teblerge
/teblerɡe/
1. trample, tread on, tread down — Also used figuratively of humiliating or oppressing people, as in sıyın teblerge "humiliate someone" (literally "trample their honor").
- kırdıknı tebleme — do not trample the grass
- malla baçhanı teblegendile — the cattle have trampled the crops
- halqnı tebleydile — they oppress the people
- sıyın teblerge — to trample someone's honor
2. tamp down, tread firm, compact, pack down
- jolnu teblerge — to pack the road down
- unnu tebleb quy — pour the flour in, pressing it down
- qarnı tebleb bardıla — they went along, treading the snow firm
- jerni teblerge — to compact the soil
3. crush, run over, squash flat — With bir birin it means jostle or crowd one another.
- maşina tebler, saq bol — the car may run you over, be careful
- arba itni teblegendi — the cart ran over the dog
- anı arba teblegendi — the cart ran him over
- bir biriŋi teblerge — to crowd one another
Conjugation
Common forms
- tebleydihe is trampling
- tebledihe trampled
- teblegendihe has trampled
- teblerhe will trample
- teblerikdihe is going to trample
- tebley edihe was trampling
- tebleseif he tramples
- teble!trample!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentebleymeI am trampling | sentebleyseyou are trampling | oltebleydihe is trampling | biztebleybizwe are trampling | siztebleysizyou all are trampling | alatebleydilethey are trampling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menteblemeymeI am not trampling | senteblemeyseyou are not trampling | olteblemeydihe is not trampling | bizteblemeybizwe are not trampling | sizteblemeysizyou all are not trampling | alateblemeydilethey are not trampling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentebleymemi? tebleymime?am I trampling? | sentebleymise?are you trampling? | oltebleymidi?is he trampling? | biztebleybizmi? tebleymibiz?are we trampling? | siztebleymisiz?are you all trampling? | alatebleymidile?are they trampling? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menteblemeymemi? teblemeymime?aren't I trampling? | senteblemeymise?aren't you trampling? | olteblemeymidi?isn't he trampling? | bizteblemeybizmi? teblemeymibiz?aren't we trampling? | sizteblemeymisiz?aren't you all trampling? | alateblemeymidile?aren't they trampling? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menteblewçenmeI usually trample | senteblewçenseyou usually trample | olteblewçendihe usually tramples | bizteblewçenbizwe usually trample | sizteblewçensizyou all usually trample | alateblewçendilethey usually trample |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menteblemewçenmeI usually don't trample | senteblemewçenseyou usually don't trample | olteblemewçendihe usually doesn't trample | bizteblemewçenbizwe usually don't trample | sizteblemewçensizyou all usually don't trample | alateblemewçendilethey usually don't trample |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menteblewçenmemi? teblewçenmime?do I usually trample? | senteblewçenmise?do you usually trample? | olteblewçenmidi?does he usually trample? | bizteblewçenbizmi? teblewçenmibiz?do we usually trample? | sizteblewçenmisiz?do you all usually trample? | alateblewçenmidile?do they usually trample? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menteblemewçenmemi? teblemewçenmime?do I usually not trample? | senteblemewçenmise?do you usually not trample? | olteblemewçenmidi?does he usually not trample? | bizteblemewçenbizmi? teblemewçenmibiz?do we usually not trample? | sizteblemewçenmisiz?do you all usually not trample? | alateblemewçenmidile?do they usually not trample? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olteblebdihe has trampled and remains so | alateblebdilethey have trampled and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olteblebmidi?has he trampled? | alateblebmidile?have they trampled? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentebleb turamaI keep trampling | sentebleb turasayou keep trampling | oltebleb turadıhe keeps trampling | biztebleb turabızwe keep trampling | siztebleb turasızyou all keep trampling | alatebleb turadılathey keep trampling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentebleb turmaymaI don't keep trampling | sentebleb turmaysayou don't keep trampling | oltebleb turmaydıhe doesn't keep trampling | biztebleb turmaybızwe don't keep trampling | siztebleb turmaysızyou all don't keep trampling | alatebleb turmaydılathey don't keep trampling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentebleb turamamı? tebleb turamıma?do I keep trampling? | sentebleb turamısa?do you keep trampling? | oltebleb turamıdı?does he keep trampling? | biztebleb turabızmı? tebleb turamıbız?do we keep trampling? | siztebleb turamısız?do you all keep trampling? | alatebleb turamıdıla?do they keep trampling? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentebleb turmaymamı? tebleb turmaymıma?don't I keep trampling? | sentebleb turmaymısa?don't you keep trampling? | oltebleb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep trampling? | biztebleb turmaybızmı? tebleb turmaymıbız?don't we keep trampling? | siztebleb turmaymısız?don't you all keep trampling? | alatebleb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep trampling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentebley turamaI am in the middle of trampling | sentebley turasayou are in the middle of trampling | oltebley turadıhe is in the middle of trampling | biztebley turabızwe are in the middle of trampling | siztebley turasızyou all are in the middle of trampling | alatebley turadılathey are in the middle of trampling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentebley turmaymaI am not in the middle of trampling | sentebley turmaysayou are not in the middle of trampling | oltebley turmaydıhe is not in the middle of trampling | biztebley turmaybızwe are not in the middle of trampling | siztebley turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of trampling | alatebley turmaydılathey are not in the middle of trampling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentebley turamamı? tebley turamıma?am I in the middle of trampling? | sentebley turamısa?are you in the middle of trampling? | oltebley turamıdı?is he in the middle of trampling? | biztebley turabızmı? tebley turamıbız?are we in the middle of trampling? | siztebley turamısız?are you all in the middle of trampling? | alatebley turamıdıla?are they in the middle of trampling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentebley turmaymamı? tebley turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of trampling? | sentebley turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of trampling? | oltebley turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of trampling? | biztebley turmaybızmı? tebley turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of trampling? | siztebley turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of trampling? | alatebley turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of trampling? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentebledimI trampled | senteblediŋyou trampled | oltebledihe trampled | biztebledikwe trampled | siztebledigizyou all trampled | alatebledilethey trampled |
| Simple past (definite) | menteblemedimI didn't trample | senteblemediŋyou didn't trample | olteblemedihe didn't trample | bizteblemedikwe didn't trample | sizteblemedigizyou all didn't trample | alateblemedilethey didn't trample |
| Simple past (definite) | mentebledimmi?did I trample? | senteblediŋmi?did you trample? | oltebledimi?did he trample? | biztebledikmi?did we trample? | siztebledigizmi?did you all trample? | alatebledilemi?did they trample? |
