jayılırğa
/dʒajɯlɯrʁa/
1. spread, get about, become known — Of news, a rumor, a disease, an idea or a practice: haparı jayıldı "word about him spread".
- haparı jayıldı — word about him spread
- hapar sawlay elge jayıldı — the news spread to the whole village
- igi budaynı urluğu jayılıb baradı — the seed of good wheat is spreading
- alçılanı sınawu jayıladı — the experience of the leading workers spreads
2. be spread out, be laid out, unfold — Of a carpet, a covering, or something rolled up: polğa jayılğan küyüz "a carpet spread on the floor".
- polğa jayılğan küyüz — a carpet spread on the floor
- üynü tübüne küyüz jayılğandı — a carpet has been spread on the floor of the house
- jabıw stolğa jayıldı — the cloth was spread on the table
- jerge jayılğan jabıw — a cover spread out on the ground
- jayılğan zat — something spread out, a covering
3. go about, wander all over a place; graze over a place — Of people going all over a village; of livestock spreading out to graze: malla tüzde jayıldıla "the animals grazed over the plain".
- malla tüzde jayıldıla — the animals spread out over the plain
- malla jayılıb otlaydıla — the livestock graze spread out
- dohtur izley jayılğandı — he has gone all over looking for a doctor
- ertdenŋide adam jayılğınçı — early in the morning, before people are out and about
- qoyla jaylıqda jayıladıla — the sheep wander over the summer pasture
4. stretch away, lie spread out — Of a landscape, or of mist creeping over the ground.
- tuban jayılıb keledi — the mist comes spreading in
- suwnu jayılğan jeri — the place where the river spreads wide
- sabanla uzaqğa jayıladıla — the fields stretch away into the distance
5. be hung out, be put out to dry — Of laundry: eskile künŋe jayılğandıla "the laundry has been hung out in the sun".
- eskile künŋe jayılğandıla — the washing has been hung out in the sun
- kiyimle jayıldıla — the clothes were hung out
- eskile jayılmağandıla — the washing has not been hung out
6. multiply, breed; proliferate — Of animals and insects, such as mice or flies appearing in numbers; also of plants growing thick. one source
- çibinle jayılğandıla — the flies have multiplied
- çıçhanla jayılğandıla — the mice have multiplied
7. spread, run — Of a liquid, such as ink running on paper. one source
- bu qağıtda merekeb jayılıb ketedi — on this paper the ink runs
Conjugation
Common forms
- jayıladıhe is spreading
- jayıldıhe spread
- jayılğandıhe has spread
- jayılırhe will spread
- jayıllıqdıhe is going to spread
- jayıla edihe was spreading
- jayılsaif he spreads
- jayıl!spread!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjayılamaI am spreading | senjayılasayou are spreading | oljayıladıhe is spreading | bizjayılabızwe are spreading | sizjayılasızyou all are spreading | alajayıladılathey are spreading |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjayılmaymaI am not spreading | senjayılmaysayou are not spreading | oljayılmaydıhe is not spreading | bizjayılmaybızwe are not spreading | sizjayılmaysızyou all are not spreading | alajayılmaydılathey are not spreading |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjayılamamı? jayılamıma?am I spreading? | senjayılamısa?are you spreading? | oljayılamıdı?is he spreading? | bizjayılabızmı? jayılamıbız?are we spreading? | sizjayılamısız?are you all spreading? | alajayılamıdıla?are they spreading? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjayılmaymamı? jayılmaymıma?aren't I spreading? | senjayılmaymısa?aren't you spreading? | oljayılmaymıdı?isn't he spreading? | bizjayılmaybızmı? jayılmaymıbız?aren't we spreading? | sizjayılmaymısız?aren't you all spreading? | alajayılmaymıdıla?aren't they spreading? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjayılıwçanmaI usually spread | senjayılıwçansayou usually spread | oljayılıwçandıhe usually spreads | bizjayılıwçanbızwe usually spread | sizjayılıwçansızyou all usually spread | alajayılıwçandılathey usually spread |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjayılmawçanmaI usually don't spread | senjayılmawçansayou usually don't spread | oljayılmawçandıhe usually doesn't spread | bizjayılmawçanbızwe usually don't spread | sizjayılmawçansızyou all usually don't spread | alajayılmawçandılathey usually don't spread |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjayılıwçanmamı? jayılıwçanmıma?do I usually spread? | senjayılıwçanmısa?do you usually spread? | oljayılıwçanmıdı?does he usually spread? | bizjayılıwçanbızmı? jayılıwçanmıbız?do we usually spread? | sizjayılıwçanmısız?do you all usually spread? | alajayılıwçanmıdıla?do they usually spread? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjayılmawçanmamı? jayılmawçanmıma?do I usually not spread? | senjayılmawçanmısa?do you usually not spread? | oljayılmawçanmıdı?does he usually not spread? | bizjayılmawçanbızmı? jayılmawçanmıbız?do we usually not spread? | sizjayılmawçanmısız?do you all usually not spread? | alajayılmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not spread? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljayılıbdıhe has spread and remains so | alajayılıbdılathey have spread and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljayılıbmıdı?has he spread? | alajayılıbmıdıla?have they spread? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjayılıb turamaI keep spreading | senjayılıb turasayou keep spreading | oljayılıb turadıhe keeps spreading | bizjayılıb turabızwe keep spreading | sizjayılıb turasızyou all keep spreading | alajayılıb turadılathey keep spreading |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjayılıb turmaymaI don't keep spreading | senjayılıb turmaysayou don't keep spreading | oljayılıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep spreading | bizjayılıb turmaybızwe don't keep spreading | sizjayılıb turmaysızyou all don't keep spreading | alajayılıb turmaydılathey don't keep spreading |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjayılıb turamamı? jayılıb turamıma?do I keep spreading? | senjayılıb turamısa?do you keep spreading? | oljayılıb turamıdı?does he keep spreading? | bizjayılıb turabızmı? jayılıb turamıbız?do we keep spreading? | sizjayılıb turamısız?do you all keep spreading? | alajayılıb turamıdıla?do they keep spreading? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjayılıb turmaymamı? jayılıb turmaymıma?don't I keep spreading? | senjayılıb turmaymısa?don't you keep spreading? | oljayılıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep spreading? | bizjayılıb turmaybızmı? jayılıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep spreading? | sizjayılıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep spreading? | alajayılıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep spreading? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjayıla turamaI am in the middle of spreading | senjayıla turasayou are in the middle of spreading | oljayıla turadıhe is in the middle of spreading | bizjayıla turabızwe are in the middle of spreading | sizjayıla turasızyou all are in the middle of spreading | alajayıla turadılathey are in the middle of spreading |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjayıla turmaymaI am not in the middle of spreading | senjayıla turmaysayou are not in the middle of spreading | oljayıla turmaydıhe is not in the middle of spreading | bizjayıla turmaybızwe are not in the middle of spreading | sizjayıla turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of spreading | alajayıla turmaydılathey are not in the middle of spreading |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjayıla turamamı? jayıla turamıma?am I in the middle of spreading? | senjayıla turamısa?are you in the middle of spreading? | oljayıla turamıdı?is he in the middle of spreading? | bizjayıla turabızmı? jayıla turamıbız?are we in the middle of spreading? | sizjayıla turamısız?are you all in the middle of spreading? | alajayıla turamıdıla?are they in the middle of spreading? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjayıla turmaymamı? jayıla turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of spreading? | senjayıla turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of spreading? | oljayıla turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of spreading? | bizjayıla turmaybızmı? jayıla turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of spreading? | sizjayıla turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of spreading? | alajayıla turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of spreading? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjayıldımI spread | senjayıldıŋyou spread | oljayıldıhe spread | bizjayıldıqwe spread | sizjayıldığızyou all spread | alajayıldılathey spread |
