üzerge
/yzerɡe/
1. tear off, break off, pluck
- tüymesin üzerge — to tear off a button
- terekden alma üzerge — to pick an apple from the tree
- üzüb alırğa — to tear something off
- qabıb üzerge — to bite off
- boynun üzerge — to wring its neck
2. squeeze out of someone by dishonest means, extort, wheedle
- açha berligin küçden üzdüm — I only just squeezed the money he owed out of him
- quruluşha açha üzerge — to prise money out for the building work
- küçden üzerge — to squeeze something out with difficulty
3. break off, cut short (a story, a song, a conversation) — Also used for breaking off relations with someone, as in ortanı üzerge.
- soldatnı jırın üzdü — cut the soldier's song short
- haparın üzerge — to cut his story short
- ortanı üzerge — to break off relations
4. disconnect (a telephone, an electric circuit)
- telefonnu üzerge — to disconnect the telephone
- telefonumu üzgendile — they have disconnected my telephone
5. breach, burst through (of water) one source
- suw jağanı üzgendi — the water has burst through the bank
- suw jolnu üzgendi — the water has breached the road
- suw jerni üzedi — water breaks through the ground
6. break through (a front line, a defense) one source
- duşmannı qurşowun üzedi — breaks through the enemy's encirclement
- asker jawnu üzgendi — the army broke through the enemy line
- jaw üzüb ötdü — the enemy broke through
- jawnu askerin üzerge — to break through the enemy's army
7. throw off, free oneself from (a yoke, oppression) one source
- zorluqnu üzüb, çıqğandıla köb halqla — many peoples have thrown off oppression and come out free
- halq jügün üzgendi — the people has thrown off its yoke
- jügün üzüb qutuldu — he threw off his burden and got free
8. kill, put to death one source
- oq anı jaşawun üzdü — a bullet ended his life
- tawuqnu üzerge — to kill the hen
- jawnu üzdüle — they killed the enemy
9. wear out, exhaust, drain one source
- borbayıŋı üzerge — to work yourself into the ground
- jiligin üzerge — to wear someone out completely
- borbayın üzüb qoyarğa bolluqdula — they may well work themselves into the ground
- bu iş anı üzgendi — this work has drained him
- awruw anı üzgendi — the illness has worn him out
Expressions
- awuzluq üzerge — talk endlessly
- awuzundan üzerge — take food from; eat with relish
- çöp üzüb ayırılırğa — break off friendship
- etinden üzüb bergença — grudgingly given
Conjugation
Common forms
- üzedihe is tearing off
- üzdühe tore off
- üzgendihe has torn off
- üzerhe will tear off
- üzerikdihe is going to tear off
- üze edihe was tearing off
- üzseif he tears off
- üz!tear off!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menüzemeI am tearing off | senüzeseyou are tearing off | olüzedihe is tearing off | bizüzebizwe are tearing off | sizüzesizyou all are tearing off | alaüzedilethey are tearing off |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menüzmeymeI am not tearing off | senüzmeyseyou are not tearing off | olüzmeydihe is not tearing off | bizüzmeybizwe are not tearing off | sizüzmeysizyou all are not tearing off | alaüzmeydilethey are not tearing off |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menüzememi? üzemime?am I tearing off? | senüzemise?are you tearing off? | olüzemidi?is he tearing off? | bizüzebizmi? üzemibiz?are we tearing off? | sizüzemisiz?are you all tearing off? | alaüzemidile?are they tearing off? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menüzmeymemi? üzmeymime?aren't I tearing off? | senüzmeymise?aren't you tearing off? | olüzmeymidi?isn't he tearing off? | bizüzmeybizmi? üzmeymibiz?aren't we tearing off? | sizüzmeymisiz?aren't you all tearing off? | alaüzmeymidile?aren't they tearing off? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menüzüwçenmeI usually tear off | senüzüwçenseyou usually tear off | olüzüwçendihe usually tears off | bizüzüwçenbizwe usually tear off | sizüzüwçensizyou all usually tear off | alaüzüwçendilethey usually tear off |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menüzmewçenmeI usually don't tear off | senüzmewçenseyou usually don't tear off | olüzmewçendihe usually doesn't tear off | bizüzmewçenbizwe usually don't tear off | sizüzmewçensizyou all usually don't tear off | alaüzmewçendilethey usually don't tear off |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menüzüwçenmemi? üzüwçenmime?do I usually tear off? | senüzüwçenmise?do you usually tear off? | olüzüwçenmidi?does he usually tear off? | bizüzüwçenbizmi? üzüwçenmibiz?do we usually tear off? | sizüzüwçenmisiz?do you all usually tear off? | alaüzüwçenmidile?do they usually tear off? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menüzmewçenmemi? üzmewçenmime?do I usually not tear off? | senüzmewçenmise?do you usually not tear off? | olüzmewçenmidi?does he usually not tear off? | bizüzmewçenbizmi? üzmewçenmibiz?do we usually not tear off? | sizüzmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not tear off? | alaüzmewçenmidile?do they usually not tear off? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olüzübdühe has torn off and remains so | alaüzübdülethey have torn off and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olüzübmüdü?has he torn off? | alaüzübmüdüle?have they torn off? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menüzüb turamaI keep tearing off | senüzüb turasayou keep tearing off | olüzüb turadıhe keeps tearing off | bizüzüb turabızwe keep tearing off | sizüzüb turasızyou all keep tearing off | alaüzüb turadılathey keep tearing off |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menüzüb turmaymaI don't keep tearing off | senüzüb turmaysayou don't keep tearing off | olüzüb turmaydıhe doesn't keep tearing off | bizüzüb turmaybızwe don't keep tearing off | sizüzüb turmaysızyou all don't keep tearing off | alaüzüb turmaydılathey don't keep tearing off |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menüzüb turamamı? üzüb turamıma?do I keep tearing off? | senüzüb turamısa?do you keep tearing off? | olüzüb turamıdı?does he keep tearing off? | bizüzüb turabızmı? üzüb turamıbız?do we keep tearing off? | sizüzüb turamısız?do you all keep tearing off? | alaüzüb turamıdıla?do they keep tearing off? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menüzüb turmaymamı? üzüb turmaymıma?don't I keep tearing off? | senüzüb turmaymısa?don't you keep tearing off? | olüzüb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep tearing off? | bizüzüb turmaybızmı? üzüb turmaymıbız?don't we keep tearing off? | sizüzüb turmaymısız?don't you all keep tearing off? | alaüzüb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep tearing off? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menüze turamaI am in the middle of tearing off | senüze turasayou are in the middle of tearing off | olüze turadıhe is in the middle of tearing off | bizüze turabızwe are in the middle of tearing off | sizüze turasızyou all are in the middle of tearing off | alaüze turadılathey are in the middle of tearing off |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menüze turmaymaI am not in the middle of tearing off | senüze turmaysayou are not in the middle of tearing off | olüze turmaydıhe is not in the middle of tearing off | bizüze turmaybızwe are not in the middle of tearing off | sizüze turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of tearing off | alaüze turmaydılathey are not in the middle of tearing off |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menüze turamamı? üze turamıma?am I in the middle of tearing off? | senüze turamısa?are you in the middle of tearing off? | olüze turamıdı?is he in the middle of tearing off? | bizüze turabızmı? üze turamıbız?are we in the middle of tearing off? | sizüze turamısız?are you all in the middle of tearing off? | alaüze turamıdıla?are they in the middle of tearing off? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menüze turmaymamı? üze turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of tearing off? | senüze turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of tearing off? | olüze turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of tearing off? | bizüze turmaybızmı? üze turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of tearing off? | sizüze turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of tearing off? | alaüze turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of tearing off? |
