ağarğa
/aʁarʁa/
1. flow, run, pour, stream out
- başından suw ağadı — water is pouring from above
- krandan suw az ağadı — the water runs poorly from the tap
- közlerinden jılamuq ağadı — tears are flowing from his eyes
- çelekden ayran ağıb ketgendi — the ayran has run out of the pail
2. leak, spring a leak
- üynü başı ağadı — the roof of the house leaks
- kran ağadı — the tap is leaking
- çelek ağadı — the pail leaks
- böçke aqğan etedi — the barrel leaks
3. fall, drop off, shed (of leaves, fruit, hair)
- çapıraqla ağadıla — the leaves are falling
- almala ağıb qalğandıla — the apples have all fallen
- çaçım ağıb baradı — my hair is falling out
4. flow into, empty into — Used of a river running into a sea or a lake. one source
- bu suw kölge ağadı — this river empties into the lake
- suwla teŋizge ağadıla — the waters flow into the sea
- Qoban teŋizge ağadı — the Kuban flows into the sea
5. come down, descend — Used of coming down from the mountains. one source
- tawdan ağarğa — to come down from the mountain
- qoyla tawdan ağadıla — the sheep are coming down from the mountain
- biz tawladan aqdıq — we came down from the mountains
6. pass, go by (of time) one source
- köb künle aqdıla — many days passed
- jılla ağadıla — the years go by
- zaman terk ağadı — time passes quickly
7. be sifted out, be weeded out — Said of people dropped from a group after a test or trial.
- qarıwsuzla aqdıla — the weak ones were sifted out
- köble sınawda aqğandıla — many were weeded out at the test
- men sınawda aqdım — I was weeded out at the test
Expressions
- zıqısı ağarğa — weaken from fear
Conjugation
Common forms
- ağadıhe is flowing
- aqdıhe flowed
- aqğandıhe has flowed
- ağarhe will flow
- ağarıqdıhe is going to flow
- ağa edihe was flowing
- aqsaif he flows
- aq!flow!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menağamaI am flowing | senağasayou are flowing | olağadıhe is flowing | bizağabızwe are flowing | sizağasızyou all are flowing | alaağadılathey are flowing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menaqmaymaI am not flowing | senaqmaysayou are not flowing | olaqmaydıhe is not flowing | bizaqmaybızwe are not flowing | sizaqmaysızyou all are not flowing | alaaqmaydılathey are not flowing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menağamamı? ağamıma?am I flowing? | senağamısa?are you flowing? | olağamıdı?is he flowing? | bizağabızmı? ağamıbız?are we flowing? | sizağamısız?are you all flowing? | alaağamıdıla?are they flowing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menaqmaymamı? aqmaymıma?aren't I flowing? | senaqmaymısa?aren't you flowing? | olaqmaymıdı?isn't he flowing? | bizaqmaybızmı? aqmaymıbız?aren't we flowing? | sizaqmaymısız?aren't you all flowing? | alaaqmaymıdıla?aren't they flowing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menağıwçanmaI usually flow | senağıwçansayou usually flow | olağıwçandıhe usually flows | bizağıwçanbızwe usually flow | sizağıwçansızyou all usually flow | alaağıwçandılathey usually flow |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menaqmawçanmaI usually don't flow | senaqmawçansayou usually don't flow | olaqmawçandıhe usually doesn't flow | bizaqmawçanbızwe usually don't flow | sizaqmawçansızyou all usually don't flow | alaaqmawçandılathey usually don't flow |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menağıwçanmamı? ağıwçanmıma?do I usually flow? | senağıwçanmısa?do you usually flow? | olağıwçanmıdı?does he usually flow? | bizağıwçanbızmı? ağıwçanmıbız?do we usually flow? | sizağıwçanmısız?do you all usually flow? | alaağıwçanmıdıla?do they usually flow? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menaqmawçanmamı? aqmawçanmıma?do I usually not flow? | senaqmawçanmısa?do you usually not flow? | olaqmawçanmıdı?does he usually not flow? | bizaqmawçanbızmı? aqmawçanmıbız?do we usually not flow? | sizaqmawçanmısız?do you all usually not flow? | alaaqmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not flow? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olağıbdıhe has flowed and remains so | alaağıbdılathey have flowed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olağıbmıdı?has he flowed? | alaağıbmıdıla?have they flowed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menağıb turamaI keep flowing | senağıb turasayou keep flowing | olağıb turadıhe keeps flowing | bizağıb turabızwe keep flowing | sizağıb turasızyou all keep flowing | alaağıb turadılathey keep flowing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menağıb turmaymaI don't keep flowing | senağıb turmaysayou don't keep flowing | olağıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep flowing | bizağıb turmaybızwe don't keep flowing | sizağıb turmaysızyou all don't keep flowing | alaağıb turmaydılathey don't keep flowing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menağıb turamamı? ağıb turamıma?do I keep flowing? | senağıb turamısa?do you keep flowing? | olağıb turamıdı?does he keep flowing? | bizağıb turabızmı? ağıb turamıbız?do we keep flowing? | sizağıb turamısız?do you all keep flowing? | alaağıb turamıdıla?do they keep flowing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menağıb turmaymamı? ağıb turmaymıma?don't I keep flowing? | senağıb turmaymısa?don't you keep flowing? | olağıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep flowing? | bizağıb turmaybızmı? ağıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep flowing? | sizağıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep flowing? | alaağıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep flowing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menağa turamaI am in the middle of flowing | senağa turasayou are in the middle of flowing | olağa turadıhe is in the middle of flowing | bizağa turabızwe are in the middle of flowing | sizağa turasızyou all are in the middle of flowing | alaağa turadılathey are in the middle of flowing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menağa turmaymaI am not in the middle of flowing | senağa turmaysayou are not in the middle of flowing | olağa turmaydıhe is not in the middle of flowing | bizağa turmaybızwe are not in the middle of flowing | sizağa turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of flowing | alaağa turmaydılathey are not in the middle of flowing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menağa turamamı? ağa turamıma?am I in the middle of flowing? | senağa turamısa?are you in the middle of flowing? | olağa turamıdı?is he in the middle of flowing? | bizağa turabızmı? ağa turamıbız?are we in the middle of flowing? | sizağa turamısız?are you all in the middle of flowing? | alaağa turamıdıla?are they in the middle of flowing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menağa turmaymamı? ağa turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of flowing? | senağa turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of flowing? | olağa turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of flowing? | bizağa turmaybızmı? ağa turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of flowing? | sizağa turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of flowing? | alaağa turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of flowing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menaqdımI flowed | senaqdıŋyou flowed | olaqdıhe flowed | bizaqdıqwe flowed | sizaqdığızyou all flowed | alaaqdılathey flowed |
| Simple past (definite) | menaqmadımI didn't flow | senaqmadıŋyou didn't flow | olaqmadıhe didn't flow | bizaqmadıqwe didn't flow | sizaqmadığızyou all didn't flow | alaaqmadılathey didn't flow |
| Simple past (definite) | menaqdımmı?did I flow? | senaqdıŋmı?did you flow? | olaqdımı?did he flow? | bizaqdıqmı?did we flow? | sizaqdığızmı?did you all flow? | alaaqdılamı?did they flow? |
