jayarğa
/dʒajarʁa/
1. spread, lay out, spread over (a carpet, cloth, straw, cards)
- polğa küyüz jayarğa — to spread a carpet on the floor
- stolğa jabıw jayarğa — to spread a cloth on the table
- kartlanı jayarğa — to lay out the cards
- salam jayarğa — to spread straw
- jerge aşlıq jayarğa — to spread grain out on the ground
- ol salamnı jaydı — he spread out the straw
- jabıwnu jerge jaydım — I spread the cover on the ground
2. spread widely, disseminate, circulate (news, knowledge, light) — Also used of the sun sending out its rays: kün tayaqların jayadı.
- bilimni jayarğa — to spread knowledge
- hapar jayarğa — to spread rumors
- kün tayaqların jayadı — the sun sends out its rays
- haparnı terk jaydıla — they spread the news quickly
3. let out, let loose, turn out to graze (livestock)
- qoylanı otlawğa jayarğa — to turn the sheep out to graze
- mallanı jayarğa — to let the cattle out
- ol qoyların jaydı — he turned his sheep out
4. breed, raise in numbers — With sabiyleni it means to bear many children.
- tawuqlanı jayarğa — to breed (many) hens
- sabiyleni jayarğa — to bear many children
- ala qoylanı jaydıla — they bred many sheep
5. hang out, hang up washing to dry
- juwub jayğandı — she washed (the laundry) and hung it out
- çayqab eşikge jayarğa — to rinse and hang outside
- eskileni jayarğa — to hang out the laundry
- kiyimleni künŋe jayarğa — to hang the clothes out in the sun
- anam kiyimleni jaydı — my mother hung out the clothes
6. spread out, straighten, open wide (wings, arms, fingers, legs)
- barmaqlarıŋı jayarğa — to spread your fingers
- ayaqlarıŋı jayarğa — to set your legs apart
- quş qanatların jaydı — the eagle spread its wings
- qol jayarğa — to spread one's hands
Expressions
- eki ayağın jayıb — with all one's might
- quçağın jayarğa — grab everything
Conjugation
Common forms
- jayadıhe is spreading
- jaydıhe spread
- jayğandıhe has spread
- jayarhe will spread
- jayarıqdıhe is going to spread
- jaya edihe was spreading
- jaysaif he spreads
- jay!spread!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjayamaI am spreading | senjayasayou are spreading | oljayadıhe is spreading | bizjayabızwe are spreading | sizjayasızyou all are spreading | alajayadılathey are spreading |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjaymaymaI am not spreading | senjaymaysayou are not spreading | oljaymaydıhe is not spreading | bizjaymaybızwe are not spreading | sizjaymaysızyou all are not spreading | alajaymaydılathey are not spreading |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjayamamı? jayamıma?am I spreading? | senjayamısa?are you spreading? | oljayamıdı?is he spreading? | bizjayabızmı? jayamıbız?are we spreading? | sizjayamısız?are you all spreading? | alajayamıdıla?are they spreading? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjaymaymamı? jaymaymıma?aren't I spreading? | senjaymaymısa?aren't you spreading? | oljaymaymıdı?isn't he spreading? | bizjaymaybızmı? jaymaymıbız?aren't we spreading? | sizjaymaymısız?aren't you all spreading? | alajaymaymıdıla?aren't they spreading? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjayıwçanmaI usually spread | senjayıwçansayou usually spread | oljayıwçandıhe usually spreads | bizjayıwçanbızwe usually spread | sizjayıwçansızyou all usually spread | alajayıwçandılathey usually spread |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjaymawçanmaI usually don't spread | senjaymawçansayou usually don't spread | oljaymawçandıhe usually doesn't spread | bizjaymawçanbızwe usually don't spread | sizjaymawçansızyou all usually don't spread | alajaymawçandılathey usually don't spread |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjayıwçanmamı? jayıwçanmıma?do I usually spread? | senjayıwçanmısa?do you usually spread? | oljayıwçanmıdı?does he usually spread? | bizjayıwçanbızmı? jayıwçanmıbız?do we usually spread? | sizjayıwçanmısız?do you all usually spread? | alajayıwçanmıdıla?do they usually spread? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjaymawçanmamı? jaymawçanmıma?do I usually not spread? | senjaymawçanmısa?do you usually not spread? | oljaymawçanmıdı?does he usually not spread? | bizjaymawçanbızmı? jaymawçanmıbız?do we usually not spread? | sizjaymawçanmısız?do you all usually not spread? | alajaymawçanmıdıla?do they usually not spread? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljayıbdıhe has spread and remains so | alajayıbdılathey have spread and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljayıbmıdı?has he spread? | alajayıbmıdıla?have they spread? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjayıb turamaI keep spreading | senjayıb turasayou keep spreading | oljayıb turadıhe keeps spreading | bizjayıb turabızwe keep spreading | sizjayıb turasızyou all keep spreading | alajayıb turadılathey keep spreading |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjayıb turmaymaI don't keep spreading | senjayıb turmaysayou don't keep spreading | oljayıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep spreading | bizjayıb turmaybızwe don't keep spreading | sizjayıb turmaysızyou all don't keep spreading | alajayıb turmaydılathey don't keep spreading |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjayıb turamamı? jayıb turamıma?do I keep spreading? | senjayıb turamısa?do you keep spreading? | oljayıb turamıdı?does he keep spreading? | bizjayıb turabızmı? jayıb turamıbız?do we keep spreading? | sizjayıb turamısız?do you all keep spreading? | alajayıb turamıdıla?do they keep spreading? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjayıb turmaymamı? jayıb turmaymıma?don't I keep spreading? | senjayıb turmaymısa?don't you keep spreading? | oljayıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep spreading? | bizjayıb turmaybızmı? jayıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep spreading? | sizjayıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep spreading? | alajayıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep spreading? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjaya turamaI am in the middle of spreading | senjaya turasayou are in the middle of spreading | oljaya turadıhe is in the middle of spreading | bizjaya turabızwe are in the middle of spreading | sizjaya turasızyou all are in the middle of spreading | alajaya turadılathey are in the middle of spreading |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjaya turmaymaI am not in the middle of spreading | senjaya turmaysayou are not in the middle of spreading | oljaya turmaydıhe is not in the middle of spreading | bizjaya turmaybızwe are not in the middle of spreading | sizjaya turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of spreading | alajaya turmaydılathey are not in the middle of spreading |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjaya turamamı? jaya turamıma?am I in the middle of spreading? | senjaya turamısa?are you in the middle of spreading? | oljaya turamıdı?is he in the middle of spreading? | bizjaya turabızmı? jaya turamıbız?are we in the middle of spreading? | sizjaya turamısız?are you all in the middle of spreading? | alajaya turamıdıla?are they in the middle of spreading? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjaya turmaymamı? jaya turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of spreading? | senjaya turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of spreading? | oljaya turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of spreading? | bizjaya turmaybızmı? jaya turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of spreading? | sizjaya turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of spreading? | alajaya turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of spreading? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjaydımI spread | senjaydıŋyou spread | oljaydıhe spread | bizjaydıqwe spread | sizjaydığızyou all spread | alajaydılathey spread |
| Simple past (definite) | menjaymadımI didn't spread | senjaymadıŋyou didn't spread | oljaymadıhe didn't spread | bizjaymadıqwe didn't spread | sizjaymadığızyou all didn't spread | alajaymadılathey didn't spread |
