uwarğa
/uwarʁa/
1. knead, mash, massage, soften by working — Used of leather, boiled potatoes, and a cow's udder before milking.
- gardoş uwarğa — to mash potatoes
- terini uwarğa — to work leather soft
- uwub, jumuşaq eterge — to knead and make soft
- anam gardoşnu uwadı — my mother mashes the potatoes
2. rub, rub down
- közlerin uwarğa — to rub one's eyes
- qollanı uwarğa — to rub one's hands together
- ol közlerin uwadı — he rubs his eyes
- qollarımı uwama — I rub my hands
3. crumble, grind fine, shell maize from the cob, thresh
- nartüh uwarğa — to strip the maize from the cob
- tawuqlağa ötmekni uwub atarğa — to crumble bread for the hens
- ol ötmekni uwadı — he crumbles the bread
4. crumple, crush out of shape — Used of a hat, a dress, or anything that loses its shape. one source
- börknü uwarğa — to crush a hat out of shape
- ol börkün uwğandı — he has crushed his hat out of shape
- sen börknü uwğansa — you have crumpled the hat
Expressions
- çöp bolub, közüne tüşse da, uwmazğa — love boundlessly
- közüne çöp bolub tüşse da, uwmazğa — dote on someone
Conjugation
Common forms
- uwadıhe is kneading
- uwduhe kneaded
- uwğandıhe has kneaded
- uwarhe will knead
- uwarıqdıhe is going to knead
- uwa edihe was kneading
- uwsaif he kneads
- uw!knead!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menuwamaI am kneading | senuwasayou are kneading | oluwadıhe is kneading | bizuwabızwe are kneading | sizuwasızyou all are kneading | alauwadılathey are kneading |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menuwmaymaI am not kneading | senuwmaysayou are not kneading | oluwmaydıhe is not kneading | bizuwmaybızwe are not kneading | sizuwmaysızyou all are not kneading | alauwmaydılathey are not kneading |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menuwamamı? uwamıma?am I kneading? | senuwamısa?are you kneading? | oluwamıdı?is he kneading? | bizuwabızmı? uwamıbız?are we kneading? | sizuwamısız?are you all kneading? | alauwamıdıla?are they kneading? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menuwmaymamı? uwmaymıma?aren't I kneading? | senuwmaymısa?aren't you kneading? | oluwmaymıdı?isn't he kneading? | bizuwmaybızmı? uwmaymıbız?aren't we kneading? | sizuwmaymısız?aren't you all kneading? | alauwmaymıdıla?aren't they kneading? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menuwwçanmaI usually knead | senuwwçansayou usually knead | oluwwçandıhe usually kneads | bizuwwçanbızwe usually knead | sizuwwçansızyou all usually knead | alauwwçandılathey usually knead |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menuwmawçanmaI usually don't knead | senuwmawçansayou usually don't knead | oluwmawçandıhe usually doesn't knead | bizuwmawçanbızwe usually don't knead | sizuwmawçansızyou all usually don't knead | alauwmawçandılathey usually don't knead |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menuwwçanmamı? uwwçanmıma?do I usually knead? | senuwwçanmısa?do you usually knead? | oluwwçanmıdı?does he usually knead? | bizuwwçanbızmı? uwwçanmıbız?do we usually knead? | sizuwwçanmısız?do you all usually knead? | alauwwçanmıdıla?do they usually knead? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menuwmawçanmamı? uwmawçanmıma?do I usually not knead? | senuwmawçanmısa?do you usually not knead? | oluwmawçanmıdı?does he usually not knead? | bizuwmawçanbızmı? uwmawçanmıbız?do we usually not knead? | sizuwmawçanmısız?do you all usually not knead? | alauwmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not knead? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oluwubduhe has kneaded and remains so | alauwubdulathey have kneaded and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oluwubmudu?has he kneaded? | alauwubmudula?have they kneaded? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menuwub turamaI keep kneading | senuwub turasayou keep kneading | oluwub turadıhe keeps kneading | bizuwub turabızwe keep kneading | sizuwub turasızyou all keep kneading | alauwub turadılathey keep kneading |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menuwub turmaymaI don't keep kneading | senuwub turmaysayou don't keep kneading | oluwub turmaydıhe doesn't keep kneading | bizuwub turmaybızwe don't keep kneading | sizuwub turmaysızyou all don't keep kneading | alauwub turmaydılathey don't keep kneading |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menuwub turamamı? uwub turamıma?do I keep kneading? | senuwub turamısa?do you keep kneading? | oluwub turamıdı?does he keep kneading? | bizuwub turabızmı? uwub turamıbız?do we keep kneading? | sizuwub turamısız?do you all keep kneading? | alauwub turamıdıla?do they keep kneading? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menuwub turmaymamı? uwub turmaymıma?don't I keep kneading? | senuwub turmaymısa?don't you keep kneading? | oluwub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep kneading? | bizuwub turmaybızmı? uwub turmaymıbız?don't we keep kneading? | sizuwub turmaymısız?don't you all keep kneading? | alauwub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep kneading? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menuwa turamaI am in the middle of kneading | senuwa turasayou are in the middle of kneading | oluwa turadıhe is in the middle of kneading | bizuwa turabızwe are in the middle of kneading | sizuwa turasızyou all are in the middle of kneading | alauwa turadılathey are in the middle of kneading |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menuwa turmaymaI am not in the middle of kneading | senuwa turmaysayou are not in the middle of kneading | oluwa turmaydıhe is not in the middle of kneading | bizuwa turmaybızwe are not in the middle of kneading | sizuwa turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of kneading | alauwa turmaydılathey are not in the middle of kneading |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menuwa turamamı? uwa turamıma?am I in the middle of kneading? | senuwa turamısa?are you in the middle of kneading? | oluwa turamıdı?is he in the middle of kneading? | bizuwa turabızmı? uwa turamıbız?are we in the middle of kneading? | sizuwa turamısız?are you all in the middle of kneading? | alauwa turamıdıla?are they in the middle of kneading? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menuwa turmaymamı? uwa turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of kneading? | senuwa turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of kneading? | oluwa turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of kneading? | bizuwa turmaybızmı? uwa turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of kneading? | sizuwa turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of kneading? | alauwa turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of kneading? |
| Simple past (definite) | menuwdumI kneaded | senuwduŋyou kneaded | oluwduhe kneaded | bizuwduqwe kneaded | sizuwduğuzyou all kneaded | alauwdulathey kneaded |
| Simple past (definite) | menuwmadımI didn't knead | senuwmadıŋyou didn't knead | oluwmadıhe didn't knead | bizuwmadıqwe didn't knead | sizuwmadığızyou all didn't knead | alauwmadılathey didn't knead |
| Simple past (definite) | menuwdummu?did I knead? | senuwduŋmu?did you knead? | oluwdumu?did he knead? | bizuwduqmu?did we knead? | sizuwduğuzmu?did you all knead? | alauwdulamı?did they knead? |
