyou used to pet | olerkelewçen edierkelewçenedhe used to pet | bizerkelewçen edikerkelewçenekwe used to pet | sizerkelewçen edigizerkelewçenegizyou all used to pet | alaerkelewçen edileerkelewçenellethey used to pet |
| Habitual past (used to) | menerkelemewçen edimerkelemewçenemI didn't use to pet | senerkelemewçen ediŋerkelemewçeneŋyou didn't use to pet | olerkelemewçen edierkelemewçenedhe didn't use to pet | bizerkelemewçen edikerkelemewçenekwe didn't use to pet | sizerkelemewçen edigizerkelemewçenegizyou all didn't use to pet | alaerkelemewçen edileerkelemewçenellethey didn't use to pet |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olerkeleb edihe had petted and remained so | alaerkeleb edilethey had petted and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olerkeleb tül edihe hadn't petted | alaerkeleb tül edilethey hadn't petted | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menerkeleb tura edimerkeleb turaemI had kept petting | senerkeleb tura ediŋerkeleb turaeŋyou had kept petting | olerkeleb tura edierkeleb turaedhe had kept petting | bizerkeleb tura edikerkeleb turaekwe had kept petting | sizerkeleb tura edigizerkeleb turaegizyou all had kept petting | alaerkeleb tura edileerkeleb turaellethey had kept petting |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menerkeleb turmay edimerkeleb turmayemI hadn't kept petting | senerkeleb turmay ediŋerkeleb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept petting | olerkeleb turmay edierkeleb turmayedhe hadn't kept petting | bizerkeleb turmay edikerkeleb turmayekwe hadn't kept petting | sizerkeleb turmay edigizerkeleb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept petting | alaerkeleb turmay edileerkeleb turmayellethey hadn't kept petting |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menerkeley tura edimerkeley turaemI was in the middle of petting | senerkeley tura ediŋerkeley turaeŋyou were in the middle of petting | olerkeley tura edierkeley turaedhe was in the middle of petting | bizerkeley tura edikerkeley turaekwe were in the middle of petting | sizerkeley tura edigizerkeley turaegizyou all were in the middle of petting | alaerkeley tura edileerkeley turaellethey were in the middle of petting |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menerkeley turmay edimerkeley turmayemI wasn't in the middle of petting | senerkeley turmay ediŋerkeley turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of petting | olerkeley turmay edierkeley turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of petting | bizerkeley turmay edikerkeley turmayekwe weren't in the middle of petting | sizerkeley turmay edigizerkeley turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of petting | alaerkeley turmay edileerkeley turmayellethey weren't in the middle of petting |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menerkeler edimerkeler emI would pet | senerkeler ediŋerkeler eŋyou would pet | olerkeler edierkeler edhe would pet | bizerkeler edikerkeler ekwe would pet | sizerkeler edigizerkeler egizyou all would pet | alaerkeler edileerkeler ellethey would pet |
| Conditional result (would) | menerkelemez edimerkelemez emI wouldn't pet | senerkelemez ediŋerkelemez eŋyou wouldn't pet | olerkelemez edierkelemez edhe wouldn't pet | bizerkelemez edikerkelemez ekwe wouldn't pet | sizerkelemez edigizerkelemez egizyou all wouldn't pet | alaerkelemez edileerkelemez ellethey wouldn't pet |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menerkelerik edimerkelerik emI would have petted | senerkelerik ediŋerkelerik eŋyou would have petted | olerkelerik edierkelerik edhe would have petted | bizerkelerik edikerkelerik ekwe would have petted | sizerkelerik edigizerkelerik egizyou all would have petted | alaerkelerik edileerkelerik ellethey would have petted |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menerkelerik tül edimerkelerik tül emI wouldn't have petted | senerkelerik tül ediŋerkelerik tül eŋyou wouldn't have petted | olerkelerik tül edierkelerik tül edhe wouldn't have petted | bizerkelerik tül edikerkelerik tül ekwe wouldn't have petted | sizerkelerik tül edigizerkelerik tül egizyou all wouldn't have petted | alaerkelerik tül edileerkelerik tül ellethey wouldn't have petted |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menerkelesemif I pet | senerkeleseŋif you pet | olerkeleseif he pets | bizerkelesekif we pet | sizerkelesegizif you all pet | alaerkeleseleif they pet |
| Conditional | menerkelemesemif I don't pet | senerkelemeseŋif you don't pet | olerkelemeseif he doesn't pet | bizerkelemesekif we don't pet | sizerkelemesegizif you all don't pet | alaerkelemeseleif they don't pet |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menerkeley esemif I am petting | senerkeley eseŋif you are petting | olerkeley eseif he is petting | bizerkeley esekif we are petting | sizerkeley esegizif you all are petting | alaerkeley eseleif they are petting |
| Conditional, present real | menerkelemey esemif I am not petting | senerkelemey eseŋif you are not petting | olerkelemey eseif he is not petting | bizerkelemey esekif we are not petting | sizerkelemey esegizif you all are not petting | alaerkelemey eseleif they are not petting |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menerkelesem edierkelesem edif only I petted | senerkeleseŋ edierkeleseŋ edif only you petted | olerkelese edierkelesedif only he petted | bizerkelesek edierkelesek edif only we petted | sizerkelesegiz edierkelesegiz edif only you all petted | alaerkelesele edierkeleseledif only they petted |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menerkelemesem edierkelemesem edif only I didn't pet | senerkelemeseŋ edierkelemeseŋ edif only you didn't pet | olerkelemese edierkelemesedif only he didn't pet | bizerkelemesek edierkelemesek edif only we didn't pet | sizerkelemesegiz edierkelemesegiz edif only you all didn't pet | alaerkelemesele edierkelemeseledif only they didn't pet |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menerkeleb tursamif I carry on petting | senerkeleb tursaŋif you carry on petting | olerkeleb tursaif he carries on petting | bizerkeleb tursaqif we carry on petting | sizerkeleb tursağızif you all carry on petting | alaerkeleb tursalaif they carry on petting |
