arıq
/arɯq/ · plural arıqla
1. thin, lean, skinny, slender, emaciated
- arıq adam — a thin person
- arıq mal — lean livestock
- bek arıq — very thin
- arıq qoy — a thin sheep
- arıq bolurğa — to grow thin
- kesi da bek arıq edi — and it was itself very thin
2. irrigation ditch, water trench, irrigation canal
- ullu arıq — a large irrigation ditch
- arıqnı suwu azaydı — the water in the ditch decreased
- çügündürge suw salıwçu arıq — a ditch for running water to the beets
- tazalanŋanmıdıla arıqla — have the ditches been cleaned
- arıqlanı tazaladıla — they cleaned the ditches
3. lean, low-fat — Said of meat, as in arıq et "lean meat".
- arıq et — lean meat
- arıq etni şorpası tatımaz — broth from lean meat lacks flavor
- bu et bek arıqdı — this meat is very lean
4. depleted, infertile, exhausted — Said of soil or land, as in arıq jer "exhausted soil".
- arıq jer — depleted soil
- bu jer arıqdı — this land is depleted
- arıq jerde bitim az boladı — on depleted land the crop is small
5. poor, needy, without means
- arıq üy — a poor household
- arıq üydegi — a poor family
- arıq mülk — a poor farm
- arıq üy çamçı bolur — a poor household will be fond of joking
6. thinness, leanness one source
- asırı arıqdan boynu sozulub qalğandı — from too much thinness his neck has stretched out
As an adjective
Degrees and persons
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | arıqmaI am thin | arıqsayou are thin | arıqdıhe is thin | arıqbızwe are thin | arıqsızyou all are thin | arıqdılathey are thin |
| comparative — more | arığıraqmaI am thinner | arığıraqsayou are thinner | arığıraqdıhe is thinner | arığıraqbızwe are thinner | arığıraqsızyou all are thinner | arığıraqdılathey are thinner |
| intensifier — very | bek arıqmaI am very thin | bek arıqsayou are very thin | bek arıqdıhe is very thin | bek arıqbızwe are very thin | bek arıqsızyou all are very thin | bek arıqdılathey are very thin |
| superlative — most | em arıqmaI am the thinnest | em arıqsayou are the thinnest | em arıqdıhe is the thinnest | em arıqbızwe are the thinnest | em arıqsızyou all are the thinnest | em arıqdılathey are the thinnest |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden arıqdı — "compared to me, he is thin."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki arıqdımine is thin | seniki arıqdıyours is thin | anıqı arıqdıhis is thin | bizniki arıqdıours is thin | sizniki arıqdıyours (pl.) is thin | alanıqı arıqdıtheirs is thin |
| comparative — more | meniki arığıraqdımine is thinner | seniki arığıraqdıyours is thinner | anıqı arığıraqdıhis is thinner | bizniki arığıraqdıours is thinner | sizniki arığıraqdıyours (pl.) is thinner | alanıqı arığıraqdıtheirs is thinner |
| intensifier — very | meniki bek arıqdımine is very thin | seniki bek arıqdıyours is very thin | anıqı bek arıqdıhis is very thin | bizniki bek arıqdıours is very thin | sizniki bek arıqdıyours (pl.) is very thin | alanıqı bek arıqdıtheirs is very thin |
| superlative — most | meniki em arıqdımine is the thinnest | seniki em arıqdıyours is the thinnest | anıqı em arıqdıhis is the thinnest | bizniki em arıqdıours is the thinnest | sizniki em arıqdıyours (pl.) is the thinnest | alanıqı em arıqdıtheirs is the thinnest |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile arıqdılamine are thin | senikile arıqdılayours are thin | anıqıla arıqdılahis are thin | biznikile arıqdılaours are thin | siznikile arıqdılayours (pl.) are thin | alanıqıla arıqdılatheirs are thin |
| comparative — more | menikile arığıraqdılamine are thinner | senikile arığıraqdılayours are thinner | anıqıla arığıraqdılahis are thinner | biznikile arığıraqdılaours are thinner | siznikile arığıraqdılayours (pl.) are thinner | alanıqıla arığıraqdılatheirs are thinner |
| intensifier — very | menikile bek arıqdılamine are very thin | senikile bek arıqdılayours are very thin | anıqıla bek arıqdılahis are very thin | biznikile bek arıqdılaours are very thin | siznikile bek arıqdılayours (pl.) are very thin | alanıqıla bek arıqdılatheirs are very thin |
| superlative — most | menikile em arıqdılamine are the thinnest | senikile em arıqdılayours are the thinnest | anıqıla em arıqdılahis are the thinnest | biznikile em arıqdılaours are the thinnest | siznikile em arıqdılayours (pl.) are the thinnest | alanıqıla em arıqdılatheirs are the thinnest |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu arıqdı, bıla arıqdıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".
