batarğa
/batarʁa/
1. sink, go under, drown; be lost from sight
- ağaç suwda batmaydı — wood does not sink in water
- suwğa batıb keterge — to go under the water and drown
- teŋizge bathan kemele — ships sunk in the sea
- batıb barırğa — to be sinking
- keme batdı — the ship sank
2. set, go down — Of the sun, the stars and the other heavenly bodies. With stars it also covers fading from sight: julduzla batadıla 'the stars are going out'.
- kün batdı — the sun has set
- julduzla batdıla — the stars have gone out
- kün bathan zaman — the hour of sunset
- kün batarğa qısılıb baradı — the sun is drawing close to setting
3. get stuck, become bogged down, become trapped or embedded
- batmaqğa batarğa — to get stuck in the mud
- kürtge batarğa — to get stuck in a snowdrift
- çarh batmaqğa bathandı — the wheel has gotten stuck in the mud
4. be dented, be pressed in — Also of eyes: bathan közle 'sunken eyes'.
- bathan taz — a dented basin
- bathan çelek — a dented bucket
- bathan jeri — the place where it is dented
- bathan közle — sunken eyes
5. give oneself over to, be absorbed in, be immersed in — Used with the dative: işge batarğa 'bury oneself in work', sağışha batarğa 'sink into thought', juquğa batarğa 'fall into a deep sleep'. It also covers being steeped in something: borçha batarğa 'be deep in debt', baylıqğa batarğa 'be rolling in wealth'.
- işge batarğa — to be absorbed in one's work
- sağışha batarğa — to be lost in thought
- juquğa batarğa — to sink into sleep
- borçha batarğa — to be deep in debt
- baylıqğa batarğa — to be rolling in wealth
6. fall through, cave in, collapse
- üy bathandı — the house has caved in
- jol batıb qalğandı — the road has fallen in
- başı bathandı — its roof has collapsed
7. stick in, be driven in, pierce — Of claws, blades and the like: quşnu tırnaqları qoyannı sırtına batdıla 'the eagle's claws sank into the hare's back'.
- bıçaq teren bathandı — the knife went in deep
- oq batıb qalğandı — the bullet has lodged fast
Expressions
- aşha batmazğa — have no appetite
- awuzu batmazğa — carry no weight
- bakığa batarğa — come into wealth
- hantha batmazğa — have no appetite
Conjugation
Common forms
- batadıhe is sinking
- batdıhe sank
- bathandıhe has sunk
- batarhe will sink
- batarıqdıhe is going to sink
- bata edihe was sinking
- batsaif he sinks
- bat!sink!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbatamaI am sinking | senbatasayou are sinking | olbatadıhe is sinking | bizbatabızwe are sinking | sizbatasızyou all are sinking | alabatadılathey are sinking |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbatmaymaI am not sinking | senbatmaysayou are not sinking | olbatmaydıhe is not sinking | bizbatmaybızwe are not sinking | sizbatmaysızyou all are not sinking | alabatmaydılathey are not sinking |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbatamamı? batamıma?am I sinking? | senbatamısa?are you sinking? | olbatamıdı?is he sinking? | bizbatabızmı? batamıbız?are we sinking? | sizbatamısız?are you all sinking? | alabatamıdıla?are they sinking? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbatmaymamı? batmaymıma?aren't I sinking? | senbatmaymısa?aren't you sinking? | olbatmaymıdı?isn't he sinking? | bizbatmaybızmı? batmaymıbız?aren't we sinking? | sizbatmaymısız?aren't you all sinking? | alabatmaymıdıla?aren't they sinking? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbatıwçanmaI usually sink | senbatıwçansayou usually sink | olbatıwçandıhe usually sinks | bizbatıwçanbızwe usually sink | sizbatıwçansızyou all usually sink | alabatıwçandılathey usually sink |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbatmawçanmaI usually don't sink | senbatmawçansayou usually don't sink | olbatmawçandıhe usually doesn't sink | bizbatmawçanbızwe usually don't sink | sizbatmawçansızyou all usually don't sink | alabatmawçandılathey usually don't sink |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbatıwçanmamı? batıwçanmıma?do I usually sink? | senbatıwçanmısa?do you usually sink? | olbatıwçanmıdı?does he usually sink? | bizbatıwçanbızmı? batıwçanmıbız?do we usually sink? | sizbatıwçanmısız?do you all usually sink? | alabatıwçanmıdıla?do they usually sink? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbatmawçanmamı? batmawçanmıma?do I usually not sink? | senbatmawçanmısa?do you usually not sink? | olbatmawçanmıdı?does he usually not sink? | bizbatmawçanbızmı? batmawçanmıbız?do we usually not sink? | sizbatmawçanmısız?do you all usually not sink? | alabatmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not sink? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olbatıbdıhe has sunk and remains so | alabatıbdılathey have sunk and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olbatıbmıdı?has he sunk? | alabatıbmıdıla?have they sunk? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbatıb turamaI keep sinking | senbatıb turasayou keep sinking | olbatıb turadıhe keeps sinking | bizbatıb turabızwe keep sinking | sizbatıb turasızyou all keep sinking | alabatıb turadılathey keep sinking |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbatıb turmaymaI don't keep sinking | senbatıb turmaysayou don't keep sinking | olbatıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep sinking | bizbatıb turmaybızwe don't keep sinking | sizbatıb turmaysızyou all don't keep sinking | alabatıb turmaydılathey don't keep sinking |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbatıb turamamı? batıb turamıma?do I keep sinking? | senbatıb turamısa?do you keep sinking? | olbatıb turamıdı?does he keep sinking? | bizbatıb turabızmı? batıb turamıbız?do we keep sinking? | sizbatıb turamısız?do you all keep sinking? | alabatıb turamıdıla?do they keep sinking? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbatıb turmaymamı? batıb turmaymıma?don't I keep sinking? | senbatıb turmaymısa?don't you keep sinking? | olbatıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep sinking? | bizbatıb turmaybızmı? batıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep sinking? | sizbatıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep sinking? | alabatıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep sinking? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbata turamaI am in the middle of sinking | senbata turasayou are in the middle of sinking | olbata turadıhe is in the middle of sinking | bizbata turabızwe are in the middle of sinking | sizbata turasızyou all are in the middle of sinking | alabata turadılathey are in the middle of sinking |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbata turmaymaI am not in the middle of sinking | senbata turmaysayou are not in the middle of sinking | olbata turmaydıhe is not in the middle of sinking | bizbata turmaybızwe are not in the middle of sinking | sizbata turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of sinking | alabata turmaydılathey are not in the middle of sinking |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbata turamamı? bata turamıma?am I in the middle of sinking? | senbata turamısa?are you in the middle of sinking? | olbata turamıdı?is he in the middle of sinking? | bizbata turabızmı? bata turamıbız?are we in the middle of sinking? | sizbata turamısız?are you all in the middle of sinking? | alabata turamıdıla?are they in the middle of sinking? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbata turmaymamı? bata turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of sinking? | senbata turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of sinking? | olbata turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of sinking? | bizbata turmaybızmı? bata turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of sinking? | sizbata turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of sinking? | alabata turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of sinking? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbatdımI sank | senbatdıŋyou sank | olbatdıhe sank | bizbatdıqwe sank | sizbatdığızyou all sank | alabatdılathey sank |