| Durative conditional | menerkeleb turmasamif I don't carry on petting | senerkeleb turmasaŋif you don't carry on petting | olerkeleb turmasaif he doesn't carry on petting | bizerkeleb turmasaqif we don't carry on petting | sizerkeleb turmasağızif you all don't carry on petting | alaerkeleb turmasalaif they don't carry on petting |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menerkeleb tura esemif I have kept petting | senerkeleb tura eseŋif you have kept petting | olerkeleb tura eseif he has kept petting | bizerkeleb tura esekif we have kept petting | sizerkeleb tura esegizif you all have kept petting | alaerkeleb tura eseleif they have kept petting |
| Durative conditional, present real | menerkeleb turmay esemif I haven't kept petting | senerkeleb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept petting | olerkeleb turmay eseif he hasn't kept petting | bizerkeleb turmay esekif we haven't kept petting | sizerkeleb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept petting | alaerkeleb turmay eseleif they haven't kept petting |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menerkeley tursamif I keep petting | senerkeley tursaŋif you keep petting | olerkeley tursaif he keeps petting | bizerkeley tursaqif we keep petting | sizerkeley tursağızif you all keep petting | alaerkeley tursalaif they keep petting |
| Progressive conditional | menerkelemey tursamif I keep on not petting | senerkelemey tursaŋif you keep on not petting | olerkelemey tursaif he keeps on not petting | bizerkelemey tursaqif we keep on not petting | sizerkelemey tursağızif you all keep on not petting | alaerkelemey tursalaif they keep on not petting |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menerkeley tura esemif I am in the middle of petting | senerkeley tura eseŋif you are in the middle of petting | olerkeley tura eseif he is in the middle of petting | bizerkeley tura esekif we are in the middle of petting | sizerkeley tura esegizif you all are in the middle of petting | alaerkeley tura eseleif they are in the middle of petting |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menerkelemey tura esemif I keep on not petting | senerkelemey tura eseŋif you keep on not petting | olerkelemey tura eseif he keeps on not petting | bizerkelemey tura esekif we keep on not petting | sizerkelemey tura esegizif you all keep on not petting | alaerkelemey tura eseleif they keep on not petting |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menerkeledim esemif I petted | senerkelediŋ eseŋif you petted | olerkeledi eseif he petted | bizerkeledik esekif we petted | sizerkeledigiz esegizif you all petted | alaerkeledile eseleif they petted |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menerkelemedim esemif I didn't pet | senerkelemediŋ eseŋif you didn't pet | olerkelemedi eseif he didn't pet | bizerkelemedik esekif we didn't pet | sizerkelemedigiz esegizif you all didn't pet | alaerkelemedile eseleif they didn't pet |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menerkelegen esemif I did pet (indeed) | senerkelegen eseŋif you did pet (indeed) | olerkelegen eseif he did pet (indeed) | bizerkelegen esekif we did pet (indeed) | sizerkelegen esegizif you all did pet (indeed) | alaerkelegen eseleif they did pet (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menerkelemegen esemif I didn't pet (indeed) | senerkelemegen eseŋif you didn't pet (indeed) | olerkelemegen eseif he didn't pet (indeed) | bizerkelemegen esekif we didn't pet (indeed) | sizerkelemegen esegizif you all didn't pet (indeed) | alaerkelemegen eseleif they didn't pet (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menerkelegen bolsamif I had petted | senerkelegen bolsaŋif you had petted | olerkelegen bolsaif he had petted | bizerkelegen bolsaqif we had petted | sizerkelegen bolsağızif you all had petted | alaerkelegen bolsalaif they had petted |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menerkelemegen bolsamif I hadn't petted | senerkelemegen bolsaŋif you hadn't petted | olerkelemegen bolsaif he hadn't petted | bizerkelemegen bolsaqif we hadn't petted | sizerkelemegen bolsağızif you all hadn't petted | alaerkelemegen bolsalaif they hadn't petted |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menerkelegen bolsam edierkelegen bolsam edif only I had petted | senerkelegen bolsaŋ edierkelegen bolsaŋ edif only you had petted | olerkelegen bolsa edierkelegen bolsaedif only he had petted | bizerkelegen bolsaq edierkelegen bolsaq edif only we had petted | sizerkelegen bolsağız edierkelegen bolsağız edif only you all had petted | alaerkelegen bolsala edierkelegen bolsalaedif only they had petted |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menerkelemegen bolsam edierkelemegen bolsam edif only I hadn't petted | senerkelemegen bolsaŋ edierkelemegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't petted | olerkelemegen bolsa edierkelemegen bolsaedif only he hadn't petted | bizerkelemegen bolsaq edierkelemegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't petted | sizerkelemegen bolsağız edierkelemegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't petted | alaerkelemegen bolsala edierkelemegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't petted |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menerkeler esemif I will pet | senerkeler eseŋif you will pet | olerkeler eseif he will pet | bizerkeler esekif we will pet | sizerkeler esegizif you all will pet | alaerkeler eseleif they will pet |
| Conditional, aorist | menerkelemez esemif I won't pet | senerkelemez eseŋif you won't pet | olerkelemez eseif he won't pet | bizerkelemez esekif we won't pet | sizerkelemez esegizif you all won't pet | alaerkelemez eseleif they won't pet |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menerkelerik esemif I am going to pet | senerkelerik eseŋif you are going to pet | olerkelerik eseif he is going to pet | bizerkelerik esekif we are going to pet | sizerkelerik esegizif you all are going to pet | alaerkelerik eseleif they are going to pet |
