ökürürge
/økyryrɡe/
1. bellow, low — Said of cattle: a cow lows, a bull bellows. Same meaning as möŋürerge.
- iynekle buzowlarına ökürüb keledile — the cows come lowing to their calves
- iynek öküredi — the cow is lowing
- buğanı ökürgen tawuşu keledi — the sound of the bull bellowing can be heard
- iynekle açdan ökürdüle — the cows lowed from hunger
- buğa ökürüb turadı — the bull keeps bellowing
- malla öküredile — the animals are lowing
- buğa öküredi — the bull bellows
2. bawl, cry loudly, howl with weeping — Often said of many people crying at once.
- sabiy ökürüb jılağandı — the child howled with weeping
- ol açıwdan ökürdü — he bawled from grief
- ökürgen, qıçırıb jılağan tawuşla çıqdıla — bawling, loud wailing sounds arose
- ökürüb jılarğa — to howl with weeping
Expressions
- buw ökürgen zaman — late autumn
Conjugation
Common forms
- öküredihe is bellowing
- ökürdühe bellowed
- ökürgendihe has bellowed
- ökürürhe will bellow
- ökürlükdühe is going to bellow
- öküre edihe was bellowing
- ökürseif he bellows
- ökür!bellow!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menöküremeI am bellowing | senöküreseyou are bellowing | olöküredihe is bellowing | bizökürebizwe are bellowing | sizöküresizyou all are bellowing | alaöküredilethey are bellowing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menökürmeymeI am not bellowing | senökürmeyseyou are not bellowing | olökürmeydihe is not bellowing | bizökürmeybizwe are not bellowing | sizökürmeysizyou all are not bellowing | alaökürmeydilethey are not bellowing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menökürememi? öküremime?am I bellowing? | senöküremise?are you bellowing? | olöküremidi?is he bellowing? | bizökürebizmi? öküremibiz?are we bellowing? | sizöküremisiz?are you all bellowing? | alaöküremidile?are they bellowing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menökürmeymemi? ökürmeymime?aren't I bellowing? | senökürmeymise?aren't you bellowing? | olökürmeymidi?isn't he bellowing? | bizökürmeybizmi? ökürmeymibiz?aren't we bellowing? | sizökürmeymisiz?aren't you all bellowing? | alaökürmeymidile?aren't they bellowing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menökürüwçenmeI usually bellow | senökürüwçenseyou usually bellow | olökürüwçendihe usually bellows | bizökürüwçenbizwe usually bellow | sizökürüwçensizyou all usually bellow | alaökürüwçendilethey usually bellow |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menökürmewçenmeI usually don't bellow | senökürmewçenseyou usually don't bellow | olökürmewçendihe usually doesn't bellow | bizökürmewçenbizwe usually don't bellow | sizökürmewçensizyou all usually don't bellow | alaökürmewçendilethey usually don't bellow |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menökürüwçenmemi? ökürüwçenmime?do I usually bellow? | senökürüwçenmise?do you usually bellow? | olökürüwçenmidi?does he usually bellow? | bizökürüwçenbizmi? ökürüwçenmibiz?do we usually bellow? | sizökürüwçenmisiz?do you all usually bellow? | alaökürüwçenmidile?do they usually bellow? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menökürmewçenmemi? ökürmewçenmime?do I usually not bellow? | senökürmewçenmise?do you usually not bellow? | olökürmewçenmidi?does he usually not bellow? | bizökürmewçenbizmi? ökürmewçenmibiz?do we usually not bellow? | sizökürmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not bellow? | alaökürmewçenmidile?do they usually not bellow? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olökürübdühe has bellowed and remains so | alaökürübdülethey have bellowed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olökürübmüdü?has he bellowed? | alaökürübmüdüle?have they bellowed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menökürüb turamaI keep bellowing | senökürüb turasayou keep bellowing | olökürüb turadıhe keeps bellowing | bizökürüb turabızwe keep bellowing | sizökürüb turasızyou all keep bellowing | alaökürüb turadılathey keep bellowing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menökürüb turmaymaI don't keep bellowing | senökürüb turmaysayou don't keep bellowing | olökürüb turmaydıhe doesn't keep bellowing | bizökürüb turmaybızwe don't keep bellowing | sizökürüb turmaysızyou all don't keep bellowing | alaökürüb turmaydılathey don't keep bellowing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menökürüb turamamı? ökürüb turamıma?do I keep bellowing? | senökürüb turamısa?do you keep bellowing? | olökürüb turamıdı?does he keep bellowing? | bizökürüb turabızmı? ökürüb turamıbız?do we keep bellowing? | sizökürüb turamısız?do you all keep bellowing? | alaökürüb turamıdıla?do they keep bellowing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menökürüb turmaymamı? ökürüb turmaymıma?don't I keep bellowing? | senökürüb turmaymısa?don't you keep bellowing? | olökürüb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep bellowing? | bizökürüb turmaybızmı? ökürüb turmaymıbız?don't we keep bellowing? | sizökürüb turmaymısız?don't you all keep bellowing? | alaökürüb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep bellowing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menöküre turamaI am in the middle of bellowing | senöküre turasayou are in the middle of bellowing | olöküre turadıhe is in the middle of bellowing | bizöküre turabızwe are in the middle of bellowing | sizöküre turasızyou all are in the middle of bellowing | alaöküre turadılathey are in the middle of bellowing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menöküre turmaymaI am not in the middle of bellowing | senöküre turmaysayou are not in the middle of bellowing | olöküre turmaydıhe is not in the middle of bellowing | bizöküre turmaybızwe are not in the middle of bellowing | sizöküre turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of bellowing | alaöküre turmaydılathey are not in the middle of bellowing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menöküre turamamı? öküre turamıma?am I in the middle of bellowing? | senöküre turamısa?are you in the middle of bellowing? | olöküre turamıdı?is he in the middle of bellowing? | bizöküre turabızmı? öküre turamıbız?are we in the middle of bellowing? | sizöküre turamısız?are you all in the middle of bellowing? | alaöküre turamıdıla?are they in the middle of bellowing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menöküre turmaymamı? öküre turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of bellowing? | senöküre turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of bellowing? | olöküre turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of bellowing? | bizöküre turmaybızmı? öküre turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of bellowing? | sizöküre turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of bellowing? | alaöküre turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of bellowing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menökürdümI bellowed | senökürdüŋyou bellowed | olökürdühe bellowed | bizökürdükwe bellowed | sizökürdügüzyou all bellowed | alaökürdülethey bellowed |
| Simple past (definite) | menökürmedimI didn't bellow | senökürmediŋyou didn't bellow | olökürmedihe didn't bellow | bizökürmedikwe didn't bellow | sizökürmedigizyou all didn't bellow | alaökürmedilethey didn't bellow |
| Simple past (definite) | menökürdümmü?did I bellow? | senökürdüŋmü?did you bellow? | olökürdümü?did he bellow? | bizökürdükmü?did we bellow? | sizökürdügüzmü?did you all bellow? | alaökürdülemi?did they bellow? |