| Simple past (definite) | menteblemedimmi?didn't I trample? | senteblemediŋmi?didn't you trample? | olteblemedimi?didn't he trample? | bizteblemedikmi?didn't we trample? | sizteblemedigizmi?didn't you all trample? | alateblemedilemi?didn't they trample? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menteblegenmeI have trampled | senteblegenseyou have trampled | olteblegendihe has trampled | bizteblegenbizwe have trampled | sizteblegensizyou all have trampled | alateblegendilethey have trampled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menteblemegenmeI haven't trampled | senteblemegenseyou haven't trampled | olteblemegendihe hasn't trampled | bizteblemegenbizwe haven't trampled | sizteblemegensizyou all haven't trampled | alateblemegendilethey haven't trampled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menteblegenmemi? teblegenmime?have I trampled? | senteblegenmise?have you trampled? | olteblegenmidi?has he trampled? | bizteblegenbizmi? teblegenmibiz?have we trampled? | sizteblegenmisiz?have you all trampled? | alateblegenmidile?have they trampled? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menteblemegenmemi? teblemegenmime?haven't I trampled? | senteblemegenmise?haven't you trampled? | olteblemegenmidi?hasn't he trampled? | bizteblemegenbizmi? teblemegenmibiz?haven't we trampled? | sizteblemegenmisiz?haven't you all trampled? | alateblemegenmidile?haven't they trampled? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentebleb turdumI kept trampling | sentebleb turduŋyou kept trampling | oltebleb turduhe kept trampling | biztebleb turduqwe kept trampling | siztebleb turduğuzyou all kept trampling | alatebleb turdulathey kept trampling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentebleb turmadımI didn't keep trampling | sentebleb turmadıŋyou didn't keep trampling | oltebleb turmadıhe didn't keep trampling | biztebleb turmadıqwe didn't keep trampling | siztebleb turmadığızyou all didn't keep trampling | alatebleb turmadılathey didn't keep trampling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menteblermeI will trample | senteblerseyou will trample | olteblerhe will trample | bizteblerbizwe will trample | sizteblersizyou all will trample | alateblerlethey will trample |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menteblemezmeI won't trample | senteblemezseyou won't trample | olteblemezhe won't trample | bizteblemezbizwe won't trample | sizteblemezsizyou all won't trample | alateblemezlethey won't trample |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menteblermemi? teblermime?will I trample? | senteblermise?will you trample? | olteblermi?will he trample? | bizteblerbizmi? teblermibiz?will we trample? | sizteblermisiz?will you all trample? | alateblerlemi? teblermile?will they trample? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menteblemezmemi? teblemezmime?won't I trample? | senteblemezmise?won't you trample? | olteblemezmi?won't he trample? | bizteblemezbizmi? teblemezmibiz?won't we trample? | sizteblemezmisiz?won't you all trample? | alateblemezlemi? teblemezmile?won't they trample? |
| Definite future (future II) | menteblerikmeI am going to trample | senteblerikseyou are going to trample | olteblerikdihe is going to trample | bizteblerikbizwe are going to trample | siztebleriksizyou all are going to trample | alateblerikdilethey are going to trample |
| Definite future (future II) | menteblerik tülmeI am not going to trample | senteblerik tülseyou are not going to trample | olteblerik tüldühe is not going to trample | bizteblerik tülbüzwe are not going to trample | sizteblerik tülsüzyou all are not going to trample | alateblerik tüldülethey are not going to trample |
| Definite future (future II) | menteblerikmemi? teblerikmime?am I going to trample? | senteblerikmise?are you going to trample? | olteblerikmidi?is he going to trample? | bizteblerikbizmi? teblerikmibiz?are we going to trample? | sizteblerikmisiz?are you all going to trample? | alateblerikmidile?are they going to trample? |
| Definite future (future II) | menteblerik tülmüme?aren't I going to trample? | senteblerik tülmüse?aren't you going to trample? | olteblerik tülmüdü?isn't he going to trample? | bizteblerik tülmübüz?aren't we going to trample? | sizteblerik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to trample? | alateblerik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to trample? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menteblegen edimteblegenemI had trampled | senteblegen ediŋteblegeneŋyou had trampled | olteblegen editeblegenedhe had trampled | bizteblegen edikteblegenekwe had trampled | sizteblegen edigizteblegenegizyou all had trampled | alateblegen edileteblegenellethey had trampled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menteblemegen edimteblemegenemI hadn't trampled | senteblemegen ediŋteblemegeneŋyou hadn't trampled | olteblemegen editeblemegenedhe hadn't trampled | bizteblemegen edikteblemegenekwe hadn't trampled | sizteblemegen edigizteblemegenegizyou all hadn't trampled | alateblemegen edileteblemegenellethey hadn't trampled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentebley edimtebleyemI was trampling | sentebley ediŋtebleyeŋyou were trampling | oltebley editebleyedhe was trampling | biztebley ediktebleyekwe were trampling | siztebley edigiztebleyegizyou all were trampling | alatebley ediletebleyellethey were trampling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menteblemey edimteblemeyemI wasn't trampling | senteblemey ediŋteblemeyeŋyou weren't trampling | olteblemey editeblemeyedhe wasn't trampling | bizteblemey edikteblemeyekwe weren't trampling | sizteblemey edigizteblemeyegizyou all weren't trampling | alateblemey edileteblemeyellethey weren't trampling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menteblewçen edimteblewçenemI used to trample | senteblewçen ediŋteblewçeneŋyou used to trample | olteblewçen editeblewçenedhe used to trample | bizteblewçen edikteblewçenekwe used to trample | sizteblewçen edigizteblewçenegizyou all used to trample | alateblewçen edileteblewçenellethey used to trample |
| Habitual past (used to) | menteblemewçen edimteblemewçenemI didn't use to trample | senteblemewçen ediŋteblemewçeneŋyou didn't use to trample | olteblemewçen editeblemewçenedhe didn't use to trample | bizteblemewçen edikteblemewçenekwe didn't use to trample | sizteblemewçen edigizteblemewçenegizyou all didn't use to trample | alateblemewçen edileteblemewçenellethey didn't use to trample |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltebleb edihe had trampled and remained so | alatebleb edilethey had trampled and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltebleb tül edihe hadn't trampled | alatebleb tül edilethey hadn't trampled | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentebleb tura edimtebleb turaemI had kept trampling | sentebleb tura ediŋtebleb turaeŋyou had kept trampling | oltebleb tura editebleb turaedhe had kept trampling | biztebleb tura ediktebleb turaekwe had kept trampling | siztebleb tura edigiztebleb turaegizyou all had kept trampling | alatebleb tura ediletebleb turaellethey had kept trampling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentebleb turmay edimtebleb turmayemI hadn't kept trampling | sentebleb turmay ediŋtebleb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept trampling | oltebleb turmay editebleb turmayedhe hadn't kept trampling | biztebleb turmay ediktebleb turmayekwe hadn't kept trampling | siztebleb turmay edigiztebleb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept trampling | alatebleb turmay ediletebleb turmayellethey hadn't kept trampling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentebley tura edimtebley turaemI was in the middle of trampling | sentebley tura ediŋtebley turaeŋyou were in the middle of trampling | oltebley tura editebley turaedhe was in the middle of trampling | biztebley tura ediktebley turaekwe were in the middle of trampling | siztebley tura edigiztebley turaegizyou all were in the middle of trampling | alatebley tura ediletebley turaellethey were in the middle of trampling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentebley turmay edimtebley turmayemI wasn't in the middle of trampling | sentebley turmay ediŋtebley turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of trampling | oltebley turmay editebley turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of trampling | biztebley turmay ediktebley turmayekwe weren't in the middle of trampling | siztebley turmay edigiztebley turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of trampling | alatebley turmay ediletebley turmayellethey weren't in the middle of trampling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentebler edimtebler emI would trample | sentebler ediŋtebler eŋyou would trample | oltebler editebler edhe would trample | biztebler ediktebler ekwe would trample | siztebler edigiztebler egizyou all would trample | alatebler ediletebler ellethey would trample |
