qatarğa
/qatarʁa/
1. harden, set, grow firm, grow strong
- buz miyalaça qathandı — the ice has hardened like glass
- kiyiz alqın qatmağandı — the felt has not hardened yet
- süegi, sanı qathan jaş — a lad grown strong in bone and body
- qar qatadı — the snow is setting hard
2. dry out, dry up, go stiff and dry — of fruit, leather, hide, or skin
- kögetle qathandıla — the fruits have dried up
- teri qathandı — the hide has dried stiff
- künde teri qatadı — a hide goes stiff in the sun
- çuruqla qathandıla — the boots have gone hard
3. go stale, go hard — of bread or pastries
- ötmek qathandı — the bread has gone stale
- qathan loqumla — stale pastries
- ötmek qatıb qalğandı — the bread has gone stale
4. dry onto, stick fast — of mud or dirt drying onto clothes
- etegine batmaq qathandı — mud has dried onto his hem
- qan kölegine qathandı — blood has dried onto his shirt
- çuruqlağa batmaq qathandı — mud has dried onto the boots
5. press close to, cling to — used with the dative; often in the phrase qatıb qalırğa one source
- qabırğağa qatıb turadı — he is pressed close to the wall
6. be tempered, be hardened
- qathan qurç — tempered steel
- temir qathandı — the iron has been hardened
- qurç otda qatadı — steel is tempered in the fire
7. ripen, come to maturity — of grain one source
- aşlıq qathandı — the grain has ripened
- buday qatdı — the wheat has ripened
- aşlıq endi qatadı — the grain is ripening now
8. fix one's eyes on, stare fixedly
- sabiyle televizorğa qatıb qaldıla — the children stared fixedly at the television
- suratha qatıb qaldım — I stared fixedly at the picture
- közleri aŋa qatdıla — his eyes fastened on it
9. freeze, stand rooted to the spot, go rigid
- sın qatıb turadı — he stands rooted to the spot
- ol qatıb qaldı — he stood rooted to the spot
- jerinde qatdı — he froze where he stood
- qorqğandan qatdı — he went rigid with fright
10. go numb, stiffen with cold — of the body or limbs; the cause takes the ablative, as in suwuqdan qatarğa one source
- suwuqdan qatarğa — to go numb with cold
- qollarım suwuqdan qatdıla — my hands went numb from the cold
11. suffer greatly — of hunger, cold, and the like one source
- açdan qatadı — he suffers greatly from hunger
- suwuqdan qatdıla — they suffered greatly from the cold
- biz açdan qathanbız — we have suffered greatly from hunger
12. die — most often said of a child
- anı sabiyi qathandı — his child has died
- jaş sabiy qathandı — a young child has died
13. become hardened, become embittered — of the heart, as in jüregim qathandı one source
- jüregim qathandı — my heart has become embittered
- anı jüregi qathandı — his heart has become hardened
14. grip, hold fast — of a weapon such as a bow or a rifle one source
- mıltığına qatdı — he gripped his rifle
- sadağına qatıb turadı — he is holding fast to his bow
- sadaqlağa qatığız — hold fast to the bows
15. spin, rotate rapidly one source
- hoynuhça qatarğa — to spin like a top
- hoynuhça qatadı — it spins like a top
Expressions
- artı bla allı birge qatarğa — skin and bones
- içi artına qatarğa — waste away
- janıŋa qatayım — may I die first
- jüregi qatarğa — be deeply hurt
Conjugation
Common forms
- qatadıhe is hardening
- qatdıhe hardened
- qathandıhe has hardened
- qatarhe will harden
- qatarıqdıhe is going to harden
- qata edihe was hardening
- qatsaif he hardens
- qat!harden!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqatamaI am hardening | senqatasayou are hardening | olqatadıhe is hardening | bizqatabızwe are hardening | sizqatasızyou all are hardening | alaqatadılathey are hardening |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqatmaymaI am not hardening | senqatmaysayou are not hardening | olqatmaydıhe is not hardening | bizqatmaybızwe are not hardening | sizqatmaysızyou all are not hardening | alaqatmaydılathey are not hardening |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqatamamı? qatamıma?am I hardening? | senqatamısa?are you hardening? | olqatamıdı?is he hardening? | bizqatabızmı? qatamıbız?are we hardening? | sizqatamısız?are you all hardening? | alaqatamıdıla?are they hardening? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqatmaymamı? qatmaymıma?aren't I hardening? | senqatmaymısa?aren't you hardening? | olqatmaymıdı?isn't he hardening? | bizqatmaybızmı? qatmaymıbız?aren't we hardening? | sizqatmaymısız?aren't you all hardening? | alaqatmaymıdıla?aren't they hardening? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqatıwçanmaI usually harden | senqatıwçansayou usually harden | olqatıwçandıhe usually hardens | bizqatıwçanbızwe usually harden | sizqatıwçansızyou all usually harden | alaqatıwçandılathey usually harden |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqatmawçanmaI usually don't harden | senqatmawçansayou usually don't harden | olqatmawçandıhe usually doesn't harden | bizqatmawçanbızwe usually don't harden | sizqatmawçansızyou all usually don't harden | alaqatmawçandılathey usually don't harden |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqatıwçanmamı? qatıwçanmıma?do I usually harden? | senqatıwçanmısa?do you usually harden? | olqatıwçanmıdı?does he usually harden? | bizqatıwçanbızmı? qatıwçanmıbız?do we usually harden? | sizqatıwçanmısız?do you all usually harden? | alaqatıwçanmıdıla?do they usually harden? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqatmawçanmamı? qatmawçanmıma?do I usually not harden? | senqatmawçanmısa?do you usually not harden? | olqatmawçanmıdı?does he usually not harden? | bizqatmawçanbızmı? qatmawçanmıbız?do we usually not harden? | sizqatmawçanmısız?do you all usually not harden? | alaqatmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not harden? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqatıbdıhe has hardened and remains so | alaqatıbdılathey have hardened and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqatıbmıdı?has he hardened? | alaqatıbmıdıla?have they hardened? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqatıb turamaI keep hardening | senqatıb turasayou keep hardening | olqatıb turadıhe keeps hardening | bizqatıb turabızwe keep hardening | sizqatıb turasızyou all keep hardening | alaqatıb turadılathey keep hardening |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqatıb turmaymaI don't keep hardening | senqatıb turmaysayou don't keep hardening | olqatıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep hardening | bizqatıb turmaybızwe don't keep hardening | sizqatıb turmaysızyou all don't keep hardening | alaqatıb turmaydılathey don't keep hardening |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqatıb turamamı? qatıb turamıma?do I keep hardening? | senqatıb turamısa?do you keep hardening? | olqatıb turamıdı?does he keep hardening? | bizqatıb turabızmı? qatıb turamıbız?do we keep hardening? | sizqatıb turamısız?do you all keep hardening? | alaqatıb turamıdıla?do they keep hardening? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqatıb turmaymamı? qatıb turmaymıma?don't I keep hardening? | senqatıb turmaymısa?don't you keep hardening? | olqatıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep hardening? | bizqatıb turmaybızmı? qatıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep hardening? | sizqatıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep hardening? | alaqatıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep hardening? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqata turamaI am in the middle of hardening | senqata turasayou are in the middle of hardening | olqata turadıhe is in the middle of hardening | bizqata turabızwe are in the middle of hardening | sizqata turasızyou all are in the middle of hardening | alaqata turadılathey are in the middle of hardening |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqata turmaymaI am not in the middle of hardening | senqata turmaysayou are not in the middle of hardening | olqata turmaydıhe is not in the middle of hardening | bizqata turmaybızwe are not in the middle of hardening | sizqata turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of hardening | alaqata turmaydılathey are not in the middle of hardening |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqata turamamı? qata turamıma?am I in the middle of hardening? | senqata turamısa?are you in the middle of hardening? | olqata turamıdı?is he in the middle of hardening? | bizqata turabızmı? qata turamıbız?are we in the middle of hardening? | sizqata turamısız?are you all in the middle of hardening? | alaqata turamıdıla?are they in the middle of hardening? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqata turmaymamı? qata turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of hardening? | senqata turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of hardening? | olqata turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of hardening? | bizqata turmaybızmı? qata turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of hardening? | sizqata turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of hardening? | alaqata turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of hardening? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqatdımI hardened | senqatdıŋyou hardened | olqatdıhe hardened | bizqatdıqwe hardened | sizqatdığızyou all hardened | alaqatdılathey hardened |
