ozarğa
/ozarʁa/
1. overtake, outstrip, get ahead of
- işde ozarğa — to outstrip someone at work
- erişiwde ozarğa — to outstrip someone in the contest
- ozub keterge — to overtake, to get ahead
- kim ozsa da deb çabarğa — to race to see who gets ahead
- ol meni ozdu — he overtook me
2. pass by, go past, go through
- üynü qatı bla ozarğa — to go past the house
- alğa ozarğa — to go on ahead
- Moskvanı üsü bla ozarğa — to go through Moscow
- ozub barğan — a passer-by
3. pass, go by (of time)
- zaman ozdu — the time has passed
- boljal ozdu — the deadline has passed
- ozdula jılla! — the years have gone by!
- ozub ketgen jılla — the years that are gone
- ozğan jıl — last year
4. overstep the mark, go too far
- ozduŋ sen — you have gone too far
- ol asırı ozadı — he oversteps all bounds
- ozma endi, tohta! — know your limits now, stop!
- ozub tebrediŋ da sen — you have started going too far
5. go to someone as an extra share, fall to someone; be more than enough for someone one source
- teŋ üleş - kişige ozmasın — divide it equally, so that no one gets an extra share
- ma, ozsa da senŋe ozsun! — here, if anyone gets extra, let it be you!
- ol senŋe ozub da bolluqdu — that will be more than enough for you
6. surpass, outdo
- ariwluqğa ozarğa — to surpass in beauty
- sözge ozarğa — to outdo in eloquence
- biri biriŋi ozarğa — to outdo one another
Expressions
- araları bla qara kiştik ozarğa — fall out
Conjugation
Common forms
- ozadıhe is overtaking
- ozduhe overtaked
- ozğandıhe has overtaked
- ozarhe will overtake
- ozarıqdıhe is going to overtake
- oza edihe was overtaking
- ozsaif he overtakes
- oz!overtake!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menozamaI am overtaking | senozasayou are overtaking | olozadıhe is overtaking | bizozabızwe are overtaking | sizozasızyou all are overtaking | alaozadılathey are overtaking |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menozmaymaI am not overtaking | senozmaysayou are not overtaking | olozmaydıhe is not overtaking | bizozmaybızwe are not overtaking | sizozmaysızyou all are not overtaking | alaozmaydılathey are not overtaking |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menozamamı? ozamıma?am I overtaking? | senozamısa?are you overtaking? | olozamıdı?is he overtaking? | bizozabızmı? ozamıbız?are we overtaking? | sizozamısız?are you all overtaking? | alaozamıdıla?are they overtaking? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menozmaymamı? ozmaymıma?aren't I overtaking? | senozmaymısa?aren't you overtaking? | olozmaymıdı?isn't he overtaking? | bizozmaybızmı? ozmaymıbız?aren't we overtaking? | sizozmaymısız?aren't you all overtaking? | alaozmaymıdıla?aren't they overtaking? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menozuwçanmaI usually overtake | senozuwçansayou usually overtake | olozuwçandıhe usually overtakes | bizozuwçanbızwe usually overtake | sizozuwçansızyou all usually overtake | alaozuwçandılathey usually overtake |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menozmawçanmaI usually don't overtake | senozmawçansayou usually don't overtake | olozmawçandıhe usually doesn't overtake | bizozmawçanbızwe usually don't overtake | sizozmawçansızyou all usually don't overtake | alaozmawçandılathey usually don't overtake |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menozuwçanmamı? ozuwçanmıma?do I usually overtake? | senozuwçanmısa?do you usually overtake? | olozuwçanmıdı?does he usually overtake? | bizozuwçanbızmı? ozuwçanmıbız?do we usually overtake? | sizozuwçanmısız?do you all usually overtake? | alaozuwçanmıdıla?do they usually overtake? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menozmawçanmamı? ozmawçanmıma?do I usually not overtake? | senozmawçanmısa?do you usually not overtake? | olozmawçanmıdı?does he usually not overtake? | bizozmawçanbızmı? ozmawçanmıbız?do we usually not overtake? | sizozmawçanmısız?do you all usually not overtake? | alaozmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not overtake? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olozubduhe has overtaked and remains so | alaozubdulathey have overtaked and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olozubmudu?has he overtaked? | alaozubmudula?have they overtaked? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menozub turamaI keep overtaking | senozub turasayou keep overtaking | olozub turadıhe keeps overtaking | bizozub turabızwe keep overtaking | sizozub turasızyou all keep overtaking | alaozub turadılathey keep overtaking |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menozub turmaymaI don't keep overtaking | senozub turmaysayou don't keep overtaking | olozub turmaydıhe doesn't keep overtaking | bizozub turmaybızwe don't keep overtaking | sizozub turmaysızyou all don't keep overtaking | alaozub turmaydılathey don't keep overtaking |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menozub turamamı? ozub turamıma?do I keep overtaking? | senozub turamısa?do you keep overtaking? | olozub turamıdı?does he keep overtaking? | bizozub turabızmı? ozub turamıbız?do we keep overtaking? | sizozub turamısız?do you all keep overtaking? | alaozub turamıdıla?do they keep overtaking? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menozub turmaymamı? ozub turmaymıma?don't I keep overtaking? | senozub turmaymısa?don't you keep overtaking? | olozub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep overtaking? | bizozub turmaybızmı? ozub turmaymıbız?don't we keep overtaking? | sizozub turmaymısız?don't you all keep overtaking? | alaozub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep overtaking? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menoza turamaI am in the middle of overtaking | senoza turasayou are in the middle of overtaking | oloza turadıhe is in the middle of overtaking | bizoza turabızwe are in the middle of overtaking | sizoza turasızyou all are in the middle of overtaking | alaoza turadılathey are in the middle of overtaking |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menoza turmaymaI am not in the middle of overtaking | senoza turmaysayou are not in the middle of overtaking | oloza turmaydıhe is not in the middle of overtaking | bizoza turmaybızwe are not in the middle of overtaking | sizoza turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of overtaking | alaoza turmaydılathey are not in the middle of overtaking |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menoza turamamı? oza turamıma?am I in the middle of overtaking? | senoza turamısa?are you in the middle of overtaking? | oloza turamıdı?is he in the middle of overtaking? | bizoza turabızmı? oza turamıbız?are we in the middle of overtaking? | sizoza turamısız?are you all in the middle of overtaking? | alaoza turamıdıla?are they in the middle of overtaking? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menoza turmaymamı? oza turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of overtaking? | senoza turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of overtaking? | oloza turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of overtaking? | bizoza turmaybızmı? oza turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of overtaking? | sizoza turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of overtaking? | alaoza turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of overtaking? |
| Simple past (definite) | menozdumI overtaked | senozduŋyou overtaked | olozduhe overtaked | bizozduqwe overtaked | sizozduğuzyou all overtaked | alaozdulathey overtaked |
| Simple past (definite) | menozmadımI didn't overtake | senozmadıŋyou didn't overtake | olozmadıhe didn't overtake | bizozmadıqwe didn't overtake | sizozmadığızyou all didn't overtake | alaozmadılathey didn't overtake |
| Simple past (definite) | menozdummu?did I overtake? | senozduŋmu?did you overtake? | olozdumu?did he overtake? | bizozduqmu?did we overtake? | sizozduğuzmu?did you all overtake? | alaozdulamı?did they overtake? |
