tigerge
/tiɡerɡe/
1. sew, stitch, embroider
- anam menŋe kölek tikdi — my mother sewed me a shirt
- kölek tigerge — to sew a shirt
- tüyme tigerge — to sew on a button
- kostüm tigerge — to sew a suit
- kostümla tigerge usta bolğandı — has become skilled at sewing suits
- çuruq tigerge — to stitch boots
- jaŋıdan tigerge — to sew anew
- bütew üydegige kiyim tigerge — to sew clothes for the whole family
- surat tigerge — to embroider a picture
- tikgen qıyın, sökgen tınç — sewing is hard, ripping is easy
2. win, beat — Said of winning a game or contest.
- ol bizni tikdi — he beat us
- oyunda tikdile — they won at the game
- kim tikdi? — who won?
Expressions
- qulaq tigerge — pay attention
Conjugation
Common forms
- tigedihe is sewing
- tikdihe sewed
- tikgendihe has sewn
- tigerhe will sew
- tigerikdihe is going to sew
- tige edihe was sewing
- tikseif he sews
- tik!sew!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentigemeI am sewing | sentigeseyou are sewing | oltigedihe is sewing | biztigebizwe are sewing | siztigesizyou all are sewing | alatigedilethey are sewing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentikmeymeI am not sewing | sentikmeyseyou are not sewing | oltikmeydihe is not sewing | biztikmeybizwe are not sewing | siztikmeysizyou all are not sewing | alatikmeydilethey are not sewing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentigememi? tigemime?am I sewing? | sentigemise?are you sewing? | oltigemidi?is he sewing? | biztigebizmi? tigemibiz?are we sewing? | siztigemisiz?are you all sewing? | alatigemidile?are they sewing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentikmeymemi? tikmeymime?aren't I sewing? | sentikmeymise?aren't you sewing? | oltikmeymidi?isn't he sewing? | biztikmeybizmi? tikmeymibiz?aren't we sewing? | siztikmeymisiz?aren't you all sewing? | alatikmeymidile?aren't they sewing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentigiwçenmeI usually sew | sentigiwçenseyou usually sew | oltigiwçendihe usually sews | biztigiwçenbizwe usually sew | siztigiwçensizyou all usually sew | alatigiwçendilethey usually sew |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentikmewçenmeI usually don't sew | sentikmewçenseyou usually don't sew | oltikmewçendihe usually doesn't sew | biztikmewçenbizwe usually don't sew | siztikmewçensizyou all usually don't sew | alatikmewçendilethey usually don't sew |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentigiwçenmemi? tigiwçenmime?do I usually sew? | sentigiwçenmise?do you usually sew? | oltigiwçenmidi?does he usually sew? | biztigiwçenbizmi? tigiwçenmibiz?do we usually sew? | siztigiwçenmisiz?do you all usually sew? | alatigiwçenmidile?do they usually sew? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentikmewçenmemi? tikmewçenmime?do I usually not sew? | sentikmewçenmise?do you usually not sew? | oltikmewçenmidi?does he usually not sew? | biztikmewçenbizmi? tikmewçenmibiz?do we usually not sew? | siztikmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not sew? | alatikmewçenmidile?do they usually not sew? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltigibdihe has sewn and remains so | alatigibdilethey have sewn and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltigibmidi?has he sewn? | alatigibmidile?have they sewn? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentigib turamaI keep sewing | sentigib turasayou keep sewing | oltigib turadıhe keeps sewing | biztigib turabızwe keep sewing | siztigib turasızyou all keep sewing | alatigib turadılathey keep sewing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentigib turmaymaI don't keep sewing | sentigib turmaysayou don't keep sewing | oltigib turmaydıhe doesn't keep sewing | biztigib turmaybızwe don't keep sewing | siztigib turmaysızyou all don't keep sewing | alatigib turmaydılathey don't keep sewing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentigib turamamı? tigib turamıma?do I keep sewing? | sentigib turamısa?do you keep sewing? | oltigib turamıdı?does he keep sewing? | biztigib turabızmı? tigib turamıbız?do we keep sewing? | siztigib turamısız?do you all keep sewing? | alatigib turamıdıla?do they keep sewing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentigib turmaymamı? tigib turmaymıma?don't I keep sewing? | sentigib turmaymısa?don't you keep sewing? | oltigib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep sewing? | biztigib turmaybızmı? tigib turmaymıbız?don't we keep sewing? | siztigib turmaymısız?don't you all keep sewing? | alatigib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep sewing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentige turamaI am in the middle of sewing | sentige turasayou are in the middle of sewing | oltige turadıhe is in the middle of sewing | biztige turabızwe are in the middle of sewing | siztige turasızyou all are in the middle of sewing | alatige turadılathey are in the middle of sewing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentige turmaymaI am not in the middle of sewing | sentige turmaysayou are not in the middle of sewing | oltige turmaydıhe is not in the middle of sewing | biztige turmaybızwe are not in the middle of sewing | siztige turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of sewing | alatige turmaydılathey are not in the middle of sewing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentige turamamı? tige turamıma?am I in the middle of sewing? | sentige turamısa?are you in the middle of sewing? | oltige turamıdı?is he in the middle of sewing? | biztige turabızmı? tige turamıbız?are we in the middle of sewing? | siztige turamısız?are you all in the middle of sewing? | alatige turamıdıla?are they in the middle of sewing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentige turmaymamı? tige turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of sewing? | sentige turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of sewing? | oltige turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of sewing? | biztige turmaybızmı? tige turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of sewing? | siztige turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of sewing? | alatige turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of sewing? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentikdimI sewed | sentikdiŋyou sewed | oltikdihe sewed | biztikdikwe sewed | siztikdigizyou all sewed | alatikdilethey sewed |
| Simple past (definite) | mentikmedimI didn't sew | sentikmediŋyou didn't sew | oltikmedihe didn't sew | biztikmedikwe didn't sew | siztikmedigizyou all didn't sew | alatikmedilethey didn't sew |