| Simple past (definite) | menuwmadımmı?didn't I knead? | senuwmadıŋmı?didn't you knead? | oluwmadımı?didn't he knead? | bizuwmadıqmı?didn't we knead? | sizuwmadığızmı?didn't you all knead? | alauwmadılamı?didn't they knead? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menuwğanmaI have kneaded | senuwğansayou have kneaded | oluwğandıhe has kneaded | bizuwğanbızwe have kneaded | sizuwğansızyou all have kneaded | alauwğandılathey have kneaded |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menuwmağanmaI haven't kneaded | senuwmağansayou haven't kneaded | oluwmağandıhe hasn't kneaded | bizuwmağanbızwe haven't kneaded | sizuwmağansızyou all haven't kneaded | alauwmağandılathey haven't kneaded |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menuwğanmamı? uwğanmıma?have I kneaded? | senuwğanmısa?have you kneaded? | oluwğanmıdı?has he kneaded? | bizuwğanbızmı? uwğanmıbız?have we kneaded? | sizuwğanmısız?have you all kneaded? | alauwğanmıdıla?have they kneaded? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menuwmağanmamı? uwmağanmıma?haven't I kneaded? | senuwmağanmısa?haven't you kneaded? | oluwmağanmıdı?hasn't he kneaded? | bizuwmağanbızmı? uwmağanmıbız?haven't we kneaded? | sizuwmağanmısız?haven't you all kneaded? | alauwmağanmıdıla?haven't they kneaded? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menuwub turdumI kept kneading | senuwub turduŋyou kept kneading | oluwub turduhe kept kneading | bizuwub turduqwe kept kneading | sizuwub turduğuzyou all kept kneading | alauwub turdulathey kept kneading |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menuwub turmadımI didn't keep kneading | senuwub turmadıŋyou didn't keep kneading | oluwub turmadıhe didn't keep kneading | bizuwub turmadıqwe didn't keep kneading | sizuwub turmadığızyou all didn't keep kneading | alauwub turmadılathey didn't keep kneading |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menuwarmaI will knead | senuwarsayou will knead | oluwarhe will knead | bizuwarbızwe will knead | sizuwarsızyou all will knead | alauwarlathey will knead |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menuwmazmaI won't knead | senuwmazsayou won't knead | oluwmazhe won't knead | bizuwmazbızwe won't knead | sizuwmazsızyou all won't knead | alauwmazlathey won't knead |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menuwarmamı? uwarmıma?will I knead? | senuwarmısa?will you knead? | oluwarmı?will he knead? | bizuwarbızmı? uwarmıbız?will we knead? | sizuwarmısız?will you all knead? | alauwarlamı? uwarmıla?will they knead? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menuwmazmamı? uwmazmıma?won't I knead? | senuwmazmısa?won't you knead? | oluwmazmı?won't he knead? | bizuwmazbızmı? uwmazmıbız?won't we knead? | sizuwmazmısız?won't you all knead? | alauwmazlamı? uwmazmıla?won't they knead? |
| Definite future (future II) | menuwarıqmaI am going to knead | senuwarıqsayou are going to knead | oluwarıqdıhe is going to knead | bizuwarıqbızwe are going to knead | sizuwarıqsızyou all are going to knead | alauwarıqdılathey are going to knead |
| Definite future (future II) | menuwarıq tülmeI am not going to knead | senuwarıq tülseyou are not going to knead | oluwarıq tüldühe is not going to knead | bizuwarıq tülbüzwe are not going to knead | sizuwarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to knead | alauwarıq tüldülethey are not going to knead |
| Definite future (future II) | menuwarıqmamı? uwarıqmıma?am I going to knead? | senuwarıqmısa?are you going to knead? | oluwarıqmıdı?is he going to knead? | bizuwarıqbızmı? uwarıqmıbız?are we going to knead? | sizuwarıqmısız?are you all going to knead? | alauwarıqmıdıla?are they going to knead? |
| Definite future (future II) | menuwarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to knead? | senuwarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to knead? | oluwarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to knead? | bizuwarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to knead? | sizuwarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to knead? | alauwarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to knead? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menuwğan edimuwğanemI had kneaded | senuwğan ediŋuwğaneŋyou had kneaded | oluwğan ediuwğanedhe had kneaded | bizuwğan edikuwğanekwe had kneaded | sizuwğan edigizuwğanegizyou all had kneaded | alauwğan edileuwğanellethey had kneaded |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menuwmağan edimuwmağanemI hadn't kneaded | senuwmağan ediŋuwmağaneŋyou hadn't kneaded | oluwmağan ediuwmağanedhe hadn't kneaded | bizuwmağan edikuwmağanekwe hadn't kneaded | sizuwmağan edigizuwmağanegizyou all hadn't kneaded | alauwmağan edileuwmağanellethey hadn't kneaded |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menuwa edimuwaemI was kneading | senuwa ediŋuwaeŋyou were kneading | oluwa ediuwaedhe was kneading | bizuwa edikuwaekwe were kneading | sizuwa edigizuwaegizyou all were kneading | alauwa edileuwaellethey were kneading |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menuwmay edimuwmayemI wasn't kneading | senuwmay ediŋuwmayeŋyou weren't kneading | oluwmay ediuwmayedhe wasn't kneading | bizuwmay edikuwmayekwe weren't kneading | sizuwmay edigizuwmayegizyou all weren't kneading | alauwmay edileuwmayellethey weren't kneading |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menuwwçan edimuwwçanemI used to knead | senuwwçan ediŋuwwçaneŋyou used to knead | oluwwçan ediuwwçanedhe used to knead | bizuwwçan edikuwwçanekwe used to knead | sizuwwçan edigizuwwçanegizyou all used to knead | alauwwçan edileuwwçanellethey used to knead |
| Habitual past (used to) | menuwmawçan edimuwmawçanemI didn't use to knead | senuwmawçan ediŋuwmawçaneŋyou didn't use to knead | oluwmawçan ediuwmawçanedhe didn't use to knead | bizuwmawçan edikuwmawçanekwe didn't use to knead | sizuwmawçan edigizuwmawçanegizyou all didn't use to knead | alauwmawçan edileuwmawçanellethey didn't use to knead |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oluwub edihe had kneaded and remained so | alauwub edilethey had kneaded and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oluwub tül edihe hadn't kneaded | alauwub tül edilethey hadn't kneaded | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menuwub tura edimuwub turaemI had kept kneading | senuwub tura ediŋuwub turaeŋyou had kept kneading | oluwub tura ediuwub turaedhe had kept kneading | bizuwub tura edikuwub turaekwe had kept kneading | sizuwub tura edigizuwub turaegizyou all had kept kneading | alauwub tura edileuwub turaellethey had kept kneading |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menuwub turmay edimuwub turmayemI hadn't kept kneading | senuwub turmay ediŋuwub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept kneading | oluwub turmay ediuwub turmayedhe hadn't kept kneading | bizuwub turmay edikuwub turmayekwe hadn't kept kneading | sizuwub turmay edigizuwub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept kneading | alauwub turmay edileuwub turmayellethey hadn't kept kneading |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menuwa tura edimuwa turaemI was in the middle of kneading | senuwa tura ediŋuwa turaeŋyou were in the middle of kneading | oluwa tura ediuwa turaedhe was in the middle of kneading | bizuwa tura edikuwa turaekwe were in the middle of kneading | sizuwa tura edigizuwa turaegizyou all were in the middle of kneading | alauwa tura edileuwa turaellethey were in the middle of kneading |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menuwa turmay edimuwa turmayemI wasn't in the middle of kneading | senuwa turmay ediŋuwa turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of kneading | oluwa turmay ediuwa turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of kneading | bizuwa turmay edikuwa turmayekwe weren't in the middle of kneading | sizuwa turmay edigizuwa turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of kneading | alauwa turmay edileuwa turmayellethey weren't in the middle of kneading |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menuwar edimuwar emI would knead | senuwar ediŋuwar eŋyou would knead | oluwar ediuwar edhe would knead | bizuwar edikuwar ekwe would knead | sizuwar edigizuwar egizyou all would knead | alauwar edileuwar ellethey would knead |