| Simple past (definite) | menüzdümI tore off | senüzdüŋyou tore off | olüzdühe tore off | bizüzdükwe tore off | sizüzdügüzyou all tore off | alaüzdülethey tore off |
| Simple past (definite) | menüzmedimI didn't tear off | senüzmediŋyou didn't tear off | olüzmedihe didn't tear off | bizüzmedikwe didn't tear off | sizüzmedigizyou all didn't tear off | alaüzmedilethey didn't tear off |
| Simple past (definite) | menüzdümmü?did I tear off? | senüzdüŋmü?did you tear off? | olüzdümü?did he tear off? | bizüzdükmü?did we tear off? | sizüzdügüzmü?did you all tear off? | alaüzdülemi?did they tear off? |
| Simple past (definite) | menüzmedimmi?didn't I tear off? | senüzmediŋmi?didn't you tear off? | olüzmedimi?didn't he tear off? | bizüzmedikmi?didn't we tear off? | sizüzmedigizmi?didn't you all tear off? | alaüzmedilemi?didn't they tear off? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menüzgenmeI have torn off | senüzgenseyou have torn off | olüzgendihe has torn off | bizüzgenbizwe have torn off | sizüzgensizyou all have torn off | alaüzgendilethey have torn off |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menüzmegenmeI haven't torn off | senüzmegenseyou haven't torn off | olüzmegendihe hasn't torn off | bizüzmegenbizwe haven't torn off | sizüzmegensizyou all haven't torn off | alaüzmegendilethey haven't torn off |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menüzgenmemi? üzgenmime?have I torn off? | senüzgenmise?have you torn off? | olüzgenmidi?has he torn off? | bizüzgenbizmi? üzgenmibiz?have we torn off? | sizüzgenmisiz?have you all torn off? | alaüzgenmidile?have they torn off? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menüzmegenmemi? üzmegenmime?haven't I torn off? | senüzmegenmise?haven't you torn off? | olüzmegenmidi?hasn't he torn off? | bizüzmegenbizmi? üzmegenmibiz?haven't we torn off? | sizüzmegenmisiz?haven't you all torn off? | alaüzmegenmidile?haven't they torn off? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menüzüb turdumI kept tearing off | senüzüb turduŋyou kept tearing off | olüzüb turduhe kept tearing off | bizüzüb turduqwe kept tearing off | sizüzüb turduğuzyou all kept tearing off | alaüzüb turdulathey kept tearing off |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menüzüb turmadımI didn't keep tearing off | senüzüb turmadıŋyou didn't keep tearing off | olüzüb turmadıhe didn't keep tearing off | bizüzüb turmadıqwe didn't keep tearing off | sizüzüb turmadığızyou all didn't keep tearing off | alaüzüb turmadılathey didn't keep tearing off |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menüzermeI will tear off | senüzerseyou will tear off | olüzerhe will tear off | bizüzerbizwe will tear off | sizüzersizyou all will tear off | alaüzerlethey will tear off |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menüzmezmeI won't tear off | senüzmezseyou won't tear off | olüzmezhe won't tear off | bizüzmezbizwe won't tear off | sizüzmezsizyou all won't tear off | alaüzmezlethey won't tear off |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menüzermemi? üzermime?will I tear off? | senüzermise?will you tear off? | olüzermi?will he tear off? | bizüzerbizmi? üzermibiz?will we tear off? | sizüzermisiz?will you all tear off? | alaüzerlemi? üzermile?will they tear off? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menüzmezmemi? üzmezmime?won't I tear off? | senüzmezmise?won't you tear off? | olüzmezmi?won't he tear off? | bizüzmezbizmi? üzmezmibiz?won't we tear off? | sizüzmezmisiz?won't you all tear off? | alaüzmezlemi? üzmezmile?won't they tear off? |
| Definite future (future II) | menüzerikmeI am going to tear off | senüzerikseyou are going to tear off | olüzerikdihe is going to tear off | bizüzerikbizwe are going to tear off | sizüzeriksizyou all are going to tear off | alaüzerikdilethey are going to tear off |
| Definite future (future II) | menüzerik tülmeI am not going to tear off | senüzerik tülseyou are not going to tear off | olüzerik tüldühe is not going to tear off | bizüzerik tülbüzwe are not going to tear off | sizüzerik tülsüzyou all are not going to tear off | alaüzerik tüldülethey are not going to tear off |
| Definite future (future II) | menüzerikmemi? üzerikmime?am I going to tear off? | senüzerikmise?are you going to tear off? | olüzerikmidi?is he going to tear off? | bizüzerikbizmi? üzerikmibiz?are we going to tear off? | sizüzerikmisiz?are you all going to tear off? | alaüzerikmidile?are they going to tear off? |
| Definite future (future II) | menüzerik tülmüme?aren't I going to tear off? | senüzerik tülmüse?aren't you going to tear off? | olüzerik tülmüdü?isn't he going to tear off? | bizüzerik tülmübüz?aren't we going to tear off? | sizüzerik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to tear off? | alaüzerik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to tear off? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menüzgen edimüzgenemI had torn off | senüzgen ediŋüzgeneŋyou had torn off | olüzgen ediüzgenedhe had torn off | bizüzgen ediküzgenekwe had torn off | sizüzgen edigizüzgenegizyou all had torn off | alaüzgen edileüzgenellethey had torn off |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menüzmegen edimüzmegenemI hadn't torn off | senüzmegen ediŋüzmegeneŋyou hadn't torn off | olüzmegen ediüzmegenedhe hadn't torn off | bizüzmegen ediküzmegenekwe hadn't torn off | sizüzmegen edigizüzmegenegizyou all hadn't torn off | alaüzmegen edileüzmegenellethey hadn't torn off |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menüze edimüzemI was tearing off | senüze ediŋüzeŋyou were tearing off | olüze ediüzedhe was tearing off | bizüze ediküzekwe were tearing off | sizüze edigizüzegizyou all were tearing off | alaüze edileüzellethey were tearing off |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menüzmey edimüzmeyemI wasn't tearing off | senüzmey ediŋüzmeyeŋyou weren't tearing off | olüzmey ediüzmeyedhe wasn't tearing off | bizüzmey ediküzmeyekwe weren't tearing off | sizüzmey edigizüzmeyegizyou all weren't tearing off | alaüzmey edileüzmeyellethey weren't tearing off |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menüzüwçen edimüzüwçenemI used to tear off | senüzüwçen ediŋüzüwçeneŋyou used to tear off | olüzüwçen ediüzüwçenedhe used to tear off | bizüzüwçen ediküzüwçenekwe used to tear off | sizüzüwçen edigizüzüwçenegizyou all used to tear off | alaüzüwçen edileüzüwçenellethey used to tear off |
| Habitual past (used to) | menüzmewçen edimüzmewçenemI didn't use to tear off | senüzmewçen ediŋüzmewçeneŋyou didn't use to tear off | olüzmewçen ediüzmewçenedhe didn't use to tear off | bizüzmewçen ediküzmewçenekwe didn't use to tear off | sizüzmewçen edigizüzmewçenegizyou all didn't use to tear off | alaüzmewçen edileüzmewçenellethey didn't use to tear off |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olüzüb edihe had torn off and remained so | alaüzüb edilethey had torn off and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olüzüb tül edihe hadn't torn off | alaüzüb tül edilethey hadn't torn off | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menüzüb tura edimüzüb turaemI had kept tearing off | senüzüb tura ediŋüzüb turaeŋyou had kept tearing off | olüzüb tura ediüzüb turaedhe had kept tearing off | bizüzüb tura ediküzüb turaekwe had kept tearing off | sizüzüb tura edigizüzüb turaegizyou all had kept tearing off | alaüzüb tura edileüzüb turaellethey had kept tearing off |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menüzüb turmay edimüzüb turmayemI hadn't kept tearing off | senüzüb turmay ediŋüzüb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept tearing off | olüzüb turmay ediüzüb turmayedhe hadn't kept tearing off | bizüzüb turmay ediküzüb turmayekwe hadn't kept tearing off | sizüzüb turmay edigizüzüb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept tearing off | alaüzüb turmay edileüzüb turmayellethey hadn't kept tearing off |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menüze tura edimüze turaemI was in the middle of tearing off | senüze tura ediŋüze turaeŋyou were in the middle of tearing off | olüze tura ediüze turaedhe was in the middle of tearing off | bizüze tura ediküze turaekwe were in the middle of tearing off | sizüze tura edigizüze turaegizyou all were in the middle of tearing off | alaüze tura edileüze turaellethey were in the middle of tearing off |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menüze turmay edimüze turmayemI wasn't in the middle of tearing off | senüze turmay ediŋüze turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of tearing off | olüze turmay ediüze turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of tearing off | bizüze turmay ediküze turmayekwe weren't in the middle of tearing off | sizüze turmay edigizüze turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of tearing off | alaüze turmay edileüze turmayellethey weren't in the middle of tearing off |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menüzer edimüzer emI would tear off | senüzer ediŋüzer eŋyou would tear off | olüzer ediüzer edhe would tear off | bizüzer ediküzer ekwe would tear off | sizüzer edigizüzer egizyou all would tear off | alaüzer edileüzer ellethey would tear off |