| Simple past (definite) | menbatmadımI didn't sink | senbatmadıŋyou didn't sink | olbatmadıhe didn't sink | bizbatmadıqwe didn't sink | sizbatmadığızyou all didn't sink | alabatmadılathey didn't sink |
| Simple past (definite) | menbatdımmı?did I sink? | senbatdıŋmı?did you sink? | olbatdımı?did he sink? | bizbatdıqmı?did we sink? | sizbatdığızmı?did you all sink? | alabatdılamı?did they sink? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbatmadımmı?didn't I sink? | senbatmadıŋmı?didn't you sink? | olbatmadımı?didn't he sink? | bizbatmadıqmı?didn't we sink? | sizbatmadığızmı?didn't you all sink? | alabatmadılamı?didn't they sink? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbathanmaI have sunk | senbathansayou have sunk | olbathandıhe has sunk | bizbathanbızwe have sunk | sizbathansızyou all have sunk | alabathandılathey have sunk |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbatmağanmaI haven't sunk | senbatmağansayou haven't sunk | olbatmağandıhe hasn't sunk | bizbatmağanbızwe haven't sunk | sizbatmağansızyou all haven't sunk | alabatmağandılathey haven't sunk |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbathanmamı? bathanmıma?have I sunk? | senbathanmısa?have you sunk? | olbathanmıdı?has he sunk? | bizbathanbızmı? bathanmıbız?have we sunk? | sizbathanmısız?have you all sunk? | alabathanmıdıla?have they sunk? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbatmağanmamı? batmağanmıma?haven't I sunk? | senbatmağanmısa?haven't you sunk? | olbatmağanmıdı?hasn't he sunk? | bizbatmağanbızmı? batmağanmıbız?haven't we sunk? | sizbatmağanmısız?haven't you all sunk? | alabatmağanmıdıla?haven't they sunk? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menbatıb turdumI kept sinking | senbatıb turduŋyou kept sinking | olbatıb turduhe kept sinking | bizbatıb turduqwe kept sinking | sizbatıb turduğuzyou all kept sinking | alabatıb turdulathey kept sinking |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menbatıb turmadımI didn't keep sinking | senbatıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep sinking | olbatıb turmadıhe didn't keep sinking | bizbatıb turmadıqwe didn't keep sinking | sizbatıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep sinking | alabatıb turmadılathey didn't keep sinking |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbatarmaI will sink | senbatarsayou will sink | olbatarhe will sink | bizbatarbızwe will sink | sizbatarsızyou all will sink | alabatarlathey will sink |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbatmazmaI won't sink | senbatmazsayou won't sink | olbatmazhe won't sink | bizbatmazbızwe won't sink | sizbatmazsızyou all won't sink | alabatmazlathey won't sink |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbatarmamı? batarmıma?will I sink? | senbatarmısa?will you sink? | olbatarmı?will he sink? | bizbatarbızmı? batarmıbız?will we sink? | sizbatarmısız?will you all sink? | alabatarlamı? batarmıla?will they sink? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbatmazmamı? batmazmıma?won't I sink? | senbatmazmısa?won't you sink? | olbatmazmı?won't he sink? | bizbatmazbızmı? batmazmıbız?won't we sink? | sizbatmazmısız?won't you all sink? | alabatmazlamı? batmazmıla?won't they sink? |
| Definite future (future II) | menbatarıqmaI am going to sink | senbatarıqsayou are going to sink | olbatarıqdıhe is going to sink | bizbatarıqbızwe are going to sink | sizbatarıqsızyou all are going to sink | alabatarıqdılathey are going to sink |
| Definite future (future II) | menbatarıq tülmeI am not going to sink | senbatarıq tülseyou are not going to sink | olbatarıq tüldühe is not going to sink | bizbatarıq tülbüzwe are not going to sink | sizbatarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to sink | alabatarıq tüldülethey are not going to sink |
| Definite future (future II) | menbatarıqmamı? batarıqmıma?am I going to sink? | senbatarıqmısa?are you going to sink? | olbatarıqmıdı?is he going to sink? | bizbatarıqbızmı? batarıqmıbız?are we going to sink? | sizbatarıqmısız?are you all going to sink? | alabatarıqmıdıla?are they going to sink? |
| Definite future (future II) | menbatarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to sink? | senbatarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to sink? | olbatarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to sink? | bizbatarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to sink? | sizbatarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to sink? | alabatarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to sink? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbathan edimbathanemI had sunk | senbathan ediŋbathaneŋyou had sunk | olbathan edibathanedhe had sunk | bizbathan edikbathanekwe had sunk | sizbathan edigizbathanegizyou all had sunk | alabathan edilebathanellethey had sunk |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbatmağan edimbatmağanemI hadn't sunk | senbatmağan ediŋbatmağaneŋyou hadn't sunk | olbatmağan edibatmağanedhe hadn't sunk | bizbatmağan edikbatmağanekwe hadn't sunk | sizbatmağan edigizbatmağanegizyou all hadn't sunk | alabatmağan edilebatmağanellethey hadn't sunk |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbata edimbataemI was sinking | senbata ediŋbataeŋyou were sinking | olbata edibataedhe was sinking | bizbata edikbataekwe were sinking | sizbata edigizbataegizyou all were sinking | alabata edilebataellethey were sinking |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbatmay edimbatmayemI wasn't sinking | senbatmay ediŋbatmayeŋyou weren't sinking | olbatmay edibatmayedhe wasn't sinking | bizbatmay edikbatmayekwe weren't sinking | sizbatmay edigizbatmayegizyou all weren't sinking | alabatmay edilebatmayellethey weren't sinking |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menbatıwçan edimbatıwçanemI used to sink | senbatıwçan ediŋbatıwçaneŋyou used to sink | olbatıwçan edibatıwçanedhe used to sink | bizbatıwçan edikbatıwçanekwe used to sink | sizbatıwçan edigizbatıwçanegizyou all used to sink | alabatıwçan edilebatıwçanellethey used to sink |
| Habitual past (used to) | menbatmawçan edimbatmawçanemI didn't use to sink | senbatmawçan ediŋbatmawçaneŋyou didn't use to sink | olbatmawçan edibatmawçanedhe didn't use to sink | bizbatmawçan edikbatmawçanekwe didn't use to sink | sizbatmawçan edigizbatmawçanegizyou all didn't use to sink | alabatmawçan edilebatmawçanellethey didn't use to sink |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olbatıb edihe had sunk and remained so | alabatıb edilethey had sunk and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olbatıb tül edihe hadn't sunk | alabatıb tül edilethey hadn't sunk | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menbatıb tura edimbatıb turaemI had kept sinking | senbatıb tura ediŋbatıb turaeŋyou had kept sinking | olbatıb tura edibatıb turaedhe had kept sinking | bizbatıb tura edikbatıb turaekwe had kept sinking | sizbatıb tura edigizbatıb turaegizyou all had kept sinking | alabatıb tura edilebatıb turaellethey had kept sinking |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menbatıb turmay edimbatıb turmayemI hadn't kept sinking | senbatıb turmay ediŋbatıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept sinking | olbatıb turmay edibatıb turmayedhe hadn't kept sinking | bizbatıb turmay edikbatıb turmayekwe hadn't kept sinking | sizbatıb turmay edigizbatıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept sinking | alabatıb turmay edilebatıb turmayellethey hadn't kept sinking |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbata tura edimbata turaemI was in the middle of sinking | senbata tura ediŋbata turaeŋyou were in the middle of sinking | olbata tura edibata turaedhe was in the middle of sinking | bizbata tura edikbata turaekwe were in the middle of sinking | sizbata tura edigizbata turaegizyou all were in the middle of sinking | alabata tura edilebata turaellethey were in the middle of sinking |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbata turmay edimbata turmayemI wasn't in the middle of sinking | senbata turmay ediŋbata turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of sinking | olbata turmay edibata turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of sinking | bizbata turmay edikbata turmayekwe weren't in the middle of sinking | sizbata turmay edigizbata turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of sinking | alabata turmay edilebata turmayellethey weren't in the middle of sinking |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menbatar edimbatar emI would sink | senbatar ediŋbatar eŋyou would sink | olbatar edibatar edhe would sink | bizbatar edikbatar ekwe would sink | sizbatar edigizbatar egizyou all would sink | alabatar edilebatar ellethey would sink |