| Simple past (definite) | menaqmadımmı?didn't I flow? | senaqmadıŋmı?didn't you flow? | olaqmadımı?didn't he flow? | bizaqmadıqmı?didn't we flow? | sizaqmadığızmı?didn't you all flow? | alaaqmadılamı?didn't they flow? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menaqğanmaI have flowed | senaqğansayou have flowed | olaqğandıhe has flowed | bizaqğanbızwe have flowed | sizaqğansızyou all have flowed | alaaqğandılathey have flowed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menaqmağanmaI haven't flowed | senaqmağansayou haven't flowed | olaqmağandıhe hasn't flowed | bizaqmağanbızwe haven't flowed | sizaqmağansızyou all haven't flowed | alaaqmağandılathey haven't flowed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menaqğanmamı? aqğanmıma?have I flowed? | senaqğanmısa?have you flowed? | olaqğanmıdı?has he flowed? | bizaqğanbızmı? aqğanmıbız?have we flowed? | sizaqğanmısız?have you all flowed? | alaaqğanmıdıla?have they flowed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menaqmağanmamı? aqmağanmıma?haven't I flowed? | senaqmağanmısa?haven't you flowed? | olaqmağanmıdı?hasn't he flowed? | bizaqmağanbızmı? aqmağanmıbız?haven't we flowed? | sizaqmağanmısız?haven't you all flowed? | alaaqmağanmıdıla?haven't they flowed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menağıb turdumI kept flowing | senağıb turduŋyou kept flowing | olağıb turduhe kept flowing | bizağıb turduqwe kept flowing | sizağıb turduğuzyou all kept flowing | alaağıb turdulathey kept flowing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menağıb turmadımI didn't keep flowing | senağıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep flowing | olağıb turmadıhe didn't keep flowing | bizağıb turmadıqwe didn't keep flowing | sizağıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep flowing | alaağıb turmadılathey didn't keep flowing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menağarmaI will flow | senağarsayou will flow | olağarhe will flow | bizağarbızwe will flow | sizağarsızyou all will flow | alaağarlathey will flow |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menaqmazmaI won't flow | senaqmazsayou won't flow | olaqmazhe won't flow | bizaqmazbızwe won't flow | sizaqmazsızyou all won't flow | alaaqmazlathey won't flow |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menağarmamı? ağarmıma?will I flow? | senağarmısa?will you flow? | olağarmı?will he flow? | bizağarbızmı? ağarmıbız?will we flow? | sizağarmısız?will you all flow? | alaağarlamı? ağarmıla?will they flow? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menaqmazmamı? aqmazmıma?won't I flow? | senaqmazmısa?won't you flow? | olaqmazmı?won't he flow? | bizaqmazbızmı? aqmazmıbız?won't we flow? | sizaqmazmısız?won't you all flow? | alaaqmazlamı? aqmazmıla?won't they flow? |
| Definite future (future II) | menağarıqmaI am going to flow | senağarıqsayou are going to flow | olağarıqdıhe is going to flow | bizağarıqbızwe are going to flow | sizağarıqsızyou all are going to flow | alaağarıqdılathey are going to flow |
| Definite future (future II) | menağarıq tülmeI am not going to flow | senağarıq tülseyou are not going to flow | olağarıq tüldühe is not going to flow | bizağarıq tülbüzwe are not going to flow | sizağarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to flow | alaağarıq tüldülethey are not going to flow |
| Definite future (future II) | menağarıqmamı? ağarıqmıma?am I going to flow? | senağarıqmısa?are you going to flow? | olağarıqmıdı?is he going to flow? | bizağarıqbızmı? ağarıqmıbız?are we going to flow? | sizağarıqmısız?are you all going to flow? | alaağarıqmıdıla?are they going to flow? |
| Definite future (future II) | menağarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to flow? | senağarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to flow? | olağarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to flow? | bizağarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to flow? | sizağarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to flow? | alaağarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to flow? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menaqğan edimaqğanemI had flowed | senaqğan ediŋaqğaneŋyou had flowed | olaqğan ediaqğanedhe had flowed | bizaqğan edikaqğanekwe had flowed | sizaqğan edigizaqğanegizyou all had flowed | alaaqğan edileaqğanellethey had flowed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menaqmağan edimaqmağanemI hadn't flowed | senaqmağan ediŋaqmağaneŋyou hadn't flowed | olaqmağan ediaqmağanedhe hadn't flowed | bizaqmağan edikaqmağanekwe hadn't flowed | sizaqmağan edigizaqmağanegizyou all hadn't flowed | alaaqmağan edileaqmağanellethey hadn't flowed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menağa edimağaemI was flowing | senağa ediŋağaeŋyou were flowing | olağa ediağaedhe was flowing | bizağa edikağaekwe were flowing | sizağa edigizağaegizyou all were flowing | alaağa edileağaellethey were flowing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menaqmay edimaqmayemI wasn't flowing | senaqmay ediŋaqmayeŋyou weren't flowing | olaqmay ediaqmayedhe wasn't flowing | bizaqmay edikaqmayekwe weren't flowing | sizaqmay edigizaqmayegizyou all weren't flowing | alaaqmay edileaqmayellethey weren't flowing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menağıwçan edimağıwçanemI used to flow | senağıwçan ediŋağıwçaneŋyou used to flow | olağıwçan ediağıwçanedhe used to flow | bizağıwçan edikağıwçanekwe used to flow | sizağıwçan edigizağıwçanegizyou all used to flow | alaağıwçan edileağıwçanellethey used to flow |
| Habitual past (used to) | menaqmawçan edimaqmawçanemI didn't use to flow | senaqmawçan ediŋaqmawçaneŋyou didn't use to flow | olaqmawçan ediaqmawçanedhe didn't use to flow | bizaqmawçan edikaqmawçanekwe didn't use to flow | sizaqmawçan edigizaqmawçanegizyou all didn't use to flow | alaaqmawçan edileaqmawçanellethey didn't use to flow |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olağıb edihe had flowed and remained so | alaağıb edilethey had flowed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olağıb tül edihe hadn't flowed | alaağıb tül edilethey hadn't flowed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menağıb tura edimağıb turaemI had kept flowing | senağıb tura ediŋağıb turaeŋyou had kept flowing | olağıb tura ediağıb turaedhe had kept flowing | bizağıb tura edikağıb turaekwe had kept flowing | sizağıb tura edigizağıb turaegizyou all had kept flowing | alaağıb tura edileağıb turaellethey had kept flowing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menağıb turmay edimağıb turmayemI hadn't kept flowing | senağıb turmay ediŋağıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept flowing | olağıb turmay ediağıb turmayedhe hadn't kept flowing | bizağıb turmay edikağıb turmayekwe hadn't kept flowing | sizağıb turmay edigizağıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept flowing | alaağıb turmay edileağıb turmayellethey hadn't kept flowing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menağa tura edimağa turaemI was in the middle of flowing | senağa tura ediŋağa turaeŋyou were in the middle of flowing | olağa tura ediağa turaedhe was in the middle of flowing | bizağa tura edikağa turaekwe were in the middle of flowing | sizağa tura edigizağa turaegizyou all were in the middle of flowing | alaağa tura edileağa turaellethey were in the middle of flowing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menağa turmay edimağa turmayemI wasn't in the middle of flowing | senağa turmay ediŋağa turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of flowing | olağa turmay ediağa turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of flowing | bizağa turmay edikağa turmayekwe weren't in the middle of flowing | sizağa turmay edigizağa turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of flowing | alaağa turmay edileağa turmayellethey weren't in the middle of flowing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menağar edimağar emI would flow | senağar ediŋağar eŋyou would flow | olağar ediağar edhe would flow | bizağar edikağar ekwe would flow | sizağar edigizağar egizyou all would flow | alaağar edileağar ellethey would flow |
