jay
/dʒaj/
Definitions
1. summer, the summer season
- jay keldi — summer has come
- jaynı künü bek jılı boladı — a summer day is very warm
- jayda işlegen qışda toq bolur — one who works in summer will be well-fed in winter
2. during the summertime
- jay taw jaylıqğa mal kütürbüz — in summer we pasture cattle on mountain meadows
- jay jolğa çıqğan arımaz — one setting out on a journey in summer does not tire
- jay saban sürerge çıqdıla — in summer they went out to till the fields
Feedback
or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | jaythe summer | jaylathe summers | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | jaynıthe summer's | jaylanıthe summers' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | jaynıthe summer (as the object) | jaylanıthe summers (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | jayğato the summer | jaylağato the summers | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | jaydaat / in the summer | jayladaat / in the summers | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | jaydanfrom the summer | jayladanfrom the summers | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | jayımmy summer | jaylarımmy summers |
| your | jayıngyour summer | jaylarıngyour summers |
| his / her | jayıhis / her summer | jaylarıhis / her summers |
| our | jayıbızour summer | jaylarıbızour summers |
| you all's | jayığızyou all's summer | jaylarığızyou all's summers |
| their | jaylarıtheir summer | jaylarıtheir summers |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: jayları can mean "his / her summers", "their summer", or "their summers" — context decides.