| Simple past (definite) | menjaydımmı?did I spread? | senjaydıŋmı?did you spread? | oljaydımı?did he spread? | bizjaydıqmı?did we spread? | sizjaydığızmı?did you all spread? | alajaydılamı?did they spread? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjaymadımmı?didn't I spread? | senjaymadıŋmı?didn't you spread? | oljaymadımı?didn't he spread? | bizjaymadıqmı?didn't we spread? | sizjaymadığızmı?didn't you all spread? | alajaymadılamı?didn't they spread? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjayğanmaI have spread | senjayğansayou have spread | oljayğandıhe has spread | bizjayğanbızwe have spread | sizjayğansızyou all have spread | alajayğandılathey have spread |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjaymağanmaI haven't spread | senjaymağansayou haven't spread | oljaymağandıhe hasn't spread | bizjaymağanbızwe haven't spread | sizjaymağansızyou all haven't spread | alajaymağandılathey haven't spread |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjayğanmamı? jayğanmıma?have I spread? | senjayğanmısa?have you spread? | oljayğanmıdı?has he spread? | bizjayğanbızmı? jayğanmıbız?have we spread? | sizjayğanmısız?have you all spread? | alajayğanmıdıla?have they spread? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjaymağanmamı? jaymağanmıma?haven't I spread? | senjaymağanmısa?haven't you spread? | oljaymağanmıdı?hasn't he spread? | bizjaymağanbızmı? jaymağanmıbız?haven't we spread? | sizjaymağanmısız?haven't you all spread? | alajaymağanmıdıla?haven't they spread? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjayıb turdumI kept spreading | senjayıb turduŋyou kept spreading | oljayıb turduhe kept spreading | bizjayıb turduqwe kept spreading | sizjayıb turduğuzyou all kept spreading | alajayıb turdulathey kept spreading |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjayıb turmadımI didn't keep spreading | senjayıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep spreading | oljayıb turmadıhe didn't keep spreading | bizjayıb turmadıqwe didn't keep spreading | sizjayıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep spreading | alajayıb turmadılathey didn't keep spreading |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjayarmaI will spread | senjayarsayou will spread | oljayarhe will spread | bizjayarbızwe will spread | sizjayarsızyou all will spread | alajayarlathey will spread |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjaymazmaI won't spread | senjaymazsayou won't spread | oljaymazhe won't spread | bizjaymazbızwe won't spread | sizjaymazsızyou all won't spread | alajaymazlathey won't spread |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjayarmamı? jayarmıma?will I spread? | senjayarmısa?will you spread? | oljayarmı?will he spread? | bizjayarbızmı? jayarmıbız?will we spread? | sizjayarmısız?will you all spread? | alajayarlamı? jayarmıla?will they spread? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjaymazmamı? jaymazmıma?won't I spread? | senjaymazmısa?won't you spread? | oljaymazmı?won't he spread? | bizjaymazbızmı? jaymazmıbız?won't we spread? | sizjaymazmısız?won't you all spread? | alajaymazlamı? jaymazmıla?won't they spread? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjayarıqmaI am going to spread | senjayarıqsayou are going to spread | oljayarıqdıhe is going to spread | bizjayarıqbızwe are going to spread | sizjayarıqsızyou all are going to spread | alajayarıqdılathey are going to spread |
| Definite future (future II) | menjayarıq tülmeI am not going to spread | senjayarıq tülseyou are not going to spread | oljayarıq tüldühe is not going to spread | bizjayarıq tülbüzwe are not going to spread | sizjayarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to spread | alajayarıq tüldülethey are not going to spread |
| Definite future (future II) | menjayarıqmamı? jayarıqmıma?am I going to spread? | senjayarıqmısa?are you going to spread? | oljayarıqmıdı?is he going to spread? | bizjayarıqbızmı? jayarıqmıbız?are we going to spread? | sizjayarıqmısız?are you all going to spread? | alajayarıqmıdıla?are they going to spread? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjayarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to spread? | senjayarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to spread? | oljayarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to spread? | bizjayarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to spread? | sizjayarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to spread? | alajayarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to spread? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjayğan edimjayğanemI had spread | senjayğan ediŋjayğaneŋyou had spread | oljayğan edijayğanedhe had spread | bizjayğan edikjayğanekwe had spread | sizjayğan edigizjayğanegizyou all had spread | alajayğan edilejayğanellethey had spread |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjaymağan edimjaymağanemI hadn't spread | senjaymağan ediŋjaymağaneŋyou hadn't spread | oljaymağan edijaymağanedhe hadn't spread | bizjaymağan edikjaymağanekwe hadn't spread | sizjaymağan edigizjaymağanegizyou all hadn't spread | alajaymağan edilejaymağanellethey hadn't spread |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjaya edimjayaemI was spreading | senjaya ediŋjayaeŋyou were spreading | oljaya edijayaedhe was spreading | bizjaya edikjayaekwe were spreading | sizjaya edigizjayaegizyou all were spreading | alajaya edilejayaellethey were spreading |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjaymay edimjaymayemI wasn't spreading | senjaymay ediŋjaymayeŋyou weren't spreading | oljaymay edijaymayedhe wasn't spreading | bizjaymay edikjaymayekwe weren't spreading | sizjaymay edigizjaymayegizyou all weren't spreading | alajaymay edilejaymayellethey weren't spreading |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjayıwçan edimjayıwçanemI used to spread | senjayıwçan ediŋjayıwçaneŋyou used to spread | oljayıwçan edijayıwçanedhe used to spread | bizjayıwçan edikjayıwçanekwe used to spread | sizjayıwçan edigizjayıwçanegizyou all used to spread | alajayıwçan edilejayıwçanellethey used to spread |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjaymawçan edimjaymawçanemI didn't use to spread | senjaymawçan ediŋjaymawçaneŋyou didn't use to spread | oljaymawçan edijaymawçanedhe didn't use to spread | bizjaymawçan edikjaymawçanekwe didn't use to spread | sizjaymawçan edigizjaymawçanegizyou all didn't use to spread | alajaymawçan edilejaymawçanellethey didn't use to spread |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljayıb edihe had spread and remained so | alajayıb edilethey had spread and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljayıb tül edihe hadn't spread | alajayıb tül edilethey hadn't spread | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjayıb tura edimjayıb turaemI had kept spreading | senjayıb tura ediŋjayıb turaeŋyou had kept spreading | oljayıb tura edijayıb turaedhe had kept spreading | bizjayıb tura edikjayıb turaekwe had kept spreading | sizjayıb tura edigizjayıb turaegizyou all had kept spreading | alajayıb tura edilejayıb turaellethey had kept spreading |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjayıb turmay edimjayıb turmayemI hadn't kept spreading | senjayıb turmay ediŋjayıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept spreading | oljayıb turmay edijayıb turmayedhe hadn't kept spreading | bizjayıb turmay edikjayıb turmayekwe hadn't kept spreading | sizjayıb turmay edigizjayıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept spreading | alajayıb turmay edilejayıb turmayellethey hadn't kept spreading |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjaya tura edimjaya turaemI was in the middle of spreading | senjaya tura ediŋjaya turaeŋyou were in the middle of spreading | oljaya tura edijaya turaedhe was in the middle of spreading | bizjaya tura edikjaya turaekwe were in the middle of spreading | sizjaya tura edigizjaya turaegizyou all were in the middle of spreading | alajaya tura edilejaya turaellethey were in the middle of spreading |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjaya turmay edimjaya turmayemI wasn't in the middle of spreading | senjaya turmay ediŋjaya turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of spreading | oljaya turmay edijaya turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of spreading | bizjaya turmay edikjaya turmayekwe weren't in the middle of spreading | sizjaya turmay edigizjaya turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of spreading | alajaya turmay edilejaya turmayellethey weren't in the middle of spreading |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjayar edimjayar emI would spread | senjayar ediŋjayar eŋyou would spread | oljayar edijayar edhe would spread | bizjayar edikjayar ekwe would spread | sizjayar edigizjayar egizyou all would spread | alajayar edilejayar ellethey would spread |