| Conditional, future | menerkelerik tül esemif I am not going to pet | senerkelerik tül eseŋif you are not going to pet | olerkelerik tül eseif he is not going to pet | bizerkelerik tül esekif we are not going to pet | sizerkelerik tül esegizif you all are not going to pet | alaerkelerik tül eseleif they are not going to pet |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menerkelerik bolsamif I were going to pet | senerkelerik bolsaŋif you were going to pet | olerkelerik bolsaif he were going to pet | bizerkelerik bolsaqif we were going to pet | sizerkelerik bolsağızif you all were going to pet | alaerkelerik bolsalaif they were going to pet |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menerkelemezlik bolsamif I were not going to pet | senerkelemezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to pet | olerkelemezlik bolsaif he were not going to pet | bizerkelemezlik bolsaqif we were not going to pet | sizerkelemezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to pet | alaerkelemezlik bolsalaif they were not going to pet |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso erkelediŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menerkeley bolurmaI must be petting | senerkeley bolursayou must be petting | olerkeley bolurhe must be petting | bizerkeley bolurbuzwe must be petting | sizerkeley bolursuzyou all must be petting | alaerkeley bolurlathey must be petting |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menerkelemey bolurmaI must not be petting | senerkelemey bolursayou must not be petting | olerkelemey bolurhe must not be petting | bizerkelemey bolurbuzwe must not be petting | sizerkelemey bolursuzyou all must not be petting | alaerkelemey bolurlathey must not be petting |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menerkeley tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of petting | senerkeley tura bolursayou must be in the middle of petting | olerkeley tura bolurhe must be in the middle of petting | bizerkeley tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of petting | sizerkeley tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of petting | alaerkeley tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of petting |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menerkelemey tura bolurmaI must keep on not petting | senerkelemey tura bolursayou must keep on not petting | olerkelemey tura bolurhe must keep on not petting | bizerkelemey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not petting | sizerkelemey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not petting | alaerkelemey tura bolurlathey must keep on not petting |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menerkelegen bolurmaI must have petted | senerkelegen bolursayou must have petted | olerkelegen bolurhe must have petted | bizerkelegen bolurbuzwe must have petted | sizerkelegen bolursuzyou all must have petted | alaerkelegen bolurlathey must have petted |
| Inference (must have) | menerkelemegen bolurmaI must not have petted | senerkelemegen bolursayou must not have petted | olerkelemegen bolurhe must not have petted | bizerkelemegen bolurbuzwe must not have petted | sizerkelemegen bolursuzyou all must not have petted | alaerkelemegen bolurlathey must not have petted |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menerkelerik bolurmaI must be going to pet | senerkelerik bolursayou must be going to pet | olerkelerik bolurhe must be going to pet | bizerkelerik bolurbuzwe must be going to pet | sizerkelerik bolursuzyou all must be going to pet | alaerkelerik bolurlathey must be going to pet |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menerkelemezlik bolurmaI must not be going to pet | senerkelemezlik bolursayou must not be going to pet | olerkelemezlik bolurhe must not be going to pet | bizerkelemezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to pet | sizerkelemezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to pet | alaerkelemezlik bolurlathey must not be going to pet |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menerkeleyimlet me pet | senerkele!pet! | olerkelesinlet him pet | bizerkeleyiklet's pet | sizerkelegiz!pet, you all! | alaerkelesinlelet them pet |
| Commands & suggestions | menerkelemeyimlet me not pet | senerkeleme!don't pet! | olerkelemesinlet him not pet | bizerkelemeyiklet's not pet | sizerkelemegiz!don't pet, you all! | alaerkelemesinlelet them not pet |
| Commands & suggestions | menerkeleyimmi?shall I pet? | olerkelesinmi?should he pet? | bizerkeleyikmi?shall we pet? | alaerkelesinlemi?should they pet? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menerkelemeyimmi?shall I not pet? | olerkelemesinmi?should he not pet? | bizerkelemeyikmi?shall we not pet? | alaerkelemesinlemi?should they not pet? | ||
| Requests | senerkeleçi2erkeleçinplease pet | olerkelesinçido let him pet | sizerkeleçigizplease pet (plural/polite) | alaerkelesinleçido let them pet | ||
| Requests | senerkelemeçi2erkelemeçinplease don't pet | olerkelemesinçido let him not pet | sizerkelemeçigizplease don't pet (plural/polite) | alaerkelemesinleçido let them not pet | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senerkeleginerkelegimay you pet | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senerkelemeginerkelemegimay you not pet | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menerkelegey edim erkelege edimwould that I petted | senerkelegey ediŋ erkelege ediŋwould that you petted | olerkelegey edi erkelege ediwould that he petted | bizerkelegey edik erkelege edikwould that we petted | sizerkelegey edigiz erkelege edigizwould that you all petted | alaerkelegey edile erkelege edilewould that they petted |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menerkelemegey edim erkelemege edimwould that I did not pet | senerkelemegey ediŋ erkelemege ediŋwould that you did not pet | olerkelemegey edi erkelemege ediwould that he did not pet | bizerkelemegey edik erkelemege edikwould that we did not pet | sizerkelemegey edigiz erkelemege edigizwould that you all did not pet | alaerkelemegey edile erkelemege edilewould that they did not pet |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menerkelemege qoyayımerkeleme qoyayımlet me allow someone to pet | senerkelemege qoy!erkeleme qoy!let someone pet! | olerkelemege qoysunerkeleme qoysunlet him allow someone to pet | bizerkelemege qoyayıqerkeleme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to pet | sizerkelemege qoyuğuz!erkeleme qoyuğuz!let someone pet, you all! | alaerkelemege qoysunlaerkeleme qoysunlalet them allow someone to pet |
| Let someone… (commands) | menerkelemege qoymayımerkeleme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to pet | senerkelemege qoyma!erkeleme qoyma!don't let someone pet! | olerkelemege qoymasınerkeleme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to pet | bizerkelemege qoymayıqerkeleme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to pet | sizerkelemege qoymağız!erkeleme qoymağız!don't let someone pet, you all! | alaerkelemege qoymasınlaerkeleme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to pet |
