jeŋilletirge
/dʒeŋilletirɡe/
1. lighten, make lighter, take weight off
- jüknü jeŋilletirge — to lighten the load
- eşekni jügün jeŋilletdi — lightened the donkey's load
- ol meni jügümü jeŋilletdi — he lightened my load
- arbanı jügün jeŋillet — lighten the cart's load
- arbanı jeŋilletdile — they made the cart lighter
- işni jeŋilletirge — to make the work lighter
2. speed up, quicken, hurry — Said of a pace or a piece of work, or of hurrying someone on their way.
- jaşçıq atlamın jeŋilletdi — the little boy quickened his step
- ala işni jeŋilletdile — they sped up the work
- jolğa jeŋilletirge — to hurry someone on their way
- atın jeŋilletdi — he quickened his horse
3. relieve, ease someone's physical or emotional distress
- taza hawa anı sanların jeŋilletedi — the fresh air eases his body
- jaraw sanlarıbıznı jeŋilletgendi — the exercise has eased our bodies
- darman anı jeŋilletdi — the medicine relieved him
- bu hapar meni jeŋilletdi — this news relieved me
- awruğannı jeŋilletirge — to relieve the sick person
4. make someone take off their outer clothes
- qonaqnı jeŋilletirge — to have the guest take off their outer clothes
- sabiyni jeŋilletdi — she had the child take his coat off
- üyde anı jeŋilletdile — indoors they had him take off his outer clothes
Conjugation
Common forms
- jeŋilletedihe is lightening
- jeŋilletdihe lightened
- jeŋilletgendihe has lightened
- jeŋilletirhe will lighten
- jeŋilletirikdihe is going to lighten
- jeŋillete edihe was lightening
- jeŋilletseif he lightens
- jeŋillet!lighten!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjeŋilletemeI am lightening | senjeŋilleteseyou are lightening | oljeŋilletedihe is lightening | bizjeŋilletebizwe are lightening | sizjeŋilletesizyou all are lightening | alajeŋilletedilethey are lightening |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjeŋilletmeymeI am not lightening | senjeŋilletmeyseyou are not lightening | oljeŋilletmeydihe is not lightening | bizjeŋilletmeybizwe are not lightening | sizjeŋilletmeysizyou all are not lightening | alajeŋilletmeydilethey are not lightening |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjeŋilletememi? jeŋilletemime?am I lightening? | senjeŋilletemise?are you lightening? | oljeŋilletemidi?is he lightening? | bizjeŋilletebizmi? jeŋilletemibiz?are we lightening? | sizjeŋilletemisiz?are you all lightening? | alajeŋilletemidile?are they lightening? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjeŋilletmeymemi? jeŋilletmeymime?aren't I lightening? | senjeŋilletmeymise?aren't you lightening? | oljeŋilletmeymidi?isn't he lightening? | bizjeŋilletmeybizmi? jeŋilletmeymibiz?aren't we lightening? | sizjeŋilletmeymisiz?aren't you all lightening? | alajeŋilletmeymidile?aren't they lightening? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjeŋilletiwçenmeI usually lighten | senjeŋilletiwçenseyou usually lighten | oljeŋilletiwçendihe usually lightens | bizjeŋilletiwçenbizwe usually lighten | sizjeŋilletiwçensizyou all usually lighten | alajeŋilletiwçendilethey usually lighten |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjeŋilletmewçenmeI usually don't lighten | senjeŋilletmewçenseyou usually don't lighten | oljeŋilletmewçendihe usually doesn't lighten | bizjeŋilletmewçenbizwe usually don't lighten | sizjeŋilletmewçensizyou all usually don't lighten | alajeŋilletmewçendilethey usually don't lighten |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjeŋilletiwçenmemi? jeŋilletiwçenmime?do I usually lighten? | senjeŋilletiwçenmise?do you usually lighten? | oljeŋilletiwçenmidi?does he usually lighten? | bizjeŋilletiwçenbizmi? jeŋilletiwçenmibiz?do we usually lighten? | sizjeŋilletiwçenmisiz?do you all usually lighten? | alajeŋilletiwçenmidile?do they usually lighten? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjeŋilletmewçenmemi? jeŋilletmewçenmime?do I usually not lighten? | senjeŋilletmewçenmise?do you usually not lighten? | oljeŋilletmewçenmidi?does he usually not lighten? | bizjeŋilletmewçenbizmi? jeŋilletmewçenmibiz?do we usually not lighten? | sizjeŋilletmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not lighten? | alajeŋilletmewçenmidile?do they usually not lighten? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljeŋilletibdihe has lightened and remains so | alajeŋilletibdilethey have lightened and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljeŋilletibmidi?has he lightened? | alajeŋilletibmidile?have they lightened? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjeŋilletib turamaI keep lightening | senjeŋilletib turasayou keep lightening | oljeŋilletib turadıhe keeps lightening | bizjeŋilletib turabızwe keep lightening | sizjeŋilletib turasızyou all keep lightening | alajeŋilletib turadılathey keep lightening |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjeŋilletib turmaymaI don't keep lightening | senjeŋilletib turmaysayou don't keep lightening | oljeŋilletib turmaydıhe doesn't keep lightening | bizjeŋilletib turmaybızwe don't keep lightening | sizjeŋilletib turmaysızyou all don't keep lightening | alajeŋilletib turmaydılathey don't keep lightening |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjeŋilletib turamamı? jeŋilletib turamıma?do I keep lightening? | senjeŋilletib turamısa?do you keep lightening? | oljeŋilletib turamıdı?does he keep lightening? | bizjeŋilletib turabızmı? jeŋilletib turamıbız?do we keep lightening? | sizjeŋilletib turamısız?do you all keep lightening? | alajeŋilletib turamıdıla?do they keep lightening? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjeŋilletib turmaymamı? jeŋilletib turmaymıma?don't I keep lightening? | senjeŋilletib turmaymısa?don't you keep lightening? | oljeŋilletib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep lightening? | bizjeŋilletib turmaybızmı? jeŋilletib turmaymıbız?don't we keep lightening? | sizjeŋilletib turmaymısız?don't you all keep lightening? | alajeŋilletib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep lightening? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjeŋillete turamaI am in the middle of lightening | senjeŋillete turasayou are in the middle of lightening | oljeŋillete turadıhe is in the middle of lightening | bizjeŋillete turabızwe are in the middle of lightening | sizjeŋillete turasızyou all are in the middle of lightening | alajeŋillete turadılathey are in the middle of lightening |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjeŋillete turmaymaI am not in the middle of lightening | senjeŋillete turmaysayou are not in the middle of lightening | oljeŋillete turmaydıhe is not in the middle of lightening | bizjeŋillete turmaybızwe are not in the middle of lightening | sizjeŋillete turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of lightening | alajeŋillete turmaydılathey are not in the middle of lightening |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjeŋillete turamamı? jeŋillete turamıma?am I in the middle of lightening? | senjeŋillete turamısa?are you in the middle of lightening? | oljeŋillete turamıdı?is he in the middle of lightening? | bizjeŋillete turabızmı? jeŋillete turamıbız?are we in the middle of lightening? | sizjeŋillete turamısız?are you all in the middle of lightening? | alajeŋillete turamıdıla?are they in the middle of lightening? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjeŋillete turmaymamı? jeŋillete turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of lightening? | senjeŋillete turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of lightening? | oljeŋillete turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of lightening? | bizjeŋillete turmaybızmı? jeŋillete turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of lightening? | sizjeŋillete turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of lightening? | alajeŋillete turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of lightening? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjeŋilletdimI lightened | senjeŋilletdiŋyou lightened | oljeŋilletdihe lightened | bizjeŋilletdikwe lightened | sizjeŋilletdigizyou all lightened | alajeŋilletdilethey lightened |
| Simple past (definite) | menjeŋilletmedimI didn't lighten | senjeŋilletmediŋyou didn't lighten | oljeŋilletmedihe didn't lighten | bizjeŋilletmedikwe didn't lighten | sizjeŋilletmedigizyou all didn't lighten | alajeŋilletmedilethey didn't lighten |