| Simple past (definite) | mentikdimmi?did I sew? | sentikdiŋmi?did you sew? | oltikdimi?did he sew? | biztikdikmi?did we sew? | siztikdigizmi?did you all sew? | alatikdilemi?did they sew? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentikmedimmi?didn't I sew? | sentikmediŋmi?didn't you sew? | oltikmedimi?didn't he sew? | biztikmedikmi?didn't we sew? | siztikmedigizmi?didn't you all sew? | alatikmedilemi?didn't they sew? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentikgenmeI have sewn | sentikgenseyou have sewn | oltikgendihe has sewn | biztikgenbizwe have sewn | siztikgensizyou all have sewn | alatikgendilethey have sewn |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentikmegenmeI haven't sewn | sentikmegenseyou haven't sewn | oltikmegendihe hasn't sewn | biztikmegenbizwe haven't sewn | siztikmegensizyou all haven't sewn | alatikmegendilethey haven't sewn |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentikgenmemi? tikgenmime?have I sewn? | sentikgenmise?have you sewn? | oltikgenmidi?has he sewn? | biztikgenbizmi? tikgenmibiz?have we sewn? | siztikgenmisiz?have you all sewn? | alatikgenmidile?have they sewn? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentikmegenmemi? tikmegenmime?haven't I sewn? | sentikmegenmise?haven't you sewn? | oltikmegenmidi?hasn't he sewn? | biztikmegenbizmi? tikmegenmibiz?haven't we sewn? | siztikmegenmisiz?haven't you all sewn? | alatikmegenmidile?haven't they sewn? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentigib turdumI kept sewing | sentigib turduŋyou kept sewing | oltigib turduhe kept sewing | biztigib turduqwe kept sewing | siztigib turduğuzyou all kept sewing | alatigib turdulathey kept sewing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentigib turmadımI didn't keep sewing | sentigib turmadıŋyou didn't keep sewing | oltigib turmadıhe didn't keep sewing | biztigib turmadıqwe didn't keep sewing | siztigib turmadığızyou all didn't keep sewing | alatigib turmadılathey didn't keep sewing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentigermeI will sew | sentigerseyou will sew | oltigerhe will sew | biztigerbizwe will sew | siztigersizyou all will sew | alatigerlethey will sew |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentikmezmeI won't sew | sentikmezseyou won't sew | oltikmezhe won't sew | biztikmezbizwe won't sew | siztikmezsizyou all won't sew | alatikmezlethey won't sew |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentigermemi? tigermime?will I sew? | sentigermise?will you sew? | oltigermi?will he sew? | biztigerbizmi? tigermibiz?will we sew? | siztigermisiz?will you all sew? | alatigerlemi? tigermile?will they sew? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentikmezmemi? tikmezmime?won't I sew? | sentikmezmise?won't you sew? | oltikmezmi?won't he sew? | biztikmezbizmi? tikmezmibiz?won't we sew? | siztikmezmisiz?won't you all sew? | alatikmezlemi? tikmezmile?won't they sew? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentigerikmeI am going to sew | sentigerikseyou are going to sew | oltigerikdihe is going to sew | biztigerikbizwe are going to sew | siztigeriksizyou all are going to sew | alatigerikdilethey are going to sew |
| Definite future (future II) | mentigerik tülmeI am not going to sew | sentigerik tülseyou are not going to sew | oltigerik tüldühe is not going to sew | biztigerik tülbüzwe are not going to sew | siztigerik tülsüzyou all are not going to sew | alatigerik tüldülethey are not going to sew |
| Definite future (future II) | mentigerikmemi? tigerikmime?am I going to sew? | sentigerikmise?are you going to sew? | oltigerikmidi?is he going to sew? | biztigerikbizmi? tigerikmibiz?are we going to sew? | siztigerikmisiz?are you all going to sew? | alatigerikmidile?are they going to sew? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentigerik tülmüme?aren't I going to sew? | sentigerik tülmüse?aren't you going to sew? | oltigerik tülmüdü?isn't he going to sew? | biztigerik tülmübüz?aren't we going to sew? | siztigerik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to sew? | alatigerik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to sew? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentikgen edimtikgenemI had sewn | sentikgen ediŋtikgeneŋyou had sewn | oltikgen editikgenedhe had sewn | biztikgen ediktikgenekwe had sewn | siztikgen edigiztikgenegizyou all had sewn | alatikgen ediletikgenellethey had sewn |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentikmegen edimtikmegenemI hadn't sewn | sentikmegen ediŋtikmegeneŋyou hadn't sewn | oltikmegen editikmegenedhe hadn't sewn | biztikmegen ediktikmegenekwe hadn't sewn | siztikmegen edigiztikmegenegizyou all hadn't sewn | alatikmegen ediletikmegenellethey hadn't sewn |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentige edimtigemI was sewing | sentige ediŋtigeŋyou were sewing | oltige editigedhe was sewing | biztige ediktigekwe were sewing | siztige edigiztigegizyou all were sewing | alatige ediletigellethey were sewing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentikmey edimtikmeyemI wasn't sewing | sentikmey ediŋtikmeyeŋyou weren't sewing | oltikmey editikmeyedhe wasn't sewing | biztikmey ediktikmeyekwe weren't sewing | siztikmey edigiztikmeyegizyou all weren't sewing | alatikmey ediletikmeyellethey weren't sewing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mentigiwçen edimtigiwçenemI used to sew | sentigiwçen ediŋtigiwçeneŋyou used to sew | oltigiwçen editigiwçenedhe used to sew | biztigiwçen ediktigiwçenekwe used to sew | siztigiwçen edigiztigiwçenegizyou all used to sew | alatigiwçen ediletigiwçenellethey used to sew |
| Habitual past (used to) | mentikmewçen edimtikmewçenemI didn't use to sew | sentikmewçen ediŋtikmewçeneŋyou didn't use to sew | oltikmewçen editikmewçenedhe didn't use to sew | biztikmewçen ediktikmewçenekwe didn't use to sew | siztikmewçen edigiztikmewçenegizyou all didn't use to sew | alatikmewçen ediletikmewçenellethey didn't use to sew |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltigib edihe had sewn and remained so | alatigib edilethey had sewn and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltigib tül edihe hadn't sewn | alatigib tül edilethey hadn't sewn | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentigib tura edimtigib turaemI had kept sewing | sentigib tura ediŋtigib turaeŋyou had kept sewing | oltigib tura editigib turaedhe had kept sewing | biztigib tura ediktigib turaekwe had kept sewing | siztigib tura edigiztigib turaegizyou all had kept sewing | alatigib tura ediletigib turaellethey had kept sewing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentigib turmay edimtigib turmayemI hadn't kept sewing | sentigib turmay ediŋtigib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept sewing | oltigib turmay editigib turmayedhe hadn't kept sewing | biztigib turmay ediktigib turmayekwe hadn't kept sewing | siztigib turmay edigiztigib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept sewing | alatigib turmay ediletigib turmayellethey hadn't kept sewing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentige tura edimtige turaemI was in the middle of sewing | sentige tura ediŋtige turaeŋyou were in the middle of sewing | oltige tura editige turaedhe was in the middle of sewing | biztige tura ediktige turaekwe were in the middle of sewing | siztige tura edigiztige turaegizyou all were in the middle of sewing | alatige tura ediletige turaellethey were in the middle of sewing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentige turmay edimtige turmayemI wasn't in the middle of sewing | sentige turmay ediŋtige turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of sewing | oltige turmay editige turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of sewing | biztige turmay ediktige turmayekwe weren't in the middle of sewing | siztige turmay edigiztige turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of sewing | alatige turmay ediletige turmayellethey weren't in the middle of sewing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentiger edimtiger emI would sew | sentiger ediŋtiger eŋyou would sew | oltiger editiger edhe would sew | biztiger ediktiger ekwe would sew | siztiger edigiztiger egizyou all would sew | alatiger ediletiger ellethey would sew |
