almaşırğa
/almaʃɯrʁa/
1. change over, be relieved, come off shift
- işden on sağatda almaşhanma — I came off shift at ten o'clock
- qarawulla almaşdıla — the guards were relieved
- biz bügün almaşabız — we come off shift today
2. alternate, take turns
- ekibiz almaşıb işleybiz — the two of us work by turns
- keçe bla kün almaşadıla — night and day alternate
- ala almaşıb söleşdile — they spoke in turn
Conjugation
Common forms
- almaşadıhe is changing over
- almaşdıhe changed over
- almaşhandıhe has changed over
- almaşırhe will change over
- almaşırıqdıhe is going to change over
- almaşa edihe was changing over
- almaşsaif he changes over
- almaş!change over!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menalmaşamaI am changing over | senalmaşasayou are changing over | olalmaşadıhe is changing over | bizalmaşabızwe are changing over | sizalmaşasızyou all are changing over | alaalmaşadılathey are changing over |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menalmaşmaymaI am not changing over | senalmaşmaysayou are not changing over | olalmaşmaydıhe is not changing over | bizalmaşmaybızwe are not changing over | sizalmaşmaysızyou all are not changing over | alaalmaşmaydılathey are not changing over |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menalmaşamamı? almaşamıma?am I changing over? | senalmaşamısa?are you changing over? | olalmaşamıdı?is he changing over? | bizalmaşabızmı? almaşamıbız?are we changing over? | sizalmaşamısız?are you all changing over? | alaalmaşamıdıla?are they changing over? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menalmaşmaymamı? almaşmaymıma?aren't I changing over? | senalmaşmaymısa?aren't you changing over? | olalmaşmaymıdı?isn't he changing over? | bizalmaşmaybızmı? almaşmaymıbız?aren't we changing over? | sizalmaşmaymısız?aren't you all changing over? | alaalmaşmaymıdıla?aren't they changing over? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menalmaşıwçanmaI usually change over | senalmaşıwçansayou usually change over | olalmaşıwçandıhe usually changes over | bizalmaşıwçanbızwe usually change over | sizalmaşıwçansızyou all usually change over | alaalmaşıwçandılathey usually change over |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menalmaşmawçanmaI usually don't change over | senalmaşmawçansayou usually don't change over | olalmaşmawçandıhe usually doesn't change over | bizalmaşmawçanbızwe usually don't change over | sizalmaşmawçansızyou all usually don't change over | alaalmaşmawçandılathey usually don't change over |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menalmaşıwçanmamı? almaşıwçanmıma?do I usually change over? | senalmaşıwçanmısa?do you usually change over? | olalmaşıwçanmıdı?does he usually change over? | bizalmaşıwçanbızmı? almaşıwçanmıbız?do we usually change over? | sizalmaşıwçanmısız?do you all usually change over? | alaalmaşıwçanmıdıla?do they usually change over? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menalmaşmawçanmamı? almaşmawçanmıma?do I usually not change over? | senalmaşmawçanmısa?do you usually not change over? | olalmaşmawçanmıdı?does he usually not change over? | bizalmaşmawçanbızmı? almaşmawçanmıbız?do we usually not change over? | sizalmaşmawçanmısız?do you all usually not change over? | alaalmaşmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not change over? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olalmaşıbdıhe has changed over and remains so | alaalmaşıbdılathey have changed over and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olalmaşıbmıdı?has he changed over? | alaalmaşıbmıdıla?have they changed over? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menalmaşıb turamaI keep changing over | senalmaşıb turasayou keep changing over | olalmaşıb turadıhe keeps changing over | bizalmaşıb turabızwe keep changing over | sizalmaşıb turasızyou all keep changing over | alaalmaşıb turadılathey keep changing over |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menalmaşıb turmaymaI don't keep changing over | senalmaşıb turmaysayou don't keep changing over | olalmaşıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep changing over | bizalmaşıb turmaybızwe don't keep changing over | sizalmaşıb turmaysızyou all don't keep changing over | alaalmaşıb turmaydılathey don't keep changing over |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menalmaşıb turamamı? almaşıb turamıma?do I keep changing over? | senalmaşıb turamısa?do you keep changing over? | olalmaşıb turamıdı?does he keep changing over? | bizalmaşıb turabızmı? almaşıb turamıbız?do we keep changing over? | sizalmaşıb turamısız?do you all keep changing over? | alaalmaşıb turamıdıla?do they keep changing over? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menalmaşıb turmaymamı? almaşıb turmaymıma?don't I keep changing over? | senalmaşıb turmaymısa?don't you keep changing over? | olalmaşıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep changing over? | bizalmaşıb turmaybızmı? almaşıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep changing over? | sizalmaşıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep changing over? | alaalmaşıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep changing over? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menalmaşa turamaI am in the middle of changing over | senalmaşa turasayou are in the middle of changing over | olalmaşa turadıhe is in the middle of changing over | bizalmaşa turabızwe are in the middle of changing over | sizalmaşa turasızyou all are in the middle of changing over | alaalmaşa turadılathey are in the middle of changing over |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menalmaşa turmaymaI am not in the middle of changing over | senalmaşa turmaysayou are not in the middle of changing over | olalmaşa turmaydıhe is not in the middle of changing over | bizalmaşa turmaybızwe are not in the middle of changing over | sizalmaşa turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of changing over | alaalmaşa turmaydılathey are not in the middle of changing over |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menalmaşa turamamı? almaşa turamıma?am I in the middle of changing over? | senalmaşa turamısa?are you in the middle of changing over? | olalmaşa turamıdı?is he in the middle of changing over? | bizalmaşa turabızmı? almaşa turamıbız?are we in the middle of changing over? | sizalmaşa turamısız?are you all in the middle of changing over? | alaalmaşa turamıdıla?are they in the middle of changing over? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menalmaşa turmaymamı? almaşa turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of changing over? | senalmaşa turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of changing over? | olalmaşa turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of changing over? | bizalmaşa turmaybızmı? almaşa turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of changing over? | sizalmaşa turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of changing over? | alaalmaşa turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of changing over? |
| Simple past (definite) | menalmaşdımI changed over | senalmaşdıŋyou changed over | olalmaşdıhe changed over | bizalmaşdıqwe changed over | sizalmaşdığızyou all changed over | alaalmaşdılathey changed over |
| Simple past (definite) | menalmaşmadımI didn't change over | senalmaşmadıŋyou didn't change over | olalmaşmadıhe didn't change over | bizalmaşmadıqwe didn't change over | sizalmaşmadığızyou all didn't change over | alaalmaşmadılathey didn't change over |
| Simple past (definite) | menalmaşdımmı?did I change over? | senalmaşdıŋmı?did you change over? | olalmaşdımı?did he change over? | bizalmaşdıqmı?did we change over? | sizalmaşdığızmı?did you all change over? | alaalmaşdılamı?did they change over? |