| Conditional result (would) | menaqmaz edimaqmaz emI wouldn't flow | senaqmaz ediŋaqmaz eŋyou wouldn't flow | olaqmaz ediaqmaz edhe wouldn't flow | bizaqmaz edikaqmaz ekwe wouldn't flow | sizaqmaz edigizaqmaz egizyou all wouldn't flow | alaaqmaz edileaqmaz ellethey wouldn't flow |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menağarıq edimağarıq emI would have flowed | senağarıq ediŋağarıq eŋyou would have flowed | olağarıq ediağarıq edhe would have flowed | bizağarıq edikağarıq ekwe would have flowed | sizağarıq edigizağarıq egizyou all would have flowed | alaağarıq edileağarıq ellethey would have flowed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menağarıq tül edimağarıq tül emI wouldn't have flowed | senağarıq tül ediŋağarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have flowed | olağarıq tül ediağarıq tül edhe wouldn't have flowed | bizağarıq tül edikağarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have flowed | sizağarıq tül edigizağarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have flowed | alaağarıq tül edileağarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have flowed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menaqsamif I flow | senaqsaŋif you flow | olaqsaif he flows | bizaqsaqif we flow | sizaqsağızif you all flow | alaaqsalaif they flow |
| Conditional | menaqmasamif I don't flow | senaqmasaŋif you don't flow | olaqmasaif he doesn't flow | bizaqmasaqif we don't flow | sizaqmasağızif you all don't flow | alaaqmasalaif they don't flow |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menağa esemif I am flowing | senağa eseŋif you are flowing | olağa eseif he is flowing | bizağa esekif we are flowing | sizağa esegizif you all are flowing | alaağa eseleif they are flowing |
| Conditional, present real | menaqmay esemif I am not flowing | senaqmay eseŋif you are not flowing | olaqmay eseif he is not flowing | bizaqmay esekif we are not flowing | sizaqmay esegizif you all are not flowing | alaaqmay eseleif they are not flowing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menaqsam ediaqsam edif only I flowed | senaqsaŋ ediaqsaŋ edif only you flowed | olaqsa ediaqsaedif only he flowed | bizaqsaq ediaqsaq edif only we flowed | sizaqsağız ediaqsağız edif only you all flowed | alaaqsala ediaqsalaedif only they flowed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menaqmasam ediaqmasam edif only I didn't flow | senaqmasaŋ ediaqmasaŋ edif only you didn't flow | olaqmasa ediaqmasaedif only he didn't flow | bizaqmasaq ediaqmasaq edif only we didn't flow | sizaqmasağız ediaqmasağız edif only you all didn't flow | alaaqmasala ediaqmasalaedif only they didn't flow |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menağıb tursamif I carry on flowing | senağıb tursaŋif you carry on flowing | olağıb tursaif he carries on flowing | bizağıb tursaqif we carry on flowing | sizağıb tursağızif you all carry on flowing | alaağıb tursalaif they carry on flowing |
| Durative conditional | menağıb turmasamif I don't carry on flowing | senağıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on flowing | olağıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on flowing | bizağıb turmasaqif we don't carry on flowing | sizağıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on flowing | alaağıb turmasalaif they don't carry on flowing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menağıb tura esemif I have kept flowing | senağıb tura eseŋif you have kept flowing | olağıb tura eseif he has kept flowing | bizağıb tura esekif we have kept flowing | sizağıb tura esegizif you all have kept flowing | alaağıb tura eseleif they have kept flowing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menağıb turmay esemif I haven't kept flowing | senağıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept flowing | olağıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept flowing | bizağıb turmay esekif we haven't kept flowing | sizağıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept flowing | alaağıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept flowing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menağa tursamif I keep flowing | senağa tursaŋif you keep flowing | olağa tursaif he keeps flowing | bizağa tursaqif we keep flowing | sizağa tursağızif you all keep flowing | alaağa tursalaif they keep flowing |
| Progressive conditional | menaqmay tursamif I keep on not flowing | senaqmay tursaŋif you keep on not flowing | olaqmay tursaif he keeps on not flowing | bizaqmay tursaqif we keep on not flowing | sizaqmay tursağızif you all keep on not flowing | alaaqmay tursalaif they keep on not flowing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menağa tura esemif I am in the middle of flowing | senağa tura eseŋif you are in the middle of flowing | olağa tura eseif he is in the middle of flowing | bizağa tura esekif we are in the middle of flowing | sizağa tura esegizif you all are in the middle of flowing | alaağa tura eseleif they are in the middle of flowing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menaqmay tura esemif I keep on not flowing | senaqmay tura eseŋif you keep on not flowing | olaqmay tura eseif he keeps on not flowing | bizaqmay tura esekif we keep on not flowing | sizaqmay tura esegizif you all keep on not flowing | alaaqmay tura eseleif they keep on not flowing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menaqdım esemif I flowed | senaqdıŋ eseŋif you flowed | olaqdı eseif he flowed | bizaqdıq esekif we flowed | sizaqdığız esegizif you all flowed | alaaqdıla eseleif they flowed |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menaqmadım esemif I didn't flow | senaqmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't flow | olaqmadı eseif he didn't flow | bizaqmadıq esekif we didn't flow | sizaqmadığız esegizif you all didn't flow | alaaqmadıla eseleif they didn't flow |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menaqğan esemif I did flow (indeed) | senaqğan eseŋif you did flow (indeed) | olaqğan eseif he did flow (indeed) | bizaqğan esekif we did flow (indeed) | sizaqğan esegizif you all did flow (indeed) | alaaqğan eseleif they did flow (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menaqmağan esemif I didn't flow (indeed) | senaqmağan eseŋif you didn't flow (indeed) | olaqmağan eseif he didn't flow (indeed) | bizaqmağan esekif we didn't flow (indeed) | sizaqmağan esegizif you all didn't flow (indeed) | alaaqmağan eseleif they didn't flow (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menaqğan bolsamif I had flowed | senaqğan bolsaŋif you had flowed | olaqğan bolsaif he had flowed | bizaqğan bolsaqif we had flowed | sizaqğan bolsağızif you all had flowed | alaaqğan bolsalaif they had flowed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menaqmağan bolsamif I hadn't flowed | senaqmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't flowed | olaqmağan bolsaif he hadn't flowed | bizaqmağan bolsaqif we hadn't flowed | sizaqmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't flowed | alaaqmağan bolsalaif they hadn't flowed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menaqğan bolsam ediaqğan bolsam edif only I had flowed | senaqğan bolsaŋ ediaqğan bolsaŋ edif only you had flowed | olaqğan bolsa ediaqğan bolsaedif only he had flowed | bizaqğan bolsaq ediaqğan bolsaq edif only we had flowed | sizaqğan bolsağız ediaqğan bolsağız edif only you all had flowed | alaaqğan bolsala ediaqğan bolsalaedif only they had flowed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menaqmağan bolsam ediaqmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't flowed | senaqmağan bolsaŋ ediaqmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't flowed | olaqmağan bolsa ediaqmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't flowed | bizaqmağan bolsaq ediaqmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't flowed | sizaqmağan bolsağız ediaqmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't flowed | alaaqmağan bolsala ediaqmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't flowed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menağar esemif I will flow | senağar eseŋif you will flow | olağar eseif he will flow | bizağar esekif we will flow | sizağar esegizif you all will flow | alaağar eseleif they will flow |