| Conditional result (would) | menteblemez edimteblemez emI wouldn't trample | senteblemez ediŋteblemez eŋyou wouldn't trample | olteblemez editeblemez edhe wouldn't trample | bizteblemez edikteblemez ekwe wouldn't trample | sizteblemez edigizteblemez egizyou all wouldn't trample | alateblemez edileteblemez ellethey wouldn't trample |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menteblerik edimteblerik emI would have trampled | senteblerik ediŋteblerik eŋyou would have trampled | olteblerik editeblerik edhe would have trampled | bizteblerik edikteblerik ekwe would have trampled | sizteblerik edigizteblerik egizyou all would have trampled | alateblerik edileteblerik ellethey would have trampled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menteblerik tül edimteblerik tül emI wouldn't have trampled | senteblerik tül ediŋteblerik tül eŋyou wouldn't have trampled | olteblerik tül editeblerik tül edhe wouldn't have trampled | bizteblerik tül edikteblerik tül ekwe wouldn't have trampled | sizteblerik tül edigizteblerik tül egizyou all wouldn't have trampled | alateblerik tül edileteblerik tül ellethey wouldn't have trampled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menteblesemif I trample | sentebleseŋif you trample | oltebleseif he tramples | bizteblesekif we trample | sizteblesegizif you all trample | alatebleseleif they trample |
| Conditional | menteblemesemif I don't trample | senteblemeseŋif you don't trample | olteblemeseif he doesn't trample | bizteblemesekif we don't trample | sizteblemesegizif you all don't trample | alateblemeseleif they don't trample |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentebley esemif I am trampling | sentebley eseŋif you are trampling | oltebley eseif he is trampling | biztebley esekif we are trampling | siztebley esegizif you all are trampling | alatebley eseleif they are trampling |
| Conditional, present real | menteblemey esemif I am not trampling | senteblemey eseŋif you are not trampling | olteblemey eseif he is not trampling | bizteblemey esekif we are not trampling | sizteblemey esegizif you all are not trampling | alateblemey eseleif they are not trampling |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menteblesem editeblesem edif only I trampled | sentebleseŋ editebleseŋ edif only you trampled | olteblese editeblesedif only he trampled | bizteblesek editeblesek edif only we trampled | sizteblesegiz editeblesegiz edif only you all trampled | alateblesele editebleseledif only they trampled |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menteblemesem editeblemesem edif only I didn't trample | senteblemeseŋ editeblemeseŋ edif only you didn't trample | olteblemese editeblemesedif only he didn't trample | bizteblemesek editeblemesek edif only we didn't trample | sizteblemesegiz editeblemesegiz edif only you all didn't trample | alateblemesele editeblemeseledif only they didn't trample |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentebleb tursamif I carry on trampling | sentebleb tursaŋif you carry on trampling | oltebleb tursaif he carries on trampling | biztebleb tursaqif we carry on trampling | siztebleb tursağızif you all carry on trampling | alatebleb tursalaif they carry on trampling |
| Durative conditional | mentebleb turmasamif I don't carry on trampling | sentebleb turmasaŋif you don't carry on trampling | oltebleb turmasaif he doesn't carry on trampling | biztebleb turmasaqif we don't carry on trampling | siztebleb turmasağızif you all don't carry on trampling | alatebleb turmasalaif they don't carry on trampling |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentebleb tura esemif I have kept trampling | sentebleb tura eseŋif you have kept trampling | oltebleb tura eseif he has kept trampling | biztebleb tura esekif we have kept trampling | siztebleb tura esegizif you all have kept trampling | alatebleb tura eseleif they have kept trampling |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentebleb turmay esemif I haven't kept trampling | sentebleb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept trampling | oltebleb turmay eseif he hasn't kept trampling | biztebleb turmay esekif we haven't kept trampling | siztebleb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept trampling | alatebleb turmay eseleif they haven't kept trampling |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentebley tursamif I keep trampling | sentebley tursaŋif you keep trampling | oltebley tursaif he keeps trampling | biztebley tursaqif we keep trampling | siztebley tursağızif you all keep trampling | alatebley tursalaif they keep trampling |
| Progressive conditional | menteblemey tursamif I keep on not trampling | senteblemey tursaŋif you keep on not trampling | olteblemey tursaif he keeps on not trampling | bizteblemey tursaqif we keep on not trampling | sizteblemey tursağızif you all keep on not trampling | alateblemey tursalaif they keep on not trampling |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentebley tura esemif I am in the middle of trampling | sentebley tura eseŋif you are in the middle of trampling | oltebley tura eseif he is in the middle of trampling | biztebley tura esekif we are in the middle of trampling | siztebley tura esegizif you all are in the middle of trampling | alatebley tura eseleif they are in the middle of trampling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menteblemey tura esemif I keep on not trampling | senteblemey tura eseŋif you keep on not trampling | olteblemey tura eseif he keeps on not trampling | bizteblemey tura esekif we keep on not trampling | sizteblemey tura esegizif you all keep on not trampling | alateblemey tura eseleif they keep on not trampling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentebledim esemif I trampled | senteblediŋ eseŋif you trampled | oltebledi eseif he trampled | biztebledik esekif we trampled | siztebledigiz esegizif you all trampled | alatebledile eseleif they trampled |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menteblemedim esemif I didn't trample | senteblemediŋ eseŋif you didn't trample | olteblemedi eseif he didn't trample | bizteblemedik esekif we didn't trample | sizteblemedigiz esegizif you all didn't trample | alateblemedile eseleif they didn't trample |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menteblegen esemif I did trample (indeed) | senteblegen eseŋif you did trample (indeed) | olteblegen eseif he did trample (indeed) | bizteblegen esekif we did trample (indeed) | sizteblegen esegizif you all did trample (indeed) | alateblegen eseleif they did trample (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menteblemegen esemif I didn't trample (indeed) | senteblemegen eseŋif you didn't trample (indeed) | olteblemegen eseif he didn't trample (indeed) | bizteblemegen esekif we didn't trample (indeed) | sizteblemegen esegizif you all didn't trample (indeed) | alateblemegen eseleif they didn't trample (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menteblegen bolsamif I had trampled | senteblegen bolsaŋif you had trampled | olteblegen bolsaif he had trampled | bizteblegen bolsaqif we had trampled | sizteblegen bolsağızif you all had trampled | alateblegen bolsalaif they had trampled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menteblemegen bolsamif I hadn't trampled | senteblemegen bolsaŋif you hadn't trampled | olteblemegen bolsaif he hadn't trampled | bizteblemegen bolsaqif we hadn't trampled | sizteblemegen bolsağızif you all hadn't trampled | alateblemegen bolsalaif they hadn't trampled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menteblegen bolsam editeblegen bolsam edif only I had trampled | senteblegen bolsaŋ editeblegen bolsaŋ edif only you had trampled | olteblegen bolsa editeblegen bolsaedif only he had trampled | bizteblegen bolsaq editeblegen bolsaq edif only we had trampled | sizteblegen bolsağız editeblegen bolsağız edif only you all had trampled | alateblegen bolsala editeblegen bolsalaedif only they had trampled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menteblemegen bolsam editeblemegen bolsam edif only I hadn't trampled | senteblemegen bolsaŋ editeblemegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't trampled | olteblemegen bolsa editeblemegen bolsaedif only he hadn't trampled | bizteblemegen bolsaq editeblemegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't trampled | sizteblemegen bolsağız editeblemegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't trampled | alateblemegen bolsala editeblemegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't trampled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentebler esemif I will trample | sentebler eseŋif you will trample | oltebler eseif he will trample | biztebler esekif we will trample | siztebler esegizif you all will trample | alatebler eseleif they will trample |