| Conditional result (would) | menbatmaz edimbatmaz emI wouldn't sink | senbatmaz ediŋbatmaz eŋyou wouldn't sink | olbatmaz edibatmaz edhe wouldn't sink | bizbatmaz edikbatmaz ekwe wouldn't sink | sizbatmaz edigizbatmaz egizyou all wouldn't sink | alabatmaz edilebatmaz ellethey wouldn't sink |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menbatarıq edimbatarıq emI would have sunk | senbatarıq ediŋbatarıq eŋyou would have sunk | olbatarıq edibatarıq edhe would have sunk | bizbatarıq edikbatarıq ekwe would have sunk | sizbatarıq edigizbatarıq egizyou all would have sunk | alabatarıq edilebatarıq ellethey would have sunk |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menbatarıq tül edimbatarıq tül emI wouldn't have sunk | senbatarıq tül ediŋbatarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have sunk | olbatarıq tül edibatarıq tül edhe wouldn't have sunk | bizbatarıq tül edikbatarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have sunk | sizbatarıq tül edigizbatarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have sunk | alabatarıq tül edilebatarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have sunk |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menbatsamif I sink | senbatsaŋif you sink | olbatsaif he sinks | bizbatsaqif we sink | sizbatsağızif you all sink | alabatsalaif they sink |
| Conditional | menbatmasamif I don't sink | senbatmasaŋif you don't sink | olbatmasaif he doesn't sink | bizbatmasaqif we don't sink | sizbatmasağızif you all don't sink | alabatmasalaif they don't sink |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menbata esemif I am sinking | senbata eseŋif you are sinking | olbata eseif he is sinking | bizbata esekif we are sinking | sizbata esegizif you all are sinking | alabata eseleif they are sinking |
| Conditional, present real | menbatmay esemif I am not sinking | senbatmay eseŋif you are not sinking | olbatmay eseif he is not sinking | bizbatmay esekif we are not sinking | sizbatmay esegizif you all are not sinking | alabatmay eseleif they are not sinking |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbatsam edibatsam edif only I sank | senbatsaŋ edibatsaŋ edif only you sank | olbatsa edibatsaedif only he sank | bizbatsaq edibatsaq edif only we sank | sizbatsağız edibatsağız edif only you all sank | alabatsala edibatsalaedif only they sank |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbatmasam edibatmasam edif only I didn't sink | senbatmasaŋ edibatmasaŋ edif only you didn't sink | olbatmasa edibatmasaedif only he didn't sink | bizbatmasaq edibatmasaq edif only we didn't sink | sizbatmasağız edibatmasağız edif only you all didn't sink | alabatmasala edibatmasalaedif only they didn't sink |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menbatıb tursamif I carry on sinking | senbatıb tursaŋif you carry on sinking | olbatıb tursaif he carries on sinking | bizbatıb tursaqif we carry on sinking | sizbatıb tursağızif you all carry on sinking | alabatıb tursalaif they carry on sinking |
| Durative conditional | menbatıb turmasamif I don't carry on sinking | senbatıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on sinking | olbatıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on sinking | bizbatıb turmasaqif we don't carry on sinking | sizbatıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on sinking | alabatıb turmasalaif they don't carry on sinking |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menbatıb tura esemif I have kept sinking | senbatıb tura eseŋif you have kept sinking | olbatıb tura eseif he has kept sinking | bizbatıb tura esekif we have kept sinking | sizbatıb tura esegizif you all have kept sinking | alabatıb tura eseleif they have kept sinking |
| Durative conditional, present real | menbatıb turmay esemif I haven't kept sinking | senbatıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept sinking | olbatıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept sinking | bizbatıb turmay esekif we haven't kept sinking | sizbatıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept sinking | alabatıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept sinking |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menbata tursamif I keep sinking | senbata tursaŋif you keep sinking | olbata tursaif he keeps sinking | bizbata tursaqif we keep sinking | sizbata tursağızif you all keep sinking | alabata tursalaif they keep sinking |
| Progressive conditional | menbatmay tursamif I keep on not sinking | senbatmay tursaŋif you keep on not sinking | olbatmay tursaif he keeps on not sinking | bizbatmay tursaqif we keep on not sinking | sizbatmay tursağızif you all keep on not sinking | alabatmay tursalaif they keep on not sinking |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbata tura esemif I am in the middle of sinking | senbata tura eseŋif you are in the middle of sinking | olbata tura eseif he is in the middle of sinking | bizbata tura esekif we are in the middle of sinking | sizbata tura esegizif you all are in the middle of sinking | alabata tura eseleif they are in the middle of sinking |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbatmay tura esemif I keep on not sinking | senbatmay tura eseŋif you keep on not sinking | olbatmay tura eseif he keeps on not sinking | bizbatmay tura esekif we keep on not sinking | sizbatmay tura esegizif you all keep on not sinking | alabatmay tura eseleif they keep on not sinking |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menbatdım esemif I sank | senbatdıŋ eseŋif you sank | olbatdı eseif he sank | bizbatdıq esekif we sank | sizbatdığız esegizif you all sank | alabatdıla eseleif they sank |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menbatmadım esemif I didn't sink | senbatmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't sink | olbatmadı eseif he didn't sink | bizbatmadıq esekif we didn't sink | sizbatmadığız esegizif you all didn't sink | alabatmadıla eseleif they didn't sink |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menbathan esemif I did sink (indeed) | senbathan eseŋif you did sink (indeed) | olbathan eseif he did sink (indeed) | bizbathan esekif we did sink (indeed) | sizbathan esegizif you all did sink (indeed) | alabathan eseleif they did sink (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menbatmağan esemif I didn't sink (indeed) | senbatmağan eseŋif you didn't sink (indeed) | olbatmağan eseif he didn't sink (indeed) | bizbatmağan esekif we didn't sink (indeed) | sizbatmağan esegizif you all didn't sink (indeed) | alabatmağan eseleif they didn't sink (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbathan bolsamif I had sunk | senbathan bolsaŋif you had sunk | olbathan bolsaif he had sunk | bizbathan bolsaqif we had sunk | sizbathan bolsağızif you all had sunk | alabathan bolsalaif they had sunk |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbatmağan bolsamif I hadn't sunk | senbatmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't sunk | olbatmağan bolsaif he hadn't sunk | bizbatmağan bolsaqif we hadn't sunk | sizbatmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't sunk | alabatmağan bolsalaif they hadn't sunk |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbathan bolsam edibathan bolsam edif only I had sunk | senbathan bolsaŋ edibathan bolsaŋ edif only you had sunk | olbathan bolsa edibathan bolsaedif only he had sunk | bizbathan bolsaq edibathan bolsaq edif only we had sunk | sizbathan bolsağız edibathan bolsağız edif only you all had sunk | alabathan bolsala edibathan bolsalaedif only they had sunk |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbatmağan bolsam edibatmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't sunk | senbatmağan bolsaŋ edibatmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't sunk | olbatmağan bolsa edibatmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't sunk | bizbatmağan bolsaq edibatmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't sunk | sizbatmağan bolsağız edibatmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't sunk | alabatmağan bolsala edibatmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't sunk |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menbatar esemif I will sink | senbatar eseŋif you will sink | olbatar eseif he will sink | bizbatar esekif we will sink | sizbatar esegizif you all will sink | alabatar eseleif they will sink |