| Simple past (definite) | menqatmadımI didn't harden | senqatmadıŋyou didn't harden | olqatmadıhe didn't harden | bizqatmadıqwe didn't harden | sizqatmadığızyou all didn't harden | alaqatmadılathey didn't harden |
| Simple past (definite) | menqatdımmı?did I harden? | senqatdıŋmı?did you harden? | olqatdımı?did he harden? | bizqatdıqmı?did we harden? | sizqatdığızmı?did you all harden? | alaqatdılamı?did they harden? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqatmadımmı?didn't I harden? | senqatmadıŋmı?didn't you harden? | olqatmadımı?didn't he harden? | bizqatmadıqmı?didn't we harden? | sizqatmadığızmı?didn't you all harden? | alaqatmadılamı?didn't they harden? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqathanmaI have hardened | senqathansayou have hardened | olqathandıhe has hardened | bizqathanbızwe have hardened | sizqathansızyou all have hardened | alaqathandılathey have hardened |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqatmağanmaI haven't hardened | senqatmağansayou haven't hardened | olqatmağandıhe hasn't hardened | bizqatmağanbızwe haven't hardened | sizqatmağansızyou all haven't hardened | alaqatmağandılathey haven't hardened |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqathanmamı? qathanmıma?have I hardened? | senqathanmısa?have you hardened? | olqathanmıdı?has he hardened? | bizqathanbızmı? qathanmıbız?have we hardened? | sizqathanmısız?have you all hardened? | alaqathanmıdıla?have they hardened? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqatmağanmamı? qatmağanmıma?haven't I hardened? | senqatmağanmısa?haven't you hardened? | olqatmağanmıdı?hasn't he hardened? | bizqatmağanbızmı? qatmağanmıbız?haven't we hardened? | sizqatmağanmısız?haven't you all hardened? | alaqatmağanmıdıla?haven't they hardened? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqatıb turdumI kept hardening | senqatıb turduŋyou kept hardening | olqatıb turduhe kept hardening | bizqatıb turduqwe kept hardening | sizqatıb turduğuzyou all kept hardening | alaqatıb turdulathey kept hardening |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqatıb turmadımI didn't keep hardening | senqatıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep hardening | olqatıb turmadıhe didn't keep hardening | bizqatıb turmadıqwe didn't keep hardening | sizqatıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep hardening | alaqatıb turmadılathey didn't keep hardening |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqatarmaI will harden | senqatarsayou will harden | olqatarhe will harden | bizqatarbızwe will harden | sizqatarsızyou all will harden | alaqatarlathey will harden |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqatmazmaI won't harden | senqatmazsayou won't harden | olqatmazhe won't harden | bizqatmazbızwe won't harden | sizqatmazsızyou all won't harden | alaqatmazlathey won't harden |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqatarmamı? qatarmıma?will I harden? | senqatarmısa?will you harden? | olqatarmı?will he harden? | bizqatarbızmı? qatarmıbız?will we harden? | sizqatarmısız?will you all harden? | alaqatarlamı? qatarmıla?will they harden? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqatmazmamı? qatmazmıma?won't I harden? | senqatmazmısa?won't you harden? | olqatmazmı?won't he harden? | bizqatmazbızmı? qatmazmıbız?won't we harden? | sizqatmazmısız?won't you all harden? | alaqatmazlamı? qatmazmıla?won't they harden? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqatarıqmaI am going to harden | senqatarıqsayou are going to harden | olqatarıqdıhe is going to harden | bizqatarıqbızwe are going to harden | sizqatarıqsızyou all are going to harden | alaqatarıqdılathey are going to harden |
| Definite future (future II) | menqatarıq tülmeI am not going to harden | senqatarıq tülseyou are not going to harden | olqatarıq tüldühe is not going to harden | bizqatarıq tülbüzwe are not going to harden | sizqatarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to harden | alaqatarıq tüldülethey are not going to harden |
| Definite future (future II) | menqatarıqmamı? qatarıqmıma?am I going to harden? | senqatarıqmısa?are you going to harden? | olqatarıqmıdı?is he going to harden? | bizqatarıqbızmı? qatarıqmıbız?are we going to harden? | sizqatarıqmısız?are you all going to harden? | alaqatarıqmıdıla?are they going to harden? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqatarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to harden? | senqatarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to harden? | olqatarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to harden? | bizqatarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to harden? | sizqatarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to harden? | alaqatarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to harden? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqathan edimqathanemI had hardened | senqathan ediŋqathaneŋyou had hardened | olqathan ediqathanedhe had hardened | bizqathan edikqathanekwe had hardened | sizqathan edigizqathanegizyou all had hardened | alaqathan edileqathanellethey had hardened |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqatmağan edimqatmağanemI hadn't hardened | senqatmağan ediŋqatmağaneŋyou hadn't hardened | olqatmağan ediqatmağanedhe hadn't hardened | bizqatmağan edikqatmağanekwe hadn't hardened | sizqatmağan edigizqatmağanegizyou all hadn't hardened | alaqatmağan edileqatmağanellethey hadn't hardened |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqata edimqataemI was hardening | senqata ediŋqataeŋyou were hardening | olqata ediqataedhe was hardening | bizqata edikqataekwe were hardening | sizqata edigizqataegizyou all were hardening | alaqata edileqataellethey were hardening |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqatmay edimqatmayemI wasn't hardening | senqatmay ediŋqatmayeŋyou weren't hardening | olqatmay ediqatmayedhe wasn't hardening | bizqatmay edikqatmayekwe weren't hardening | sizqatmay edigizqatmayegizyou all weren't hardening | alaqatmay edileqatmayellethey weren't hardening |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menqatıwçan edimqatıwçanemI used to harden | senqatıwçan ediŋqatıwçaneŋyou used to harden | olqatıwçan ediqatıwçanedhe used to harden | bizqatıwçan edikqatıwçanekwe used to harden | sizqatıwçan edigizqatıwçanegizyou all used to harden | alaqatıwçan edileqatıwçanellethey used to harden |
| Habitual past (used to) | menqatmawçan edimqatmawçanemI didn't use to harden | senqatmawçan ediŋqatmawçaneŋyou didn't use to harden | olqatmawçan ediqatmawçanedhe didn't use to harden | bizqatmawçan edikqatmawçanekwe didn't use to harden | sizqatmawçan edigizqatmawçanegizyou all didn't use to harden | alaqatmawçan edileqatmawçanellethey didn't use to harden |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqatıb edihe had hardened and remained so | alaqatıb edilethey had hardened and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqatıb tül edihe hadn't hardened | alaqatıb tül edilethey hadn't hardened | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqatıb tura edimqatıb turaemI had kept hardening | senqatıb tura ediŋqatıb turaeŋyou had kept hardening | olqatıb tura ediqatıb turaedhe had kept hardening | bizqatıb tura edikqatıb turaekwe had kept hardening | sizqatıb tura edigizqatıb turaegizyou all had kept hardening | alaqatıb tura edileqatıb turaellethey had kept hardening |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqatıb turmay edimqatıb turmayemI hadn't kept hardening | senqatıb turmay ediŋqatıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept hardening | olqatıb turmay ediqatıb turmayedhe hadn't kept hardening | bizqatıb turmay edikqatıb turmayekwe hadn't kept hardening | sizqatıb turmay edigizqatıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept hardening | alaqatıb turmay edileqatıb