| Conditional, aorist | menteblemez esemif I won't trample | senteblemez eseŋif you won't trample | olteblemez eseif he won't trample | bizteblemez esekif we won't trample | sizteblemez esegizif you all won't trample | alateblemez eseleif they won't trample |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menteblerik esemif I am going to trample | senteblerik eseŋif you are going to trample | olteblerik eseif he is going to trample | bizteblerik esekif we are going to trample | sizteblerik esegizif you all are going to trample | alateblerik eseleif they are going to trample |
| Conditional, future | menteblerik tül esemif I am not going to trample | senteblerik tül eseŋif you are not going to trample | olteblerik tül eseif he is not going to trample | bizteblerik tül esekif we are not going to trample | sizteblerik tül esegizif you all are not going to trample | alateblerik tül eseleif they are not going to trample |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menteblerik bolsamif I were going to trample | senteblerik bolsaŋif you were going to trample | olteblerik bolsaif he were going to trample | bizteblerik bolsaqif we were going to trample | sizteblerik bolsağızif you all were going to trample | alateblerik bolsalaif they were going to trample |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menteblemezlik bolsamif I were not going to trample | senteblemezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to trample | olteblemezlik bolsaif he were not going to trample | bizteblemezlik bolsaqif we were not going to trample | sizteblemezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to trample | alateblemezlik bolsalaif they were not going to trample |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso teblediŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentebley bolurmaI must be trampling | sentebley bolursayou must be trampling | oltebley bolurhe must be trampling | biztebley bolurbuzwe must be trampling | siztebley bolursuzyou all must be trampling | alatebley bolurlathey must be trampling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menteblemey bolurmaI must not be trampling | senteblemey bolursayou must not be trampling | olteblemey bolurhe must not be trampling | bizteblemey bolurbuzwe must not be trampling | sizteblemey bolursuzyou all must not be trampling | alateblemey bolurlathey must not be trampling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentebley tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of trampling | sentebley tura bolursayou must be in the middle of trampling | oltebley tura bolurhe must be in the middle of trampling | biztebley tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of trampling | siztebley tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of trampling | alatebley tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of trampling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menteblemey tura bolurmaI must keep on not trampling | senteblemey tura bolursayou must keep on not trampling | olteblemey tura bolurhe must keep on not trampling | bizteblemey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not trampling | sizteblemey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not trampling | alateblemey tura bolurlathey must keep on not trampling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menteblegen bolurmaI must have trampled | senteblegen bolursayou must have trampled | olteblegen bolurhe must have trampled | bizteblegen bolurbuzwe must have trampled | sizteblegen bolursuzyou all must have trampled | alateblegen bolurlathey must have trampled |
| Inference (must have) | menteblemegen bolurmaI must not have trampled | senteblemegen bolursayou must not have trampled | olteblemegen bolurhe must not have trampled | bizteblemegen bolurbuzwe must not have trampled | sizteblemegen bolursuzyou all must not have trampled | alateblemegen bolurlathey must not have trampled |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menteblerik bolurmaI must be going to trample | senteblerik bolursayou must be going to trample | olteblerik bolurhe must be going to trample | bizteblerik bolurbuzwe must be going to trample | sizteblerik bolursuzyou all must be going to trample | alateblerik bolurlathey must be going to trample |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menteblemezlik bolurmaI must not be going to trample | senteblemezlik bolursayou must not be going to trample | olteblemezlik bolurhe must not be going to trample | bizteblemezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to trample | sizteblemezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to trample | alateblemezlik bolurlathey must not be going to trample |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentebleyimlet me trample | senteble!trample! | olteblesinlet him trample | biztebleyiklet's trample | sizteblegiz!trample, you all! | alateblesinlelet them trample |
| Commands & suggestions | menteblemeyimlet me not trample | sentebleme!don't trample! | olteblemesinlet him not trample | bizteblemeyiklet's not trample | sizteblemegiz!don't trample, you all! | alateblemesinlelet them not trample |
| Commands & suggestions | mentebleyimmi?shall I trample? | olteblesinmi?should he trample? | biztebleyikmi?shall we trample? | alateblesinlemi?should they trample? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menteblemeyimmi?shall I not trample? | olteblemesinmi?should he not trample? | bizteblemeyikmi?shall we not trample? | alateblemesinlemi?should they not trample? | ||
| Requests | sentebleçi2tebleçinplease trample | olteblesinçido let him trample | siztebleçigizplease trample (plural/polite) | alateblesinleçido let them trample | ||
| Requests | senteblemeçi2teblemeçinplease don't trample | olteblemesinçido let him not trample | sizteblemeçigizplease don't trample (plural/polite) | alateblemesinleçido let them not trample | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentebleginteblegimay you trample | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senteblemeginteblemegimay you not trample | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menteblegey edim teblege edimwould that I trampled | senteblegey ediŋ teblege ediŋwould that you trampled | olteblegey edi teblege ediwould that he trampled | bizteblegey edik teblege edikwould that we trampled | sizteblegey edigiz teblege edigizwould that you all trampled | alateblegey edile teblege edilewould that they trampled |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menteblemegey edim teblemege edimwould that I did not trample | senteblemegey ediŋ teblemege ediŋwould that you did not trample | olteblemegey edi teblemege ediwould that he did not trample | bizteblemegey edik teblemege edikwould that we did not trample | sizteblemegey edigiz teblemege edigizwould that you all did not trample | alateblemegey edile teblemege edilewould that they did not trample |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menteblemege qoyayımtebleme qoyayımlet me allow someone to trample | senteblemege qoy!tebleme qoy!let someone trample! | olteblemege qoysuntebleme qoysunlet him allow someone to trample | bizteblemege qoyayıqtebleme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to trample | sizteblemege qoyuğuz!tebleme qoyuğuz!let someone trample, you all! | alateblemege qoysunlatebleme qoysunlalet them allow someone to trample |
| Let someone… (commands) | menteblemege qoymayımtebleme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to trample | senteblemege qoyma!tebleme qoyma!don't let someone trample! | olteblemege qoymasıntebleme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to trample | bizteblemege qoymayıqtebleme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to trample | sizteblemege qoymağız!tebleme qoymağız!don't let someone trample, you all! | alateblemege qoymasınlatebleme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to trample |