| Let someone… (commands) | menerkelemege qoyayımmı?erkeleme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to pet? | olerkelemege qoysunmu?erkeleme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to pet? | bizerkelemege qoyayıqmı?erkeleme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to pet? | alaerkelemege qoysunlamı?erkeleme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to pet? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menerkelemege qoymayımmı?erkeleme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to pet? | olerkelemege qoymasınmı?erkeleme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to pet? | bizerkelemege qoymayıqmı?erkeleme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to pet? | alaerkelemege qoymasınlamı?erkeleme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to pet? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menerkelemege qoyamaerkeleme qoyamaI allow someone to pet | senerkelemege qoyasaerkeleme qoyasayou allow someone to pet | olerkelemege qoyadıerkeleme qoyadıhe allows someone to pet | bizerkelemege qoyabızerkeleme qoyabızwe allow someone to pet | sizerkelemege qoyasızerkeleme qoyasızyou all allow someone to pet | alaerkelemege qoyadılaerkeleme qoyadılathey allow someone to pet |
| Let someone… (present) | menerkelemege qoymaymaerkeleme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to pet | senerkelemege qoymaysaerkeleme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to pet | olerkelemege qoymaydıerkeleme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to pet | bizerkelemege qoymaybızerkeleme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to pet | sizerkelemege qoymaysızerkeleme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to pet | alaerkelemege qoymaydılaerkeleme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to pet |
| Let someone… (present) | menerkelemege qoyamamı?erkeleme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to pet? | senerkelemege qoyamısa?erkeleme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to pet? | olerkelemege qoyamıdı?erkeleme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to pet? | bizerkelemege qoyabızmı?erkeleme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to pet? | sizerkelemege qoyamısız?erkeleme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to pet? | alaerkelemege qoyamıdıla?erkeleme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to pet? |
| Let someone… (present) | menerkelemege qoymaymamı?erkeleme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to pet? | senerkelemege qoymaymısa?erkeleme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to pet? | olerkelemege qoymaymıdı?erkeleme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to pet? | bizerkelemege qoymaybızmı?erkeleme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to pet? | sizerkelemege qoymaymısız?erkeleme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to pet? | alaerkelemege qoymaymıdıla?erkeleme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to pet? |
| Let someone… (past) | menerkelemege qoydumerkeleme qoydumI allowed someone to pet | senerkelemege qoyduŋerkeleme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to pet | olerkelemege qoyduerkeleme qoyduhe allowed someone to pet | bizerkelemege qoyduqerkeleme qoyduqwe allowed someone to pet | sizerkelemege qoyduğuzerkeleme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to pet | alaerkelemege qoydulaerkeleme qoydulathey allowed someone to pet |
| Let someone… (past) | menerkelemege qoymadımerkeleme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to pet | senerkelemege qoymadıŋerkeleme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to pet | olerkelemege qoymadıerkeleme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to pet | bizerkelemege qoymadıqerkeleme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to pet | sizerkelemege qoymadığızerkeleme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to pet | alaerkelemege qoymadılaerkeleme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to pet |
| Let someone… (past) | menerkelemege qoydummu?erkeleme qoydummu?did I allow someone to pet? | senerkelemege qoyduŋmu?erkeleme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to pet? | olerkelemege qoydumu?erkeleme qoydumu?did he allow someone to pet? | bizerkelemege qoyduqmu?erkeleme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to pet? | sizerkelemege qoyduğuzmu?erkeleme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to pet? | alaerkelemege qoydulamı?erkeleme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to pet? |
| Let someone… (past) | menerkelemege qoymadımmı?erkeleme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to pet? | senerkelemege qoymadıŋmı?erkeleme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to pet? | olerkelemege qoymadımı?erkeleme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to pet? | bizerkelemege qoymadıqmı?erkeleme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to pet? | sizerkelemege qoymadığızmı?erkeleme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to pet? | alaerkelemege qoymadılamı?erkeleme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to pet? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menerkeleyalamaI can pet | senerkeleyalasayou can pet | olerkeleyaladıhe can pet | bizerkeleyalabızwe can pet | sizerkeleyalasızyou all can pet | alaerkeleyaladılathey can pet |
| Ability — present | menerkeleyalmaymaI can't pet | senerkeleyalmaysayou can't pet | olerkeleyalmaydıhe can't pet | bizerkeleyalmaybızwe can't pet | sizerkeleyalmaysızyou all can't pet | alaerkeleyalmaydılathey can't pet |
| Ability — present | menerkeleyalamamı? erkeleyalamıma?can I pet? | senerkeleyalamısa?can you pet? | olerkeleyalamıdı?can he pet? | bizerkeleyalabızmı? erkeleyalamıbız?can we pet? | sizerkeleyalamısız?can you all pet? | alaerkeleyalamıdıla?can they pet? |
| Ability — present | menerkeleyalmaymamı? erkeleyalmaymıma?can't I pet? | senerkeleyalmaymısa?can't you pet? | olerkeleyalmaymıdı?can't he pet? | bizerkeleyalmaybızmı? erkeleyalmaymıbız?can't we pet? | sizerkeleyalmaymısız?can't you all pet? | alaerkeleyalmaymıdıla?can't they pet? |
| Ability — if I can… | menerkeleyalsamif I can pet | senerkeleyalsaŋif you can pet | olerkeleyalsaif he can pet | bizerkeleyalsaqif we can pet | sizerkeleyalsağızif you all can pet | alaerkeleyalsalaif they can pet |