| Simple past (definite) | menökürmedimmi?didn't I bellow? | senökürmediŋmi?didn't you bellow? | olökürmedimi?didn't he bellow? | bizökürmedikmi?didn't we bellow? | sizökürmedigizmi?didn't you all bellow? | alaökürmedilemi?didn't they bellow? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menökürgenmeI have bellowed | senökürgenseyou have bellowed | olökürgendihe has bellowed | bizökürgenbizwe have bellowed | sizökürgensizyou all have bellowed | alaökürgendilethey have bellowed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menökürmegenmeI haven't bellowed | senökürmegenseyou haven't bellowed | olökürmegendihe hasn't bellowed | bizökürmegenbizwe haven't bellowed | sizökürmegensizyou all haven't bellowed | alaökürmegendilethey haven't bellowed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menökürgenmemi? ökürgenmime?have I bellowed? | senökürgenmise?have you bellowed? | olökürgenmidi?has he bellowed? | bizökürgenbizmi? ökürgenmibiz?have we bellowed? | sizökürgenmisiz?have you all bellowed? | alaökürgenmidile?have they bellowed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menökürmegenmemi? ökürmegenmime?haven't I bellowed? | senökürmegenmise?haven't you bellowed? | olökürmegenmidi?hasn't he bellowed? | bizökürmegenbizmi? ökürmegenmibiz?haven't we bellowed? | sizökürmegenmisiz?haven't you all bellowed? | alaökürmegenmidile?haven't they bellowed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menökürüb turdumI kept bellowing | senökürüb turduŋyou kept bellowing | olökürüb turduhe kept bellowing | bizökürüb turduqwe kept bellowing | sizökürüb turduğuzyou all kept bellowing | alaökürüb turdulathey kept bellowing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menökürüb turmadımI didn't keep bellowing | senökürüb turmadıŋyou didn't keep bellowing | olökürüb turmadıhe didn't keep bellowing | bizökürüb turmadıqwe didn't keep bellowing | sizökürüb turmadığızyou all didn't keep bellowing | alaökürüb turmadılathey didn't keep bellowing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menökürürmeI will bellow | senökürürseyou will bellow | olökürürhe will bellow | bizökürürbüzwe will bellow | sizökürürsüzyou all will bellow | alaökürürlethey will bellow |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menökürmezmeI won't bellow | senökürmezseyou won't bellow | olökürmezhe won't bellow | bizökürmezbizwe won't bellow | sizökürmezsizyou all won't bellow | alaökürmezlethey won't bellow |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menökürürmemi? ökürürmüme?will I bellow? | senökürürmüse?will you bellow? | olökürürmü?will he bellow? | bizökürürbüzmü? ökürürmübüz?will we bellow? | sizökürürmüsüz?will you all bellow? | alaökürürlemi? ökürürmüle?will they bellow? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menökürmezmemi? ökürmezmime?won't I bellow? | senökürmezmise?won't you bellow? | olökürmezmi?won't he bellow? | bizökürmezbizmi? ökürmezmibiz?won't we bellow? | sizökürmezmisiz?won't you all bellow? | alaökürmezlemi? ökürmezmile?won't they bellow? |
| Definite future (future II) | menökürlükme1ökürrükmeI am going to bellow | senökürlükse1ökürrükseyou are going to bellow | olökürlükdü1ökürrükdühe is going to bellow | bizökürlükbüz1ökürrükbüzwe are going to bellow | sizökürlüksüz1ökürrüksüzyou all are going to bellow | alaökürlükdüle1ökürrükdülethey are going to bellow |
| Definite future (future II) | menökürlük tülme1ökürrük tülmeI am not going to bellow | senökürlük tülse1ökürrük tülseyou are not going to bellow | olökürlük tüldü1ökürrük tüldühe is not going to bellow | bizökürlük tülbüz1ökürrük tülbüzwe are not going to bellow | sizökürlük tülsüz1ökürrük tülsüzyou all are not going to bellow | alaökürlük tüldüle1ökürrük tüldülethey are not going to bellow |
| Definite future (future II) | menökürlükmemi?1 ökürlükmüme?ökürrükmemi?am I going to bellow? | senökürlükmüse?1ökürrükmüse?are you going to bellow? | olökürlükmüdü?1ökürrükmüdü?is he going to bellow? | bizökürlükbüzmü?1 ökürlükmübüz?ökürrükbüzmü?are we going to bellow? | sizökürlükmüsüz?1ökürrükmüsüz?are you all going to bellow? | alaökürlükmüdüle?1ökürrükmüdüle?are they going to bellow? |
| Definite future (future II) | menökürlük tülmüme?1ökürrük tülmüme?aren't I going to bellow? | senökürlük tülmüse?1ökürrük tülmüse?aren't you going to bellow? | olökürlük tülmüdü?1ökürrük tülmüdü?isn't he going to bellow? | bizökürlük tülmübüz?1ökürrük tülmübüz?aren't we going to bellow? | sizökürlük tülmüsüz?1ökürrük tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to bellow? | alaökürlük tülmüdüle?1ökürrük tülmüdüle?aren't they going to bellow? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so ökürrükdü
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menökürgen edimökürgenemI had bellowed | senökürgen ediŋökürgeneŋyou had bellowed | olökürgen ediökürgenedhe had bellowed | bizökürgen edikökürgenekwe had bellowed | sizökürgen edigizökürgenegizyou all had bellowed | alaökürgen edileökürgenellethey had bellowed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menökürmegen edimökürmegenemI hadn't bellowed | senökürmegen ediŋökürmegeneŋyou hadn't bellowed | olökürmegen ediökürmegenedhe hadn't bellowed | bizökürmegen edikökürmegenekwe hadn't bellowed | sizökürmegen edigizökürmegenegizyou all hadn't bellowed | alaökürmegen edileökürmegenellethey hadn't bellowed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menöküre edimöküremI was bellowing | senöküre ediŋöküreŋyou were bellowing | olöküre ediöküredhe was bellowing | bizöküre edikökürekwe were bellowing | sizöküre edigizöküregizyou all were bellowing | alaöküre edileökürellethey were bellowing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menökürmey edimökürmeyemI wasn't bellowing | senökürmey ediŋökürmeyeŋyou weren't bellowing | olökürmey ediökürmeyedhe wasn't bellowing | bizökürmey edikökürmeyekwe weren't bellowing | sizökürmey edigizökürmeyegizyou all weren't bellowing | alaökürmey edileökürmeyellethey weren't bellowing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menökürüwçen edimökürüwçenemI used to bellow | senökürüwçen ediŋökürüwçeneŋyou used to bellow | olökürüwçen ediökürüwçenedhe used to bellow | bizökürüwçen edikökürüwçenekwe used to bellow | sizökürüwçen edigizökürüwçenegizyou all used to bellow | alaökürüwçen edileökürüwçenellethey used to bellow |
| Habitual past (used to) | menökürmewçen edimökürmewçenemI didn't use to bellow | senökürmewçen ediŋökürmewçeneŋyou didn't use to bellow | olökürmewçen ediökürmewçenedhe didn't use to bellow | bizökürmewçen edikökürmewçenekwe didn't use to bellow | sizökürmewçen edigizökürmewçenegizyou all didn't use to bellow | alaökürmewçen edileökürmewçenellethey didn't use to bellow |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olökürüb edihe had bellowed and remained so | alaökürüb edilethey had bellowed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olökürüb tül edihe hadn't bellowed | alaökürüb tül edilethey hadn't bellowed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menökürüb tura edimökürüb turaemI had kept bellowing | senökürüb tura ediŋökürüb turaeŋyou had kept bellowing | olökürüb tura ediökürüb turaedhe had kept bellowing | bizökürüb tura edikökürüb turaekwe had kept bellowing | sizökürüb tura edigizökürüb turaegizyou all had kept bellowing | alaökürüb tura edileökürüb turaellethey had kept bellowing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menökürüb turmay edimökürüb turmayemI hadn't kept bellowing | senökürüb turmay ediŋökürüb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept bellowing | olökürüb turmay ediökürüb turmayedhe hadn't kept bellowing | bizökürüb turmay edikökürüb turmayekwe hadn't kept bellowing | sizökürüb turmay edigizökürüb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept bellowing | alaökürüb turmay edileökürüb turmayellethey hadn't kept bellowing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menöküre tura edimöküre turaemI was in the middle of bellowing | senöküre tura ediŋöküre turaeŋyou were in the middle of bellowing | olöküre tura ediöküre turaedhe was in the middle of bellowing | bizöküre tura ediköküre turaekwe were in the middle of bellowing | sizöküre tura edigizöküre turaegizyou all were in the middle of bellowing | alaöküre tura edileöküre turaellethey were in the middle of bellowing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menöküre turmay edimöküre turmayemI wasn't in the middle of bellowing | senöküre turmay ediŋöküre turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of bellowing | olöküre turmay ediöküre turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of bellowing | bizöküre turmay ediköküre turmayekwe weren't in the middle of bellowing | sizöküre turmay edigizöküre turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of bellowing | alaöküre turmay edileöküre turmayellethey weren't in the middle of bellowing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menökürür edimökürür emI would bellow | senökürür ediŋökürür eŋyou would bellow | olökürür ediökürür edhe would bellow | bizökürür edikökürür ekwe would bellow | sizökürür edigizökürür egizyou all would bellow | alaökürür edileökürür ellethey would bellow |