| Conditional result (would) | menuwmaz edimuwmaz emI wouldn't knead | senuwmaz ediŋuwmaz eŋyou wouldn't knead | oluwmaz ediuwmaz edhe wouldn't knead | bizuwmaz edikuwmaz ekwe wouldn't knead | sizuwmaz edigizuwmaz egizyou all wouldn't knead | alauwmaz edileuwmaz ellethey wouldn't knead |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menuwarıq edimuwarıq emI would have kneaded | senuwarıq ediŋuwarıq eŋyou would have kneaded | oluwarıq ediuwarıq edhe would have kneaded | bizuwarıq edikuwarıq ekwe would have kneaded | sizuwarıq edigizuwarıq egizyou all would have kneaded | alauwarıq edileuwarıq ellethey would have kneaded |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menuwarıq tül edimuwarıq tül emI wouldn't have kneaded | senuwarıq tül ediŋuwarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have kneaded | oluwarıq tül ediuwarıq tül edhe wouldn't have kneaded | bizuwarıq tül edikuwarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have kneaded | sizuwarıq tül edigizuwarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have kneaded | alauwarıq tül edileuwarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have kneaded |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menuwsamif I knead | senuwsaŋif you knead | oluwsaif he kneads | bizuwsaqif we knead | sizuwsağızif you all knead | alauwsalaif they knead |
| Conditional | menuwmasamif I don't knead | senuwmasaŋif you don't knead | oluwmasaif he doesn't knead | bizuwmasaqif we don't knead | sizuwmasağızif you all don't knead | alauwmasalaif they don't knead |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menuwa esemif I am kneading | senuwa eseŋif you are kneading | oluwa eseif he is kneading | bizuwa esekif we are kneading | sizuwa esegizif you all are kneading | alauwa eseleif they are kneading |
| Conditional, present real | menuwmay esemif I am not kneading | senuwmay eseŋif you are not kneading | oluwmay eseif he is not kneading | bizuwmay esekif we are not kneading | sizuwmay esegizif you all are not kneading | alauwmay eseleif they are not kneading |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menuwsam ediuwsam edif only I kneaded | senuwsaŋ ediuwsaŋ edif only you kneaded | oluwsa ediuwsaedif only he kneaded | bizuwsaq ediuwsaq edif only we kneaded | sizuwsağız ediuwsağız edif only you all kneaded | alauwsala ediuwsalaedif only they kneaded |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menuwmasam ediuwmasam edif only I didn't knead | senuwmasaŋ ediuwmasaŋ edif only you didn't knead | oluwmasa ediuwmasaedif only he didn't knead | bizuwmasaq ediuwmasaq edif only we didn't knead | sizuwmasağız ediuwmasağız edif only you all didn't knead | alauwmasala ediuwmasalaedif only they didn't knead |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menuwub tursamif I carry on kneading | senuwub tursaŋif you carry on kneading | oluwub tursaif he carries on kneading | bizuwub tursaqif we carry on kneading | sizuwub tursağızif you all carry on kneading | alauwub tursalaif they carry on kneading |
| Durative conditional | menuwub turmasamif I don't carry on kneading | senuwub turmasaŋif you don't carry on kneading | oluwub turmasaif he doesn't carry on kneading | bizuwub turmasaqif we don't carry on kneading | sizuwub turmasağızif you all don't carry on kneading | alauwub turmasalaif they don't carry on kneading |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menuwub tura esemif I have kept kneading | senuwub tura eseŋif you have kept kneading | oluwub tura eseif he has kept kneading | bizuwub tura esekif we have kept kneading | sizuwub tura esegizif you all have kept kneading | alauwub tura eseleif they have kept kneading |
| Durative conditional, present real | menuwub turmay esemif I haven't kept kneading | senuwub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept kneading | oluwub turmay eseif he hasn't kept kneading | bizuwub turmay esekif we haven't kept kneading | sizuwub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept kneading | alauwub turmay eseleif they haven't kept kneading |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menuwa tursamif I keep kneading | senuwa tursaŋif you keep kneading | oluwa tursaif he keeps kneading | bizuwa tursaqif we keep kneading | sizuwa tursağızif you all keep kneading | alauwa tursalaif they keep kneading |
| Progressive conditional | menuwmay tursamif I keep on not kneading | senuwmay tursaŋif you keep on not kneading | oluwmay tursaif he keeps on not kneading | bizuwmay tursaqif we keep on not kneading | sizuwmay tursağızif you all keep on not kneading | alauwmay tursalaif they keep on not kneading |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menuwa tura esemif I am in the middle of kneading | senuwa tura eseŋif you are in the middle of kneading | oluwa tura eseif he is in the middle of kneading | bizuwa tura esekif we are in the middle of kneading | sizuwa tura esegizif you all are in the middle of kneading | alauwa tura eseleif they are in the middle of kneading |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menuwmay tura esemif I keep on not kneading | senuwmay tura eseŋif you keep on not kneading | oluwmay tura eseif he keeps on not kneading | bizuwmay tura esekif we keep on not kneading | sizuwmay tura esegizif you all keep on not kneading | alauwmay tura eseleif they keep on not kneading |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menuwdum esemif I kneaded | senuwduŋ eseŋif you kneaded | oluwdu eseif he kneaded | bizuwduq esekif we kneaded | sizuwduğuz esegizif you all kneaded | alauwdula eseleif they kneaded |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menuwmadım esemif I didn't knead | senuwmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't knead | oluwmadı eseif he didn't knead | bizuwmadıq esekif we didn't knead | sizuwmadığız esegizif you all didn't knead | alauwmadıla eseleif they didn't knead |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menuwğan esemif I did knead (indeed) | senuwğan eseŋif you did knead (indeed) | oluwğan eseif he did knead (indeed) | bizuwğan esekif we did knead (indeed) | sizuwğan esegizif you all did knead (indeed) | alauwğan eseleif they did knead (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menuwmağan esemif I didn't knead (indeed) | senuwmağan eseŋif you didn't knead (indeed) | oluwmağan eseif he didn't knead (indeed) | bizuwmağan esekif we didn't knead (indeed) | sizuwmağan esegizif you all didn't knead (indeed) | alauwmağan eseleif they didn't knead (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menuwğan bolsamif I had kneaded | senuwğan bolsaŋif you had kneaded | oluwğan bolsaif he had kneaded | bizuwğan bolsaqif we had kneaded | sizuwğan bolsağızif you all had kneaded | alauwğan bolsalaif they had kneaded |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menuwmağan bolsamif I hadn't kneaded | senuwmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't kneaded | oluwmağan bolsaif he hadn't kneaded | bizuwmağan bolsaqif we hadn't kneaded | sizuwmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't kneaded | alauwmağan bolsalaif they hadn't kneaded |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menuwğan bolsam ediuwğan bolsam edif only I had kneaded | senuwğan bolsaŋ ediuwğan bolsaŋ edif only you had kneaded | oluwğan bolsa ediuwğan bolsaedif only he had kneaded | bizuwğan bolsaq ediuwğan bolsaq edif only we had kneaded | sizuwğan bolsağız ediuwğan bolsağız edif only you all had kneaded | alauwğan bolsala ediuwğan bolsalaedif only they had kneaded |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menuwmağan bolsam ediuwmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't kneaded | senuwmağan bolsaŋ ediuwmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't kneaded | oluwmağan bolsa ediuwmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't kneaded | bizuwmağan bolsaq ediuwmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't kneaded | sizuwmağan bolsağız ediuwmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't kneaded | alauwmağan bolsala ediuwmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't kneaded |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menuwar esemif I will knead | senuwar eseŋif you will knead | oluwar eseif he will knead | bizuwar esekif we will knead | sizuwar esegizif you all will knead | alauwar eseleif they will knead |
