Karachay

birigirge

/biriɡirɡe/

(v.) unite, join together, come together, close ranks
  • biz birigirge kerekbiz — we must unite
  • biz birigib işleybiz — we work together as one
  • tawlu halqnı birigirge çaqırğandı — he called on the mountain people to unite
  • qıyınlıqda birigirge — to close ranks in hard times
  • birigib jaşarğa — to live together in harmony
  • birigib qalırğa — to become close-knit

Conjugation

Common forms

  • birigedihe is uniting
  • birikdihe united
  • birikgendihe has united
  • birigirhe will unite
  • birigirikdihe is going to unite
  • birige edihe was uniting
  • birikseif he unites
  • birik!unite!

Simple tenses

TensemenIsenyouolhe/she/itbizwesizyou allalathey
Present (simple & continuous)menbirigemeI am unitingsenbirigeseyou are unitingolbirigedihe is unitingbizbirigebizwe are unitingsizbirigesizyou all are unitingalabirigedilethey are uniting
Present (simple & continuous)menbirikmeymeI am not unitingsenbirikmeyseyou are not unitingolbirikmeydihe is not unitingbizbirikmeybizwe are not unitingsizbirikmeysizyou all are not unitingalabirikmeydilethey are not uniting
Present (simple & continuous)menbirigememi?
birigemime?am I uniting?		senbirigemise?are you uniting?olbirigemidi?is he uniting?bizbirigebizmi?
birigemibiz?are we uniting?		sizbirigemisiz?are you all uniting?alabirigemidile?are they uniting?
Present (simple & continuous)menbirikmeymemi?
birikmeymime?aren't I uniting?		senbirikmeymise?aren't you uniting?olbirikmeymidi?isn't he uniting?bizbirikmeybizmi?
birikmeymibiz?aren't we uniting?		sizbirikmeymisiz?aren't you all uniting?alabirikmeymidile?aren't they uniting?
Habitual (usually, tends to)menbirigiwçenmeI usually unitesenbirigiwçenseyou usually uniteolbirigiwçendihe usually unitesbizbirigiwçenbizwe usually unitesizbirigiwçensizyou all usually unitealabirigiwçendilethey usually unite
Habitual (usually, tends to)menbirikmewçenmeI usually don't unitesenbirikmewçenseyou usually don't uniteolbirikmewçendihe usually doesn't unitebizbirikmewçenbizwe usually don't unitesizbirikmewçensizyou all usually don't unitealabirikmewçendilethey usually don't unite
Habitual (usually, tends to)menbirigiwçenmemi?
birigiwçenmime?do I usually unite?		senbirigiwçenmise?do you usually unite?olbirigiwçenmidi?does he usually unite?bizbirigiwçenbizmi?
birigiwçenmibiz?do we usually unite?		sizbirigiwçenmisiz?do you all usually unite?alabirigiwçenmidile?do they usually unite?
Habitual (usually, tends to)menbirikmewçenmemi?
birikmewçenmime?do I usually not unite?		senbirikmewçenmise?do you usually not unite?olbirikmewçenmidi?does he usually not unite?bizbirikmewçenbizmi?
birikmewçenmibiz?do we usually not unite?		sizbirikmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not unite?alabirikmewçenmidile?do they usually not unite?
Resultative (has become and stays)olbirigibdihe has united and remains soalabirigibdilethey have united and remain so
Resultative (has become and stays)
Resultative (has become and stays)olbirigibmidi?has he united?alabirigibmidile?have they united?
Resultative (has become and stays)
Durative (keeps doing)menbirigib turamaI keep unitingsenbirigib turasayou keep unitingolbirigib turadıhe keeps unitingbizbirigib turabızwe keep unitingsizbirigib turasızyou all keep unitingalabirigib turadılathey keep uniting
Durative (keeps doing)menbirigib turmaymaI don't keep unitingsenbirigib turmaysayou don't keep unitingolbirigib turmaydıhe doesn't keep unitingbizbirigib turmaybızwe don't keep unitingsizbirigib turmaysızyou all don't keep unitingalabirigib turmaydılathey don't keep uniting
Durative (keeps doing)menbirigib turamamı?
birigib turamıma?do I keep uniting?		senbirigib turamısa?do you keep uniting?olbirigib turamıdı?does he keep uniting?bizbirigib turabızmı?
birigib turamıbız?do we keep uniting?		sizbirigib turamısız?do you all keep uniting?alabirigib turamıdıla?do they keep uniting?
Durative (keeps doing)menbirigib turmaymamı?
birigib turmaymıma?don't I keep uniting?		senbirigib turmaymısa?don't you keep uniting?olbirigib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep uniting?bizbirigib turmaybızmı?
birigib turmaymıbız?don't we keep uniting?		sizbirigib turmaymısız?don't you all keep uniting?alabirigib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep uniting?
Progressive (in the middle of)menbirige turamaI am in the middle of unitingsenbirige turasayou are in the middle of unitingolbirige turadıhe is in the middle of unitingbizbirige turabızwe are in the middle of unitingsizbirige turasızyou all are in the middle of unitingalabirige turadılathey are in the middle of uniting
Progressive (in the middle of)menbirige turmaymaI am not in the middle of unitingsenbirige turmaysayou are not in the middle of unitingolbirige turmaydıhe is not in the middle of unitingbizbirige turmaybızwe are not in the middle of unitingsizbirige turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of unitingalabirige turmaydılathey are not in the middle of uniting
Progressive (in the middle of)menbirige turamamı?
birige turamıma?am I in the middle of uniting?		senbirige turamısa?are you in the middle of uniting?olbirige turamıdı?is he in the middle of uniting?bizbirige turabızmı?
birige turamıbız?are we in the middle of uniting?		sizbirige turamısız?are you all in the middle of uniting?alabirige turamıdıla?are they in the middle of uniting?
Progressive (in the middle of)menbirige turmaymamı?
birige turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of uniting?		senbirige turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of uniting?olbirige turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of uniting?bizbirige turmaybızmı?
birige turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of uniting?		sizbirige turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of uniting?alabirige turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of uniting?
Simple past (definite)menbirikdimI unitedsenbirikdiŋyou unitedolbirikdihe unitedbizbirikdikwe unitedsizbirikdigizyou all unitedalabirikdilethey united
Simple past (definite)menbirikmedimI didn't unitesenbirikmediŋyou didn't uniteolbirikmedihe didn't unitebizbirikmedikwe didn't unitesizbirikmedigizyou all didn't unitealabirikmedilethey didn't unite
Simple past (definite)menbirikdimmi?did I unite?senbirikdiŋmi?did you unite?olbirikdimi?did he unite?bizbirikdikmi?did we unite?sizbirikdigizmi?did you all unite?alabirikdilemi?did they unite?
Simple past (definite)menbirikmedimmi?didn't I unite?senbirikmediŋmi?didn't you unite?olbirikmedimi?didn't he unite?bizbirikmedikmi?didn't we unite?sizbirikmedigizmi?didn't you all unite?alabirikmedilemi?didn't they unite?
Perfect (past indefinite)menbirikgenmeI have unitedsenbirikgenseyou have unitedolbirikgendihe has unitedbizbirikgenbizwe have unitedsizbirikgensizyou all have unitedalabirikgendilethey have united
Perfect (past indefinite)menbirikmegenmeI haven't unitedsenbirikmegenseyou haven't unitedolbirikmegendihe hasn't unitedbizbirikmegenbizwe haven't unitedsizbirikmegensizyou all haven't unitedalabirikmegendilethey haven't united
Perfect (past indefinite)menbirikgenmemi?
birikgenmime?have I united?		senbirikgenmise?have you united?olbirikgenmidi?has he united?bizbirikgenbizmi?
birikgenmibiz?have we united?		sizbirikgenmisiz?have you all united?alabirikgenmidile?have they united?
Perfect (past indefinite)menbirikmegenmemi?
birikmegenmime?haven't I united?		senbirikmegenmise?haven't you united?olbirikmegenmidi?hasn't he united?bizbirikmegenbizmi?
birikmegenmibiz?haven't we united?		sizbirikmegenmisiz?haven't you all united?alabirikmegenmidile?haven't they united?
Durative, definite past (kept doing)menbirigib turdumI kept unitingsenbirigib turduŋyou kept unitingolbirigib turduhe kept unitingbizbirigib turduqwe kept unitingsizbirigib turduğuzyou all kept unitingalabirigib turdulathey kept uniting
Durative, definite past (kept doing)menbirigib turmadımI didn't keep unitingsenbirigib turmadıŋyou didn't keep unitingolbirigib turmadıhe didn't keep unitingbizbirigib turmadıqwe didn't keep unitingsizbirigib turmadığızyou all didn't keep unitingalabirigib turmadılathey didn't keep uniting
Durative, definite past (kept doing)
Durative, definite past (kept doing)
Indefinite future (future I)menbirigirmeI will unitesenbirigirseyou will uniteolbirigirhe will unitebizbirigirbizwe will unitesizbirigirsizyou all will unitealabirigirlethey will unite
Indefinite future (future I)menbirikmezmeI won't unitesenbirikmezseyou won't uniteolbirikmezhe won't unitebizbirikmezbizwe won't unitesizbirikmezsizyou all won't unitealabirikmezlethey won't unite
Indefinite future (future I)menbirigirmemi?
birigirmime?will I unite?		senbirigirmise?will you unite?olbirigirmi?will he unite?bizbirigirbizmi?
birigirmibiz?will we unite?		sizbirigirmisiz?will you all unite?alabirigirlemi?
birigirmile?will they unite?
Indefinite future (future I)menbirikmezmemi?
birikmezmime?won't I unite?		senbirikmezmise?won't you unite?olbirikmezmi?won't he unite?bizbirikmezbizmi?
birikmezmibiz?won't we unite?		sizbirikmezmisiz?won't you all unite?alabirikmezlemi?
birikmezmile?won't they unite?
Definite future (future II)menbirigirikmeI am going to unitesenbirigirikseyou are going to uniteolbirigirikdihe is going to unitebizbirigirikbizwe are going to unitesizbirigiriksizyou all are going to unitealabirigirikdilethey are going to unite
Definite future (future II)menbirigirik tülmeI am not going to unitesenbirigirik tülseyou are not going to uniteolbirigirik tüldühe is not going to unitebizbirigirik tülbüzwe are not going to unitesizbirigirik tülsüzyou all are not going to unitealabirigirik tüldülethey are not going to unite
Definite future (future II)menbirigirikmemi?
birigirikmime?am I going to unite?		senbirigirikmise?are you going to unite?olbirigirikmidi?is he going to unite?bizbirigirikbizmi?
birigirikmibiz?are we going to unite?		sizbirigirikmisiz?are you all going to unite?alabirigirikmidile?are they going to unite?
Definite future (future II)menbirigirik tülmüme?aren't I going to unite?senbirigirik tülmüse?aren't you going to unite?olbirigirik tülmüdü?isn't he going to unite?bizbirigirik tülmübüz?aren't we going to unite?sizbirigirik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to unite?alabirigirik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to unite?

Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms

Past compound tenses

TensemenIsenyouolhe/she/itbizwesizyou allalathey
Past perfect (pluperfect)menbirikgen edimbirikgenemI had unitedsenbirikgen ediŋbirikgeneŋyou had unitedolbirikgen edibirikgenedhe had unitedbizbirikgen edikbirikgenekwe had unitedsizbirikgen edigizbirikgenegizyou all had unitedalabirikgen edilebirikgenellethey had united
Past perfect (pluperfect)menbirikmegen edimbirikmegenemI hadn't unitedsenbirikmegen ediŋbirikmegeneŋyou hadn't unitedolbirikmegen edibirikmegenedhe hadn't unitedbizbirikmegen edikbirikmegenekwe hadn't unitedsizbirikmegen edigizbirikmegenegizyou all hadn't unitedalabirikmegen edilebirikmegenellethey hadn't united
Past perfect (pluperfect)
Past perfect (pluperfect)
Past continuous (imperfect)menbirige edimbirigemI was unitingsenbirige ediŋbirigeŋyou were unitingolbirige edibirigedhe was unitingbizbirige edikbirigekwe were unitingsizbirige edigizbirigegizyou all were unitingalabirige edilebirigellethey were uniting
Past continuous (imperfect)menbirikmey edimbirikmeyemI wasn't unitingsenbirikmey ediŋbirikmeyeŋyou weren't unitingolbirikmey edibirikmeyedhe wasn't unitingbizbirikmey edikbirikmeyekwe weren't unitingsizbirikmey edigizbirikmeyegizyou all weren't unitingalabirikmey edilebirikmeyellethey weren't uniting
Past continuous (imperfect)
Past continuous (imperfect)
Habitual past (used to)menbirigiwçen edimbirigiwçenemI used to unitesenbirigiwçen ediŋbirigiwçeneŋyou used to uniteolbirigiwçen edibirigiwçenedhe used to unitebizbirigiwçen edikbirigiwçenekwe used to unitesizbirigiwçen edigizbirigiwçenegizyou all used to unitealabirigiwçen edilebirigiwçenellethey used to unite
Habitual past (used to)menbirikmewçen edimbirikmewçenemI didn't use to unitesenbirikmewçen ediŋbirikmewçeneŋyou didn't use to uniteolbirikmewçen edibirikmewçenedhe didn't use to unitebizbirikmewçen edikbirikmewçenekwe didn't use to unitesizbirikmewçen edigizbirikmewçenegizyou all didn't use to unitealabirikmewçen edilebirikmewçenellethey didn't use to unite
Habitual past (used to)
Habitual past (used to)
Resultative past (had become and stayed)olbirigib edihe had united and remained soalabirigib edilethey had united and remained so
Resultative past (had become and stayed)olbirigib tül edihe hadn't unitedalabirigib tül edilethey hadn't united
Resultative past (had become and stayed)
Resultative past (had become and stayed)
Past durative (had kept doing)menbirigib tura edimbirigib turaemI had kept unitingsenbirigib tura ediŋbirigib turaeŋyou had kept unitingolbirigib tura edibirigib turaedhe had kept unitingbizbirigib tura edikbirigib turaekwe had kept unitingsizbirigib tura edigizbirigib turaegizyou all had kept unitingalabirigib tura edilebirigib turaellethey had kept uniting
Past durative (had kept doing)menbirigib turmay edimbirigib turmayemI hadn't kept unitingsenbirigib turmay ediŋbirigib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept unitingolbirigib turmay edibirigib turmayedhe hadn't kept unitingbizbirigib turmay edikbirigib turmayekwe hadn't kept unitingsizbirigib turmay edigizbirigib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept unitingalabirigib turmay edilebirigib turmayellethey hadn't kept uniting
Past durative (had kept doing)
Past durative (had kept doing)
Past progressive (was in the middle of)menbirige tura edimbirige turaemI was in the middle of unitingsenbirige tura ediŋbirige turaeŋyou were in the middle of unitingolbirige tura edibirige turaedhe was in the middle of unitingbizbirige tura edikbirige turaekwe were in the middle of unitingsizbirige tura edigizbirige turaegizyou all were in the middle of unitingalabirige tura edilebirige turaellethey were in the middle of uniting
Past progressive (was in the middle of)menbirige turmay edimbirige turmayemI wasn't in the middle of unitingsenbirige turmay ediŋbirige turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of unitingolbirige turmay edibirige turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of unitingbizbirige turmay edikbirige turmayekwe weren't in the middle of unitingsizbirige turmay edigizbirige turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of unitingalabirige turmay edilebirige turmayellethey weren't in the middle of uniting
Past progressive (was in the middle of)
Past progressive (was in the middle of)
Conditional result (would)menbirigir edimbirigir emI would unitesenbirigir ediŋbirigir eŋyou would uniteolbirigir edibirigir edhe would unitebizbirigir edikbirigir ekwe would unitesizbirigir edigizbirigir egizyou all would unitealabirigir edilebirigir ellethey would unite
Conditional result (would)menbirikmez edimbirikmez emI wouldn't unitesenbirikmez ediŋbirikmez eŋyou wouldn't uniteolbirikmez edibirikmez edhe wouldn't unitebizbirikmez edikbirikmez ekwe wouldn't unitesizbirikmez edigizbirikmez egizyou all wouldn't unitealabirikmez edilebirikmez ellethey wouldn't unite
Conditional result (would)
Conditional result (would)
Past conditional result (would have)menbirigirik edimbirigirik emI would have unitedsenbirigirik ediŋbirigirik eŋyou would have unitedolbirigirik edibirigirik edhe would have unitedbizbirigirik edikbirigirik ekwe would have unitedsizbirigirik edigizbirigirik egizyou all would have unitedalabirigirik edilebirigirik ellethey would have united
Past conditional result (would have)menbirigirik tül edimbirigirik tül emI wouldn't have unitedsenbirigirik tül ediŋbirigirik tül eŋyou wouldn't have unitedolbirigirik tül edibirigirik tül edhe wouldn't have unitedbizbirigirik tül edikbirigirik tül ekwe wouldn't have unitedsizbirigirik tül edigizbirigirik tül egizyou all wouldn't have unitedalabirigirik tül edilebirigirik tül ellethey wouldn't have united
Past conditional result (would have)
Past conditional result (would have)