| Conditional, aorist | menaqmaz esemif I won't flow | senaqmaz eseŋif you won't flow | olaqmaz eseif he won't flow | bizaqmaz esekif we won't flow | sizaqmaz esegizif you all won't flow | alaaqmaz eseleif they won't flow |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menağarıq esemif I am going to flow | senağarıq eseŋif you are going to flow | olağarıq eseif he is going to flow | bizağarıq esekif we are going to flow | sizağarıq esegizif you all are going to flow | alaağarıq eseleif they are going to flow |
| Conditional, future | menağarıq tül esemif I am not going to flow | senağarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to flow | olağarıq tül eseif he is not going to flow | bizağarıq tül esekif we are not going to flow | sizağarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to flow | alaağarıq tül eseleif they are not going to flow |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menağarıq bolsamif I were going to flow | senağarıq bolsaŋif you were going to flow | olağarıq bolsaif he were going to flow | bizağarıq bolsaqif we were going to flow | sizağarıq bolsağızif you all were going to flow | alaağarıq bolsalaif they were going to flow |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menaqmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to flow | senaqmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to flow | olaqmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to flow | bizaqmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to flow | sizaqmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to flow | alaaqmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to flow |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso aqdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menağa bolurmaI must be flowing | senağa bolursayou must be flowing | olağa bolurhe must be flowing | bizağa bolurbuzwe must be flowing | sizağa bolursuzyou all must be flowing | alaağa bolurlathey must be flowing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menaqmay bolurmaI must not be flowing | senaqmay bolursayou must not be flowing | olaqmay bolurhe must not be flowing | bizaqmay bolurbuzwe must not be flowing | sizaqmay bolursuzyou all must not be flowing | alaaqmay bolurlathey must not be flowing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menağa tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of flowing | senağa tura bolursayou must be in the middle of flowing | olağa tura bolurhe must be in the middle of flowing | bizağa tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of flowing | sizağa tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of flowing | alaağa tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of flowing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menaqmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not flowing | senaqmay tura bolursayou must keep on not flowing | olaqmay tura bolurhe must keep on not flowing | bizaqmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not flowing | sizaqmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not flowing | alaaqmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not flowing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menaqğan bolurmaI must have flowed | senaqğan bolursayou must have flowed | olaqğan bolurhe must have flowed | bizaqğan bolurbuzwe must have flowed | sizaqğan bolursuzyou all must have flowed | alaaqğan bolurlathey must have flowed |
| Inference (must have) | menaqmağan bolurmaI must not have flowed | senaqmağan bolursayou must not have flowed | olaqmağan bolurhe must not have flowed | bizaqmağan bolurbuzwe must not have flowed | sizaqmağan bolursuzyou all must not have flowed | alaaqmağan bolurlathey must not have flowed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menağarıq bolurmaI must be going to flow | senağarıq bolursayou must be going to flow | olağarıq bolurhe must be going to flow | bizağarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to flow | sizağarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to flow | alaağarıq bolurlathey must be going to flow |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menaqmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to flow | senaqmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to flow | olaqmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to flow | bizaqmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to flow | sizaqmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to flow | alaaqmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to flow |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menağayımlet me flow | senaq!flow! | olaqsınlet him flow | bizağayıqlet's flow | sizağığız!flow, you all! | alaaqsınlalet them flow |
| Commands & suggestions | menaqmayımlet me not flow | senaqma!don't flow! | olaqmasınlet him not flow | bizaqmayıqlet's not flow | sizaqmağız!don't flow, you all! | alaaqmasınlalet them not flow |
| Commands & suggestions | menağayımmı?shall I flow? | olaqsınmı?should he flow? | bizağayıqmı?shall we flow? | alaaqsınlamı?should they flow? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menaqmayımmı?shall I not flow? | olaqmasınmı?should he not flow? | bizaqmayıqmı?shall we not flow? | alaaqmasınlamı?should they not flow? | ||
| Requests | senaqçı2aqçınplease flow | olaqsınçıdo let him flow | sizaqçığızplease flow (plural/polite) | alaaqsınlaçıdo let them flow | ||
| Requests | senaqmaçı2aqmaçınplease don't flow | olaqmasınçıdo let him not flow | sizaqmaçığızplease don't flow (plural/polite) | alaaqmasınlaçıdo let them not flow | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senaqğınaqğımay you flow | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senaqmağınaqmağımay you not flow | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menaqğay edim aqğa edimwould that I flowed | senaqğay ediŋ aqğa ediŋwould that you flowed | olaqğay edi aqğa ediwould that he flowed | bizaqğay edik aqğa edikwould that we flowed | sizaqğay edigiz aqğa edigizwould that you all flowed | alaaqğay edile aqğa edilewould that they flowed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menaqmağay edim aqmağa edimwould that I did not flow | senaqmağay ediŋ aqmağa ediŋwould that you did not flow | olaqmağay edi aqmağa ediwould that he did not flow | bizaqmağay edik aqmağa edikwould that we did not flow | sizaqmağay edigiz aqmağa edigizwould that you all did not flow | alaaqmağay edile aqmağa edilewould that they did not flow |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menaqmağa qoyayımaqma qoyayımlet me allow someone to flow | senaqmağa qoy!aqma qoy!let someone flow! | olaqmağa qoysunaqma qoysunlet him allow someone to flow | bizaqmağa qoyayıqaqma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to flow | sizaqmağa qoyuğuz!aqma qoyuğuz!let someone flow, you all! | alaaqmağa qoysunlaaqma qoysunlalet them allow someone to flow |
| Let someone… (commands) | menaqmağa qoymayımaqma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to flow | senaqmağa qoyma!aqma qoyma!don't let someone flow! | olaqmağa qoymasınaqma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to flow | bizaqmağa qoymayıqaqma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to flow | sizaqmağa qoymağız!aqma qoymağız!don't let someone flow, you all! | alaaqmağa qoymasınlaaqma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to flow |