| Ability — if I can… | menerkeleyalmasamif I can't pet | senerkeleyalmasaŋif you can't pet | olerkeleyalmasaif he can't pet | bizerkeleyalmasaqif we can't pet | sizerkeleyalmasağızif you all can't pet | alaerkeleyalmasalaif they can't pet |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menerkeleyaldımI was able to pet | senerkeleyaldıŋyou were able to pet | olerkeleyaldıhe was able to pet | bizerkeleyaldıqwe were able to pet | sizerkeleyaldığızyou all were able to pet | alaerkeleyaldılathey were able to pet |
| Ability — simple past | menerkeleyalmadımI could not pet | senerkeleyalmadıŋyou could not pet | olerkeleyalmadıhe could not pet | bizerkeleyalmadıqwe could not pet | sizerkeleyalmadığızyou all could not pet | alaerkeleyalmadılathey could not pet |
| Ability — simple past | menerkeleyaldımmı?was I able to pet? | senerkeleyaldıŋmı?were you able to pet? | olerkeleyaldımı?was he able to pet? | bizerkeleyaldıqmı?were we able to pet? | sizerkeleyaldığızmı?were you all able to pet? | alaerkeleyaldılamı?were they able to pet? |
| Ability — simple past | menerkeleyalmadımmı?couldn't I pet? | senerkeleyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you pet? | olerkeleyalmadımı?couldn't he pet? | bizerkeleyalmadıqmı?couldn't we pet? | sizerkeleyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all pet? | alaerkeleyalmadılamı?couldn't they pet? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menerkeleyalğanmaI have been able to pet | senerkeleyalğansayou have been able to pet | olerkeleyalğandıhe has been able to pet | bizerkeleyalğanbızwe have been able to pet | sizerkeleyalğansızyou all have been able to pet | alaerkeleyalğandılathey have been able to pet |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menerkeleyalmağanmaI haven't been able to pet | senerkeleyalmağansayou haven't been able to pet | olerkeleyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to pet | bizerkeleyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to pet | sizerkeleyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to pet | alaerkeleyalmağandılathey haven't been able to pet |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menerkeleyalğanmamı? erkeleyalğanmıma?have I been able to pet? | senerkeleyalğanmısa?have you been able to pet? | olerkeleyalğanmıdı?has he been able to pet? | bizerkeleyalğanbızmı? erkeleyalğanmıbız?have we been able to pet? | sizerkeleyalğanmısız?have you all been able to pet? | alaerkeleyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to pet? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menerkeleyalmağanmamı? erkeleyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to pet? | senerkeleyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to pet? | olerkeleyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to pet? | bizerkeleyalmağanbızmı? erkeleyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to pet? | sizerkeleyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to pet? | alaerkeleyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to pet? |
| Ability — past perfect | menerkeleyalğan edimerkeleyalğanemI had been able to pet | senerkeleyalğan ediŋerkeleyalğaneŋyou had been able to pet | olerkeleyalğan edierkeleyalğanedhe had been able to pet | bizerkeleyalğan edikerkeleyalğanekwe had been able to pet | sizerkeleyalğan edigizerkeleyalğanegizyou all had been able to pet | alaerkeleyalğan edileerkeleyalğanellethey had been able to pet |
| Ability — past perfect | menerkeleyalmağan edimerkeleyalmağanemI hadn't been able to pet | senerkeleyalmağan ediŋerkeleyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to pet | olerkeleyalmağan edierkeleyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to pet | bizerkeleyalmağan edikerkeleyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to pet | sizerkeleyalmağan edigizerkeleyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to pet | alaerkeleyalmağan edileerkeleyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to pet |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menerkeleyala edimerkeleyalaemI could pet | senerkeleyala ediŋerkeleyalaeŋyou could pet | olerkeleyala edierkeleyalaedhe could pet | bizerkeleyala edikerkeleyalaekwe could pet | sizerkeleyala edigizerkeleyalaegizyou all could pet | alaerkeleyala edileerkeleyalaellethey could pet |
| Ability — past background | menerkeleyalmay edimerkeleyalmayemI could not pet | senerkeleyalmay ediŋerkeleyalmayeŋyou could not pet | olerkeleyalmay edierkeleyalmayedhe could not pet | bizerkeleyalmay edikerkeleyalmayekwe could not pet | sizerkeleyalmay edigizerkeleyalmayegizyou all could not pet | alaerkeleyalmay edileerkeleyalmayellethey could not pet |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menerkeleyalırmaI will be able to pet | senerkeleyalırsayou will be able to pet | olerkeleyalırhe will be able to pet | bizerkeleyalırbızwe will be able to pet | sizerkeleyalırsızyou all will be able to pet | alaerkeleyalırlathey will be able to pet |
| Ability — future I | menerkeleyalmazmaI won't be able to pet | senerkeleyalmazsayou won't be able to pet | olerkeleyalmazhe won't be able to pet | bizerkeleyalmazbızwe won't be able to pet | sizerkeleyalmazsızyou all won't be able to pet | alaerkeleyalmazlathey won't be able to pet |
| Ability — future I | menerkeleyalırmamı? erkeleyalırmıma?will I be able to pet? | senerkeleyalırmısa?will you be able to pet? | olerkeleyalırmı?will he be able to pet? | bizerkeleyalırbızmı? erkeleyalırmıbız?will we be able to pet? | sizerkeleyalırmısız?will you all be able to pet? | alaerkeleyalırlamı? erkeleyalırmıla?will they be able to pet? |
| Ability — future I | menerkeleyalmazmamı? erkeleyalmazmıma?won't I be able to pet? | senerkeleyalmazmısa?won't you be able to pet? | olerkeleyalmazmı?won't he be able to pet? | bizerkeleyalmazbızmı? erkeleyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to pet? | sizerkeleyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to pet? | alaerkeleyalmazlamı? erkeleyalmazmıla?won't they be able to pet? |
| Ability — future II | menerkeleyallıqmaI am going to be able to pet | senerkeleyallıqsayou are going to be able to pet | olerkeleyallıqdıhe is going to be able to pet | bizerkeleyallıqbızwe are going to be able to pet | sizerkeleyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to pet | alaerkeleyallıqdılathey are going to be able to pet |
| Ability — future II | menerkeleyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to pet | senerkeleyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to pet | olerkeleyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to pet | bizerkeleyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to pet | sizerkeleyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to pet | alaerkeleyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to pet |