| Conditional result (would) | menjaymaz edimjaymaz emI wouldn't spread | senjaymaz ediŋjaymaz eŋyou wouldn't spread | oljaymaz edijaymaz edhe wouldn't spread | bizjaymaz edikjaymaz ekwe wouldn't spread | sizjaymaz edigizjaymaz egizyou all wouldn't spread | alajaymaz edilejaymaz ellethey wouldn't spread |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjayarıq edimjayarıq emI would have spread | senjayarıq ediŋjayarıq eŋyou would have spread | oljayarıq edijayarıq edhe would have spread | bizjayarıq edikjayarıq ekwe would have spread | sizjayarıq edigizjayarıq egizyou all would have spread | alajayarıq edilejayarıq ellethey would have spread |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjayarıq tül edimjayarıq tül emI wouldn't have spread | senjayarıq tül ediŋjayarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have spread | oljayarıq tül edijayarıq tül edhe wouldn't have spread | bizjayarıq tül edikjayarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have spread | sizjayarıq tül edigizjayarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have spread | alajayarıq tül edilejayarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have spread |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjaysamif I spread | senjaysaŋif you spread | oljaysaif he spreads | bizjaysaqif we spread | sizjaysağızif you all spread | alajaysalaif they spread |
| Conditional | menjaymasamif I don't spread | senjaymasaŋif you don't spread | oljaymasaif he doesn't spread | bizjaymasaqif we don't spread | sizjaymasağızif you all don't spread | alajaymasalaif they don't spread |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjaya esemif I am spreading | senjaya eseŋif you are spreading | oljaya eseif he is spreading | bizjaya esekif we are spreading | sizjaya esegizif you all are spreading | alajaya eseleif they are spreading |
| Conditional, present real | menjaymay esemif I am not spreading | senjaymay eseŋif you are not spreading | oljaymay eseif he is not spreading | bizjaymay esekif we are not spreading | sizjaymay esegizif you all are not spreading | alajaymay eseleif they are not spreading |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjaysam edijaysam edif only I spread | senjaysaŋ edijaysaŋ edif only you spread | oljaysa edijaysaedif only he spread | bizjaysaq edijaysaq edif only we spread | sizjaysağız edijaysağız edif only you all spread | alajaysala edijaysalaedif only they spread |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjaymasam edijaymasam edif only I didn't spread | senjaymasaŋ edijaymasaŋ edif only you didn't spread | oljaymasa edijaymasaedif only he didn't spread | bizjaymasaq edijaymasaq edif only we didn't spread | sizjaymasağız edijaymasağız edif only you all didn't spread | alajaymasala edijaymasalaedif only they didn't spread |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjayıb tursamif I carry on spreading | senjayıb tursaŋif you carry on spreading | oljayıb tursaif he carries on spreading | bizjayıb tursaqif we carry on spreading | sizjayıb tursağızif you all carry on spreading | alajayıb tursalaif they carry on spreading |
| Durative conditional | menjayıb turmasamif I don't carry on spreading | senjayıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on spreading | oljayıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on spreading | bizjayıb turmasaqif we don't carry on spreading | sizjayıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on spreading | alajayıb turmasalaif they don't carry on spreading |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjayıb tura esemif I have kept spreading | senjayıb tura eseŋif you have kept spreading | oljayıb tura eseif he has kept spreading | bizjayıb tura esekif we have kept spreading | sizjayıb tura esegizif you all have kept spreading | alajayıb tura eseleif they have kept spreading |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjayıb turmay esemif I haven't kept spreading | senjayıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept spreading | oljayıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept spreading | bizjayıb turmay esekif we haven't kept spreading | sizjayıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept spreading | alajayıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept spreading |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjaya tursamif I keep spreading | senjaya tursaŋif you keep spreading | oljaya tursaif he keeps spreading | bizjaya tursaqif we keep spreading | sizjaya tursağızif you all keep spreading | alajaya tursalaif they keep spreading |
| Progressive conditional | menjaymay tursamif I keep on not spreading | senjaymay tursaŋif you keep on not spreading | oljaymay tursaif he keeps on not spreading | bizjaymay tursaqif we keep on not spreading | sizjaymay tursağızif you all keep on not spreading | alajaymay tursalaif they keep on not spreading |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjaya tura esemif I am in the middle of spreading | senjaya tura eseŋif you are in the middle of spreading | oljaya tura eseif he is in the middle of spreading | bizjaya tura esekif we are in the middle of spreading | sizjaya tura esegizif you all are in the middle of spreading | alajaya tura eseleif they are in the middle of spreading |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjaymay tura esemif I keep on not spreading | senjaymay tura eseŋif you keep on not spreading | oljaymay tura eseif he keeps on not spreading | bizjaymay tura esekif we keep on not spreading | sizjaymay tura esegizif you all keep on not spreading | alajaymay tura eseleif they keep on not spreading |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjaydım esemif I spread | senjaydıŋ eseŋif you spread | oljaydı eseif he spread | bizjaydıq esekif we spread | sizjaydığız esegizif you all spread | alajaydıla eseleif they spread |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjaymadım esemif I didn't spread | senjaymadıŋ eseŋif you didn't spread | oljaymadı eseif he didn't spread | bizjaymadıq esekif we didn't spread | sizjaymadığız esegizif you all didn't spread | alajaymadıla eseleif they didn't spread |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjayğan esemif I did spread (indeed) | senjayğan eseŋif you did spread (indeed) | oljayğan eseif he did spread (indeed) | bizjayğan esekif we did spread (indeed) | sizjayğan esegizif you all did spread (indeed) | alajayğan eseleif they did spread (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjaymağan esemif I didn't spread (indeed) | senjaymağan eseŋif you didn't spread (indeed) | oljaymağan eseif he didn't spread (indeed) | bizjaymağan esekif we didn't spread (indeed) | sizjaymağan esegizif you all didn't spread (indeed) | alajaymağan eseleif they didn't spread (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjayğan bolsamif I had spread | senjayğan bolsaŋif you had spread | oljayğan bolsaif he had spread | bizjayğan bolsaqif we had spread | sizjayğan bolsağızif you all had spread | alajayğan bolsalaif they had spread |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjaymağan bolsamif I hadn't spread | senjaymağan bolsaŋif you hadn't spread | oljaymağan bolsaif he hadn't spread | bizjaymağan bolsaqif we hadn't spread | sizjaymağan bolsağızif you all hadn't spread | alajaymağan bolsalaif they hadn't spread |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjayğan bolsam edijayğan bolsam edif only I had spread | senjayğan bolsaŋ edijayğan bolsaŋ edif only you had spread | oljayğan bolsa edijayğan bolsaedif only he had spread | bizjayğan bolsaq edijayğan bolsaq edif only we had spread | sizjayğan bolsağız edijayğan bolsağız edif only you all had spread | alajayğan bolsala edijayğan bolsalaedif only they had spread |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjaymağan bolsam edijaymağan bolsam edif only I hadn't spread | senjaymağan bolsaŋ edijaymağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't spread | oljaymağan bolsa edijaymağan bolsaedif only he hadn't spread | bizjaymağan bolsaq edijaymağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't spread | sizjaymağan bolsağız edijaymağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't spread | alajaymağan bolsala edijaymağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't spread |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjayar esemif I will spread | senjayar eseŋif you will spread | oljayar eseif he will spread | bizjayar esekif we will spread | sizjayar esegizif you all will spread | alajayar eseleif they will spread |