| Conditional result (would) | mentikmez edimtikmez emI wouldn't sew | sentikmez ediŋtikmez eŋyou wouldn't sew | oltikmez editikmez edhe wouldn't sew | biztikmez ediktikmez ekwe wouldn't sew | siztikmez edigiztikmez egizyou all wouldn't sew | alatikmez ediletikmez ellethey wouldn't sew |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentigerik edimtigerik emI would have sewn | sentigerik ediŋtigerik eŋyou would have sewn | oltigerik editigerik edhe would have sewn | biztigerik ediktigerik ekwe would have sewn | siztigerik edigiztigerik egizyou all would have sewn | alatigerik ediletigerik ellethey would have sewn |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentigerik tül edimtigerik tül emI wouldn't have sewn | sentigerik tül ediŋtigerik tül eŋyou wouldn't have sewn | oltigerik tül editigerik tül edhe wouldn't have sewn | biztigerik tül ediktigerik tül ekwe wouldn't have sewn | siztigerik tül edigiztigerik tül egizyou all wouldn't have sewn | alatigerik tül ediletigerik tül ellethey wouldn't have sewn |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mentiksemif I sew | sentikseŋif you sew | oltikseif he sews | biztiksekif we sew | siztiksegizif you all sew | alatikseleif they sew |
| Conditional | mentikmesemif I don't sew | sentikmeseŋif you don't sew | oltikmeseif he doesn't sew | biztikmesekif we don't sew | siztikmesegizif you all don't sew | alatikmeseleif they don't sew |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentige esemif I am sewing | sentige eseŋif you are sewing | oltige eseif he is sewing | biztige esekif we are sewing | siztige esegizif you all are sewing | alatige eseleif they are sewing |
| Conditional, present real | mentikmey esemif I am not sewing | sentikmey eseŋif you are not sewing | oltikmey eseif he is not sewing | biztikmey esekif we are not sewing | siztikmey esegizif you all are not sewing | alatikmey eseleif they are not sewing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentiksem editiksem edif only I sewed | sentikseŋ editikseŋ edif only you sewed | oltikse editiksedif only he sewed | biztiksek editiksek edif only we sewed | siztiksegiz editiksegiz edif only you all sewed | alatiksele editikseledif only they sewed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentikmesem editikmesem edif only I didn't sew | sentikmeseŋ editikmeseŋ edif only you didn't sew | oltikmese editikmesedif only he didn't sew | biztikmesek editikmesek edif only we didn't sew | siztikmesegiz editikmesegiz edif only you all didn't sew | alatikmesele editikmeseledif only they didn't sew |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentigib tursamif I carry on sewing | sentigib tursaŋif you carry on sewing | oltigib tursaif he carries on sewing | biztigib tursaqif we carry on sewing | siztigib tursağızif you all carry on sewing | alatigib tursalaif they carry on sewing |
| Durative conditional | mentigib turmasamif I don't carry on sewing | sentigib turmasaŋif you don't carry on sewing | oltigib turmasaif he doesn't carry on sewing | biztigib turmasaqif we don't carry on sewing | siztigib turmasağızif you all don't carry on sewing | alatigib turmasalaif they don't carry on sewing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentigib tura esemif I have kept sewing | sentigib tura eseŋif you have kept sewing | oltigib tura eseif he has kept sewing | biztigib tura esekif we have kept sewing | siztigib tura esegizif you all have kept sewing | alatigib tura eseleif they have kept sewing |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentigib turmay esemif I haven't kept sewing | sentigib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept sewing | oltigib turmay eseif he hasn't kept sewing | biztigib turmay esekif we haven't kept sewing | siztigib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept sewing | alatigib turmay eseleif they haven't kept sewing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentige tursamif I keep sewing | sentige tursaŋif you keep sewing | oltige tursaif he keeps sewing | biztige tursaqif we keep sewing | siztige tursağızif you all keep sewing | alatige tursalaif they keep sewing |
| Progressive conditional | mentikmey tursamif I keep on not sewing | sentikmey tursaŋif you keep on not sewing | oltikmey tursaif he keeps on not sewing | biztikmey tursaqif we keep on not sewing | siztikmey tursağızif you all keep on not sewing | alatikmey tursalaif they keep on not sewing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentige tura esemif I am in the middle of sewing | sentige tura eseŋif you are in the middle of sewing | oltige tura eseif he is in the middle of sewing | biztige tura esekif we are in the middle of sewing | siztige tura esegizif you all are in the middle of sewing | alatige tura eseleif they are in the middle of sewing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentikmey tura esemif I keep on not sewing | sentikmey tura eseŋif you keep on not sewing | oltikmey tura eseif he keeps on not sewing | biztikmey tura esekif we keep on not sewing | siztikmey tura esegizif you all keep on not sewing | alatikmey tura eseleif they keep on not sewing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentikdim esemif I sewed | sentikdiŋ eseŋif you sewed | oltikdi eseif he sewed | biztikdik esekif we sewed | siztikdigiz esegizif you all sewed | alatikdile eseleif they sewed |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentikmedim esemif I didn't sew | sentikmediŋ eseŋif you didn't sew | oltikmedi eseif he didn't sew | biztikmedik esekif we didn't sew | siztikmedigiz esegizif you all didn't sew | alatikmedile eseleif they didn't sew |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mentikgen esemif I did sew (indeed) | sentikgen eseŋif you did sew (indeed) | oltikgen eseif he did sew (indeed) | biztikgen esekif we did sew (indeed) | siztikgen esegizif you all did sew (indeed) | alatikgen eseleif they did sew (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mentikmegen esemif I didn't sew (indeed) | sentikmegen eseŋif you didn't sew (indeed) | oltikmegen eseif he didn't sew (indeed) | biztikmegen esekif we didn't sew (indeed) | siztikmegen esegizif you all didn't sew (indeed) | alatikmegen eseleif they didn't sew (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentikgen bolsamif I had sewn | sentikgen bolsaŋif you had sewn | oltikgen bolsaif he had sewn | biztikgen bolsaqif we had sewn | siztikgen bolsağızif you all had sewn | alatikgen bolsalaif they had sewn |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentikmegen bolsamif I hadn't sewn | sentikmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't sewn | oltikmegen bolsaif he hadn't sewn | biztikmegen bolsaqif we hadn't sewn | siztikmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't sewn | alatikmegen bolsalaif they hadn't sewn |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentikgen bolsam editikgen bolsam edif only I had sewn | sentikgen bolsaŋ editikgen bolsaŋ edif only you had sewn | oltikgen bolsa editikgen bolsaedif only he had sewn | biztikgen bolsaq editikgen bolsaq edif only we had sewn | siztikgen bolsağız editikgen bolsağız edif only you all had sewn | alatikgen bolsala editikgen bolsalaedif only they had sewn |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentikmegen bolsam editikmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't sewn | sentikmegen bolsaŋ editikmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't sewn | oltikmegen bolsa editikmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't sewn | biztikmegen bolsaq editikmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't sewn | siztikmegen bolsağız editikmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't sewn | alatikmegen bolsala editikmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't sewn |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentiger esemif I will sew | sentiger eseŋif you will sew | oltiger eseif he will sew | biztiger esekif we will sew | siztiger esegizif you all will sew | alatiger eseleif they will sew |