| Simple past (definite) | menalmaşmadımmı?didn't I change over? | senalmaşmadıŋmı?didn't you change over? | olalmaşmadımı?didn't he change over? | bizalmaşmadıqmı?didn't we change over? | sizalmaşmadığızmı?didn't you all change over? | alaalmaşmadılamı?didn't they change over? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menalmaşhanmaI have changed over | senalmaşhansayou have changed over | olalmaşhandıhe has changed over | bizalmaşhanbızwe have changed over | sizalmaşhansızyou all have changed over | alaalmaşhandılathey have changed over |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menalmaşmağanmaI haven't changed over | senalmaşmağansayou haven't changed over | olalmaşmağandıhe hasn't changed over | bizalmaşmağanbızwe haven't changed over | sizalmaşmağansızyou all haven't changed over | alaalmaşmağandılathey haven't changed over |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menalmaşhanmamı? almaşhanmıma?have I changed over? | senalmaşhanmısa?have you changed over? | olalmaşhanmıdı?has he changed over? | bizalmaşhanbızmı? almaşhanmıbız?have we changed over? | sizalmaşhanmısız?have you all changed over? | alaalmaşhanmıdıla?have they changed over? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menalmaşmağanmamı? almaşmağanmıma?haven't I changed over? | senalmaşmağanmısa?haven't you changed over? | olalmaşmağanmıdı?hasn't he changed over? | bizalmaşmağanbızmı? almaşmağanmıbız?haven't we changed over? | sizalmaşmağanmısız?haven't you all changed over? | alaalmaşmağanmıdıla?haven't they changed over? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menalmaşıb turdumI kept changing over | senalmaşıb turduŋyou kept changing over | olalmaşıb turduhe kept changing over | bizalmaşıb turduqwe kept changing over | sizalmaşıb turduğuzyou all kept changing over | alaalmaşıb turdulathey kept changing over |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menalmaşıb turmadımI didn't keep changing over | senalmaşıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep changing over | olalmaşıb turmadıhe didn't keep changing over | bizalmaşıb turmadıqwe didn't keep changing over | sizalmaşıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep changing over | alaalmaşıb turmadılathey didn't keep changing over |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menalmaşırmaI will change over | senalmaşırsayou will change over | olalmaşırhe will change over | bizalmaşırbızwe will change over | sizalmaşırsızyou all will change over | alaalmaşırlathey will change over |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menalmaşmazmaI won't change over | senalmaşmazsayou won't change over | olalmaşmazhe won't change over | bizalmaşmazbızwe won't change over | sizalmaşmazsızyou all won't change over | alaalmaşmazlathey won't change over |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menalmaşırmamı? almaşırmıma?will I change over? | senalmaşırmısa?will you change over? | olalmaşırmı?will he change over? | bizalmaşırbızmı? almaşırmıbız?will we change over? | sizalmaşırmısız?will you all change over? | alaalmaşırlamı? almaşırmıla?will they change over? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menalmaşmazmamı? almaşmazmıma?won't I change over? | senalmaşmazmısa?won't you change over? | olalmaşmazmı?won't he change over? | bizalmaşmazbızmı? almaşmazmıbız?won't we change over? | sizalmaşmazmısız?won't you all change over? | alaalmaşmazlamı? almaşmazmıla?won't they change over? |
| Definite future (future II) | menalmaşırıqmaI am going to change over | senalmaşırıqsayou are going to change over | olalmaşırıqdıhe is going to change over | bizalmaşırıqbızwe are going to change over | sizalmaşırıqsızyou all are going to change over | alaalmaşırıqdılathey are going to change over |
| Definite future (future II) | menalmaşırıq tülmeI am not going to change over | senalmaşırıq tülseyou are not going to change over | olalmaşırıq tüldühe is not going to change over | bizalmaşırıq tülbüzwe are not going to change over | sizalmaşırıq tülsüzyou all are not going to change over | alaalmaşırıq tüldülethey are not going to change over |
| Definite future (future II) | menalmaşırıqmamı? almaşırıqmıma?am I going to change over? | senalmaşırıqmısa?are you going to change over? | olalmaşırıqmıdı?is he going to change over? | bizalmaşırıqbızmı? almaşırıqmıbız?are we going to change over? | sizalmaşırıqmısız?are you all going to change over? | alaalmaşırıqmıdıla?are they going to change over? |
| Definite future (future II) | menalmaşırıq tülmüme?aren't I going to change over? | senalmaşırıq tülmüse?aren't you going to change over? | olalmaşırıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to change over? | bizalmaşırıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to change over? | sizalmaşırıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to change over? | alaalmaşırıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to change over? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menalmaşhan edimalmaşhanemI had changed over | senalmaşhan ediŋalmaşhaneŋyou had changed over | olalmaşhan edialmaşhanedhe had changed over | bizalmaşhan edikalmaşhanekwe had changed over | sizalmaşhan edigizalmaşhanegizyou all had changed over | alaalmaşhan edilealmaşhanellethey had changed over |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menalmaşmağan edimalmaşmağanemI hadn't changed over | senalmaşmağan ediŋalmaşmağaneŋyou hadn't changed over | olalmaşmağan edialmaşmağanedhe hadn't changed over | bizalmaşmağan edikalmaşmağanekwe hadn't changed over | sizalmaşmağan edigizalmaşmağanegizyou all hadn't changed over | alaalmaşmağan edilealmaşmağanellethey hadn't changed over |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menalmaşa edimalmaşaemI was changing over | senalmaşa ediŋalmaşaeŋyou were changing over | olalmaşa edialmaşaedhe was changing over | bizalmaşa edikalmaşaekwe were changing over | sizalmaşa edigizalmaşaegizyou all were changing over | alaalmaşa edilealmaşaellethey were changing over |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menalmaşmay edimalmaşmayemI wasn't changing over | senalmaşmay ediŋalmaşmayeŋyou weren't changing over | olalmaşmay edialmaşmayedhe wasn't changing over | bizalmaşmay edikalmaşmayekwe weren't changing over | sizalmaşmay edigizalmaşmayegizyou all weren't changing over | alaalmaşmay edilealmaşmayellethey weren't changing over |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menalmaşıwçan edimalmaşıwçanemI used to change over | senalmaşıwçan ediŋalmaşıwçaneŋyou used to change over | olalmaşıwçan edialmaşıwçanedhe used to change over | bizalmaşıwçan edikalmaşıwçanekwe used to change over | sizalmaşıwçan edigizalmaşıwçanegizyou all used to change over | alaalmaşıwçan edilealmaşıwçanellethey used to change over |
| Habitual past (used to) | menalmaşmawçan edimalmaşmawçanemI didn't use to change over | senalmaşmawçan ediŋalmaşmawçaneŋyou didn't use to change over | olalmaşmawçan edialmaşmawçanedhe didn't use to change over | bizalmaşmawçan edikalmaşmawçanekwe didn't use to change over | sizalmaşmawçan edigizalmaşmawçanegizyou all didn't use to change over | alaalmaşmawçan edilealmaşmawçanellethey didn't use to change over |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olalmaşıb edihe had changed over and remained so | alaalmaşıb edilethey had changed over and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olalmaşıb tül edihe hadn't changed over | alaalmaşıb tül edilethey hadn't changed over | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menalmaşıb tura edimalmaşıb turaemI had kept changing over | senalmaşıb tura ediŋalmaşıb turaeŋyou had kept changing over | olalmaşıb tura edialmaşıb turaedhe had kept changing over | bizalmaşıb tura edikalmaşıb turaekwe had kept changing over | sizalmaşıb tura edigizalmaşıb turaegizyou all had kept changing over | alaalmaşıb tura edilealmaşıb turaellethey had kept changing over |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menalmaşıb turmay edimalmaşıb turmayemI hadn't kept changing over | senalmaşıb turmay ediŋalmaşıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept changing over | olalmaşıb turmay edialmaşıb turmayedhe hadn't kept changing over | bizalmaşıb turmay edikalmaşıb turmayekwe hadn't kept changing over | sizalmaşıb turmay edigizalmaşıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept changing over | alaalmaşıb turmay edilealmaşıb turmayellethey hadn't kept changing over |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menalmaşa tura edimalmaşa turaemI was in the middle of changing over | senalmaşa tura ediŋalmaşa turaeŋyou were in the middle of changing over | olalmaşa tura edialmaşa turaedhe was in the middle of changing over | bizalmaşa tura edikalmaşa turaekwe were in the middle of changing over | sizalmaşa tura edigizalmaşa turaegizyou all were in the middle of changing over | alaalmaşa tura edilealmaşa turaellethey were in the middle of changing over |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menalmaşa turmay edimalmaşa turmayemI wasn't in the middle of changing over | senalmaşa turmay ediŋalmaşa turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of changing over | olalmaşa turmay edialmaşa turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of changing over | bizalmaşa turmay edikalmaşa turmayekwe weren't in the middle of changing over | sizalmaşa turmay edigizalmaşa turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of changing over | alaalmaşa turmay edilealmaşa turmayellethey weren't in the middle of changing over |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menalmaşır edimalmaşır emI would change over | senalmaşır ediŋalmaşır eŋyou would change over | olalmaşır edialmaşır edhe would change over | bizalmaşır edikalmaşır ekwe would change over | sizalmaşır edigizalmaşır egizyou all would change over | alaalmaşır edilealmaşır ellethey would change over |