| Conditional, aorist | menjaymaz esemif I won't spread | senjaymaz eseŋif you won't spread | oljaymaz eseif he won't spread | bizjaymaz esekif we won't spread | sizjaymaz esegizif you all won't spread | alajaymaz eseleif they won't spread |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjayarıq esemif I am going to spread | senjayarıq eseŋif you are going to spread | oljayarıq eseif he is going to spread | bizjayarıq esekif we are going to spread | sizjayarıq esegizif you all are going to spread | alajayarıq eseleif they are going to spread |
| Conditional, future | menjayarıq tül esemif I am not going to spread | senjayarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to spread | oljayarıq tül eseif he is not going to spread | bizjayarıq tül esekif we are not going to spread | sizjayarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to spread | alajayarıq tül eseleif they are not going to spread |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjayarıq bolsamif I were going to spread | senjayarıq bolsaŋif you were going to spread | oljayarıq bolsaif he were going to spread | bizjayarıq bolsaqif we were going to spread | sizjayarıq bolsağızif you all were going to spread | alajayarıq bolsalaif they were going to spread |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjaymazlıq bolsamif I were not going to spread | senjaymazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to spread | oljaymazlıq bolsaif he were not going to spread | bizjaymazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to spread | sizjaymazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to spread | alajaymazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to spread |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jaydıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjaya bolurmaI must be spreading | senjaya bolursayou must be spreading | oljaya bolurhe must be spreading | bizjaya bolurbuzwe must be spreading | sizjaya bolursuzyou all must be spreading | alajaya bolurlathey must be spreading |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjaymay bolurmaI must not be spreading | senjaymay bolursayou must not be spreading | oljaymay bolurhe must not be spreading | bizjaymay bolurbuzwe must not be spreading | sizjaymay bolursuzyou all must not be spreading | alajaymay bolurlathey must not be spreading |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjaya tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of spreading | senjaya tura bolursayou must be in the middle of spreading | oljaya tura bolurhe must be in the middle of spreading | bizjaya tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of spreading | sizjaya tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of spreading | alajaya tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of spreading |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjaymay tura bolurmaI must keep on not spreading | senjaymay tura bolursayou must keep on not spreading | oljaymay tura bolurhe must keep on not spreading | bizjaymay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not spreading | sizjaymay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not spreading | alajaymay tura bolurlathey must keep on not spreading |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjayğan bolurmaI must have spread | senjayğan bolursayou must have spread | oljayğan bolurhe must have spread | bizjayğan bolurbuzwe must have spread | sizjayğan bolursuzyou all must have spread | alajayğan bolurlathey must have spread |
| Inference (must have) | menjaymağan bolurmaI must not have spread | senjaymağan bolursayou must not have spread | oljaymağan bolurhe must not have spread | bizjaymağan bolurbuzwe must not have spread | sizjaymağan bolursuzyou all must not have spread | alajaymağan bolurlathey must not have spread |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjayarıq bolurmaI must be going to spread | senjayarıq bolursayou must be going to spread | oljayarıq bolurhe must be going to spread | bizjayarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to spread | sizjayarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to spread | alajayarıq bolurlathey must be going to spread |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjaymazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to spread | senjaymazlıq bolursayou must not be going to spread | oljaymazlıq bolurhe must not be going to spread | bizjaymazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to spread | sizjaymazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to spread | alajaymazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to spread |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjayayımlet me spread | senjay!spread! | oljaysınlet him spread | bizjayayıqlet's spread | sizjayığız!spread, you all! | alajaysınlalet them spread |
| Commands & suggestions | menjaymayımlet me not spread | senjayma!don't spread! | oljaymasınlet him not spread | bizjaymayıqlet's not spread | sizjaymağız!don't spread, you all! | alajaymasınlalet them not spread |
| Commands & suggestions | menjayayımmı?shall I spread? | oljaysınmı?should he spread? | bizjayayıqmı?shall we spread? | alajaysınlamı?should they spread? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjaymayımmı?shall I not spread? | oljaymasınmı?should he not spread? | bizjaymayıqmı?shall we not spread? | alajaymasınlamı?should they not spread? | ||
| Requests | senjayçı2jayçınplease spread | oljaysınçıdo let him spread | sizjayçığızplease spread (plural/polite) | alajaysınlaçıdo let them spread | ||
| Requests | senjaymaçı2jaymaçınplease don't spread | oljaymasınçıdo let him not spread | sizjaymaçığızplease don't spread (plural/polite) | alajaymasınlaçıdo let them not spread | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjayğınjayğımay you spread | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjaymağınjaymağımay you not spread | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjayğay edim jayğa edimwould that I spread | senjayğay ediŋ jayğa ediŋwould that you spread | oljayğay edi jayğa ediwould that he spread | bizjayğay edik jayğa edikwould that we spread | sizjayğay edigiz jayğa edigizwould that you all spread | alajayğay edile jayğa edilewould that they spread |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjaymağay edim jaymağa edimwould that I did not spread | senjaymağay ediŋ jaymağa ediŋwould that you did not spread | oljaymağay edi jaymağa ediwould that he did not spread | bizjaymağay edik jaymağa edikwould that we did not spread | sizjaymağay edigiz jaymağa edigizwould that you all did not spread | alajaymağay edile jaymağa edilewould that they did not spread |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjaymağa qoyayımjayma qoyayımlet me allow someone to spread | senjaymağa qoy!jayma qoy!let someone spread! | oljaymağa qoysunjayma qoysunlet him allow someone to spread | bizjaymağa qoyayıqjayma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to spread | sizjaymağa qoyuğuz!jayma qoyuğuz!let someone spread, you all! | alajaymağa qoysunlajayma qoysunlalet them allow someone to spread |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjaymağa qoymayımjayma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to spread | senjaymağa qoyma!jayma qoyma!don't let someone spread! | oljaymağa qoymasınjayma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to spread | bizjaymağa qoymayıqjayma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to spread | sizjaymağa qoymağız!jayma qoymağız!don't let someone spread, you all! | alajaymağa qoymasınlajayma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to spread |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjaymağa qoyayımmı?jayma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to spread? | oljaymağa qoysunmu?jayma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to spread? | bizjaymağa qoyayıqmı?jayma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to spread? | alajaymağa qoysunlamı?jayma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to spread? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjaymağa qoymayımmı?jayma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to spread? | oljaymağa qoymasınmı?jayma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to spread? | bizjaymağa qoymayıqmı?jayma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to spread? | alajaymağa qoymasınlamı?jayma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to spread? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjaymağa qoyamajayma qoyamaI allow someone to spread | senjaymağa qoyasajayma qoyasayou allow someone to spread | oljaymağa qoyadıjayma qoyadıhe allows someone to spread | bizjaymağa qoyabızjayma qoyabızwe allow someone to spread | sizjaymağa qoyasızjayma qoyasızyou all allow someone to spread | alajaymağa qoyadılajayma qoyadılathey allow someone to spread |