| Conditional, aorist | menuwmaz esemif I won't knead | senuwmaz eseŋif you won't knead | oluwmaz eseif he won't knead | bizuwmaz esekif we won't knead | sizuwmaz esegizif you all won't knead | alauwmaz eseleif they won't knead |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menuwarıq esemif I am going to knead | senuwarıq eseŋif you are going to knead | oluwarıq eseif he is going to knead | bizuwarıq esekif we are going to knead | sizuwarıq esegizif you all are going to knead | alauwarıq eseleif they are going to knead |
| Conditional, future | menuwarıq tül esemif I am not going to knead | senuwarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to knead | oluwarıq tül eseif he is not going to knead | bizuwarıq tül esekif we are not going to knead | sizuwarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to knead | alauwarıq tül eseleif they are not going to knead |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menuwarıq bolsamif I were going to knead | senuwarıq bolsaŋif you were going to knead | oluwarıq bolsaif he were going to knead | bizuwarıq bolsaqif we were going to knead | sizuwarıq bolsağızif you all were going to knead | alauwarıq bolsalaif they were going to knead |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menuwmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to knead | senuwmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to knead | oluwmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to knead | bizuwmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to knead | sizuwmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to knead | alauwmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to knead |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso uwduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menuwa bolurmaI must be kneading | senuwa bolursayou must be kneading | oluwa bolurhe must be kneading | bizuwa bolurbuzwe must be kneading | sizuwa bolursuzyou all must be kneading | alauwa bolurlathey must be kneading |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menuwmay bolurmaI must not be kneading | senuwmay bolursayou must not be kneading | oluwmay bolurhe must not be kneading | bizuwmay bolurbuzwe must not be kneading | sizuwmay bolursuzyou all must not be kneading | alauwmay bolurlathey must not be kneading |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menuwa tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of kneading | senuwa tura bolursayou must be in the middle of kneading | oluwa tura bolurhe must be in the middle of kneading | bizuwa tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of kneading | sizuwa tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of kneading | alauwa tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of kneading |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menuwmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not kneading | senuwmay tura bolursayou must keep on not kneading | oluwmay tura bolurhe must keep on not kneading | bizuwmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not kneading | sizuwmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not kneading | alauwmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not kneading |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menuwğan bolurmaI must have kneaded | senuwğan bolursayou must have kneaded | oluwğan bolurhe must have kneaded | bizuwğan bolurbuzwe must have kneaded | sizuwğan bolursuzyou all must have kneaded | alauwğan bolurlathey must have kneaded |
| Inference (must have) | menuwmağan bolurmaI must not have kneaded | senuwmağan bolursayou must not have kneaded | oluwmağan bolurhe must not have kneaded | bizuwmağan bolurbuzwe must not have kneaded | sizuwmağan bolursuzyou all must not have kneaded | alauwmağan bolurlathey must not have kneaded |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menuwarıq bolurmaI must be going to knead | senuwarıq bolursayou must be going to knead | oluwarıq bolurhe must be going to knead | bizuwarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to knead | sizuwarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to knead | alauwarıq bolurlathey must be going to knead |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menuwmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to knead | senuwmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to knead | oluwmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to knead | bizuwmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to knead | sizuwmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to knead | alauwmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to knead |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menuwayımlet me knead | senuw!knead! | oluwsunlet him knead | bizuwayıqlet's knead | sizuwuğuz!knead, you all! | alauwsunlalet them knead |
| Commands & suggestions | menuwmayımlet me not knead | senuwma!don't knead! | oluwmasınlet him not knead | bizuwmayıqlet's not knead | sizuwmağız!don't knead, you all! | alauwmasınlalet them not knead |
| Commands & suggestions | menuwayımmı?shall I knead? | oluwsunmu?should he knead? | bizuwayıqmı?shall we knead? | alauwsunlamı?should they knead? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menuwmayımmı?shall I not knead? | oluwmasınmı?should he not knead? | bizuwmayıqmı?shall we not knead? | alauwmasınlamı?should they not knead? | ||
| Requests | senuwçu2uwçunplease knead | oluwsunçudo let him knead | sizuwçuğuzplease knead (plural/polite) | alauwsunlaçıdo let them knead | ||
| Requests | senuwmaçı2uwmaçınplease don't knead | oluwmasınçıdo let him not knead | sizuwmaçığızplease don't knead (plural/polite) | alauwmasınlaçıdo let them not knead | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senuwğunuwğumay you knead | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senuwmağınuwmağımay you not knead | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menuwğay edim uwğa edimwould that I kneaded | senuwğay ediŋ uwğa ediŋwould that you kneaded | oluwğay edi uwğa ediwould that he kneaded | bizuwğay edik uwğa edikwould that we kneaded | sizuwğay edigiz uwğa edigizwould that you all kneaded | alauwğay edile uwğa edilewould that they kneaded |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menuwmağay edim uwmağa edimwould that I did not knead | senuwmağay ediŋ uwmağa ediŋwould that you did not knead | oluwmağay edi uwmağa ediwould that he did not knead | bizuwmağay edik uwmağa edikwould that we did not knead | sizuwmağay edigiz uwmağa edigizwould that you all did not knead | alauwmağay edile uwmağa edilewould that they did not knead |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menuwmağa qoyayımuwma qoyayımlet me allow someone to knead | senuwmağa qoy!uwma qoy!let someone knead! | oluwmağa qoysunuwma qoysunlet him allow someone to knead | bizuwmağa qoyayıquwma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to knead | sizuwmağa qoyuğuz!uwma qoyuğuz!let someone knead, you all! | alauwmağa qoysunlauwma qoysunlalet them allow someone to knead |
| Let someone… (commands) | menuwmağa qoymayımuwma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to knead | senuwmağa qoyma!uwma qoyma!don't let someone knead! | oluwmağa qoymasınuwma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to knead | bizuwmağa qoymayıquwma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to knead | sizuwmağa qoymağız!uwma qoymağız!don't let someone knead, you all! | alauwmağa qoymasınlauwma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to knead |