| Conditional result (would) | menalmaşmaz edimalmaşmaz emI wouldn't change over | senalmaşmaz ediŋalmaşmaz eŋyou wouldn't change over | olalmaşmaz edialmaşmaz edhe wouldn't change over | bizalmaşmaz edikalmaşmaz ekwe wouldn't change over | sizalmaşmaz edigizalmaşmaz egizyou all wouldn't change over | alaalmaşmaz edilealmaşmaz ellethey wouldn't change over |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menalmaşırıq edimalmaşırıq emI would have changed over | senalmaşırıq ediŋalmaşırıq eŋyou would have changed over | olalmaşırıq edialmaşırıq edhe would have changed over | bizalmaşırıq edikalmaşırıq ekwe would have changed over | sizalmaşırıq edigizalmaşırıq egizyou all would have changed over | alaalmaşırıq edilealmaşırıq ellethey would have changed over |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menalmaşırıq tül edimalmaşırıq tül emI wouldn't have changed over | senalmaşırıq tül ediŋalmaşırıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have changed over | olalmaşırıq tül edialmaşırıq tül edhe wouldn't have changed over | bizalmaşırıq tül edikalmaşırıq tül ekwe wouldn't have changed over | sizalmaşırıq tül edigizalmaşırıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have changed over | alaalmaşırıq tül edilealmaşırıq tül ellethey wouldn't have changed over |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menalmaşsamif I change over | senalmaşsaŋif you change over | olalmaşsaif he changes over | bizalmaşsaqif we change over | sizalmaşsağızif you all change over | alaalmaşsalaif they change over |
| Conditional | menalmaşmasamif I don't change over | senalmaşmasaŋif you don't change over | olalmaşmasaif he doesn't change over | bizalmaşmasaqif we don't change over | sizalmaşmasağızif you all don't change over | alaalmaşmasalaif they don't change over |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menalmaşa esemif I am changing over | senalmaşa eseŋif you are changing over | olalmaşa eseif he is changing over | bizalmaşa esekif we are changing over | sizalmaşa esegizif you all are changing over | alaalmaşa eseleif they are changing over |
| Conditional, present real | menalmaşmay esemif I am not changing over | senalmaşmay eseŋif you are not changing over | olalmaşmay eseif he is not changing over | bizalmaşmay esekif we are not changing over | sizalmaşmay esegizif you all are not changing over | alaalmaşmay eseleif they are not changing over |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menalmaşsam edialmaşsam edif only I changed over | senalmaşsaŋ edialmaşsaŋ edif only you changed over | olalmaşsa edialmaşsaedif only he changed over | bizalmaşsaq edialmaşsaq edif only we changed over | sizalmaşsağız edialmaşsağız edif only you all changed over | alaalmaşsala edialmaşsalaedif only they changed over |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menalmaşmasam edialmaşmasam edif only I didn't change over | senalmaşmasaŋ edialmaşmasaŋ edif only you didn't change over | olalmaşmasa edialmaşmasaedif only he didn't change over | bizalmaşmasaq edialmaşmasaq edif only we didn't change over | sizalmaşmasağız edialmaşmasağız edif only you all didn't change over | alaalmaşmasala edialmaşmasalaedif only they didn't change over |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menalmaşıb tursamif I carry on changing over | senalmaşıb tursaŋif you carry on changing over | olalmaşıb tursaif he carries on changing over | bizalmaşıb tursaqif we carry on changing over | sizalmaşıb tursağızif you all carry on changing over | alaalmaşıb tursalaif they carry on changing over |
| Durative conditional | menalmaşıb turmasamif I don't carry on changing over | senalmaşıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on changing over | olalmaşıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on changing over | bizalmaşıb turmasaqif we don't carry on changing over | sizalmaşıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on changing over | alaalmaşıb turmasalaif they don't carry on changing over |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menalmaşıb tura esemif I have kept changing over | senalmaşıb tura eseŋif you have kept changing over | olalmaşıb tura eseif he has kept changing over | bizalmaşıb tura esekif we have kept changing over | sizalmaşıb tura esegizif you all have kept changing over | alaalmaşıb tura eseleif they have kept changing over |
| Durative conditional, present real | menalmaşıb turmay esemif I haven't kept changing over | senalmaşıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept changing over | olalmaşıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept changing over | bizalmaşıb turmay esekif we haven't kept changing over | sizalmaşıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept changing over | alaalmaşıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept changing over |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menalmaşa tursamif I keep changing over | senalmaşa tursaŋif you keep changing over | olalmaşa tursaif he keeps changing over | bizalmaşa tursaqif we keep changing over | sizalmaşa tursağızif you all keep changing over | alaalmaşa tursalaif they keep changing over |
| Progressive conditional | menalmaşmay tursamif I keep on not changing over | senalmaşmay tursaŋif you keep on not changing over | olalmaşmay tursaif he keeps on not changing over | bizalmaşmay tursaqif we keep on not changing over | sizalmaşmay tursağızif you all keep on not changing over | alaalmaşmay tursalaif they keep on not changing over |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menalmaşa tura esemif I am in the middle of changing over | senalmaşa tura eseŋif you are in the middle of changing over | olalmaşa tura eseif he is in the middle of changing over | bizalmaşa tura esekif we are in the middle of changing over | sizalmaşa tura esegizif you all are in the middle of changing over | alaalmaşa tura eseleif they are in the middle of changing over |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menalmaşmay tura esemif I keep on not changing over | senalmaşmay tura eseŋif you keep on not changing over | olalmaşmay tura eseif he keeps on not changing over | bizalmaşmay tura esekif we keep on not changing over | sizalmaşmay tura esegizif you all keep on not changing over | alaalmaşmay tura eseleif they keep on not changing over |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menalmaşdım esemif I changed over | senalmaşdıŋ eseŋif you changed over | olalmaşdı eseif he changed over | bizalmaşdıq esekif we changed over | sizalmaşdığız esegizif you all changed over | alaalmaşdıla eseleif they changed over |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menalmaşmadım esemif I didn't change over | senalmaşmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't change over | olalmaşmadı eseif he didn't change over | bizalmaşmadıq esekif we didn't change over | sizalmaşmadığız esegizif you all didn't change over | alaalmaşmadıla eseleif they didn't change over |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menalmaşhan esemif I did change over (indeed) | senalmaşhan eseŋif you did change over (indeed) | olalmaşhan eseif he did change over (indeed) | bizalmaşhan esekif we did change over (indeed) | sizalmaşhan esegizif you all did change over (indeed) | alaalmaşhan eseleif they did change over (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menalmaşmağan esemif I didn't change over (indeed) | senalmaşmağan eseŋif you didn't change over (indeed) | olalmaşmağan eseif he didn't change over (indeed) | bizalmaşmağan esekif we didn't change over (indeed) | sizalmaşmağan esegizif you all didn't change over (indeed) | alaalmaşmağan eseleif they didn't change over (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menalmaşhan bolsamif I had changed over | senalmaşhan bolsaŋif you had changed over | olalmaşhan bolsaif he had changed over | bizalmaşhan bolsaqif we had changed over | sizalmaşhan bolsağızif you all had changed over | alaalmaşhan bolsalaif they had changed over |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menalmaşmağan bolsamif I hadn't changed over | senalmaşmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't changed over | olalmaşmağan bolsaif he hadn't changed over | bizalmaşmağan bolsaqif we hadn't changed over | sizalmaşmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't changed over | alaalmaşmağan bolsalaif they hadn't changed over |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menalmaşhan bolsam edialmaşhan bolsam edif only I had changed over | senalmaşhan bolsaŋ edialmaşhan bolsaŋ edif only you had changed over | olalmaşhan bolsa edialmaşhan bolsaedif only he had changed over | bizalmaşhan bolsaq edialmaşhan bolsaq edif only we had changed over | sizalmaşhan bolsağız edialmaşhan bolsağız edif only you all had changed over | alaalmaşhan bolsala edialmaşhan bolsalaedif only they had changed over |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menalmaşmağan bolsam edialmaşmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't changed over | senalmaşmağan bolsaŋ edialmaşmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't changed over | olalmaşmağan bolsa edialmaşmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't changed over | bizalmaşmağan bolsaq edialmaşmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't changed over | sizalmaşmağan bolsağız edialmaşmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't changed over | alaalmaşmağan bolsala edialmaşmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't changed over |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menalmaşır esemif I will change over | senalmaşır eseŋif you will change over | olalmaşır eseif he will change over | bizalmaşır esekif we will change over | sizalmaşır esegizif you all will change over | alaalmaşır eseleif they will change over |
| Conditional, aorist | menalmaşmaz esemif I won't change over | senalmaşmaz eseŋif you won't change over | olalmaşmaz eseif he won't change over | bizalmaşmaz esekif we won't change over | sizalmaşmaz esegizif you all won't change over | alaalmaşmaz eseleif they won't change over |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menalmaşırıq esemif I am going to change over | senalmaşırıq eseŋif you are going to change over | olalmaşırıq eseif he is going to change over | bizalmaşırıq esekif we are going to change over | sizalmaşırıq esegizif you all are going to change over | alaalmaşırıq eseleif they are going to change over |
| Conditional, future | menalmaşırıq tül esemif I am not going to change over | senalmaşırıq tül eseŋif you are not going to change over | olalmaşırıq tül eseif he is not going to change over | bizalmaşırıq tül esekif we are not going to change over | sizalmaşırıq tül esegizif you all are not going to change over | alaalmaşırıq tül eseleif they are not going to change over |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menalmaşırıq bolsamif I were going to change over | senalmaşırıq bolsaŋif you were going to change over | olalmaşırıq bolsaif he were going to change over | bizalmaşırıq bolsaqif we were going to change over | sizalmaşırıq bolsağızif you all were going to change over | alaalmaşırıq bolsalaif they were going to change over |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menalmaşmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to change over | senalmaşmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to change over | olalmaşmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to change over | bizalmaşmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to change over | sizalmaşmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to change over | alaalmaşmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to change over |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso almaşdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menalmaşa bolurmaI must be changing over | senalmaşa bolursayou must be changing over | olalmaşa bolurhe must be changing over | bizalmaşa bolurbuzwe must be changing over | sizalmaşa bolursuzyou all must be changing over | alaalmaşa bolurlathey must be changing over |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menalmaşmay bolurmaI must not be changing over | senalmaşmay bolursayou must not be changing over | olalmaşmay bolurhe must not be changing over | bizalmaşmay bolurbuzwe must not be changing over | sizalmaşmay bolursuzyou all must not be changing over | alaalmaşmay bolurlathey must not be changing over |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menalmaşa tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of changing over | senalmaşa tura bolursayou must be in the middle of changing over | olalmaşa tura bolurhe must be in the middle of changing over | bizalmaşa tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of changing over | sizalmaşa tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of changing over | alaalmaşa tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of changing over |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menalmaşmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not changing over | senalmaşmay tura bolursayou must keep on not changing over | olalmaşmay tura bolurhe must keep on not changing over | bizalmaşmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not changing over | sizalmaşmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not changing over | alaalmaşmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not changing over |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menalmaşhan bolurmaI must have changed over | senalmaşhan bolursayou must have changed over | olalmaşhan bolurhe must have changed over | bizalmaşhan bolurbuzwe must have changed over | sizalmaşhan bolursuzyou all must have changed over | alaalmaşhan bolurlathey must have changed over |
| Inference (must have) | menalmaşmağan bolurmaI must not have changed over | senalmaşmağan bolursayou must not have changed over | olalmaşmağan bolurhe must not have changed over | bizalmaşmağan bolurbuzwe must not have changed over | sizalmaşmağan bolursuzyou all must not have changed over | alaalmaşmağan bolurlathey must not have changed over |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menalmaşırıq bolurmaI must be going to change over | senalmaşırıq bolursayou must be going to change over | olalmaşırıq bolurhe must be going to change over | bizalmaşırıq bolurbuzwe must be going to change over | sizalmaşırıq bolursuzyou all must be going to change over | alaalmaşırıq bolurlathey must be going to change over |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menalmaşmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to change over | senalmaşmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to change over | olalmaşmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to change over | bizalmaşmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to change over | sizalmaşmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to change over | alaalmaşmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to change over |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menalmaşayımlet me change over | senalmaş!change over! | olalmaşsınlet him change over | bizalmaşayıqlet's change over | sizalmaşığız!change over, you all! | alaalmaşsınlalet them change over |