turmayellethey hadn't kept hardening |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqata tura edimqata turaemI was in the middle of hardening | senqata tura ediŋqata turaeŋyou were in the middle of hardening | olqata tura ediqata turaedhe was in the middle of hardening | bizqata tura edikqata turaekwe were in the middle of hardening | sizqata tura edigizqata turaegizyou all were in the middle of hardening | alaqata tura edileqata turaellethey were in the middle of hardening |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqata turmay edimqata turmayemI wasn't in the middle of hardening | senqata turmay ediŋqata turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of hardening | olqata turmay ediqata turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of hardening | bizqata turmay edikqata turmayekwe weren't in the middle of hardening | sizqata turmay edigizqata turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of hardening | alaqata turmay edileqata turmayellethey weren't in the middle of hardening |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menqatar edimqatar emI would harden | senqatar ediŋqatar eŋyou would harden | olqatar ediqatar edhe would harden | bizqatar edikqatar ekwe would harden | sizqatar edigizqatar egizyou all would harden | alaqatar edileqatar ellethey would harden |
| Conditional result (would) | menqatmaz edimqatmaz emI wouldn't harden | senqatmaz ediŋqatmaz eŋyou wouldn't harden | olqatmaz ediqatmaz edhe wouldn't harden | bizqatmaz edikqatmaz ekwe wouldn't harden | sizqatmaz edigizqatmaz egizyou all wouldn't harden | alaqatmaz edileqatmaz ellethey wouldn't harden |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqatarıq edimqatarıq emI would have hardened | senqatarıq ediŋqatarıq eŋyou would have hardened | olqatarıq ediqatarıq edhe would have hardened | bizqatarıq edikqatarıq ekwe would have hardened | sizqatarıq edigizqatarıq egizyou all would have hardened | alaqatarıq edileqatarıq ellethey would have hardened |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqatarıq tül edimqatarıq tül emI wouldn't have hardened | senqatarıq tül ediŋqatarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have hardened | olqatarıq tül ediqatarıq tül edhe wouldn't have hardened | bizqatarıq tül edikqatarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have hardened | sizqatarıq tül edigizqatarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have hardened | alaqatarıq tül edileqatarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have hardened |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menqatsamif I harden | senqatsaŋif you harden | olqatsaif he hardens | bizqatsaqif we harden | sizqatsağızif you all harden | alaqatsalaif they harden |
| Conditional | menqatmasamif I don't harden | senqatmasaŋif you don't harden | olqatmasaif he doesn't harden | bizqatmasaqif we don't harden | sizqatmasağızif you all don't harden | alaqatmasalaif they don't harden |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menqata esemif I am hardening | senqata eseŋif you are hardening | olqata eseif he is hardening | bizqata esekif we are hardening | sizqata esegizif you all are hardening | alaqata eseleif they are hardening |
| Conditional, present real | menqatmay esemif I am not hardening | senqatmay eseŋif you are not hardening | olqatmay eseif he is not hardening | bizqatmay esekif we are not hardening | sizqatmay esegizif you all are not hardening | alaqatmay eseleif they are not hardening |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqatsam ediqatsam edif only I hardened | senqatsaŋ ediqatsaŋ edif only you hardened | olqatsa ediqatsaedif only he hardened | bizqatsaq ediqatsaq edif only we hardened | sizqatsağız ediqatsağız edif only you all hardened | alaqatsala ediqatsalaedif only they hardened |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqatmasam ediqatmasam edif only I didn't harden | senqatmasaŋ ediqatmasaŋ edif only you didn't harden | olqatmasa ediqatmasaedif only he didn't harden | bizqatmasaq ediqatmasaq edif only we didn't harden | sizqatmasağız ediqatmasağız edif only you all didn't harden | alaqatmasala ediqatmasalaedif only they didn't harden |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menqatıb tursamif I carry on hardening | senqatıb tursaŋif you carry on hardening | olqatıb tursaif he carries on hardening | bizqatıb tursaqif we carry on hardening | sizqatıb tursağızif you all carry on hardening | alaqatıb tursalaif they carry on hardening |
| Durative conditional | menqatıb turmasamif I don't carry on hardening | senqatıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on hardening | olqatıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on hardening | bizqatıb turmasaqif we don't carry on hardening | sizqatıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on hardening | alaqatıb turmasalaif they don't carry on hardening |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menqatıb tura esemif I have kept hardening | senqatıb tura eseŋif you have kept hardening | olqatıb tura eseif he has kept hardening | bizqatıb tura esekif we have kept hardening | sizqatıb tura esegizif you all have kept hardening | alaqatıb tura eseleif they have kept hardening |
| Durative conditional, present real | menqatıb turmay esemif I haven't kept hardening | senqatıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept hardening | olqatıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept hardening | bizqatıb turmay esekif we haven't kept hardening | sizqatıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept hardening | alaqatıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept hardening |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menqata tursamif I keep hardening | senqata tursaŋif you keep hardening | olqata tursaif he keeps hardening | bizqata tursaqif we keep hardening | sizqata tursağızif you all keep hardening | alaqata tursalaif they keep hardening |
| Progressive conditional | menqatmay tursamif I keep on not hardening | senqatmay tursaŋif you keep on not hardening | olqatmay tursaif he keeps on not hardening | bizqatmay tursaqif we keep on not hardening | sizqatmay tursağızif you all keep on not hardening | alaqatmay tursalaif they keep on not hardening |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqata tura esemif I am in the middle of hardening | senqata tura eseŋif you are in the middle of hardening | olqata tura eseif he is in the middle of hardening | bizqata tura esekif we are in the middle of hardening | sizqata tura esegizif you all are in the middle of hardening | alaqata tura eseleif they are in the middle of hardening |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqatmay tura esemif I keep on not hardening | senqatmay tura eseŋif you keep on not hardening | olqatmay tura eseif he keeps on not hardening | bizqatmay tura esekif we keep on not hardening | sizqatmay tura esegizif you all keep on not hardening | alaqatmay tura eseleif they keep on not hardening |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqatdım esemif I hardened | senqatdıŋ eseŋif you hardened | olqatdı eseif he hardened | bizqatdıq esekif we hardened | sizqatdığız esegizif you all hardened | alaqatdıla eseleif they hardened |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqatmadım esemif I didn't harden | senqatmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't harden | olqatmadı eseif he didn't harden | bizqatmadıq esekif we didn't harden | sizqatmadığız esegizif you all didn't harden | alaqatmadıla eseleif they didn't harden |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menqathan esemif I did harden (indeed) | senqathan eseŋif you did harden (indeed) | olqathan eseif he did harden (indeed) | bizqathan esekif we did harden (indeed) | sizqathan esegizif you all did harden (indeed) | alaqathan eseleif they did harden (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menqatmağan esemif I didn't harden (indeed) | senqatmağan eseŋif you didn't harden (indeed) | olqatmağan eseif he didn't harden (indeed) | bizqatmağan esekif we didn't harden (indeed) | sizqatmağan esegizif you all didn't harden (indeed) | alaqatmağan eseleif they didn't harden (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqathan bolsamif I had hardened | senqathan bolsaŋif you had hardened | olqathan bolsaif he had hardened | bizqathan bolsaqif we had hardened | sizqathan bolsağızif you all had hardened | alaqathan bolsalaif they had hardened |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqatmağan bolsamif I hadn't