| Simple past (definite) | menozmadımmı?didn't I overtake? | senozmadıŋmı?didn't you overtake? | olozmadımı?didn't he overtake? | bizozmadıqmı?didn't we overtake? | sizozmadığızmı?didn't you all overtake? | alaozmadılamı?didn't they overtake? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menozğanmaI have overtaked | senozğansayou have overtaked | olozğandıhe has overtaked | bizozğanbızwe have overtaked | sizozğansızyou all have overtaked | alaozğandılathey have overtaked |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menozmağanmaI haven't overtaked | senozmağansayou haven't overtaked | olozmağandıhe hasn't overtaked | bizozmağanbızwe haven't overtaked | sizozmağansızyou all haven't overtaked | alaozmağandılathey haven't overtaked |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menozğanmamı? ozğanmıma?have I overtaked? | senozğanmısa?have you overtaked? | olozğanmıdı?has he overtaked? | bizozğanbızmı? ozğanmıbız?have we overtaked? | sizozğanmısız?have you all overtaked? | alaozğanmıdıla?have they overtaked? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menozmağanmamı? ozmağanmıma?haven't I overtaked? | senozmağanmısa?haven't you overtaked? | olozmağanmıdı?hasn't he overtaked? | bizozmağanbızmı? ozmağanmıbız?haven't we overtaked? | sizozmağanmısız?haven't you all overtaked? | alaozmağanmıdıla?haven't they overtaked? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menozub turdumI kept overtaking | senozub turduŋyou kept overtaking | olozub turduhe kept overtaking | bizozub turduqwe kept overtaking | sizozub turduğuzyou all kept overtaking | alaozub turdulathey kept overtaking |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menozub turmadımI didn't keep overtaking | senozub turmadıŋyou didn't keep overtaking | olozub turmadıhe didn't keep overtaking | bizozub turmadıqwe didn't keep overtaking | sizozub turmadığızyou all didn't keep overtaking | alaozub turmadılathey didn't keep overtaking |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menozarmaI will overtake | senozarsayou will overtake | olozarhe will overtake | bizozarbızwe will overtake | sizozarsızyou all will overtake | alaozarlathey will overtake |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menozmazmaI won't overtake | senozmazsayou won't overtake | olozmazhe won't overtake | bizozmazbızwe won't overtake | sizozmazsızyou all won't overtake | alaozmazlathey won't overtake |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menozarmamı? ozarmıma?will I overtake? | senozarmısa?will you overtake? | olozarmı?will he overtake? | bizozarbızmı? ozarmıbız?will we overtake? | sizozarmısız?will you all overtake? | alaozarlamı? ozarmıla?will they overtake? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menozmazmamı? ozmazmıma?won't I overtake? | senozmazmısa?won't you overtake? | olozmazmı?won't he overtake? | bizozmazbızmı? ozmazmıbız?won't we overtake? | sizozmazmısız?won't you all overtake? | alaozmazlamı? ozmazmıla?won't they overtake? |
| Definite future (future II) | menozarıqmaI am going to overtake | senozarıqsayou are going to overtake | olozarıqdıhe is going to overtake | bizozarıqbızwe are going to overtake | sizozarıqsızyou all are going to overtake | alaozarıqdılathey are going to overtake |
| Definite future (future II) | menozarıq tülmeI am not going to overtake | senozarıq tülseyou are not going to overtake | olozarıq tüldühe is not going to overtake | bizozarıq tülbüzwe are not going to overtake | sizozarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to overtake | alaozarıq tüldülethey are not going to overtake |
| Definite future (future II) | menozarıqmamı? ozarıqmıma?am I going to overtake? | senozarıqmısa?are you going to overtake? | olozarıqmıdı?is he going to overtake? | bizozarıqbızmı? ozarıqmıbız?are we going to overtake? | sizozarıqmısız?are you all going to overtake? | alaozarıqmıdıla?are they going to overtake? |
| Definite future (future II) | menozarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to overtake? | senozarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to overtake? | olozarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to overtake? | bizozarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to overtake? | sizozarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to overtake? | alaozarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to overtake? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menozğan edimozğanemI had overtaked | senozğan ediŋozğaneŋyou had overtaked | olozğan ediozğanedhe had overtaked | bizozğan edikozğanekwe had overtaked | sizozğan edigizozğanegizyou all had overtaked | alaozğan edileozğanellethey had overtaked |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menozmağan edimozmağanemI hadn't overtaked | senozmağan ediŋozmağaneŋyou hadn't overtaked | olozmağan ediozmağanedhe hadn't overtaked | bizozmağan edikozmağanekwe hadn't overtaked | sizozmağan edigizozmağanegizyou all hadn't overtaked | alaozmağan edileozmağanellethey hadn't overtaked |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menoza edimozaemI was overtaking | senoza ediŋozaeŋyou were overtaking | oloza ediozaedhe was overtaking | bizoza edikozaekwe were overtaking | sizoza edigizozaegizyou all were overtaking | alaoza edileozaellethey were overtaking |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menozmay edimozmayemI wasn't overtaking | senozmay ediŋozmayeŋyou weren't overtaking | olozmay ediozmayedhe wasn't overtaking | bizozmay edikozmayekwe weren't overtaking | sizozmay edigizozmayegizyou all weren't overtaking | alaozmay edileozmayellethey weren't overtaking |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menozuwçan edimozuwçanemI used to overtake | senozuwçan ediŋozuwçaneŋyou used to overtake | olozuwçan ediozuwçanedhe used to overtake | bizozuwçan edikozuwçanekwe used to overtake | sizozuwçan edigizozuwçanegizyou all used to overtake | alaozuwçan edileozuwçanellethey used to overtake |
| Habitual past (used to) | menozmawçan edimozmawçanemI didn't use to overtake | senozmawçan ediŋozmawçaneŋyou didn't use to overtake | olozmawçan ediozmawçanedhe didn't use to overtake | bizozmawçan edikozmawçanekwe didn't use to overtake | sizozmawçan edigizozmawçanegizyou all didn't use to overtake | alaozmawçan edileozmawçanellethey didn't use to overtake |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olozub edihe had overtaked and remained so | alaozub edilethey had overtaked and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olozub tül edihe hadn't overtaked | alaozub tül edilethey hadn't overtaked | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menozub tura edimozub turaemI had kept overtaking | senozub tura ediŋozub turaeŋyou had kept overtaking | olozub tura ediozub turaedhe had kept overtaking | bizozub tura edikozub turaekwe had kept overtaking | sizozub tura edigizozub turaegizyou all had kept overtaking | alaozub tura edileozub turaellethey had kept overtaking |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menozub turmay edimozub turmayemI hadn't kept overtaking | senozub turmay ediŋozub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept overtaking | olozub turmay ediozub turmayedhe hadn't kept overtaking | bizozub turmay edikozub turmayekwe hadn't kept overtaking | sizozub turmay edigizozub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept overtaking | alaozub turmay edileozub turmayellethey hadn't kept overtaking |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menoza tura edimoza turaemI was in the middle of overtaking | senoza tura ediŋoza turaeŋyou were in the middle of overtaking | oloza tura edioza turaedhe was in the middle of overtaking | bizoza tura edikoza turaekwe were in the middle of overtaking | sizoza tura edigizoza turaegizyou all were in the middle of overtaking | alaoza tura edileoza turaellethey were in the middle of overtaking |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menoza turmay edimoza turmayemI wasn't in the middle of overtaking | senoza turmay ediŋoza turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of overtaking | oloza turmay edioza turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of overtaking | bizoza turmay edikoza turmayekwe weren't in the middle of overtaking | sizoza turmay edigizoza turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of overtaking | alaoza turmay edileoza turmayellethey weren't in the middle of overtaking |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menozar edimozar emI would overtake | senozar ediŋozar eŋyou would overtake | olozar ediozar edhe would overtake | bizozar edikozar ekwe would overtake | sizozar edigizozar egizyou all would overtake | alaozar edileozar ellethey would overtake |