| Commands & suggestions | menalmaşmayımlet me not change over | senalmaşma!don't change over! | olalmaşmasınlet him not change over | bizalmaşmayıqlet's not change over | sizalmaşmağız!don't change over, you all! | alaalmaşmasınlalet them not change over |
| Commands & suggestions | menalmaşayımmı?shall I change over? | olalmaşsınmı?should he change over? | bizalmaşayıqmı?shall we change over? | alaalmaşsınlamı?should they change over? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menalmaşmayımmı?shall I not change over? | olalmaşmasınmı?should he not change over? | bizalmaşmayıqmı?shall we not change over? | alaalmaşmasınlamı?should they not change over? | ||
| Requests | senalmaşçı2almaşçınplease change over | olalmaşsınçıdo let him change over | sizalmaşçığızplease change over (plural/polite) | alaalmaşsınlaçıdo let them change over | ||
| Requests | senalmaşmaçı2almaşmaçınplease don't change over | olalmaşmasınçıdo let him not change over | sizalmaşmaçığızplease don't change over (plural/polite) | alaalmaşmasınlaçıdo let them not change over | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senalmaşhınalmaşhımay you change over | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senalmaşmağınalmaşmağımay you not change over | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menalmaşhay edim almaşha edimwould that I changed over | senalmaşhay ediŋ almaşha ediŋwould that you changed over | olalmaşhay edi almaşha ediwould that he changed over | bizalmaşhay edik almaşha edikwould that we changed over | sizalmaşhay edigiz almaşha edigizwould that you all changed over | alaalmaşhay edile almaşha edilewould that they changed over |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menalmaşmağay edim almaşmağa edimwould that I did not change over | senalmaşmağay ediŋ almaşmağa ediŋwould that you did not change over | olalmaşmağay edi almaşmağa ediwould that he did not change over | bizalmaşmağay edik almaşmağa edikwould that we did not change over | sizalmaşmağay edigiz almaşmağa edigizwould that you all did not change over | alaalmaşmağay edile almaşmağa edilewould that they did not change over |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menalmaşmağa qoyayımalmaşma qoyayımlet me allow someone to change over | senalmaşmağa qoy!almaşma qoy!let someone change over! | olalmaşmağa qoysunalmaşma qoysunlet him allow someone to change over | bizalmaşmağa qoyayıqalmaşma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to change over | sizalmaşmağa qoyuğuz!almaşma qoyuğuz!let someone change over, you all! | alaalmaşmağa qoysunlaalmaşma qoysunlalet them allow someone to change over |
| Let someone… (commands) | menalmaşmağa qoymayımalmaşma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to change over | senalmaşmağa qoyma!almaşma qoyma!don't let someone change over! | olalmaşmağa qoymasınalmaşma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to change over | bizalmaşmağa qoymayıqalmaşma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to change over | sizalmaşmağa qoymağız!almaşma qoymağız!don't let someone change over, you all! | alaalmaşmağa qoymasınlaalmaşma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to change over |
| Let someone… (commands) | menalmaşmağa qoyayımmı?almaşma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to change over? | olalmaşmağa qoysunmu?almaşma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to change over? | bizalmaşmağa qoyayıqmı?almaşma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to change over? | alaalmaşmağa qoysunlamı?almaşma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to change over? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menalmaşmağa qoymayımmı?almaşma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to change over? | olalmaşmağa qoymasınmı?almaşma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to change over? | bizalmaşmağa qoymayıqmı?almaşma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to change over? | alaalmaşmağa qoymasınlamı?almaşma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to change over? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menalmaşmağa qoyamaalmaşma qoyamaI allow someone to change over | senalmaşmağa qoyasaalmaşma qoyasayou allow someone to change over | olalmaşmağa qoyadıalmaşma qoyadıhe allows someone to change over | bizalmaşmağa qoyabızalmaşma qoyabızwe allow someone to change over | sizalmaşmağa qoyasızalmaşma qoyasızyou all allow someone to change over | alaalmaşmağa qoyadılaalmaşma qoyadılathey allow someone to change over |
| Let someone… (present) | menalmaşmağa qoymaymaalmaşma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to change over | senalmaşmağa qoymaysaalmaşma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to change over | olalmaşmağa qoymaydıalmaşma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to change over | bizalmaşmağa qoymaybızalmaşma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to change over | sizalmaşmağa qoymaysızalmaşma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to change over | alaalmaşmağa qoymaydılaalmaşma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to change over |
| Let someone… (present) | menalmaşmağa qoyamamı?almaşma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to change over? | senalmaşmağa qoyamısa?almaşma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to change over? | olalmaşmağa qoyamıdı?almaşma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to change over? | bizalmaşmağa qoyabızmı?almaşma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to change over? | sizalmaşmağa qoyamısız?almaşma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to change over? | alaalmaşmağa qoyamıdıla?almaşma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to change over? |
| Let someone… (present) | menalmaşmağa qoymaymamı?almaşma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to change over? | senalmaşmağa qoymaymısa?almaşma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to change over? | olalmaşmağa qoymaymıdı?almaşma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to change over? | bizalmaşmağa qoymaybızmı?almaşma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to change over? | sizalmaşmağa qoymaymısız?almaşma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to change over? | alaalmaşmağa qoymaymıdıla?almaşma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to change over? |
| Let someone… (past) | menalmaşmağa qoydumalmaşma qoydumI allowed someone to change over | senalmaşmağa qoyduŋalmaşma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to change over | olalmaşmağa qoydualmaşma qoyduhe allowed someone to change over | bizalmaşmağa qoyduqalmaşma qoyduqwe allowed someone to change over | sizalmaşmağa qoyduğuzalmaşma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to change over | alaalmaşmağa qoydulaalmaşma qoydulathey allowed someone to change over |
| Let someone… (past) | menalmaşmağa qoymadımalmaşma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to change over | senalmaşmağa qoymadıŋalmaşma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to change over | olalmaşmağa qoymadıalmaşma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to change over | bizalmaşmağa qoymadıqalmaşma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to change over | sizalmaşmağa qoymadığızalmaşma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to change over | alaalmaşmağa qoymadılaalmaşma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to change over |
| Let someone… (past) | menalmaşmağa qoydummu?almaşma qoydummu?did I allow someone to change over? | senalmaşmağa qoyduŋmu?almaşma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to change over? | olalmaşmağa qoydumu?almaşma qoydumu?did he allow someone to change over? | bizalmaşmağa qoyduqmu?almaşma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to change over? | sizalmaşmağa qoyduğuzmu?almaşma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to change over? | alaalmaşmağa qoydulamı?almaşma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to change over? |