| Let someone… (commands) | menteblemege qoyayımmı?tebleme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to trample? | olteblemege qoysunmu?tebleme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to trample? | bizteblemege qoyayıqmı?tebleme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to trample? | alateblemege qoysunlamı?tebleme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to trample? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menteblemege qoymayımmı?tebleme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to trample? | olteblemege qoymasınmı?tebleme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to trample? | bizteblemege qoymayıqmı?tebleme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to trample? | alateblemege qoymasınlamı?tebleme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to trample? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menteblemege qoyamatebleme qoyamaI allow someone to trample | senteblemege qoyasatebleme qoyasayou allow someone to trample | olteblemege qoyadıtebleme qoyadıhe allows someone to trample | bizteblemege qoyabıztebleme qoyabızwe allow someone to trample | sizteblemege qoyasıztebleme qoyasızyou all allow someone to trample | alateblemege qoyadılatebleme qoyadılathey allow someone to trample |
| Let someone… (present) | menteblemege qoymaymatebleme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to trample | senteblemege qoymaysatebleme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to trample | olteblemege qoymaydıtebleme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to trample | bizteblemege qoymaybıztebleme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to trample | sizteblemege qoymaysıztebleme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to trample | alateblemege qoymaydılatebleme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to trample |
| Let someone… (present) | menteblemege qoyamamı?tebleme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to trample? | senteblemege qoyamısa?tebleme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to trample? | olteblemege qoyamıdı?tebleme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to trample? | bizteblemege qoyabızmı?tebleme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to trample? | sizteblemege qoyamısız?tebleme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to trample? | alateblemege qoyamıdıla?tebleme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to trample? |
| Let someone… (present) | menteblemege qoymaymamı?tebleme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to trample? | senteblemege qoymaymısa?tebleme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to trample? | olteblemege qoymaymıdı?tebleme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to trample? | bizteblemege qoymaybızmı?tebleme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to trample? | sizteblemege qoymaymısız?tebleme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to trample? | alateblemege qoymaymıdıla?tebleme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to trample? |
| Let someone… (past) | menteblemege qoydumtebleme qoydumI allowed someone to trample | senteblemege qoyduŋtebleme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to trample | olteblemege qoydutebleme qoyduhe allowed someone to trample | bizteblemege qoyduqtebleme qoyduqwe allowed someone to trample | sizteblemege qoyduğuztebleme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to trample | alateblemege qoydulatebleme qoydulathey allowed someone to trample |
| Let someone… (past) | menteblemege qoymadımtebleme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to trample | senteblemege qoymadıŋtebleme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to trample | olteblemege qoymadıtebleme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to trample | bizteblemege qoymadıqtebleme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to trample | sizteblemege qoymadığıztebleme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to trample | alateblemege qoymadılatebleme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to trample |
| Let someone… (past) | menteblemege qoydummu?tebleme qoydummu?did I allow someone to trample? | senteblemege qoyduŋmu?tebleme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to trample? | olteblemege qoydumu?tebleme qoydumu?did he allow someone to trample? | bizteblemege qoyduqmu?tebleme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to trample? | sizteblemege qoyduğuzmu?tebleme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to trample? | alateblemege qoydulamı?tebleme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to trample? |
| Let someone… (past) | menteblemege qoymadımmı?tebleme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to trample? | senteblemege qoymadıŋmı?tebleme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to trample? | olteblemege qoymadımı?tebleme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to trample? | bizteblemege qoymadıqmı?tebleme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to trample? | sizteblemege qoymadığızmı?tebleme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to trample? | alateblemege qoymadılamı?tebleme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to trample? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentebleyalamaI can trample | sentebleyalasayou can trample | oltebleyaladıhe can trample | biztebleyalabızwe can trample | siztebleyalasızyou all can trample | alatebleyaladılathey can trample |
| Ability — present | mentebleyalmaymaI can't trample | sentebleyalmaysayou can't trample | oltebleyalmaydıhe can't trample | biztebleyalmaybızwe can't trample | siztebleyalmaysızyou all can't trample | alatebleyalmaydılathey can't trample |
| Ability — present | mentebleyalamamı? tebleyalamıma?can I trample? | sentebleyalamısa?can you trample? | oltebleyalamıdı?can he trample? | biztebleyalabızmı? tebleyalamıbız?can we trample? | siztebleyalamısız?can you all trample? | alatebleyalamıdıla?can they trample? |
| Ability — present | mentebleyalmaymamı? tebleyalmaymıma?can't I trample? | sentebleyalmaymısa?can't you trample? | oltebleyalmaymıdı?can't he trample? | biztebleyalmaybızmı? tebleyalmaymıbız?can't we trample? | siztebleyalmaymısız?can't you all trample? | alatebleyalmaymıdıla?can't they trample? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentebleyalsamif I can trample | sentebleyalsaŋif you can trample | oltebleyalsaif he can trample | biztebleyalsaqif we can trample | siztebleyalsağızif you all can trample | alatebleyalsalaif they can trample |
| Ability — if I can… | mentebleyalmasamif I can't trample | sentebleyalmasaŋif you can't trample | oltebleyalmasaif he can't trample | biztebleyalmasaqif we can't trample | siztebleyalmasağızif you all can't trample | alatebleyalmasalaif they can't trample |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentebleyaldımI was able to trample | sentebleyaldıŋyou were able to trample | oltebleyaldıhe was able to trample | biztebleyaldıqwe were able to trample | siztebleyaldığızyou all were able to trample | alatebleyaldılathey were able to trample |
| Ability — simple past | mentebleyalmadımI could not trample | sentebleyalmadıŋyou could not trample | oltebleyalmadıhe could not trample | biztebleyalmadıqwe could not trample | siztebleyalmadığızyou all could not trample | alatebleyalmadılathey could not trample |
| Ability — simple past | mentebleyaldımmı?was I able to trample? | sentebleyaldıŋmı?were you able to trample? | oltebleyaldımı?was he able to trample? | biztebleyaldıqmı?were we able to trample? | siztebleyaldığızmı?were you all able to trample? | alatebleyaldılamı?were they able to trample? |