| Conditional result (would) | menüzmez edimüzmez emI wouldn't tear off | senüzmez ediŋüzmez eŋyou wouldn't tear off | olüzmez ediüzmez edhe wouldn't tear off | bizüzmez ediküzmez ekwe wouldn't tear off | sizüzmez edigizüzmez egizyou all wouldn't tear off | alaüzmez edileüzmez ellethey wouldn't tear off |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menüzerik edimüzerik emI would have torn off | senüzerik ediŋüzerik eŋyou would have torn off | olüzerik ediüzerik edhe would have torn off | bizüzerik ediküzerik ekwe would have torn off | sizüzerik edigizüzerik egizyou all would have torn off | alaüzerik edileüzerik ellethey would have torn off |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menüzerik tül edimüzerik tül emI wouldn't have torn off | senüzerik tül ediŋüzerik tül eŋyou wouldn't have torn off | olüzerik tül ediüzerik tül edhe wouldn't have torn off | bizüzerik tül ediküzerik tül ekwe wouldn't have torn off | sizüzerik tül edigizüzerik tül egizyou all wouldn't have torn off | alaüzerik tül edileüzerik tül ellethey wouldn't have torn off |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menüzsemif I tear off | senüzseŋif you tear off | olüzseif he tears off | bizüzsekif we tear off | sizüzsegizif you all tear off | alaüzseleif they tear off |
| Conditional | menüzmesemif I don't tear off | senüzmeseŋif you don't tear off | olüzmeseif he doesn't tear off | bizüzmesekif we don't tear off | sizüzmesegizif you all don't tear off | alaüzmeseleif they don't tear off |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menüze esemif I am tearing off | senüze eseŋif you are tearing off | olüze eseif he is tearing off | bizüze esekif we are tearing off | sizüze esegizif you all are tearing off | alaüze eseleif they are tearing off |
| Conditional, present real | menüzmey esemif I am not tearing off | senüzmey eseŋif you are not tearing off | olüzmey eseif he is not tearing off | bizüzmey esekif we are not tearing off | sizüzmey esegizif you all are not tearing off | alaüzmey eseleif they are not tearing off |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menüzsem ediüzsem edif only I tore off | senüzseŋ ediüzseŋ edif only you tore off | olüzse ediüzsedif only he tore off | bizüzsek ediüzsek edif only we tore off | sizüzsegiz ediüzsegiz edif only you all tore off | alaüzsele ediüzseledif only they tore off |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menüzmesem ediüzmesem edif only I didn't tear off | senüzmeseŋ ediüzmeseŋ edif only you didn't tear off | olüzmese ediüzmesedif only he didn't tear off | bizüzmesek ediüzmesek edif only we didn't tear off | sizüzmesegiz ediüzmesegiz edif only you all didn't tear off | alaüzmesele ediüzmeseledif only they didn't tear off |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menüzüb tursamif I carry on tearing off | senüzüb tursaŋif you carry on tearing off | olüzüb tursaif he carries on tearing off | bizüzüb tursaqif we carry on tearing off | sizüzüb tursağızif you all carry on tearing off | alaüzüb tursalaif they carry on tearing off |
| Durative conditional | menüzüb turmasamif I don't carry on tearing off | senüzüb turmasaŋif you don't carry on tearing off | olüzüb turmasaif he doesn't carry on tearing off | bizüzüb turmasaqif we don't carry on tearing off | sizüzüb turmasağızif you all don't carry on tearing off | alaüzüb turmasalaif they don't carry on tearing off |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menüzüb tura esemif I have kept tearing off | senüzüb tura eseŋif you have kept tearing off | olüzüb tura eseif he has kept tearing off | bizüzüb tura esekif we have kept tearing off | sizüzüb tura esegizif you all have kept tearing off | alaüzüb tura eseleif they have kept tearing off |
| Durative conditional, present real | menüzüb turmay esemif I haven't kept tearing off | senüzüb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept tearing off | olüzüb turmay eseif he hasn't kept tearing off | bizüzüb turmay esekif we haven't kept tearing off | sizüzüb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept tearing off | alaüzüb turmay eseleif they haven't kept tearing off |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menüze tursamif I keep tearing off | senüze tursaŋif you keep tearing off | olüze tursaif he keeps tearing off | bizüze tursaqif we keep tearing off | sizüze tursağızif you all keep tearing off | alaüze tursalaif they keep tearing off |
| Progressive conditional | menüzmey tursamif I keep on not tearing off | senüzmey tursaŋif you keep on not tearing off | olüzmey tursaif he keeps on not tearing off | bizüzmey tursaqif we keep on not tearing off | sizüzmey tursağızif you all keep on not tearing off | alaüzmey tursalaif they keep on not tearing off |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menüze tura esemif I am in the middle of tearing off | senüze tura eseŋif you are in the middle of tearing off | olüze tura eseif he is in the middle of tearing off | bizüze tura esekif we are in the middle of tearing off | sizüze tura esegizif you all are in the middle of tearing off | alaüze tura eseleif they are in the middle of tearing off |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menüzmey tura esemif I keep on not tearing off | senüzmey tura eseŋif you keep on not tearing off | olüzmey tura eseif he keeps on not tearing off | bizüzmey tura esekif we keep on not tearing off | sizüzmey tura esegizif you all keep on not tearing off | alaüzmey tura eseleif they keep on not tearing off |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menüzdüm esemif I tore off | senüzdüŋ eseŋif you tore off | olüzdü eseif he tore off | bizüzdük esekif we tore off | sizüzdügüz esegizif you all tore off | alaüzdüle eseleif they tore off |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menüzmedim esemif I didn't tear off | senüzmediŋ eseŋif you didn't tear off | olüzmedi eseif he didn't tear off | bizüzmedik esekif we didn't tear off | sizüzmedigiz esegizif you all didn't tear off | alaüzmedile eseleif they didn't tear off |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menüzgen esemif I did tear off (indeed) | senüzgen eseŋif you did tear off (indeed) | olüzgen eseif he did tear off (indeed) | bizüzgen esekif we did tear off (indeed) | sizüzgen esegizif you all did tear off (indeed) | alaüzgen eseleif they did tear off (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menüzmegen esemif I didn't tear off (indeed) | senüzmegen eseŋif you didn't tear off (indeed) | olüzmegen eseif he didn't tear off (indeed) | bizüzmegen esekif we didn't tear off (indeed) | sizüzmegen esegizif you all didn't tear off (indeed) | alaüzmegen eseleif they didn't tear off (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menüzgen bolsamif I had torn off | senüzgen bolsaŋif you had torn off | olüzgen bolsaif he had torn off | bizüzgen bolsaqif we had torn off | sizüzgen bolsağızif you all had torn off | alaüzgen bolsalaif they had torn off |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menüzmegen bolsamif I hadn't torn off | senüzmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't torn off | olüzmegen bolsaif he hadn't torn off | bizüzmegen bolsaqif we hadn't torn off | sizüzmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't torn off | alaüzmegen bolsalaif they hadn't torn off |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menüzgen bolsam ediüzgen bolsam edif only I had torn off | senüzgen bolsaŋ ediüzgen bolsaŋ edif only you had torn off | olüzgen bolsa ediüzgen bolsaedif only he had torn off | bizüzgen bolsaq ediüzgen bolsaq edif only we had torn off | sizüzgen bolsağız ediüzgen bolsağız edif only you all had torn off | alaüzgen bolsala ediüzgen bolsalaedif only they had torn off |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menüzmegen bolsam ediüzmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't torn off | senüzmegen bolsaŋ ediüzmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't torn off | olüzmegen bolsa ediüzmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't torn off | bizüzmegen bolsaq ediüzmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't torn off | sizüzmegen bolsağız ediüzmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't torn off | alaüzmegen bolsala ediüzmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't torn off |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menüzer esemif I will tear off | senüzer eseŋif you will tear off | olüzer eseif he will tear off | bizüzer esekif we will tear off | sizüzer esegizif you all will tear off | alaüzer eseleif they will tear off |