| Simple past (definite) | menjayılmadımI didn't spread | senjayılmadıŋyou didn't spread | oljayılmadıhe didn't spread | bizjayılmadıqwe didn't spread | sizjayılmadığızyou all didn't spread | alajayılmadılathey didn't spread |
| Simple past (definite) | menjayıldımmı?did I spread? | senjayıldıŋmı?did you spread? | oljayıldımı?did he spread? | bizjayıldıqmı?did we spread? | sizjayıldığızmı?did you all spread? | alajayıldılamı?did they spread? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjayılmadımmı?didn't I spread? | senjayılmadıŋmı?didn't you spread? | oljayılmadımı?didn't he spread? | bizjayılmadıqmı?didn't we spread? | sizjayılmadığızmı?didn't you all spread? | alajayılmadılamı?didn't they spread? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjayılğanmaI have spread | senjayılğansayou have spread | oljayılğandıhe has spread | bizjayılğanbızwe have spread | sizjayılğansızyou all have spread | alajayılğandılathey have spread |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjayılmağanmaI haven't spread | senjayılmağansayou haven't spread | oljayılmağandıhe hasn't spread | bizjayılmağanbızwe haven't spread | sizjayılmağansızyou all haven't spread | alajayılmağandılathey haven't spread |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjayılğanmamı? jayılğanmıma?have I spread? | senjayılğanmısa?have you spread? | oljayılğanmıdı?has he spread? | bizjayılğanbızmı? jayılğanmıbız?have we spread? | sizjayılğanmısız?have you all spread? | alajayılğanmıdıla?have they spread? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjayılmağanmamı? jayılmağanmıma?haven't I spread? | senjayılmağanmısa?haven't you spread? | oljayılmağanmıdı?hasn't he spread? | bizjayılmağanbızmı? jayılmağanmıbız?haven't we spread? | sizjayılmağanmısız?haven't you all spread? | alajayılmağanmıdıla?haven't they spread? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjayılıb turdumI kept spreading | senjayılıb turduŋyou kept spreading | oljayılıb turduhe kept spreading | bizjayılıb turduqwe kept spreading | sizjayılıb turduğuzyou all kept spreading | alajayılıb turdulathey kept spreading |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjayılıb turmadımI didn't keep spreading | senjayılıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep spreading | oljayılıb turmadıhe didn't keep spreading | bizjayılıb turmadıqwe didn't keep spreading | sizjayılıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep spreading | alajayılıb turmadılathey didn't keep spreading |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjayılırmaI will spread | senjayılırsayou will spread | oljayılırhe will spread | bizjayılırbızwe will spread | sizjayılırsızyou all will spread | alajayılırlathey will spread |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjayılmazmaI won't spread | senjayılmazsayou won't spread | oljayılmazhe won't spread | bizjayılmazbızwe won't spread | sizjayılmazsızyou all won't spread | alajayılmazlathey won't spread |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjayılırmamı? jayılırmıma?will I spread? | senjayılırmısa?will you spread? | oljayılırmı?will he spread? | bizjayılırbızmı? jayılırmıbız?will we spread? | sizjayılırmısız?will you all spread? | alajayılırlamı? jayılırmıla?will they spread? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjayılmazmamı? jayılmazmıma?won't I spread? | senjayılmazmısa?won't you spread? | oljayılmazmı?won't he spread? | bizjayılmazbızmı? jayılmazmıbız?won't we spread? | sizjayılmazmısız?won't you all spread? | alajayılmazlamı? jayılmazmıla?won't they spread? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjayıllıqmaI am going to spread | senjayıllıqsayou are going to spread | oljayıllıqdıhe is going to spread | bizjayıllıqbızwe are going to spread | sizjayıllıqsızyou all are going to spread | alajayıllıqdılathey are going to spread |
| Definite future (future II) | menjayıllıq tülmeI am not going to spread | senjayıllıq tülseyou are not going to spread | oljayıllıq tüldühe is not going to spread | bizjayıllıq tülbüzwe are not going to spread | sizjayıllıq tülsüzyou all are not going to spread | alajayıllıq tüldülethey are not going to spread |
| Definite future (future II) | menjayıllıqmamı? jayıllıqmıma?am I going to spread? | senjayıllıqmısa?are you going to spread? | oljayıllıqmıdı?is he going to spread? | bizjayıllıqbızmı? jayıllıqmıbız?are we going to spread? | sizjayıllıqmısız?are you all going to spread? | alajayıllıqmıdıla?are they going to spread? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjayıllıq tülmüme?aren't I going to spread? | senjayıllıq tülmüse?aren't you going to spread? | oljayıllıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to spread? | bizjayıllıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to spread? | sizjayıllıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to spread? | alajayıllıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to spread? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjayılğan edimjayılğanemI had spread | senjayılğan ediŋjayılğaneŋyou had spread | oljayılğan edijayılğanedhe had spread | bizjayılğan edikjayılğanekwe had spread | sizjayılğan edigizjayılğanegizyou all had spread | alajayılğan edilejayılğanellethey had spread |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjayılmağan edimjayılmağanemI hadn't spread | senjayılmağan ediŋjayılmağaneŋyou hadn't spread | oljayılmağan edijayılmağanedhe hadn't spread | bizjayılmağan edikjayılmağanekwe hadn't spread | sizjayılmağan edigizjayılmağanegizyou all hadn't spread | alajayılmağan edilejayılmağanellethey hadn't spread |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjayıla edimjayılaemI was spreading | senjayıla ediŋjayılaeŋyou were spreading | oljayıla edijayılaedhe was spreading | bizjayıla edikjayılaekwe were spreading | sizjayıla edigizjayılaegizyou all were spreading | alajayıla edilejayılaellethey were spreading |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjayılmay edimjayılmayemI wasn't spreading | senjayılmay ediŋjayılmayeŋyou weren't spreading | oljayılmay edijayılmayedhe wasn't spreading | bizjayılmay edikjayılmayekwe weren't spreading | sizjayılmay edigizjayılmayegizyou all weren't spreading | alajayılmay edilejayılmayellethey weren't spreading |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjayılıwçan edimjayılıwçanemI used to spread | senjayılıwçan ediŋjayılıwçaneŋyou used to spread | oljayılıwçan edijayılıwçanedhe used to spread | bizjayılıwçan edikjayılıwçanekwe used to spread | sizjayılıwçan edigizjayılıwçanegizyou all used to spread | alajayılıwçan edilejayılıwçanellethey used to spread |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjayılmawçan edimjayılmawçanemI didn't use to spread | senjayılmawçan ediŋjayılmawçaneŋyou didn't use to spread | oljayılmawçan edijayılmawçanedhe didn't use to spread | bizjayılmawçan edikjayılmawçanekwe didn't use to spread | sizjayılmawçan edigizjayılmawçanegizyou all didn't use to spread | alajayılmawçan edilejayılmawçanellethey didn't use to spread |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljayılıb edihe had spread and remained so | alajayılıb edilethey had spread and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljayılıb tül edihe hadn't spread | alajayılıb tül edilethey hadn't spread | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjayılıb tura edimjayılıb turaemI had kept spreading | senjayılıb tura ediŋjayılıb turaeŋyou had kept spreading | oljayılıb tura edijayılıb turaedhe had kept spreading | bizjayılıb tura edikjayılıb turaekwe had kept spreading | sizjayılıb tura edigizjayılıb turaegizyou all had kept spreading | alajayılıb tura edilejayılıb turaellethey had kept spreading |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjayılıb turmay edimjayılıb turmayemI hadn't kept spreading | senjayılıb turmay ediŋjayılıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept spreading | oljayılıb turmay edijayılıb turmayedhe hadn't kept spreading | bizjayılıb turmay edikjayılıb turmayekwe hadn't kept spreading | sizjayılıb turmay edigizjayılıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept spreading | alajayılıb turmay edilejayılıb turmayellethey hadn't kept spreading |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjayıla tura edimjayıla turaemI was in the middle of spreading | senjayıla tura ediŋjayıla turaeŋyou were in the middle of spreading | oljayıla tura edijayıla turaedhe was in the middle of spreading | bizjayıla tura edikjayıla turaekwe were in the middle of spreading | sizjayıla tura edigizjayıla turaegizyou all were in the middle of spreading | alajayıla tura edilejayıla turaellethey were in the middle of spreading |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjayıla turmay edimjayıla turmayemI wasn't in the middle of spreading | senjayıla turmay ediŋjayıla turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of spreading | oljayıla turmay edijayıla turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of spreading | bizjayıla turmay edikjayıla turmayekwe weren't in the middle of spreading | sizjayıla turmay edigizjayıla turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of spreading | alajayıla turmay edilejayıla turmayellethey weren't in the middle of spreading |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjayılır edimjayılır emI would spread | senjayılır ediŋjayılır eŋyou would spread | oljayılır edijayılır edhe would spread | bizjayılır edikjayılır ekwe would spread | sizjayılır edigizjayılır egizyou all would spread | alajayılır edilejayılır ellethey would spread |