| Ability — simple past | mentebleyalmadımmı?couldn't I trample? | sentebleyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you trample? | oltebleyalmadımı?couldn't he trample? | biztebleyalmadıqmı?couldn't we trample? | siztebleyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all trample? | alatebleyalmadılamı?couldn't they trample? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentebleyalğanmaI have been able to trample | sentebleyalğansayou have been able to trample | oltebleyalğandıhe has been able to trample | biztebleyalğanbızwe have been able to trample | siztebleyalğansızyou all have been able to trample | alatebleyalğandılathey have been able to trample |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentebleyalmağanmaI haven't been able to trample | sentebleyalmağansayou haven't been able to trample | oltebleyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to trample | biztebleyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to trample | siztebleyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to trample | alatebleyalmağandılathey haven't been able to trample |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentebleyalğanmamı? tebleyalğanmıma?have I been able to trample? | sentebleyalğanmısa?have you been able to trample? | oltebleyalğanmıdı?has he been able to trample? | biztebleyalğanbızmı? tebleyalğanmıbız?have we been able to trample? | siztebleyalğanmısız?have you all been able to trample? | alatebleyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to trample? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentebleyalmağanmamı? tebleyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to trample? | sentebleyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to trample? | oltebleyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to trample? | biztebleyalmağanbızmı? tebleyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to trample? | siztebleyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to trample? | alatebleyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to trample? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentebleyalğan edimtebleyalğanemI had been able to trample | sentebleyalğan ediŋtebleyalğaneŋyou had been able to trample | oltebleyalğan editebleyalğanedhe had been able to trample | biztebleyalğan ediktebleyalğanekwe had been able to trample | siztebleyalğan edigiztebleyalğanegizyou all had been able to trample | alatebleyalğan ediletebleyalğanellethey had been able to trample |
| Ability — past perfect | mentebleyalmağan edimtebleyalmağanemI hadn't been able to trample | sentebleyalmağan ediŋtebleyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to trample | oltebleyalmağan editebleyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to trample | biztebleyalmağan ediktebleyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to trample | siztebleyalmağan edigiztebleyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to trample | alatebleyalmağan ediletebleyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to trample |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentebleyala edimtebleyalaemI could trample | sentebleyala ediŋtebleyalaeŋyou could trample | oltebleyala editebleyalaedhe could trample | biztebleyala ediktebleyalaekwe could trample | siztebleyala edigiztebleyalaegizyou all could trample | alatebleyala ediletebleyalaellethey could trample |
| Ability — past background | mentebleyalmay edimtebleyalmayemI could not trample | sentebleyalmay ediŋtebleyalmayeŋyou could not trample | oltebleyalmay editebleyalmayedhe could not trample | biztebleyalmay ediktebleyalmayekwe could not trample | siztebleyalmay edigiztebleyalmayegizyou all could not trample | alatebleyalmay ediletebleyalmayellethey could not trample |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentebleyalırmaI will be able to trample | sentebleyalırsayou will be able to trample | oltebleyalırhe will be able to trample | biztebleyalırbızwe will be able to trample | siztebleyalırsızyou all will be able to trample | alatebleyalırlathey will be able to trample |
| Ability — future I | mentebleyalmazmaI won't be able to trample | sentebleyalmazsayou won't be able to trample | oltebleyalmazhe won't be able to trample | biztebleyalmazbızwe won't be able to trample | siztebleyalmazsızyou all won't be able to trample | alatebleyalmazlathey won't be able to trample |
| Ability — future I | mentebleyalırmamı? tebleyalırmıma?will I be able to trample? | sentebleyalırmısa?will you be able to trample? | oltebleyalırmı?will he be able to trample? | biztebleyalırbızmı? tebleyalırmıbız?will we be able to trample? | siztebleyalırmısız?will you all be able to trample? | alatebleyalırlamı? tebleyalırmıla?will they be able to trample? |
| Ability — future I | mentebleyalmazmamı? tebleyalmazmıma?won't I be able to trample? | sentebleyalmazmısa?won't you be able to trample? | oltebleyalmazmı?won't he be able to trample? | biztebleyalmazbızmı? tebleyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to trample? | siztebleyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to trample? | alatebleyalmazlamı? tebleyalmazmıla?won't they be able to trample? |
| Ability — future II | mentebleyallıqmaI am going to be able to trample | sentebleyallıqsayou are going to be able to trample | oltebleyallıqdıhe is going to be able to trample | biztebleyallıqbızwe are going to be able to trample | siztebleyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to trample | alatebleyallıqdılathey are going to be able to trample |
| Ability — future II | mentebleyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to trample | sentebleyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to trample | oltebleyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to trample | biztebleyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to trample | siztebleyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to trample | alatebleyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to trample |
| Ability — future II | mentebleyallıqmamı? tebleyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to trample? | sentebleyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to trample? | oltebleyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to trample? | biztebleyallıqbızmı? tebleyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to trample? | siztebleyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to trample? | alatebleyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to trample? |
| Ability — future II | mentebleyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to trample? | sentebleyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to trample? | oltebleyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to trample? | biztebleyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to trample? | siztebleyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to trample? | alatebleyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to trample? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentebleyalır edimtebleyalır emI would be able to trample | sentebleyalır ediŋtebleyalır eŋyou would be able to trample | oltebleyalır editebleyalır edhe would be able to trample | biztebleyalır ediktebleyalır ekwe would be able to trample | siztebleyalır edigiztebleyalır egizyou all would be able to trample | alatebleyalır ediletebleyalır ellethey would be able to trample |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentebleyalmaz edimtebleyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to trample | sentebleyalmaz ediŋtebleyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to trample | oltebleyalmaz editebleyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to trample | biztebleyalmaz ediktebleyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to trample | siztebleyalmaz edigiztebleyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to trample | alatebleyalmaz ediletebleyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to trample |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentebleyalğıntebleyalğımay you be able to trample | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentebleyalmağıntebleyalmağımay you not be able to trample | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menteblerge izleymeI want to trample | senteblerge izleyseyou want to trample | olteblerge izleydihe wants to trample | bizteblerge izleybizwe want to trample | sizteblerge izleysizyou all want to trample | alateblerge izleydilethey want to trample |
| want to | menteblerge izlemeymeI do not want to trample | senteblerge izlemeyseyou do not want to trample | olteblerge izlemeydihe does not want to trample | bizteblerge izlemeybizwe do not want to trample | sizteblerge izlemeysizyou all do not want to trample | alateblerge izlemeydilethey do not want to trample |
| would like to | menteblerge süemeI would like to trample | senteblerge süeseyou would like to trample | olteblerge süedihe would like to trample | bizteblerge süebizwe would like to trample | sizteblerge süesizyou all would like to trample | alateblerge süedilethey would like to trample |
| would like to | menteblerge süymeymeI would not like to trample | senteblerge süymeyseyou would not like to trample | olteblerge süymeydihe would not like to trample | bizteblerge süymeybizwe would not like to trample | sizteblerge süymeysizyou all would not like to trample | alateblerge süymeydilethey would not like to trample |