| Simple past (definite) | menjeŋilletdimmi?did I lighten? | senjeŋilletdiŋmi?did you lighten? | oljeŋilletdimi?did he lighten? | bizjeŋilletdikmi?did we lighten? | sizjeŋilletdigizmi?did you all lighten? | alajeŋilletdilemi?did they lighten? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjeŋilletmedimmi?didn't I lighten? | senjeŋilletmediŋmi?didn't you lighten? | oljeŋilletmedimi?didn't he lighten? | bizjeŋilletmedikmi?didn't we lighten? | sizjeŋilletmedigizmi?didn't you all lighten? | alajeŋilletmedilemi?didn't they lighten? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjeŋilletgenmeI have lightened | senjeŋilletgenseyou have lightened | oljeŋilletgendihe has lightened | bizjeŋilletgenbizwe have lightened | sizjeŋilletgensizyou all have lightened | alajeŋilletgendilethey have lightened |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjeŋilletmegenmeI haven't lightened | senjeŋilletmegenseyou haven't lightened | oljeŋilletmegendihe hasn't lightened | bizjeŋilletmegenbizwe haven't lightened | sizjeŋilletmegensizyou all haven't lightened | alajeŋilletmegendilethey haven't lightened |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjeŋilletgenmemi? jeŋilletgenmime?have I lightened? | senjeŋilletgenmise?have you lightened? | oljeŋilletgenmidi?has he lightened? | bizjeŋilletgenbizmi? jeŋilletgenmibiz?have we lightened? | sizjeŋilletgenmisiz?have you all lightened? | alajeŋilletgenmidile?have they lightened? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjeŋilletmegenmemi? jeŋilletmegenmime?haven't I lightened? | senjeŋilletmegenmise?haven't you lightened? | oljeŋilletmegenmidi?hasn't he lightened? | bizjeŋilletmegenbizmi? jeŋilletmegenmibiz?haven't we lightened? | sizjeŋilletmegenmisiz?haven't you all lightened? | alajeŋilletmegenmidile?haven't they lightened? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjeŋilletib turdumI kept lightening | senjeŋilletib turduŋyou kept lightening | oljeŋilletib turduhe kept lightening | bizjeŋilletib turduqwe kept lightening | sizjeŋilletib turduğuzyou all kept lightening | alajeŋilletib turdulathey kept lightening |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjeŋilletib turmadımI didn't keep lightening | senjeŋilletib turmadıŋyou didn't keep lightening | oljeŋilletib turmadıhe didn't keep lightening | bizjeŋilletib turmadıqwe didn't keep lightening | sizjeŋilletib turmadığızyou all didn't keep lightening | alajeŋilletib turmadılathey didn't keep lightening |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjeŋilletirmeI will lighten | senjeŋilletirseyou will lighten | oljeŋilletirhe will lighten | bizjeŋilletirbizwe will lighten | sizjeŋilletirsizyou all will lighten | alajeŋilletirlethey will lighten |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjeŋilletmezmeI won't lighten | senjeŋilletmezseyou won't lighten | oljeŋilletmezhe won't lighten | bizjeŋilletmezbizwe won't lighten | sizjeŋilletmezsizyou all won't lighten | alajeŋilletmezlethey won't lighten |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjeŋilletirmemi? jeŋilletirmime?will I lighten? | senjeŋilletirmise?will you lighten? | oljeŋilletirmi?will he lighten? | bizjeŋilletirbizmi? jeŋilletirmibiz?will we lighten? | sizjeŋilletirmisiz?will you all lighten? | alajeŋilletirlemi? jeŋilletirmile?will they lighten? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjeŋilletmezmemi? jeŋilletmezmime?won't I lighten? | senjeŋilletmezmise?won't you lighten? | oljeŋilletmezmi?won't he lighten? | bizjeŋilletmezbizmi? jeŋilletmezmibiz?won't we lighten? | sizjeŋilletmezmisiz?won't you all lighten? | alajeŋilletmezlemi? jeŋilletmezmile?won't they lighten? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjeŋilletirikmeI am going to lighten | senjeŋilletirikseyou are going to lighten | oljeŋilletirikdihe is going to lighten | bizjeŋilletirikbizwe are going to lighten | sizjeŋilletiriksizyou all are going to lighten | alajeŋilletirikdilethey are going to lighten |
| Definite future (future II) | menjeŋilletirik tülmeI am not going to lighten | senjeŋilletirik tülseyou are not going to lighten | oljeŋilletirik tüldühe is not going to lighten | bizjeŋilletirik tülbüzwe are not going to lighten | sizjeŋilletirik tülsüzyou all are not going to lighten | alajeŋilletirik tüldülethey are not going to lighten |
| Definite future (future II) | menjeŋilletirikmemi? jeŋilletirikmime?am I going to lighten? | senjeŋilletirikmise?are you going to lighten? | oljeŋilletirikmidi?is he going to lighten? | bizjeŋilletirikbizmi? jeŋilletirikmibiz?are we going to lighten? | sizjeŋilletirikmisiz?are you all going to lighten? | alajeŋilletirikmidile?are they going to lighten? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjeŋilletirik tülmüme?aren't I going to lighten? | senjeŋilletirik tülmüse?aren't you going to lighten? | oljeŋilletirik tülmüdü?isn't he going to lighten? | bizjeŋilletirik tülmübüz?aren't we going to lighten? | sizjeŋilletirik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to lighten? | alajeŋilletirik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to lighten? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjeŋilletgen edimjeŋilletgenemI had lightened | senjeŋilletgen ediŋjeŋilletgeneŋyou had lightened | oljeŋilletgen edijeŋilletgenedhe had lightened | bizjeŋilletgen edikjeŋilletgenekwe had lightened | sizjeŋilletgen edigizjeŋilletgenegizyou all had lightened | alajeŋilletgen edilejeŋilletgenellethey had lightened |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjeŋilletmegen edimjeŋilletmegenemI hadn't lightened | senjeŋilletmegen ediŋjeŋilletmegeneŋyou hadn't lightened | oljeŋilletmegen edijeŋilletmegenedhe hadn't lightened | bizjeŋilletmegen edikjeŋilletmegenekwe hadn't lightened | sizjeŋilletmegen edigizjeŋilletmegenegizyou all hadn't lightened | alajeŋilletmegen edilejeŋilletmegenellethey hadn't lightened |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjeŋillete edimjeŋilletemI was lightening | senjeŋillete ediŋjeŋilleteŋyou were lightening | oljeŋillete edijeŋilletedhe was lightening | bizjeŋillete edikjeŋilletekwe were lightening | sizjeŋillete edigizjeŋilletegizyou all were lightening | alajeŋillete edilejeŋilletellethey were lightening |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjeŋilletmey edimjeŋilletmeyemI wasn't lightening | senjeŋilletmey ediŋjeŋilletmeyeŋyou weren't lightening | oljeŋilletmey edijeŋilletmeyedhe wasn't lightening | bizjeŋilletmey edikjeŋilletmeyekwe weren't lightening | sizjeŋilletmey edigizjeŋilletmeyegizyou all weren't lightening | alajeŋilletmey edilejeŋilletmeyellethey weren't lightening |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjeŋilletiwçen edimjeŋilletiwçenemI used to lighten | senjeŋilletiwçen ediŋjeŋilletiwçeneŋyou used to lighten | oljeŋilletiwçen edijeŋilletiwçenedhe used to lighten | bizjeŋilletiwçen edikjeŋilletiwçenekwe used to lighten | sizjeŋilletiwçen edigizjeŋilletiwçenegizyou all used to lighten | alajeŋilletiwçen edilejeŋilletiwçenellethey used to lighten |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjeŋilletmewçen edimjeŋilletmewçenemI didn't use to lighten | senjeŋilletmewçen ediŋjeŋilletmewçeneŋyou didn't use to lighten | oljeŋilletmewçen edijeŋilletmewçenedhe didn't use to lighten | bizjeŋilletmewçen edikjeŋilletmewçenekwe didn't use to lighten | sizjeŋilletmewçen edigizjeŋilletmewçenegizyou all didn't use to lighten | alajeŋilletmewçen edilejeŋilletmewçenellethey didn't use to lighten |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljeŋilletib edihe had lightened and remained so | alajeŋilletib edilethey had lightened and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljeŋilletib tül edihe hadn't lightened | alajeŋilletib tül edilethey hadn't lightened | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjeŋilletib tura edimjeŋilletib turaemI had kept lightening | senjeŋilletib tura ediŋjeŋilletib turaeŋyou had kept lightening | oljeŋilletib tura edijeŋilletib turaedhe had kept lightening | bizjeŋilletib tura edikjeŋilletib turaekwe had kept lightening | sizjeŋilletib tura edigizjeŋilletib turaegizyou all had kept lightening | alajeŋilletib tura edilejeŋilletib turaellethey had kept lightening |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjeŋilletib turmay edimjeŋilletib turmayemI hadn't kept lightening | senjeŋilletib turmay ediŋjeŋilletib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept lightening | oljeŋilletib turmay edijeŋilletib turmayedhe hadn't kept lightening | bizjeŋilletib turmay edikjeŋilletib turmayekwe hadn't kept lightening | sizjeŋilletib turmay edigizjeŋilletib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept lightening | alajeŋilletib turmay edilejeŋilletib turmayellethey hadn't kept lightening |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjeŋillete tura edimjeŋillete turaemI was in the middle of lightening | senjeŋillete tura ediŋjeŋillete turaeŋyou were in the middle of lightening | oljeŋillete tura edijeŋillete turaedhe was in the middle of lightening | bizjeŋillete tura edikjeŋillete turaekwe were in the middle of lightening | sizjeŋillete tura edigizjeŋillete turaegizyou all were in the middle of lightening | alajeŋillete tura edilejeŋillete turaellethey were in the middle of lightening |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjeŋillete turmay edimjeŋillete turmayemI wasn't in the middle of lightening | senjeŋillete turmay ediŋjeŋillete turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of lightening | oljeŋillete turmay edijeŋillete turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of lightening | bizjeŋillete turmay edikjeŋillete turmayekwe weren't in the middle of lightening | sizjeŋillete turmay edigizjeŋillete turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of lightening | alajeŋillete turmay edilejeŋillete turmayellethey weren't in the middle of lightening |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjeŋilletir edimjeŋilletir emI would lighten | senjeŋilletir ediŋjeŋilletir eŋyou would lighten | oljeŋilletir edijeŋilletir edhe would lighten | bizjeŋilletir edikjeŋilletir ekwe would lighten | sizjeŋilletir edigizjeŋilletir egizyou all would lighten | alajeŋilletir edilejeŋilletir ellethey would lighten |