| Ability — future II | menerkeleyallıqmamı? erkeleyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to pet? | senerkeleyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to pet? | olerkeleyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to pet? | bizerkeleyallıqbızmı? erkeleyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to pet? | sizerkeleyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to pet? | alaerkeleyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to pet? |
| Ability — future II | menerkeleyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to pet? | senerkeleyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to pet? | olerkeleyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to pet? | bizerkeleyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to pet? | sizerkeleyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to pet? | alaerkeleyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to pet? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menerkeleyalır edimerkeleyalır emI would be able to pet | senerkeleyalır ediŋerkeleyalır eŋyou would be able to pet | olerkeleyalır edierkeleyalır edhe would be able to pet | bizerkeleyalır edikerkeleyalır ekwe would be able to pet | sizerkeleyalır edigizerkeleyalır egizyou all would be able to pet | alaerkeleyalır edileerkeleyalır ellethey would be able to pet |
| Ability — would be able to… | menerkeleyalmaz edimerkeleyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to pet | senerkeleyalmaz ediŋerkeleyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to pet | olerkeleyalmaz edierkeleyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to pet | bizerkeleyalmaz edikerkeleyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to pet | sizerkeleyalmaz edigizerkeleyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to pet | alaerkeleyalmaz edileerkeleyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to pet |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senerkeleyalğınerkeleyalğımay you be able to pet | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senerkeleyalmağınerkeleyalmağımay you not be able to pet | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menerkelerge izleymeI want to pet | senerkelerge izleyseyou want to pet | olerkelerge izleydihe wants to pet | bizerkelerge izleybizwe want to pet | sizerkelerge izleysizyou all want to pet | alaerkelerge izleydilethey want to pet |
| want to | menerkelerge izlemeymeI do not want to pet | senerkelerge izlemeyseyou do not want to pet | olerkelerge izlemeydihe does not want to pet | bizerkelerge izlemeybizwe do not want to pet | sizerkelerge izlemeysizyou all do not want to pet | alaerkelerge izlemeydilethey do not want to pet |
| would like to | menerkelerge süemeI would like to pet | senerkelerge süeseyou would like to pet | olerkelerge süedihe would like to pet | bizerkelerge süebizwe would like to pet | sizerkelerge süesizyou all would like to pet | alaerkelerge süedilethey would like to pet |
| would like to | menerkelerge süymeymeI would not like to pet | senerkelerge süymeyseyou would not like to pet | olerkelerge süymeydihe would not like to pet | bizerkelerge süymeybizwe would not like to pet | sizerkelerge süymeysizyou all would not like to pet | alaerkelerge süymeydilethey would not like to pet |
| hope to | menerkelerge umutlanamaI hope to pet | senerkelerge umutlanasayou hope to pet | olerkelerge umutlanadıhe hopes to pet | bizerkelerge umutlanabızwe hope to pet | sizerkelerge umutlanasızyou all hope to pet | alaerkelerge umutlanadılathey hope to pet |
| hope to | menerkelerge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to pet | senerkelerge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to pet | olerkelerge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to pet | bizerkelerge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to pet | sizerkelerge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to pet | alaerkelerge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to pet |
| be about to | menerkelerge deb turamaI am about to pet | senerkelerge deb turasayou are about to pet | olerkelerge deb turadıhe is about to pet | bizerkelerge deb turabızwe are about to pet | sizerkelerge deb turasızyou all are about to pet | alaerkelerge deb turadılathey are about to pet |
| be about to | menerkelerge deb turmaymaI am not about to pet | senerkelerge deb turmaysayou are not about to pet | olerkelerge deb turmaydıhe is not about to pet | bizerkelerge deb turmaybızwe are not about to pet | sizerkelerge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to pet | alaerkelerge deb turmaydılathey are not about to pet |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menerkelerge kerekmeI need to pet | senerkelerge kerekseyou need to pet | olerkelerge kerekdihe needs to pet | bizerkelerge kerekbizwe need to pet | sizerkelerge kereksizyou all need to pet | alaerkelerge kerekdilethey need to pet |
| need to | menerkelerge kerek tülmeI do not need to pet | senerkelerge kerek tülseyou do not need to pet | olerkelerge kerek tüldühe does not need to pet | bizerkelerge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to pet | sizerkelerge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to pet | alaerkelerge kerek tüldülethey do not need to pet |
| have to | menmenŋe erkelerge tüşediI have to pet | sensenŋe erkelerge tüşediyou have to pet | olaŋa erkelerge tüşedihe has to pet | bizbizge erkelerge tüşediwe have to pet | sizsizge erkelerge tüşediyou all have to pet | alaalağa erkelerge tüşedithey have to pet |
| have to | menmenŋe erkelerge tüşmeydiI do not have to pet | sensenŋe erkelerge tüşmeydiyou do not have to pet | olaŋa erkelerge tüşmeydihe does not have to pet | bizbizge erkelerge tüşmeydiwe do not have to pet | sizsizge erkelerge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to pet | alaalağa erkelerge tüşmeydithey do not have to pet |
| be obliged to | menerkelerge borçlumaI am obliged to pet | senerkelerge borçlusayou are obliged to pet | olerkelerge borçluduhe is obliged to pet | bizerkelerge borçlubuzwe are obliged to pet | sizerkelerge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to pet | alaerkelerge borçludulathey are obliged to pet |