| Conditional, aorist | menüzmez esemif I won't tear off | senüzmez eseŋif you won't tear off | olüzmez eseif he won't tear off | bizüzmez esekif we won't tear off | sizüzmez esegizif you all won't tear off | alaüzmez eseleif they won't tear off |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menüzerik esemif I am going to tear off | senüzerik eseŋif you are going to tear off | olüzerik eseif he is going to tear off | bizüzerik esekif we are going to tear off | sizüzerik esegizif you all are going to tear off | alaüzerik eseleif they are going to tear off |
| Conditional, future | menüzerik tül esemif I am not going to tear off | senüzerik tül eseŋif you are not going to tear off | olüzerik tül eseif he is not going to tear off | bizüzerik tül esekif we are not going to tear off | sizüzerik tül esegizif you all are not going to tear off | alaüzerik tül eseleif they are not going to tear off |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menüzerik bolsamif I were going to tear off | senüzerik bolsaŋif you were going to tear off | olüzerik bolsaif he were going to tear off | bizüzerik bolsaqif we were going to tear off | sizüzerik bolsağızif you all were going to tear off | alaüzerik bolsalaif they were going to tear off |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menüzmezlik bolsamif I were not going to tear off | senüzmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to tear off | olüzmezlik bolsaif he were not going to tear off | bizüzmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to tear off | sizüzmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to tear off | alaüzmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to tear off |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso üzdüŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menüze bolurmaI must be tearing off | senüze bolursayou must be tearing off | olüze bolurhe must be tearing off | bizüze bolurbuzwe must be tearing off | sizüze bolursuzyou all must be tearing off | alaüze bolurlathey must be tearing off |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menüzmey bolurmaI must not be tearing off | senüzmey bolursayou must not be tearing off | olüzmey bolurhe must not be tearing off | bizüzmey bolurbuzwe must not be tearing off | sizüzmey bolursuzyou all must not be tearing off | alaüzmey bolurlathey must not be tearing off |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menüze tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of tearing off | senüze tura bolursayou must be in the middle of tearing off | olüze tura bolurhe must be in the middle of tearing off | bizüze tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of tearing off | sizüze tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of tearing off | alaüze tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of tearing off |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menüzmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not tearing off | senüzmey tura bolursayou must keep on not tearing off | olüzmey tura bolurhe must keep on not tearing off | bizüzmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not tearing off | sizüzmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not tearing off | alaüzmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not tearing off |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menüzgen bolurmaI must have torn off | senüzgen bolursayou must have torn off | olüzgen bolurhe must have torn off | bizüzgen bolurbuzwe must have torn off | sizüzgen bolursuzyou all must have torn off | alaüzgen bolurlathey must have torn off |
| Inference (must have) | menüzmegen bolurmaI must not have torn off | senüzmegen bolursayou must not have torn off | olüzmegen bolurhe must not have torn off | bizüzmegen bolurbuzwe must not have torn off | sizüzmegen bolursuzyou all must not have torn off | alaüzmegen bolurlathey must not have torn off |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menüzerik bolurmaI must be going to tear off | senüzerik bolursayou must be going to tear off | olüzerik bolurhe must be going to tear off | bizüzerik bolurbuzwe must be going to tear off | sizüzerik bolursuzyou all must be going to tear off | alaüzerik bolurlathey must be going to tear off |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menüzmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to tear off | senüzmezlik bolursayou must not be going to tear off | olüzmezlik bolurhe must not be going to tear off | bizüzmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to tear off | sizüzmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to tear off | alaüzmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to tear off |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menüzeyimlet me tear off | senüz!tear off! | olüzsünlet him tear off | bizüzeyiklet's tear off | sizüzügüz!tear off, you all! | alaüzsünlelet them tear off |
| Commands & suggestions | menüzmeyimlet me not tear off | senüzme!don't tear off! | olüzmesinlet him not tear off | bizüzmeyiklet's not tear off | sizüzmegiz!don't tear off, you all! | alaüzmesinlelet them not tear off |
| Commands & suggestions | menüzeyimmi?shall I tear off? | olüzsünmü?should he tear off? | bizüzeyikmi?shall we tear off? | alaüzsünlemi?should they tear off? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menüzmeyimmi?shall I not tear off? | olüzmesinmi?should he not tear off? | bizüzmeyikmi?shall we not tear off? | alaüzmesinlemi?should they not tear off? | ||
| Requests | senüzçü2üzçünplease tear off | olüzsünçüdo let him tear off | sizüzçügüzplease tear off (plural/polite) | alaüzsünleçido let them tear off | ||
| Requests | senüzmeçi2üzmeçinplease don't tear off | olüzmesinçido let him not tear off | sizüzmeçigizplease don't tear off (plural/polite) | alaüzmesinleçido let them not tear off | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senüzgünüzgümay you tear off | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senüzmeginüzmegimay you not tear off | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menüzgey edim üzge edimwould that I tore off | senüzgey ediŋ üzge ediŋwould that you tore off | olüzgey edi üzge ediwould that he tore off | bizüzgey edik üzge edikwould that we tore off | sizüzgey edigiz üzge edigizwould that you all tore off | alaüzgey edile üzge edilewould that they tore off |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menüzmegey edim üzmege edimwould that I did not tear off | senüzmegey ediŋ üzmege ediŋwould that you did not tear off | olüzmegey edi üzmege ediwould that he did not tear off | bizüzmegey edik üzmege edikwould that we did not tear off | sizüzmegey edigiz üzmege edigizwould that you all did not tear off | alaüzmegey edile üzmege edilewould that they did not tear off |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menüzmege qoyayımüzme qoyayımlet me allow someone to tear off | senüzmege qoy!üzme qoy!let someone tear off! | olüzmege qoysunüzme qoysunlet him allow someone to tear off | bizüzmege qoyayıqüzme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to tear off | sizüzmege qoyuğuz!üzme qoyuğuz!let someone tear off, you all! | alaüzmege qoysunlaüzme qoysunlalet them allow someone to tear off |