| Conditional result (would) | menjeŋilletmez edimjeŋilletmez emI wouldn't lighten | senjeŋilletmez ediŋjeŋilletmez eŋyou wouldn't lighten | oljeŋilletmez edijeŋilletmez edhe wouldn't lighten | bizjeŋilletmez edikjeŋilletmez ekwe wouldn't lighten | sizjeŋilletmez edigizjeŋilletmez egizyou all wouldn't lighten | alajeŋilletmez edilejeŋilletmez ellethey wouldn't lighten |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjeŋilletirik edimjeŋilletirik emI would have lightened | senjeŋilletirik ediŋjeŋilletirik eŋyou would have lightened | oljeŋilletirik edijeŋilletirik edhe would have lightened | bizjeŋilletirik edikjeŋilletirik ekwe would have lightened | sizjeŋilletirik edigizjeŋilletirik egizyou all would have lightened | alajeŋilletirik edilejeŋilletirik ellethey would have lightened |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjeŋilletirik tül edimjeŋilletirik tül emI wouldn't have lightened | senjeŋilletirik tül ediŋjeŋilletirik tül eŋyou wouldn't have lightened | oljeŋilletirik tül edijeŋilletirik tül edhe wouldn't have lightened | bizjeŋilletirik tül edikjeŋilletirik tül ekwe wouldn't have lightened | sizjeŋilletirik tül edigizjeŋilletirik tül egizyou all wouldn't have lightened | alajeŋilletirik tül edilejeŋilletirik tül ellethey wouldn't have lightened |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjeŋilletsemif I lighten | senjeŋilletseŋif you lighten | oljeŋilletseif he lightens | bizjeŋilletsekif we lighten | sizjeŋilletsegizif you all lighten | alajeŋilletseleif they lighten |
| Conditional | menjeŋilletmesemif I don't lighten | senjeŋilletmeseŋif you don't lighten | oljeŋilletmeseif he doesn't lighten | bizjeŋilletmesekif we don't lighten | sizjeŋilletmesegizif you all don't lighten | alajeŋilletmeseleif they don't lighten |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjeŋillete esemif I am lightening | senjeŋillete eseŋif you are lightening | oljeŋillete eseif he is lightening | bizjeŋillete esekif we are lightening | sizjeŋillete esegizif you all are lightening | alajeŋillete eseleif they are lightening |
| Conditional, present real | menjeŋilletmey esemif I am not lightening | senjeŋilletmey eseŋif you are not lightening | oljeŋilletmey eseif he is not lightening | bizjeŋilletmey esekif we are not lightening | sizjeŋilletmey esegizif you all are not lightening | alajeŋilletmey eseleif they are not lightening |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjeŋilletsem edijeŋilletsem edif only I lightened | senjeŋilletseŋ edijeŋilletseŋ edif only you lightened | oljeŋilletse edijeŋilletsedif only he lightened | bizjeŋilletsek edijeŋilletsek edif only we lightened | sizjeŋilletsegiz edijeŋilletsegiz edif only you all lightened | alajeŋilletsele edijeŋilletseledif only they lightened |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjeŋilletmesem edijeŋilletmesem edif only I didn't lighten | senjeŋilletmeseŋ edijeŋilletmeseŋ edif only you didn't lighten | oljeŋilletmese edijeŋilletmesedif only he didn't lighten | bizjeŋilletmesek edijeŋilletmesek edif only we didn't lighten | sizjeŋilletmesegiz edijeŋilletmesegiz edif only you all didn't lighten | alajeŋilletmesele edijeŋilletmeseledif only they didn't lighten |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjeŋilletib tursamif I carry on lightening | senjeŋilletib tursaŋif you carry on lightening | oljeŋilletib tursaif he carries on lightening | bizjeŋilletib tursaqif we carry on lightening | sizjeŋilletib tursağızif you all carry on lightening | alajeŋilletib tursalaif they carry on lightening |
| Durative conditional | menjeŋilletib turmasamif I don't carry on lightening | senjeŋilletib turmasaŋif you don't carry on lightening | oljeŋilletib turmasaif he doesn't carry on lightening | bizjeŋilletib turmasaqif we don't carry on lightening | sizjeŋilletib turmasağızif you all don't carry on lightening | alajeŋilletib turmasalaif they don't carry on lightening |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjeŋilletib tura esemif I have kept lightening | senjeŋilletib tura eseŋif you have kept lightening | oljeŋilletib tura eseif he has kept lightening | bizjeŋilletib tura esekif we have kept lightening | sizjeŋilletib tura esegizif you all have kept lightening | alajeŋilletib tura eseleif they have kept lightening |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjeŋilletib turmay esemif I haven't kept lightening | senjeŋilletib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept lightening | oljeŋilletib turmay eseif he hasn't kept lightening | bizjeŋilletib turmay esekif we haven't kept lightening | sizjeŋilletib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept lightening | alajeŋilletib turmay eseleif they haven't kept lightening |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjeŋillete tursamif I keep lightening | senjeŋillete tursaŋif you keep lightening | oljeŋillete tursaif he keeps lightening | bizjeŋillete tursaqif we keep lightening | sizjeŋillete tursağızif you all keep lightening | alajeŋillete tursalaif they keep lightening |
| Progressive conditional | menjeŋilletmey tursamif I keep on not lightening | senjeŋilletmey tursaŋif you keep on not lightening | oljeŋilletmey tursaif he keeps on not lightening | bizjeŋilletmey tursaqif we keep on not lightening | sizjeŋilletmey tursağızif you all keep on not lightening | alajeŋilletmey tursalaif they keep on not lightening |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjeŋillete tura esemif I am in the middle of lightening | senjeŋillete tura eseŋif you are in the middle of lightening | oljeŋillete tura eseif he is in the middle of lightening | bizjeŋillete tura esekif we are in the middle of lightening | sizjeŋillete tura esegizif you all are in the middle of lightening | alajeŋillete tura eseleif they are in the middle of lightening |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjeŋilletmey tura esemif I keep on not lightening | senjeŋilletmey tura eseŋif you keep on not lightening | oljeŋilletmey tura eseif he keeps on not lightening | bizjeŋilletmey tura esekif we keep on not lightening | sizjeŋilletmey tura esegizif you all keep on not lightening | alajeŋilletmey tura eseleif they keep on not lightening |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjeŋilletdim esemif I lightened | senjeŋilletdiŋ eseŋif you lightened | oljeŋilletdi eseif he lightened | bizjeŋilletdik esekif we lightened | sizjeŋilletdigiz esegizif you all lightened | alajeŋilletdile eseleif they lightened |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjeŋilletmedim esemif I didn't lighten | senjeŋilletmediŋ eseŋif you didn't lighten | oljeŋilletmedi eseif he didn't lighten | bizjeŋilletmedik esekif we didn't lighten | sizjeŋilletmedigiz esegizif you all didn't lighten | alajeŋilletmedile eseleif they didn't lighten |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjeŋilletgen esemif I did lighten (indeed) | senjeŋilletgen eseŋif you did lighten (indeed) | oljeŋilletgen eseif he did lighten (indeed) | bizjeŋilletgen esekif we did lighten (indeed) | sizjeŋilletgen esegizif you all did lighten (indeed) | alajeŋilletgen eseleif they did lighten (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjeŋilletmegen esemif I didn't lighten (indeed) | senjeŋilletmegen eseŋif you didn't lighten (indeed) | oljeŋilletmegen eseif he didn't lighten (indeed) | bizjeŋilletmegen esekif we didn't lighten (indeed) | sizjeŋilletmegen esegizif you all didn't lighten (indeed) | alajeŋilletmegen eseleif they didn't lighten (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjeŋilletgen bolsamif I had lightened | senjeŋilletgen bolsaŋif you had lightened | oljeŋilletgen bolsaif he had lightened | bizjeŋilletgen bolsaqif we had lightened | sizjeŋilletgen bolsağızif you all had lightened | alajeŋilletgen bolsalaif they had lightened |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjeŋilletmegen bolsamif I hadn't lightened | senjeŋilletmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't lightened | oljeŋilletmegen bolsaif he hadn't lightened | bizjeŋilletmegen bolsaqif we hadn't lightened | sizjeŋilletmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't lightened | alajeŋilletmegen bolsalaif they hadn't lightened |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjeŋilletgen bolsam edijeŋilletgen bolsam edif only I had lightened | senjeŋilletgen bolsaŋ edijeŋilletgen bolsaŋ edif only you had lightened | oljeŋilletgen bolsa edijeŋilletgen bolsaedif only he had lightened | bizjeŋilletgen bolsaq edijeŋilletgen bolsaq edif only we had lightened | sizjeŋilletgen bolsağız edijeŋilletgen bolsağız edif only you all had lightened | alajeŋilletgen bolsala edijeŋilletgen bolsalaedif only they had lightened |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjeŋilletmegen bolsam edijeŋilletmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't lightened | senjeŋilletmegen bolsaŋ edijeŋilletmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't lightened | oljeŋilletmegen bolsa edijeŋilletmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't lightened | bizjeŋilletmegen bolsaq edijeŋilletmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't lightened | sizjeŋilletmegen bolsağız edijeŋilletmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't lightened | alajeŋilletmegen bolsala edijeŋilletmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't lightened |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjeŋilletir esemif I will lighten | senjeŋilletir eseŋif you will lighten | oljeŋilletir eseif he will lighten | bizjeŋilletir esekif we will lighten | sizjeŋilletir esegizif you all will lighten | alajeŋilletir eseleif they will lighten |