| Conditional result (would) | menjayılmaz edimjayılmaz emI wouldn't spread | senjayılmaz ediŋjayılmaz eŋyou wouldn't spread | oljayılmaz edijayılmaz edhe wouldn't spread | bizjayılmaz edikjayılmaz ekwe wouldn't spread | sizjayılmaz edigizjayılmaz egizyou all wouldn't spread | alajayılmaz edilejayılmaz ellethey wouldn't spread |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjayıllıq edimjayıllıq emI would have spread | senjayıllıq ediŋjayıllıq eŋyou would have spread | oljayıllıq edijayıllıq edhe would have spread | bizjayıllıq edikjayıllıq ekwe would have spread | sizjayıllıq edigizjayıllıq egizyou all would have spread | alajayıllıq edilejayıllıq ellethey would have spread |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjayıllıq tül edimjayıllıq tül emI wouldn't have spread | senjayıllıq tül ediŋjayıllıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have spread | oljayıllıq tül edijayıllıq tül edhe wouldn't have spread | bizjayıllıq tül edikjayıllıq tül ekwe wouldn't have spread | sizjayıllıq tül edigizjayıllıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have spread | alajayıllıq tül edilejayıllıq tül ellethey wouldn't have spread |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjayılsamif I spread | senjayılsaŋif you spread | oljayılsaif he spreads | bizjayılsaqif we spread | sizjayılsağızif you all spread | alajayılsalaif they spread |
| Conditional | menjayılmasamif I don't spread | senjayılmasaŋif you don't spread | oljayılmasaif he doesn't spread | bizjayılmasaqif we don't spread | sizjayılmasağızif you all don't spread | alajayılmasalaif they don't spread |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjayıla esemif I am spreading | senjayıla eseŋif you are spreading | oljayıla eseif he is spreading | bizjayıla esekif we are spreading | sizjayıla esegizif you all are spreading | alajayıla eseleif they are spreading |
| Conditional, present real | menjayılmay esemif I am not spreading | senjayılmay eseŋif you are not spreading | oljayılmay eseif he is not spreading | bizjayılmay esekif we are not spreading | sizjayılmay esegizif you all are not spreading | alajayılmay eseleif they are not spreading |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjayılsam edijayılsam edif only I spread | senjayılsaŋ edijayılsaŋ edif only you spread | oljayılsa edijayılsaedif only he spread | bizjayılsaq edijayılsaq edif only we spread | sizjayılsağız edijayılsağız edif only you all spread | alajayılsala edijayılsalaedif only they spread |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjayılmasam edijayılmasam edif only I didn't spread | senjayılmasaŋ edijayılmasaŋ edif only you didn't spread | oljayılmasa edijayılmasaedif only he didn't spread | bizjayılmasaq edijayılmasaq edif only we didn't spread | sizjayılmasağız edijayılmasağız edif only you all didn't spread | alajayılmasala edijayılmasalaedif only they didn't spread |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjayılıb tursamif I carry on spreading | senjayılıb tursaŋif you carry on spreading | oljayılıb tursaif he carries on spreading | bizjayılıb tursaqif we carry on spreading | sizjayılıb tursağızif you all carry on spreading | alajayılıb tursalaif they carry on spreading |
| Durative conditional | menjayılıb turmasamif I don't carry on spreading | senjayılıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on spreading | oljayılıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on spreading | bizjayılıb turmasaqif we don't carry on spreading | sizjayılıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on spreading | alajayılıb turmasalaif they don't carry on spreading |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjayılıb tura esemif I have kept spreading | senjayılıb tura eseŋif you have kept spreading | oljayılıb tura eseif he has kept spreading | bizjayılıb tura esekif we have kept spreading | sizjayılıb tura esegizif you all have kept spreading | alajayılıb tura eseleif they have kept spreading |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjayılıb turmay esemif I haven't kept spreading | senjayılıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept spreading | oljayılıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept spreading | bizjayılıb turmay esekif we haven't kept spreading | sizjayılıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept spreading | alajayılıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept spreading |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjayıla tursamif I keep spreading | senjayıla tursaŋif you keep spreading | oljayıla tursaif he keeps spreading | bizjayıla tursaqif we keep spreading | sizjayıla tursağızif you all keep spreading | alajayıla tursalaif they keep spreading |
| Progressive conditional | menjayılmay tursamif I keep on not spreading | senjayılmay tursaŋif you keep on not spreading | oljayılmay tursaif he keeps on not spreading | bizjayılmay tursaqif we keep on not spreading | sizjayılmay tursağızif you all keep on not spreading | alajayılmay tursalaif they keep on not spreading |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjayıla tura esemif I am in the middle of spreading | senjayıla tura eseŋif you are in the middle of spreading | oljayıla tura eseif he is in the middle of spreading | bizjayıla tura esekif we are in the middle of spreading | sizjayıla tura esegizif you all are in the middle of spreading | alajayıla tura eseleif they are in the middle of spreading |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjayılmay tura esemif I keep on not spreading | senjayılmay tura eseŋif you keep on not spreading | oljayılmay tura eseif he keeps on not spreading | bizjayılmay tura esekif we keep on not spreading | sizjayılmay tura esegizif you all keep on not spreading | alajayılmay tura eseleif they keep on not spreading |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjayıldım esemif I spread | senjayıldıŋ eseŋif you spread | oljayıldı eseif he spread | bizjayıldıq esekif we spread | sizjayıldığız esegizif you all spread | alajayıldıla eseleif they spread |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjayılmadım esemif I didn't spread | senjayılmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't spread | oljayılmadı eseif he didn't spread | bizjayılmadıq esekif we didn't spread | sizjayılmadığız esegizif you all didn't spread | alajayılmadıla eseleif they didn't spread |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjayılğan esemif I did spread (indeed) | senjayılğan eseŋif you did spread (indeed) | oljayılğan eseif he did spread (indeed) | bizjayılğan esekif we did spread (indeed) | sizjayılğan esegizif you all did spread (indeed) | alajayılğan eseleif they did spread (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjayılmağan esemif I didn't spread (indeed) | senjayılmağan eseŋif you didn't spread (indeed) | oljayılmağan eseif he didn't spread (indeed) | bizjayılmağan esekif we didn't spread (indeed) | sizjayılmağan esegizif you all didn't spread (indeed) | alajayılmağan eseleif they didn't spread (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjayılğan bolsamif I had spread | senjayılğan bolsaŋif you had spread | oljayılğan bolsaif he had spread | bizjayılğan bolsaqif we had spread | sizjayılğan bolsağızif you all had spread | alajayılğan bolsalaif they had spread |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjayılmağan bolsamif I hadn't spread | senjayılmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't spread | oljayılmağan bolsaif he hadn't spread | bizjayılmağan bolsaqif we hadn't spread | sizjayılmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't spread | alajayılmağan bolsalaif they hadn't spread |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjayılğan bolsam edijayılğan bolsam edif only I had spread | senjayılğan bolsaŋ edijayılğan bolsaŋ edif only you had spread | oljayılğan bolsa edijayılğan bolsaedif only he had spread | bizjayılğan bolsaq edijayılğan bolsaq edif only we had spread | sizjayılğan bolsağız edijayılğan bolsağız edif only you all had spread | alajayılğan bolsala edijayılğan bolsalaedif only they had spread |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjayılmağan bolsam edijayılmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't spread | senjayılmağan bolsaŋ edijayılmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't spread | oljayılmağan bolsa edijayılmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't spread | bizjayılmağan bolsaq edijayılmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't spread | sizjayılmağan bolsağız edijayılmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't spread | alajayılmağan bolsala edijayılmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't spread |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjayılır esemif I will spread | senjayılır eseŋif you will spread | oljayılır eseif he will spread | bizjayılır esekif we will spread | sizjayılır esegizif you all will spread | alajayılır eseleif they will spread |