| Let someone… (commands) | menaqmağa qoyayımmı?aqma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to flow? | olaqmağa qoysunmu?aqma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to flow? | bizaqmağa qoyayıqmı?aqma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to flow? | alaaqmağa qoysunlamı?aqma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to flow? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menaqmağa qoymayımmı?aqma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to flow? | olaqmağa qoymasınmı?aqma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to flow? | bizaqmağa qoymayıqmı?aqma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to flow? | alaaqmağa qoymasınlamı?aqma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to flow? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menaqmağa qoyamaaqma qoyamaI allow someone to flow | senaqmağa qoyasaaqma qoyasayou allow someone to flow | olaqmağa qoyadıaqma qoyadıhe allows someone to flow | bizaqmağa qoyabızaqma qoyabızwe allow someone to flow | sizaqmağa qoyasızaqma qoyasızyou all allow someone to flow | alaaqmağa qoyadılaaqma qoyadılathey allow someone to flow |
| Let someone… (present) | menaqmağa qoymaymaaqma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to flow | senaqmağa qoymaysaaqma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to flow | olaqmağa qoymaydıaqma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to flow | bizaqmağa qoymaybızaqma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to flow | sizaqmağa qoymaysızaqma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to flow | alaaqmağa qoymaydılaaqma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to flow |
| Let someone… (present) | menaqmağa qoyamamı?aqma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to flow? | senaqmağa qoyamısa?aqma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to flow? | olaqmağa qoyamıdı?aqma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to flow? | bizaqmağa qoyabızmı?aqma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to flow? | sizaqmağa qoyamısız?aqma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to flow? | alaaqmağa qoyamıdıla?aqma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to flow? |
| Let someone… (present) | menaqmağa qoymaymamı?aqma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to flow? | senaqmağa qoymaymısa?aqma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to flow? | olaqmağa qoymaymıdı?aqma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to flow? | bizaqmağa qoymaybızmı?aqma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to flow? | sizaqmağa qoymaymısız?aqma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to flow? | alaaqmağa qoymaymıdıla?aqma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to flow? |
| Let someone… (past) | menaqmağa qoydumaqma qoydumI allowed someone to flow | senaqmağa qoyduŋaqma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to flow | olaqmağa qoyduaqma qoyduhe allowed someone to flow | bizaqmağa qoyduqaqma qoyduqwe allowed someone to flow | sizaqmağa qoyduğuzaqma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to flow | alaaqmağa qoydulaaqma qoydulathey allowed someone to flow |
| Let someone… (past) | menaqmağa qoymadımaqma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to flow | senaqmağa qoymadıŋaqma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to flow | olaqmağa qoymadıaqma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to flow | bizaqmağa qoymadıqaqma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to flow | sizaqmağa qoymadığızaqma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to flow | alaaqmağa qoymadılaaqma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to flow |
| Let someone… (past) | menaqmağa qoydummu?aqma qoydummu?did I allow someone to flow? | senaqmağa qoyduŋmu?aqma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to flow? | olaqmağa qoydumu?aqma qoydumu?did he allow someone to flow? | bizaqmağa qoyduqmu?aqma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to flow? | sizaqmağa qoyduğuzmu?aqma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to flow? | alaaqmağa qoydulamı?aqma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to flow? |
| Let someone… (past) | menaqmağa qoymadımmı?aqma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to flow? | senaqmağa qoymadıŋmı?aqma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to flow? | olaqmağa qoymadımı?aqma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to flow? | bizaqmağa qoymadıqmı?aqma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to flow? | sizaqmağa qoymadığızmı?aqma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to flow? | alaaqmağa qoymadılamı?aqma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to flow? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
ağalırğa be able to flow · ağalmazğa be unable to flow
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menağalamaI can flow | senağalasayou can flow | olağaladıhe can flow | bizağalabızwe can flow | sizağalasızyou all can flow | alaağaladılathey can flow |
| Ability — present | menağalmaymaI can't flow | senağalmaysayou can't flow | olağalmaydıhe can't flow | bizağalmaybızwe can't flow | sizağalmaysızyou all can't flow | alaağalmaydılathey can't flow |
| Ability — present | menağalamamı? ağalamıma?can I flow? | senağalamısa?can you flow? | olağalamıdı?can he flow? | bizağalabızmı? ağalamıbız?can we flow? | sizağalamısız?can you all flow? | alaağalamıdıla?can they flow? |
| Ability — present | menağalmaymamı? ağalmaymıma?can't I flow? | senağalmaymısa?can't you flow? | olağalmaymıdı?can't he flow? | bizağalmaybızmı? ağalmaymıbız?can't we flow? | sizağalmaymısız?can't you all flow? | alaağalmaymıdıla?can't they flow? |
| Ability — if I can… | menağalsamif I can flow | senağalsaŋif you can flow | olağalsaif he can flow | bizağalsaqif we can flow | sizağalsağızif you all can flow | alaağalsalaif they can flow |
| Ability — if I can… | menağalmasamif I can't flow | senağalmasaŋif you can't flow | olağalmasaif he can't flow | bizağalmasaqif we can't flow | sizağalmasağızif you all can't flow | alaağalmasalaif they can't flow |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menağaldımI was able to flow | senağaldıŋyou were able to flow | olağaldıhe was able to flow | bizağaldıqwe were able to flow | sizağaldığızyou all were able to flow | alaağaldılathey were able to flow |
| Ability — simple past | menağalmadımI could not flow | senağalmadıŋyou could not flow | olağalmadıhe could not flow | bizağalmadıqwe could not flow | sizağalmadığızyou all could not flow | alaağalmadılathey could not flow |
| Ability — simple past | menağaldımmı?was I able to flow? | senağaldıŋmı?were you able to flow? | olağaldımı?was he able to flow? | bizağaldıqmı?were we able to flow? | sizağaldığızmı?were you all able to flow? | alaağaldılamı?were they able to flow? |
| Ability — simple past | menağalmadımmı?couldn't I flow? | senağalmadıŋmı?couldn't you flow? | olağalmadımı?couldn't he flow? | bizağalmadıqmı?couldn't we flow? | sizağalmadığızmı?couldn't you all flow? | alaağalmadılamı?couldn't they flow? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menağalğanmaI have been able to flow | senağalğansayou have been able to flow | olağalğandıhe has been able to flow | bizağalğanbızwe have been able to flow | sizağalğansızyou all have been able to flow | alaağalğandılathey have been able to flow |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menağalmağanmaI haven't been able to flow | senağalmağansayou haven't been able to flow | olağalmağandıhe hasn't been able to flow | bizağalmağanbızwe haven't been able to flow | sizağalmağansızyou all haven't been able to flow | alaağalmağandılathey haven't been able to flow |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menağalğanmamı? ağalğanmıma?have I been able to flow? | senağalğanmısa?have you been able to flow? | olağalğanmıdı?has he been able to flow? | bizağalğanbızmı? ağalğanmıbız?have we been able to flow? | sizağalğanmısız?have you all been able to flow? | alaağalğanmıdıla?have they been able to flow? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menağalmağanmamı? ağalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to flow? | senağalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to flow? | olağalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to flow? | bizağalmağanbızmı? ağalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to flow? | sizağalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to flow? | alaağalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to flow? |