| Conditional, aorist | menjeŋilletmez esemif I won't lighten | senjeŋilletmez eseŋif you won't lighten | oljeŋilletmez eseif he won't lighten | bizjeŋilletmez esekif we won't lighten | sizjeŋilletmez esegizif you all won't lighten | alajeŋilletmez eseleif they won't lighten |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjeŋilletirik esemif I am going to lighten | senjeŋilletirik eseŋif you are going to lighten | oljeŋilletirik eseif he is going to lighten | bizjeŋilletirik esekif we are going to lighten | sizjeŋilletirik esegizif you all are going to lighten | alajeŋilletirik eseleif they are going to lighten |
| Conditional, future | menjeŋilletirik tül esemif I am not going to lighten | senjeŋilletirik tül eseŋif you are not going to lighten | oljeŋilletirik tül eseif he is not going to lighten | bizjeŋilletirik tül esekif we are not going to lighten | sizjeŋilletirik tül esegizif you all are not going to lighten | alajeŋilletirik tül eseleif they are not going to lighten |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjeŋilletirik bolsamif I were going to lighten | senjeŋilletirik bolsaŋif you were going to lighten | oljeŋilletirik bolsaif he were going to lighten | bizjeŋilletirik bolsaqif we were going to lighten | sizjeŋilletirik bolsağızif you all were going to lighten | alajeŋilletirik bolsalaif they were going to lighten |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjeŋilletmezlik bolsamif I were not going to lighten | senjeŋilletmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to lighten | oljeŋilletmezlik bolsaif he were not going to lighten | bizjeŋilletmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to lighten | sizjeŋilletmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to lighten | alajeŋilletmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to lighten |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jeŋilletdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjeŋillete bolurmaI must be lightening | senjeŋillete bolursayou must be lightening | oljeŋillete bolurhe must be lightening | bizjeŋillete bolurbuzwe must be lightening | sizjeŋillete bolursuzyou all must be lightening | alajeŋillete bolurlathey must be lightening |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjeŋilletmey bolurmaI must not be lightening | senjeŋilletmey bolursayou must not be lightening | oljeŋilletmey bolurhe must not be lightening | bizjeŋilletmey bolurbuzwe must not be lightening | sizjeŋilletmey bolursuzyou all must not be lightening | alajeŋilletmey bolurlathey must not be lightening |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjeŋillete tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of lightening | senjeŋillete tura bolursayou must be in the middle of lightening | oljeŋillete tura bolurhe must be in the middle of lightening | bizjeŋillete tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of lightening | sizjeŋillete tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of lightening | alajeŋillete tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of lightening |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjeŋilletmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not lightening | senjeŋilletmey tura bolursayou must keep on not lightening | oljeŋilletmey tura bolurhe must keep on not lightening | bizjeŋilletmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not lightening | sizjeŋilletmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not lightening | alajeŋilletmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not lightening |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjeŋilletgen bolurmaI must have lightened | senjeŋilletgen bolursayou must have lightened | oljeŋilletgen bolurhe must have lightened | bizjeŋilletgen bolurbuzwe must have lightened | sizjeŋilletgen bolursuzyou all must have lightened | alajeŋilletgen bolurlathey must have lightened |
| Inference (must have) | menjeŋilletmegen bolurmaI must not have lightened | senjeŋilletmegen bolursayou must not have lightened | oljeŋilletmegen bolurhe must not have lightened | bizjeŋilletmegen bolurbuzwe must not have lightened | sizjeŋilletmegen bolursuzyou all must not have lightened | alajeŋilletmegen bolurlathey must not have lightened |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjeŋilletirik bolurmaI must be going to lighten | senjeŋilletirik bolursayou must be going to lighten | oljeŋilletirik bolurhe must be going to lighten | bizjeŋilletirik bolurbuzwe must be going to lighten | sizjeŋilletirik bolursuzyou all must be going to lighten | alajeŋilletirik bolurlathey must be going to lighten |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjeŋilletmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to lighten | senjeŋilletmezlik bolursayou must not be going to lighten | oljeŋilletmezlik bolurhe must not be going to lighten | bizjeŋilletmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to lighten | sizjeŋilletmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to lighten | alajeŋilletmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to lighten |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjeŋilleteyimlet me lighten | senjeŋillet!lighten! | oljeŋilletsinlet him lighten | bizjeŋilleteyiklet's lighten | sizjeŋilletigiz!lighten, you all! | alajeŋilletsinlelet them lighten |
| Commands & suggestions | menjeŋilletmeyimlet me not lighten | senjeŋilletme!don't lighten! | oljeŋilletmesinlet him not lighten | bizjeŋilletmeyiklet's not lighten | sizjeŋilletmegiz!don't lighten, you all! | alajeŋilletmesinlelet them not lighten |
| Commands & suggestions | menjeŋilleteyimmi?shall I lighten? | oljeŋilletsinmi?should he lighten? | bizjeŋilleteyikmi?shall we lighten? | alajeŋilletsinlemi?should they lighten? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjeŋilletmeyimmi?shall I not lighten? | oljeŋilletmesinmi?should he not lighten? | bizjeŋilletmeyikmi?shall we not lighten? | alajeŋilletmesinlemi?should they not lighten? | ||
| Requests | senjeŋilletçi2jeŋilletçinplease lighten | oljeŋilletsinçido let him lighten | sizjeŋilletçigizplease lighten (plural/polite) | alajeŋilletsinleçido let them lighten | ||
| Requests | senjeŋilletmeçi2jeŋilletmeçinplease don't lighten | oljeŋilletmesinçido let him not lighten | sizjeŋilletmeçigizplease don't lighten (plural/polite) | alajeŋilletmesinleçido let them not lighten | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjeŋilletginjeŋilletgimay you lighten | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjeŋilletmeginjeŋilletmegimay you not lighten | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjeŋilletgey edim jeŋilletge edimwould that I lightened | senjeŋilletgey ediŋ jeŋilletge ediŋwould that you lightened | oljeŋilletgey edi jeŋilletge ediwould that he lightened | bizjeŋilletgey edik jeŋilletge edikwould that we lightened | sizjeŋilletgey edigiz jeŋilletge edigizwould that you all lightened | alajeŋilletgey edile jeŋilletge edilewould that they lightened |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjeŋilletmegey edim jeŋilletmege edimwould that I did not lighten | senjeŋilletmegey ediŋ jeŋilletmege ediŋwould that you did not lighten | oljeŋilletmegey edi jeŋilletmege ediwould that he did not lighten | bizjeŋilletmegey edik jeŋilletmege edikwould that we did not lighten | sizjeŋilletmegey edigiz jeŋilletmege edigizwould that you all did not lighten | alajeŋilletmegey edile jeŋilletmege edilewould that they did not lighten |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjeŋilletmege qoyayımjeŋilletme qoyayımlet me allow someone to lighten | senjeŋilletmege qoy!jeŋilletme