| Conditional result (would) | menozmaz edimozmaz emI wouldn't overtake | senozmaz ediŋozmaz eŋyou wouldn't overtake | olozmaz ediozmaz edhe wouldn't overtake | bizozmaz edikozmaz ekwe wouldn't overtake | sizozmaz edigizozmaz egizyou all wouldn't overtake | alaozmaz edileozmaz ellethey wouldn't overtake |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menozarıq edimozarıq emI would have overtaked | senozarıq ediŋozarıq eŋyou would have overtaked | olozarıq ediozarıq edhe would have overtaked | bizozarıq edikozarıq ekwe would have overtaked | sizozarıq edigizozarıq egizyou all would have overtaked | alaozarıq edileozarıq ellethey would have overtaked |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menozarıq tül edimozarıq tül emI wouldn't have overtaked | senozarıq tül ediŋozarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have overtaked | olozarıq tül ediozarıq tül edhe wouldn't have overtaked | bizozarıq tül edikozarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have overtaked | sizozarıq tül edigizozarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have overtaked | alaozarıq tül edileozarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have overtaked |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menozsamif I overtake | senozsaŋif you overtake | olozsaif he overtakes | bizozsaqif we overtake | sizozsağızif you all overtake | alaozsalaif they overtake |
| Conditional | menozmasamif I don't overtake | senozmasaŋif you don't overtake | olozmasaif he doesn't overtake | bizozmasaqif we don't overtake | sizozmasağızif you all don't overtake | alaozmasalaif they don't overtake |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menoza esemif I am overtaking | senoza eseŋif you are overtaking | oloza eseif he is overtaking | bizoza esekif we are overtaking | sizoza esegizif you all are overtaking | alaoza eseleif they are overtaking |
| Conditional, present real | menozmay esemif I am not overtaking | senozmay eseŋif you are not overtaking | olozmay eseif he is not overtaking | bizozmay esekif we are not overtaking | sizozmay esegizif you all are not overtaking | alaozmay eseleif they are not overtaking |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menozsam ediozsam edif only I overtaked | senozsaŋ ediozsaŋ edif only you overtaked | olozsa ediozsaedif only he overtaked | bizozsaq ediozsaq edif only we overtaked | sizozsağız ediozsağız edif only you all overtaked | alaozsala ediozsalaedif only they overtaked |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menozmasam ediozmasam edif only I didn't overtake | senozmasaŋ ediozmasaŋ edif only you didn't overtake | olozmasa ediozmasaedif only he didn't overtake | bizozmasaq ediozmasaq edif only we didn't overtake | sizozmasağız ediozmasağız edif only you all didn't overtake | alaozmasala ediozmasalaedif only they didn't overtake |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menozub tursamif I carry on overtaking | senozub tursaŋif you carry on overtaking | olozub tursaif he carries on overtaking | bizozub tursaqif we carry on overtaking | sizozub tursağızif you all carry on overtaking | alaozub tursalaif they carry on overtaking |
| Durative conditional | menozub turmasamif I don't carry on overtaking | senozub turmasaŋif you don't carry on overtaking | olozub turmasaif he doesn't carry on overtaking | bizozub turmasaqif we don't carry on overtaking | sizozub turmasağızif you all don't carry on overtaking | alaozub turmasalaif they don't carry on overtaking |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menozub tura esemif I have kept overtaking | senozub tura eseŋif you have kept overtaking | olozub tura eseif he has kept overtaking | bizozub tura esekif we have kept overtaking | sizozub tura esegizif you all have kept overtaking | alaozub tura eseleif they have kept overtaking |
| Durative conditional, present real | menozub turmay esemif I haven't kept overtaking | senozub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept overtaking | olozub turmay eseif he hasn't kept overtaking | bizozub turmay esekif we haven't kept overtaking | sizozub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept overtaking | alaozub turmay eseleif they haven't kept overtaking |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menoza tursamif I keep overtaking | senoza tursaŋif you keep overtaking | oloza tursaif he keeps overtaking | bizoza tursaqif we keep overtaking | sizoza tursağızif you all keep overtaking | alaoza tursalaif they keep overtaking |
| Progressive conditional | menozmay tursamif I keep on not overtaking | senozmay tursaŋif you keep on not overtaking | olozmay tursaif he keeps on not overtaking | bizozmay tursaqif we keep on not overtaking | sizozmay tursağızif you all keep on not overtaking | alaozmay tursalaif they keep on not overtaking |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menoza tura esemif I am in the middle of overtaking | senoza tura eseŋif you are in the middle of overtaking | oloza tura eseif he is in the middle of overtaking | bizoza tura esekif we are in the middle of overtaking | sizoza tura esegizif you all are in the middle of overtaking | alaoza tura eseleif they are in the middle of overtaking |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menozmay tura esemif I keep on not overtaking | senozmay tura eseŋif you keep on not overtaking | olozmay tura eseif he keeps on not overtaking | bizozmay tura esekif we keep on not overtaking | sizozmay tura esegizif you all keep on not overtaking | alaozmay tura eseleif they keep on not overtaking |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menozdum esemif I overtaked | senozduŋ eseŋif you overtaked | olozdu eseif he overtaked | bizozduq esekif we overtaked | sizozduğuz esegizif you all overtaked | alaozdula eseleif they overtaked |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menozmadım esemif I didn't overtake | senozmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't overtake | olozmadı eseif he didn't overtake | bizozmadıq esekif we didn't overtake | sizozmadığız esegizif you all didn't overtake | alaozmadıla eseleif they didn't overtake |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menozğan esemif I did overtake (indeed) | senozğan eseŋif you did overtake (indeed) | olozğan eseif he did overtake (indeed) | bizozğan esekif we did overtake (indeed) | sizozğan esegizif you all did overtake (indeed) | alaozğan eseleif they did overtake (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menozmağan esemif I didn't overtake (indeed) | senozmağan eseŋif you didn't overtake (indeed) | olozmağan eseif he didn't overtake (indeed) | bizozmağan esekif we didn't overtake (indeed) | sizozmağan esegizif you all didn't overtake (indeed) | alaozmağan eseleif they didn't overtake (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menozğan bolsamif I had overtaked | senozğan bolsaŋif you had overtaked | olozğan bolsaif he had overtaked | bizozğan bolsaqif we had overtaked | sizozğan bolsağızif you all had overtaked | alaozğan bolsalaif they had overtaked |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menozmağan bolsamif I hadn't overtaked | senozmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't overtaked | olozmağan bolsaif he hadn't overtaked | bizozmağan bolsaqif we hadn't overtaked | sizozmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't overtaked | alaozmağan bolsalaif they hadn't overtaked |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menozğan bolsam ediozğan bolsam edif only I had overtaked | senozğan bolsaŋ ediozğan bolsaŋ edif only you had overtaked | olozğan bolsa ediozğan bolsaedif only he had overtaked | bizozğan bolsaq ediozğan bolsaq edif only we had overtaked | sizozğan bolsağız ediozğan bolsağız edif only you all had overtaked | alaozğan bolsala ediozğan bolsalaedif only they had overtaked |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menozmağan bolsam ediozmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't overtaked | senozmağan bolsaŋ ediozmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't overtaked | olozmağan bolsa ediozmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't overtaked | bizozmağan bolsaq ediozmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't overtaked | sizozmağan bolsağız ediozmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't overtaked | alaozmağan bolsala ediozmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't overtaked |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menozar esemif I will overtake | senozar eseŋif you will overtake | olozar eseif he will overtake | bizozar esekif we will overtake | sizozar esegizif you all will overtake | alaozar eseleif they will overtake |