Conditional

TensemenIsenyouolhe/she/itbizwesizyou allalathey
Conditionalmenbiriksemif I unitesenbirikseŋif you uniteolbirikseif he unitesbizbiriksekif we unitesizbiriksegizif you all unitealabirikseleif they unite
Conditionalmenbirikmesemif I don't unitesenbirikmeseŋif you don't uniteolbirikmeseif he doesn't unitebizbirikmesekif we don't unitesizbirikmesegizif you all don't unitealabirikmeseleif they don't unite
Conditional
Conditional
Conditional, present realmenbirige esemif I am unitingsenbirige eseŋif you are unitingolbirige eseif he is unitingbizbirige esekif we are unitingsizbirige esegizif you all are unitingalabirige eseleif they are uniting
Conditional, present realmenbirikmey esemif I am not unitingsenbirikmey eseŋif you are not unitingolbirikmey eseif he is not unitingbizbirikmey esekif we are not unitingsizbirikmey esegizif you all are not unitingalabirikmey eseleif they are not uniting
Conditional, present real
Conditional, present real
Wish, present/future (if only)menbiriksem edibiriksem edif only I unitedsenbirikseŋ edibirikseŋ edif only you unitedolbirikse edibiriksedif only he unitedbizbiriksek edibiriksek edif only we unitedsizbiriksegiz edibiriksegiz edif only you all unitedalabiriksele edibirikseledif only they united
Wish, present/future (if only)menbirikmesem edibirikmesem edif only I didn't unitesenbirikmeseŋ edibirikmeseŋ edif only you didn't uniteolbirikmese edibirikmesedif only he didn't unitebizbirikmesek edibirikmesek edif only we didn't unitesizbirikmesegiz edibirikmesegiz edif only you all didn't unitealabirikmesele edibirikmeseledif only they didn't unite
Wish, present/future (if only)
Wish, present/future (if only)
Durative conditionalmenbirigib tursamif I carry on unitingsenbirigib tursaŋif you carry on unitingolbirigib tursaif he carries on unitingbizbirigib tursaqif we carry on unitingsizbirigib tursağızif you all carry on unitingalabirigib tursalaif they carry on uniting
Durative conditionalmenbirigib turmasamif I don't carry on unitingsenbirigib turmasaŋif you don't carry on unitingolbirigib turmasaif he doesn't carry on unitingbizbirigib turmasaqif we don't carry on unitingsizbirigib turmasağızif you all don't carry on unitingalabirigib turmasalaif they don't carry on uniting
Durative conditional
Durative conditional
Durative conditional, present realmenbirigib tura esemif I have kept unitingsenbirigib tura eseŋif you have kept unitingolbirigib tura eseif he has kept unitingbizbirigib tura esekif we have kept unitingsizbirigib tura esegizif you all have kept unitingalabirigib tura eseleif they have kept uniting
Durative conditional, present realmenbirigib turmay esemif I haven't kept unitingsenbirigib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept unitingolbirigib turmay eseif he hasn't kept unitingbizbirigib turmay esekif we haven't kept unitingsizbirigib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept unitingalabirigib turmay eseleif they haven't kept uniting
Durative conditional, present real
Durative conditional, present real
Progressive conditionalmenbirige tursamif I keep unitingsenbirige tursaŋif you keep unitingolbirige tursaif he keeps unitingbizbirige tursaqif we keep unitingsizbirige tursağızif you all keep unitingalabirige tursalaif they keep uniting
Progressive conditionalmenbirikmey tursamif I keep on not unitingsenbirikmey tursaŋif you keep on not unitingolbirikmey tursaif he keeps on not unitingbizbirikmey tursaqif we keep on not unitingsizbirikmey tursağızif you all keep on not unitingalabirikmey tursalaif they keep on not uniting
Progressive conditional
Progressive conditional
Progressive conditional, present realmenbirige tura esemif I am in the middle of unitingsenbirige tura eseŋif you are in the middle of unitingolbirige tura eseif he is in the middle of unitingbizbirige tura esekif we are in the middle of unitingsizbirige tura esegizif you all are in the middle of unitingalabirige tura eseleif they are in the middle of uniting
Progressive conditional, present realmenbirikmey tura esemif I keep on not unitingsenbirikmey tura eseŋif you keep on not unitingolbirikmey tura eseif he keeps on not unitingbizbirikmey tura esekif we keep on not unitingsizbirikmey tura esegizif you all keep on not unitingalabirikmey tura eseleif they keep on not uniting
Progressive conditional, present real
Progressive conditional, present real
Conditional, definite past1menbirikdim esemif I unitedsenbirikdiŋ eseŋif you unitedolbirikdi eseif he unitedbizbirikdik esekif we unitedsizbirikdigiz esegizif you all unitedalabirikdile eseleif they united
Conditional, definite past1menbirikmedim esemif I didn't unitesenbirikmediŋ eseŋif you didn't uniteolbirikmedi eseif he didn't unitebizbirikmedik esekif we didn't unitesizbirikmedigiz esegizif you all didn't unitealabirikmedile eseleif they didn't unite
Conditional, definite past
Conditional, definite past
Conditional, past realmenbirikgen esemif I did unite (indeed)senbirikgen eseŋif you did unite (indeed)olbirikgen eseif he did unite (indeed)bizbirikgen esekif we did unite (indeed)sizbirikgen esegizif you all did unite (indeed)alabirikgen eseleif they did unite (indeed)
Conditional, past realmenbirikmegen esemif I didn't unite (indeed)senbirikmegen eseŋif you didn't unite (indeed)olbirikmegen eseif he didn't unite (indeed)bizbirikmegen esekif we didn't unite (indeed)sizbirikmegen esegizif you all didn't unite (indeed)alabirikmegen eseleif they didn't unite (indeed)
Conditional, past real
Conditional, past real
Conditional, counterfactualmenbirikgen bolsamif I had unitedsenbirikgen bolsaŋif you had unitedolbirikgen bolsaif he had unitedbizbirikgen bolsaqif we had unitedsizbirikgen bolsağızif you all had unitedalabirikgen bolsalaif they had united
Conditional, counterfactualmenbirikmegen bolsamif I hadn't unitedsenbirikmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't unitedolbirikmegen bolsaif he hadn't unitedbizbirikmegen bolsaqif we hadn't unitedsizbirikmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't unitedalabirikmegen bolsalaif they hadn't united
Conditional, counterfactual
Conditional, counterfactual