| Ability — past perfect | menağalğan edimağalğanemI had been able to flow | senağalğan ediŋağalğaneŋyou had been able to flow | olağalğan ediağalğanedhe had been able to flow | bizağalğan edikağalğanekwe had been able to flow | sizağalğan edigizağalğanegizyou all had been able to flow | alaağalğan edileağalğanellethey had been able to flow |
| Ability — past perfect | menağalmağan edimağalmağanemI hadn't been able to flow | senağalmağan ediŋağalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to flow | olağalmağan ediağalmağanedhe hadn't been able to flow | bizağalmağan edikağalmağanekwe hadn't been able to flow | sizağalmağan edigizağalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to flow | alaağalmağan edileağalmağanellethey hadn't been able to flow |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menağala edimağalaemI could flow | senağala ediŋağalaeŋyou could flow | olağala ediağalaedhe could flow | bizağala edikağalaekwe could flow | sizağala edigizağalaegizyou all could flow | alaağala edileağalaellethey could flow |
| Ability — past background | menağalmay edimağalmayemI could not flow | senağalmay ediŋağalmayeŋyou could not flow | olağalmay ediağalmayedhe could not flow | bizağalmay edikağalmayekwe could not flow | sizağalmay edigizağalmayegizyou all could not flow | alaağalmay edileağalmayellethey could not flow |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menağalırmaI will be able to flow | senağalırsayou will be able to flow | olağalırhe will be able to flow | bizağalırbızwe will be able to flow | sizağalırsızyou all will be able to flow | alaağalırlathey will be able to flow |
| Ability — future I | menağalmazmaI won't be able to flow | senağalmazsayou won't be able to flow | olağalmazhe won't be able to flow | bizağalmazbızwe won't be able to flow | sizağalmazsızyou all won't be able to flow | alaağalmazlathey won't be able to flow |
| Ability — future I | menağalırmamı? ağalırmıma?will I be able to flow? | senağalırmısa?will you be able to flow? | olağalırmı?will he be able to flow? | bizağalırbızmı? ağalırmıbız?will we be able to flow? | sizağalırmısız?will you all be able to flow? | alaağalırlamı? ağalırmıla?will they be able to flow? |
| Ability — future I | menağalmazmamı? ağalmazmıma?won't I be able to flow? | senağalmazmısa?won't you be able to flow? | olağalmazmı?won't he be able to flow? | bizağalmazbızmı? ağalmazmıbız?won't we be able to flow? | sizağalmazmısız?won't you all be able to flow? | alaağalmazlamı? ağalmazmıla?won't they be able to flow? |
| Ability — future II | menağallıqmaI am going to be able to flow | senağallıqsayou are going to be able to flow | olağallıqdıhe is going to be able to flow | bizağallıqbızwe are going to be able to flow | sizağallıqsızyou all are going to be able to flow | alaağallıqdılathey are going to be able to flow |
| Ability — future II | menağallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to flow | senağallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to flow | olağallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to flow | bizağallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to flow | sizağallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to flow | alaağallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to flow |
| Ability — future II | menağallıqmamı? ağallıqmıma?am I going to be able to flow? | senağallıqmısa?are you going to be able to flow? | olağallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to flow? | bizağallıqbızmı? ağallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to flow? | sizağallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to flow? | alaağallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to flow? |
| Ability — future II | menağallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to flow? | senağallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to flow? | olağallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to flow? | bizağallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to flow? | sizağallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to flow? | alaağallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to flow? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menağalır edimağalır emI would be able to flow | senağalır ediŋağalır eŋyou would be able to flow | olağalır ediağalır edhe would be able to flow | bizağalır edikağalır ekwe would be able to flow | sizağalır edigizağalır egizyou all would be able to flow | alaağalır edileağalır ellethey would be able to flow |
| Ability — would be able to… | menağalmaz edimağalmaz emI wouldn't be able to flow | senağalmaz ediŋağalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to flow | olağalmaz ediağalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to flow | bizağalmaz edikağalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to flow | sizağalmaz edigizağalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to flow | alaağalmaz edileağalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to flow |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senağalğınağalğımay you be able to flow | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senağalmağınağalmağımay you not be able to flow | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menağarğa izleymeI want to flow | senağarğa izleyseyou want to flow | olağarğa izleydihe wants to flow | bizağarğa izleybizwe want to flow | sizağarğa izleysizyou all want to flow | alaağarğa izleydilethey want to flow |
| want to | menağarğa izlemeymeI do not want to flow | senağarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to flow | olağarğa izlemeydihe does not want to flow | bizağarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to flow | sizağarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to flow | alaağarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to flow |
| would like to | menağarğa süemeI would like to flow | senağarğa süeseyou would like to flow | olağarğa süedihe would like to flow | bizağarğa süebizwe would like to flow | sizağarğa süesizyou all would like to flow | alaağarğa süedilethey would like to flow |
| would like to | menağarğa süymeymeI would not like to flow | senağarğa süymeyseyou would not like to flow | olağarğa süymeydihe would not like to flow | bizağarğa süymeybizwe would not like to flow | sizağarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to flow | alaağarğa süymeydilethey would not like to flow |
| hope to | menağarğa umutlanamaI hope to flow | senağarğa umutlanasayou hope to flow | olağarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to flow | bizağarğa umutlanabızwe hope to flow | sizağarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to flow | alaağarğa umutlanadılathey hope to flow |
| hope to | menağarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to flow | senağarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to flow | olağarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to flow | bizağarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to flow | sizağarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to flow | alaağarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to flow |