| Conditional, aorist | menozmaz esemif I won't overtake | senozmaz eseŋif you won't overtake | olozmaz eseif he won't overtake | bizozmaz esekif we won't overtake | sizozmaz esegizif you all won't overtake | alaozmaz eseleif they won't overtake |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menozarıq esemif I am going to overtake | senozarıq eseŋif you are going to overtake | olozarıq eseif he is going to overtake | bizozarıq esekif we are going to overtake | sizozarıq esegizif you all are going to overtake | alaozarıq eseleif they are going to overtake |
| Conditional, future | menozarıq tül esemif I am not going to overtake | senozarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to overtake | olozarıq tül eseif he is not going to overtake | bizozarıq tül esekif we are not going to overtake | sizozarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to overtake | alaozarıq tül eseleif they are not going to overtake |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menozarıq bolsamif I were going to overtake | senozarıq bolsaŋif you were going to overtake | olozarıq bolsaif he were going to overtake | bizozarıq bolsaqif we were going to overtake | sizozarıq bolsağızif you all were going to overtake | alaozarıq bolsalaif they were going to overtake |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menozmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to overtake | senozmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to overtake | olozmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to overtake | bizozmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to overtake | sizozmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to overtake | alaozmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to overtake |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso ozduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menoza bolurmaI must be overtaking | senoza bolursayou must be overtaking | oloza bolurhe must be overtaking | bizoza bolurbuzwe must be overtaking | sizoza bolursuzyou all must be overtaking | alaoza bolurlathey must be overtaking |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menozmay bolurmaI must not be overtaking | senozmay bolursayou must not be overtaking | olozmay bolurhe must not be overtaking | bizozmay bolurbuzwe must not be overtaking | sizozmay bolursuzyou all must not be overtaking | alaozmay bolurlathey must not be overtaking |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menoza tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of overtaking | senoza tura bolursayou must be in the middle of overtaking | oloza tura bolurhe must be in the middle of overtaking | bizoza tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of overtaking | sizoza tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of overtaking | alaoza tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of overtaking |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menozmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not overtaking | senozmay tura bolursayou must keep on not overtaking | olozmay tura bolurhe must keep on not overtaking | bizozmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not overtaking | sizozmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not overtaking | alaozmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not overtaking |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menozğan bolurmaI must have overtaked | senozğan bolursayou must have overtaked | olozğan bolurhe must have overtaked | bizozğan bolurbuzwe must have overtaked | sizozğan bolursuzyou all must have overtaked | alaozğan bolurlathey must have overtaked |
| Inference (must have) | menozmağan bolurmaI must not have overtaked | senozmağan bolursayou must not have overtaked | olozmağan bolurhe must not have overtaked | bizozmağan bolurbuzwe must not have overtaked | sizozmağan bolursuzyou all must not have overtaked | alaozmağan bolurlathey must not have overtaked |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menozarıq bolurmaI must be going to overtake | senozarıq bolursayou must be going to overtake | olozarıq bolurhe must be going to overtake | bizozarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to overtake | sizozarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to overtake | alaozarıq bolurlathey must be going to overtake |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menozmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to overtake | senozmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to overtake | olozmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to overtake | bizozmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to overtake | sizozmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to overtake | alaozmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to overtake |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menozayımlet me overtake | senoz!overtake! | olozsunlet him overtake | bizozayıqlet's overtake | sizozuğuz!overtake, you all! | alaozsunlalet them overtake |
| Commands & suggestions | menozmayımlet me not overtake | senozma!don't overtake! | olozmasınlet him not overtake | bizozmayıqlet's not overtake | sizozmağız!don't overtake, you all! | alaozmasınlalet them not overtake |
| Commands & suggestions | menozayımmı?shall I overtake? | olozsunmu?should he overtake? | bizozayıqmı?shall we overtake? | alaozsunlamı?should they overtake? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menozmayımmı?shall I not overtake? | olozmasınmı?should he not overtake? | bizozmayıqmı?shall we not overtake? | alaozmasınlamı?should they not overtake? | ||
| Requests | senozçu2ozçunplease overtake | olozsunçudo let him overtake | sizozçuğuzplease overtake (plural/polite) | alaozsunlaçıdo let them overtake | ||
| Requests | senozmaçı2ozmaçınplease don't overtake | olozmasınçıdo let him not overtake | sizozmaçığızplease don't overtake (plural/polite) | alaozmasınlaçıdo let them not overtake | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senozğunozğumay you overtake | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senozmağınozmağımay you not overtake | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menozğay edim ozğa edimwould that I overtaked | senozğay ediŋ ozğa ediŋwould that you overtaked | olozğay edi ozğa ediwould that he overtaked | bizozğay edik ozğa edikwould that we overtaked | sizozğay edigiz ozğa edigizwould that you all overtaked | alaozğay edile ozğa edilewould that they overtaked |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menozmağay edim ozmağa edimwould that I did not overtake | senozmağay ediŋ ozmağa ediŋwould that you did not overtake | olozmağay edi ozmağa ediwould that he did not overtake | bizozmağay edik ozmağa edikwould that we did not overtake | sizozmağay edigiz ozmağa edigizwould that you all did not overtake | alaozmağay edile ozmağa edilewould that they did not overtake |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menozmağa qoyayımozma qoyayımlet me allow someone to overtake | senozmağa qoy!ozma qoy!let someone overtake! | olozmağa qoysunozma qoysunlet him allow someone to overtake | bizozmağa qoyayıqozma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to overtake | sizozmağa qoyuğuz!ozma qoyuğuz!let someone overtake, you all! | alaozmağa qoysunlaozma qoysunlalet them allow someone to overtake |
| Let someone… (commands) | menozmağa qoymayımozma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to overtake | senozmağa qoyma!ozma qoyma!don't let someone overtake! | olozmağa qoymasınozma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to overtake | bizozmağa qoymayıqozma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to overtake | sizozmağa qoymağız!ozma qoymağız!don't let someone overtake, you all! | alaozmağa qoymasınlaozma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to overtake |