| be obliged to | menerkelerge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to pet | senerkelerge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to pet | olerkelerge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to pet | bizerkelerge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to pet | sizerkelerge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to pet | alaerkelerge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to pet |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menerkelerge madarım bardıI have a way to pet | senerkelerge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to pet | olerkelerge madarı bardıhe has a way to pet | bizerkelerge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to pet | sizerkelerge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to pet | alaerkelerge madarları bardıthey have a way to pet |
| have a way to | menerkelerge madarım joqduI have no way to pet | senerkelerge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to pet | olerkelerge madarı joqduhe has no way to pet | bizerkelerge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to pet | sizerkelerge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to pet | alaerkelerge madarları joqduthey have no way to pet |
| be free to | menerkelerge erkinligim bardıI am free to pet | senerkelerge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to pet | olerkelerge erkinligi bardıhe is free to pet | bizerkelerge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to pet | sizerkelerge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to pet | alaerkelerge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to pet |
| be free to | menerkelerge erkinligim joqduI am not free to pet | senerkelerge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to pet | olerkelerge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to pet | bizerkelerge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to pet | sizerkelerge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to pet | alaerkelerge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to pet |
| be possible to | menmenŋe erkelerge bolluqduit is possible for me to pet | sensenŋe erkelerge bolluqduit is possible for you to pet | olaŋa erkelerge bolluqduit is possible for him to pet | bizbizge erkelerge bolluqduit is possible for us to pet | sizsizge erkelerge bolluqduit is possible for you all to pet | alaalağa erkelerge bolluqduit is possible for them to pet |
| be possible to | menmenŋe erkelerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to pet | sensenŋe erkelerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to pet | olaŋa erkelerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to pet | bizbizge erkelerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to pet | sizsizge erkelerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to pet | alaalağa erkelerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to pet |
| be ready to | menerkelerge hazırmaI am ready to pet | senerkelerge hazırsayou are ready to pet | olerkelerge hazırdıhe is ready to pet | bizerkelerge hazırbızwe are ready to pet | sizerkelerge hazırsızyou all are ready to pet | alaerkelerge hazırdılathey are ready to pet |
| be ready to | menerkelerge hazır tülmeI am not ready to pet | senerkelerge hazır tülseyou are not ready to pet | olerkelerge hazır tüldühe is not ready to pet | bizerkelerge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to pet | sizerkelerge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to pet | alaerkelerge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to pet |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menerkelerge küreşemeI am trying to pet | senerkelerge küreşeseyou are trying to pet | olerkelerge küreşedihe is trying to pet | bizerkelerge küreşebizwe are trying to pet | sizerkelerge küreşesizyou all are trying to pet | alaerkelerge küreşedilethey are trying to pet |
| try to | menerkelerge küreşmeymeI am not trying to pet | senerkelerge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to pet | olerkelerge küreşmeydihe is not trying to pet | bizerkelerge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to pet | sizerkelerge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to pet | alaerkelerge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to pet |
| agree to | menerkelerge unaymaI agree to pet | senerkelerge unaysayou agree to pet | olerkelerge unaydıhe agrees to pet | bizerkelerge unaybızwe agree to pet | sizerkelerge unaysızyou all agree to pet | alaerkelerge unaydılathey agree to pet |
| agree to | menerkelerge unamaymaI refuse to pet | senerkelerge unamaysayou refuse to pet | olerkelerge unamaydıhe refuses to pet | bizerkelerge unamaybızwe refuse to pet | sizerkelerge unamaysızyou all refuse to pet | alaerkelerge unamaydılathey refuse to pet |
| hurry to | menerkelerge aşığamaI am in a hurry to pet | senerkelerge aşığasayou are in a hurry to pet | olerkelerge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to pet | bizerkelerge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to pet | sizerkelerge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to pet | alaerkelerge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to pet |
| hurry to | menerkelerge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to pet | senerkelerge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to pet | olerkelerge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to pet | bizerkelerge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to pet | sizerkelerge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to pet | alaerkelerge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to pet |
| be afraid to | menerkelerge qorqamaI am afraid to pet | senerkelerge qorqasayou are afraid to pet | olerkelerge qorqadıhe is afraid to pet | bizerkelerge qorqabızwe are afraid to pet | sizerkelerge qorqasızyou all are afraid to pet | alaerkelerge qorqadılathey are afraid to pet |
| be afraid to | menerkelerge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to pet | senerkelerge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to pet | olerkelerge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to pet | bizerkelerge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to pet | sizerkelerge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to pet | alaerkelerge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to pet |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menerkeley bolmazmaI can't be petting | senerkeley bolmazsayou can't be petting | olerkeley bolmazhe can't be petting | bizerkeley bolmazbızwe can't be petting | sizerkeley bolmazsızyou all can't be petting | alaerkeley bolmazlathey can't be petting |