| Conditional result (would) | menökürmez edimökürmez emI wouldn't bellow | senökürmez ediŋökürmez eŋyou wouldn't bellow | olökürmez ediökürmez edhe wouldn't bellow | bizökürmez edikökürmez ekwe wouldn't bellow | sizökürmez edigizökürmez egizyou all wouldn't bellow | alaökürmez edileökürmez ellethey wouldn't bellow |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menökürlük edim2ökürlük emökürrük edimI would have bellowed | senökürlük ediŋ2ökürlük eŋökürrük ediŋyou would have bellowed | olökürlük edi2ökürlük edökürrük edihe would have bellowed | bizökürlük edik2ökürlük ekökürrük edikwe would have bellowed | sizökürlük edigiz2ökürlük egizökürrük edigizyou all would have bellowed | alaökürlük edile2ökürlük elleökürrük edilethey would have bellowed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menökürlük tül edim2ökürlük tül emökürrük tül edimI wouldn't have bellowed | senökürlük tül ediŋ2ökürlük tül eŋökürrük tül ediŋyou wouldn't have bellowed | olökürlük tül edi2ökürlük tül edökürrük tül edihe wouldn't have bellowed | bizökürlük tül edik2ökürlük tül ekökürrük tül edikwe wouldn't have bellowed | sizökürlük tül edigiz2ökürlük tül egizökürrük tül edigizyou all wouldn't have bellowed | alaökürlük tül edile2ökürlük tül elleökürrük tül edilethey wouldn't have bellowed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so ökürrük edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menökürsemif I bellow | senökürseŋif you bellow | olökürseif he bellows | bizökürsekif we bellow | sizökürsegizif you all bellow | alaökürseleif they bellow |
| Conditional | menökürmesemif I don't bellow | senökürmeseŋif you don't bellow | olökürmeseif he doesn't bellow | bizökürmesekif we don't bellow | sizökürmesegizif you all don't bellow | alaökürmeseleif they don't bellow |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menöküre esemif I am bellowing | senöküre eseŋif you are bellowing | olöküre eseif he is bellowing | bizöküre esekif we are bellowing | sizöküre esegizif you all are bellowing | alaöküre eseleif they are bellowing |
| Conditional, present real | menökürmey esemif I am not bellowing | senökürmey eseŋif you are not bellowing | olökürmey eseif he is not bellowing | bizökürmey esekif we are not bellowing | sizökürmey esegizif you all are not bellowing | alaökürmey eseleif they are not bellowing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menökürsem ediökürsem edif only I bellowed | senökürseŋ ediökürseŋ edif only you bellowed | olökürse ediökürsedif only he bellowed | bizökürsek ediökürsek edif only we bellowed | sizökürsegiz ediökürsegiz edif only you all bellowed | alaökürsele ediökürseledif only they bellowed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menökürmesem ediökürmesem edif only I didn't bellow | senökürmeseŋ ediökürmeseŋ edif only you didn't bellow | olökürmese ediökürmesedif only he didn't bellow | bizökürmesek ediökürmesek edif only we didn't bellow | sizökürmesegiz ediökürmesegiz edif only you all didn't bellow | alaökürmesele ediökürmeseledif only they didn't bellow |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menökürüb tursamif I carry on bellowing | senökürüb tursaŋif you carry on bellowing | olökürüb tursaif he carries on bellowing | bizökürüb tursaqif we carry on bellowing | sizökürüb tursağızif you all carry on bellowing | alaökürüb tursalaif they carry on bellowing |
| Durative conditional | menökürüb turmasamif I don't carry on bellowing | senökürüb turmasaŋif you don't carry on bellowing | olökürüb turmasaif he doesn't carry on bellowing | bizökürüb turmasaqif we don't carry on bellowing | sizökürüb turmasağızif you all don't carry on bellowing | alaökürüb turmasalaif they don't carry on bellowing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menökürüb tura esemif I have kept bellowing | senökürüb tura eseŋif you have kept bellowing | olökürüb tura eseif he has kept bellowing | bizökürüb tura esekif we have kept bellowing | sizökürüb tura esegizif you all have kept bellowing | alaökürüb tura eseleif they have kept bellowing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menökürüb turmay esemif I haven't kept bellowing | senökürüb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept bellowing | olökürüb turmay eseif he hasn't kept bellowing | bizökürüb turmay esekif we haven't kept bellowing | sizökürüb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept bellowing | alaökürüb turmay eseleif they haven't kept bellowing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menöküre tursamif I keep bellowing | senöküre tursaŋif you keep bellowing | olöküre tursaif he keeps bellowing | bizöküre tursaqif we keep bellowing | sizöküre tursağızif you all keep bellowing | alaöküre tursalaif they keep bellowing |
| Progressive conditional | menökürmey tursamif I keep on not bellowing | senökürmey tursaŋif you keep on not bellowing | olökürmey tursaif he keeps on not bellowing | bizökürmey tursaqif we keep on not bellowing | sizökürmey tursağızif you all keep on not bellowing | alaökürmey tursalaif they keep on not bellowing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menöküre tura esemif I am in the middle of bellowing | senöküre tura eseŋif you are in the middle of bellowing | olöküre tura eseif he is in the middle of bellowing | bizöküre tura esekif we are in the middle of bellowing | sizöküre tura esegizif you all are in the middle of bellowing | alaöküre tura eseleif they are in the middle of bellowing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menökürmey tura esemif I keep on not bellowing | senökürmey tura eseŋif you keep on not bellowing | olökürmey tura eseif he keeps on not bellowing | bizökürmey tura esekif we keep on not bellowing | sizökürmey tura esegizif you all keep on not bellowing | alaökürmey tura eseleif they keep on not bellowing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menökürdüm esemif I bellowed | senökürdüŋ eseŋif you bellowed | olökürdü eseif he bellowed | bizökürdük esekif we bellowed | sizökürdügüz esegizif you all bellowed | alaökürdüle eseleif they bellowed |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menökürmedim esemif I didn't bellow | senökürmediŋ eseŋif you didn't bellow | olökürmedi eseif he didn't bellow | bizökürmedik esekif we didn't bellow | sizökürmedigiz esegizif you all didn't bellow | alaökürmedile eseleif they didn't bellow |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menökürgen esemif I did bellow (indeed) | senökürgen eseŋif you did bellow (indeed) | olökürgen eseif he did bellow (indeed) | bizökürgen esekif we did bellow (indeed) | sizökürgen esegizif you all did bellow (indeed) | alaökürgen eseleif they did bellow (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menökürmegen esemif I didn't bellow (indeed) | senökürmegen eseŋif you didn't bellow (indeed) | olökürmegen eseif he didn't bellow (indeed) | bizökürmegen esekif we didn't bellow (indeed) | sizökürmegen esegizif you all didn't bellow (indeed) | alaökürmegen eseleif they didn't bellow (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menökürgen bolsamif I had bellowed | senökürgen bolsaŋif you had bellowed | olökürgen bolsaif he had bellowed | bizökürgen bolsaqif we had bellowed | sizökürgen bolsağızif you all had bellowed | alaökürgen bolsalaif they had bellowed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menökürmegen bolsamif I hadn't bellowed | senökürmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't bellowed | olökürmegen bolsaif he hadn't bellowed | bizökürmegen bolsaqif we hadn't bellowed | sizökürmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't bellowed | alaökürmegen bolsalaif they hadn't bellowed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menökürgen bolsam ediökürgen bolsam edif only I had bellowed | senökürgen bolsaŋ ediökürgen bolsaŋ edif only you had bellowed | olökürgen bolsa ediökürgen bolsaedif only he had bellowed | bizökürgen bolsaq ediökürgen bolsaq edif only we had bellowed | sizökürgen bolsağız ediökürgen bolsağız edif only you all had bellowed | alaökürgen bolsala ediökürgen bolsalaedif only they had bellowed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menökürmegen bolsam ediökürmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't bellowed | senökürmegen bolsaŋ ediökürmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't bellowed | olökürmegen bolsa ediökürmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't bellowed | bizökürmegen bolsaq ediökürmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't bellowed | sizökürmegen bolsağız ediökürmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't bellowed | alaökürmegen bolsala ediökürmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't bellowed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menökürür esemif I will bellow | senökürür eseŋif you will bellow | olökürür eseif he will bellow | bizökürür esekif we will bellow | sizökürür esegizif you all will bellow | alaökürür eseleif they will bellow |