| Let someone… (commands) | menozmağa qoyayımmı?ozma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to overtake? | olozmağa qoysunmu?ozma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to overtake? | bizozmağa qoyayıqmı?ozma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to overtake? | alaozmağa qoysunlamı?ozma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to overtake? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menozmağa qoymayımmı?ozma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to overtake? | olozmağa qoymasınmı?ozma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to overtake? | bizozmağa qoymayıqmı?ozma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to overtake? | alaozmağa qoymasınlamı?ozma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to overtake? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menozmağa qoyamaozma qoyamaI allow someone to overtake | senozmağa qoyasaozma qoyasayou allow someone to overtake | olozmağa qoyadıozma qoyadıhe allows someone to overtake | bizozmağa qoyabızozma qoyabızwe allow someone to overtake | sizozmağa qoyasızozma qoyasızyou all allow someone to overtake | alaozmağa qoyadılaozma qoyadılathey allow someone to overtake |
| Let someone… (present) | menozmağa qoymaymaozma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to overtake | senozmağa qoymaysaozma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to overtake | olozmağa qoymaydıozma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to overtake | bizozmağa qoymaybızozma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to overtake | sizozmağa qoymaysızozma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to overtake | alaozmağa qoymaydılaozma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to overtake |
| Let someone… (present) | menozmağa qoyamamı?ozma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to overtake? | senozmağa qoyamısa?ozma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to overtake? | olozmağa qoyamıdı?ozma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to overtake? | bizozmağa qoyabızmı?ozma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to overtake? | sizozmağa qoyamısız?ozma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to overtake? | alaozmağa qoyamıdıla?ozma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to overtake? |
| Let someone… (present) | menozmağa qoymaymamı?ozma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to overtake? | senozmağa qoymaymısa?ozma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to overtake? | olozmağa qoymaymıdı?ozma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to overtake? | bizozmağa qoymaybızmı?ozma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to overtake? | sizozmağa qoymaymısız?ozma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to overtake? | alaozmağa qoymaymıdıla?ozma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to overtake? |
| Let someone… (past) | menozmağa qoydumozma qoydumI allowed someone to overtake | senozmağa qoyduŋozma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to overtake | olozmağa qoyduozma qoyduhe allowed someone to overtake | bizozmağa qoyduqozma qoyduqwe allowed someone to overtake | sizozmağa qoyduğuzozma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to overtake | alaozmağa qoydulaozma qoydulathey allowed someone to overtake |
| Let someone… (past) | menozmağa qoymadımozma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to overtake | senozmağa qoymadıŋozma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to overtake | olozmağa qoymadıozma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to overtake | bizozmağa qoymadıqozma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to overtake | sizozmağa qoymadığızozma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to overtake | alaozmağa qoymadılaozma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to overtake |
| Let someone… (past) | menozmağa qoydummu?ozma qoydummu?did I allow someone to overtake? | senozmağa qoyduŋmu?ozma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to overtake? | olozmağa qoydumu?ozma qoydumu?did he allow someone to overtake? | bizozmağa qoyduqmu?ozma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to overtake? | sizozmağa qoyduğuzmu?ozma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to overtake? | alaozmağa qoydulamı?ozma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to overtake? |
| Let someone… (past) | menozmağa qoymadımmı?ozma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to overtake? | senozmağa qoymadıŋmı?ozma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to overtake? | olozmağa qoymadımı?ozma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to overtake? | bizozmağa qoymadıqmı?ozma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to overtake? | sizozmağa qoymadığızmı?ozma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to overtake? | alaozmağa qoymadılamı?ozma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to overtake? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
ozalırğa be able to overtake · ozalmazğa be unable to overtake
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menozalamaI can overtake | senozalasayou can overtake | olozaladıhe can overtake | bizozalabızwe can overtake | sizozalasızyou all can overtake | alaozaladılathey can overtake |
| Ability — present | menozalmaymaI can't overtake | senozalmaysayou can't overtake | olozalmaydıhe can't overtake | bizozalmaybızwe can't overtake | sizozalmaysızyou all can't overtake | alaozalmaydılathey can't overtake |
| Ability — present | menozalamamı? ozalamıma?can I overtake? | senozalamısa?can you overtake? | olozalamıdı?can he overtake? | bizozalabızmı? ozalamıbız?can we overtake? | sizozalamısız?can you all overtake? | alaozalamıdıla?can they overtake? |
| Ability — present | menozalmaymamı? ozalmaymıma?can't I overtake? | senozalmaymısa?can't you overtake? | olozalmaymıdı?can't he overtake? | bizozalmaybızmı? ozalmaymıbız?can't we overtake? | sizozalmaymısız?can't you all overtake? | alaozalmaymıdıla?can't they overtake? |
| Ability — if I can… | menozalsamif I can overtake | senozalsaŋif you can overtake | olozalsaif he can overtake | bizozalsaqif we can overtake | sizozalsağızif you all can overtake | alaozalsalaif they can overtake |
| Ability — if I can… | menozalmasamif I can't overtake | senozalmasaŋif you can't overtake | olozalmasaif he can't overtake | bizozalmasaqif we can't overtake | sizozalmasağızif you all can't overtake | alaozalmasalaif they can't overtake |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menozaldımI was able to overtake | senozaldıŋyou were able to overtake | olozaldıhe was able to overtake | bizozaldıqwe were able to overtake | sizozaldığızyou all were able to overtake | alaozaldılathey were able to overtake |
| Ability — simple past | menozalmadımI could not overtake | senozalmadıŋyou could not overtake | olozalmadıhe could not overtake | bizozalmadıqwe could not overtake | sizozalmadığızyou all could not overtake | alaozalmadılathey could not overtake |
| Ability — simple past | menozaldımmı?was I able to overtake? | senozaldıŋmı?were you able to overtake? | olozaldımı?was he able to overtake? | bizozaldıqmı?were we able to overtake? | sizozaldığızmı?were you all able to overtake? | alaozaldılamı?were they able to overtake? |
| Ability — simple past | menozalmadımmı?couldn't I overtake? | senozalmadıŋmı?couldn't you overtake? | olozalmadımı?couldn't he overtake? | bizozalmadıqmı?couldn't we overtake? | sizozalmadığızmı?couldn't you all overtake? | alaozalmadılamı?couldn't they overtake? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menozalğanmaI have been able to overtake | senozalğansayou have been able to overtake | olozalğandıhe has been able to overtake | bizozalğanbızwe have been able to overtake | sizozalğansızyou all have been able to overtake | alaozalğandılathey have been able to overtake |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menozalmağanmaI haven't been able to overtake | senozalmağansayou haven't been able to overtake | olozalmağandıhe hasn't been able to overtake | bizozalmağanbızwe haven't been able to overtake | sizozalmağansızyou all haven't been able to overtake | alaozalmağandılathey haven't been able to overtake |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menozalğanmamı? ozalğanmıma?have I been able to overtake? | senozalğanmısa?have you been able to overtake? | olozalğanmıdı?has he been able to overtake? | bizozalğanbızmı? ozalğanmıbız?have we been able to overtake? | sizozalğanmısız?have you all been able to overtake? | alaozalğanmıdıla?have they been able to overtake? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menozalmağanmamı? ozalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to overtake? | senozalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to overtake? | olozalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to overtake? | bizozalmağanbızmı? ozalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to overtake? | sizozalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to overtake? | alaozalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to overtake? |