Wish, past (if only I had)menbirikgen bolsam edibirikgen bolsam edif only I had unitedsenbirikgen bolsaŋ edibirikgen bolsaŋ edif only you had unitedolbirikgen bolsa edibirikgen bolsaedif only he had unitedbizbirikgen bolsaq edibirikgen bolsaq edif only we had unitedsizbirikgen bolsağız edibirikgen bolsağız edif only you all had unitedalabirikgen bolsala edibirikgen bolsalaedif only they had united
Wish, past (if only I had)menbirikmegen bolsam edibirikmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't unitedsenbirikmegen bolsaŋ edibirikmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't unitedolbirikmegen bolsa edibirikmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't unitedbizbirikmegen bolsaq edibirikmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't unitedsizbirikmegen bolsağız edibirikmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't unitedalabirikmegen bolsala edibirikmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't united
Wish, past (if only I had)
Wish, past (if only I had)
Conditional, aoristmenbirigir esemif I will unitesenbirigir eseŋif you will uniteolbirigir eseif he will unitebizbirigir esekif we will unitesizbirigir esegizif you all will unitealabirigir eseleif they will unite
Conditional, aoristmenbirikmez esemif I won't unitesenbirikmez eseŋif you won't uniteolbirikmez eseif he won't unitebizbirikmez esekif we won't unitesizbirikmez esegizif you all won't unitealabirikmez eseleif they won't unite
Conditional, aorist
Conditional, aorist
Conditional, futuremenbirigirik esemif I am going to unitesenbirigirik eseŋif you are going to uniteolbirigirik eseif he is going to unitebizbirigirik esekif we are going to unitesizbirigirik esegizif you all are going to unitealabirigirik eseleif they are going to unite
Conditional, futuremenbirigirik tül esemif I am not going to unitesenbirigirik tül eseŋif you are not going to uniteolbirigirik tül eseif he is not going to unitebizbirigirik tül esekif we are not going to unitesizbirigirik tül esegizif you all are not going to unitealabirigirik tül eseleif they are not going to unite
Conditional, future
Conditional, future
Conditional, counterfactual futuremenbirigirik bolsamif I were going to unitesenbirigirik bolsaŋif you were going to uniteolbirigirik bolsaif he were going to unitebizbirigirik bolsaqif we were going to unitesizbirigirik bolsağızif you all were going to unitealabirigirik bolsalaif they were going to unite
Conditional, counterfactual futuremenbirikmezlik bolsamif I were not going to unitesenbirikmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to uniteolbirikmezlik bolsaif he were not going to unitebizbirikmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to unitesizbirikmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to unitealabirikmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to unite
Conditional, counterfactual future
Conditional, counterfactual future

Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms

  1. Conditional, definite pastalso birikdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)

Inferential

TensemenIsenyouolhe/she/itbizwesizyou allalathey
Inference, present (must be doing)menbirige bolurmaI must be unitingsenbirige bolursayou must be unitingolbirige bolurhe must be unitingbizbirige bolurbuzwe must be unitingsizbirige bolursuzyou all must be unitingalabirige bolurlathey must be uniting
Inference, present (must be doing)menbirikmey bolurmaI must not be unitingsenbirikmey bolursayou must not be unitingolbirikmey bolurhe must not be unitingbizbirikmey bolurbuzwe must not be unitingsizbirikmey bolursuzyou all must not be unitingalabirikmey bolurlathey must not be uniting
Inference, present (must be doing)
Inference, present (must be doing)
Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of)menbirige tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of unitingsenbirige tura bolursayou must be in the middle of unitingolbirige tura bolurhe must be in the middle of unitingbizbirige tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of unitingsizbirige tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of unitingalabirige tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of uniting
Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of)menbirikmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not unitingsenbirikmey tura bolursayou must keep on not unitingolbirikmey tura bolurhe must keep on not unitingbizbirikmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not unitingsizbirikmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not unitingalabirikmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not uniting
Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of)
Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of)
Inference (must have)menbirikgen bolurmaI must have unitedsenbirikgen bolursayou must have unitedolbirikgen bolurhe must have unitedbizbirikgen bolurbuzwe must have unitedsizbirikgen bolursuzyou all must have unitedalabirikgen bolurlathey must have united
Inference (must have)menbirikmegen bolurmaI must not have unitedsenbirikmegen bolursayou must not have unitedolbirikmegen bolurhe must not have unitedbizbirikmegen bolurbuzwe must not have unitedsizbirikmegen bolursuzyou all must not have unitedalabirikmegen bolurlathey must not have united
Inference (must have)
Inference (must have)
Inference, future (must be going to)menbirigirik bolurmaI must be going to unitesenbirigirik bolursayou must be going to uniteolbirigirik bolurhe must be going to unitebizbirigirik bolurbuzwe must be going to unitesizbirigirik bolursuzyou all must be going to unitealabirigirik bolurlathey must be going to unite
Inference, future (must be going to)menbirikmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to unitesenbirikmezlik bolursayou must not be going to uniteolbirikmezlik bolurhe must not be going to unitebizbirikmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to unitesizbirikmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to unitealabirikmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to unite
Inference, future (must be going to)
Inference, future (must be going to)

Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms

Commands, requests and wishes

TensemenIsenyouolhe/she/itbizwesizyou allalathey
Commands & suggestionsmenbirigeyimlet me unitesenbirik!unite!olbiriksinlet him unitebizbirigeyiklet's unitesizbirigigiz!unite, you all!alabiriksinlelet them unite
Commands & suggestionsmenbirikmeyimlet me not unitesenbirikme!don't unite!olbirikmesinlet him not unitebizbirikmeyiklet's not unitesizbirikmegiz!don't unite, you all!alabirikmesinlelet them not unite
Commands & suggestionsmenbirigeyimmi?shall I unite?olbiriksinmi?should he unite?bizbirigeyikmi?shall we unite?alabiriksinlemi?should they unite?
Commands & suggestionsmenbirikmeyimmi?shall I not unite?olbirikmesinmi?should he not unite?bizbirikmeyikmi?shall we not unite?alabirikmesinlemi?should they not unite?
Requestssenbirikçi2birikçinplease uniteolbiriksinçido let him unitesizbirikçigizplease unite (plural/polite)alabiriksinleçido let them unite
Requestssenbirikmeçi2birikmeçinplease don't uniteolbirikmesinçido let him not unitesizbirikmeçigizplease don't unite (plural/polite)alabirikmesinleçido let them not unite
Requests
Requests
Blessings & curses — may you…senbirikginbirikgimay you unite
Blessings & curses — may you…senbirikmeginbirikmegimay you not unite
Blessings & curses — may you…
Blessings & curses — may you…
Optative wish (-ğay + edi)menbirikgey edim
birikge edimwould that I united		senbirikgey ediŋ
birikge ediŋwould that you united		olbirikgey edi
birikge ediwould that he united		bizbirikgey edik
birikge edikwould that we united		sizbirikgey edigiz
birikge edigizwould that you all united		alabirikgey edile
birikge edilewould that they united
Optative wish (-ğay + edi)menbirikmegey edim
birikmege edimwould that I did not unite		senbirikmegey ediŋ
birikmege ediŋwould that you did not unite		olbirikmegey edi
birikmege ediwould that he did not unite		bizbirikmegey edik
birikmege edikwould that we did not unite		sizbirikmegey edigiz
birikmege edigizwould that you all did not unite		alabirikmegey edile
birikmege edilewould that they did not unite
Optative wish (-ğay + edi)
Optative wish (-ğay + edi)
Let someone… (commands)menbirikmege qoyayımbirikme qoyayımlet me allow someone to unitesenbirikmege qoy!birikme qoy!let someone unite!olbirikmege qoysunbirikme qoysunlet him allow someone to unitebizbirikmege qoyayıqbirikme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to unitesizbirikmege qoyuğuz!birikme qoyuğuz!let someone unite, you all!alabirikmege qoysunlabirikme qoysunlalet them allow someone to unite
Let someone… (commands)menbirikmege qoymayımbirikme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to unitesenbirikmege qoyma!birikme qoyma!don't let someone unite!olbirikmege qoymasınbirikme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to unitebizbirikmege qoymayıqbirikme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to unitesizbirikmege qoymağız!birikme qoymağız!don't let someone unite, you all!alabirikmege qoymasınlabirikme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to unite
Let someone… (commands)menbirikmege qoyayımmı?birikme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to unite?olbirikmege qoysunmu?birikme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to unite?bizbirikmege qoyayıqmı?birikme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to unite?alabirikmege qoysunlamı?birikme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to unite?
Let someone… (commands)menbirikmege qoymayımmı?birikme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to unite?olbirikmege qoymasınmı?birikme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to unite?bizbirikmege qoymayıqmı?birikme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to unite?alabirikmege qoymasınlamı?birikme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to unite?
Let someone… (present)menbirikmege qoyamabirikme qoyamaI allow someone to unitesenbirikmege qoyasabirikme qoyasayou allow someone to uniteolbirikmege qoyadıbirikme qoyadıhe allows someone to unitebizbirikmege qoyabızbirikme qoyabızwe allow someone to unitesizbirikmege qoyasızbirikme qoyasızyou all allow someone to unitealabirikmege qoyadılabirikme qoyadılathey allow someone to unite
Let someone… (present)menbirikmege qoymaymabirikme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to unitesenbirikmege qoymaysabirikme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to uniteolbirikmege qoymaydıbirikme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to unitebizbirikmege qoymaybızbirikme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to unitesizbirikmege qoymaysızbirikme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to unitealabirikmege qoymaydılabirikme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to unite
Let someone… (present)menbirikmege qoyamamı?birikme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to unite?senbirikmege qoyamısa?birikme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to unite?olbirikmege qoyamıdı?birikme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to unite?bizbirikmege qoyabızmı?birikme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to unite?sizbirikmege qoyamısız?birikme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to unite?alabirikmege qoyamıdıla?birikme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to unite?
Let someone… (present)menbirikmege qoymaymamı?birikme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to unite?senbirikmege qoymaymısa?birikme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to unite?olbirikmege qoymaymıdı?birikme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to unite?bizbirikmege qoymaybızmı?birikme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to unite?sizbirikmege qoymaymısız?birikme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to unite?alabirikmege qoymaymıdıla?birikme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to unite?
Let someone… (past)menbirikmege qoydumbirikme qoydumI allowed someone to unitesenbirikmege qoyduŋbirikme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to uniteolbirikmege qoydubirikme qoyduhe allowed someone to unitebizbirikmege qoyduqbirikme qoyduqwe allowed someone to unitesizbirikmege qoyduğuzbirikme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to unitealabirikmege qoydulabirikme qoydulathey allowed someone to unite
Let someone… (past)menbirikmege qoymadımbirikme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to unitesenbirikmege qoymadıŋbirikme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to uniteolbirikmege qoymadıbirikme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to unitebizbirikmege qoymadıqbirikme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to unitesizbirikmege qoymadığızbirikme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to unitealabirikmege qoymadılabirikme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to unite
Let someone… (past)menbirikmege qoydummu?birikme qoydummu?did I allow someone to unite?senbirikmege qoyduŋmu?birikme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to unite?olbirikmege qoydumu?birikme qoydumu?did he allow someone to unite?bizbirikmege qoyduqmu?birikme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to unite?sizbirikmege qoyduğuzmu?birikme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to unite?alabirikmege qoydulamı?birikme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to unite?
Let someone… (past)menbirikmege qoymadımmı?birikme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to unite?senbirikmege qoymadıŋmı?birikme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to unite?olbirikmege qoymadımı?birikme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to unite?bizbirikmege qoymadıqmı?birikme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to unite?sizbirikmege qoymadığızmı?birikme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to unite?alabirikmege qoymadılamı?birikme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to unite?
  1. RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.