| Conditional, aorist | menjayılmaz esemif I won't spread | senjayılmaz eseŋif you won't spread | oljayılmaz eseif he won't spread | bizjayılmaz esekif we won't spread | sizjayılmaz esegizif you all won't spread | alajayılmaz eseleif they won't spread |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjayıllıq esemif I am going to spread | senjayıllıq eseŋif you are going to spread | oljayıllıq eseif he is going to spread | bizjayıllıq esekif we are going to spread | sizjayıllıq esegizif you all are going to spread | alajayıllıq eseleif they are going to spread |
| Conditional, future | menjayıllıq tül esemif I am not going to spread | senjayıllıq tül eseŋif you are not going to spread | oljayıllıq tül eseif he is not going to spread | bizjayıllıq tül esekif we are not going to spread | sizjayıllıq tül esegizif you all are not going to spread | alajayıllıq tül eseleif they are not going to spread |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjayıllıq bolsamif I were going to spread | senjayıllıq bolsaŋif you were going to spread | oljayıllıq bolsaif he were going to spread | bizjayıllıq bolsaqif we were going to spread | sizjayıllıq bolsağızif you all were going to spread | alajayıllıq bolsalaif they were going to spread |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjayılmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to spread | senjayılmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to spread | oljayılmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to spread | bizjayılmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to spread | sizjayılmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to spread | alajayılmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to spread |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jayıldıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjayıla bolurmaI must be spreading | senjayıla bolursayou must be spreading | oljayıla bolurhe must be spreading | bizjayıla bolurbuzwe must be spreading | sizjayıla bolursuzyou all must be spreading | alajayıla bolurlathey must be spreading |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjayılmay bolurmaI must not be spreading | senjayılmay bolursayou must not be spreading | oljayılmay bolurhe must not be spreading | bizjayılmay bolurbuzwe must not be spreading | sizjayılmay bolursuzyou all must not be spreading | alajayılmay bolurlathey must not be spreading |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjayıla tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of spreading | senjayıla tura bolursayou must be in the middle of spreading | oljayıla tura bolurhe must be in the middle of spreading | bizjayıla tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of spreading | sizjayıla tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of spreading | alajayıla tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of spreading |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjayılmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not spreading | senjayılmay tura bolursayou must keep on not spreading | oljayılmay tura bolurhe must keep on not spreading | bizjayılmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not spreading | sizjayılmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not spreading | alajayılmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not spreading |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjayılğan bolurmaI must have spread | senjayılğan bolursayou must have spread | oljayılğan bolurhe must have spread | bizjayılğan bolurbuzwe must have spread | sizjayılğan bolursuzyou all must have spread | alajayılğan bolurlathey must have spread |
| Inference (must have) | menjayılmağan bolurmaI must not have spread | senjayılmağan bolursayou must not have spread | oljayılmağan bolurhe must not have spread | bizjayılmağan bolurbuzwe must not have spread | sizjayılmağan bolursuzyou all must not have spread | alajayılmağan bolurlathey must not have spread |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjayıllıq bolurmaI must be going to spread | senjayıllıq bolursayou must be going to spread | oljayıllıq bolurhe must be going to spread | bizjayıllıq bolurbuzwe must be going to spread | sizjayıllıq bolursuzyou all must be going to spread | alajayıllıq bolurlathey must be going to spread |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjayılmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to spread | senjayılmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to spread | oljayılmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to spread | bizjayılmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to spread | sizjayılmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to spread | alajayılmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to spread |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjayılayımlet me spread | senjayıl!spread! | oljayılsınlet him spread | bizjayılayıqlet's spread | sizjayılığız!spread, you all! | alajayılsınlalet them spread |
| Commands & suggestions | menjayılmayımlet me not spread | senjayılma!don't spread! | oljayılmasınlet him not spread | bizjayılmayıqlet's not spread | sizjayılmağız!don't spread, you all! | alajayılmasınlalet them not spread |
| Commands & suggestions | menjayılayımmı?shall I spread? | oljayılsınmı?should he spread? | bizjayılayıqmı?shall we spread? | alajayılsınlamı?should they spread? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjayılmayımmı?shall I not spread? | oljayılmasınmı?should he not spread? | bizjayılmayıqmı?shall we not spread? | alajayılmasınlamı?should they not spread? | ||
| Requests | senjayılçı2jayılçınplease spread | oljayılsınçıdo let him spread | sizjayılçığızplease spread (plural/polite) | alajayılsınlaçıdo let them spread | ||
| Requests | senjayılmaçı2jayılmaçınplease don't spread | oljayılmasınçıdo let him not spread | sizjayılmaçığızplease don't spread (plural/polite) | alajayılmasınlaçıdo let them not spread | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjayılğınjayılğımay you spread | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjayılmağınjayılmağımay you not spread | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjayılğay edim jayılğa edimwould that I spread | senjayılğay ediŋ jayılğa ediŋwould that you spread | oljayılğay edi jayılğa ediwould that he spread | bizjayılğay edik jayılğa edikwould that we spread | sizjayılğay edigiz jayılğa edigizwould that you all spread | alajayılğay edile jayılğa edilewould that they spread |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjayılmağay edim jayılmağa edimwould that I did not spread | senjayılmağay ediŋ jayılmağa ediŋwould that you did not spread | oljayılmağay edi jayılmağa ediwould that he did not spread | bizjayılmağay edik jayılmağa edikwould that we did not spread | sizjayılmağay edigiz jayılmağa edigizwould that you all did not spread | alajayılmağay edile jayılmağa edilewould that they did not spread |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjayılmağa qoyayımjayılma qoyayımlet me allow someone to spread | senjayılmağa qoy!jayılma qoy!let someone spread! | oljayılmağa qoysunjayılma qoysunlet him allow someone to spread | bizjayılmağa qoyayıqjayılma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to spread | sizjayılmağa qoyuğuz!jayılma qoyuğuz!let someone spread, you all! | alajayılmağa qoysunlajayılma qoysunlalet them allow someone to spread |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjayılmağa qoymayımjayılma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to spread | senjayılmağa qoyma!jayılma qoyma!don't let someone spread! | oljayılmağa qoymasınjayılma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to spread | bizjayılmağa qoymayıqjayılma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to spread | sizjayılmağa qoymağız!jayılma qoymağız!don't let someone spread, you all! | alajayılmağa qoymasınlajayılma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to spread |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjayılmağa qoyayımmı?jayılma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to spread? | oljayılmağa qoysunmu?jayılma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to spread? | bizjayılmağa qoyayıqmı?jayılma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to spread? | alajayılmağa qoysunlamı?jayılma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to spread? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjayılmağa qoymayımmı?jayılma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to spread? | oljayılmağa qoymasınmı?jayılma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to spread? | bizjayılmağa qoymayıqmı?jayılma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to spread? | alajayılmağa qoymasınlamı?jayılma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to spread? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjayılmağa qoyamajayılma qoyamaI allow someone to spread | senjayılmağa qoyasajayılma qoyasayou allow someone to spread | oljayılmağa qoyadıjayılma qoyadıhe allows someone to spread | bizjayılmağa qoyabızjayılma qoyabızwe allow someone to spread | sizjayılmağa qoyasızjayılma qoyasızyou all allow someone to spread | alajayılmağa qoyadılajayılma qoyadılathey allow someone to spread |
| Let someone… (present) | menjayılmağa qoymaymajayılma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to spread | senjayılmağa qoymaysajayılma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to spread | oljayılmağa qoymaydıjayılma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to spread | bizjayılmağa qoymaybızjayılma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to spread | sizjayılmağa qoymaysızjayılma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to spread | alajayılmağa qoymaydılajayılma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to spread |
| Let someone… (present) | menjayılmağa qoyamamı?jayılma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to spread? | senjayılmağa qoyamısa?jayılma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to spread? | oljayılmağa qoyamıdı?jayılma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to spread? | bizjayılmağa qoyabızmı?jayılma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to spread? | sizjayılmağa qoyamısız?jayılma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to spread? | alajayılmağa qoyamıdıla?jayılma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to spread? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjayılmağa qoymaymamı?jayılma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to spread? | senjayılmağa qoymaymısa?jayılma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to spread? | oljayılmağa qoymaymıdı?jayılma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to spread? | bizjayılmağa qoymaybızmı?jayılma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to spread? | sizjayılmağa qoymaymısız?jayılma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to spread? | alajayılmağa qoymaymıdıla?jayılma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to spread? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjayılmağa qoydumjayılma qoydumI allowed someone to spread | senjayılmağa qoyduŋjayılma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to spread | oljayılmağa qoydujayılma qoyduhe allowed someone to spread | bizjayılmağa qoyduqjayılma qoyduqwe allowed someone to spread | sizjayılmağa qoyduğuzjayılma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to spread | alajayılmağa qoydulajayılma qoydulathey allowed someone to spread |
| Let someone… (past) | menjayılmağa qoymadımjayılma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to spread | senjayılmağa qoymadıŋjayılma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to spread | oljayılmağa qoymadıjayılma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to spread | bizjayılmağa qoymadıqjayılma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to spread | sizjayılmağa qoymadığızjayılma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to spread | alajayılmağa qoymadılajayılma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to spread |
| Let someone… (past) | menjayılmağa qoydummu?jayılma qoydummu?did I allow someone to spread? | senjayılmağa qoyduŋmu?jayılma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to spread? | oljayılmağa qoydumu?jayılma qoydumu?did he allow someone to spread? | bizjayılmağa qoyduqmu?jayılma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to spread? | sizjayılmağa qoyduğuzmu?jayılma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to spread? | alajayılmağa qoydulamı?jayılma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to spread? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjayılmağa qoymadımmı?jayılma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to spread? | senjayılmağa qoymadıŋmı?jayılma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to spread? | oljayılmağa qoymadımı?jayılma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to spread? | bizjayılmağa qoymadıqmı?jayılma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to spread? | sizjayılmağa qoymadığızmı?jayılma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to spread? | alajayılmağa qoymadılamı?jayılma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to spread? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
jayılalırğa be able to spread · jayılalmazğa be unable to spread
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjayılalamaI can spread | senjayılalasayou can spread | oljayılaladıhe can spread | bizjayılalabızwe can spread | sizjayılalasızyou all can spread | alajayılaladılathey can spread |
| Ability — present | menjayılalmaymaI can't spread | senjayılalmaysayou can't spread | oljayılalmaydıhe can't spread | bizjayılalmaybızwe can't spread | sizjayılalmaysızyou all can't spread | alajayılalmaydılathey can't spread |
| Ability — present | menjayılalamamı? jayılalamıma?can I spread? | senjayılalamısa?can you spread? | oljayılalamıdı?can he spread? | bizjayılalabızmı? jayılalamıbız?can we spread? | sizjayılalamısız?can you all spread? | alajayılalamıdıla?can they spread? |
| Ability — present | menjayılalmaymamı? jayılalmaymıma?can't I spread? | senjayılalmaymısa?can't you spread? | oljayılalmaymıdı?can't he spread? | bizjayılalmaybızmı? jayılalmaymıbız?can't we spread? | sizjayılalmaymısız?can't you all spread? | alajayılalmaymıdıla?can't they spread? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjayılalsamif I can spread | senjayılalsaŋif you can spread | oljayılalsaif he can spread | bizjayılalsaqif we can spread | sizjayılalsağızif you all can spread | alajayılalsalaif they can spread |
| Ability — if I can… | menjayılalmasamif I can't spread | senjayılalmasaŋif you can't spread | oljayılalmasaif he can't spread | bizjayılalmasaqif we can't spread | sizjayılalmasağızif you all can't spread | alajayılalmasalaif they can't spread |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjayılaldımI was able to spread | senjayılaldıŋyou were able to spread | oljayılaldıhe was able to spread | bizjayılaldıqwe were able to spread | sizjayılaldığızyou all were able to spread | alajayılaldılathey were able to spread |
| Ability — simple past | menjayılalmadımI could not spread | senjayılalmadıŋyou could not spread | oljayılalmadıhe could not spread | bizjayılalmadıqwe could not spread | sizjayılalmadığızyou all could not spread | alajayılalmadılathey could not spread |
| Ability — simple past | menjayılaldımmı?was I able to spread? | senjayılaldıŋmı?were you able to spread? | oljayılaldımı?was he able to spread? | bizjayılaldıqmı?were we able to spread? | sizjayılaldığızmı?were you all able to spread? | alajayılaldılamı?were they able to spread? |