| Let someone… (past) | menalmaşmağa qoymadımmı?almaşma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to change over? | senalmaşmağa qoymadıŋmı?almaşma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to change over? | olalmaşmağa qoymadımı?almaşma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to change over? | bizalmaşmağa qoymadıqmı?almaşma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to change over? | sizalmaşmağa qoymadığızmı?almaşma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to change over? | alaalmaşmağa qoymadılamı?almaşma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to change over? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
almaşalırğa be able to change over · almaşalmazğa be unable to change over
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menalmaşalamaI can change over | senalmaşalasayou can change over | olalmaşaladıhe can change over | bizalmaşalabızwe can change over | sizalmaşalasızyou all can change over | alaalmaşaladılathey can change over |
| Ability — present | menalmaşalmaymaI can't change over | senalmaşalmaysayou can't change over | olalmaşalmaydıhe can't change over | bizalmaşalmaybızwe can't change over | sizalmaşalmaysızyou all can't change over | alaalmaşalmaydılathey can't change over |
| Ability — present | menalmaşalamamı? almaşalamıma?can I change over? | senalmaşalamısa?can you change over? | olalmaşalamıdı?can he change over? | bizalmaşalabızmı? almaşalamıbız?can we change over? | sizalmaşalamısız?can you all change over? | alaalmaşalamıdıla?can they change over? |
| Ability — present | menalmaşalmaymamı? almaşalmaymıma?can't I change over? | senalmaşalmaymısa?can't you change over? | olalmaşalmaymıdı?can't he change over? | bizalmaşalmaybızmı? almaşalmaymıbız?can't we change over? | sizalmaşalmaymısız?can't you all change over? | alaalmaşalmaymıdıla?can't they change over? |
| Ability — if I can… | menalmaşalsamif I can change over | senalmaşalsaŋif you can change over | olalmaşalsaif he can change over | bizalmaşalsaqif we can change over | sizalmaşalsağızif you all can change over | alaalmaşalsalaif they can change over |
| Ability — if I can… | menalmaşalmasamif I can't change over | senalmaşalmasaŋif you can't change over | olalmaşalmasaif he can't change over | bizalmaşalmasaqif we can't change over | sizalmaşalmasağızif you all can't change over | alaalmaşalmasalaif they can't change over |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menalmaşaldımI was able to change over | senalmaşaldıŋyou were able to change over | olalmaşaldıhe was able to change over | bizalmaşaldıqwe were able to change over | sizalmaşaldığızyou all were able to change over | alaalmaşaldılathey were able to change over |
| Ability — simple past | menalmaşalmadımI could not change over | senalmaşalmadıŋyou could not change over | olalmaşalmadıhe could not change over | bizalmaşalmadıqwe could not change over | sizalmaşalmadığızyou all could not change over | alaalmaşalmadılathey could not change over |
| Ability — simple past | menalmaşaldımmı?was I able to change over? | senalmaşaldıŋmı?were you able to change over? | olalmaşaldımı?was he able to change over? | bizalmaşaldıqmı?were we able to change over? | sizalmaşaldığızmı?were you all able to change over? | alaalmaşaldılamı?were they able to change over? |
| Ability — simple past | menalmaşalmadımmı?couldn't I change over? | senalmaşalmadıŋmı?couldn't you change over? | olalmaşalmadımı?couldn't he change over? | bizalmaşalmadıqmı?couldn't we change over? | sizalmaşalmadığızmı?couldn't you all change over? | alaalmaşalmadılamı?couldn't they change over? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menalmaşalğanmaI have been able to change over | senalmaşalğansayou have been able to change over | olalmaşalğandıhe has been able to change over | bizalmaşalğanbızwe have been able to change over | sizalmaşalğansızyou all have been able to change over | alaalmaşalğandılathey have been able to change over |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menalmaşalmağanmaI haven't been able to change over | senalmaşalmağansayou haven't been able to change over | olalmaşalmağandıhe hasn't been able to change over | bizalmaşalmağanbızwe haven't been able to change over | sizalmaşalmağansızyou all haven't been able to change over | alaalmaşalmağandılathey haven't been able to change over |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menalmaşalğanmamı? almaşalğanmıma?have I been able to change over? | senalmaşalğanmısa?have you been able to change over? | olalmaşalğanmıdı?has he been able to change over? | bizalmaşalğanbızmı? almaşalğanmıbız?have we been able to change over? | sizalmaşalğanmısız?have you all been able to change over? | alaalmaşalğanmıdıla?have they been able to change over? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menalmaşalmağanmamı? almaşalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to change over? | senalmaşalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to change over? | olalmaşalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to change over? | bizalmaşalmağanbızmı? almaşalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to change over? | sizalmaşalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to change over? | alaalmaşalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to change over? |
| Ability — past perfect | menalmaşalğan edimalmaşalğanemI had been able to change over | senalmaşalğan ediŋalmaşalğaneŋyou had been able to change over | olalmaşalğan edialmaşalğanedhe had been able to change over | bizalmaşalğan edikalmaşalğanekwe had been able to change over | sizalmaşalğan edigizalmaşalğanegizyou all had been able to change over | alaalmaşalğan edilealmaşalğanellethey had been able to change over |
| Ability — past perfect | menalmaşalmağan edimalmaşalmağanemI hadn't been able to change over | senalmaşalmağan ediŋalmaşalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to change over | olalmaşalmağan edialmaşalmağanedhe hadn't been able to change over | bizalmaşalmağan edikalmaşalmağanekwe hadn't been able to change over | sizalmaşalmağan edigizalmaşalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to change over | alaalmaşalmağan edilealmaşalmağanellethey hadn't been able to change over |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menalmaşala edimalmaşalaemI could change over | senalmaşala ediŋalmaşalaeŋyou could change over | olalmaşala edialmaşalaedhe could change over | bizalmaşala edikalmaşalaekwe could change over | sizalmaşala edigizalmaşalaegizyou all could change over | alaalmaşala edilealmaşalaellethey could change over |
| Ability — past background | menalmaşalmay edimalmaşalmayemI could not change over | senalmaşalmay ediŋalmaşalmayeŋyou could not change over | olalmaşalmay edialmaşalmayedhe could not change over | bizalmaşalmay edikalmaşalmayekwe could not change over | sizalmaşalmay edigizalmaşalmayegizyou all could not change over | alaalmaşalmay edilealmaşalmayellethey could not change over |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menalmaşalırmaI will be able to change over | senalmaşalırsayou will be able to change over | olalmaşalırhe will be able to change over | bizalmaşalırbızwe will be able to change over | sizalmaşalırsızyou all will be able to change over | alaalmaşalırlathey will be able to change over |
| Ability — future I | menalmaşalmazmaI won't be able to change over | senalmaşalmazsayou won't be able to change over | olalmaşalmazhe won't be able to change over | bizalmaşalmazbızwe won't be able to change over | sizalmaşalmazsızyou all won't be able to change over | alaalmaşalmazlathey won't be able to change over |
| Ability — future I | menalmaşalırmamı? almaşalırmıma?will I be able to change over? | senalmaşalırmısa?will you be able to change over? | olalmaşalırmı?will he be able to change over? | bizalmaşalırbızmı? almaşalırmıbız?will we be able to change over? | sizalmaşalırmısız?will you all be able to change over? | alaalmaşalırlamı? almaşalırmıla?will they be able to change over? |
| Ability — future I | menalmaşalmazmamı? almaşalmazmıma?won't I be able to change over? | senalmaşalmazmısa?won't you be able to change over? | olalmaşalmazmı?won't he be able to change over? | bizalmaşalmazbızmı? almaşalmazmıbız?won't we be able to change over? | sizalmaşalmazmısız?won't you all be able to change over? | alaalmaşalmazlamı? almaşalmazmıla?won't they be able to change over? |