qoy!let someone lighten! | oljeŋilletmege qoysunjeŋilletme qoysunlet him allow someone to lighten | bizjeŋilletmege qoyayıqjeŋilletme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to lighten | sizjeŋilletmege qoyuğuz!jeŋilletme qoyuğuz!let someone lighten, you all! | alajeŋilletmege qoysunlajeŋilletme qoysunlalet them allow someone to lighten |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjeŋilletmege qoymayımjeŋilletme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to lighten | senjeŋilletmege qoyma!jeŋilletme qoyma!don't let someone lighten! | oljeŋilletmege qoymasınjeŋilletme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to lighten | bizjeŋilletmege qoymayıqjeŋilletme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to lighten | sizjeŋilletmege qoymağız!jeŋilletme qoymağız!don't let someone lighten, you all! | alajeŋilletmege qoymasınlajeŋilletme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to lighten |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjeŋilletmege qoyayımmı?jeŋilletme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to lighten? | oljeŋilletmege qoysunmu?jeŋilletme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to lighten? | bizjeŋilletmege qoyayıqmı?jeŋilletme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to lighten? | alajeŋilletmege qoysunlamı?jeŋilletme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to lighten? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjeŋilletmege qoymayımmı?jeŋilletme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to lighten? | oljeŋilletmege qoymasınmı?jeŋilletme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to lighten? | bizjeŋilletmege qoymayıqmı?jeŋilletme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to lighten? | alajeŋilletmege qoymasınlamı?jeŋilletme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to lighten? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjeŋilletmege qoyamajeŋilletme qoyamaI allow someone to lighten | senjeŋilletmege qoyasajeŋilletme qoyasayou allow someone to lighten | oljeŋilletmege qoyadıjeŋilletme qoyadıhe allows someone to lighten | bizjeŋilletmege qoyabızjeŋilletme qoyabızwe allow someone to lighten | sizjeŋilletmege qoyasızjeŋilletme qoyasızyou all allow someone to lighten | alajeŋilletmege qoyadılajeŋilletme qoyadılathey allow someone to lighten |
| Let someone… (present) | menjeŋilletmege qoymaymajeŋilletme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to lighten | senjeŋilletmege qoymaysajeŋilletme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to lighten | oljeŋilletmege qoymaydıjeŋilletme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to lighten | bizjeŋilletmege qoymaybızjeŋilletme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to lighten | sizjeŋilletmege qoymaysızjeŋilletme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to lighten | alajeŋilletmege qoymaydılajeŋilletme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to lighten |
| Let someone… (present) | menjeŋilletmege qoyamamı?jeŋilletme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to lighten? | senjeŋilletmege qoyamısa?jeŋilletme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to lighten? | oljeŋilletmege qoyamıdı?jeŋilletme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to lighten? | bizjeŋilletmege qoyabızmı?jeŋilletme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to lighten? | sizjeŋilletmege qoyamısız?jeŋilletme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to lighten? | alajeŋilletmege qoyamıdıla?jeŋilletme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to lighten? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjeŋilletmege qoymaymamı?jeŋilletme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to lighten? | senjeŋilletmege qoymaymısa?jeŋilletme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to lighten? | oljeŋilletmege qoymaymıdı?jeŋilletme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to lighten? | bizjeŋilletmege qoymaybızmı?jeŋilletme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to lighten? | sizjeŋilletmege qoymaymısız?jeŋilletme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to lighten? | alajeŋilletmege qoymaymıdıla?jeŋilletme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to lighten? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjeŋilletmege qoydumjeŋilletme qoydumI allowed someone to lighten | senjeŋilletmege qoyduŋjeŋilletme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to lighten | oljeŋilletmege qoydujeŋilletme qoyduhe allowed someone to lighten | bizjeŋilletmege qoyduqjeŋilletme qoyduqwe allowed someone to lighten | sizjeŋilletmege qoyduğuzjeŋilletme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to lighten | alajeŋilletmege qoydulajeŋilletme qoydulathey allowed someone to lighten |
| Let someone… (past) | menjeŋilletmege qoymadımjeŋilletme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to lighten | senjeŋilletmege qoymadıŋjeŋilletme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to lighten | oljeŋilletmege qoymadıjeŋilletme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to lighten | bizjeŋilletmege qoymadıqjeŋilletme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to lighten | sizjeŋilletmege qoymadığızjeŋilletme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to lighten | alajeŋilletmege qoymadılajeŋilletme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to lighten |
| Let someone… (past) | menjeŋilletmege qoydummu?jeŋilletme qoydummu?did I allow someone to lighten? | senjeŋilletmege qoyduŋmu?jeŋilletme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to lighten? | oljeŋilletmege qoydumu?jeŋilletme qoydumu?did he allow someone to lighten? | bizjeŋilletmege qoyduqmu?jeŋilletme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to lighten? | sizjeŋilletmege qoyduğuzmu?jeŋilletme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to lighten? | alajeŋilletmege qoydulamı?jeŋilletme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to lighten? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjeŋilletmege qoymadımmı?jeŋilletme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to lighten? | senjeŋilletmege qoymadıŋmı?jeŋilletme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to lighten? | oljeŋilletmege qoymadımı?jeŋilletme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to lighten? | bizjeŋilletmege qoymadıqmı?jeŋilletme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to lighten? | sizjeŋilletmege qoymadığızmı?jeŋilletme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to lighten? | alajeŋilletmege qoymadılamı?jeŋilletme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to lighten? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjeŋilletalamaI can lighten | senjeŋilletalasayou can lighten | oljeŋilletaladıhe can lighten | bizjeŋilletalabızwe can lighten | sizjeŋilletalasızyou all can lighten | alajeŋilletaladılathey can lighten |
| Ability — present | menjeŋilletalmaymaI can't lighten | senjeŋilletalmaysayou can't lighten | oljeŋilletalmaydıhe can't lighten | bizjeŋilletalmaybızwe can't lighten | sizjeŋilletalmaysızyou all can't lighten | alajeŋilletalmaydılathey can't lighten |
| Ability — present | menjeŋilletalamamı? jeŋilletalamıma?can I lighten? | senjeŋilletalamısa?can you lighten? | oljeŋilletalamıdı?can he lighten? | bizjeŋilletalabızmı? jeŋilletalamıbız?can we lighten? | sizjeŋilletalamısız?can you all lighten? | alajeŋilletalamıdıla?can they lighten? |
| Ability — present | menjeŋilletalmaymamı? jeŋilletalmaymıma?can't I lighten? | senjeŋilletalmaymısa?can't you lighten? | oljeŋilletalmaymıdı?can't he lighten? | bizjeŋilletalmaybızmı? jeŋilletalmaymıbız?can't we lighten? | sizjeŋilletalmaymısız?can't you all lighten? | alajeŋilletalmaymıdıla?can't they lighten? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjeŋilletalsamif I can lighten | senjeŋilletalsaŋif you can lighten | oljeŋilletalsaif he can lighten | bizjeŋilletalsaqif we can lighten | sizjeŋilletalsağızif you all can lighten | alajeŋilletalsalaif they can lighten |
| Ability — if I can… | menjeŋilletalmasamif I can't lighten | senjeŋilletalmasaŋif you can't lighten | oljeŋilletalmasaif he can't lighten | bizjeŋilletalmasaqif we can't lighten | sizjeŋilletalmasağızif you all can't lighten | alajeŋilletalmasalaif they can't lighten |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjeŋilletaldımI was able to lighten | senjeŋilletaldıŋyou were able to lighten | oljeŋilletaldıhe was able to lighten | bizjeŋilletaldıqwe were able to lighten | sizjeŋilletaldığızyou all were able to lighten | alajeŋilletaldılathey were able to lighten |
| Ability — simple past | menjeŋilletalmadımI could not lighten | senjeŋilletalmadıŋyou could not lighten | oljeŋilletalmadıhe could not lighten | bizjeŋilletalmadıqwe could not lighten | sizjeŋilletalmadığızyou all could not lighten | alajeŋilletalmadılathey could not lighten |