| Ability — simple past | menjayılalmadımmı?couldn't I spread? | senjayılalmadıŋmı?couldn't you spread? | oljayılalmadımı?couldn't he spread? | bizjayılalmadıqmı?couldn't we spread? | sizjayılalmadığızmı?couldn't you all spread? | alajayılalmadılamı?couldn't they spread? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjayılalğanmaI have been able to spread | senjayılalğansayou have been able to spread | oljayılalğandıhe has been able to spread | bizjayılalğanbızwe have been able to spread | sizjayılalğansızyou all have been able to spread | alajayılalğandılathey have been able to spread |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjayılalmağanmaI haven't been able to spread | senjayılalmağansayou haven't been able to spread | oljayılalmağandıhe hasn't been able to spread | bizjayılalmağanbızwe haven't been able to spread | sizjayılalmağansızyou all haven't been able to spread | alajayılalmağandılathey haven't been able to spread |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjayılalğanmamı? jayılalğanmıma?have I been able to spread? | senjayılalğanmısa?have you been able to spread? | oljayılalğanmıdı?has he been able to spread? | bizjayılalğanbızmı? jayılalğanmıbız?have we been able to spread? | sizjayılalğanmısız?have you all been able to spread? | alajayılalğanmıdıla?have they been able to spread? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjayılalmağanmamı? jayılalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to spread? | senjayılalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to spread? | oljayılalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to spread? | bizjayılalmağanbızmı? jayılalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to spread? | sizjayılalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to spread? | alajayılalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to spread? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjayılalğan edimjayılalğanemI had been able to spread | senjayılalğan ediŋjayılalğaneŋyou had been able to spread | oljayılalğan edijayılalğanedhe had been able to spread | bizjayılalğan edikjayılalğanekwe had been able to spread | sizjayılalğan edigizjayılalğanegizyou all had been able to spread | alajayılalğan edilejayılalğanellethey had been able to spread |
| Ability — past perfect | menjayılalmağan edimjayılalmağanemI hadn't been able to spread | senjayılalmağan ediŋjayılalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to spread | oljayılalmağan edijayılalmağanedhe hadn't been able to spread | bizjayılalmağan edikjayılalmağanekwe hadn't been able to spread | sizjayılalmağan edigizjayılalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to spread | alajayılalmağan edilejayılalmağanellethey hadn't been able to spread |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjayılala edimjayılalaemI could spread | senjayılala ediŋjayılalaeŋyou could spread | oljayılala edijayılalaedhe could spread | bizjayılala edikjayılalaekwe could spread | sizjayılala edigizjayılalaegizyou all could spread | alajayılala edilejayılalaellethey could spread |
| Ability — past background | menjayılalmay edimjayılalmayemI could not spread | senjayılalmay ediŋjayılalmayeŋyou could not spread | oljayılalmay edijayılalmayedhe could not spread | bizjayılalmay edikjayılalmayekwe could not spread | sizjayılalmay edigizjayılalmayegizyou all could not spread | alajayılalmay edilejayılalmayellethey could not spread |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjayılalırmaI will be able to spread | senjayılalırsayou will be able to spread | oljayılalırhe will be able to spread | bizjayılalırbızwe will be able to spread | sizjayılalırsızyou all will be able to spread | alajayılalırlathey will be able to spread |
| Ability — future I | menjayılalmazmaI won't be able to spread | senjayılalmazsayou won't be able to spread | oljayılalmazhe won't be able to spread | bizjayılalmazbızwe won't be able to spread | sizjayılalmazsızyou all won't be able to spread | alajayılalmazlathey won't be able to spread |
| Ability — future I | menjayılalırmamı? jayılalırmıma?will I be able to spread? | senjayılalırmısa?will you be able to spread? | oljayılalırmı?will he be able to spread? | bizjayılalırbızmı? jayılalırmıbız?will we be able to spread? | sizjayılalırmısız?will you all be able to spread? | alajayılalırlamı? jayılalırmıla?will they be able to spread? |
| Ability — future I | menjayılalmazmamı? jayılalmazmıma?won't I be able to spread? | senjayılalmazmısa?won't you be able to spread? | oljayılalmazmı?won't he be able to spread? | bizjayılalmazbızmı? jayılalmazmıbız?won't we be able to spread? | sizjayılalmazmısız?won't you all be able to spread? | alajayılalmazlamı? jayılalmazmıla?won't they be able to spread? |
| Ability — future II | menjayılallıqmaI am going to be able to spread | senjayılallıqsayou are going to be able to spread | oljayılallıqdıhe is going to be able to spread | bizjayılallıqbızwe are going to be able to spread | sizjayılallıqsızyou all are going to be able to spread | alajayılallıqdılathey are going to be able to spread |
| Ability — future II | menjayılallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to spread | senjayılallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to spread | oljayılallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to spread | bizjayılallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to spread | sizjayılallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to spread | alajayılallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to spread |
| Ability — future II | menjayılallıqmamı? jayılallıqmıma?am I going to be able to spread? | senjayılallıqmısa?are you going to be able to spread? | oljayılallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to spread? | bizjayılallıqbızmı? jayılallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to spread? | sizjayılallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to spread? | alajayılallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to spread? |
| Ability — future II | menjayılallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to spread? | senjayılallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to spread? | oljayılallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to spread? | bizjayılallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to spread? | sizjayılallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to spread? | alajayılallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to spread? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjayılalır edimjayılalır emI would be able to spread | senjayılalır ediŋjayılalır eŋyou would be able to spread | oljayılalır edijayılalır edhe would be able to spread | bizjayılalır edikjayılalır ekwe would be able to spread | sizjayılalır edigizjayılalır egizyou all would be able to spread | alajayılalır edilejayılalır ellethey would be able to spread |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjayılalmaz edimjayılalmaz emI wouldn't be able to spread | senjayılalmaz ediŋjayılalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to spread | oljayılalmaz edijayılalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to spread | bizjayılalmaz edikjayılalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to spread | sizjayılalmaz edigizjayılalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to spread | alajayılalmaz edilejayılalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to spread |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjayılalğınjayılalğımay you be able to spread | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjayılalmağınjayılalmağımay you not be able to spread | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjayılırğa izleymeI want to spread | senjayılırğa izleyseyou want to spread | oljayılırğa izleydihe wants to spread | bizjayılırğa izleybizwe want to spread | sizjayılırğa izleysizyou all want to spread | alajayılırğa izleydilethey want to spread |
| want to | menjayılırğa izlemeymeI do not want to spread | senjayılırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to spread | oljayılırğa izlemeydihe does not want to spread | bizjayılırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to spread | sizjayılırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to spread | alajayılırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to spread |
| would like to | menjayılırğa süemeI would like to spread | senjayılırğa süeseyou would like to spread | oljayılırğa süedihe would like to spread | bizjayılırğa süebizwe would like to spread | sizjayılırğa süesizyou all would like to spread | alajayılırğa süedilethey would like to spread |
| would like to | menjayılırğa süymeymeI would not like to spread | senjayılırğa süymeyseyou would not like to spread | oljayılırğa süymeydihe would not like to spread | bizjayılırğa süymeybizwe would not like to spread | sizjayılırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to spread | alajayılırğa süymeydilethey would not like to spread |
| hope to | menjayılırğa umutlanamaI hope to spread | senjayılırğa umutlanasayou hope to spread | oljayılırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to spread | bizjayılırğa umutlanabızwe hope to spread | sizjayılırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to spread | alajayılırğa umutlanadılathey hope to spread |