| Let someone… (commands) | menuwmağa qoyayımmı?uwma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to knead? | oluwmağa qoysunmu?uwma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to knead? | bizuwmağa qoyayıqmı?uwma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to knead? | alauwmağa qoysunlamı?uwma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to knead? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menuwmağa qoymayımmı?uwma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to knead? | oluwmağa qoymasınmı?uwma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to knead? | bizuwmağa qoymayıqmı?uwma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to knead? | alauwmağa qoymasınlamı?uwma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to knead? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menuwmağa qoyamauwma qoyamaI allow someone to knead | senuwmağa qoyasauwma qoyasayou allow someone to knead | oluwmağa qoyadıuwma qoyadıhe allows someone to knead | bizuwmağa qoyabızuwma qoyabızwe allow someone to knead | sizuwmağa qoyasızuwma qoyasızyou all allow someone to knead | alauwmağa qoyadılauwma qoyadılathey allow someone to knead |
| Let someone… (present) | menuwmağa qoymaymauwma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to knead | senuwmağa qoymaysauwma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to knead | oluwmağa qoymaydıuwma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to knead | bizuwmağa qoymaybızuwma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to knead | sizuwmağa qoymaysızuwma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to knead | alauwmağa qoymaydılauwma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to knead |
| Let someone… (present) | menuwmağa qoyamamı?uwma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to knead? | senuwmağa qoyamısa?uwma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to knead? | oluwmağa qoyamıdı?uwma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to knead? | bizuwmağa qoyabızmı?uwma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to knead? | sizuwmağa qoyamısız?uwma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to knead? | alauwmağa qoyamıdıla?uwma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to knead? |
| Let someone… (present) | menuwmağa qoymaymamı?uwma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to knead? | senuwmağa qoymaymısa?uwma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to knead? | oluwmağa qoymaymıdı?uwma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to knead? | bizuwmağa qoymaybızmı?uwma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to knead? | sizuwmağa qoymaymısız?uwma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to knead? | alauwmağa qoymaymıdıla?uwma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to knead? |
| Let someone… (past) | menuwmağa qoydumuwma qoydumI allowed someone to knead | senuwmağa qoyduŋuwma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to knead | oluwmağa qoyduuwma qoyduhe allowed someone to knead | bizuwmağa qoyduquwma qoyduqwe allowed someone to knead | sizuwmağa qoyduğuzuwma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to knead | alauwmağa qoydulauwma qoydulathey allowed someone to knead |
| Let someone… (past) | menuwmağa qoymadımuwma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to knead | senuwmağa qoymadıŋuwma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to knead | oluwmağa qoymadıuwma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to knead | bizuwmağa qoymadıquwma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to knead | sizuwmağa qoymadığızuwma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to knead | alauwmağa qoymadılauwma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to knead |
| Let someone… (past) | menuwmağa qoydummu?uwma qoydummu?did I allow someone to knead? | senuwmağa qoyduŋmu?uwma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to knead? | oluwmağa qoydumu?uwma qoydumu?did he allow someone to knead? | bizuwmağa qoyduqmu?uwma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to knead? | sizuwmağa qoyduğuzmu?uwma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to knead? | alauwmağa qoydulamı?uwma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to knead? |
| Let someone… (past) | menuwmağa qoymadımmı?uwma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to knead? | senuwmağa qoymadıŋmı?uwma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to knead? | oluwmağa qoymadımı?uwma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to knead? | bizuwmağa qoymadıqmı?uwma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to knead? | sizuwmağa qoymadığızmı?uwma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to knead? | alauwmağa qoymadılamı?uwma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to knead? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
uwalırğa be able to knead · uwalmazğa be unable to knead
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menuwalamaI can knead | senuwalasayou can knead | oluwaladıhe can knead | bizuwalabızwe can knead | sizuwalasızyou all can knead | alauwaladılathey can knead |
| Ability — present | menuwalmaymaI can't knead | senuwalmaysayou can't knead | oluwalmaydıhe can't knead | bizuwalmaybızwe can't knead | sizuwalmaysızyou all can't knead | alauwalmaydılathey can't knead |
| Ability — present | menuwalamamı? uwalamıma?can I knead? | senuwalamısa?can you knead? | oluwalamıdı?can he knead? | bizuwalabızmı? uwalamıbız?can we knead? | sizuwalamısız?can you all knead? | alauwalamıdıla?can they knead? |
| Ability — present | menuwalmaymamı? uwalmaymıma?can't I knead? | senuwalmaymısa?can't you knead? | oluwalmaymıdı?can't he knead? | bizuwalmaybızmı? uwalmaymıbız?can't we knead? | sizuwalmaymısız?can't you all knead? | alauwalmaymıdıla?can't they knead? |
| Ability — if I can… | menuwalsamif I can knead | senuwalsaŋif you can knead | oluwalsaif he can knead | bizuwalsaqif we can knead | sizuwalsağızif you all can knead | alauwalsalaif they can knead |
| Ability — if I can… | menuwalmasamif I can't knead | senuwalmasaŋif you can't knead | oluwalmasaif he can't knead | bizuwalmasaqif we can't knead | sizuwalmasağızif you all can't knead | alauwalmasalaif they can't knead |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menuwaldımI was able to knead | senuwaldıŋyou were able to knead | oluwaldıhe was able to knead | bizuwaldıqwe were able to knead | sizuwaldığızyou all were able to knead | alauwaldılathey were able to knead |
| Ability — simple past | menuwalmadımI could not knead | senuwalmadıŋyou could not knead | oluwalmadıhe could not knead | bizuwalmadıqwe could not knead | sizuwalmadığızyou all could not knead | alauwalmadılathey could not knead |
| Ability — simple past | menuwaldımmı?was I able to knead? | senuwaldıŋmı?were you able to knead? | oluwaldımı?was he able to knead? | bizuwaldıqmı?were we able to knead? | sizuwaldığızmı?were you all able to knead? | alauwaldılamı?were they able to knead? |
| Ability — simple past | menuwalmadımmı?couldn't I knead? | senuwalmadıŋmı?couldn't you knead? | oluwalmadımı?couldn't he knead? | bizuwalmadıqmı?couldn't we knead? | sizuwalmadığızmı?couldn't you all knead? | alauwalmadılamı?couldn't they knead? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menuwalğanmaI have been able to knead | senuwalğansayou have been able to knead | oluwalğandıhe has been able to knead | bizuwalğanbızwe have been able to knead | sizuwalğansızyou all have been able to knead | alauwalğandılathey have been able to knead |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menuwalmağanmaI haven't been able to knead | senuwalmağansayou haven't been able to knead | oluwalmağandıhe hasn't been able to knead | bizuwalmağanbızwe haven't been able to knead | sizuwalmağansızyou all haven't been able to knead | alauwalmağandılathey haven't been able to knead |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menuwalğanmamı? uwalğanmıma?have I been able to knead? | senuwalğanmısa?have you been able to knead? | oluwalğanmıdı?has he been able to knead? | bizuwalğanbızmı? uwalğanmıbız?have we been able to knead? | sizuwalğanmısız?have you all been able to knead? | alauwalğanmıdıla?have they been able to knead? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menuwalmağanmamı? uwalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to knead? | senuwalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to knead? | oluwalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to knead? | bizuwalmağanbızmı? uwalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to knead? | sizuwalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to knead? | alauwalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to knead? |