Ability

TensemenIsenyouolhe/she/itbizwesizyou allalathey
Ability — presentmenbirigalamaI can unitesenbirigalasayou can uniteolbirigaladıhe can unitebizbirigalabızwe can unitesizbirigalasızyou all can unitealabirigaladılathey can unite
Ability — presentmenbirigalmaymaI can't unitesenbirigalmaysayou can't uniteolbirigalmaydıhe can't unitebizbirigalmaybızwe can't unitesizbirigalmaysızyou all can't unitealabirigalmaydılathey can't unite
Ability — presentmenbirigalamamı?
birigalamıma?can I unite?		senbirigalamısa?can you unite?olbirigalamıdı?can he unite?bizbirigalabızmı?
birigalamıbız?can we unite?		sizbirigalamısız?can you all unite?alabirigalamıdıla?can they unite?
Ability — presentmenbirigalmaymamı?
birigalmaymıma?can't I unite?		senbirigalmaymısa?can't you unite?olbirigalmaymıdı?can't he unite?bizbirigalmaybızmı?
birigalmaymıbız?can't we unite?		sizbirigalmaymısız?can't you all unite?alabirigalmaymıdıla?can't they unite?
Ability — if I can…menbirigalsamif I can unitesenbirigalsaŋif you can uniteolbirigalsaif he can unitebizbirigalsaqif we can unitesizbirigalsağızif you all can unitealabirigalsalaif they can unite
Ability — if I can…menbirigalmasamif I can't unitesenbirigalmasaŋif you can't uniteolbirigalmasaif he can't unitebizbirigalmasaqif we can't unitesizbirigalmasağızif you all can't unitealabirigalmasalaif they can't unite
Ability — if I can…
Ability — if I can…
Ability — simple pastmenbirigaldımI was able to unitesenbirigaldıŋyou were able to uniteolbirigaldıhe was able to unitebizbirigaldıqwe were able to unitesizbirigaldığızyou all were able to unitealabirigaldılathey were able to unite
Ability — simple pastmenbirigalmadımI could not unitesenbirigalmadıŋyou could not uniteolbirigalmadıhe could not unitebizbirigalmadıqwe could not unitesizbirigalmadığızyou all could not unitealabirigalmadılathey could not unite
Ability — simple pastmenbirigaldımmı?was I able to unite?senbirigaldıŋmı?were you able to unite?olbirigaldımı?was he able to unite?bizbirigaldıqmı?were we able to unite?sizbirigaldığızmı?were you all able to unite?alabirigaldılamı?were they able to unite?
Ability — simple pastmenbirigalmadımmı?couldn't I unite?senbirigalmadıŋmı?couldn't you unite?olbirigalmadımı?couldn't he unite?bizbirigalmadıqmı?couldn't we unite?sizbirigalmadığızmı?couldn't you all unite?alabirigalmadılamı?couldn't they unite?
Ability — perfect / -ğan pastmenbirigalğanmaI have been able to unitesenbirigalğansayou have been able to uniteolbirigalğandıhe has been able to unitebizbirigalğanbızwe have been able to unitesizbirigalğansızyou all have been able to unitealabirigalğandılathey have been able to unite
Ability — perfect / -ğan pastmenbirigalmağanmaI haven't been able to unitesenbirigalmağansayou haven't been able to uniteolbirigalmağandıhe hasn't been able to unitebizbirigalmağanbızwe haven't been able to unitesizbirigalmağansızyou all haven't been able to unitealabirigalmağandılathey haven't been able to unite
Ability — perfect / -ğan pastmenbirigalğanmamı?
birigalğanmıma?have I been able to unite?		senbirigalğanmısa?have you been able to unite?olbirigalğanmıdı?has he been able to unite?bizbirigalğanbızmı?
birigalğanmıbız?have we been able to unite?		sizbirigalğanmısız?have you all been able to unite?alabirigalğanmıdıla?have they been able to unite?
Ability — perfect / -ğan pastmenbirigalmağanmamı?
birigalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to unite?		senbirigalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to unite?olbirigalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to unite?bizbirigalmağanbızmı?
birigalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to unite?		sizbirigalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to unite?alabirigalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to unite?
Ability — past perfectmenbirigalğan edimbirigalğanemI had been able to unitesenbirigalğan ediŋbirigalğaneŋyou had been able to uniteolbirigalğan edibirigalğanedhe had been able to unitebizbirigalğan edikbirigalğanekwe had been able to unitesizbirigalğan edigizbirigalğanegizyou all had been able to unitealabirigalğan edilebirigalğanellethey had been able to unite
Ability — past perfectmenbirigalmağan edimbirigalmağanemI hadn't been able to unitesenbirigalmağan ediŋbirigalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to uniteolbirigalmağan edibirigalmağanedhe hadn't been able to unitebizbirigalmağan edikbirigalmağanekwe hadn't been able to unitesizbirigalmağan edigizbirigalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to unitealabirigalmağan edilebirigalmağanellethey hadn't been able to unite
Ability — past perfect
Ability — past perfect
Ability — past backgroundmenbirigala edimbirigalaemI could unitesenbirigala ediŋbirigalaeŋyou could uniteolbirigala edibirigalaedhe could unitebizbirigala edikbirigalaekwe could unitesizbirigala edigizbirigalaegizyou all could unitealabirigala edilebirigalaellethey could unite
Ability — past backgroundmenbirigalmay edimbirigalmayemI could not unitesenbirigalmay ediŋbirigalmayeŋyou could not uniteolbirigalmay edibirigalmayedhe could not unitebizbirigalmay edikbirigalmayekwe could not unitesizbirigalmay edigizbirigalmayegizyou all could not unitealabirigalmay edilebirigalmayellethey could not unite
Ability — past background
Ability — past background
Ability — future ImenbirigalırmaI will be able to unitesenbirigalırsayou will be able to uniteolbirigalırhe will be able to unitebizbirigalırbızwe will be able to unitesizbirigalırsızyou all will be able to unitealabirigalırlathey will be able to unite
Ability — future ImenbirigalmazmaI won't be able to unitesenbirigalmazsayou won't be able to uniteolbirigalmazhe won't be able to unitebizbirigalmazbızwe won't be able to unitesizbirigalmazsızyou all won't be able to unitealabirigalmazlathey won't be able to unite
Ability — future Imenbirigalırmamı?
birigalırmıma?will I be able to unite?		senbirigalırmısa?will you be able to unite?olbirigalırmı?will he be able to unite?bizbirigalırbızmı?
birigalırmıbız?will we be able to unite?		sizbirigalırmısız?will you all be able to unite?alabirigalırlamı?
birigalırmıla?will they be able to unite?
Ability — future Imenbirigalmazmamı?
birigalmazmıma?won't I be able to unite?		senbirigalmazmısa?won't you be able to unite?olbirigalmazmı?won't he be able to unite?bizbirigalmazbızmı?
birigalmazmıbız?won't we be able to unite?		sizbirigalmazmısız?won't you all be able to unite?alabirigalmazlamı?
birigalmazmıla?won't they be able to unite?
Ability — future IImenbirigallıqmaI am going to be able to unitesenbirigallıqsayou are going to be able to uniteolbirigallıqdıhe is going to be able to unitebizbirigallıqbızwe are going to be able to unitesizbirigallıqsızyou all are going to be able to unitealabirigallıqdılathey are going to be able to unite
Ability — future IImenbirigallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to unitesenbirigallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to uniteolbirigallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to unitebizbirigallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to unitesizbirigallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to unitealabirigallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to unite
Ability — future IImenbirigallıqmamı?
birigallıqmıma?am I going to be able to unite?		senbirigallıqmısa?are you going to be able to unite?olbirigallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to unite?bizbirigallıqbızmı?
birigallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to unite?		sizbirigallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to unite?alabirigallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to unite?
Ability — future IImenbirigallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to unite?senbirigallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to unite?olbirigallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to unite?bizbirigallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to unite?sizbirigallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to unite?alabirigallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to unite?
Ability — would be able to…menbirigalır edimbirigalır emI would be able to unitesenbirigalır ediŋbirigalır eŋyou would be able to uniteolbirigalır edibirigalır edhe would be able to unitebizbirigalır edikbirigalır ekwe would be able to unitesizbirigalır edigizbirigalır egizyou all would be able to unitealabirigalır edilebirigalır ellethey would be able to unite
Ability — would be able to…menbirigalmaz edimbirigalmaz emI wouldn't be able to unitesenbirigalmaz ediŋbirigalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to uniteolbirigalmaz edibirigalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to unitebizbirigalmaz edikbirigalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to unitesizbirigalmaz edigizbirigalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to unitealabirigalmaz edilebirigalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to unite
Ability — would be able to…
Ability — would be able to…
Second-person optative — abilitysenbirigalğınbirigalğımay you be able to unite
Second-person optative — abilitysenbirigalmağınbirigalmağımay you not be able to unite
Second-person optative — ability
Second-person optative — ability