| hope to | menjayılırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to spread | senjayılırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to spread | oljayılırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to spread | bizjayılırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to spread | sizjayılırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to spread | alajayılırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to spread |
| be about to | menjayılırğa deb turamaI am about to spread | senjayılırğa deb turasayou are about to spread | oljayılırğa deb turadıhe is about to spread | bizjayılırğa deb turabızwe are about to spread | sizjayılırğa deb turasızyou all are about to spread | alajayılırğa deb turadılathey are about to spread |
| be about to | menjayılırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to spread | senjayılırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to spread | oljayılırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to spread | bizjayılırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to spread | sizjayılırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to spread | alajayılırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to spread |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjayılırğa kerekmeI need to spread | senjayılırğa kerekseyou need to spread | oljayılırğa kerekdihe needs to spread | bizjayılırğa kerekbizwe need to spread | sizjayılırğa kereksizyou all need to spread | alajayılırğa kerekdilethey need to spread |
| need to | menjayılırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to spread | senjayılırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to spread | oljayılırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to spread | bizjayılırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to spread | sizjayılırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to spread | alajayılırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to spread |
| have to | menmenŋe jayılırğa tüşediI have to spread | sensenŋe jayılırğa tüşediyou have to spread | olaŋa jayılırğa tüşedihe has to spread | bizbizge jayılırğa tüşediwe have to spread | sizsizge jayılırğa tüşediyou all have to spread | alaalağa jayılırğa tüşedithey have to spread |
| have to | menmenŋe jayılırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to spread | sensenŋe jayılırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to spread | olaŋa jayılırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to spread | bizbizge jayılırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to spread | sizsizge jayılırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to spread | alaalağa jayılırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to spread |
| be obliged to | menjayılırğa borçlumaI am obliged to spread | senjayılırğa borçlusayou are obliged to spread | oljayılırğa borçluduhe is obliged to spread | bizjayılırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to spread | sizjayılırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to spread | alajayılırğa borçludulathey are obliged to spread |
| be obliged to | menjayılırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to spread | senjayılırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to spread | oljayılırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to spread | bizjayılırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to spread | sizjayılırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to spread | alajayılırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to spread |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjayılırğa madarım bardıI have a way to spread | senjayılırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to spread | oljayılırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to spread | bizjayılırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to spread | sizjayılırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to spread | alajayılırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to spread |
| have a way to | menjayılırğa madarım joqduI have no way to spread | senjayılırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to spread | oljayılırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to spread | bizjayılırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to spread | sizjayılırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to spread | alajayılırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to spread |
| be free to | menjayılırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to spread | senjayılırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to spread | oljayılırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to spread | bizjayılırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to spread | sizjayılırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to spread | alajayılırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to spread |
| be free to | menjayılırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to spread | senjayılırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to spread | oljayılırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to spread | bizjayılırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to spread | sizjayılırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to spread | alajayılırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to spread |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jayılırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to spread | sensenŋe jayılırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to spread | olaŋa jayılırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to spread | bizbizge jayılırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to spread | sizsizge jayılırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to spread | alaalağa jayılırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to spread |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jayılırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to spread | sensenŋe jayılırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to spread | olaŋa jayılırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to spread | bizbizge jayılırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to spread | sizsizge jayılırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to spread | alaalağa jayılırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to spread |
| be ready to | menjayılırğa hazırmaI am ready to spread | senjayılırğa hazırsayou are ready to spread | oljayılırğa hazırdıhe is ready to spread | bizjayılırğa hazırbızwe are ready to spread | sizjayılırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to spread | alajayılırğa hazırdılathey are ready to spread |
| be ready to | menjayılırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to spread | senjayılırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to spread | oljayılırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to spread | bizjayılırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to spread | sizjayılırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to spread | alajayılırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to spread |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjayılırğa küreşemeI am trying to spread | senjayılırğa küreşeseyou are trying to spread | oljayılırğa küreşedihe is trying to spread | bizjayılırğa küreşebizwe are trying to spread | sizjayılırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to spread | alajayılırğa küreşedilethey are trying to spread |
| try to | menjayılırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to spread | senjayılırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to spread | oljayılırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to spread | bizjayılırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to spread | sizjayılırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to spread | alajayılırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to spread |
| agree to | menjayılırğa unaymaI agree to spread | senjayılırğa unaysayou agree to spread | oljayılırğa unaydıhe agrees to spread | bizjayılırğa unaybızwe agree to spread | sizjayılırğa unaysızyou all agree to spread | alajayılırğa unaydılathey agree to spread |
| agree to | menjayılırğa unamaymaI refuse to spread | senjayılırğa unamaysayou refuse to spread | oljayılırğa unamaydıhe refuses to spread | bizjayılırğa unamaybızwe refuse to spread | sizjayılırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to spread | alajayılırğa unamaydılathey refuse to spread |