| Conditional, aorist | menökürmez esemif I won't bellow | senökürmez eseŋif you won't bellow | olökürmez eseif he won't bellow | bizökürmez esekif we won't bellow | sizökürmez esegizif you all won't bellow | alaökürmez eseleif they won't bellow |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menökürlük esem4ökürrük esemif I am going to bellow | senökürlük eseŋ4ökürrük eseŋif you are going to bellow | olökürlük ese4ökürrük eseif he is going to bellow | bizökürlük esek4ökürrük esekif we are going to bellow | sizökürlük esegiz4ökürrük esegizif you all are going to bellow | alaökürlük esele4ökürrük eseleif they are going to bellow |
| Conditional, future | menökürlük tül esem4ökürrük tül esemif I am not going to bellow | senökürlük tül eseŋ4ökürrük tül eseŋif you are not going to bellow | olökürlük tül ese4ökürrük tül eseif he is not going to bellow | bizökürlük tül esek4ökürrük tül esekif we are not going to bellow | sizökürlük tül esegiz4ökürrük tül esegizif you all are not going to bellow | alaökürlük tül esele4ökürrük tül eseleif they are not going to bellow |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menökürlük bolsam5ökürrük bolsamif I were going to bellow | senökürlük bolsaŋ5ökürrük bolsaŋif you were going to bellow | olökürlük bolsa5ökürrük bolsaif he were going to bellow | bizökürlük bolsaq5ökürrük bolsaqif we were going to bellow | sizökürlük bolsağız5ökürrük bolsağızif you all were going to bellow | alaökürlük bolsala5ökürrük bolsalaif they were going to bellow |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menökürmezlik bolsamif I were not going to bellow | senökürmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to bellow | olökürmezlik bolsaif he were not going to bellow | bizökürmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to bellow | sizökürmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to bellow | alaökürmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to bellow |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso ökürdüŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so ökürrük ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so ökürrük bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menöküre bolurmaI must be bellowing | senöküre bolursayou must be bellowing | olöküre bolurhe must be bellowing | bizöküre bolurbuzwe must be bellowing | sizöküre bolursuzyou all must be bellowing | alaöküre bolurlathey must be bellowing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menökürmey bolurmaI must not be bellowing | senökürmey bolursayou must not be bellowing | olökürmey bolurhe must not be bellowing | bizökürmey bolurbuzwe must not be bellowing | sizökürmey bolursuzyou all must not be bellowing | alaökürmey bolurlathey must not be bellowing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menöküre tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of bellowing | senöküre tura bolursayou must be in the middle of bellowing | olöküre tura bolurhe must be in the middle of bellowing | bizöküre tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of bellowing | sizöküre tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of bellowing | alaöküre tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of bellowing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menökürmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not bellowing | senökürmey tura bolursayou must keep on not bellowing | olökürmey tura bolurhe must keep on not bellowing | bizökürmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not bellowing | sizökürmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not bellowing | alaökürmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not bellowing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menökürgen bolurmaI must have bellowed | senökürgen bolursayou must have bellowed | olökürgen bolurhe must have bellowed | bizökürgen bolurbuzwe must have bellowed | sizökürgen bolursuzyou all must have bellowed | alaökürgen bolurlathey must have bellowed |
| Inference (must have) | menökürmegen bolurmaI must not have bellowed | senökürmegen bolursayou must not have bellowed | olökürmegen bolurhe must not have bellowed | bizökürmegen bolurbuzwe must not have bellowed | sizökürmegen bolursuzyou all must not have bellowed | alaökürmegen bolurlathey must not have bellowed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menökürlük bolurma6ökürrük bolurmaI must be going to bellow | senökürlük bolursa6ökürrük bolursayou must be going to bellow | olökürlük bolur6ökürrük bolurhe must be going to bellow | bizökürlük bolurbuz6ökürrük bolurbuzwe must be going to bellow | sizökürlük bolursuz6ökürrük bolursuzyou all must be going to bellow | alaökürlük bolurla6ökürrük bolurlathey must be going to bellow |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menökürmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to bellow | senökürmezlik bolursayou must not be going to bellow | olökürmezlik bolurhe must not be going to bellow | bizökürmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to bellow | sizökürmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to bellow | alaökürmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to bellow |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so ökürrük bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menöküreyimlet me bellow | senökür!bellow! | olökürsünlet him bellow | bizöküreyiklet's bellow | sizökürügüz!bellow, you all! | alaökürsünlelet them bellow |
| Commands & suggestions | menökürmeyimlet me not bellow | senökürme!don't bellow! | olökürmesinlet him not bellow | bizökürmeyiklet's not bellow | sizökürmegiz!don't bellow, you all! | alaökürmesinlelet them not bellow |
| Commands & suggestions | menöküreyimmi?shall I bellow? | olökürsünmü?should he bellow? | bizöküreyikmi?shall we bellow? | alaökürsünlemi?should they bellow? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menökürmeyimmi?shall I not bellow? | olökürmesinmi?should he not bellow? | bizökürmeyikmi?shall we not bellow? | alaökürmesinlemi?should they not bellow? | ||
| Requests | senökürçü7ökürçünplease bellow | olökürsünçüdo let him bellow | sizökürçügüzplease bellow (plural/polite) | alaökürsünleçido let them bellow | ||
| Requests | senökürmeçi7ökürmeçinplease don't bellow | olökürmesinçido let him not bellow | sizökürmeçigizplease don't bellow (plural/polite) | alaökürmesinleçido let them not bellow | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senökürgünökürgümay you bellow | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senökürmeginökürmegimay you not bellow | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menökürgey edim ökürge edimwould that I bellowed | senökürgey ediŋ ökürge ediŋwould that you bellowed | olökürgey edi ökürge ediwould that he bellowed | bizökürgey edik ökürge edikwould that we bellowed | sizökürgey edigiz ökürge edigizwould that you all bellowed | alaökürgey edile ökürge edilewould that they bellowed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menökürmegey edim ökürmege edimwould that I did not bellow | senökürmegey ediŋ ökürmege ediŋwould that you did not bellow | olökürmegey edi ökürmege ediwould that he did not bellow | bizökürmegey edik ökürmege edikwould that we did not bellow | sizökürmegey edigiz ökürmege edigizwould that you all did not bellow | alaökürmegey edile ökürmege edilewould that they did not bellow |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menökürmege qoyayımökürme qoyayımlet me allow someone to bellow | senökürmege qoy!ökürme qoy!let someone bellow! | olökürmege qoysunökürme qoysunlet him allow someone to bellow | bizökürmege qoyayıqökürme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to bellow | sizökürmege qoyuğuz!ökürme qoyuğuz!let someone bellow, you all! | alaökürmege qoysunlaökürme qoysunlalet them allow someone to bellow |