| Conditional, aorist | mentikmez esemif I won't sew | sentikmez eseŋif you won't sew | oltikmez eseif he won't sew | biztikmez esekif we won't sew | siztikmez esegizif you all won't sew | alatikmez eseleif they won't sew |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mentigerik esemif I am going to sew | sentigerik eseŋif you are going to sew | oltigerik eseif he is going to sew | biztigerik esekif we are going to sew | siztigerik esegizif you all are going to sew | alatigerik eseleif they are going to sew |
| Conditional, future | mentigerik tül esemif I am not going to sew | sentigerik tül eseŋif you are not going to sew | oltigerik tül eseif he is not going to sew | biztigerik tül esekif we are not going to sew | siztigerik tül esegizif you all are not going to sew | alatigerik tül eseleif they are not going to sew |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentigerik bolsamif I were going to sew | sentigerik bolsaŋif you were going to sew | oltigerik bolsaif he were going to sew | biztigerik bolsaqif we were going to sew | siztigerik bolsağızif you all were going to sew | alatigerik bolsalaif they were going to sew |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentikmezlik bolsamif I were not going to sew | sentikmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to sew | oltikmezlik bolsaif he were not going to sew | biztikmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to sew | siztikmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to sew | alatikmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to sew |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso tikdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentige bolurmaI must be sewing | sentige bolursayou must be sewing | oltige bolurhe must be sewing | biztige bolurbuzwe must be sewing | siztige bolursuzyou all must be sewing | alatige bolurlathey must be sewing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentikmey bolurmaI must not be sewing | sentikmey bolursayou must not be sewing | oltikmey bolurhe must not be sewing | biztikmey bolurbuzwe must not be sewing | siztikmey bolursuzyou all must not be sewing | alatikmey bolurlathey must not be sewing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentige tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of sewing | sentige tura bolursayou must be in the middle of sewing | oltige tura bolurhe must be in the middle of sewing | biztige tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of sewing | siztige tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of sewing | alatige tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of sewing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentikmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not sewing | sentikmey tura bolursayou must keep on not sewing | oltikmey tura bolurhe must keep on not sewing | biztikmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not sewing | siztikmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not sewing | alatikmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not sewing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mentikgen bolurmaI must have sewn | sentikgen bolursayou must have sewn | oltikgen bolurhe must have sewn | biztikgen bolurbuzwe must have sewn | siztikgen bolursuzyou all must have sewn | alatikgen bolurlathey must have sewn |
| Inference (must have) | mentikmegen bolurmaI must not have sewn | sentikmegen bolursayou must not have sewn | oltikmegen bolurhe must not have sewn | biztikmegen bolurbuzwe must not have sewn | siztikmegen bolursuzyou all must not have sewn | alatikmegen bolurlathey must not have sewn |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentigerik bolurmaI must be going to sew | sentigerik bolursayou must be going to sew | oltigerik bolurhe must be going to sew | biztigerik bolurbuzwe must be going to sew | siztigerik bolursuzyou all must be going to sew | alatigerik bolurlathey must be going to sew |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentikmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to sew | sentikmezlik bolursayou must not be going to sew | oltikmezlik bolurhe must not be going to sew | biztikmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to sew | siztikmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to sew | alatikmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to sew |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentigeyimlet me sew | sentik!sew! | oltiksinlet him sew | biztigeyiklet's sew | siztigigiz!sew, you all! | alatiksinlelet them sew |
| Commands & suggestions | mentikmeyimlet me not sew | sentikme!don't sew! | oltikmesinlet him not sew | biztikmeyiklet's not sew | siztikmegiz!don't sew, you all! | alatikmesinlelet them not sew |
| Commands & suggestions | mentigeyimmi?shall I sew? | oltiksinmi?should he sew? | biztigeyikmi?shall we sew? | alatiksinlemi?should they sew? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mentikmeyimmi?shall I not sew? | oltikmesinmi?should he not sew? | biztikmeyikmi?shall we not sew? | alatikmesinlemi?should they not sew? | ||
| Requests | sentikçi2tikçinplease sew | oltiksinçido let him sew | siztikçigizplease sew (plural/polite) | alatiksinleçido let them sew | ||
| Requests | sentikmeçi2tikmeçinplease don't sew | oltikmesinçido let him not sew | siztikmeçigizplease don't sew (plural/polite) | alatikmesinleçido let them not sew | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentikgintikgimay you sew | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentikmegintikmegimay you not sew | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentikgey edim tikge edimwould that I sewed | sentikgey ediŋ tikge ediŋwould that you sewed | oltikgey edi tikge ediwould that he sewed | biztikgey edik tikge edikwould that we sewed | siztikgey edigiz tikge edigizwould that you all sewed | alatikgey edile tikge edilewould that they sewed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentikmegey edim tikmege edimwould that I did not sew | sentikmegey ediŋ tikmege ediŋwould that you did not sew | oltikmegey edi tikmege ediwould that he did not sew | biztikmegey edik tikmege edikwould that we did not sew | siztikmegey edigiz tikmege edigizwould that you all did not sew | alatikmegey edile tikmege edilewould that they did not sew |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentikmege qoyayımtikme qoyayımlet me allow someone to sew | sentikmege qoy!tikme qoy!let someone sew! | oltikmege qoysuntikme qoysunlet him allow someone to sew | biztikmege qoyayıqtikme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to sew | siztikmege qoyuğuz!tikme qoyuğuz!let someone sew, you all! | alatikmege qoysunlatikme qoysunlalet them allow someone to sew |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentikmege qoymayımtikme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to sew | sentikmege qoyma!tikme qoyma!don't let someone sew! | oltikmege qoymasıntikme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to sew | biztikmege qoymayıqtikme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to sew | siztikmege qoymağız!tikme qoymağız!don't let someone sew, you all! | alatikmege qoymasınlatikme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to sew |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentikmege qoyayımmı?tikme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to sew? | oltikmege qoysunmu?tikme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to sew? | biztikmege qoyayıqmı?tikme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to sew? | alatikmege qoysunlamı?tikme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to sew? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentikmege qoymayımmı?tikme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to sew? | oltikmege qoymasınmı?tikme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to sew? | biztikmege qoymayıqmı?tikme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to sew? | alatikmege qoymasınlamı?tikme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to sew? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mentikmege qoyamatikme qoyamaI allow someone to sew | sentikmege qoyasatikme qoyasayou allow someone to sew | oltikmege qoyadıtikme qoyadıhe allows someone to sew | biztikmege qoyabıztikme qoyabızwe allow someone to sew | siztikmege qoyasıztikme qoyasızyou all allow someone to sew | alatikmege qoyadılatikme qoyadılathey allow someone to sew |