With another word

FramemenIsenyouolhe/she/itbizwesizyou allalathey
Wanting and intending
want tomenbirigirge izleymeI want to unitesenbirigirge izleyseyou want to uniteolbirigirge izleydihe wants to unitebizbirigirge izleybizwe want to unitesizbirigirge izleysizyou all want to unitealabirigirge izleydilethey want to unite
want tomenbirigirge izlemeymeI do not want to unitesenbirigirge izlemeyseyou do not want to uniteolbirigirge izlemeydihe does not want to unitebizbirigirge izlemeybizwe do not want to unitesizbirigirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to unitealabirigirge izlemeydilethey do not want to unite
would like tomenbirigirge süemeI would like to unitesenbirigirge süeseyou would like to uniteolbirigirge süedihe would like to unitebizbirigirge süebizwe would like to unitesizbirigirge süesizyou all would like to unitealabirigirge süedilethey would like to unite
would like tomenbirigirge süymeymeI would not like to unitesenbirigirge süymeyseyou would not like to uniteolbirigirge süymeydihe would not like to unitebizbirigirge süymeybizwe would not like to unitesizbirigirge süymeysizyou all would not like to unitealabirigirge süymeydilethey would not like to unite
hope tomenbirigirge umutlanamaI hope to unitesenbirigirge umutlanasayou hope to uniteolbirigirge umutlanadıhe hopes to unitebizbirigirge umutlanabızwe hope to unitesizbirigirge umutlanasızyou all hope to unitealabirigirge umutlanadılathey hope to unite
hope tomenbirigirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to unitesenbirigirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to uniteolbirigirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to unitebizbirigirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to unitesizbirigirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to unitealabirigirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to unite
be about tomenbirigirge deb turamaI am about to unitesenbirigirge deb turasayou are about to uniteolbirigirge deb turadıhe is about to unitebizbirigirge deb turabızwe are about to unitesizbirigirge deb turasızyou all are about to unitealabirigirge deb turadılathey are about to unite
be about tomenbirigirge deb turmaymaI am not about to unitesenbirigirge deb turmaysayou are not about to uniteolbirigirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to unitebizbirigirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to unitesizbirigirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to unitealabirigirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to unite
Need and obligation
need tomenbirigirge kerekmeI need to unitesenbirigirge kerekseyou need to uniteolbirigirge kerekdihe needs to unitebizbirigirge kerekbizwe need to unitesizbirigirge kereksizyou all need to unitealabirigirge kerekdilethey need to unite
need tomenbirigirge kerek tülmeI do not need to unitesenbirigirge kerek tülseyou do not need to uniteolbirigirge kerek tüldühe does not need to unitebizbirigirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to unitesizbirigirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to unitealabirigirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to unite
have tomenmenŋe birigirge tüşediI have to unitesensenŋe birigirge tüşediyou have to uniteolaŋa birigirge tüşedihe has to unitebizbizge birigirge tüşediwe have to unitesizsizge birigirge tüşediyou all have to unitealaalağa birigirge tüşedithey have to unite
have tomenmenŋe birigirge tüşmeydiI do not have to unitesensenŋe birigirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to uniteolaŋa birigirge tüşmeydihe does not have to unitebizbizge birigirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to unitesizsizge birigirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to unitealaalağa birigirge tüşmeydithey do not have to unite
be obliged tomenbirigirge borçlumaI am obliged to unitesenbirigirge borçlusayou are obliged to uniteolbirigirge borçluduhe is obliged to unitebizbirigirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to unitesizbirigirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to unitealabirigirge borçludulathey are obliged to unite
be obliged tomenbirigirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to unitesenbirigirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to uniteolbirigirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to unitebizbirigirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to unitesizbirigirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to unitealabirigirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to unite
Possibility and permission
have a way tomenbirigirge madarım bardıI have a way to unitesenbirigirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to uniteolbirigirge madarı bardıhe has a way to unitebizbirigirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to unitesizbirigirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to unitealabirigirge madarları bardıthey have a way to unite
have a way tomenbirigirge madarım joqduI have no way to unitesenbirigirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to uniteolbirigirge madarı joqduhe has no way to unitebizbirigirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to unitesizbirigirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to unitealabirigirge madarları joqduthey have no way to unite
be free tomenbirigirge erkinligim bardıI am free to unitesenbirigirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to uniteolbirigirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to unitebizbirigirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to unitesizbirigirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to unitealabirigirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to unite
be free tomenbirigirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to unitesenbirigirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to uniteolbirigirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to unitebizbirigirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to unitesizbirigirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to unitealabirigirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to unite
be possible tomenmenŋe birigirge bolluqduit is possible for me to unitesensenŋe birigirge bolluqduit is possible for you to uniteolaŋa birigirge bolluqduit is possible for him to unitebizbizge birigirge bolluqduit is possible for us to unitesizsizge birigirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to unitealaalağa birigirge bolluqduit is possible for them to unite
be possible tomenmenŋe birigirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to unitesensenŋe birigirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to uniteolaŋa birigirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to unitebizbizge birigirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to unitesizsizge birigirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to unitealaalağa birigirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to unite
be ready tomenbirigirge hazırmaI am ready to unitesenbirigirge hazırsayou are ready to uniteolbirigirge hazırdıhe is ready to unitebizbirigirge hazırbızwe are ready to unitesizbirigirge hazırsızyou all are ready to unitealabirigirge hazırdılathey are ready to unite
be ready tomenbirigirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to unitesenbirigirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to uniteolbirigirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to unitebizbirigirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to unitesizbirigirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to unitealabirigirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to unite
Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing
try tomenbirigirge küreşemeI am trying to unitesenbirigirge küreşeseyou are trying to uniteolbirigirge küreşedihe is trying to unitebizbirigirge küreşebizwe are trying to unitesizbirigirge küreşesizyou all are trying to unitealabirigirge küreşedilethey are trying to unite
try tomenbirigirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to unitesenbirigirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to uniteolbirigirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to unitebizbirigirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to unitesizbirigirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to unitealabirigirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to unite
agree tomenbirigirge unaymaI agree to unitesenbirigirge unaysayou agree to uniteolbirigirge unaydıhe agrees to unitebizbirigirge unaybızwe agree to unitesizbirigirge unaysızyou all agree to unitealabirigirge unaydılathey agree to unite
agree tomenbirigirge unamaymaI refuse to unitesenbirigirge unamaysayou refuse to uniteolbirigirge unamaydıhe refuses to unitebizbirigirge unamaybızwe refuse to unitesizbirigirge unamaysızyou all refuse to unitealabirigirge unamaydılathey refuse to unite
hurry tomenbirigirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to unitesenbirigirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to uniteolbirigirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to unitebizbirigirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to unitesizbirigirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to unitealabirigirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to unite
hurry tomenbirigirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to unitesenbirigirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to uniteolbirigirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to unitebizbirigirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to unitesizbirigirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to unitealabirigirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to unite
be afraid tomenbirigirge qorqamaI am afraid to unitesenbirigirge qorqasayou are afraid to uniteolbirigirge qorqadıhe is afraid to unitebizbirigirge qorqabızwe are afraid to unitesizbirigirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to unitealabirigirge qorqadılathey are afraid to unite
be afraid tomenbirigirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to unitesenbirigirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to uniteolbirigirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to unitebizbirigirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to unitesizbirigirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to unitealabirigirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to unite