| hope to | menteblerge umutlanamaI hope to trample | senteblerge umutlanasayou hope to trample | olteblerge umutlanadıhe hopes to trample | bizteblerge umutlanabızwe hope to trample | sizteblerge umutlanasızyou all hope to trample | alateblerge umutlanadılathey hope to trample |
| hope to | menteblerge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to trample | senteblerge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to trample | olteblerge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to trample | bizteblerge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to trample | sizteblerge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to trample | alateblerge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to trample |
| be about to | menteblerge deb turamaI am about to trample | senteblerge deb turasayou are about to trample | olteblerge deb turadıhe is about to trample | bizteblerge deb turabızwe are about to trample | sizteblerge deb turasızyou all are about to trample | alateblerge deb turadılathey are about to trample |
| be about to | menteblerge deb turmaymaI am not about to trample | senteblerge deb turmaysayou are not about to trample | olteblerge deb turmaydıhe is not about to trample | bizteblerge deb turmaybızwe are not about to trample | sizteblerge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to trample | alateblerge deb turmaydılathey are not about to trample |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menteblerge kerekmeI need to trample | senteblerge kerekseyou need to trample | olteblerge kerekdihe needs to trample | bizteblerge kerekbizwe need to trample | sizteblerge kereksizyou all need to trample | alateblerge kerekdilethey need to trample |
| need to | menteblerge kerek tülmeI do not need to trample | senteblerge kerek tülseyou do not need to trample | olteblerge kerek tüldühe does not need to trample | bizteblerge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to trample | sizteblerge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to trample | alateblerge kerek tüldülethey do not need to trample |
| have to | menmenŋe teblerge tüşediI have to trample | sensenŋe teblerge tüşediyou have to trample | olaŋa teblerge tüşedihe has to trample | bizbizge teblerge tüşediwe have to trample | sizsizge teblerge tüşediyou all have to trample | alaalağa teblerge tüşedithey have to trample |
| have to | menmenŋe teblerge tüşmeydiI do not have to trample | sensenŋe teblerge tüşmeydiyou do not have to trample | olaŋa teblerge tüşmeydihe does not have to trample | bizbizge teblerge tüşmeydiwe do not have to trample | sizsizge teblerge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to trample | alaalağa teblerge tüşmeydithey do not have to trample |
| be obliged to | menteblerge borçlumaI am obliged to trample | senteblerge borçlusayou are obliged to trample | olteblerge borçluduhe is obliged to trample | bizteblerge borçlubuzwe are obliged to trample | sizteblerge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to trample | alateblerge borçludulathey are obliged to trample |
| be obliged to | menteblerge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to trample | senteblerge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to trample | olteblerge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to trample | bizteblerge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to trample | sizteblerge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to trample | alateblerge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to trample |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menteblerge madarım bardıI have a way to trample | senteblerge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to trample | olteblerge madarı bardıhe has a way to trample | bizteblerge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to trample | sizteblerge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to trample | alateblerge madarları bardıthey have a way to trample |
| have a way to | menteblerge madarım joqduI have no way to trample | senteblerge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to trample | olteblerge madarı joqduhe has no way to trample | bizteblerge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to trample | sizteblerge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to trample | alateblerge madarları joqduthey have no way to trample |
| be free to | menteblerge erkinligim bardıI am free to trample | senteblerge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to trample | olteblerge erkinligi bardıhe is free to trample | bizteblerge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to trample | sizteblerge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to trample | alateblerge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to trample |
| be free to | menteblerge erkinligim joqduI am not free to trample | senteblerge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to trample | olteblerge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to trample | bizteblerge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to trample | sizteblerge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to trample | alateblerge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to trample |
| be possible to | menmenŋe teblerge bolluqduit is possible for me to trample | sensenŋe teblerge bolluqduit is possible for you to trample | olaŋa teblerge bolluqduit is possible for him to trample | bizbizge teblerge bolluqduit is possible for us to trample | sizsizge teblerge bolluqduit is possible for you all to trample | alaalağa teblerge bolluqduit is possible for them to trample |
| be possible to | menmenŋe teblerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to trample | sensenŋe teblerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to trample | olaŋa teblerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to trample | bizbizge teblerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to trample | sizsizge teblerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to trample | alaalağa teblerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to trample |
| be ready to | menteblerge hazırmaI am ready to trample | senteblerge hazırsayou are ready to trample | olteblerge hazırdıhe is ready to trample | bizteblerge hazırbızwe are ready to trample | sizteblerge hazırsızyou all are ready to trample | alateblerge hazırdılathey are ready to trample |
| be ready to | menteblerge hazır tülmeI am not ready to trample | senteblerge hazır tülseyou are not ready to trample | olteblerge hazır tüldühe is not ready to trample | bizteblerge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to trample | sizteblerge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to trample | alateblerge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to trample |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menteblerge küreşemeI am trying to trample | senteblerge küreşeseyou are trying to trample | olteblerge küreşedihe is trying to trample | bizteblerge küreşebizwe are trying to trample | sizteblerge küreşesizyou all are trying to trample | alateblerge küreşedilethey are trying to trample |
| try to | menteblerge küreşmeymeI am not trying to trample | senteblerge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to trample | olteblerge küreşmeydihe is not trying to trample | bizteblerge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to trample | sizteblerge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to trample | alateblerge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to trample |
| agree to | menteblerge unaymaI agree to trample | senteblerge unaysayou agree to trample | olteblerge unaydıhe agrees to trample | bizteblerge unaybızwe agree to trample | sizteblerge unaysızyou all agree to trample | alateblerge unaydılathey agree to trample |
| agree to | menteblerge unamaymaI refuse to trample | senteblerge unamaysayou refuse to trample | olteblerge unamaydıhe refuses to trample | bizteblerge unamaybızwe refuse to trample | sizteblerge unamaysızyou all refuse to trample | alateblerge unamaydılathey refuse to trample |