| Let someone… (present) | menjaymağa qoymaymajayma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to spread | senjaymağa qoymaysajayma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to spread | oljaymağa qoymaydıjayma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to spread | bizjaymağa qoymaybızjayma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to spread | sizjaymağa qoymaysızjayma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to spread | alajaymağa qoymaydılajayma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to spread |
| Let someone… (present) | menjaymağa qoyamamı?jayma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to spread? | senjaymağa qoyamısa?jayma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to spread? | oljaymağa qoyamıdı?jayma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to spread? | bizjaymağa qoyabızmı?jayma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to spread? | sizjaymağa qoyamısız?jayma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to spread? | alajaymağa qoyamıdıla?jayma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to spread? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjaymağa qoymaymamı?jayma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to spread? | senjaymağa qoymaymısa?jayma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to spread? | oljaymağa qoymaymıdı?jayma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to spread? | bizjaymağa qoymaybızmı?jayma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to spread? | sizjaymağa qoymaymısız?jayma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to spread? | alajaymağa qoymaymıdıla?jayma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to spread? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjaymağa qoydumjayma qoydumI allowed someone to spread | senjaymağa qoyduŋjayma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to spread | oljaymağa qoydujayma qoyduhe allowed someone to spread | bizjaymağa qoyduqjayma qoyduqwe allowed someone to spread | sizjaymağa qoyduğuzjayma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to spread | alajaymağa qoydulajayma qoydulathey allowed someone to spread |
| Let someone… (past) | menjaymağa qoymadımjayma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to spread | senjaymağa qoymadıŋjayma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to spread | oljaymağa qoymadıjayma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to spread | bizjaymağa qoymadıqjayma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to spread | sizjaymağa qoymadığızjayma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to spread | alajaymağa qoymadılajayma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to spread |
| Let someone… (past) | menjaymağa qoydummu?jayma qoydummu?did I allow someone to spread? | senjaymağa qoyduŋmu?jayma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to spread? | oljaymağa qoydumu?jayma qoydumu?did he allow someone to spread? | bizjaymağa qoyduqmu?jayma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to spread? | sizjaymağa qoyduğuzmu?jayma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to spread? | alajaymağa qoydulamı?jayma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to spread? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjaymağa qoymadımmı?jayma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to spread? | senjaymağa qoymadıŋmı?jayma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to spread? | oljaymağa qoymadımı?jayma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to spread? | bizjaymağa qoymadıqmı?jayma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to spread? | sizjaymağa qoymadığızmı?jayma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to spread? | alajaymağa qoymadılamı?jayma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to spread? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
jayalırğa be able to spread · jayalmazğa be unable to spread
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjayalamaI can spread | senjayalasayou can spread | oljayaladıhe can spread | bizjayalabızwe can spread | sizjayalasızyou all can spread | alajayaladılathey can spread |
| Ability — present | menjayalmaymaI can't spread | senjayalmaysayou can't spread | oljayalmaydıhe can't spread | bizjayalmaybızwe can't spread | sizjayalmaysızyou all can't spread | alajayalmaydılathey can't spread |
| Ability — present | menjayalamamı? jayalamıma?can I spread? | senjayalamısa?can you spread? | oljayalamıdı?can he spread? | bizjayalabızmı? jayalamıbız?can we spread? | sizjayalamısız?can you all spread? | alajayalamıdıla?can they spread? |
| Ability — present | menjayalmaymamı? jayalmaymıma?can't I spread? | senjayalmaymısa?can't you spread? | oljayalmaymıdı?can't he spread? | bizjayalmaybızmı? jayalmaymıbız?can't we spread? | sizjayalmaymısız?can't you all spread? | alajayalmaymıdıla?can't they spread? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjayalsamif I can spread | senjayalsaŋif you can spread | oljayalsaif he can spread | bizjayalsaqif we can spread | sizjayalsağızif you all can spread | alajayalsalaif they can spread |
| Ability — if I can… | menjayalmasamif I can't spread | senjayalmasaŋif you can't spread | oljayalmasaif he can't spread | bizjayalmasaqif we can't spread | sizjayalmasağızif you all can't spread | alajayalmasalaif they can't spread |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjayaldımI was able to spread | senjayaldıŋyou were able to spread | oljayaldıhe was able to spread | bizjayaldıqwe were able to spread | sizjayaldığızyou all were able to spread | alajayaldılathey were able to spread |
| Ability — simple past | menjayalmadımI could not spread | senjayalmadıŋyou could not spread | oljayalmadıhe could not spread | bizjayalmadıqwe could not spread | sizjayalmadığızyou all could not spread | alajayalmadılathey could not spread |
| Ability — simple past | menjayaldımmı?was I able to spread? | senjayaldıŋmı?were you able to spread? | oljayaldımı?was he able to spread? | bizjayaldıqmı?were we able to spread? | sizjayaldığızmı?were you all able to spread? | alajayaldılamı?were they able to spread? |