| Let someone… (commands) | menökürmege qoymayımökürme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to bellow | senökürmege qoyma!ökürme qoyma!don't let someone bellow! | olökürmege qoymasınökürme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to bellow | bizökürmege qoymayıqökürme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to bellow | sizökürmege qoymağız!ökürme qoymağız!don't let someone bellow, you all! | alaökürmege qoymasınlaökürme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to bellow |
| Let someone… (commands) | menökürmege qoyayımmı?ökürme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to bellow? | olökürmege qoysunmu?ökürme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to bellow? | bizökürmege qoyayıqmı?ökürme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to bellow? | alaökürmege qoysunlamı?ökürme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to bellow? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menökürmege qoymayımmı?ökürme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to bellow? | olökürmege qoymasınmı?ökürme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to bellow? | bizökürmege qoymayıqmı?ökürme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to bellow? | alaökürmege qoymasınlamı?ökürme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to bellow? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menökürmege qoyamaökürme qoyamaI allow someone to bellow | senökürmege qoyasaökürme qoyasayou allow someone to bellow | olökürmege qoyadıökürme qoyadıhe allows someone to bellow | bizökürmege qoyabızökürme qoyabızwe allow someone to bellow | sizökürmege qoyasızökürme qoyasızyou all allow someone to bellow | alaökürmege qoyadılaökürme qoyadılathey allow someone to bellow |
| Let someone… (present) | menökürmege qoymaymaökürme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to bellow | senökürmege qoymaysaökürme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to bellow | olökürmege qoymaydıökürme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to bellow | bizökürmege qoymaybızökürme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to bellow | sizökürmege qoymaysızökürme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to bellow | alaökürmege qoymaydılaökürme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to bellow |
| Let someone… (present) | menökürmege qoyamamı?ökürme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to bellow? | senökürmege qoyamısa?ökürme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to bellow? | olökürmege qoyamıdı?ökürme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to bellow? | bizökürmege qoyabızmı?ökürme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to bellow? | sizökürmege qoyamısız?ökürme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to bellow? | alaökürmege qoyamıdıla?ökürme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to bellow? |
| Let someone… (present) | menökürmege qoymaymamı?ökürme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to bellow? | senökürmege qoymaymısa?ökürme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to bellow? | olökürmege qoymaymıdı?ökürme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to bellow? | bizökürmege qoymaybızmı?ökürme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to bellow? | sizökürmege qoymaymısız?ökürme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to bellow? | alaökürmege qoymaymıdıla?ökürme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to bellow? |
| Let someone… (past) | menökürmege qoydumökürme qoydumI allowed someone to bellow | senökürmege qoyduŋökürme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to bellow | olökürmege qoyduökürme qoyduhe allowed someone to bellow | bizökürmege qoyduqökürme qoyduqwe allowed someone to bellow | sizökürmege qoyduğuzökürme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to bellow | alaökürmege qoydulaökürme qoydulathey allowed someone to bellow |
| Let someone… (past) | menökürmege qoymadımökürme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to bellow | senökürmege qoymadıŋökürme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to bellow | olökürmege qoymadıökürme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to bellow | bizökürmege qoymadıqökürme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to bellow | sizökürmege qoymadığızökürme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to bellow | alaökürmege qoymadılaökürme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to bellow |
| Let someone… (past) | menökürmege qoydummu?ökürme qoydummu?did I allow someone to bellow? | senökürmege qoyduŋmu?ökürme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to bellow? | olökürmege qoydumu?ökürme qoydumu?did he allow someone to bellow? | bizökürmege qoyduqmu?ökürme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to bellow? | sizökürmege qoyduğuzmu?ökürme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to bellow? | alaökürmege qoydulamı?ökürme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to bellow? |
| Let someone… (past) | menökürmege qoymadımmı?ökürme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to bellow? | senökürmege qoymadıŋmı?ökürme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to bellow? | olökürmege qoymadımı?ökürme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to bellow? | bizökürmege qoymadıqmı?ökürme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to bellow? | sizökürmege qoymadığızmı?ökürme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to bellow? | alaökürmege qoymadılamı?ökürme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to bellow? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
öküralırğa be able to bellow · öküralmazğa be unable to bellow
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menöküralamaI can bellow | senöküralasayou can bellow | olöküraladıhe can bellow | bizöküralabızwe can bellow | sizöküralasızyou all can bellow | alaöküraladılathey can bellow |
| Ability — present | menöküralmaymaI can't bellow | senöküralmaysayou can't bellow | olöküralmaydıhe can't bellow | bizöküralmaybızwe can't bellow | sizöküralmaysızyou all can't bellow | alaöküralmaydılathey can't bellow |
| Ability — present | menöküralamamı? öküralamıma?can I bellow? | senöküralamısa?can you bellow? | olöküralamıdı?can he bellow? | bizöküralabızmı? öküralamıbız?can we bellow? | sizöküralamısız?can you all bellow? | alaöküralamıdıla?can they bellow? |
| Ability — present | menöküralmaymamı? öküralmaymıma?can't I bellow? | senöküralmaymısa?can't you bellow? | olöküralmaymıdı?can't he bellow? | bizöküralmaybızmı? öküralmaymıbız?can't we bellow? | sizöküralmaymısız?can't you all bellow? | alaöküralmaymıdıla?can't they bellow? |
| Ability — if I can… | menöküralsamif I can bellow | senöküralsaŋif you can bellow | olöküralsaif he can bellow | bizöküralsaqif we can bellow | sizöküralsağızif you all can bellow | alaöküralsalaif they can bellow |
| Ability — if I can… | menöküralmasamif I can't bellow | senöküralmasaŋif you can't bellow | olöküralmasaif he can't bellow | bizöküralmasaqif we can't bellow | sizöküralmasağızif you all can't bellow | alaöküralmasalaif they can't bellow |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menöküraldımI was able to bellow | senöküraldıŋyou were able to bellow | olöküraldıhe was able to bellow | bizöküraldıqwe were able to bellow | sizöküraldığızyou all were able to bellow | alaöküraldılathey were able to bellow |
| Ability — simple past | menöküralmadımI could not bellow | senöküralmadıŋyou could not bellow | olöküralmadıhe could not bellow | bizöküralmadıqwe could not bellow | sizöküralmadığızyou all could not bellow | alaöküralmadılathey could not bellow |
| Ability — simple past | menöküraldımmı?was I able to bellow? | senöküraldıŋmı?were you able to bellow? | olöküraldımı?was he able to bellow? | bizöküraldıqmı?were we able to bellow? | sizöküraldığızmı?were you all able to bellow? | alaöküraldılamı?were they able to bellow? |
