töbe
/tøbe/ · plural töbele
1. hill, hillock, knoll, mound, burial mound — Common in place names. qabır töbe is a grave mound; qumursha töbe is an anthill.
- qabır töbe — grave mound
- töbeni başına çıqdıla — they climbed to the top of the hill
- töbeni başında jel qatıdı — on the hilltop the wind grew strong
- qumursha töbe qozğalğandı — the anthill has stirred
- bir töbede miŋ toru — a thousand bay horses on one hill
2. heap, pile
- taş töbe — heap of stones
- qum töbe — heap of sand
- töbe eterge — to gather into a heap
- otunnu töbele etdile — they made heaps of the firewood
- qar töbesi arbazda eridi — the heap of snow in the yard melted
- harbız töbele bazarda — heaps of watermelons in the market
Expressions
- aqıl töbe — very wise
- ot töbesi bolsun — may it burn
- töbede oynar — lambskin
- töbege alğa minŋen alğa tüşer — first born, first gone
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | töbethe hill | töbemmy hill | töbeŋyour hill | töbesihis hill | töbebizour hill | töbegizyou all's hill | töbeleritheir hills |
| Genitive | töbenithe hill's | töbemimy hill's | töbeŋiyour hill's | töbesinihis hill's | töbebizniour hill's | töbegizniyou all's hill's | töbelerinitheir hills' |
| Accusative | töbenithe hill (as the object) | töbemimy hill (as the object) | töbeŋiyour hill (as the object) | töbesinhis hill (as the object) | töbebizniour hill (as the object) | töbegizniyou all's hill (as the object) | töbelerintheir hills (as the object) |
| Dative | töbegeto the hill | töbemeto my hill | töbeŋeto your hill | töbesineto his hill | töbebizgeto our hill | töbegizgeto you all's hill | töbelerineto their hills |
| Locative | töbedein / at the hill | töbemdein / at my hill | töbeŋdein / at your hill | töbesindein / at his hill | töbebizdein / at our hill | töbegizdein / at you all's hill | töbelerindein / at their hills |
| Ablative | töbedenfrom the hill | töbemdenfrom my hill | töbeŋdenfrom your hill | töbesindenfrom his hill | töbebizdenfrom our hill | töbegizdenfrom you all's hill | töbelerindenfrom their hills |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | töbelethe hills | töbelerimmy hills | töbeleriŋyour hills | töbelerihis hills | töbeleribizour hills | töbelerigizyou all's hills | töbeleritheir hills |
| Genitive | töbelenithe hills' | töbelerimimy hills' | töbeleriŋiyour hills' | töbelerinihis hills' | töbeleribizniour hills' | töbelerigizniyou all's hills' | töbelerinitheir hills' |
| Accusative | töbelenithe hills (as the object) | töbelerimimy hills (as the object) | töbeleriŋiyour hills (as the object) | töbelerinhis hills (as the object) | töbeleribizniour hills (as the object) | töbelerigizniyou all's hills (as the object) | töbelerintheir hills (as the object) |
| Dative | töbelegeto the hills | töbelerimeto my hills | töbeleriŋeto your hills | töbelerineto his hills | töbeleribizgeto our hills | töbelerigizgeto you all's hills | töbelerineto their hills |
| Locative | töbeledein / at the hills | töbelerimdein / at my hills | töbeleriŋdein / at your hills | töbelerindein / at his hills | töbeleribizdein / at our hills | töbelerigizdein / at you all's hills | töbelerindein / at their hills |
| Ablative | töbeledenfrom the hills | töbelerimdenfrom my hills | töbeleriŋdenfrom your hills | töbelerindenfrom his hills | töbeleribizdenfrom our hills | töbelerigizdenfrom you all's hills | töbelerindenfrom their hills |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: töbeleri can mean "his / her hills", "their hill", or "their hills" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.