| Let someone… (present) | mentikmege qoymaymatikme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to sew | sentikmege qoymaysatikme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to sew | oltikmege qoymaydıtikme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to sew | biztikmege qoymaybıztikme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to sew | siztikmege qoymaysıztikme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to sew | alatikmege qoymaydılatikme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to sew |
| Let someone… (present) | mentikmege qoyamamı?tikme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to sew? | sentikmege qoyamısa?tikme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to sew? | oltikmege qoyamıdı?tikme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to sew? | biztikmege qoyabızmı?tikme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to sew? | siztikmege qoyamısız?tikme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to sew? | alatikmege qoyamıdıla?tikme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to sew? |
| Let someone… (present) | mentikmege qoymaymamı?tikme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to sew? | sentikmege qoymaymısa?tikme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to sew? | oltikmege qoymaymıdı?tikme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to sew? | biztikmege qoymaybızmı?tikme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to sew? | siztikmege qoymaymısız?tikme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to sew? | alatikmege qoymaymıdıla?tikme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to sew? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentikmege qoydumtikme qoydumI allowed someone to sew | sentikmege qoyduŋtikme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to sew | oltikmege qoydutikme qoyduhe allowed someone to sew | biztikmege qoyduqtikme qoyduqwe allowed someone to sew | siztikmege qoyduğuztikme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to sew | alatikmege qoydulatikme qoydulathey allowed someone to sew |
| Let someone… (past) | mentikmege qoymadımtikme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to sew | sentikmege qoymadıŋtikme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to sew | oltikmege qoymadıtikme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to sew | biztikmege qoymadıqtikme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to sew | siztikmege qoymadığıztikme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to sew | alatikmege qoymadılatikme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to sew |
| Let someone… (past) | mentikmege qoydummu?tikme qoydummu?did I allow someone to sew? | sentikmege qoyduŋmu?tikme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to sew? | oltikmege qoydumu?tikme qoydumu?did he allow someone to sew? | biztikmege qoyduqmu?tikme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to sew? | siztikmege qoyduğuzmu?tikme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to sew? | alatikmege qoydulamı?tikme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to sew? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentikmege qoymadımmı?tikme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to sew? | sentikmege qoymadıŋmı?tikme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to sew? | oltikmege qoymadımı?tikme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to sew? | biztikmege qoymadıqmı?tikme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to sew? | siztikmege qoymadığızmı?tikme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to sew? | alatikmege qoymadılamı?tikme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to sew? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentigalamaI can sew | sentigalasayou can sew | oltigaladıhe can sew | biztigalabızwe can sew | siztigalasızyou all can sew | alatigaladılathey can sew |
| Ability — present | mentigalmaymaI can't sew | sentigalmaysayou can't sew | oltigalmaydıhe can't sew | biztigalmaybızwe can't sew | siztigalmaysızyou all can't sew | alatigalmaydılathey can't sew |
| Ability — present | mentigalamamı? tigalamıma?can I sew? | sentigalamısa?can you sew? | oltigalamıdı?can he sew? | biztigalabızmı? tigalamıbız?can we sew? | siztigalamısız?can you all sew? | alatigalamıdıla?can they sew? |
| Ability — present | mentigalmaymamı? tigalmaymıma?can't I sew? | sentigalmaymısa?can't you sew? | oltigalmaymıdı?can't he sew? | biztigalmaybızmı? tigalmaymıbız?can't we sew? | siztigalmaymısız?can't you all sew? | alatigalmaymıdıla?can't they sew? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentigalsamif I can sew | sentigalsaŋif you can sew | oltigalsaif he can sew | biztigalsaqif we can sew | siztigalsağızif you all can sew | alatigalsalaif they can sew |
| Ability — if I can… | mentigalmasamif I can't sew | sentigalmasaŋif you can't sew | oltigalmasaif he can't sew | biztigalmasaqif we can't sew | siztigalmasağızif you all can't sew | alatigalmasalaif they can't sew |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentigaldımI was able to sew | sentigaldıŋyou were able to sew | oltigaldıhe was able to sew | biztigaldıqwe were able to sew | siztigaldığızyou all were able to sew | alatigaldılathey were able to sew |
| Ability — simple past | mentigalmadımI could not sew | sentigalmadıŋyou could not sew | oltigalmadıhe could not sew | biztigalmadıqwe could not sew | siztigalmadığızyou all could not sew | alatigalmadılathey could not sew |
| Ability — simple past | mentigaldımmı?was I able to sew? | sentigaldıŋmı?were you able to sew? | oltigaldımı?was he able to sew? | biztigaldıqmı?were we able to sew? | siztigaldığızmı?were you all able to sew? | alatigaldılamı?were they able to sew? |