| Ability — simple past | menöküralmadımmı?couldn't I bellow? | senöküralmadıŋmı?couldn't you bellow? | olöküralmadımı?couldn't he bellow? | bizöküralmadıqmı?couldn't we bellow? | sizöküralmadığızmı?couldn't you all bellow? | alaöküralmadılamı?couldn't they bellow? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menöküralğanmaI have been able to bellow | senöküralğansayou have been able to bellow | olöküralğandıhe has been able to bellow | bizöküralğanbızwe have been able to bellow | sizöküralğansızyou all have been able to bellow | alaöküralğandılathey have been able to bellow |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menöküralmağanmaI haven't been able to bellow | senöküralmağansayou haven't been able to bellow | olöküralmağandıhe hasn't been able to bellow | bizöküralmağanbızwe haven't been able to bellow | sizöküralmağansızyou all haven't been able to bellow | alaöküralmağandılathey haven't been able to bellow |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menöküralğanmamı? öküralğanmıma?have I been able to bellow? | senöküralğanmısa?have you been able to bellow? | olöküralğanmıdı?has he been able to bellow? | bizöküralğanbızmı? öküralğanmıbız?have we been able to bellow? | sizöküralğanmısız?have you all been able to bellow? | alaöküralğanmıdıla?have they been able to bellow? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menöküralmağanmamı? öküralmağanmıma?haven't I been able to bellow? | senöküralmağanmısa?haven't you been able to bellow? | olöküralmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to bellow? | bizöküralmağanbızmı? öküralmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to bellow? | sizöküralmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to bellow? | alaöküralmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to bellow? |
| Ability — past perfect | menöküralğan edimöküralğanemI had been able to bellow | senöküralğan ediŋöküralğaneŋyou had been able to bellow | olöküralğan ediöküralğanedhe had been able to bellow | bizöküralğan ediköküralğanekwe had been able to bellow | sizöküralğan edigizöküralğanegizyou all had been able to bellow | alaöküralğan edileöküralğanellethey had been able to bellow |
| Ability — past perfect | menöküralmağan edimöküralmağanemI hadn't been able to bellow | senöküralmağan ediŋöküralmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to bellow | olöküralmağan ediöküralmağanedhe hadn't been able to bellow | bizöküralmağan ediköküralmağanekwe hadn't been able to bellow | sizöküralmağan edigizöküralmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to bellow | alaöküralmağan edileöküralmağanellethey hadn't been able to bellow |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menökürala edimöküralaemI could bellow | senökürala ediŋöküralaeŋyou could bellow | olökürala ediöküralaedhe could bellow | bizökürala ediköküralaekwe could bellow | sizökürala edigizöküralaegizyou all could bellow | alaökürala edileöküralaellethey could bellow |
| Ability — past background | menöküralmay edimöküralmayemI could not bellow | senöküralmay ediŋöküralmayeŋyou could not bellow | olöküralmay ediöküralmayedhe could not bellow | bizöküralmay ediköküralmayekwe could not bellow | sizöküralmay edigizöküralmayegizyou all could not bellow | alaöküralmay edileöküralmayellethey could not bellow |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menöküralırmaI will be able to bellow | senöküralırsayou will be able to bellow | olöküralırhe will be able to bellow | bizöküralırbızwe will be able to bellow | sizöküralırsızyou all will be able to bellow | alaöküralırlathey will be able to bellow |
| Ability — future I | menöküralmazmaI won't be able to bellow | senöküralmazsayou won't be able to bellow | olöküralmazhe won't be able to bellow | bizöküralmazbızwe won't be able to bellow | sizöküralmazsızyou all won't be able to bellow | alaöküralmazlathey won't be able to bellow |
| Ability — future I | menöküralırmamı? öküralırmıma?will I be able to bellow? | senöküralırmısa?will you be able to bellow? | olöküralırmı?will he be able to bellow? | bizöküralırbızmı? öküralırmıbız?will we be able to bellow? | sizöküralırmısız?will you all be able to bellow? | alaöküralırlamı? öküralırmıla?will they be able to bellow? |
| Ability — future I | menöküralmazmamı? öküralmazmıma?won't I be able to bellow? | senöküralmazmısa?won't you be able to bellow? | olöküralmazmı?won't he be able to bellow? | bizöküralmazbızmı? öküralmazmıbız?won't we be able to bellow? | sizöküralmazmısız?won't you all be able to bellow? | alaöküralmazlamı? öküralmazmıla?won't they be able to bellow? |
| Ability — future II | menökürallıqmaI am going to be able to bellow | senökürallıqsayou are going to be able to bellow | olökürallıqdıhe is going to be able to bellow | bizökürallıqbızwe are going to be able to bellow | sizökürallıqsızyou all are going to be able to bellow | alaökürallıqdılathey are going to be able to bellow |
| Ability — future II | menökürallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to bellow | senökürallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to bellow | olökürallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to bellow | bizökürallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to bellow | sizökürallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to bellow | alaökürallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to bellow |
| Ability — future II | menökürallıqmamı? ökürallıqmıma?am I going to be able to bellow? | senökürallıqmısa?are you going to be able to bellow? | olökürallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to bellow? | bizökürallıqbızmı? ökürallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to bellow? | sizökürallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to bellow? | alaökürallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to bellow? |
| Ability — future II | menökürallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to bellow? | senökürallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to bellow? | olökürallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to bellow? | bizökürallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to bellow? | sizökürallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to bellow? | alaökürallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to bellow? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menöküralır edimöküralır emI would be able to bellow | senöküralır ediŋöküralır eŋyou would be able to bellow | olöküralır ediöküralır edhe would be able to bellow | bizöküralır ediköküralır ekwe would be able to bellow | sizöküralır edigizöküralır egizyou all would be able to bellow | alaöküralır edileöküralır ellethey would be able to bellow |
| Ability — would be able to… | menöküralmaz edimöküralmaz emI wouldn't be able to bellow | senöküralmaz ediŋöküralmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to bellow | olöküralmaz ediöküralmaz edhe wouldn't be able to bellow | bizöküralmaz ediköküralmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to bellow | sizöküralmaz edigizöküralmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to bellow | alaöküralmaz edileöküralmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to bellow |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senöküralğınöküralğımay you be able to bellow | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senöküralmağınöküralmağımay you not be able to bellow | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menökürürge izleymeI want to bellow | senökürürge izleyseyou want to bellow | olökürürge izleydihe wants to bellow | bizökürürge izleybizwe want to bellow | sizökürürge izleysizyou all want to bellow | alaökürürge izleydilethey want to bellow |
| want to | menökürürge izlemeymeI do not want to bellow | senökürürge izlemeyseyou do not want to bellow | olökürürge izlemeydihe does not want to bellow | bizökürürge izlemeybizwe do not want to bellow | sizökürürge izlemeysizyou all do not want to bellow | alaökürürge izlemeydilethey do not want to bellow |
| would like to | menökürürge süemeI would like to bellow | senökürürge süeseyou would like to bellow | olökürürge süedihe would like to bellow | bizökürürge süebizwe would like to bellow | sizökürürge süesizyou all would like to bellow | alaökürürge süedilethey would like to bellow |
| would like to | menökürürge süymeymeI would not like to bellow | senökürürge süymeyseyou would not like to bellow | olökürürge süymeydihe would not like to bellow | bizökürürge süymeybizwe would not like to bellow | sizökürürge süymeysizyou all would not like to bellow | alaökürürge süymeydilethey would not like to bellow |