As a noun
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | arıqthe irrigation ditch | arığımmy irrigation ditch | arığıŋyour irrigation ditch | arığıhis irrigation ditch | arığıbızour irrigation ditch | arığığızyou all's irrigation ditch | arıqlarıtheir irrigation ditches |
| Genitive | arıqnıthe irrigation ditch's | arığımımy irrigation ditch's | arığıŋıyour irrigation ditch's | arığınıhis irrigation ditch's | arığıbıznıour irrigation ditch's | arığığıznıyou all's irrigation ditch's | arıqlarınıtheir irrigation ditches' |
| Accusative | arıqnıthe irrigation ditch (as the object) | arığımımy irrigation ditch (as the object) | arığıŋıyour irrigation ditch (as the object) | arığınhis irrigation ditch (as the object) | arığıbıznıour irrigation ditch (as the object) | arığığıznıyou all's irrigation ditch (as the object) | arıqlarıntheir irrigation ditches (as the object) |
| Dative | arıqğato the irrigation ditch | arığımato my irrigation ditch | arığıŋato your irrigation ditch | arığınato his irrigation ditch | arığıbızğato our irrigation ditch | arığığızğato you all's irrigation ditch | arıqlarınato their irrigation ditches |
| Locative | arıqdain / at the irrigation ditch | arığımdain / at my irrigation ditch | arığıŋdain / at your irrigation ditch | arığındain / at his irrigation ditch | arığıbızdain / at our irrigation ditch | arığığızdain / at you all's irrigation ditch | arıqlarındain / at their irrigation ditches |
| Ablative | arıqdanfrom the irrigation ditch | arığımdanfrom my irrigation ditch | arığıŋdanfrom your irrigation ditch | arığındanfrom his irrigation ditch | arığıbızdanfrom our irrigation ditch | arığığızdanfrom you all's irrigation ditch | arıqlarındanfrom their irrigation ditches |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | arıqlathe irrigation ditches | arıqlarımmy irrigation ditches | arıqlarıŋyour irrigation ditches | arıqlarıhis irrigation ditches | arıqlarıbızour irrigation ditches | arıqlarığızyou all's irrigation ditches | arıqlarıtheir irrigation ditches |
| Genitive | arıqlanıthe irrigation ditches' | arıqlarımımy irrigation ditches' | arıqlarıŋıyour irrigation ditches' | arıqlarınıhis irrigation ditches' | arıqlarıbıznıour irrigation ditches' | arıqlarığıznıyou all's irrigation ditches' | arıqlarınıtheir irrigation ditches' |
| Accusative | arıqlanıthe irrigation ditches (as the object) | arıqlarımımy irrigation ditches (as the object) | arıqlarıŋıyour irrigation ditches (as the object) | arıqlarınhis irrigation ditches (as the object) | arıqlarıbıznıour irrigation ditches (as the object) | arıqlarığıznıyou all's irrigation ditches (as the object) | arıqlarıntheir irrigation ditches (as the object) |
| Dative | arıqlağato the irrigation ditches | arıqlarımato my irrigation ditches | arıqlarıŋato your irrigation ditches | arıqlarınato his irrigation ditches | arıqlarıbızğato our irrigation ditches | arıqlarığızğato you all's irrigation ditches | arıqlarınato their irrigation ditches |
| Locative | arıqladain / at the irrigation ditches | arıqlarımdain / at my irrigation ditches | arıqlarıŋdain / at your irrigation ditches | arıqlarındain / at his irrigation ditches | arıqlarıbızdain / at our irrigation ditches | arıqlarığızdain / at you all's irrigation ditches | arıqlarındain / at their irrigation ditches |
| Ablative | arıqladanfrom the irrigation ditches | arıqlarımdanfrom my irrigation ditches | arıqlarıŋdanfrom your irrigation ditches | arıqlarındanfrom his irrigation ditches | arıqlarıbızdanfrom our irrigation ditches | arıqlarığızdanfrom you all's irrigation ditches | arıqlarındanfrom their irrigation ditches |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: arıqları can mean "his / her irrigation ditches", "their irrigation ditch", or "their irrigation ditches" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.