| Conditional, aorist | menbatmaz esemif I won't sink | senbatmaz eseŋif you won't sink | olbatmaz eseif he won't sink | bizbatmaz esekif we won't sink | sizbatmaz esegizif you all won't sink | alabatmaz eseleif they won't sink |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menbatarıq esemif I am going to sink | senbatarıq eseŋif you are going to sink | olbatarıq eseif he is going to sink | bizbatarıq esekif we are going to sink | sizbatarıq esegizif you all are going to sink | alabatarıq eseleif they are going to sink |
| Conditional, future | menbatarıq tül esemif I am not going to sink | senbatarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to sink | olbatarıq tül eseif he is not going to sink | bizbatarıq tül esekif we are not going to sink | sizbatarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to sink | alabatarıq tül eseleif they are not going to sink |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbatarıq bolsamif I were going to sink | senbatarıq bolsaŋif you were going to sink | olbatarıq bolsaif he were going to sink | bizbatarıq bolsaqif we were going to sink | sizbatarıq bolsağızif you all were going to sink | alabatarıq bolsalaif they were going to sink |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbatmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to sink | senbatmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to sink | olbatmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to sink | bizbatmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to sink | sizbatmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to sink | alabatmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to sink |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso batdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbata bolurmaI must be sinking | senbata bolursayou must be sinking | olbata bolurhe must be sinking | bizbata bolurbuzwe must be sinking | sizbata bolursuzyou all must be sinking | alabata bolurlathey must be sinking |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbatmay bolurmaI must not be sinking | senbatmay bolursayou must not be sinking | olbatmay bolurhe must not be sinking | bizbatmay bolurbuzwe must not be sinking | sizbatmay bolursuzyou all must not be sinking | alabatmay bolurlathey must not be sinking |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbata tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of sinking | senbata tura bolursayou must be in the middle of sinking | olbata tura bolurhe must be in the middle of sinking | bizbata tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of sinking | sizbata tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of sinking | alabata tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of sinking |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbatmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not sinking | senbatmay tura bolursayou must keep on not sinking | olbatmay tura bolurhe must keep on not sinking | bizbatmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not sinking | sizbatmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not sinking | alabatmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not sinking |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menbathan bolurmaI must have sunk | senbathan bolursayou must have sunk | olbathan bolurhe must have sunk | bizbathan bolurbuzwe must have sunk | sizbathan bolursuzyou all must have sunk | alabathan bolurlathey must have sunk |
| Inference (must have) | menbatmağan bolurmaI must not have sunk | senbatmağan bolursayou must not have sunk | olbatmağan bolurhe must not have sunk | bizbatmağan bolurbuzwe must not have sunk | sizbatmağan bolursuzyou all must not have sunk | alabatmağan bolurlathey must not have sunk |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbatarıq bolurmaI must be going to sink | senbatarıq bolursayou must be going to sink | olbatarıq bolurhe must be going to sink | bizbatarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to sink | sizbatarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to sink | alabatarıq bolurlathey must be going to sink |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbatmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to sink | senbatmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to sink | olbatmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to sink | bizbatmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to sink | sizbatmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to sink | alabatmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to sink |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menbatayımlet me sink | senbat!sink! | olbatsınlet him sink | bizbatayıqlet's sink | sizbatığız!sink, you all! | alabatsınlalet them sink |
| Commands & suggestions | menbatmayımlet me not sink | senbatma!don't sink! | olbatmasınlet him not sink | bizbatmayıqlet's not sink | sizbatmağız!don't sink, you all! | alabatmasınlalet them not sink |
| Commands & suggestions | menbatayımmı?shall I sink? | olbatsınmı?should he sink? | bizbatayıqmı?shall we sink? | alabatsınlamı?should they sink? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menbatmayımmı?shall I not sink? | olbatmasınmı?should he not sink? | bizbatmayıqmı?shall we not sink? | alabatmasınlamı?should they not sink? | ||
| Requests | senbatçı2batçınplease sink | olbatsınçıdo let him sink | sizbatçığızplease sink (plural/polite) | alabatsınlaçıdo let them sink | ||
| Requests | senbatmaçı2batmaçınplease don't sink | olbatmasınçıdo let him not sink | sizbatmaçığızplease don't sink (plural/polite) | alabatmasınlaçıdo let them not sink | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbathınbathımay you sink | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbatmağınbatmağımay you not sink | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbathay edim batha edimwould that I sank | senbathay ediŋ batha ediŋwould that you sank | olbathay edi batha ediwould that he sank | bizbathay edik batha edikwould that we sank | sizbathay edigiz batha edigizwould that you all sank | alabathay edile batha edilewould that they sank |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbatmağay edim batmağa edimwould that I did not sink | senbatmağay ediŋ batmağa ediŋwould that you did not sink | olbatmağay edi batmağa ediwould that he did not sink | bizbatmağay edik batmağa edikwould that we did not sink | sizbatmağay edigiz batmağa edigizwould that you all did not sink | alabatmağay edile batmağa edilewould that they did not sink |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbatmağa qoyayımbatma qoyayımlet me allow someone to sink | senbatmağa qoy!batma qoy!let someone sink! | olbatmağa qoysunbatma qoysunlet him allow someone to sink | bizbatmağa qoyayıqbatma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to sink | sizbatmağa qoyuğuz!batma qoyuğuz!let someone sink, you all! | alabatmağa qoysunlabatma qoysunlalet them allow someone to sink |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbatmağa qoymayımbatma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to sink | senbatmağa qoyma!batma qoyma!don't let someone sink! | olbatmağa qoymasınbatma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to sink | bizbatmağa qoymayıqbatma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to sink | sizbatmağa qoymağız!batma qoymağız!don't let someone sink, you all! | alabatmağa qoymasınlabatma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to sink |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbatmağa qoyayımmı?batma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to sink? | olbatmağa qoysunmu?batma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to sink? | bizbatmağa qoyayıqmı?batma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to sink? | alabatmağa qoysunlamı?batma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to sink? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbatmağa qoymayımmı?batma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to sink? | olbatmağa qoymasınmı?batma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to sink? | bizbatmağa qoymayıqmı?batma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to sink? | alabatmağa qoymasınlamı?batma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to sink? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menbatmağa qoyamabatma qoyamaI allow someone to sink | senbatmağa qoyasabatma qoyasayou allow someone to sink | olbatmağa qoyadıbatma qoyadıhe allows someone to sink | bizbatmağa qoyabızbatma qoyabızwe allow someone to sink | sizbatmağa qoyasızbatma qoyasızyou all allow someone to sink | alabatmağa qoyadılabatma qoyadılathey allow someone to sink |
| Let someone… (present) | menbatmağa qoymaymabatma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to sink | senbatmağa qoymaysabatma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to sink | olbatmağa qoymaydıbatma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to sink | bizbatmağa qoymaybızbatma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to sink | sizbatmağa qoymaysızbatma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to sink | alabatmağa qoymaydılabatma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to sink |
| Let someone… (present) | menbatmağa qoyamamı?batma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to sink? | senbatmağa qoyamısa?batma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to sink? | olbatmağa qoyamıdı?batma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to sink? | bizbatmağa qoyabızmı?batma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to sink? | sizbatmağa qoyamısız?batma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to sink? | alabatmağa qoyamıdıla?batma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to sink? |
| Let someone… (present) | menbatmağa qoymaymamı?batma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to sink? | senbatmağa qoymaymısa?batma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to sink? | olbatmağa qoymaymıdı?batma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to sink? | bizbatmağa qoymaybızmı?batma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to sink? | sizbatmağa qoymaymısız?batma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to sink? | alabatmağa qoymaymıdıla?batma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to sink? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbatmağa qoydumbatma qoydumI allowed someone to sink | senbatmağa qoyduŋbatma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to sink | olbatmağa qoydubatma qoyduhe allowed someone to sink | bizbatmağa qoyduqbatma qoyduqwe allowed someone to sink | sizbatmağa qoyduğuzbatma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to sink | alabatmağa qoydulabatma qoydulathey allowed someone to sink |
| Let someone… (past) | menbatmağa qoymadımbatma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to sink | senbatmağa qoymadıŋbatma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to sink | olbatmağa qoymadıbatma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to sink | bizbatmağa qoymadıqbatma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to sink | sizbatmağa qoymadığızbatma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to sink | alabatmağa qoymadılabatma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to sink |
| Let someone… (past) | menbatmağa qoydummu?batma qoydummu?did I allow someone to sink? | senbatmağa qoyduŋmu?batma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to sink? | olbatmağa qoydumu?batma qoydumu?did he allow someone to sink? | bizbatmağa qoyduqmu?batma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to sink? | sizbatmağa qoyduğuzmu?batma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to sink? | alabatmağa qoydulamı?batma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to sink? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbatmağa qoymadımmı?batma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to sink? | senbatmağa qoymadıŋmı?batma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to sink? | olbatmağa qoymadımı?batma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to sink? | bizbatmağa qoymadıqmı?batma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to sink? | sizbatmağa qoymadığızmı?batma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to sink? | alabatmağa qoymadılamı?batma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to sink? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menbatalamaI can sink | senbatalasayou can sink | olbataladıhe can sink | bizbatalabızwe can sink | sizbatalasızyou all can sink | alabataladılathey can sink |
| Ability — present | menbatalmaymaI can't sink | senbatalmaysayou can't sink | olbatalmaydıhe can't sink | bizbatalmaybızwe can't sink | sizbatalmaysızyou all can't sink | alabatalmaydılathey can't sink |
| Ability — present | menbatalamamı? batalamıma?can I sink? | senbatalamısa?can you sink? | olbatalamıdı?can he sink? | bizbatalabızmı? batalamıbız?can we sink? | sizbatalamısız?can you all sink? | alabatalamıdıla?can they sink? |
| Ability — present | menbatalmaymamı? batalmaymıma?can't I sink? | senbatalmaymısa?can't you sink? | olbatalmaymıdı?can't he sink? | bizbatalmaybızmı? batalmaymıbız?can't we sink? | sizbatalmaymısız?can't you all sink? | alabatalmaymıdıla?can't they sink? |
| Ability — if I can… | menbatalsamif I can sink | senbatalsaŋif you can sink | olbatalsaif he can sink | bizbatalsaqif we can sink | sizbatalsağızif you all can sink | alabatalsalaif they can sink |
| Ability — if I can… | menbatalmasamif I can't sink | senbatalmasaŋif you can't sink | olbatalmasaif he can't sink | bizbatalmasaqif we can't sink | sizbatalmasağızif you all can't sink | alabatalmasalaif they can't sink |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menbataldımI was able to sink | senbataldıŋyou were able to sink | olbataldıhe was able to sink | bizbataldıqwe were able to sink | sizbataldığızyou all were able to sink | alabataldılathey were able to sink |
| Ability — simple past | menbatalmadımI could not sink | senbatalmadıŋyou could not sink | olbatalmadıhe could not sink | bizbatalmadıqwe could not sink | sizbatalmadığızyou all could not sink | alabatalmadılathey could not sink |
| Ability — simple past | menbataldımmı?was I able to sink? | senbataldıŋmı?were you able to sink? | olbataldımı?was he able to sink? | bizbataldıqmı?were we able to sink? | sizbataldığızmı?were you all able to sink? | alabataldılamı?were they able to sink? |