| hope to | menökürürge umutlanamaI hope to bellow | senökürürge umutlanasayou hope to bellow | olökürürge umutlanadıhe hopes to bellow | bizökürürge umutlanabızwe hope to bellow | sizökürürge umutlanasızyou all hope to bellow | alaökürürge umutlanadılathey hope to bellow |
| hope to | menökürürge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to bellow | senökürürge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to bellow | olökürürge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to bellow | bizökürürge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to bellow | sizökürürge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to bellow | alaökürürge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to bellow |
| be about to | menökürürge deb turamaI am about to bellow | senökürürge deb turasayou are about to bellow | olökürürge deb turadıhe is about to bellow | bizökürürge deb turabızwe are about to bellow | sizökürürge deb turasızyou all are about to bellow | alaökürürge deb turadılathey are about to bellow |
| be about to | menökürürge deb turmaymaI am not about to bellow | senökürürge deb turmaysayou are not about to bellow | olökürürge deb turmaydıhe is not about to bellow | bizökürürge deb turmaybızwe are not about to bellow | sizökürürge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to bellow | alaökürürge deb turmaydılathey are not about to bellow |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menökürürge kerekmeI need to bellow | senökürürge kerekseyou need to bellow | olökürürge kerekdihe needs to bellow | bizökürürge kerekbizwe need to bellow | sizökürürge kereksizyou all need to bellow | alaökürürge kerekdilethey need to bellow |
| need to | menökürürge kerek tülmeI do not need to bellow | senökürürge kerek tülseyou do not need to bellow | olökürürge kerek tüldühe does not need to bellow | bizökürürge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to bellow | sizökürürge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to bellow | alaökürürge kerek tüldülethey do not need to bellow |
| have to | menmenŋe ökürürge tüşediI have to bellow | sensenŋe ökürürge tüşediyou have to bellow | olaŋa ökürürge tüşedihe has to bellow | bizbizge ökürürge tüşediwe have to bellow | sizsizge ökürürge tüşediyou all have to bellow | alaalağa ökürürge tüşedithey have to bellow |
| have to | menmenŋe ökürürge tüşmeydiI do not have to bellow | sensenŋe ökürürge tüşmeydiyou do not have to bellow | olaŋa ökürürge tüşmeydihe does not have to bellow | bizbizge ökürürge tüşmeydiwe do not have to bellow | sizsizge ökürürge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to bellow | alaalağa ökürürge tüşmeydithey do not have to bellow |
| be obliged to | menökürürge borçlumaI am obliged to bellow | senökürürge borçlusayou are obliged to bellow | olökürürge borçluduhe is obliged to bellow | bizökürürge borçlubuzwe are obliged to bellow | sizökürürge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to bellow | alaökürürge borçludulathey are obliged to bellow |
| be obliged to | menökürürge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to bellow | senökürürge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to bellow | olökürürge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to bellow | bizökürürge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to bellow | sizökürürge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to bellow | alaökürürge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to bellow |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menökürürge madarım bardıI have a way to bellow | senökürürge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to bellow | olökürürge madarı bardıhe has a way to bellow | bizökürürge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to bellow | sizökürürge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to bellow | alaökürürge madarları bardıthey have a way to bellow |
| have a way to | menökürürge madarım joqduI have no way to bellow | senökürürge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to bellow | olökürürge madarı joqduhe has no way to bellow | bizökürürge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to bellow | sizökürürge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to bellow | alaökürürge madarları joqduthey have no way to bellow |
| be free to | menökürürge erkinligim bardıI am free to bellow | senökürürge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to bellow | olökürürge erkinligi bardıhe is free to bellow | bizökürürge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to bellow | sizökürürge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to bellow | alaökürürge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to bellow |
| be free to | menökürürge erkinligim joqduI am not free to bellow | senökürürge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to bellow | olökürürge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to bellow | bizökürürge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to bellow | sizökürürge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to bellow | alaökürürge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to bellow |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ökürürge bolluqduit is possible for me to bellow | sensenŋe ökürürge bolluqduit is possible for you to bellow | olaŋa ökürürge bolluqduit is possible for him to bellow | bizbizge ökürürge bolluqduit is possible for us to bellow | sizsizge ökürürge bolluqduit is possible for you all to bellow | alaalağa ökürürge bolluqduit is possible for them to bellow |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ökürürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to bellow | sensenŋe ökürürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to bellow | olaŋa ökürürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to bellow | bizbizge ökürürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to bellow | sizsizge ökürürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to bellow | alaalağa ökürürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to bellow |
| be ready to | menökürürge hazırmaI am ready to bellow | senökürürge hazırsayou are ready to bellow | olökürürge hazırdıhe is ready to bellow | bizökürürge hazırbızwe are ready to bellow | sizökürürge hazırsızyou all are ready to bellow | alaökürürge hazırdılathey are ready to bellow |
| be ready to | menökürürge hazır tülmeI am not ready to bellow | senökürürge hazır tülseyou are not ready to bellow | olökürürge hazır tüldühe is not ready to bellow | bizökürürge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to bellow | sizökürürge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to bellow | alaökürürge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to bellow |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menökürürge küreşemeI am trying to bellow | senökürürge küreşeseyou are trying to bellow | olökürürge küreşedihe is trying to bellow | bizökürürge küreşebizwe are trying to bellow | sizökürürge küreşesizyou all are trying to bellow | alaökürürge küreşedilethey are trying to bellow |
| try to | menökürürge küreşmeymeI am not trying to bellow | senökürürge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to bellow | olökürürge küreşmeydihe is not trying to bellow | bizökürürge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to bellow | sizökürürge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to bellow | alaökürürge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to bellow |
| agree to | menökürürge unaymaI agree to bellow | senökürürge unaysayou agree to bellow | olökürürge unaydıhe agrees to bellow | bizökürürge unaybızwe agree to bellow | sizökürürge unaysızyou all agree to bellow | alaökürürge unaydılathey agree to bellow |
| agree to | menökürürge unamaymaI refuse to bellow | senökürürge unamaysayou refuse to bellow | olökürürge unamaydıhe refuses to bellow | bizökürürge unamaybızwe refuse to bellow | sizökürürge unamaysızyou all refuse to bellow | alaökürürge unamaydılathey refuse to bellow |
| hurry to | menökürürge aşığamaI am in a hurry to bellow | senökürürge aşığasayou are in a hurry to bellow | olökürürge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to bellow | bizökürürge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to bellow | sizökürürge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to bellow | alaökürürge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to bellow |