| Ability — simple past | menjeŋilletaldımmı?was I able to lighten? | senjeŋilletaldıŋmı?were you able to lighten? | oljeŋilletaldımı?was he able to lighten? | bizjeŋilletaldıqmı?were we able to lighten? | sizjeŋilletaldığızmı?were you all able to lighten? | alajeŋilletaldılamı?were they able to lighten? |
| Ability — simple past | menjeŋilletalmadımmı?couldn't I lighten? | senjeŋilletalmadıŋmı?couldn't you lighten? | oljeŋilletalmadımı?couldn't he lighten? | bizjeŋilletalmadıqmı?couldn't we lighten? | sizjeŋilletalmadığızmı?couldn't you all lighten? | alajeŋilletalmadılamı?couldn't they lighten? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjeŋilletalğanmaI have been able to lighten | senjeŋilletalğansayou have been able to lighten | oljeŋilletalğandıhe has been able to lighten | bizjeŋilletalğanbızwe have been able to lighten | sizjeŋilletalğansızyou all have been able to lighten | alajeŋilletalğandılathey have been able to lighten |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjeŋilletalmağanmaI haven't been able to lighten | senjeŋilletalmağansayou haven't been able to lighten | oljeŋilletalmağandıhe hasn't been able to lighten | bizjeŋilletalmağanbızwe haven't been able to lighten | sizjeŋilletalmağansızyou all haven't been able to lighten | alajeŋilletalmağandılathey haven't been able to lighten |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjeŋilletalğanmamı? jeŋilletalğanmıma?have I been able to lighten? | senjeŋilletalğanmısa?have you been able to lighten? | oljeŋilletalğanmıdı?has he been able to lighten? | bizjeŋilletalğanbızmı? jeŋilletalğanmıbız?have we been able to lighten? | sizjeŋilletalğanmısız?have you all been able to lighten? | alajeŋilletalğanmıdıla?have they been able to lighten? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjeŋilletalmağanmamı? jeŋilletalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to lighten? | senjeŋilletalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to lighten? | oljeŋilletalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to lighten? | bizjeŋilletalmağanbızmı? jeŋilletalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to lighten? | sizjeŋilletalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to lighten? | alajeŋilletalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to lighten? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjeŋilletalğan edimjeŋilletalğanemI had been able to lighten | senjeŋilletalğan ediŋjeŋilletalğaneŋyou had been able to lighten | oljeŋilletalğan edijeŋilletalğanedhe had been able to lighten | bizjeŋilletalğan edikjeŋilletalğanekwe had been able to lighten | sizjeŋilletalğan edigizjeŋilletalğanegizyou all had been able to lighten | alajeŋilletalğan edilejeŋilletalğanellethey had been able to lighten |
| Ability — past perfect | menjeŋilletalmağan edimjeŋilletalmağanemI hadn't been able to lighten | senjeŋilletalmağan ediŋjeŋilletalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to lighten | oljeŋilletalmağan edijeŋilletalmağanedhe hadn't been able to lighten | bizjeŋilletalmağan edikjeŋilletalmağanekwe hadn't been able to lighten | sizjeŋilletalmağan edigizjeŋilletalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to lighten | alajeŋilletalmağan edilejeŋilletalmağanellethey hadn't been able to lighten |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjeŋilletala edimjeŋilletalaemI could lighten | senjeŋilletala ediŋjeŋilletalaeŋyou could lighten | oljeŋilletala edijeŋilletalaedhe could lighten | bizjeŋilletala edikjeŋilletalaekwe could lighten | sizjeŋilletala edigizjeŋilletalaegizyou all could lighten | alajeŋilletala edilejeŋilletalaellethey could lighten |
| Ability — past background | menjeŋilletalmay edimjeŋilletalmayemI could not lighten | senjeŋilletalmay ediŋjeŋilletalmayeŋyou could not lighten | oljeŋilletalmay edijeŋilletalmayedhe could not lighten | bizjeŋilletalmay edikjeŋilletalmayekwe could not lighten | sizjeŋilletalmay edigizjeŋilletalmayegizyou all could not lighten | alajeŋilletalmay edilejeŋilletalmayellethey could not lighten |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjeŋilletalırmaI will be able to lighten | senjeŋilletalırsayou will be able to lighten | oljeŋilletalırhe will be able to lighten | bizjeŋilletalırbızwe will be able to lighten | sizjeŋilletalırsızyou all will be able to lighten | alajeŋilletalırlathey will be able to lighten |
| Ability — future I | menjeŋilletalmazmaI won't be able to lighten | senjeŋilletalmazsayou won't be able to lighten | oljeŋilletalmazhe won't be able to lighten | bizjeŋilletalmazbızwe won't be able to lighten | sizjeŋilletalmazsızyou all won't be able to lighten | alajeŋilletalmazlathey won't be able to lighten |
| Ability — future I | menjeŋilletalırmamı? jeŋilletalırmıma?will I be able to lighten? | senjeŋilletalırmısa?will you be able to lighten? | oljeŋilletalırmı?will he be able to lighten? | bizjeŋilletalırbızmı? jeŋilletalırmıbız?will we be able to lighten? | sizjeŋilletalırmısız?will you all be able to lighten? | alajeŋilletalırlamı? jeŋilletalırmıla?will they be able to lighten? |
| Ability — future I | menjeŋilletalmazmamı? jeŋilletalmazmıma?won't I be able to lighten? | senjeŋilletalmazmısa?won't you be able to lighten? | oljeŋilletalmazmı?won't he be able to lighten? | bizjeŋilletalmazbızmı? jeŋilletalmazmıbız?won't we be able to lighten? | sizjeŋilletalmazmısız?won't you all be able to lighten? | alajeŋilletalmazlamı? jeŋilletalmazmıla?won't they be able to lighten? |
| Ability — future II | menjeŋilletallıqmaI am going to be able to lighten | senjeŋilletallıqsayou are going to be able to lighten | oljeŋilletallıqdıhe is going to be able to lighten | bizjeŋilletallıqbızwe are going to be able to lighten | sizjeŋilletallıqsızyou all are going to be able to lighten | alajeŋilletallıqdılathey are going to be able to lighten |
| Ability — future II | menjeŋilletallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to lighten | senjeŋilletallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to lighten | oljeŋilletallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to lighten | bizjeŋilletallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to lighten | sizjeŋilletallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to lighten | alajeŋilletallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to lighten |
| Ability — future II | menjeŋilletallıqmamı? jeŋilletallıqmıma?am I going to be able to lighten? | senjeŋilletallıqmısa?are you going to be able to lighten? | oljeŋilletallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to lighten? | bizjeŋilletallıqbızmı? jeŋilletallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to lighten? | sizjeŋilletallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to lighten? | alajeŋilletallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to lighten? |
| Ability — future II | menjeŋilletallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to lighten? | senjeŋilletallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to lighten? | oljeŋilletallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to lighten? | bizjeŋilletallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to lighten? | sizjeŋilletallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to lighten? | alajeŋilletallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to lighten? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjeŋilletalır edimjeŋilletalır emI would be able to lighten | senjeŋilletalır ediŋjeŋilletalır eŋyou would be able to lighten | oljeŋilletalır edijeŋilletalır edhe would be able to lighten | bizjeŋilletalır edikjeŋilletalır ekwe would be able to lighten | sizjeŋilletalır edigizjeŋilletalır egizyou all would be able to lighten | alajeŋilletalır edilejeŋilletalır ellethey would be able to lighten |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjeŋilletalmaz edimjeŋilletalmaz emI wouldn't be able to lighten | senjeŋilletalmaz ediŋjeŋilletalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to lighten | oljeŋilletalmaz edijeŋilletalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to lighten | bizjeŋilletalmaz edikjeŋilletalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to lighten | sizjeŋilletalmaz edigizjeŋilletalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to lighten | alajeŋilletalmaz edilejeŋilletalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to lighten |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjeŋilletalğınjeŋilletalğımay you be able to lighten | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjeŋilletalmağınjeŋilletalmağımay you not be able to lighten | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjeŋilletirge izleymeI want to lighten | senjeŋilletirge izleyseyou want to lighten | oljeŋilletirge izleydihe wants to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge izleybizwe want to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge izleysizyou all want to lighten | alajeŋilletirge izleydilethey want to lighten |