| Ability — simple past | menjayalmadımmı?couldn't I spread? | senjayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you spread? | oljayalmadımı?couldn't he spread? | bizjayalmadıqmı?couldn't we spread? | sizjayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all spread? | alajayalmadılamı?couldn't they spread? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjayalğanmaI have been able to spread | senjayalğansayou have been able to spread | oljayalğandıhe has been able to spread | bizjayalğanbızwe have been able to spread | sizjayalğansızyou all have been able to spread | alajayalğandılathey have been able to spread |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjayalmağanmaI haven't been able to spread | senjayalmağansayou haven't been able to spread | oljayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to spread | bizjayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to spread | sizjayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to spread | alajayalmağandılathey haven't been able to spread |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjayalğanmamı? jayalğanmıma?have I been able to spread? | senjayalğanmısa?have you been able to spread? | oljayalğanmıdı?has he been able to spread? | bizjayalğanbızmı? jayalğanmıbız?have we been able to spread? | sizjayalğanmısız?have you all been able to spread? | alajayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to spread? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjayalmağanmamı? jayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to spread? | senjayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to spread? | oljayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to spread? | bizjayalmağanbızmı? jayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to spread? | sizjayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to spread? | alajayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to spread? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjayalğan edimjayalğanemI had been able to spread | senjayalğan ediŋjayalğaneŋyou had been able to spread | oljayalğan edijayalğanedhe had been able to spread | bizjayalğan edikjayalğanekwe had been able to spread | sizjayalğan edigizjayalğanegizyou all had been able to spread | alajayalğan edilejayalğanellethey had been able to spread |
| Ability — past perfect | menjayalmağan edimjayalmağanemI hadn't been able to spread | senjayalmağan ediŋjayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to spread | oljayalmağan edijayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to spread | bizjayalmağan edikjayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to spread | sizjayalmağan edigizjayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to spread | alajayalmağan edilejayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to spread |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjayala edimjayalaemI could spread | senjayala ediŋjayalaeŋyou could spread | oljayala edijayalaedhe could spread | bizjayala edikjayalaekwe could spread | sizjayala edigizjayalaegizyou all could spread | alajayala edilejayalaellethey could spread |
| Ability — past background | menjayalmay edimjayalmayemI could not spread | senjayalmay ediŋjayalmayeŋyou could not spread | oljayalmay edijayalmayedhe could not spread | bizjayalmay edikjayalmayekwe could not spread | sizjayalmay edigizjayalmayegizyou all could not spread | alajayalmay edilejayalmayellethey could not spread |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjayalırmaI will be able to spread | senjayalırsayou will be able to spread | oljayalırhe will be able to spread | bizjayalırbızwe will be able to spread | sizjayalırsızyou all will be able to spread | alajayalırlathey will be able to spread |
| Ability — future I | menjayalmazmaI won't be able to spread | senjayalmazsayou won't be able to spread | oljayalmazhe won't be able to spread | bizjayalmazbızwe won't be able to spread | sizjayalmazsızyou all won't be able to spread | alajayalmazlathey won't be able to spread |
| Ability — future I | menjayalırmamı? jayalırmıma?will I be able to spread? | senjayalırmısa?will you be able to spread? | oljayalırmı?will he be able to spread? | bizjayalırbızmı? jayalırmıbız?will we be able to spread? | sizjayalırmısız?will you all be able to spread? | alajayalırlamı? jayalırmıla?will they be able to spread? |
| Ability — future I | menjayalmazmamı? jayalmazmıma?won't I be able to spread? | senjayalmazmısa?won't you be able to spread? | oljayalmazmı?won't he be able to spread? | bizjayalmazbızmı? jayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to spread? | sizjayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to spread? | alajayalmazlamı? jayalmazmıla?won't they be able to spread? |
| Ability — future II | menjayallıqmaI am going to be able to spread | senjayallıqsayou are going to be able to spread | oljayallıqdıhe is going to be able to spread | bizjayallıqbızwe are going to be able to spread | sizjayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to spread | alajayallıqdılathey are going to be able to spread |
| Ability — future II | menjayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to spread | senjayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to spread | oljayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to spread | bizjayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to spread | sizjayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to spread | alajayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to spread |
| Ability — future II | menjayallıqmamı? jayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to spread? | senjayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to spread? | oljayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to spread? | bizjayallıqbızmı? jayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to spread? | sizjayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to spread? | alajayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to spread? |
| Ability — future II | menjayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to spread? | senjayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to spread? | oljayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to spread? | bizjayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to spread? | sizjayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to spread? | alajayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to spread? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjayalır edimjayalır emI would be able to spread | senjayalır ediŋjayalır eŋyou would be able to spread | oljayalır edijayalır edhe would be able to spread | bizjayalır edikjayalır ekwe would be able to spread | sizjayalır edigizjayalır egizyou all would be able to spread | alajayalır edilejayalır ellethey would be able to spread |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjayalmaz edimjayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to spread | senjayalmaz ediŋjayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to spread | oljayalmaz edijayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to spread | bizjayalmaz edikjayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to spread | sizjayalmaz edigizjayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to spread | alajayalmaz edilejayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to spread |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjayalğınjayalğımay you be able to spread | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjayalmağınjayalmağımay you not be able to spread | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjayarğa izleymeI want to spread | senjayarğa izleyseyou want to spread | oljayarğa izleydihe wants to spread | bizjayarğa izleybizwe want to spread | sizjayarğa izleysizyou all want to spread | alajayarğa izleydilethey want to spread |
| want to | menjayarğa izlemeymeI do not want to spread | senjayarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to spread | oljayarğa izlemeydihe does not want to spread | bizjayarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to spread | sizjayarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to spread | alajayarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to spread |
| would like to | menjayarğa süemeI would like to spread | senjayarğa süeseyou would like to spread | oljayarğa süedihe would like to spread | bizjayarğa süebizwe would like to spread | sizjayarğa süesizyou all would like to spread | alajayarğa süedilethey would like to spread |
| would like to | menjayarğa süymeymeI would not like to spread | senjayarğa süymeyseyou would not like to spread | oljayarğa süymeydihe would not like to spread | bizjayarğa süymeybizwe would not like to spread | sizjayarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to spread | alajayarğa süymeydilethey would not like to spread |
| hope to | menjayarğa umutlanamaI hope to spread | senjayarğa umutlanasayou hope to spread | oljayarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to spread | bizjayarğa umutlanabızwe hope to spread | sizjayarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to spread | alajayarğa umutlanadılathey hope to spread |
| hope to | menjayarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to spread | senjayarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to spread | oljayarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to spread | bizjayarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to spread | sizjayarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to spread | alajayarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to spread |