| Let someone… (commands) | menüzmege qoymayımüzme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to tear off | senüzmege qoyma!üzme qoyma!don't let someone tear off! | olüzmege qoymasınüzme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to tear off | bizüzmege qoymayıqüzme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to tear off | sizüzmege qoymağız!üzme qoymağız!don't let someone tear off, you all! | alaüzmege qoymasınlaüzme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to tear off |
| Let someone… (commands) | menüzmege qoyayımmı?üzme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to tear off? | olüzmege qoysunmu?üzme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to tear off? | bizüzmege qoyayıqmı?üzme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to tear off? | alaüzmege qoysunlamı?üzme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to tear off? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menüzmege qoymayımmı?üzme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to tear off? | olüzmege qoymasınmı?üzme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to tear off? | bizüzmege qoymayıqmı?üzme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to tear off? | alaüzmege qoymasınlamı?üzme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to tear off? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menüzmege qoyamaüzme qoyamaI allow someone to tear off | senüzmege qoyasaüzme qoyasayou allow someone to tear off | olüzmege qoyadıüzme qoyadıhe allows someone to tear off | bizüzmege qoyabızüzme qoyabızwe allow someone to tear off | sizüzmege qoyasızüzme qoyasızyou all allow someone to tear off | alaüzmege qoyadılaüzme qoyadılathey allow someone to tear off |
| Let someone… (present) | menüzmege qoymaymaüzme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to tear off | senüzmege qoymaysaüzme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to tear off | olüzmege qoymaydıüzme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to tear off | bizüzmege qoymaybızüzme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to tear off | sizüzmege qoymaysızüzme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to tear off | alaüzmege qoymaydılaüzme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to tear off |
| Let someone… (present) | menüzmege qoyamamı?üzme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to tear off? | senüzmege qoyamısa?üzme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to tear off? | olüzmege qoyamıdı?üzme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to tear off? | bizüzmege qoyabızmı?üzme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to tear off? | sizüzmege qoyamısız?üzme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to tear off? | alaüzmege qoyamıdıla?üzme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to tear off? |
| Let someone… (present) | menüzmege qoymaymamı?üzme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to tear off? | senüzmege qoymaymısa?üzme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to tear off? | olüzmege qoymaymıdı?üzme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to tear off? | bizüzmege qoymaybızmı?üzme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to tear off? | sizüzmege qoymaymısız?üzme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to tear off? | alaüzmege qoymaymıdıla?üzme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to tear off? |
| Let someone… (past) | menüzmege qoydumüzme qoydumI allowed someone to tear off | senüzmege qoyduŋüzme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to tear off | olüzmege qoyduüzme qoyduhe allowed someone to tear off | bizüzmege qoyduqüzme qoyduqwe allowed someone to tear off | sizüzmege qoyduğuzüzme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to tear off | alaüzmege qoydulaüzme qoydulathey allowed someone to tear off |
| Let someone… (past) | menüzmege qoymadımüzme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to tear off | senüzmege qoymadıŋüzme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to tear off | olüzmege qoymadıüzme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to tear off | bizüzmege qoymadıqüzme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to tear off | sizüzmege qoymadığızüzme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to tear off | alaüzmege qoymadılaüzme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to tear off |
| Let someone… (past) | menüzmege qoydummu?üzme qoydummu?did I allow someone to tear off? | senüzmege qoyduŋmu?üzme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to tear off? | olüzmege qoydumu?üzme qoydumu?did he allow someone to tear off? | bizüzmege qoyduqmu?üzme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to tear off? | sizüzmege qoyduğuzmu?üzme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to tear off? | alaüzmege qoydulamı?üzme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to tear off? |
| Let someone… (past) | menüzmege qoymadımmı?üzme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to tear off? | senüzmege qoymadıŋmı?üzme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to tear off? | olüzmege qoymadımı?üzme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to tear off? | bizüzmege qoymadıqmı?üzme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to tear off? | sizüzmege qoymadığızmı?üzme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to tear off? | alaüzmege qoymadılamı?üzme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to tear off? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
üzalırğa be able to tear off · üzalmazğa be unable to tear off
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menüzalamaI can tear off | senüzalasayou can tear off | olüzaladıhe can tear off | bizüzalabızwe can tear off | sizüzalasızyou all can tear off | alaüzaladılathey can tear off |
| Ability — present | menüzalmaymaI can't tear off | senüzalmaysayou can't tear off | olüzalmaydıhe can't tear off | bizüzalmaybızwe can't tear off | sizüzalmaysızyou all can't tear off | alaüzalmaydılathey can't tear off |
| Ability — present | menüzalamamı? üzalamıma?can I tear off? | senüzalamısa?can you tear off? | olüzalamıdı?can he tear off? | bizüzalabızmı? üzalamıbız?can we tear off? | sizüzalamısız?can you all tear off? | alaüzalamıdıla?can they tear off? |
| Ability — present | menüzalmaymamı? üzalmaymıma?can't I tear off? | senüzalmaymısa?can't you tear off? | olüzalmaymıdı?can't he tear off? | bizüzalmaybızmı? üzalmaymıbız?can't we tear off? | sizüzalmaymısız?can't you all tear off? | alaüzalmaymıdıla?can't they tear off? |
| Ability — if I can… | menüzalsamif I can tear off | senüzalsaŋif you can tear off | olüzalsaif he can tear off | bizüzalsaqif we can tear off | sizüzalsağızif you all can tear off | alaüzalsalaif they can tear off |
| Ability — if I can… | menüzalmasamif I can't tear off | senüzalmasaŋif you can't tear off | olüzalmasaif he can't tear off | bizüzalmasaqif we can't tear off | sizüzalmasağızif you all can't tear off | alaüzalmasalaif they can't tear off |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menüzaldımI was able to tear off | senüzaldıŋyou were able to tear off | olüzaldıhe was able to tear off | bizüzaldıqwe were able to tear off | sizüzaldığızyou all were able to tear off | alaüzaldılathey were able to tear off |
| Ability — simple past | menüzalmadımI could not tear off | senüzalmadıŋyou could not tear off | olüzalmadıhe could not tear off | bizüzalmadıqwe could not tear off | sizüzalmadığızyou all could not tear off | alaüzalmadılathey could not tear off |
| Ability — simple past | menüzaldımmı?was I able to tear off? | senüzaldıŋmı?were you able to tear off? | olüzaldımı?was he able to tear off? | bizüzaldıqmı?were we able to tear off? | sizüzaldığızmı?were you all able to tear off? | alaüzaldılamı?were they able to tear off? |