| want to | menjeŋilletirge izlemeymeI do not want to lighten | senjeŋilletirge izlemeyseyou do not want to lighten | oljeŋilletirge izlemeydihe does not want to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge izlemeybizwe do not want to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to lighten | alajeŋilletirge izlemeydilethey do not want to lighten |
| would like to | menjeŋilletirge süemeI would like to lighten | senjeŋilletirge süeseyou would like to lighten | oljeŋilletirge süedihe would like to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge süebizwe would like to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge süesizyou all would like to lighten | alajeŋilletirge süedilethey would like to lighten |
| would like to | menjeŋilletirge süymeymeI would not like to lighten | senjeŋilletirge süymeyseyou would not like to lighten | oljeŋilletirge süymeydihe would not like to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge süymeybizwe would not like to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge süymeysizyou all would not like to lighten | alajeŋilletirge süymeydilethey would not like to lighten |
| hope to | menjeŋilletirge umutlanamaI hope to lighten | senjeŋilletirge umutlanasayou hope to lighten | oljeŋilletirge umutlanadıhe hopes to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge umutlanabızwe hope to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge umutlanasızyou all hope to lighten | alajeŋilletirge umutlanadılathey hope to lighten |
| hope to | menjeŋilletirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to lighten | senjeŋilletirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to lighten | oljeŋilletirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to lighten | alajeŋilletirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to lighten |
| be about to | menjeŋilletirge deb turamaI am about to lighten | senjeŋilletirge deb turasayou are about to lighten | oljeŋilletirge deb turadıhe is about to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge deb turabızwe are about to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge deb turasızyou all are about to lighten | alajeŋilletirge deb turadılathey are about to lighten |
| be about to | menjeŋilletirge deb turmaymaI am not about to lighten | senjeŋilletirge deb turmaysayou are not about to lighten | oljeŋilletirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to lighten | alajeŋilletirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to lighten |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjeŋilletirge kerekmeI need to lighten | senjeŋilletirge kerekseyou need to lighten | oljeŋilletirge kerekdihe needs to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge kerekbizwe need to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge kereksizyou all need to lighten | alajeŋilletirge kerekdilethey need to lighten |
| need to | menjeŋilletirge kerek tülmeI do not need to lighten | senjeŋilletirge kerek tülseyou do not need to lighten | oljeŋilletirge kerek tüldühe does not need to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to lighten | alajeŋilletirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to lighten |
| have to | menmenŋe jeŋilletirge tüşediI have to lighten | sensenŋe jeŋilletirge tüşediyou have to lighten | olaŋa jeŋilletirge tüşedihe has to lighten | bizbizge jeŋilletirge tüşediwe have to lighten | sizsizge jeŋilletirge tüşediyou all have to lighten | alaalağa jeŋilletirge tüşedithey have to lighten |
| have to | menmenŋe jeŋilletirge tüşmeydiI do not have to lighten | sensenŋe jeŋilletirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to lighten | olaŋa jeŋilletirge tüşmeydihe does not have to lighten | bizbizge jeŋilletirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to lighten | sizsizge jeŋilletirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to lighten | alaalağa jeŋilletirge tüşmeydithey do not have to lighten |
| be obliged to | menjeŋilletirge borçlumaI am obliged to lighten | senjeŋilletirge borçlusayou are obliged to lighten | oljeŋilletirge borçluduhe is obliged to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to lighten | alajeŋilletirge borçludulathey are obliged to lighten |
| be obliged to | menjeŋilletirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to lighten | senjeŋilletirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to lighten | oljeŋilletirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to lighten | alajeŋilletirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to lighten |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjeŋilletirge madarım bardıI have a way to lighten | senjeŋilletirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to lighten | oljeŋilletirge madarı bardıhe has a way to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to lighten | alajeŋilletirge madarları bardıthey have a way to lighten |
| have a way to | menjeŋilletirge madarım joqduI have no way to lighten | senjeŋilletirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to lighten | oljeŋilletirge madarı joqduhe has no way to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to lighten | alajeŋilletirge madarları joqduthey have no way to lighten |
| be free to | menjeŋilletirge erkinligim bardıI am free to lighten | senjeŋilletirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to lighten | oljeŋilletirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to lighten | alajeŋilletirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to lighten |
| be free to | menjeŋilletirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to lighten | senjeŋilletirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to lighten | oljeŋilletirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to lighten | alajeŋilletirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to lighten |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jeŋilletirge bolluqduit is possible for me to lighten | sensenŋe jeŋilletirge bolluqduit is possible for you to lighten | olaŋa jeŋilletirge bolluqduit is possible for him to lighten | bizbizge jeŋilletirge bolluqduit is possible for us to lighten | sizsizge jeŋilletirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to lighten | alaalağa jeŋilletirge bolluqduit is possible for them to lighten |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jeŋilletirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to lighten | sensenŋe jeŋilletirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to lighten | olaŋa jeŋilletirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to lighten | bizbizge jeŋilletirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to lighten | sizsizge jeŋilletirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to lighten | alaalağa jeŋilletirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to lighten |
| be ready to | menjeŋilletirge hazırmaI am ready to lighten | senjeŋilletirge hazırsayou are ready to lighten | oljeŋilletirge hazırdıhe is ready to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge hazırbızwe are ready to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge hazırsızyou all are ready to lighten | alajeŋilletirge hazırdılathey are ready to lighten |
| be ready to | menjeŋilletirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to lighten | senjeŋilletirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to lighten | oljeŋilletirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to lighten | alajeŋilletirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to lighten |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjeŋilletirge küreşemeI am trying to lighten | senjeŋilletirge küreşeseyou are trying to lighten | oljeŋilletirge küreşedihe is trying to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge küreşebizwe are trying to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge küreşesizyou all are trying to lighten | alajeŋilletirge küreşedilethey are trying to lighten |
| try to | menjeŋilletirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to lighten | senjeŋilletirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to lighten | oljeŋilletirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to lighten | alajeŋilletirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to lighten |
| agree to | menjeŋilletirge unaymaI agree to lighten | senjeŋilletirge unaysayou agree to lighten | oljeŋilletirge unaydıhe agrees to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge unaybızwe agree to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge unaysızyou all agree to lighten | alajeŋilletirge unaydılathey agree to lighten |
| agree to | menjeŋilletirge unamaymaI refuse to lighten | senjeŋilletirge unamaysayou refuse to lighten | oljeŋilletirge unamaydıhe refuses to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge unamaybızwe refuse to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge unamaysızyou all refuse to lighten | alajeŋilletirge unamaydılathey refuse to lighten |