| Ability — past perfect | menozalğan edimozalğanemI had been able to overtake | senozalğan ediŋozalğaneŋyou had been able to overtake | olozalğan ediozalğanedhe had been able to overtake | bizozalğan edikozalğanekwe had been able to overtake | sizozalğan edigizozalğanegizyou all had been able to overtake | alaozalğan edileozalğanellethey had been able to overtake |
| Ability — past perfect | menozalmağan edimozalmağanemI hadn't been able to overtake | senozalmağan ediŋozalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to overtake | olozalmağan ediozalmağanedhe hadn't been able to overtake | bizozalmağan edikozalmağanekwe hadn't been able to overtake | sizozalmağan edigizozalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to overtake | alaozalmağan edileozalmağanellethey hadn't been able to overtake |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menozala edimozalaemI could overtake | senozala ediŋozalaeŋyou could overtake | olozala ediozalaedhe could overtake | bizozala edikozalaekwe could overtake | sizozala edigizozalaegizyou all could overtake | alaozala edileozalaellethey could overtake |
| Ability — past background | menozalmay edimozalmayemI could not overtake | senozalmay ediŋozalmayeŋyou could not overtake | olozalmay ediozalmayedhe could not overtake | bizozalmay edikozalmayekwe could not overtake | sizozalmay edigizozalmayegizyou all could not overtake | alaozalmay edileozalmayellethey could not overtake |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menozalırmaI will be able to overtake | senozalırsayou will be able to overtake | olozalırhe will be able to overtake | bizozalırbızwe will be able to overtake | sizozalırsızyou all will be able to overtake | alaozalırlathey will be able to overtake |
| Ability — future I | menozalmazmaI won't be able to overtake | senozalmazsayou won't be able to overtake | olozalmazhe won't be able to overtake | bizozalmazbızwe won't be able to overtake | sizozalmazsızyou all won't be able to overtake | alaozalmazlathey won't be able to overtake |
| Ability — future I | menozalırmamı? ozalırmıma?will I be able to overtake? | senozalırmısa?will you be able to overtake? | olozalırmı?will he be able to overtake? | bizozalırbızmı? ozalırmıbız?will we be able to overtake? | sizozalırmısız?will you all be able to overtake? | alaozalırlamı? ozalırmıla?will they be able to overtake? |
| Ability — future I | menozalmazmamı? ozalmazmıma?won't I be able to overtake? | senozalmazmısa?won't you be able to overtake? | olozalmazmı?won't he be able to overtake? | bizozalmazbızmı? ozalmazmıbız?won't we be able to overtake? | sizozalmazmısız?won't you all be able to overtake? | alaozalmazlamı? ozalmazmıla?won't they be able to overtake? |
| Ability — future II | menozallıqmaI am going to be able to overtake | senozallıqsayou are going to be able to overtake | olozallıqdıhe is going to be able to overtake | bizozallıqbızwe are going to be able to overtake | sizozallıqsızyou all are going to be able to overtake | alaozallıqdılathey are going to be able to overtake |
| Ability — future II | menozallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to overtake | senozallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to overtake | olozallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to overtake | bizozallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to overtake | sizozallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to overtake | alaozallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to overtake |
| Ability — future II | menozallıqmamı? ozallıqmıma?am I going to be able to overtake? | senozallıqmısa?are you going to be able to overtake? | olozallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to overtake? | bizozallıqbızmı? ozallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to overtake? | sizozallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to overtake? | alaozallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to overtake? |
| Ability — future II | menozallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to overtake? | senozallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to overtake? | olozallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to overtake? | bizozallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to overtake? | sizozallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to overtake? | alaozallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to overtake? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menozalır edimozalır emI would be able to overtake | senozalır ediŋozalır eŋyou would be able to overtake | olozalır ediozalır edhe would be able to overtake | bizozalır edikozalır ekwe would be able to overtake | sizozalır edigizozalır egizyou all would be able to overtake | alaozalır edileozalır ellethey would be able to overtake |
| Ability — would be able to… | menozalmaz edimozalmaz emI wouldn't be able to overtake | senozalmaz ediŋozalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to overtake | olozalmaz ediozalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to overtake | bizozalmaz edikozalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to overtake | sizozalmaz edigizozalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to overtake | alaozalmaz edileozalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to overtake |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senozalğınozalğımay you be able to overtake | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senozalmağınozalmağımay you not be able to overtake | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menozarğa izleymeI want to overtake | senozarğa izleyseyou want to overtake | olozarğa izleydihe wants to overtake | bizozarğa izleybizwe want to overtake | sizozarğa izleysizyou all want to overtake | alaozarğa izleydilethey want to overtake |
| want to | menozarğa izlemeymeI do not want to overtake | senozarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to overtake | olozarğa izlemeydihe does not want to overtake | bizozarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to overtake | sizozarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to overtake | alaozarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to overtake |
| would like to | menozarğa süemeI would like to overtake | senozarğa süeseyou would like to overtake | olozarğa süedihe would like to overtake | bizozarğa süebizwe would like to overtake | sizozarğa süesizyou all would like to overtake | alaozarğa süedilethey would like to overtake |
| would like to | menozarğa süymeymeI would not like to overtake | senozarğa süymeyseyou would not like to overtake | olozarğa süymeydihe would not like to overtake | bizozarğa süymeybizwe would not like to overtake | sizozarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to overtake | alaozarğa süymeydilethey would not like to overtake |
| hope to | menozarğa umutlanamaI hope to overtake | senozarğa umutlanasayou hope to overtake | olozarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to overtake | bizozarğa umutlanabızwe hope to overtake | sizozarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to overtake | alaozarğa umutlanadılathey hope to overtake |
| hope to | menozarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to overtake | senozarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to overtake | olozarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to overtake | bizozarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to overtake | sizozarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to overtake | alaozarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to overtake |