| Ability — past perfect | menuwalğan edimuwalğanemI had been able to knead | senuwalğan ediŋuwalğaneŋyou had been able to knead | oluwalğan ediuwalğanedhe had been able to knead | bizuwalğan edikuwalğanekwe had been able to knead | sizuwalğan edigizuwalğanegizyou all had been able to knead | alauwalğan edileuwalğanellethey had been able to knead |
| Ability — past perfect | menuwalmağan edimuwalmağanemI hadn't been able to knead | senuwalmağan ediŋuwalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to knead | oluwalmağan ediuwalmağanedhe hadn't been able to knead | bizuwalmağan edikuwalmağanekwe hadn't been able to knead | sizuwalmağan edigizuwalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to knead | alauwalmağan edileuwalmağanellethey hadn't been able to knead |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menuwala edimuwalaemI could knead | senuwala ediŋuwalaeŋyou could knead | oluwala ediuwalaedhe could knead | bizuwala edikuwalaekwe could knead | sizuwala edigizuwalaegizyou all could knead | alauwala edileuwalaellethey could knead |
| Ability — past background | menuwalmay edimuwalmayemI could not knead | senuwalmay ediŋuwalmayeŋyou could not knead | oluwalmay ediuwalmayedhe could not knead | bizuwalmay edikuwalmayekwe could not knead | sizuwalmay edigizuwalmayegizyou all could not knead | alauwalmay edileuwalmayellethey could not knead |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menuwalırmaI will be able to knead | senuwalırsayou will be able to knead | oluwalırhe will be able to knead | bizuwalırbızwe will be able to knead | sizuwalırsızyou all will be able to knead | alauwalırlathey will be able to knead |
| Ability — future I | menuwalmazmaI won't be able to knead | senuwalmazsayou won't be able to knead | oluwalmazhe won't be able to knead | bizuwalmazbızwe won't be able to knead | sizuwalmazsızyou all won't be able to knead | alauwalmazlathey won't be able to knead |
| Ability — future I | menuwalırmamı? uwalırmıma?will I be able to knead? | senuwalırmısa?will you be able to knead? | oluwalırmı?will he be able to knead? | bizuwalırbızmı? uwalırmıbız?will we be able to knead? | sizuwalırmısız?will you all be able to knead? | alauwalırlamı? uwalırmıla?will they be able to knead? |
| Ability — future I | menuwalmazmamı? uwalmazmıma?won't I be able to knead? | senuwalmazmısa?won't you be able to knead? | oluwalmazmı?won't he be able to knead? | bizuwalmazbızmı? uwalmazmıbız?won't we be able to knead? | sizuwalmazmısız?won't you all be able to knead? | alauwalmazlamı? uwalmazmıla?won't they be able to knead? |
| Ability — future II | menuwallıqmaI am going to be able to knead | senuwallıqsayou are going to be able to knead | oluwallıqdıhe is going to be able to knead | bizuwallıqbızwe are going to be able to knead | sizuwallıqsızyou all are going to be able to knead | alauwallıqdılathey are going to be able to knead |
| Ability — future II | menuwallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to knead | senuwallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to knead | oluwallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to knead | bizuwallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to knead | sizuwallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to knead | alauwallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to knead |
| Ability — future II | menuwallıqmamı? uwallıqmıma?am I going to be able to knead? | senuwallıqmısa?are you going to be able to knead? | oluwallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to knead? | bizuwallıqbızmı? uwallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to knead? | sizuwallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to knead? | alauwallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to knead? |
| Ability — future II | menuwallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to knead? | senuwallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to knead? | oluwallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to knead? | bizuwallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to knead? | sizuwallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to knead? | alauwallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to knead? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menuwalır edimuwalır emI would be able to knead | senuwalır ediŋuwalır eŋyou would be able to knead | oluwalır ediuwalır edhe would be able to knead | bizuwalır edikuwalır ekwe would be able to knead | sizuwalır edigizuwalır egizyou all would be able to knead | alauwalır edileuwalır ellethey would be able to knead |
| Ability — would be able to… | menuwalmaz edimuwalmaz emI wouldn't be able to knead | senuwalmaz ediŋuwalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to knead | oluwalmaz ediuwalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to knead | bizuwalmaz edikuwalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to knead | sizuwalmaz edigizuwalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to knead | alauwalmaz edileuwalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to knead |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senuwalğınuwalğımay you be able to knead | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senuwalmağınuwalmağımay you not be able to knead | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menuwarğa izleymeI want to knead | senuwarğa izleyseyou want to knead | oluwarğa izleydihe wants to knead | bizuwarğa izleybizwe want to knead | sizuwarğa izleysizyou all want to knead | alauwarğa izleydilethey want to knead |
| want to | menuwarğa izlemeymeI do not want to knead | senuwarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to knead | oluwarğa izlemeydihe does not want to knead | bizuwarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to knead | sizuwarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to knead | alauwarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to knead |
| would like to | menuwarğa süemeI would like to knead | senuwarğa süeseyou would like to knead | oluwarğa süedihe would like to knead | bizuwarğa süebizwe would like to knead | sizuwarğa süesizyou all would like to knead | alauwarğa süedilethey would like to knead |
| would like to | menuwarğa süymeymeI would not like to knead | senuwarğa süymeyseyou would not like to knead | oluwarğa süymeydihe would not like to knead | bizuwarğa süymeybizwe would not like to knead | sizuwarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to knead | alauwarğa süymeydilethey would not like to knead |
| hope to | menuwarğa umutlanamaI hope to knead | senuwarğa umutlanasayou hope to knead | oluwarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to knead | bizuwarğa umutlanabızwe hope to knead | sizuwarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to knead | alauwarğa umutlanadılathey hope to knead |
| hope to | menuwarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to knead | senuwarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to knead | oluwarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to knead | bizuwarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to knead | sizuwarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to knead | alauwarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to knead |
| be about to | menuwarğa deb turamaI am about to knead | senuwarğa deb turasayou are about to knead | oluwarğa deb turadıhe is about to knead | bizuwarğa deb turabızwe are about to knead | sizuwarğa deb turasızyou all are about to knead | alauwarğa deb turadılathey are about to knead |