| Ability — simple past | mentigalmadımmı?couldn't I sew? | sentigalmadıŋmı?couldn't you sew? | oltigalmadımı?couldn't he sew? | biztigalmadıqmı?couldn't we sew? | siztigalmadığızmı?couldn't you all sew? | alatigalmadılamı?couldn't they sew? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentigalğanmaI have been able to sew | sentigalğansayou have been able to sew | oltigalğandıhe has been able to sew | biztigalğanbızwe have been able to sew | siztigalğansızyou all have been able to sew | alatigalğandılathey have been able to sew |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentigalmağanmaI haven't been able to sew | sentigalmağansayou haven't been able to sew | oltigalmağandıhe hasn't been able to sew | biztigalmağanbızwe haven't been able to sew | siztigalmağansızyou all haven't been able to sew | alatigalmağandılathey haven't been able to sew |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentigalğanmamı? tigalğanmıma?have I been able to sew? | sentigalğanmısa?have you been able to sew? | oltigalğanmıdı?has he been able to sew? | biztigalğanbızmı? tigalğanmıbız?have we been able to sew? | siztigalğanmısız?have you all been able to sew? | alatigalğanmıdıla?have they been able to sew? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentigalmağanmamı? tigalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to sew? | sentigalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to sew? | oltigalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to sew? | biztigalmağanbızmı? tigalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to sew? | siztigalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to sew? | alatigalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to sew? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentigalğan edimtigalğanemI had been able to sew | sentigalğan ediŋtigalğaneŋyou had been able to sew | oltigalğan editigalğanedhe had been able to sew | biztigalğan ediktigalğanekwe had been able to sew | siztigalğan edigiztigalğanegizyou all had been able to sew | alatigalğan ediletigalğanellethey had been able to sew |
| Ability — past perfect | mentigalmağan edimtigalmağanemI hadn't been able to sew | sentigalmağan ediŋtigalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to sew | oltigalmağan editigalmağanedhe hadn't been able to sew | biztigalmağan ediktigalmağanekwe hadn't been able to sew | siztigalmağan edigiztigalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to sew | alatigalmağan ediletigalmağanellethey hadn't been able to sew |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentigala edimtigalaemI could sew | sentigala ediŋtigalaeŋyou could sew | oltigala editigalaedhe could sew | biztigala ediktigalaekwe could sew | siztigala edigiztigalaegizyou all could sew | alatigala ediletigalaellethey could sew |
| Ability — past background | mentigalmay edimtigalmayemI could not sew | sentigalmay ediŋtigalmayeŋyou could not sew | oltigalmay editigalmayedhe could not sew | biztigalmay ediktigalmayekwe could not sew | siztigalmay edigiztigalmayegizyou all could not sew | alatigalmay ediletigalmayellethey could not sew |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentigalırmaI will be able to sew | sentigalırsayou will be able to sew | oltigalırhe will be able to sew | biztigalırbızwe will be able to sew | siztigalırsızyou all will be able to sew | alatigalırlathey will be able to sew |
| Ability — future I | mentigalmazmaI won't be able to sew | sentigalmazsayou won't be able to sew | oltigalmazhe won't be able to sew | biztigalmazbızwe won't be able to sew | siztigalmazsızyou all won't be able to sew | alatigalmazlathey won't be able to sew |
| Ability — future I | mentigalırmamı? tigalırmıma?will I be able to sew? | sentigalırmısa?will you be able to sew? | oltigalırmı?will he be able to sew? | biztigalırbızmı? tigalırmıbız?will we be able to sew? | siztigalırmısız?will you all be able to sew? | alatigalırlamı? tigalırmıla?will they be able to sew? |
| Ability — future I | mentigalmazmamı? tigalmazmıma?won't I be able to sew? | sentigalmazmısa?won't you be able to sew? | oltigalmazmı?won't he be able to sew? | biztigalmazbızmı? tigalmazmıbız?won't we be able to sew? | siztigalmazmısız?won't you all be able to sew? | alatigalmazlamı? tigalmazmıla?won't they be able to sew? |
| Ability — future II | mentigallıqmaI am going to be able to sew | sentigallıqsayou are going to be able to sew | oltigallıqdıhe is going to be able to sew | biztigallıqbızwe are going to be able to sew | siztigallıqsızyou all are going to be able to sew | alatigallıqdılathey are going to be able to sew |
| Ability — future II | mentigallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to sew | sentigallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to sew | oltigallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to sew | biztigallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to sew | siztigallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to sew | alatigallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to sew |
| Ability — future II | mentigallıqmamı? tigallıqmıma?am I going to be able to sew? | sentigallıqmısa?are you going to be able to sew? | oltigallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to sew? | biztigallıqbızmı? tigallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to sew? | siztigallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to sew? | alatigallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to sew? |
| Ability — future II | mentigallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to sew? | sentigallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to sew? | oltigallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to sew? | biztigallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to sew? | siztigallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to sew? | alatigallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to sew? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentigalır edimtigalır emI would be able to sew | sentigalır ediŋtigalır eŋyou would be able to sew | oltigalır editigalır edhe would be able to sew | biztigalır ediktigalır ekwe would be able to sew | siztigalır edigiztigalır egizyou all would be able to sew | alatigalır ediletigalır ellethey would be able to sew |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentigalmaz edimtigalmaz emI wouldn't be able to sew | sentigalmaz ediŋtigalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to sew | oltigalmaz editigalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to sew | biztigalmaz ediktigalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to sew | siztigalmaz edigiztigalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to sew | alatigalmaz ediletigalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to sew |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentigalğıntigalğımay you be able to sew | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentigalmağıntigalmağımay you not be able to sew | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mentigerge izleymeI want to sew | sentigerge izleyseyou want to sew | oltigerge izleydihe wants to sew | biztigerge izleybizwe want to sew | siztigerge izleysizyou all want to sew | alatigerge izleydilethey want to sew |
| want to | mentigerge izlemeymeI do not want to sew | sentigerge izlemeyseyou do not want to sew | oltigerge izlemeydihe does not want to sew | biztigerge izlemeybizwe do not want to sew | siztigerge izlemeysizyou all do not want to sew | alatigerge izlemeydilethey do not want to sew |
| would like to | mentigerge süemeI would like to sew | sentigerge süeseyou would like to sew | oltigerge süedihe would like to sew | biztigerge süebizwe would like to sew | siztigerge süesizyou all would like to sew | alatigerge süedilethey would like to sew |
| would like to | mentigerge süymeymeI would not like to sew | sentigerge süymeyseyou would not like to sew | oltigerge süymeydihe would not like to sew | biztigerge süymeybizwe would not like to sew | siztigerge süymeysizyou all would not like to sew | alatigerge süymeydilethey would not like to sew |
| hope to | mentigerge umutlanamaI hope to sew | sentigerge umutlanasayou hope to sew | oltigerge umutlanadıhe hopes to sew | biztigerge umutlanabızwe hope to sew | siztigerge umutlanasızyou all hope to sew | alatigerge umutlanadılathey hope to sew |