| Ability — future II | menalmaşallıqmaI am going to be able to change over | senalmaşallıqsayou are going to be able to change over | olalmaşallıqdıhe is going to be able to change over | bizalmaşallıqbızwe are going to be able to change over | sizalmaşallıqsızyou all are going to be able to change over | alaalmaşallıqdılathey are going to be able to change over |
| Ability — future II | menalmaşallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to change over | senalmaşallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to change over | olalmaşallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to change over | bizalmaşallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to change over | sizalmaşallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to change over | alaalmaşallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to change over |
| Ability — future II | menalmaşallıqmamı? almaşallıqmıma?am I going to be able to change over? | senalmaşallıqmısa?are you going to be able to change over? | olalmaşallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to change over? | bizalmaşallıqbızmı? almaşallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to change over? | sizalmaşallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to change over? | alaalmaşallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to change over? |
| Ability — future II | menalmaşallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to change over? | senalmaşallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to change over? | olalmaşallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to change over? | bizalmaşallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to change over? | sizalmaşallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to change over? | alaalmaşallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to change over? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menalmaşalır edimalmaşalır emI would be able to change over | senalmaşalır ediŋalmaşalır eŋyou would be able to change over | olalmaşalır edialmaşalır edhe would be able to change over | bizalmaşalır edikalmaşalır ekwe would be able to change over | sizalmaşalır edigizalmaşalır egizyou all would be able to change over | alaalmaşalır edilealmaşalır ellethey would be able to change over |
| Ability — would be able to… | menalmaşalmaz edimalmaşalmaz emI wouldn't be able to change over | senalmaşalmaz ediŋalmaşalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to change over | olalmaşalmaz edialmaşalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to change over | bizalmaşalmaz edikalmaşalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to change over | sizalmaşalmaz edigizalmaşalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to change over | alaalmaşalmaz edilealmaşalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to change over |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senalmaşalğınalmaşalğımay you be able to change over | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senalmaşalmağınalmaşalmağımay you not be able to change over | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menalmaşırğa izleymeI want to change over | senalmaşırğa izleyseyou want to change over | olalmaşırğa izleydihe wants to change over | bizalmaşırğa izleybizwe want to change over | sizalmaşırğa izleysizyou all want to change over | alaalmaşırğa izleydilethey want to change over |
| want to | menalmaşırğa izlemeymeI do not want to change over | senalmaşırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to change over | olalmaşırğa izlemeydihe does not want to change over | bizalmaşırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to change over | sizalmaşırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to change over | alaalmaşırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to change over |
| would like to | menalmaşırğa süemeI would like to change over | senalmaşırğa süeseyou would like to change over | olalmaşırğa süedihe would like to change over | bizalmaşırğa süebizwe would like to change over | sizalmaşırğa süesizyou all would like to change over | alaalmaşırğa süedilethey would like to change over |
| would like to | menalmaşırğa süymeymeI would not like to change over | senalmaşırğa süymeyseyou would not like to change over | olalmaşırğa süymeydihe would not like to change over | bizalmaşırğa süymeybizwe would not like to change over | sizalmaşırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to change over | alaalmaşırğa süymeydilethey would not like to change over |
| hope to | menalmaşırğa umutlanamaI hope to change over | senalmaşırğa umutlanasayou hope to change over | olalmaşırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to change over | bizalmaşırğa umutlanabızwe hope to change over | sizalmaşırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to change over | alaalmaşırğa umutlanadılathey hope to change over |
| hope to | menalmaşırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to change over | senalmaşırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to change over | olalmaşırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to change over | bizalmaşırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to change over | sizalmaşırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to change over | alaalmaşırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to change over |
| be about to | menalmaşırğa deb turamaI am about to change over | senalmaşırğa deb turasayou are about to change over | olalmaşırğa deb turadıhe is about to change over | bizalmaşırğa deb turabızwe are about to change over | sizalmaşırğa deb turasızyou all are about to change over | alaalmaşırğa deb turadılathey are about to change over |
| be about to | menalmaşırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to change over | senalmaşırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to change over | olalmaşırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to change over | bizalmaşırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to change over | sizalmaşırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to change over | alaalmaşırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to change over |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menalmaşırğa kerekmeI need to change over | senalmaşırğa kerekseyou need to change over | olalmaşırğa kerekdihe needs to change over | bizalmaşırğa kerekbizwe need to change over | sizalmaşırğa kereksizyou all need to change over | alaalmaşırğa kerekdilethey need to change over |
| need to | menalmaşırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to change over | senalmaşırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to change over | olalmaşırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to change over | bizalmaşırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to change over | sizalmaşırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to change over | alaalmaşırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to change over |
| have to | menmenŋe almaşırğa tüşediI have to change over | sensenŋe almaşırğa tüşediyou have to change over | olaŋa almaşırğa tüşedihe has to change over | bizbizge almaşırğa tüşediwe have to change over | sizsizge almaşırğa tüşediyou all have to change over | alaalağa almaşırğa tüşedithey have to change over |
| have to | menmenŋe almaşırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to change over | sensenŋe almaşırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to change over | olaŋa almaşırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to change over | bizbizge almaşırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to change over | sizsizge almaşırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to change over | alaalağa almaşırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to change over |
| be obliged to | menalmaşırğa borçlumaI am obliged to change over | senalmaşırğa borçlusayou are obliged to change over | olalmaşırğa borçluduhe is obliged to change over | bizalmaşırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to change over | sizalmaşırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to change over | alaalmaşırğa borçludulathey are obliged to change over |