| be about to | menuwarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to knead | senuwarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to knead | oluwarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to knead | bizuwarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to knead | sizuwarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to knead | alauwarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to knead |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menuwarğa kerekmeI need to knead | senuwarğa kerekseyou need to knead | oluwarğa kerekdihe needs to knead | bizuwarğa kerekbizwe need to knead | sizuwarğa kereksizyou all need to knead | alauwarğa kerekdilethey need to knead |
| need to | menuwarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to knead | senuwarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to knead | oluwarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to knead | bizuwarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to knead | sizuwarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to knead | alauwarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to knead |
| have to | menmenŋe uwarğa tüşediI have to knead | sensenŋe uwarğa tüşediyou have to knead | olaŋa uwarğa tüşedihe has to knead | bizbizge uwarğa tüşediwe have to knead | sizsizge uwarğa tüşediyou all have to knead | alaalağa uwarğa tüşedithey have to knead |
| have to | menmenŋe uwarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to knead | sensenŋe uwarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to knead | olaŋa uwarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to knead | bizbizge uwarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to knead | sizsizge uwarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to knead | alaalağa uwarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to knead |
| be obliged to | menuwarğa borçlumaI am obliged to knead | senuwarğa borçlusayou are obliged to knead | oluwarğa borçluduhe is obliged to knead | bizuwarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to knead | sizuwarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to knead | alauwarğa borçludulathey are obliged to knead |
| be obliged to | menuwarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to knead | senuwarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to knead | oluwarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to knead | bizuwarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to knead | sizuwarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to knead | alauwarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to knead |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menuwarğa madarım bardıI have a way to knead | senuwarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to knead | oluwarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to knead | bizuwarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to knead | sizuwarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to knead | alauwarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to knead |
| have a way to | menuwarğa madarım joqduI have no way to knead | senuwarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to knead | oluwarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to knead | bizuwarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to knead | sizuwarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to knead | alauwarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to knead |
| be free to | menuwarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to knead | senuwarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to knead | oluwarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to knead | bizuwarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to knead | sizuwarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to knead | alauwarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to knead |
| be free to | menuwarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to knead | senuwarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to knead | oluwarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to knead | bizuwarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to knead | sizuwarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to knead | alauwarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to knead |
| be possible to | menmenŋe uwarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to knead | sensenŋe uwarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to knead | olaŋa uwarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to knead | bizbizge uwarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to knead | sizsizge uwarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to knead | alaalağa uwarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to knead |
| be possible to | menmenŋe uwarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to knead | sensenŋe uwarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to knead | olaŋa uwarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to knead | bizbizge uwarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to knead | sizsizge uwarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to knead | alaalağa uwarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to knead |
| be ready to | menuwarğa hazırmaI am ready to knead | senuwarğa hazırsayou are ready to knead | oluwarğa hazırdıhe is ready to knead | bizuwarğa hazırbızwe are ready to knead | sizuwarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to knead | alauwarğa hazırdılathey are ready to knead |
| be ready to | menuwarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to knead | senuwarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to knead | oluwarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to knead | bizuwarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to knead | sizuwarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to knead | alauwarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to knead |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menuwarğa küreşemeI am trying to knead | senuwarğa küreşeseyou are trying to knead | oluwarğa küreşedihe is trying to knead | bizuwarğa küreşebizwe are trying to knead | sizuwarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to knead | alauwarğa küreşedilethey are trying to knead |
| try to | menuwarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to knead | senuwarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to knead | oluwarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to knead | bizuwarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to knead | sizuwarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to knead | alauwarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to knead |
| agree to | menuwarğa unaymaI agree to knead | senuwarğa unaysayou agree to knead | oluwarğa unaydıhe agrees to knead | bizuwarğa unaybızwe agree to knead | sizuwarğa unaysızyou all agree to knead | alauwarğa unaydılathey agree to knead |
| agree to | menuwarğa unamaymaI refuse to knead | senuwarğa unamaysayou refuse to knead | oluwarğa unamaydıhe refuses to knead | bizuwarğa unamaybızwe refuse to knead | sizuwarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to knead | alauwarğa unamaydılathey refuse to knead |
| hurry to | menuwarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to knead | senuwarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to knead | oluwarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to knead | bizuwarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to knead | sizuwarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to knead | alauwarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to knead |