| Ability — simple past | menüzalmadımmı?couldn't I tear off? | senüzalmadıŋmı?couldn't you tear off? | olüzalmadımı?couldn't he tear off? | bizüzalmadıqmı?couldn't we tear off? | sizüzalmadığızmı?couldn't you all tear off? | alaüzalmadılamı?couldn't they tear off? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menüzalğanmaI have been able to tear off | senüzalğansayou have been able to tear off | olüzalğandıhe has been able to tear off | bizüzalğanbızwe have been able to tear off | sizüzalğansızyou all have been able to tear off | alaüzalğandılathey have been able to tear off |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menüzalmağanmaI haven't been able to tear off | senüzalmağansayou haven't been able to tear off | olüzalmağandıhe hasn't been able to tear off | bizüzalmağanbızwe haven't been able to tear off | sizüzalmağansızyou all haven't been able to tear off | alaüzalmağandılathey haven't been able to tear off |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menüzalğanmamı? üzalğanmıma?have I been able to tear off? | senüzalğanmısa?have you been able to tear off? | olüzalğanmıdı?has he been able to tear off? | bizüzalğanbızmı? üzalğanmıbız?have we been able to tear off? | sizüzalğanmısız?have you all been able to tear off? | alaüzalğanmıdıla?have they been able to tear off? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menüzalmağanmamı? üzalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to tear off? | senüzalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to tear off? | olüzalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to tear off? | bizüzalmağanbızmı? üzalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to tear off? | sizüzalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to tear off? | alaüzalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to tear off? |
| Ability — past perfect | menüzalğan edimüzalğanemI had been able to tear off | senüzalğan ediŋüzalğaneŋyou had been able to tear off | olüzalğan ediüzalğanedhe had been able to tear off | bizüzalğan ediküzalğanekwe had been able to tear off | sizüzalğan edigizüzalğanegizyou all had been able to tear off | alaüzalğan edileüzalğanellethey had been able to tear off |
| Ability — past perfect | menüzalmağan edimüzalmağanemI hadn't been able to tear off | senüzalmağan ediŋüzalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to tear off | olüzalmağan ediüzalmağanedhe hadn't been able to tear off | bizüzalmağan ediküzalmağanekwe hadn't been able to tear off | sizüzalmağan edigizüzalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to tear off | alaüzalmağan edileüzalmağanellethey hadn't been able to tear off |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menüzala edimüzalaemI could tear off | senüzala ediŋüzalaeŋyou could tear off | olüzala ediüzalaedhe could tear off | bizüzala ediküzalaekwe could tear off | sizüzala edigizüzalaegizyou all could tear off | alaüzala edileüzalaellethey could tear off |
| Ability — past background | menüzalmay edimüzalmayemI could not tear off | senüzalmay ediŋüzalmayeŋyou could not tear off | olüzalmay ediüzalmayedhe could not tear off | bizüzalmay ediküzalmayekwe could not tear off | sizüzalmay edigizüzalmayegizyou all could not tear off | alaüzalmay edileüzalmayellethey could not tear off |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menüzalırmaI will be able to tear off | senüzalırsayou will be able to tear off | olüzalırhe will be able to tear off | bizüzalırbızwe will be able to tear off | sizüzalırsızyou all will be able to tear off | alaüzalırlathey will be able to tear off |
| Ability — future I | menüzalmazmaI won't be able to tear off | senüzalmazsayou won't be able to tear off | olüzalmazhe won't be able to tear off | bizüzalmazbızwe won't be able to tear off | sizüzalmazsızyou all won't be able to tear off | alaüzalmazlathey won't be able to tear off |
| Ability — future I | menüzalırmamı? üzalırmıma?will I be able to tear off? | senüzalırmısa?will you be able to tear off? | olüzalırmı?will he be able to tear off? | bizüzalırbızmı? üzalırmıbız?will we be able to tear off? | sizüzalırmısız?will you all be able to tear off? | alaüzalırlamı? üzalırmıla?will they be able to tear off? |
| Ability — future I | menüzalmazmamı? üzalmazmıma?won't I be able to tear off? | senüzalmazmısa?won't you be able to tear off? | olüzalmazmı?won't he be able to tear off? | bizüzalmazbızmı? üzalmazmıbız?won't we be able to tear off? | sizüzalmazmısız?won't you all be able to tear off? | alaüzalmazlamı? üzalmazmıla?won't they be able to tear off? |
| Ability — future II | menüzallıqmaI am going to be able to tear off | senüzallıqsayou are going to be able to tear off | olüzallıqdıhe is going to be able to tear off | bizüzallıqbızwe are going to be able to tear off | sizüzallıqsızyou all are going to be able to tear off | alaüzallıqdılathey are going to be able to tear off |
| Ability — future II | menüzallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to tear off | senüzallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to tear off | olüzallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to tear off | bizüzallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to tear off | sizüzallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to tear off | alaüzallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to tear off |
| Ability — future II | menüzallıqmamı? üzallıqmıma?am I going to be able to tear off? | senüzallıqmısa?are you going to be able to tear off? | olüzallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to tear off? | bizüzallıqbızmı? üzallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to tear off? | sizüzallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to tear off? | alaüzallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to tear off? |
| Ability — future II | menüzallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to tear off? | senüzallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to tear off? | olüzallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to tear off? | bizüzallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to tear off? | sizüzallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to tear off? | alaüzallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to tear off? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menüzalır edimüzalır emI would be able to tear off | senüzalır ediŋüzalır eŋyou would be able to tear off | olüzalır ediüzalır edhe would be able to tear off | bizüzalır ediküzalır ekwe would be able to tear off | sizüzalır edigizüzalır egizyou all would be able to tear off | alaüzalır edileüzalır ellethey would be able to tear off |
| Ability — would be able to… | menüzalmaz edimüzalmaz emI wouldn't be able to tear off | senüzalmaz ediŋüzalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to tear off | olüzalmaz ediüzalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to tear off | bizüzalmaz ediküzalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to tear off | sizüzalmaz edigizüzalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to tear off | alaüzalmaz edileüzalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to tear off |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senüzalğınüzalğımay you be able to tear off | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senüzalmağınüzalmağımay you not be able to tear off | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menüzerge izleymeI want to tear off | senüzerge izleyseyou want to tear off | olüzerge izleydihe wants to tear off | bizüzerge izleybizwe want to tear off | sizüzerge izleysizyou all want to tear off | alaüzerge izleydilethey want to tear off |
| want to | menüzerge izlemeymeI do not want to tear off | senüzerge izlemeyseyou do not want to tear off | olüzerge izlemeydihe does not want to tear off | bizüzerge izlemeybizwe do not want to tear off | sizüzerge izlemeysizyou all do not want to tear off | alaüzerge izlemeydilethey do not want to tear off |
| would like to | menüzerge süemeI would like to tear off | senüzerge süeseyou would like to tear off | olüzerge süedihe would like to tear off | bizüzerge süebizwe would like to tear off | sizüzerge süesizyou all would like to tear off | alaüzerge süedilethey would like to tear off |
| would like to | menüzerge süymeymeI would not like to tear off | senüzerge süymeyseyou would not like to tear off | olüzerge süymeydihe would not like to tear off | bizüzerge süymeybizwe would not like to tear off | sizüzerge süymeysizyou all would not like to tear off | alaüzerge süymeydilethey would not like to tear off |