| hurry to | menteblerge aşığamaI am in a hurry to trample | senteblerge aşığasayou are in a hurry to trample | olteblerge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to trample | bizteblerge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to trample | sizteblerge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to trample | alateblerge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to trample |
| hurry to | menteblerge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to trample | senteblerge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to trample | olteblerge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to trample | bizteblerge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to trample | sizteblerge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to trample | alateblerge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to trample |
| be afraid to | menteblerge qorqamaI am afraid to trample | senteblerge qorqasayou are afraid to trample | olteblerge qorqadıhe is afraid to trample | bizteblerge qorqabızwe are afraid to trample | sizteblerge qorqasızyou all are afraid to trample | alateblerge qorqadılathey are afraid to trample |
| be afraid to | menteblerge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to trample | senteblerge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to trample | olteblerge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to trample | bizteblerge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to trample | sizteblerge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to trample | alateblerge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to trample |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentebley bolmazmaI can't be trampling | sentebley bolmazsayou can't be trampling | oltebley bolmazhe can't be trampling | biztebley bolmazbızwe can't be trampling | siztebley bolmazsızyou all can't be trampling | alatebley bolmazlathey can't be trampling |
| Inference, present — double negation | menteblemey bolmazmaI must be trampling (emphatic) | senteblemey bolmazsayou must be trampling (emphatic) | olteblemey bolmazhe must be trampling (emphatic) | bizteblemey bolmazbızwe must be trampling (emphatic) | sizteblemey bolmazsızyou all must be trampling (emphatic) | alateblemey bolmazlathey must be trampling (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentebley turmasamif I don't keep trampling | sentebley turmasaŋif you don't keep trampling | oltebley turmasaif he doesn't keep trampling | biztebley turmasaqif we don't keep trampling | siztebley turmasağızif you all don't keep trampling | alatebley turmasalaif they don't keep trampling |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentebley tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of trampling | sentebley tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of trampling | oltebley tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of trampling | biztebley tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of trampling | siztebley tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of trampling | alatebley tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of trampling |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menteblemey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not trampling (emphatic) | senteblemey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not trampling (emphatic) | olteblemey tura bolmazhe must keep on not trampling (emphatic) | bizteblemey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not trampling (emphatic) | sizteblemey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not trampling (emphatic) | alateblemey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not trampling (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menteblemey turamaI keep on not trampling | senteblemey turasayou keep on not trampling | olteblemey turadıhe keeps on not trampling | bizteblemey turabızwe keep on not trampling | sizteblemey turasızyou all keep on not trampling | alateblemey turadılathey keep on not trampling |
| Progressive — double negation | menteblemey turmaymaI am not keeping on not trampling | senteblemey turmaysayou are not keeping on not trampling | olteblemey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not trampling | bizteblemey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not trampling | sizteblemey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not trampling | alateblemey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not trampling |
| Progressive — double negation | menteblemey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not trampling? | senteblemey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not trampling? | olteblemey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not trampling? | bizteblemey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not trampling? | sizteblemey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not trampling? | alateblemey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not trampling? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menteblegen bolmazmaI can't have trampled | senteblegen bolmazsayou can't have trampled | olteblegen bolmazhe can't have trampled | bizteblegen bolmazbızwe can't have trampled | sizteblegen bolmazsızyou all can't have trampled | alateblegen bolmazlathey can't have trampled |
| Inference — double negation | menteblemegen bolmazmaI must have trampled (emphatic) | senteblemegen bolmazsayou must have trampled (emphatic) | olteblemegen bolmazhe must have trampled (emphatic) | bizteblemegen bolmazbızwe must have trampled (emphatic) | sizteblemegen bolmazsızyou all must have trampled (emphatic) | alateblemegen bolmazlathey must have trampled (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menteblegen bolmasamif it weren't that I had trampled | senteblegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had trampled | olteblegen bolmasaif it weren't that he had trampled | bizteblegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had trampled | sizteblegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had trampled | alateblegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had trampled |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menteblemegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't trampled | senteblemegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't trampled | olteblemegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't trampled | bizteblemegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't trampled | sizteblemegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't trampled | alateblemegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't trampled |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menteblerik bolmazmaI can't be going to trample | senteblerik bolmazsayou can't be going to trample | olteblerik bolmazhe can't be going to trample | bizteblerik bolmazbızwe can't be going to trample | sizteblerik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to trample | alateblerik bolmazlathey can't be going to trample |
| Inference, future — double negation | menteblemezlik bolmazmaI must be going to trample (emphatic) | senteblemezlik bolmazsayou must be going to trample (emphatic) | olteblemezlik bolmazhe must be going to trample (emphatic) | bizteblemezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to trample (emphatic) | sizteblemezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to trample (emphatic) | alateblemezlik bolmazlathey must be going to trample (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menteblerik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to trample | senteblerik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to trample | olteblerik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to trample | bizteblerik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to trample | sizteblerik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to trample | alateblerik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to trample |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menteblemezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to trample | senteblemezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to trample | olteblemezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to trample | bizteblemezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to trample | sizteblemezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to trample | alateblemezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to trample |