| hurry to | menuwarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to knead | senuwarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to knead | oluwarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to knead | bizuwarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to knead | sizuwarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to knead | alauwarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to knead |
| be afraid to | menuwarğa qorqamaI am afraid to knead | senuwarğa qorqasayou are afraid to knead | oluwarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to knead | bizuwarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to knead | sizuwarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to knead | alauwarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to knead |
| be afraid to | menuwarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to knead | senuwarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to knead | oluwarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to knead | bizuwarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to knead | sizuwarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to knead | alauwarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to knead |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menuwa bolmazmaI can't be kneading | senuwa bolmazsayou can't be kneading | oluwa bolmazhe can't be kneading | bizuwa bolmazbızwe can't be kneading | sizuwa bolmazsızyou all can't be kneading | alauwa bolmazlathey can't be kneading |
| Inference, present — double negation | menuwmay bolmazmaI must be kneading (emphatic) | senuwmay bolmazsayou must be kneading (emphatic) | oluwmay bolmazhe must be kneading (emphatic) | bizuwmay bolmazbızwe must be kneading (emphatic) | sizuwmay bolmazsızyou all must be kneading (emphatic) | alauwmay bolmazlathey must be kneading (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menuwa turmasamif I don't keep kneading | senuwa turmasaŋif you don't keep kneading | oluwa turmasaif he doesn't keep kneading | bizuwa turmasaqif we don't keep kneading | sizuwa turmasağızif you all don't keep kneading | alauwa turmasalaif they don't keep kneading |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menuwa tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of kneading | senuwa tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of kneading | oluwa tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of kneading | bizuwa tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of kneading | sizuwa tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of kneading | alauwa tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of kneading |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menuwmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not kneading (emphatic) | senuwmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not kneading (emphatic) | oluwmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not kneading (emphatic) | bizuwmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not kneading (emphatic) | sizuwmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not kneading (emphatic) | alauwmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not kneading (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menuwmay turamaI keep on not kneading | senuwmay turasayou keep on not kneading | oluwmay turadıhe keeps on not kneading | bizuwmay turabızwe keep on not kneading | sizuwmay turasızyou all keep on not kneading | alauwmay turadılathey keep on not kneading |
| Progressive — double negation | menuwmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not kneading | senuwmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not kneading | oluwmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not kneading | bizuwmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not kneading | sizuwmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not kneading | alauwmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not kneading |
| Progressive — double negation | menuwmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not kneading? | senuwmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not kneading? | oluwmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not kneading? | bizuwmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not kneading? | sizuwmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not kneading? | alauwmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not kneading? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menuwğan bolmazmaI can't have kneaded | senuwğan bolmazsayou can't have kneaded | oluwğan bolmazhe can't have kneaded | bizuwğan bolmazbızwe can't have kneaded | sizuwğan bolmazsızyou all can't have kneaded | alauwğan bolmazlathey can't have kneaded |
| Inference — double negation | menuwmağan bolmazmaI must have kneaded (emphatic) | senuwmağan bolmazsayou must have kneaded (emphatic) | oluwmağan bolmazhe must have kneaded (emphatic) | bizuwmağan bolmazbızwe must have kneaded (emphatic) | sizuwmağan bolmazsızyou all must have kneaded (emphatic) | alauwmağan bolmazlathey must have kneaded (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menuwğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had kneaded | senuwğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had kneaded | oluwğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had kneaded | bizuwğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had kneaded | sizuwğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had kneaded | alauwğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had kneaded |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menuwmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't kneaded | senuwmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't kneaded | oluwmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't kneaded | bizuwmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't kneaded | sizuwmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't kneaded | alauwmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't kneaded |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menuwarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to knead | senuwarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to knead | oluwarıq bolmazhe can't be going to knead | bizuwarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to knead | sizuwarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to knead | alauwarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to knead |
| Inference, future — double negation | menuwmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to knead (emphatic) | senuwmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to knead (emphatic) | oluwmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to knead (emphatic) | bizuwmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to knead (emphatic) | sizuwmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to knead (emphatic) | alauwmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to knead (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menuwarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to knead | senuwarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to knead | oluwarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to knead | bizuwarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to knead | sizuwarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to knead | alauwarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to knead |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menuwmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to knead | senuwmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to knead | oluwmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to knead | bizuwmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to knead | sizuwmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to knead | alauwmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to knead |