| Ability — simple past | menbatalmadımmı?couldn't I sink? | senbatalmadıŋmı?couldn't you sink? | olbatalmadımı?couldn't he sink? | bizbatalmadıqmı?couldn't we sink? | sizbatalmadığızmı?couldn't you all sink? | alabatalmadılamı?couldn't they sink? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbatalğanmaI have been able to sink | senbatalğansayou have been able to sink | olbatalğandıhe has been able to sink | bizbatalğanbızwe have been able to sink | sizbatalğansızyou all have been able to sink | alabatalğandılathey have been able to sink |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbatalmağanmaI haven't been able to sink | senbatalmağansayou haven't been able to sink | olbatalmağandıhe hasn't been able to sink | bizbatalmağanbızwe haven't been able to sink | sizbatalmağansızyou all haven't been able to sink | alabatalmağandılathey haven't been able to sink |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbatalğanmamı? batalğanmıma?have I been able to sink? | senbatalğanmısa?have you been able to sink? | olbatalğanmıdı?has he been able to sink? | bizbatalğanbızmı? batalğanmıbız?have we been able to sink? | sizbatalğanmısız?have you all been able to sink? | alabatalğanmıdıla?have they been able to sink? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbatalmağanmamı? batalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to sink? | senbatalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to sink? | olbatalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to sink? | bizbatalmağanbızmı? batalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to sink? | sizbatalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to sink? | alabatalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to sink? |
| Ability — past perfect | menbatalğan edimbatalğanemI had been able to sink | senbatalğan ediŋbatalğaneŋyou had been able to sink | olbatalğan edibatalğanedhe had been able to sink | bizbatalğan edikbatalğanekwe had been able to sink | sizbatalğan edigizbatalğanegizyou all had been able to sink | alabatalğan edilebatalğanellethey had been able to sink |
| Ability — past perfect | menbatalmağan edimbatalmağanemI hadn't been able to sink | senbatalmağan ediŋbatalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to sink | olbatalmağan edibatalmağanedhe hadn't been able to sink | bizbatalmağan edikbatalmağanekwe hadn't been able to sink | sizbatalmağan edigizbatalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to sink | alabatalmağan edilebatalmağanellethey hadn't been able to sink |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menbatala edimbatalaemI could sink | senbatala ediŋbatalaeŋyou could sink | olbatala edibatalaedhe could sink | bizbatala edikbatalaekwe could sink | sizbatala edigizbatalaegizyou all could sink | alabatala edilebatalaellethey could sink |
| Ability — past background | menbatalmay edimbatalmayemI could not sink | senbatalmay ediŋbatalmayeŋyou could not sink | olbatalmay edibatalmayedhe could not sink | bizbatalmay edikbatalmayekwe could not sink | sizbatalmay edigizbatalmayegizyou all could not sink | alabatalmay edilebatalmayellethey could not sink |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menbatalırmaI will be able to sink | senbatalırsayou will be able to sink | olbatalırhe will be able to sink | bizbatalırbızwe will be able to sink | sizbatalırsızyou all will be able to sink | alabatalırlathey will be able to sink |
| Ability — future I | menbatalmazmaI won't be able to sink | senbatalmazsayou won't be able to sink | olbatalmazhe won't be able to sink | bizbatalmazbızwe won't be able to sink | sizbatalmazsızyou all won't be able to sink | alabatalmazlathey won't be able to sink |
| Ability — future I | menbatalırmamı? batalırmıma?will I be able to sink? | senbatalırmısa?will you be able to sink? | olbatalırmı?will he be able to sink? | bizbatalırbızmı? batalırmıbız?will we be able to sink? | sizbatalırmısız?will you all be able to sink? | alabatalırlamı? batalırmıla?will they be able to sink? |
| Ability — future I | menbatalmazmamı? batalmazmıma?won't I be able to sink? | senbatalmazmısa?won't you be able to sink? | olbatalmazmı?won't he be able to sink? | bizbatalmazbızmı? batalmazmıbız?won't we be able to sink? | sizbatalmazmısız?won't you all be able to sink? | alabatalmazlamı? batalmazmıla?won't they be able to sink? |
| Ability — future II | menbatallıqmaI am going to be able to sink | senbatallıqsayou are going to be able to sink | olbatallıqdıhe is going to be able to sink | bizbatallıqbızwe are going to be able to sink | sizbatallıqsızyou all are going to be able to sink | alabatallıqdılathey are going to be able to sink |
| Ability — future II | menbatallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to sink | senbatallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to sink | olbatallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to sink | bizbatallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to sink | sizbatallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to sink | alabatallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to sink |
| Ability — future II | menbatallıqmamı? batallıqmıma?am I going to be able to sink? | senbatallıqmısa?are you going to be able to sink? | olbatallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to sink? | bizbatallıqbızmı? batallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to sink? | sizbatallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to sink? | alabatallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to sink? |
| Ability — future II | menbatallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to sink? | senbatallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to sink? | olbatallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to sink? | bizbatallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to sink? | sizbatallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to sink? | alabatallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to sink? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menbatalır edimbatalır emI would be able to sink | senbatalır ediŋbatalır eŋyou would be able to sink | olbatalır edibatalır edhe would be able to sink | bizbatalır edikbatalır ekwe would be able to sink | sizbatalır edigizbatalır egizyou all would be able to sink | alabatalır edilebatalır ellethey would be able to sink |
| Ability — would be able to… | menbatalmaz edimbatalmaz emI wouldn't be able to sink | senbatalmaz ediŋbatalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to sink | olbatalmaz edibatalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to sink | bizbatalmaz edikbatalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to sink | sizbatalmaz edigizbatalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to sink | alabatalmaz edilebatalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to sink |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senbatalğınbatalğımay you be able to sink | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senbatalmağınbatalmağımay you not be able to sink | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menbatarğa izleymeI want to sink | senbatarğa izleyseyou want to sink | olbatarğa izleydihe wants to sink | bizbatarğa izleybizwe want to sink | sizbatarğa izleysizyou all want to sink | alabatarğa izleydilethey want to sink |
| want to | menbatarğa izlemeymeI do not want to sink | senbatarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to sink | olbatarğa izlemeydihe does not want to sink | bizbatarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to sink | sizbatarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to sink | alabatarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to sink |
| would like to | menbatarğa süemeI would like to sink | senbatarğa süeseyou would like to sink | olbatarğa süedihe would like to sink | bizbatarğa süebizwe would like to sink | sizbatarğa süesizyou all would like to sink | alabatarğa süedilethey would like to sink |
| would like to | menbatarğa süymeymeI would not like to sink | senbatarğa süymeyseyou would not like to sink | olbatarğa süymeydihe would not like to sink | bizbatarğa süymeybizwe would not like to sink | sizbatarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to sink | alabatarğa süymeydilethey would not like to sink |
| hope to | menbatarğa umutlanamaI hope to sink | senbatarğa umutlanasayou hope to sink | olbatarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to sink | bizbatarğa umutlanabızwe hope to sink | sizbatarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to sink | alabatarğa umutlanadılathey hope to sink |
| hope to | menbatarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to sink | senbatarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to sink | olbatarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to sink | bizbatarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to sink | sizbatarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to sink | alabatarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to sink |