hardened | senqatmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't hardened | olqatmağan bolsaif he hadn't hardened | bizqatmağan bolsaqif we hadn't hardened | sizqatmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't hardened | alaqatmağan bolsalaif they hadn't hardened |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqathan bolsam ediqathan bolsam edif only I had hardened | senqathan bolsaŋ ediqathan bolsaŋ edif only you had hardened | olqathan bolsa ediqathan bolsaedif only he had hardened | bizqathan bolsaq ediqathan bolsaq edif only we had hardened | sizqathan bolsağız ediqathan bolsağız edif only you all had hardened | alaqathan bolsala ediqathan bolsalaedif only they had hardened |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqatmağan bolsam ediqatmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't hardened | senqatmağan bolsaŋ ediqatmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't hardened | olqatmağan bolsa ediqatmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't hardened | bizqatmağan bolsaq ediqatmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't hardened | sizqatmağan bolsağız ediqatmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't hardened | alaqatmağan bolsala ediqatmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't hardened |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menqatar esemif I will harden | senqatar eseŋif you will harden | olqatar eseif he will harden | bizqatar esekif we will harden | sizqatar esegizif you all will harden | alaqatar eseleif they will harden |
| Conditional, aorist | menqatmaz esemif I won't harden | senqatmaz eseŋif you won't harden | olqatmaz eseif he won't harden | bizqatmaz esekif we won't harden | sizqatmaz esegizif you all won't harden | alaqatmaz eseleif they won't harden |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menqatarıq esemif I am going to harden | senqatarıq eseŋif you are going to harden | olqatarıq eseif he is going to harden | bizqatarıq esekif we are going to harden | sizqatarıq esegizif you all are going to harden | alaqatarıq eseleif they are going to harden |
| Conditional, future | menqatarıq tül esemif I am not going to harden | senqatarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to harden | olqatarıq tül eseif he is not going to harden | bizqatarıq tül esekif we are not going to harden | sizqatarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to harden | alaqatarıq tül eseleif they are not going to harden |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqatarıq bolsamif I were going to harden | senqatarıq bolsaŋif you were going to harden | olqatarıq bolsaif he were going to harden | bizqatarıq bolsaqif we were going to harden | sizqatarıq bolsağızif you all were going to harden | alaqatarıq bolsalaif they were going to harden |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqatmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to harden | senqatmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to harden | olqatmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to harden | bizqatmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to harden | sizqatmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to harden | alaqatmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to harden |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso qatdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqata bolurmaI must be hardening | senqata bolursayou must be hardening | olqata bolurhe must be hardening | bizqata bolurbuzwe must be hardening | sizqata bolursuzyou all must be hardening | alaqata bolurlathey must be hardening |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqatmay bolurmaI must not be hardening | senqatmay bolursayou must not be hardening | olqatmay bolurhe must not be hardening | bizqatmay bolurbuzwe must not be hardening | sizqatmay bolursuzyou all must not be hardening | alaqatmay bolurlathey must not be hardening |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqata tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of hardening | senqata tura bolursayou must be in the middle of hardening | olqata tura bolurhe must be in the middle of hardening | bizqata tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of hardening | sizqata tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of hardening | alaqata tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of hardening |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqatmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not hardening | senqatmay tura bolursayou must keep on not hardening | olqatmay tura bolurhe must keep on not hardening | bizqatmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not hardening | sizqatmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not hardening | alaqatmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not hardening |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menqathan bolurmaI must have hardened | senqathan bolursayou must have hardened | olqathan bolurhe must have hardened | bizqathan bolurbuzwe must have hardened | sizqathan bolursuzyou all must have hardened | alaqathan bolurlathey must have hardened |
| Inference (must have) | menqatmağan bolurmaI must not have hardened | senqatmağan bolursayou must not have hardened | olqatmağan bolurhe must not have hardened | bizqatmağan bolurbuzwe must not have hardened | sizqatmağan bolursuzyou all must not have hardened | alaqatmağan bolurlathey must not have hardened |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqatarıq bolurmaI must be going to harden | senqatarıq bolursayou must be going to harden | olqatarıq bolurhe must be going to harden | bizqatarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to harden | sizqatarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to harden | alaqatarıq bolurlathey must be going to harden |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqatmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to harden | senqatmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to harden | olqatmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to harden | bizqatmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to harden | sizqatmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to harden | alaqatmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to harden |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menqatayımlet me harden | senqat!harden! | olqatsınlet him harden | bizqatayıqlet's harden | sizqatığız!harden, you all! | alaqatsınlalet them harden |
| Commands & suggestions | menqatmayımlet me not harden | senqatma!don't harden! | olqatmasınlet him not harden | bizqatmayıqlet's not harden | sizqatmağız!don't harden, you all! | alaqatmasınlalet them not harden |
| Commands & suggestions | menqatayımmı?shall I harden? | olqatsınmı?should he harden? | bizqatayıqmı?shall we harden? | alaqatsınlamı?should they harden? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menqatmayımmı?shall I not harden? | olqatmasınmı?should he not harden? | bizqatmayıqmı?shall we not harden? | alaqatmasınlamı?should they not harden? | ||
| Requests | senqatçı2qatçınplease harden | olqatsınçıdo let him harden | sizqatçığızplease harden (plural/polite) | alaqatsınlaçıdo let them harden | ||