| be about to | menjayarğa deb turamaI am about to spread | senjayarğa deb turasayou are about to spread | oljayarğa deb turadıhe is about to spread | bizjayarğa deb turabızwe are about to spread | sizjayarğa deb turasızyou all are about to spread | alajayarğa deb turadılathey are about to spread |
| be about to | menjayarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to spread | senjayarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to spread | oljayarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to spread | bizjayarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to spread | sizjayarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to spread | alajayarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to spread |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjayarğa kerekmeI need to spread | senjayarğa kerekseyou need to spread | oljayarğa kerekdihe needs to spread | bizjayarğa kerekbizwe need to spread | sizjayarğa kereksizyou all need to spread | alajayarğa kerekdilethey need to spread |
| need to | menjayarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to spread | senjayarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to spread | oljayarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to spread | bizjayarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to spread | sizjayarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to spread | alajayarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to spread |
| have to | menmenŋe jayarğa tüşediI have to spread | sensenŋe jayarğa tüşediyou have to spread | olaŋa jayarğa tüşedihe has to spread | bizbizge jayarğa tüşediwe have to spread | sizsizge jayarğa tüşediyou all have to spread | alaalağa jayarğa tüşedithey have to spread |
| have to | menmenŋe jayarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to spread | sensenŋe jayarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to spread | olaŋa jayarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to spread | bizbizge jayarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to spread | sizsizge jayarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to spread | alaalağa jayarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to spread |
| be obliged to | menjayarğa borçlumaI am obliged to spread | senjayarğa borçlusayou are obliged to spread | oljayarğa borçluduhe is obliged to spread | bizjayarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to spread | sizjayarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to spread | alajayarğa borçludulathey are obliged to spread |
| be obliged to | menjayarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to spread | senjayarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to spread | oljayarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to spread | bizjayarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to spread | sizjayarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to spread | alajayarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to spread |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjayarğa madarım bardıI have a way to spread | senjayarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to spread | oljayarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to spread | bizjayarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to spread | sizjayarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to spread | alajayarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to spread |
| have a way to | menjayarğa madarım joqduI have no way to spread | senjayarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to spread | oljayarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to spread | bizjayarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to spread | sizjayarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to spread | alajayarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to spread |
| be free to | menjayarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to spread | senjayarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to spread | oljayarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to spread | bizjayarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to spread | sizjayarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to spread | alajayarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to spread |
| be free to | menjayarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to spread | senjayarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to spread | oljayarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to spread | bizjayarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to spread | sizjayarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to spread | alajayarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to spread |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jayarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to spread | sensenŋe jayarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to spread | olaŋa jayarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to spread | bizbizge jayarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to spread | sizsizge jayarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to spread | alaalağa jayarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to spread |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jayarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to spread | sensenŋe jayarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to spread | olaŋa jayarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to spread | bizbizge jayarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to spread | sizsizge jayarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to spread | alaalağa jayarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to spread |
| be ready to | menjayarğa hazırmaI am ready to spread | senjayarğa hazırsayou are ready to spread | oljayarğa hazırdıhe is ready to spread | bizjayarğa hazırbızwe are ready to spread | sizjayarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to spread | alajayarğa hazırdılathey are ready to spread |
| be ready to | menjayarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to spread | senjayarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to spread | oljayarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to spread | bizjayarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to spread | sizjayarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to spread | alajayarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to spread |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjayarğa küreşemeI am trying to spread | senjayarğa küreşeseyou are trying to spread | oljayarğa küreşedihe is trying to spread | bizjayarğa küreşebizwe are trying to spread | sizjayarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to spread | alajayarğa küreşedilethey are trying to spread |
| try to | menjayarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to spread | senjayarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to spread | oljayarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to spread | bizjayarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to spread | sizjayarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to spread | alajayarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to spread |
| agree to | menjayarğa unaymaI agree to spread | senjayarğa unaysayou agree to spread | oljayarğa unaydıhe agrees to spread | bizjayarğa unaybızwe agree to spread | sizjayarğa unaysızyou all agree to spread | alajayarğa unaydılathey agree to spread |
| agree to | menjayarğa unamaymaI refuse to spread | senjayarğa unamaysayou refuse to spread | oljayarğa unamaydıhe refuses to spread | bizjayarğa unamaybızwe refuse to spread | sizjayarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to spread | alajayarğa unamaydılathey refuse to spread |
| hurry to | menjayarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to spread | senjayarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to spread | oljayarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to spread | bizjayarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to spread | sizjayarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to spread | alajayarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to spread |