Emphatic and rare forms

FormmenIsenyouolhe/she/itbizwesizyou allalathey
Inference, present — auxiliary negatedmenbirige bolmazmaI can't be unitingsenbirige bolmazsayou can't be unitingolbirige bolmazhe can't be unitingbizbirige bolmazbızwe can't be unitingsizbirige bolmazsızyou all can't be unitingalabirige bolmazlathey can't be uniting
Inference, present — double negationmenbirikmey bolmazmaI must be uniting (emphatic)senbirikmey bolmazsayou must be uniting (emphatic)olbirikmey bolmazhe must be uniting (emphatic)bizbirikmey bolmazbızwe must be uniting (emphatic)sizbirikmey bolmazsızyou all must be uniting (emphatic)alabirikmey bolmazlathey must be uniting (emphatic)
Progressive conditional — auxiliary negatedmenbirige turmasamif I don't keep unitingsenbirige turmasaŋif you don't keep unitingolbirige turmasaif he doesn't keep unitingbizbirige turmasaqif we don't keep unitingsizbirige turmasağızif you all don't keep unitingalabirige turmasalaif they don't keep uniting
Inference, progressive — auxiliary negatedmenbirige tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of unitingsenbirige tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of unitingolbirige tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of unitingbizbirige tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of unitingsizbirige tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of unitingalabirige tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of uniting
Inference, progressive — double negationmenbirikmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not uniting (emphatic)senbirikmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not uniting (emphatic)olbirikmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not uniting (emphatic)bizbirikmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not uniting (emphatic)sizbirikmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not uniting (emphatic)alabirikmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not uniting (emphatic)
Progressive — verb negatedmenbirikmey turamaI keep on not unitingsenbirikmey turasayou keep on not unitingolbirikmey turadıhe keeps on not unitingbizbirikmey turabızwe keep on not unitingsizbirikmey turasızyou all keep on not unitingalabirikmey turadılathey keep on not uniting
Progressive — double negationmenbirikmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not unitingsenbirikmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not unitingolbirikmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not unitingbizbirikmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not unitingsizbirikmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not unitingalabirikmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not uniting
Progressive — double negationmenbirikmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not uniting?senbirikmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not uniting?olbirikmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not uniting?bizbirikmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not uniting?sizbirikmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not uniting?alabirikmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not uniting?
Inference — auxiliary negatedmenbirikgen bolmazmaI can't have unitedsenbirikgen bolmazsayou can't have unitedolbirikgen bolmazhe can't have unitedbizbirikgen bolmazbızwe can't have unitedsizbirikgen bolmazsızyou all can't have unitedalabirikgen bolmazlathey can't have united
Inference — double negationmenbirikmegen bolmazmaI must have united (emphatic)senbirikmegen bolmazsayou must have united (emphatic)olbirikmegen bolmazhe must have united (emphatic)bizbirikmegen bolmazbızwe must have united (emphatic)sizbirikmegen bolmazsızyou all must have united (emphatic)alabirikmegen bolmazlathey must have united (emphatic)
Counterfactual — auxiliary negatedmenbirikgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had unitedsenbirikgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had unitedolbirikgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had unitedbizbirikgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had unitedsizbirikgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had unitedalabirikgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had united
Counterfactual — double negationmenbirikmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't unitedsenbirikmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't unitedolbirikmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't unitedbizbirikmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't unitedsizbirikmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't unitedalabirikmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't united
Inference, future — auxiliary negatedmenbirigirik bolmazmaI can't be going to unitesenbirigirik bolmazsayou can't be going to uniteolbirigirik bolmazhe can't be going to unitebizbirigirik bolmazbızwe can't be going to unitesizbirigirik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to unitealabirigirik bolmazlathey can't be going to unite
Inference, future — double negationmenbirikmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to unite (emphatic)senbirikmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to unite (emphatic)olbirikmezlik bolmazhe must be going to unite (emphatic)bizbirikmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to unite (emphatic)sizbirikmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to unite (emphatic)alabirikmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to unite (emphatic)
Counterfactual future — auxiliary negatedmenbirigirik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to unitesenbirigirik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to uniteolbirigirik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to unitebizbirigirik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to unitesizbirigirik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to unitealabirigirik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to unite
Counterfactual future — double negationmenbirikmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to unitesenbirikmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to uniteolbirikmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to unitebizbirikmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to unitesizbirikmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to unitealabirikmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to unite