| Requests | senqatmaçı2qatmaçınplease don't harden | olqatmasınçıdo let him not harden | sizqatmaçığızplease don't harden (plural/polite) | alaqatmasınlaçıdo let them not harden | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqathınqathımay you harden | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqatmağınqatmağımay you not harden | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqathay edim qatha edimwould that I hardened | senqathay ediŋ qatha ediŋwould that you hardened | olqathay edi qatha ediwould that he hardened | bizqathay edik qatha edikwould that we hardened | sizqathay edigiz qatha edigizwould that you all hardened | alaqathay edile qatha edilewould that they hardened |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqatmağay edim qatmağa edimwould that I did not harden | senqatmağay ediŋ qatmağa ediŋwould that you did not harden | olqatmağay edi qatmağa ediwould that he did not harden | bizqatmağay edik qatmağa edikwould that we did not harden | sizqatmağay edigiz qatmağa edigizwould that you all did not harden | alaqatmağay edile qatmağa edilewould that they did not harden |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqatmağa qoyayımqatma qoyayımlet me allow someone to harden | senqatmağa qoy!qatma qoy!let someone harden! | olqatmağa qoysunqatma qoysunlet him allow someone to harden | bizqatmağa qoyayıqqatma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to harden | sizqatmağa qoyuğuz!qatma qoyuğuz!let someone harden, you all! | alaqatmağa qoysunlaqatma qoysunlalet them allow someone to harden |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqatmağa qoymayımqatma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to harden | senqatmağa qoyma!qatma qoyma!don't let someone harden! | olqatmağa qoymasınqatma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to harden | bizqatmağa qoymayıqqatma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to harden | sizqatmağa qoymağız!qatma qoymağız!don't let someone harden, you all! | alaqatmağa qoymasınlaqatma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to harden |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqatmağa qoyayımmı?qatma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to harden? | olqatmağa qoysunmu?qatma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to harden? | bizqatmağa qoyayıqmı?qatma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to harden? | alaqatmağa qoysunlamı?qatma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to harden? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqatmağa qoymayımmı?qatma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to harden? | olqatmağa qoymasınmı?qatma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to harden? | bizqatmağa qoymayıqmı?qatma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to harden? | alaqatmağa qoymasınlamı?qatma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to harden? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menqatmağa qoyamaqatma qoyamaI allow someone to harden | senqatmağa qoyasaqatma qoyasayou allow someone to harden | olqatmağa qoyadıqatma qoyadıhe allows someone to harden | bizqatmağa qoyabızqatma qoyabızwe allow someone to harden | sizqatmağa qoyasızqatma qoyasızyou all allow someone to harden | alaqatmağa qoyadılaqatma qoyadılathey allow someone to harden |
| Let someone… (present) | menqatmağa qoymaymaqatma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to harden | senqatmağa qoymaysaqatma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to harden | olqatmağa qoymaydıqatma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to harden | bizqatmağa qoymaybızqatma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to harden | sizqatmağa qoymaysızqatma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to harden | alaqatmağa qoymaydılaqatma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to harden |
| Let someone… (present) | menqatmağa qoyamamı?qatma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to harden? | senqatmağa qoyamısa?qatma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to harden? | olqatmağa qoyamıdı?qatma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to harden? | bizqatmağa qoyabızmı?qatma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to harden? | sizqatmağa qoyamısız?qatma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to harden? | alaqatmağa qoyamıdıla?qatma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to harden? |
| Let someone… (present) | menqatmağa qoymaymamı?qatma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to harden? | senqatmağa qoymaymısa?qatma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to harden? | olqatmağa qoymaymıdı?qatma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to harden? | bizqatmağa qoymaybızmı?qatma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to harden? | sizqatmağa qoymaymısız?qatma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to harden? | alaqatmağa qoymaymıdıla?qatma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to harden? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqatmağa qoydumqatma qoydumI allowed someone to harden | senqatmağa qoyduŋqatma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to harden | olqatmağa qoyduqatma qoyduhe allowed someone to harden | bizqatmağa qoyduqqatma qoyduqwe allowed someone to harden | sizqatmağa qoyduğuzqatma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to harden | alaqatmağa qoydulaqatma qoydulathey allowed someone to harden |
| Let someone… (past) | menqatmağa qoymadımqatma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to harden | senqatmağa qoymadıŋqatma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to harden | olqatmağa qoymadıqatma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to harden | bizqatmağa qoymadıqqatma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to harden | sizqatmağa qoymadığızqatma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to harden | alaqatmağa qoymadılaqatma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to harden |
| Let someone… (past) | menqatmağa qoydummu?qatma qoydummu?did I allow someone to harden? | senqatmağa qoyduŋmu?qatma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to harden? | olqatmağa qoydumu?qatma qoydumu?did he allow someone to harden? | bizqatmağa qoyduqmu?qatma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to harden? | sizqatmağa qoyduğuzmu?qatma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to harden? | alaqatmağa qoydulamı?qatma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to harden? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqatmağa qoymadımmı?qatma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to harden? | senqatmağa qoymadıŋmı?qatma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to harden? | olqatmağa qoymadımı?qatma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to harden? | bizqatmağa qoymadıqmı?qatma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to harden? | sizqatmağa qoymadığızmı?qatma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to harden? | alaqatmağa qoymadılamı?qatma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to harden? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
qatalırğa be able to harden · qatalmazğa be unable to harden
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menqatalamaI can harden | senqatalasayou can harden | olqataladıhe can harden | bizqatalabızwe can harden | sizqatalasızyou all can harden | alaqataladılathey can harden |
| Ability — present | menqatalmaymaI can't harden | senqatalmaysayou can't harden | olqatalmaydıhe can't harden | bizqatalmaybızwe can't harden | sizqatalmaysızyou all can't harden | alaqatalmaydılathey can't harden |
| Ability — present | menqatalamamı? qatalamıma?can I harden? | senqatalamısa?can you harden? | olqatalamıdı?can he harden? | bizqatalabızmı? qatalamıbız?can we harden? | sizqatalamısız?can you all harden? | alaqatalamıdıla?can they harden? |
| Ability — present | menqatalmaymamı? qatalmaymıma?can't I harden? | senqatalmaymısa?can't you harden? | olqatalmaymıdı?can't he harden? | bizqatalmaybızmı? qatalmaymıbız?can't we harden? | sizqatalmaymısız?can't you all harden? | alaqatalmaymıdıla?can't they harden? |
| Ability — if I can… | menqatalsamif I can harden | senqatalsaŋif you can harden | olqatalsaif he can harden | bizqatalsaqif we can harden | sizqatalsağızif you all can harden | alaqatalsalaif they can harden |
| Ability — if I can… | menqatalmasamif I can't harden | senqatalmasaŋif you can't harden | olqatalmasaif he can't harden | bizqatalmasaqif we can't harden | sizqatalmasağızif you all can't harden | alaqatalmasalaif they can't harden |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menqataldımI was able to harden | senqataldıŋyou were able to harden | olqataldıhe was able to harden | bizqataldıqwe were able to harden | sizqataldığızyou all were able to harden | alaqataldılathey were able to harden |
| Ability — simple past | menqatalmadımI could not harden | senqatalmadıŋyou could not harden | olqatalmadıhe could not harden | bizqatalmadıqwe could not harden | sizqatalmadığızyou all could not harden | alaqatalmadılathey could not harden |
| Ability — simple past | menqataldımmı?was I able to harden? | senqataldıŋmı?were you able to harden? | olqataldımı?was he able to harden? | bizqataldıqmı?were we able to harden? | sizqataldığızmı?were you all able to harden? | alaqataldılamı?were they able to harden? |