| hurry to | menjayarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to spread | senjayarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to spread | oljayarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to spread | bizjayarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to spread | sizjayarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to spread | alajayarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to spread |
| be afraid to | menjayarğa qorqamaI am afraid to spread | senjayarğa qorqasayou are afraid to spread | oljayarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to spread | bizjayarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to spread | sizjayarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to spread | alajayarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to spread |
| be afraid to | menjayarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to spread | senjayarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to spread | oljayarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to spread | bizjayarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to spread | sizjayarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to spread | alajayarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to spread |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjaya bolmazmaI can't be spreading | senjaya bolmazsayou can't be spreading | oljaya bolmazhe can't be spreading | bizjaya bolmazbızwe can't be spreading | sizjaya bolmazsızyou all can't be spreading | alajaya bolmazlathey can't be spreading |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjaymay bolmazmaI must be spreading (emphatic) | senjaymay bolmazsayou must be spreading (emphatic) | oljaymay bolmazhe must be spreading (emphatic) | bizjaymay bolmazbızwe must be spreading (emphatic) | sizjaymay bolmazsızyou all must be spreading (emphatic) | alajaymay bolmazlathey must be spreading (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjaya turmasamif I don't keep spreading | senjaya turmasaŋif you don't keep spreading | oljaya turmasaif he doesn't keep spreading | bizjaya turmasaqif we don't keep spreading | sizjaya turmasağızif you all don't keep spreading | alajaya turmasalaif they don't keep spreading |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjaya tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of spreading | senjaya tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of spreading | oljaya tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of spreading | bizjaya tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of spreading | sizjaya tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of spreading | alajaya tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of spreading |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjaymay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not spreading (emphatic) | senjaymay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not spreading (emphatic) | oljaymay tura bolmazhe must keep on not spreading (emphatic) | bizjaymay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not spreading (emphatic) | sizjaymay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not spreading (emphatic) | alajaymay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not spreading (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjaymay turamaI keep on not spreading | senjaymay turasayou keep on not spreading | oljaymay turadıhe keeps on not spreading | bizjaymay turabızwe keep on not spreading | sizjaymay turasızyou all keep on not spreading | alajaymay turadılathey keep on not spreading |
| Progressive — double negation | menjaymay turmaymaI am not keeping on not spreading | senjaymay turmaysayou are not keeping on not spreading | oljaymay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not spreading | bizjaymay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not spreading | sizjaymay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not spreading | alajaymay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not spreading |
| Progressive — double negation | menjaymay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not spreading? | senjaymay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not spreading? | oljaymay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not spreading? | bizjaymay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not spreading? | sizjaymay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not spreading? | alajaymay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not spreading? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjayğan bolmazmaI can't have spread | senjayğan bolmazsayou can't have spread | oljayğan bolmazhe can't have spread | bizjayğan bolmazbızwe can't have spread | sizjayğan bolmazsızyou all can't have spread | alajayğan bolmazlathey can't have spread |
| Inference — double negation | menjaymağan bolmazmaI must have spread (emphatic) | senjaymağan bolmazsayou must have spread (emphatic) | oljaymağan bolmazhe must have spread (emphatic) | bizjaymağan bolmazbızwe must have spread (emphatic) | sizjaymağan bolmazsızyou all must have spread (emphatic) | alajaymağan bolmazlathey must have spread (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjayğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had spread | senjayğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had spread | oljayğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had spread | bizjayğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had spread | sizjayğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had spread | alajayğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had spread |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjaymağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't spread | senjaymağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't spread | oljaymağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't spread | bizjaymağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't spread | sizjaymağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't spread | alajaymağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't spread |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjayarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to spread | senjayarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to spread | oljayarıq bolmazhe can't be going to spread | bizjayarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to spread | sizjayarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to spread | alajayarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to spread |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjaymazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to spread (emphatic) | senjaymazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to spread (emphatic) | oljaymazlıq bolmazhe must be going to spread (emphatic) | bizjaymazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to spread (emphatic) | sizjaymazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to spread (emphatic) | alajaymazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to spread (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjayarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to spread | senjayarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to spread | oljayarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to spread | bizjayarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to spread | sizjayarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to spread | alajayarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to spread |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjaymazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to spread | senjaymazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to spread | oljaymazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to spread | bizjaymazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to spread | sizjaymazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to spread | alajaymazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to spread |