| hope to | menüzerge umutlanamaI hope to tear off | senüzerge umutlanasayou hope to tear off | olüzerge umutlanadıhe hopes to tear off | bizüzerge umutlanabızwe hope to tear off | sizüzerge umutlanasızyou all hope to tear off | alaüzerge umutlanadılathey hope to tear off |
| hope to | menüzerge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to tear off | senüzerge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to tear off | olüzerge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to tear off | bizüzerge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to tear off | sizüzerge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to tear off | alaüzerge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to tear off |
| be about to | menüzerge deb turamaI am about to tear off | senüzerge deb turasayou are about to tear off | olüzerge deb turadıhe is about to tear off | bizüzerge deb turabızwe are about to tear off | sizüzerge deb turasızyou all are about to tear off | alaüzerge deb turadılathey are about to tear off |
| be about to | menüzerge deb turmaymaI am not about to tear off | senüzerge deb turmaysayou are not about to tear off | olüzerge deb turmaydıhe is not about to tear off | bizüzerge deb turmaybızwe are not about to tear off | sizüzerge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to tear off | alaüzerge deb turmaydılathey are not about to tear off |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menüzerge kerekmeI need to tear off | senüzerge kerekseyou need to tear off | olüzerge kerekdihe needs to tear off | bizüzerge kerekbizwe need to tear off | sizüzerge kereksizyou all need to tear off | alaüzerge kerekdilethey need to tear off |
| need to | menüzerge kerek tülmeI do not need to tear off | senüzerge kerek tülseyou do not need to tear off | olüzerge kerek tüldühe does not need to tear off | bizüzerge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to tear off | sizüzerge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to tear off | alaüzerge kerek tüldülethey do not need to tear off |
| have to | menmenŋe üzerge tüşediI have to tear off | sensenŋe üzerge tüşediyou have to tear off | olaŋa üzerge tüşedihe has to tear off | bizbizge üzerge tüşediwe have to tear off | sizsizge üzerge tüşediyou all have to tear off | alaalağa üzerge tüşedithey have to tear off |
| have to | menmenŋe üzerge tüşmeydiI do not have to tear off | sensenŋe üzerge tüşmeydiyou do not have to tear off | olaŋa üzerge tüşmeydihe does not have to tear off | bizbizge üzerge tüşmeydiwe do not have to tear off | sizsizge üzerge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to tear off | alaalağa üzerge tüşmeydithey do not have to tear off |
| be obliged to | menüzerge borçlumaI am obliged to tear off | senüzerge borçlusayou are obliged to tear off | olüzerge borçluduhe is obliged to tear off | bizüzerge borçlubuzwe are obliged to tear off | sizüzerge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to tear off | alaüzerge borçludulathey are obliged to tear off |
| be obliged to | menüzerge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to tear off | senüzerge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to tear off | olüzerge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to tear off | bizüzerge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to tear off | sizüzerge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to tear off | alaüzerge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to tear off |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menüzerge madarım bardıI have a way to tear off | senüzerge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to tear off | olüzerge madarı bardıhe has a way to tear off | bizüzerge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to tear off | sizüzerge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to tear off | alaüzerge madarları bardıthey have a way to tear off |
| have a way to | menüzerge madarım joqduI have no way to tear off | senüzerge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to tear off | olüzerge madarı joqduhe has no way to tear off | bizüzerge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to tear off | sizüzerge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to tear off | alaüzerge madarları joqduthey have no way to tear off |
| be free to | menüzerge erkinligim bardıI am free to tear off | senüzerge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to tear off | olüzerge erkinligi bardıhe is free to tear off | bizüzerge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to tear off | sizüzerge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to tear off | alaüzerge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to tear off |
| be free to | menüzerge erkinligim joqduI am not free to tear off | senüzerge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to tear off | olüzerge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to tear off | bizüzerge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to tear off | sizüzerge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to tear off | alaüzerge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to tear off |
| be possible to | menmenŋe üzerge bolluqduit is possible for me to tear off | sensenŋe üzerge bolluqduit is possible for you to tear off | olaŋa üzerge bolluqduit is possible for him to tear off | bizbizge üzerge bolluqduit is possible for us to tear off | sizsizge üzerge bolluqduit is possible for you all to tear off | alaalağa üzerge bolluqduit is possible for them to tear off |
| be possible to | menmenŋe üzerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to tear off | sensenŋe üzerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to tear off | olaŋa üzerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to tear off | bizbizge üzerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to tear off | sizsizge üzerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to tear off | alaalağa üzerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to tear off |
| be ready to | menüzerge hazırmaI am ready to tear off | senüzerge hazırsayou are ready to tear off | olüzerge hazırdıhe is ready to tear off | bizüzerge hazırbızwe are ready to tear off | sizüzerge hazırsızyou all are ready to tear off | alaüzerge hazırdılathey are ready to tear off |
| be ready to | menüzerge hazır tülmeI am not ready to tear off | senüzerge hazır tülseyou are not ready to tear off | olüzerge hazır tüldühe is not ready to tear off | bizüzerge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to tear off | sizüzerge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to tear off | alaüzerge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to tear off |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menüzerge küreşemeI am trying to tear off | senüzerge küreşeseyou are trying to tear off | olüzerge küreşedihe is trying to tear off | bizüzerge küreşebizwe are trying to tear off | sizüzerge küreşesizyou all are trying to tear off | alaüzerge küreşedilethey are trying to tear off |
| try to | menüzerge küreşmeymeI am not trying to tear off | senüzerge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to tear off | olüzerge küreşmeydihe is not trying to tear off | bizüzerge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to tear off | sizüzerge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to tear off | alaüzerge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to tear off |
| agree to | menüzerge unaymaI agree to tear off | senüzerge unaysayou agree to tear off | olüzerge unaydıhe agrees to tear off | bizüzerge unaybızwe agree to tear off | sizüzerge unaysızyou all agree to tear off | alaüzerge unaydılathey agree to tear off |
| agree to | menüzerge unamaymaI refuse to tear off | senüzerge unamaysayou refuse to tear off | olüzerge unamaydıhe refuses to tear off | bizüzerge unamaybızwe refuse to tear off | sizüzerge unamaysızyou all refuse to tear off | alaüzerge unamaydılathey refuse to tear off |
| hurry to | menüzerge aşığamaI am in a hurry to tear off | senüzerge aşığasayou are in a hurry to tear off | olüzerge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to tear off | bizüzerge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to tear off | sizüzerge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to tear off | alaüzerge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to tear off |