| be about to | menağarğa deb turamaI am about to flow | senağarğa deb turasayou are about to flow | olağarğa deb turadıhe is about to flow | bizağarğa deb turabızwe are about to flow | sizağarğa deb turasızyou all are about to flow | alaağarğa deb turadılathey are about to flow |
| be about to | menağarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to flow | senağarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to flow | olağarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to flow | bizağarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to flow | sizağarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to flow | alaağarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to flow |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menağarğa kerekmeI need to flow | senağarğa kerekseyou need to flow | olağarğa kerekdihe needs to flow | bizağarğa kerekbizwe need to flow | sizağarğa kereksizyou all need to flow | alaağarğa kerekdilethey need to flow |
| need to | menağarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to flow | senağarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to flow | olağarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to flow | bizağarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to flow | sizağarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to flow | alaağarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to flow |
| have to | menmenŋe ağarğa tüşediI have to flow | sensenŋe ağarğa tüşediyou have to flow | olaŋa ağarğa tüşedihe has to flow | bizbizge ağarğa tüşediwe have to flow | sizsizge ağarğa tüşediyou all have to flow | alaalağa ağarğa tüşedithey have to flow |
| have to | menmenŋe ağarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to flow | sensenŋe ağarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to flow | olaŋa ağarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to flow | bizbizge ağarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to flow | sizsizge ağarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to flow | alaalağa ağarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to flow |
| be obliged to | menağarğa borçlumaI am obliged to flow | senağarğa borçlusayou are obliged to flow | olağarğa borçluduhe is obliged to flow | bizağarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to flow | sizağarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to flow | alaağarğa borçludulathey are obliged to flow |
| be obliged to | menağarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to flow | senağarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to flow | olağarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to flow | bizağarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to flow | sizağarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to flow | alaağarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to flow |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menağarğa madarım bardıI have a way to flow | senağarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to flow | olağarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to flow | bizağarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to flow | sizağarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to flow | alaağarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to flow |
| have a way to | menağarğa madarım joqduI have no way to flow | senağarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to flow | olağarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to flow | bizağarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to flow | sizağarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to flow | alaağarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to flow |
| be free to | menağarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to flow | senağarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to flow | olağarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to flow | bizağarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to flow | sizağarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to flow | alaağarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to flow |
| be free to | menağarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to flow | senağarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to flow | olağarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to flow | bizağarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to flow | sizağarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to flow | alaağarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to flow |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ağarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to flow | sensenŋe ağarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to flow | olaŋa ağarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to flow | bizbizge ağarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to flow | sizsizge ağarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to flow | alaalağa ağarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to flow |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ağarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to flow | sensenŋe ağarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to flow | olaŋa ağarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to flow | bizbizge ağarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to flow | sizsizge ağarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to flow | alaalağa ağarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to flow |
| be ready to | menağarğa hazırmaI am ready to flow | senağarğa hazırsayou are ready to flow | olağarğa hazırdıhe is ready to flow | bizağarğa hazırbızwe are ready to flow | sizağarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to flow | alaağarğa hazırdılathey are ready to flow |
| be ready to | menağarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to flow | senağarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to flow | olağarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to flow | bizağarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to flow | sizağarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to flow | alaağarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to flow |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menağarğa küreşemeI am trying to flow | senağarğa küreşeseyou are trying to flow | olağarğa küreşedihe is trying to flow | bizağarğa küreşebizwe are trying to flow | sizağarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to flow | alaağarğa küreşedilethey are trying to flow |
| try to | menağarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to flow | senağarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to flow | olağarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to flow | bizağarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to flow | sizağarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to flow | alaağarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to flow |
| agree to | menağarğa unaymaI agree to flow | senağarğa unaysayou agree to flow | olağarğa unaydıhe agrees to flow | bizağarğa unaybızwe agree to flow | sizağarğa unaysızyou all agree to flow | alaağarğa unaydılathey agree to flow |
| agree to | menağarğa unamaymaI refuse to flow | senağarğa unamaysayou refuse to flow | olağarğa unamaydıhe refuses to flow | bizağarğa unamaybızwe refuse to flow | sizağarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to flow | alaağarğa unamaydılathey refuse to flow |
| hurry to | menağarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to flow | senağarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to flow | olağarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to flow | bizağarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to flow | sizağarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to flow | alaağarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to flow |