| hurry to | menökürürge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to bellow | senökürürge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to bellow | olökürürge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to bellow | bizökürürge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to bellow | sizökürürge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to bellow | alaökürürge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to bellow |
| be afraid to | menökürürge qorqamaI am afraid to bellow | senökürürge qorqasayou are afraid to bellow | olökürürge qorqadıhe is afraid to bellow | bizökürürge qorqabızwe are afraid to bellow | sizökürürge qorqasızyou all are afraid to bellow | alaökürürge qorqadılathey are afraid to bellow |
| be afraid to | menökürürge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to bellow | senökürürge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to bellow | olökürürge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to bellow | bizökürürge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to bellow | sizökürürge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to bellow | alaökürürge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to bellow |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menöküre bolmazmaI can't be bellowing | senöküre bolmazsayou can't be bellowing | olöküre bolmazhe can't be bellowing | bizöküre bolmazbızwe can't be bellowing | sizöküre bolmazsızyou all can't be bellowing | alaöküre bolmazlathey can't be bellowing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menökürmey bolmazmaI must be bellowing (emphatic) | senökürmey bolmazsayou must be bellowing (emphatic) | olökürmey bolmazhe must be bellowing (emphatic) | bizökürmey bolmazbızwe must be bellowing (emphatic) | sizökürmey bolmazsızyou all must be bellowing (emphatic) | alaökürmey bolmazlathey must be bellowing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menöküre turmasamif I don't keep bellowing | senöküre turmasaŋif you don't keep bellowing | olöküre turmasaif he doesn't keep bellowing | bizöküre turmasaqif we don't keep bellowing | sizöküre turmasağızif you all don't keep bellowing | alaöküre turmasalaif they don't keep bellowing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menöküre tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of bellowing | senöküre tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of bellowing | olöküre tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of bellowing | bizöküre tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of bellowing | sizöküre tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of bellowing | alaöküre tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of bellowing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menökürmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not bellowing (emphatic) | senökürmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not bellowing (emphatic) | olökürmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not bellowing (emphatic) | bizökürmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not bellowing (emphatic) | sizökürmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not bellowing (emphatic) | alaökürmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not bellowing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menökürmey turamaI keep on not bellowing | senökürmey turasayou keep on not bellowing | olökürmey turadıhe keeps on not bellowing | bizökürmey turabızwe keep on not bellowing | sizökürmey turasızyou all keep on not bellowing | alaökürmey turadılathey keep on not bellowing |
| Progressive — double negation | menökürmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not bellowing | senökürmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not bellowing | olökürmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not bellowing | bizökürmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not bellowing | sizökürmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not bellowing | alaökürmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not bellowing |
| Progressive — double negation | menökürmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not bellowing? | senökürmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not bellowing? | olökürmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not bellowing? | bizökürmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not bellowing? | sizökürmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not bellowing? | alaökürmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not bellowing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menökürgen bolmazmaI can't have bellowed | senökürgen bolmazsayou can't have bellowed | olökürgen bolmazhe can't have bellowed | bizökürgen bolmazbızwe can't have bellowed | sizökürgen bolmazsızyou all can't have bellowed | alaökürgen bolmazlathey can't have bellowed |
| Inference — double negation | menökürmegen bolmazmaI must have bellowed (emphatic) | senökürmegen bolmazsayou must have bellowed (emphatic) | olökürmegen bolmazhe must have bellowed (emphatic) | bizökürmegen bolmazbızwe must have bellowed (emphatic) | sizökürmegen bolmazsızyou all must have bellowed (emphatic) | alaökürmegen bolmazlathey must have bellowed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menökürgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had bellowed | senökürgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had bellowed | olökürgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had bellowed | bizökürgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had bellowed | sizökürgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had bellowed | alaökürgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had bellowed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menökürmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't bellowed | senökürmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't bellowed | olökürmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't bellowed | bizökürmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't bellowed | sizökürmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't bellowed | alaökürmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't bellowed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menökürlük bolmazmaI can't be going to bellow | senökürlük bolmazsayou can't be going to bellow | olökürlük bolmazhe can't be going to bellow | bizökürlük bolmazbızwe can't be going to bellow | sizökürlük bolmazsızyou all can't be going to bellow | alaökürlük bolmazlathey can't be going to bellow |
| Inference, future — double negation | menökürmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to bellow (emphatic) | senökürmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to bellow (emphatic) | olökürmezlik bolmazhe must be going to bellow (emphatic) | bizökürmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to bellow (emphatic) | sizökürmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to bellow (emphatic) | alaökürmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to bellow (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menökürlük bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to bellow | senökürlük bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to bellow | olökürlük bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to bellow | bizökürlük bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to bellow | sizökürlük bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to bellow | alaökürlük bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to bellow |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menökürmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to bellow | senökürmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to bellow | olökürmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to bellow | bizökürmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to bellow | sizökürmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to bellow | alaökürmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to bellow |