| hope to | mentigerge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to sew | sentigerge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to sew | oltigerge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to sew | biztigerge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to sew | siztigerge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to sew | alatigerge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to sew |
| be about to | mentigerge deb turamaI am about to sew | sentigerge deb turasayou are about to sew | oltigerge deb turadıhe is about to sew | biztigerge deb turabızwe are about to sew | siztigerge deb turasızyou all are about to sew | alatigerge deb turadılathey are about to sew |
| be about to | mentigerge deb turmaymaI am not about to sew | sentigerge deb turmaysayou are not about to sew | oltigerge deb turmaydıhe is not about to sew | biztigerge deb turmaybızwe are not about to sew | siztigerge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to sew | alatigerge deb turmaydılathey are not about to sew |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mentigerge kerekmeI need to sew | sentigerge kerekseyou need to sew | oltigerge kerekdihe needs to sew | biztigerge kerekbizwe need to sew | siztigerge kereksizyou all need to sew | alatigerge kerekdilethey need to sew |
| need to | mentigerge kerek tülmeI do not need to sew | sentigerge kerek tülseyou do not need to sew | oltigerge kerek tüldühe does not need to sew | biztigerge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to sew | siztigerge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to sew | alatigerge kerek tüldülethey do not need to sew |
| have to | menmenŋe tigerge tüşediI have to sew | sensenŋe tigerge tüşediyou have to sew | olaŋa tigerge tüşedihe has to sew | bizbizge tigerge tüşediwe have to sew | sizsizge tigerge tüşediyou all have to sew | alaalağa tigerge tüşedithey have to sew |
| have to | menmenŋe tigerge tüşmeydiI do not have to sew | sensenŋe tigerge tüşmeydiyou do not have to sew | olaŋa tigerge tüşmeydihe does not have to sew | bizbizge tigerge tüşmeydiwe do not have to sew | sizsizge tigerge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to sew | alaalağa tigerge tüşmeydithey do not have to sew |
| be obliged to | mentigerge borçlumaI am obliged to sew | sentigerge borçlusayou are obliged to sew | oltigerge borçluduhe is obliged to sew | biztigerge borçlubuzwe are obliged to sew | siztigerge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to sew | alatigerge borçludulathey are obliged to sew |
| be obliged to | mentigerge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to sew | sentigerge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to sew | oltigerge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to sew | biztigerge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to sew | siztigerge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to sew | alatigerge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to sew |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mentigerge madarım bardıI have a way to sew | sentigerge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to sew | oltigerge madarı bardıhe has a way to sew | biztigerge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to sew | siztigerge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to sew | alatigerge madarları bardıthey have a way to sew |
| have a way to | mentigerge madarım joqduI have no way to sew | sentigerge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to sew | oltigerge madarı joqduhe has no way to sew | biztigerge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to sew | siztigerge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to sew | alatigerge madarları joqduthey have no way to sew |
| be free to | mentigerge erkinligim bardıI am free to sew | sentigerge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to sew | oltigerge erkinligi bardıhe is free to sew | biztigerge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to sew | siztigerge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to sew | alatigerge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to sew |
| be free to | mentigerge erkinligim joqduI am not free to sew | sentigerge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to sew | oltigerge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to sew | biztigerge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to sew | siztigerge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to sew | alatigerge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to sew |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tigerge bolluqduit is possible for me to sew | sensenŋe tigerge bolluqduit is possible for you to sew | olaŋa tigerge bolluqduit is possible for him to sew | bizbizge tigerge bolluqduit is possible for us to sew | sizsizge tigerge bolluqduit is possible for you all to sew | alaalağa tigerge bolluqduit is possible for them to sew |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tigerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to sew | sensenŋe tigerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to sew | olaŋa tigerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to sew | bizbizge tigerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to sew | sizsizge tigerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to sew | alaalağa tigerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to sew |
| be ready to | mentigerge hazırmaI am ready to sew | sentigerge hazırsayou are ready to sew | oltigerge hazırdıhe is ready to sew | biztigerge hazırbızwe are ready to sew | siztigerge hazırsızyou all are ready to sew | alatigerge hazırdılathey are ready to sew |
| be ready to | mentigerge hazır tülmeI am not ready to sew | sentigerge hazır tülseyou are not ready to sew | oltigerge hazır tüldühe is not ready to sew | biztigerge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to sew | siztigerge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to sew | alatigerge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to sew |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mentigerge küreşemeI am trying to sew | sentigerge küreşeseyou are trying to sew | oltigerge küreşedihe is trying to sew | biztigerge küreşebizwe are trying to sew | siztigerge küreşesizyou all are trying to sew | alatigerge küreşedilethey are trying to sew |
| try to | mentigerge küreşmeymeI am not trying to sew | sentigerge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to sew | oltigerge küreşmeydihe is not trying to sew | biztigerge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to sew | siztigerge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to sew | alatigerge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to sew |
| agree to | mentigerge unaymaI agree to sew | sentigerge unaysayou agree to sew | oltigerge unaydıhe agrees to sew | biztigerge unaybızwe agree to sew | siztigerge unaysızyou all agree to sew | alatigerge unaydılathey agree to sew |
| agree to | mentigerge unamaymaI refuse to sew | sentigerge unamaysayou refuse to sew | oltigerge unamaydıhe refuses to sew | biztigerge unamaybızwe refuse to sew | siztigerge unamaysızyou all refuse to sew | alatigerge unamaydılathey refuse to sew |
| hurry to | mentigerge aşığamaI am in a hurry to sew | sentigerge aşığasayou are in a hurry to sew | oltigerge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to sew | biztigerge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to sew | siztigerge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to sew | alatigerge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to sew |
