es
/es/
Definitions
1. memory, the faculty of retaining and recalling what has been experienced
- esimde qaldı ol aythan sözüng — that word of yours stayed in my memory
- eski zamanlanı esge tüşürdük — we called old times back to memory
- anı atı esimden ketdi — his name has gone from my memory
2. attention, the directing of one's notice towards something
- meni sözüme es böl — give your attention to what I say
- esingi jıy da jolğa qara — collect your attention and watch the road
3. quickness of understanding, good sense in judging a matter
- anı esi ulludu — his understanding is great
- esi bolmağan adam joldan azar — a person without good sense strays from the road
4. consciousness, the state of being aware of oneself and one's surroundings
- awruğandan sora esine keldi — after the illness he came back to consciousness
- esi ketib jığıldı — he lost consciousness and fell
Related
essizwithoutslow-witted, dull, unable to grasp things; inattentive, forgetful, absent-minded
Feedback
or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | esthe memory | eslethe memories | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | esnithe memory's | eslenithe memories' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | esnithe memory (as the object) | eslenithe memories (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | esgeto the memory | eslegeto the memories | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | esdeat / in the memory | esledeat / in the memories | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | esdenfrom the memory | esledenfrom the memories | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | esimmy memory | eslerimmy memories |
| your | esingyour memory | esleringyour memories |
| his / her | esihis / her memory | eslerihis / her memories |
| our | esibizour memory | esleribizour memories |
| you all's | esigizyou all's memory | eslerigizyou all's memories |
| their | esleritheir memory | esleritheir memories |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: esleri can mean "his / her memories", "their memory", or "their memories" — context decides.