| hurry to | menjayılırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to spread | senjayılırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to spread | oljayılırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to spread | bizjayılırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to spread | sizjayılırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to spread | alajayılırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to spread |
| hurry to | menjayılırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to spread | senjayılırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to spread | oljayılırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to spread | bizjayılırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to spread | sizjayılırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to spread | alajayılırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to spread |
| be afraid to | menjayılırğa qorqamaI am afraid to spread | senjayılırğa qorqasayou are afraid to spread | oljayılırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to spread | bizjayılırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to spread | sizjayılırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to spread | alajayılırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to spread |
| be afraid to | menjayılırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to spread | senjayılırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to spread | oljayılırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to spread | bizjayılırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to spread | sizjayılırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to spread | alajayılırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to spread |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjayıla bolmazmaI can't be spreading | senjayıla bolmazsayou can't be spreading | oljayıla bolmazhe can't be spreading | bizjayıla bolmazbızwe can't be spreading | sizjayıla bolmazsızyou all can't be spreading | alajayıla bolmazlathey can't be spreading |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjayılmay bolmazmaI must be spreading (emphatic) | senjayılmay bolmazsayou must be spreading (emphatic) | oljayılmay bolmazhe must be spreading (emphatic) | bizjayılmay bolmazbızwe must be spreading (emphatic) | sizjayılmay bolmazsızyou all must be spreading (emphatic) | alajayılmay bolmazlathey must be spreading (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjayıla turmasamif I don't keep spreading | senjayıla turmasaŋif you don't keep spreading | oljayıla turmasaif he doesn't keep spreading | bizjayıla turmasaqif we don't keep spreading | sizjayıla turmasağızif you all don't keep spreading | alajayıla turmasalaif they don't keep spreading |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjayıla tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of spreading | senjayıla tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of spreading | oljayıla tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of spreading | bizjayıla tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of spreading | sizjayıla tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of spreading | alajayıla tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of spreading |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjayılmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not spreading (emphatic) | senjayılmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not spreading (emphatic) | oljayılmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not spreading (emphatic) | bizjayılmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not spreading (emphatic) | sizjayılmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not spreading (emphatic) | alajayılmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not spreading (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjayılmay turamaI keep on not spreading | senjayılmay turasayou keep on not spreading | oljayılmay turadıhe keeps on not spreading | bizjayılmay turabızwe keep on not spreading | sizjayılmay turasızyou all keep on not spreading | alajayılmay turadılathey keep on not spreading |
| Progressive — double negation | menjayılmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not spreading | senjayılmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not spreading | oljayılmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not spreading | bizjayılmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not spreading | sizjayılmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not spreading | alajayılmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not spreading |
| Progressive — double negation | menjayılmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not spreading? | senjayılmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not spreading? | oljayılmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not spreading? | bizjayılmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not spreading? | sizjayılmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not spreading? | alajayılmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not spreading? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjayılğan bolmazmaI can't have spread | senjayılğan bolmazsayou can't have spread | oljayılğan bolmazhe can't have spread | bizjayılğan bolmazbızwe can't have spread | sizjayılğan bolmazsızyou all can't have spread | alajayılğan bolmazlathey can't have spread |
| Inference — double negation | menjayılmağan bolmazmaI must have spread (emphatic) | senjayılmağan bolmazsayou must have spread (emphatic) | oljayılmağan bolmazhe must have spread (emphatic) | bizjayılmağan bolmazbızwe must have spread (emphatic) | sizjayılmağan bolmazsızyou all must have spread (emphatic) | alajayılmağan bolmazlathey must have spread (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjayılğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had spread | senjayılğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had spread | oljayılğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had spread | bizjayılğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had spread | sizjayılğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had spread | alajayılğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had spread |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjayılmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't spread | senjayılmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't spread | oljayılmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't spread | bizjayılmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't spread | sizjayılmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't spread | alajayılmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't spread |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjayıllıq bolmazmaI can't be going to spread | senjayıllıq bolmazsayou can't be going to spread | oljayıllıq bolmazhe can't be going to spread | bizjayıllıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to spread | sizjayıllıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to spread | alajayıllıq bolmazlathey can't be going to spread |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjayılmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to spread (emphatic) | senjayılmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to spread (emphatic) | oljayılmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to spread (emphatic) | bizjayılmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to spread (emphatic) | sizjayılmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to spread (emphatic) | alajayılmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to spread (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjayıllıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to spread | senjayıllıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to spread | oljayıllıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to spread | bizjayıllıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to spread | sizjayıllıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to spread | alajayıllıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to spread |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjayılmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to spread | senjayılmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to spread | oljayılmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to spread | bizjayılmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to spread | sizjayılmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to spread | alajayılmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to spread |