| be about to | menbatarğa deb turamaI am about to sink | senbatarğa deb turasayou are about to sink | olbatarğa deb turadıhe is about to sink | bizbatarğa deb turabızwe are about to sink | sizbatarğa deb turasızyou all are about to sink | alabatarğa deb turadılathey are about to sink |
| be about to | menbatarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to sink | senbatarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to sink | olbatarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to sink | bizbatarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to sink | sizbatarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to sink | alabatarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to sink |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menbatarğa kerekmeI need to sink | senbatarğa kerekseyou need to sink | olbatarğa kerekdihe needs to sink | bizbatarğa kerekbizwe need to sink | sizbatarğa kereksizyou all need to sink | alabatarğa kerekdilethey need to sink |
| need to | menbatarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to sink | senbatarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to sink | olbatarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to sink | bizbatarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to sink | sizbatarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to sink | alabatarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to sink |
| have to | menmenŋe batarğa tüşediI have to sink | sensenŋe batarğa tüşediyou have to sink | olaŋa batarğa tüşedihe has to sink | bizbizge batarğa tüşediwe have to sink | sizsizge batarğa tüşediyou all have to sink | alaalağa batarğa tüşedithey have to sink |
| have to | menmenŋe batarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to sink | sensenŋe batarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to sink | olaŋa batarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to sink | bizbizge batarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to sink | sizsizge batarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to sink | alaalağa batarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to sink |
| be obliged to | menbatarğa borçlumaI am obliged to sink | senbatarğa borçlusayou are obliged to sink | olbatarğa borçluduhe is obliged to sink | bizbatarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to sink | sizbatarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to sink | alabatarğa borçludulathey are obliged to sink |
| be obliged to | menbatarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to sink | senbatarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to sink | olbatarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to sink | bizbatarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to sink | sizbatarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to sink | alabatarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to sink |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menbatarğa madarım bardıI have a way to sink | senbatarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to sink | olbatarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to sink | bizbatarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to sink | sizbatarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to sink | alabatarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to sink |
| have a way to | menbatarğa madarım joqduI have no way to sink | senbatarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to sink | olbatarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to sink | bizbatarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to sink | sizbatarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to sink | alabatarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to sink |
| be free to | menbatarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to sink | senbatarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to sink | olbatarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to sink | bizbatarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to sink | sizbatarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to sink | alabatarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to sink |
| be free to | menbatarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to sink | senbatarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to sink | olbatarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to sink | bizbatarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to sink | sizbatarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to sink | alabatarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to sink |
| be possible to | menmenŋe batarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to sink | sensenŋe batarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to sink | olaŋa batarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to sink | bizbizge batarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to sink | sizsizge batarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to sink | alaalağa batarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to sink |
| be possible to | menmenŋe batarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to sink | sensenŋe batarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to sink | olaŋa batarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to sink | bizbizge batarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to sink | sizsizge batarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to sink | alaalağa batarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to sink |
| be ready to | menbatarğa hazırmaI am ready to sink | senbatarğa hazırsayou are ready to sink | olbatarğa hazırdıhe is ready to sink | bizbatarğa hazırbızwe are ready to sink | sizbatarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to sink | alabatarğa hazırdılathey are ready to sink |
| be ready to | menbatarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to sink | senbatarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to sink | olbatarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to sink | bizbatarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to sink | sizbatarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to sink | alabatarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to sink |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menbatarğa küreşemeI am trying to sink | senbatarğa küreşeseyou are trying to sink | olbatarğa küreşedihe is trying to sink | bizbatarğa küreşebizwe are trying to sink | sizbatarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to sink | alabatarğa küreşedilethey are trying to sink |
| try to | menbatarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to sink | senbatarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to sink | olbatarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to sink | bizbatarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to sink | sizbatarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to sink | alabatarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to sink |
| agree to | menbatarğa unaymaI agree to sink | senbatarğa unaysayou agree to sink | olbatarğa unaydıhe agrees to sink | bizbatarğa unaybızwe agree to sink | sizbatarğa unaysızyou all agree to sink | alabatarğa unaydılathey agree to sink |
| agree to | menbatarğa unamaymaI refuse to sink | senbatarğa unamaysayou refuse to sink | olbatarğa unamaydıhe refuses to sink | bizbatarğa unamaybızwe refuse to sink | sizbatarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to sink | alabatarğa unamaydılathey refuse to sink |
| hurry to | menbatarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to sink | senbatarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to sink | olbatarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to sink | bizbatarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to sink | sizbatarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to sink | alabatarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to sink |