| hurry to | mentigerge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to sew | sentigerge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to sew | oltigerge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to sew | biztigerge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to sew | siztigerge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to sew | alatigerge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to sew |
| be afraid to | mentigerge qorqamaI am afraid to sew | sentigerge qorqasayou are afraid to sew | oltigerge qorqadıhe is afraid to sew | biztigerge qorqabızwe are afraid to sew | siztigerge qorqasızyou all are afraid to sew | alatigerge qorqadılathey are afraid to sew |
| be afraid to | mentigerge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to sew | sentigerge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to sew | oltigerge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to sew | biztigerge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to sew | siztigerge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to sew | alatigerge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to sew |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentige bolmazmaI can't be sewing | sentige bolmazsayou can't be sewing | oltige bolmazhe can't be sewing | biztige bolmazbızwe can't be sewing | siztige bolmazsızyou all can't be sewing | alatige bolmazlathey can't be sewing |
| Inference, present — double negation | mentikmey bolmazmaI must be sewing (emphatic) | sentikmey bolmazsayou must be sewing (emphatic) | oltikmey bolmazhe must be sewing (emphatic) | biztikmey bolmazbızwe must be sewing (emphatic) | siztikmey bolmazsızyou all must be sewing (emphatic) | alatikmey bolmazlathey must be sewing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentige turmasamif I don't keep sewing | sentige turmasaŋif you don't keep sewing | oltige turmasaif he doesn't keep sewing | biztige turmasaqif we don't keep sewing | siztige turmasağızif you all don't keep sewing | alatige turmasalaif they don't keep sewing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentige tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of sewing | sentige tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of sewing | oltige tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of sewing | biztige tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of sewing | siztige tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of sewing | alatige tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of sewing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mentikmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not sewing (emphatic) | sentikmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not sewing (emphatic) | oltikmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not sewing (emphatic) | biztikmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not sewing (emphatic) | siztikmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not sewing (emphatic) | alatikmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not sewing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mentikmey turamaI keep on not sewing | sentikmey turasayou keep on not sewing | oltikmey turadıhe keeps on not sewing | biztikmey turabızwe keep on not sewing | siztikmey turasızyou all keep on not sewing | alatikmey turadılathey keep on not sewing |
| Progressive — double negation | mentikmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not sewing | sentikmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not sewing | oltikmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not sewing | biztikmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not sewing | siztikmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not sewing | alatikmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not sewing |
| Progressive — double negation | mentikmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not sewing? | sentikmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not sewing? | oltikmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not sewing? | biztikmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not sewing? | siztikmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not sewing? | alatikmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not sewing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mentikgen bolmazmaI can't have sewn | sentikgen bolmazsayou can't have sewn | oltikgen bolmazhe can't have sewn | biztikgen bolmazbızwe can't have sewn | siztikgen bolmazsızyou all can't have sewn | alatikgen bolmazlathey can't have sewn |
| Inference — double negation | mentikmegen bolmazmaI must have sewn (emphatic) | sentikmegen bolmazsayou must have sewn (emphatic) | oltikmegen bolmazhe must have sewn (emphatic) | biztikmegen bolmazbızwe must have sewn (emphatic) | siztikmegen bolmazsızyou all must have sewn (emphatic) | alatikmegen bolmazlathey must have sewn (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mentikgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had sewn | sentikgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had sewn | oltikgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had sewn | biztikgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had sewn | siztikgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had sewn | alatikgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had sewn |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mentikmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't sewn | sentikmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't sewn | oltikmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't sewn | biztikmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't sewn | siztikmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't sewn | alatikmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't sewn |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mentigerik bolmazmaI can't be going to sew | sentigerik bolmazsayou can't be going to sew | oltigerik bolmazhe can't be going to sew | biztigerik bolmazbızwe can't be going to sew | siztigerik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to sew | alatigerik bolmazlathey can't be going to sew |
| Inference, future — double negation | mentikmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to sew (emphatic) | sentikmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to sew (emphatic) | oltikmezlik bolmazhe must be going to sew (emphatic) | biztikmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to sew (emphatic) | siztikmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to sew (emphatic) | alatikmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to sew (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mentigerik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to sew | sentigerik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to sew | oltigerik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to sew | biztigerik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to sew | siztigerik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to sew | alatigerik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to sew |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mentikmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to sew | sentikmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to sew | oltikmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to sew | biztikmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to sew | siztikmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to sew | alatikmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to sew |