| hurry to | menüzerge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to tear off | senüzerge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to tear off | olüzerge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to tear off | bizüzerge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to tear off | sizüzerge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to tear off | alaüzerge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to tear off |
| be afraid to | menüzerge qorqamaI am afraid to tear off | senüzerge qorqasayou are afraid to tear off | olüzerge qorqadıhe is afraid to tear off | bizüzerge qorqabızwe are afraid to tear off | sizüzerge qorqasızyou all are afraid to tear off | alaüzerge qorqadılathey are afraid to tear off |
| be afraid to | menüzerge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to tear off | senüzerge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to tear off | olüzerge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to tear off | bizüzerge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to tear off | sizüzerge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to tear off | alaüzerge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to tear off |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menüze bolmazmaI can't be tearing off | senüze bolmazsayou can't be tearing off | olüze bolmazhe can't be tearing off | bizüze bolmazbızwe can't be tearing off | sizüze bolmazsızyou all can't be tearing off | alaüze bolmazlathey can't be tearing off |
| Inference, present — double negation | menüzmey bolmazmaI must be tearing off (emphatic) | senüzmey bolmazsayou must be tearing off (emphatic) | olüzmey bolmazhe must be tearing off (emphatic) | bizüzmey bolmazbızwe must be tearing off (emphatic) | sizüzmey bolmazsızyou all must be tearing off (emphatic) | alaüzmey bolmazlathey must be tearing off (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menüze turmasamif I don't keep tearing off | senüze turmasaŋif you don't keep tearing off | olüze turmasaif he doesn't keep tearing off | bizüze turmasaqif we don't keep tearing off | sizüze turmasağızif you all don't keep tearing off | alaüze turmasalaif they don't keep tearing off |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menüze tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of tearing off | senüze tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of tearing off | olüze tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of tearing off | bizüze tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of tearing off | sizüze tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of tearing off | alaüze tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of tearing off |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menüzmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not tearing off (emphatic) | senüzmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not tearing off (emphatic) | olüzmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not tearing off (emphatic) | bizüzmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not tearing off (emphatic) | sizüzmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not tearing off (emphatic) | alaüzmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not tearing off (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menüzmey turamaI keep on not tearing off | senüzmey turasayou keep on not tearing off | olüzmey turadıhe keeps on not tearing off | bizüzmey turabızwe keep on not tearing off | sizüzmey turasızyou all keep on not tearing off | alaüzmey turadılathey keep on not tearing off |
| Progressive — double negation | menüzmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not tearing off | senüzmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not tearing off | olüzmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not tearing off | bizüzmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not tearing off | sizüzmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not tearing off | alaüzmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not tearing off |
| Progressive — double negation | menüzmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not tearing off? | senüzmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not tearing off? | olüzmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not tearing off? | bizüzmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not tearing off? | sizüzmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not tearing off? | alaüzmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not tearing off? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menüzgen bolmazmaI can't have torn off | senüzgen bolmazsayou can't have torn off | olüzgen bolmazhe can't have torn off | bizüzgen bolmazbızwe can't have torn off | sizüzgen bolmazsızyou all can't have torn off | alaüzgen bolmazlathey can't have torn off |
| Inference — double negation | menüzmegen bolmazmaI must have torn off (emphatic) | senüzmegen bolmazsayou must have torn off (emphatic) | olüzmegen bolmazhe must have torn off (emphatic) | bizüzmegen bolmazbızwe must have torn off (emphatic) | sizüzmegen bolmazsızyou all must have torn off (emphatic) | alaüzmegen bolmazlathey must have torn off (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menüzgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had torn off | senüzgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had torn off | olüzgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had torn off | bizüzgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had torn off | sizüzgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had torn off | alaüzgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had torn off |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menüzmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't torn off | senüzmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't torn off | olüzmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't torn off | bizüzmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't torn off | sizüzmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't torn off | alaüzmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't torn off |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menüzerik bolmazmaI can't be going to tear off | senüzerik bolmazsayou can't be going to tear off | olüzerik bolmazhe can't be going to tear off | bizüzerik bolmazbızwe can't be going to tear off | sizüzerik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to tear off | alaüzerik bolmazlathey can't be going to tear off |
| Inference, future — double negation | menüzmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to tear off (emphatic) | senüzmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to tear off (emphatic) | olüzmezlik bolmazhe must be going to tear off (emphatic) | bizüzmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to tear off (emphatic) | sizüzmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to tear off (emphatic) | alaüzmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to tear off (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menüzerik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to tear off | senüzerik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to tear off | olüzerik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to tear off | bizüzerik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to tear off | sizüzerik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to tear off | alaüzerik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to tear off |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menüzmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to tear off | senüzmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to tear off | olüzmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to tear off | bizüzmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to tear off | sizüzmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to tear off | alaüzmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to tear off |