| Ability — simple past | menqatalmadımmı?couldn't I harden? | senqatalmadıŋmı?couldn't you harden? | olqatalmadımı?couldn't he harden? | bizqatalmadıqmı?couldn't we harden? | sizqatalmadığızmı?couldn't you all harden? | alaqatalmadılamı?couldn't they harden? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqatalğanmaI have been able to harden | senqatalğansayou have been able to harden | olqatalğandıhe has been able to harden | bizqatalğanbızwe have been able to harden | sizqatalğansızyou all have been able to harden | alaqatalğandılathey have been able to harden |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqatalmağanmaI haven't been able to harden | senqatalmağansayou haven't been able to harden | olqatalmağandıhe hasn't been able to harden | bizqatalmağanbızwe haven't been able to harden | sizqatalmağansızyou all haven't been able to harden | alaqatalmağandılathey haven't been able to harden |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqatalğanmamı? qatalğanmıma?have I been able to harden? | senqatalğanmısa?have you been able to harden? | olqatalğanmıdı?has he been able to harden? | bizqatalğanbızmı? qatalğanmıbız?have we been able to harden? | sizqatalğanmısız?have you all been able to harden? | alaqatalğanmıdıla?have they been able to harden? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqatalmağanmamı? qatalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to harden? | senqatalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to harden? | olqatalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to harden? | bizqatalmağanbızmı? qatalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to harden? | sizqatalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to harden? | alaqatalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to harden? |
| Ability — past perfect | menqatalğan edimqatalğanemI had been able to harden | senqatalğan ediŋqatalğaneŋyou had been able to harden | olqatalğan ediqatalğanedhe had been able to harden | bizqatalğan edikqatalğanekwe had been able to harden | sizqatalğan edigizqatalğanegizyou all had been able to harden | alaqatalğan edileqatalğanellethey had been able to harden |
| Ability — past perfect | menqatalmağan edimqatalmağanemI hadn't been able to harden | senqatalmağan ediŋqatalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to harden | olqatalmağan ediqatalmağanedhe hadn't been able to harden | bizqatalmağan edikqatalmağanekwe hadn't been able to harden | sizqatalmağan edigizqatalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to harden | alaqatalmağan edileqatalmağanellethey hadn't been able to harden |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menqatala edimqatalaemI could harden | senqatala ediŋqatalaeŋyou could harden | olqatala ediqatalaedhe could harden | bizqatala edikqatalaekwe could harden | sizqatala edigizqatalaegizyou all could harden | alaqatala edileqatalaellethey could harden |
| Ability — past background | menqatalmay edimqatalmayemI could not harden | senqatalmay ediŋqatalmayeŋyou could not harden | olqatalmay ediqatalmayedhe could not harden | bizqatalmay edikqatalmayekwe could not harden | sizqatalmay edigizqatalmayegizyou all could not harden | alaqatalmay edileqatalmayellethey could not harden |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menqatalırmaI will be able to harden | senqatalırsayou will be able to harden | olqatalırhe will be able to harden | bizqatalırbızwe will be able to harden | sizqatalırsızyou all will be able to harden | alaqatalırlathey will be able to harden |
| Ability — future I | menqatalmazmaI won't be able to harden | senqatalmazsayou won't be able to harden | olqatalmazhe won't be able to harden | bizqatalmazbızwe won't be able to harden | sizqatalmazsızyou all won't be able to harden | alaqatalmazlathey won't be able to harden |
| Ability — future I | menqatalırmamı? qatalırmıma?will I be able to harden? | senqatalırmısa?will you be able to harden? | olqatalırmı?will he be able to harden? | bizqatalırbızmı? qatalırmıbız?will we be able to harden? | sizqatalırmısız?will you all be able to harden? | alaqatalırlamı? qatalırmıla?will they be able to harden? |
| Ability — future I | menqatalmazmamı? qatalmazmıma?won't I be able to harden? | senqatalmazmısa?won't you be able to harden? | olqatalmazmı?won't he be able to harden? | bizqatalmazbızmı? qatalmazmıbız?won't we be able to harden? | sizqatalmazmısız?won't you all be able to harden? | alaqatalmazlamı? qatalmazmıla?won't they be able to harden? |
| Ability — future II | menqatallıqmaI am going to be able to harden | senqatallıqsayou are going to be able to harden | olqatallıqdıhe is going to be able to harden | bizqatallıqbızwe are going to be able to harden | sizqatallıqsızyou all are going to be able to harden | alaqatallıqdılathey are going to be able to harden |
| Ability — future II | menqatallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to harden | senqatallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to harden | olqatallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to harden | bizqatallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to harden | sizqatallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to harden | alaqatallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to harden |
| Ability — future II | menqatallıqmamı? qatallıqmıma?am I going to be able to harden? | senqatallıqmısa?are you going to be able to harden? | olqatallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to harden? | bizqatallıqbızmı? qatallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to harden? | sizqatallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to harden? | alaqatallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to harden? |
| Ability — future II | menqatallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to harden? | senqatallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to harden? | olqatallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to harden? | bizqatallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to harden? | sizqatallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to harden? | alaqatallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to harden? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqatalır edimqatalır emI would be able to harden | senqatalır ediŋqatalır eŋyou would be able to harden | olqatalır ediqatalır edhe would be able to harden | bizqatalır edikqatalır ekwe would be able to harden | sizqatalır edigizqatalır egizyou all would be able to harden | alaqatalır edileqatalır ellethey would be able to harden |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqatalmaz edimqatalmaz emI wouldn't be able to harden | senqatalmaz ediŋqatalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to harden | olqatalmaz ediqatalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to harden | bizqatalmaz edikqatalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to harden | sizqatalmaz edigizqatalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to harden | alaqatalmaz edileqatalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to harden |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqatalğınqatalğımay you be able to harden | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqatalmağınqatalmağımay you not be able to harden | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menqatarğa izleymeI want to harden | senqatarğa izleyseyou want to harden | olqatarğa izleydihe wants to harden | bizqatarğa izleybizwe want to harden | sizqatarğa izleysizyou all want to harden | alaqatarğa izleydilethey want to harden |
| want to | menqatarğa izlemeymeI do not want to harden | senqatarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to harden | olqatarğa izlemeydihe does not want to harden | bizqatarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to harden | sizqatarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to harden | alaqatarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to harden |
| would like to | menqatarğa süemeI would like to harden | senqatarğa süeseyou would like to harden | olqatarğa süedihe would like to harden | bizqatarğa süebizwe would like to harden | sizqatarğa süesizyou all would like to harden | alaqatarğa süedilethey would like to harden |
| would like to | menqatarğa süymeymeI would not like to harden | senqatarğa süymeyseyou would not like to harden | olqatarğa süymeydihe would not like to harden | bizqatarğa süymeybizwe would not like to harden | sizqatarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to harden | alaqatarğa süymeydilethey would not like to harden |
| hope to | menqatarğa umutlanamaI hope to harden | senqatarğa umutlanasayou hope to harden | olqatarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to harden | bizqatarğa umutlanabızwe hope to harden | sizqatarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to harden | alaqatarğa umutlanadılathey hope to harden |