| be about to | menozarğa deb turamaI am about to overtake | senozarğa deb turasayou are about to overtake | olozarğa deb turadıhe is about to overtake | bizozarğa deb turabızwe are about to overtake | sizozarğa deb turasızyou all are about to overtake | alaozarğa deb turadılathey are about to overtake |
| be about to | menozarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to overtake | senozarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to overtake | olozarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to overtake | bizozarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to overtake | sizozarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to overtake | alaozarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to overtake |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menozarğa kerekmeI need to overtake | senozarğa kerekseyou need to overtake | olozarğa kerekdihe needs to overtake | bizozarğa kerekbizwe need to overtake | sizozarğa kereksizyou all need to overtake | alaozarğa kerekdilethey need to overtake |
| need to | menozarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to overtake | senozarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to overtake | olozarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to overtake | bizozarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to overtake | sizozarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to overtake | alaozarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to overtake |
| have to | menmenŋe ozarğa tüşediI have to overtake | sensenŋe ozarğa tüşediyou have to overtake | olaŋa ozarğa tüşedihe has to overtake | bizbizge ozarğa tüşediwe have to overtake | sizsizge ozarğa tüşediyou all have to overtake | alaalağa ozarğa tüşedithey have to overtake |
| have to | menmenŋe ozarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to overtake | sensenŋe ozarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to overtake | olaŋa ozarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to overtake | bizbizge ozarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to overtake | sizsizge ozarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to overtake | alaalağa ozarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to overtake |
| be obliged to | menozarğa borçlumaI am obliged to overtake | senozarğa borçlusayou are obliged to overtake | olozarğa borçluduhe is obliged to overtake | bizozarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to overtake | sizozarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to overtake | alaozarğa borçludulathey are obliged to overtake |
| be obliged to | menozarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to overtake | senozarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to overtake | olozarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to overtake | bizozarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to overtake | sizozarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to overtake | alaozarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to overtake |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menozarğa madarım bardıI have a way to overtake | senozarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to overtake | olozarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to overtake | bizozarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to overtake | sizozarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to overtake | alaozarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to overtake |
| have a way to | menozarğa madarım joqduI have no way to overtake | senozarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to overtake | olozarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to overtake | bizozarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to overtake | sizozarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to overtake | alaozarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to overtake |
| be free to | menozarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to overtake | senozarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to overtake | olozarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to overtake | bizozarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to overtake | sizozarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to overtake | alaozarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to overtake |
| be free to | menozarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to overtake | senozarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to overtake | olozarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to overtake | bizozarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to overtake | sizozarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to overtake | alaozarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to overtake |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ozarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to overtake | sensenŋe ozarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to overtake | olaŋa ozarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to overtake | bizbizge ozarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to overtake | sizsizge ozarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to overtake | alaalağa ozarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to overtake |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ozarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to overtake | sensenŋe ozarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to overtake | olaŋa ozarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to overtake | bizbizge ozarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to overtake | sizsizge ozarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to overtake | alaalağa ozarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to overtake |
| be ready to | menozarğa hazırmaI am ready to overtake | senozarğa hazırsayou are ready to overtake | olozarğa hazırdıhe is ready to overtake | bizozarğa hazırbızwe are ready to overtake | sizozarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to overtake | alaozarğa hazırdılathey are ready to overtake |
| be ready to | menozarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to overtake | senozarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to overtake | olozarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to overtake | bizozarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to overtake | sizozarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to overtake | alaozarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to overtake |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menozarğa küreşemeI am trying to overtake | senozarğa küreşeseyou are trying to overtake | olozarğa küreşedihe is trying to overtake | bizozarğa küreşebizwe are trying to overtake | sizozarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to overtake | alaozarğa küreşedilethey are trying to overtake |
| try to | menozarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to overtake | senozarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to overtake | olozarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to overtake | bizozarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to overtake | sizozarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to overtake | alaozarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to overtake |
| agree to | menozarğa unaymaI agree to overtake | senozarğa unaysayou agree to overtake | olozarğa unaydıhe agrees to overtake | bizozarğa unaybızwe agree to overtake | sizozarğa unaysızyou all agree to overtake | alaozarğa unaydılathey agree to overtake |
| agree to | menozarğa unamaymaI refuse to overtake | senozarğa unamaysayou refuse to overtake | olozarğa unamaydıhe refuses to overtake | bizozarğa unamaybızwe refuse to overtake | sizozarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to overtake | alaozarğa unamaydılathey refuse to overtake |
| hurry to | menozarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to overtake | senozarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to overtake | olozarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to overtake | bizozarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to overtake | sizozarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to overtake | alaozarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to overtake |