| Inference, present — double negation | menerkelemey bolmazmaI must be petting (emphatic) | senerkelemey bolmazsayou must be petting (emphatic) | olerkelemey bolmazhe must be petting (emphatic) | bizerkelemey bolmazbızwe must be petting (emphatic) | sizerkelemey bolmazsızyou all must be petting (emphatic) | alaerkelemey bolmazlathey must be petting (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menerkeley turmasamif I don't keep petting | senerkeley turmasaŋif you don't keep petting | olerkeley turmasaif he doesn't keep petting | bizerkeley turmasaqif we don't keep petting | sizerkeley turmasağızif you all don't keep petting | alaerkeley turmasalaif they don't keep petting |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menerkeley tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of petting | senerkeley tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of petting | olerkeley tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of petting | bizerkeley tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of petting | sizerkeley tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of petting | alaerkeley tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of petting |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menerkelemey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not petting (emphatic) | senerkelemey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not petting (emphatic) | olerkelemey tura bolmazhe must keep on not petting (emphatic) | bizerkelemey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not petting (emphatic) | sizerkelemey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not petting (emphatic) | alaerkelemey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not petting (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menerkelemey turamaI keep on not petting | senerkelemey turasayou keep on not petting | olerkelemey turadıhe keeps on not petting | bizerkelemey turabızwe keep on not petting | sizerkelemey turasızyou all keep on not petting | alaerkelemey turadılathey keep on not petting |
| Progressive — double negation | menerkelemey turmaymaI am not keeping on not petting | senerkelemey turmaysayou are not keeping on not petting | olerkelemey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not petting | bizerkelemey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not petting | sizerkelemey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not petting | alaerkelemey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not petting |
| Progressive — double negation | menerkelemey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not petting? | senerkelemey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not petting? | olerkelemey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not petting? | bizerkelemey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not petting? | sizerkelemey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not petting? | alaerkelemey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not petting? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menerkelegen bolmazmaI can't have petted | senerkelegen bolmazsayou can't have petted | olerkelegen bolmazhe can't have petted | bizerkelegen bolmazbızwe can't have petted | sizerkelegen bolmazsızyou all can't have petted | alaerkelegen bolmazlathey can't have petted |
| Inference — double negation | menerkelemegen bolmazmaI must have petted (emphatic) | senerkelemegen bolmazsayou must have petted (emphatic) | olerkelemegen bolmazhe must have petted (emphatic) | bizerkelemegen bolmazbızwe must have petted (emphatic) | sizerkelemegen bolmazsızyou all must have petted (emphatic) | alaerkelemegen bolmazlathey must have petted (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menerkelegen bolmasamif it weren't that I had petted | senerkelegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had petted | olerkelegen bolmasaif it weren't that he had petted | bizerkelegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had petted | sizerkelegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had petted | alaerkelegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had petted |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menerkelemegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't petted | senerkelemegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't petted | olerkelemegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't petted | bizerkelemegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't petted | sizerkelemegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't petted | alaerkelemegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't petted |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menerkelerik bolmazmaI can't be going to pet | senerkelerik bolmazsayou can't be going to pet | olerkelerik bolmazhe can't be going to pet | bizerkelerik bolmazbızwe can't be going to pet | sizerkelerik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to pet | alaerkelerik bolmazlathey can't be going to pet |
| Inference, future — double negation | menerkelemezlik bolmazmaI must be going to pet (emphatic) | senerkelemezlik bolmazsayou must be going to pet (emphatic) | olerkelemezlik bolmazhe must be going to pet (emphatic) | bizerkelemezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to pet (emphatic) | sizerkelemezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to pet (emphatic) | alaerkelemezlik bolmazlathey must be going to pet (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menerkelerik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to pet | senerkelerik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to pet | olerkelerik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to pet | bizerkelerik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to pet | sizerkelerik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to pet | alaerkelerik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to pet |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menerkelemezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to pet | senerkelemezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to pet | olerkelemezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to pet | bizerkelemezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to pet | sizerkelemezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to pet | alaerkelemezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to pet |