| hurry to | menağarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to flow | senağarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to flow | olağarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to flow | bizağarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to flow | sizağarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to flow | alaağarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to flow |
| be afraid to | menağarğa qorqamaI am afraid to flow | senağarğa qorqasayou are afraid to flow | olağarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to flow | bizağarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to flow | sizağarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to flow | alaağarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to flow |
| be afraid to | menağarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to flow | senağarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to flow | olağarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to flow | bizağarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to flow | sizağarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to flow | alaağarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to flow |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menağa bolmazmaI can't be flowing | senağa bolmazsayou can't be flowing | olağa bolmazhe can't be flowing | bizağa bolmazbızwe can't be flowing | sizağa bolmazsızyou all can't be flowing | alaağa bolmazlathey can't be flowing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menaqmay bolmazmaI must be flowing (emphatic) | senaqmay bolmazsayou must be flowing (emphatic) | olaqmay bolmazhe must be flowing (emphatic) | bizaqmay bolmazbızwe must be flowing (emphatic) | sizaqmay bolmazsızyou all must be flowing (emphatic) | alaaqmay bolmazlathey must be flowing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menağa turmasamif I don't keep flowing | senağa turmasaŋif you don't keep flowing | olağa turmasaif he doesn't keep flowing | bizağa turmasaqif we don't keep flowing | sizağa turmasağızif you all don't keep flowing | alaağa turmasalaif they don't keep flowing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menağa tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of flowing | senağa tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of flowing | olağa tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of flowing | bizağa tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of flowing | sizağa tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of flowing | alaağa tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of flowing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menaqmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not flowing (emphatic) | senaqmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not flowing (emphatic) | olaqmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not flowing (emphatic) | bizaqmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not flowing (emphatic) | sizaqmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not flowing (emphatic) | alaaqmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not flowing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menaqmay turamaI keep on not flowing | senaqmay turasayou keep on not flowing | olaqmay turadıhe keeps on not flowing | bizaqmay turabızwe keep on not flowing | sizaqmay turasızyou all keep on not flowing | alaaqmay turadılathey keep on not flowing |
| Progressive — double negation | menaqmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not flowing | senaqmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not flowing | olaqmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not flowing | bizaqmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not flowing | sizaqmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not flowing | alaaqmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not flowing |
| Progressive — double negation | menaqmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not flowing? | senaqmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not flowing? | olaqmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not flowing? | bizaqmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not flowing? | sizaqmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not flowing? | alaaqmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not flowing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menaqğan bolmazmaI can't have flowed | senaqğan bolmazsayou can't have flowed | olaqğan bolmazhe can't have flowed | bizaqğan bolmazbızwe can't have flowed | sizaqğan bolmazsızyou all can't have flowed | alaaqğan bolmazlathey can't have flowed |
| Inference — double negation | menaqmağan bolmazmaI must have flowed (emphatic) | senaqmağan bolmazsayou must have flowed (emphatic) | olaqmağan bolmazhe must have flowed (emphatic) | bizaqmağan bolmazbızwe must have flowed (emphatic) | sizaqmağan bolmazsızyou all must have flowed (emphatic) | alaaqmağan bolmazlathey must have flowed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menaqğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had flowed | senaqğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had flowed | olaqğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had flowed | bizaqğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had flowed | sizaqğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had flowed | alaaqğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had flowed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menaqmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't flowed | senaqmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't flowed | olaqmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't flowed | bizaqmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't flowed | sizaqmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't flowed | alaaqmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't flowed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menağarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to flow | senağarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to flow | olağarıq bolmazhe can't be going to flow | bizağarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to flow | sizağarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to flow | alaağarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to flow |
| Inference, future — double negation | menaqmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to flow (emphatic) | senaqmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to flow (emphatic) | olaqmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to flow (emphatic) | bizaqmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to flow (emphatic) | sizaqmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to flow (emphatic) | alaaqmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to flow (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menağarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to flow | senağarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to flow | olağarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to flow | bizağarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to flow | sizağarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to flow | alaağarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to flow |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menaqmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to flow | senaqmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to flow | olaqmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to flow | bizaqmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to flow | sizaqmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to flow | alaaqmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to flow |