| hope to | menqatarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to harden | senqatarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to harden | olqatarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to harden | bizqatarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to harden | sizqatarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to harden | alaqatarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to harden |
| be about to | menqatarğa deb turamaI am about to harden | senqatarğa deb turasayou are about to harden | olqatarğa deb turadıhe is about to harden | bizqatarğa deb turabızwe are about to harden | sizqatarğa deb turasızyou all are about to harden | alaqatarğa deb turadılathey are about to harden |
| be about to | menqatarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to harden | senqatarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to harden | olqatarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to harden | bizqatarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to harden | sizqatarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to harden | alaqatarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to harden |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menqatarğa kerekmeI need to harden | senqatarğa kerekseyou need to harden | olqatarğa kerekdihe needs to harden | bizqatarğa kerekbizwe need to harden | sizqatarğa kereksizyou all need to harden | alaqatarğa kerekdilethey need to harden |
| need to | menqatarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to harden | senqatarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to harden | olqatarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to harden | bizqatarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to harden | sizqatarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to harden | alaqatarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to harden |
| have to | menmenŋe qatarğa tüşediI have to harden | sensenŋe qatarğa tüşediyou have to harden | olaŋa qatarğa tüşedihe has to harden | bizbizge qatarğa tüşediwe have to harden | sizsizge qatarğa tüşediyou all have to harden | alaalağa qatarğa tüşedithey have to harden |
| have to | menmenŋe qatarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to harden | sensenŋe qatarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to harden | olaŋa qatarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to harden | bizbizge qatarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to harden | sizsizge qatarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to harden | alaalağa qatarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to harden |
| be obliged to | menqatarğa borçlumaI am obliged to harden | senqatarğa borçlusayou are obliged to harden | olqatarğa borçluduhe is obliged to harden | bizqatarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to harden | sizqatarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to harden | alaqatarğa borçludulathey are obliged to harden |
| be obliged to | menqatarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to harden | senqatarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to harden | olqatarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to harden | bizqatarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to harden | sizqatarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to harden | alaqatarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to harden |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menqatarğa madarım bardıI have a way to harden | senqatarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to harden | olqatarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to harden | bizqatarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to harden | sizqatarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to harden | alaqatarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to harden |
| have a way to | menqatarğa madarım joqduI have no way to harden | senqatarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to harden | olqatarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to harden | bizqatarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to harden | sizqatarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to harden | alaqatarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to harden |
| be free to | menqatarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to harden | senqatarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to harden | olqatarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to harden | bizqatarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to harden | sizqatarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to harden | alaqatarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to harden |
| be free to | menqatarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to harden | senqatarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to harden | olqatarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to harden | bizqatarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to harden | sizqatarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to harden | alaqatarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to harden |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qatarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to harden | sensenŋe qatarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to harden | olaŋa qatarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to harden | bizbizge qatarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to harden | sizsizge qatarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to harden | alaalağa qatarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to harden |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qatarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to harden | sensenŋe qatarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to harden | olaŋa qatarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to harden | bizbizge qatarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to harden | sizsizge qatarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to harden | alaalağa qatarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to harden |
| be ready to | menqatarğa hazırmaI am ready to harden | senqatarğa hazırsayou are ready to harden | olqatarğa hazırdıhe is ready to harden | bizqatarğa hazırbızwe are ready to harden | sizqatarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to harden | alaqatarğa hazırdılathey are ready to harden |
| be ready to | menqatarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to harden | senqatarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to harden | olqatarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to harden | bizqatarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to harden | sizqatarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to harden | alaqatarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to harden |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menqatarğa küreşemeI am trying to harden | senqatarğa küreşeseyou are trying to harden | olqatarğa küreşedihe is trying to harden | bizqatarğa küreşebizwe are trying to harden | sizqatarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to harden | alaqatarğa küreşedilethey are trying to harden |
| try to | menqatarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to harden | senqatarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to harden | olqatarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to harden | bizqatarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to harden | sizqatarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to harden | alaqatarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to harden |
| agree to | menqatarğa unaymaI agree to harden | senqatarğa unaysayou agree to harden | olqatarğa unaydıhe agrees to harden | bizqatarğa unaybızwe agree to harden | sizqatarğa unaysızyou all agree to harden | alaqatarğa unaydılathey agree to harden |
| agree to | menqatarğa unamaymaI refuse to harden | senqatarğa unamaysayou refuse to harden | olqatarğa unamaydıhe refuses to harden | bizqatarğa unamaybızwe refuse to harden | sizqatarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to harden | alaqatarğa unamaydılathey refuse to harden |