| hurry to | menjeŋilletirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to lighten | senjeŋilletirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to lighten | oljeŋilletirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to lighten | alajeŋilletirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to lighten |
| hurry to | menjeŋilletirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to lighten | senjeŋilletirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to lighten | oljeŋilletirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to lighten | alajeŋilletirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to lighten |
| be afraid to | menjeŋilletirge qorqamaI am afraid to lighten | senjeŋilletirge qorqasayou are afraid to lighten | oljeŋilletirge qorqadıhe is afraid to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge qorqabızwe are afraid to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to lighten | alajeŋilletirge qorqadılathey are afraid to lighten |
| be afraid to | menjeŋilletirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to lighten | senjeŋilletirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to lighten | oljeŋilletirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to lighten | bizjeŋilletirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to lighten | sizjeŋilletirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to lighten | alajeŋilletirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to lighten |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjeŋillete bolmazmaI can't be lightening | senjeŋillete bolmazsayou can't be lightening | oljeŋillete bolmazhe can't be lightening | bizjeŋillete bolmazbızwe can't be lightening | sizjeŋillete bolmazsızyou all can't be lightening | alajeŋillete bolmazlathey can't be lightening |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjeŋilletmey bolmazmaI must be lightening (emphatic) | senjeŋilletmey bolmazsayou must be lightening (emphatic) | oljeŋilletmey bolmazhe must be lightening (emphatic) | bizjeŋilletmey bolmazbızwe must be lightening (emphatic) | sizjeŋilletmey bolmazsızyou all must be lightening (emphatic) | alajeŋilletmey bolmazlathey must be lightening (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjeŋillete turmasamif I don't keep lightening | senjeŋillete turmasaŋif you don't keep lightening | oljeŋillete turmasaif he doesn't keep lightening | bizjeŋillete turmasaqif we don't keep lightening | sizjeŋillete turmasağızif you all don't keep lightening | alajeŋillete turmasalaif they don't keep lightening |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjeŋillete tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of lightening | senjeŋillete tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of lightening | oljeŋillete tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of lightening | bizjeŋillete tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of lightening | sizjeŋillete tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of lightening | alajeŋillete tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of lightening |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjeŋilletmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not lightening (emphatic) | senjeŋilletmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not lightening (emphatic) | oljeŋilletmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not lightening (emphatic) | bizjeŋilletmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not lightening (emphatic) | sizjeŋilletmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not lightening (emphatic) | alajeŋilletmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not lightening (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjeŋilletmey turamaI keep on not lightening | senjeŋilletmey turasayou keep on not lightening | oljeŋilletmey turadıhe keeps on not lightening | bizjeŋilletmey turabızwe keep on not lightening | sizjeŋilletmey turasızyou all keep on not lightening | alajeŋilletmey turadılathey keep on not lightening |
| Progressive — double negation | menjeŋilletmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not lightening | senjeŋilletmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not lightening | oljeŋilletmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not lightening | bizjeŋilletmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not lightening | sizjeŋilletmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not lightening | alajeŋilletmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not lightening |
| Progressive — double negation | menjeŋilletmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not lightening? | senjeŋilletmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not lightening? | oljeŋilletmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not lightening? | bizjeŋilletmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not lightening? | sizjeŋilletmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not lightening? | alajeŋilletmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not lightening? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjeŋilletgen bolmazmaI can't have lightened | senjeŋilletgen bolmazsayou can't have lightened | oljeŋilletgen bolmazhe can't have lightened | bizjeŋilletgen bolmazbızwe can't have lightened | sizjeŋilletgen bolmazsızyou all can't have lightened | alajeŋilletgen bolmazlathey can't have lightened |
| Inference — double negation | menjeŋilletmegen bolmazmaI must have lightened (emphatic) | senjeŋilletmegen bolmazsayou must have lightened (emphatic) | oljeŋilletmegen bolmazhe must have lightened (emphatic) | bizjeŋilletmegen bolmazbızwe must have lightened (emphatic) | sizjeŋilletmegen bolmazsızyou all must have lightened (emphatic) | alajeŋilletmegen bolmazlathey must have lightened (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjeŋilletgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had lightened | senjeŋilletgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had lightened | oljeŋilletgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had lightened | bizjeŋilletgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had lightened | sizjeŋilletgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had lightened | alajeŋilletgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had lightened |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjeŋilletmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't lightened | senjeŋilletmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't lightened | oljeŋilletmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't lightened | bizjeŋilletmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't lightened | sizjeŋilletmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't lightened | alajeŋilletmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't lightened |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjeŋilletirik bolmazmaI can't be going to lighten | senjeŋilletirik bolmazsayou can't be going to lighten | oljeŋilletirik bolmazhe can't be going to lighten | bizjeŋilletirik bolmazbızwe can't be going to lighten | sizjeŋilletirik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to lighten | alajeŋilletirik bolmazlathey can't be going to lighten |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjeŋilletmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to lighten (emphatic) | senjeŋilletmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to lighten (emphatic) | oljeŋilletmezlik bolmazhe must be going to lighten (emphatic) | bizjeŋilletmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to lighten (emphatic) | sizjeŋilletmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to lighten (emphatic) | alajeŋilletmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to lighten (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjeŋilletirik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to lighten | senjeŋilletirik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to lighten | oljeŋilletirik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to lighten | bizjeŋilletirik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to lighten | sizjeŋilletirik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to lighten | alajeŋilletirik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to lighten |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjeŋilletmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to lighten | senjeŋilletmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to lighten | oljeŋilletmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to lighten | bizjeŋilletmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to lighten | sizjeŋilletmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to lighten | alajeŋilletmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to lighten |