| hurry to | menozarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to overtake | senozarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to overtake | olozarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to overtake | bizozarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to overtake | sizozarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to overtake | alaozarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to overtake |
| be afraid to | menozarğa qorqamaI am afraid to overtake | senozarğa qorqasayou are afraid to overtake | olozarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to overtake | bizozarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to overtake | sizozarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to overtake | alaozarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to overtake |
| be afraid to | menozarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to overtake | senozarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to overtake | olozarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to overtake | bizozarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to overtake | sizozarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to overtake | alaozarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to overtake |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menoza bolmazmaI can't be overtaking | senoza bolmazsayou can't be overtaking | oloza bolmazhe can't be overtaking | bizoza bolmazbızwe can't be overtaking | sizoza bolmazsızyou all can't be overtaking | alaoza bolmazlathey can't be overtaking |
| Inference, present — double negation | menozmay bolmazmaI must be overtaking (emphatic) | senozmay bolmazsayou must be overtaking (emphatic) | olozmay bolmazhe must be overtaking (emphatic) | bizozmay bolmazbızwe must be overtaking (emphatic) | sizozmay bolmazsızyou all must be overtaking (emphatic) | alaozmay bolmazlathey must be overtaking (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menoza turmasamif I don't keep overtaking | senoza turmasaŋif you don't keep overtaking | oloza turmasaif he doesn't keep overtaking | bizoza turmasaqif we don't keep overtaking | sizoza turmasağızif you all don't keep overtaking | alaoza turmasalaif they don't keep overtaking |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menoza tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of overtaking | senoza tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of overtaking | oloza tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of overtaking | bizoza tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of overtaking | sizoza tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of overtaking | alaoza tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of overtaking |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menozmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not overtaking (emphatic) | senozmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not overtaking (emphatic) | olozmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not overtaking (emphatic) | bizozmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not overtaking (emphatic) | sizozmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not overtaking (emphatic) | alaozmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not overtaking (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menozmay turamaI keep on not overtaking | senozmay turasayou keep on not overtaking | olozmay turadıhe keeps on not overtaking | bizozmay turabızwe keep on not overtaking | sizozmay turasızyou all keep on not overtaking | alaozmay turadılathey keep on not overtaking |
| Progressive — double negation | menozmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not overtaking | senozmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not overtaking | olozmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not overtaking | bizozmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not overtaking | sizozmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not overtaking | alaozmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not overtaking |
| Progressive — double negation | menozmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not overtaking? | senozmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not overtaking? | olozmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not overtaking? | bizozmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not overtaking? | sizozmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not overtaking? | alaozmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not overtaking? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menozğan bolmazmaI can't have overtaked | senozğan bolmazsayou can't have overtaked | olozğan bolmazhe can't have overtaked | bizozğan bolmazbızwe can't have overtaked | sizozğan bolmazsızyou all can't have overtaked | alaozğan bolmazlathey can't have overtaked |
| Inference — double negation | menozmağan bolmazmaI must have overtaked (emphatic) | senozmağan bolmazsayou must have overtaked (emphatic) | olozmağan bolmazhe must have overtaked (emphatic) | bizozmağan bolmazbızwe must have overtaked (emphatic) | sizozmağan bolmazsızyou all must have overtaked (emphatic) | alaozmağan bolmazlathey must have overtaked (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menozğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had overtaked | senozğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had overtaked | olozğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had overtaked | bizozğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had overtaked | sizozğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had overtaked | alaozğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had overtaked |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menozmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't overtaked | senozmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't overtaked | olozmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't overtaked | bizozmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't overtaked | sizozmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't overtaked | alaozmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't overtaked |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menozarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to overtake | senozarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to overtake | olozarıq bolmazhe can't be going to overtake | bizozarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to overtake | sizozarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to overtake | alaozarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to overtake |
| Inference, future — double negation | menozmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to overtake (emphatic) | senozmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to overtake (emphatic) | olozmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to overtake (emphatic) | bizozmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to overtake (emphatic) | sizozmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to overtake (emphatic) | alaozmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to overtake (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menozarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to overtake | senozarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to overtake | olozarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to overtake | bizozarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to overtake | sizozarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to overtake | alaozarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to overtake |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menozmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to overtake | senozmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to overtake | olozmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to overtake | bizozmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to overtake | sizozmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to overtake | alaozmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to overtake |