| hurry to | menqatarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to harden | senqatarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to harden | olqatarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to harden | bizqatarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to harden | sizqatarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to harden | alaqatarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to harden |
| hurry to | menqatarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to harden | senqatarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to harden | olqatarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to harden | bizqatarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to harden | sizqatarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to harden | alaqatarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to harden |
| be afraid to | menqatarğa qorqamaI am afraid to harden | senqatarğa qorqasayou are afraid to harden | olqatarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to harden | bizqatarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to harden | sizqatarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to harden | alaqatarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to harden |
| be afraid to | menqatarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to harden | senqatarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to harden | olqatarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to harden | bizqatarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to harden | sizqatarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to harden | alaqatarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to harden |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menqata bolmazmaI can't be hardening | senqata bolmazsayou can't be hardening | olqata bolmazhe can't be hardening | bizqata bolmazbızwe can't be hardening | sizqata bolmazsızyou all can't be hardening | alaqata bolmazlathey can't be hardening |
| Inference, present — double negation | menqatmay bolmazmaI must be hardening (emphatic) | senqatmay bolmazsayou must be hardening (emphatic) | olqatmay bolmazhe must be hardening (emphatic) | bizqatmay bolmazbızwe must be hardening (emphatic) | sizqatmay bolmazsızyou all must be hardening (emphatic) | alaqatmay bolmazlathey must be hardening (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menqata turmasamif I don't keep hardening | senqata turmasaŋif you don't keep hardening | olqata turmasaif he doesn't keep hardening | bizqata turmasaqif we don't keep hardening | sizqata turmasağızif you all don't keep hardening | alaqata turmasalaif they don't keep hardening |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menqata tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of hardening | senqata tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of hardening | olqata tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of hardening | bizqata tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of hardening | sizqata tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of hardening | alaqata tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of hardening |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menqatmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not hardening (emphatic) | senqatmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not hardening (emphatic) | olqatmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not hardening (emphatic) | bizqatmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not hardening (emphatic) | sizqatmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not hardening (emphatic) | alaqatmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not hardening (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menqatmay turamaI keep on not hardening | senqatmay turasayou keep on not hardening | olqatmay turadıhe keeps on not hardening | bizqatmay turabızwe keep on not hardening | sizqatmay turasızyou all keep on not hardening | alaqatmay turadılathey keep on not hardening |
| Progressive — double negation | menqatmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not hardening | senqatmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not hardening | olqatmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not hardening | bizqatmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not hardening | sizqatmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not hardening | alaqatmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not hardening |
| Progressive — double negation | menqatmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not hardening? | senqatmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not hardening? | olqatmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not hardening? | bizqatmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not hardening? | sizqatmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not hardening? | alaqatmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not hardening? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menqathan bolmazmaI can't have hardened | senqathan bolmazsayou can't have hardened | olqathan bolmazhe can't have hardened | bizqathan bolmazbızwe can't have hardened | sizqathan bolmazsızyou all can't have hardened | alaqathan bolmazlathey can't have hardened |
| Inference — double negation | menqatmağan bolmazmaI must have hardened (emphatic) | senqatmağan bolmazsayou must have hardened (emphatic) | olqatmağan bolmazhe must have hardened (emphatic) | bizqatmağan bolmazbızwe must have hardened (emphatic) | sizqatmağan bolmazsızyou all must have hardened (emphatic) | alaqatmağan bolmazlathey must have hardened (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menqathan bolmasamif it weren't that I had hardened | senqathan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had hardened | olqathan bolmasaif it weren't that he had hardened | bizqathan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had hardened | sizqathan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had hardened | alaqathan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had hardened |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menqatmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't hardened | senqatmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't hardened | olqatmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't hardened | bizqatmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't hardened | sizqatmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't hardened | alaqatmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't hardened |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menqatarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to harden | senqatarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to harden | olqatarıq bolmazhe can't be going to harden | bizqatarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to harden | sizqatarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to harden | alaqatarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to harden |
| Inference, future — double negation | menqatmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to harden (emphatic) | senqatmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to harden (emphatic) | olqatmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to harden (emphatic) | bizqatmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to harden (emphatic) | sizqatmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to harden (emphatic) | alaqatmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to harden (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menqatarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to harden | senqatarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to harden | olqatarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to harden | bizqatarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to harden | sizqatarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to harden | alaqatarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to harden |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menqatmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to harden | senqatmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to harden | olqatmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to harden | bizqatmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to harden | sizqatmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to harden | alaqatmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to harden |