| hurry to | menbatarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to sink | senbatarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to sink | olbatarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to sink | bizbatarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to sink | sizbatarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to sink | alabatarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to sink |
| be afraid to | menbatarğa qorqamaI am afraid to sink | senbatarğa qorqasayou are afraid to sink | olbatarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to sink | bizbatarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to sink | sizbatarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to sink | alabatarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to sink |
| be afraid to | menbatarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to sink | senbatarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to sink | olbatarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to sink | bizbatarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to sink | sizbatarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to sink | alabatarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to sink |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menbata bolmazmaI can't be sinking | senbata bolmazsayou can't be sinking | olbata bolmazhe can't be sinking | bizbata bolmazbızwe can't be sinking | sizbata bolmazsızyou all can't be sinking | alabata bolmazlathey can't be sinking |
| Inference, present — double negation | menbatmay bolmazmaI must be sinking (emphatic) | senbatmay bolmazsayou must be sinking (emphatic) | olbatmay bolmazhe must be sinking (emphatic) | bizbatmay bolmazbızwe must be sinking (emphatic) | sizbatmay bolmazsızyou all must be sinking (emphatic) | alabatmay bolmazlathey must be sinking (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menbata turmasamif I don't keep sinking | senbata turmasaŋif you don't keep sinking | olbata turmasaif he doesn't keep sinking | bizbata turmasaqif we don't keep sinking | sizbata turmasağızif you all don't keep sinking | alabata turmasalaif they don't keep sinking |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menbata tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of sinking | senbata tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of sinking | olbata tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of sinking | bizbata tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of sinking | sizbata tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of sinking | alabata tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of sinking |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menbatmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not sinking (emphatic) | senbatmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not sinking (emphatic) | olbatmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not sinking (emphatic) | bizbatmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not sinking (emphatic) | sizbatmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not sinking (emphatic) | alabatmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not sinking (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menbatmay turamaI keep on not sinking | senbatmay turasayou keep on not sinking | olbatmay turadıhe keeps on not sinking | bizbatmay turabızwe keep on not sinking | sizbatmay turasızyou all keep on not sinking | alabatmay turadılathey keep on not sinking |
| Progressive — double negation | menbatmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not sinking | senbatmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not sinking | olbatmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not sinking | bizbatmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not sinking | sizbatmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not sinking | alabatmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not sinking |
| Progressive — double negation | menbatmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not sinking? | senbatmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not sinking? | olbatmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not sinking? | bizbatmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not sinking? | sizbatmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not sinking? | alabatmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not sinking? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menbathan bolmazmaI can't have sunk | senbathan bolmazsayou can't have sunk | olbathan bolmazhe can't have sunk | bizbathan bolmazbızwe can't have sunk | sizbathan bolmazsızyou all can't have sunk | alabathan bolmazlathey can't have sunk |
| Inference — double negation | menbatmağan bolmazmaI must have sunk (emphatic) | senbatmağan bolmazsayou must have sunk (emphatic) | olbatmağan bolmazhe must have sunk (emphatic) | bizbatmağan bolmazbızwe must have sunk (emphatic) | sizbatmağan bolmazsızyou all must have sunk (emphatic) | alabatmağan bolmazlathey must have sunk (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menbathan bolmasamif it weren't that I had sunk | senbathan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had sunk | olbathan bolmasaif it weren't that he had sunk | bizbathan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had sunk | sizbathan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had sunk | alabathan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had sunk |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menbatmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't sunk | senbatmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't sunk | olbatmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't sunk | bizbatmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't sunk | sizbatmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't sunk | alabatmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't sunk |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menbatarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to sink | senbatarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to sink | olbatarıq bolmazhe can't be going to sink | bizbatarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to sink | sizbatarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to sink | alabatarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to sink |
| Inference, future — double negation | menbatmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to sink (emphatic) | senbatmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to sink (emphatic) | olbatmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to sink (emphatic) | bizbatmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to sink (emphatic) | sizbatmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to sink (emphatic) | alabatmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to sink (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menbatarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to sink | senbatarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to sink | olbatarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to sink | bizbatarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to sink | sizbatarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to sink | alabatarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to sink |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menbatmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to sink | senbatmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to sink | olbatmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to sink | bizbatmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to sink | sizbatmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to sink | alabatmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to sink |