| be obliged to | menalmaşırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to change over | senalmaşırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to change over | olalmaşırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to change over | bizalmaşırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to change over | sizalmaşırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to change over | alaalmaşırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to change over |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menalmaşırğa madarım bardıI have a way to change over | senalmaşırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to change over | olalmaşırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to change over | bizalmaşırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to change over | sizalmaşırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to change over | alaalmaşırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to change over |
| have a way to | menalmaşırğa madarım joqduI have no way to change over | senalmaşırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to change over | olalmaşırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to change over | bizalmaşırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to change over | sizalmaşırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to change over | alaalmaşırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to change over |
| be free to | menalmaşırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to change over | senalmaşırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to change over | olalmaşırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to change over | bizalmaşırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to change over | sizalmaşırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to change over | alaalmaşırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to change over |
| be free to | menalmaşırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to change over | senalmaşırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to change over | olalmaşırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to change over | bizalmaşırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to change over | sizalmaşırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to change over | alaalmaşırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to change over |
| be possible to | menmenŋe almaşırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to change over | sensenŋe almaşırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to change over | olaŋa almaşırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to change over | bizbizge almaşırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to change over | sizsizge almaşırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to change over | alaalağa almaşırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to change over |
| be possible to | menmenŋe almaşırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to change over | sensenŋe almaşırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to change over | olaŋa almaşırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to change over | bizbizge almaşırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to change over | sizsizge almaşırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to change over | alaalağa almaşırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to change over |
| be ready to | menalmaşırğa hazırmaI am ready to change over | senalmaşırğa hazırsayou are ready to change over | olalmaşırğa hazırdıhe is ready to change over | bizalmaşırğa hazırbızwe are ready to change over | sizalmaşırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to change over | alaalmaşırğa hazırdılathey are ready to change over |
| be ready to | menalmaşırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to change over | senalmaşırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to change over | olalmaşırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to change over | bizalmaşırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to change over | sizalmaşırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to change over | alaalmaşırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to change over |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menalmaşırğa küreşemeI am trying to change over | senalmaşırğa küreşeseyou are trying to change over | olalmaşırğa küreşedihe is trying to change over | bizalmaşırğa küreşebizwe are trying to change over | sizalmaşırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to change over | alaalmaşırğa küreşedilethey are trying to change over |
| try to | menalmaşırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to change over | senalmaşırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to change over | olalmaşırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to change over | bizalmaşırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to change over | sizalmaşırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to change over | alaalmaşırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to change over |
| agree to | menalmaşırğa unaymaI agree to change over | senalmaşırğa unaysayou agree to change over | olalmaşırğa unaydıhe agrees to change over | bizalmaşırğa unaybızwe agree to change over | sizalmaşırğa unaysızyou all agree to change over | alaalmaşırğa unaydılathey agree to change over |
| agree to | menalmaşırğa unamaymaI refuse to change over | senalmaşırğa unamaysayou refuse to change over | olalmaşırğa unamaydıhe refuses to change over | bizalmaşırğa unamaybızwe refuse to change over | sizalmaşırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to change over | alaalmaşırğa unamaydılathey refuse to change over |
| hurry to | menalmaşırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to change over | senalmaşırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to change over | olalmaşırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to change over | bizalmaşırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to change over | sizalmaşırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to change over | alaalmaşırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to change over |
| hurry to | menalmaşırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to change over | senalmaşırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to change over | olalmaşırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to change over | bizalmaşırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to change over | sizalmaşırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to change over | alaalmaşırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to change over |
| be afraid to | menalmaşırğa qorqamaI am afraid to change over | senalmaşırğa qorqasayou are afraid to change over | olalmaşırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to change over | bizalmaşırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to change over | sizalmaşırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to change over | alaalmaşırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to change over |
| be afraid to | menalmaşırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to change over | senalmaşırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to change over | olalmaşırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to change over | bizalmaşırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to change over | sizalmaşırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to change over | alaalmaşırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to change over |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menalmaşa bolmazmaI can't be changing over | senalmaşa bolmazsayou can't be changing over | olalmaşa bolmazhe can't be changing over | bizalmaşa bolmazbızwe can't be changing over | sizalmaşa bolmazsızyou all can't be changing over | alaalmaşa bolmazlathey can't be changing over |
| Inference, present — double negation | menalmaşmay bolmazmaI must be changing over (emphatic) | senalmaşmay bolmazsayou must be changing over (emphatic) | olalmaşmay bolmazhe must be changing over (emphatic) | bizalmaşmay bolmazbızwe must be changing over (emphatic) | sizalmaşmay bolmazsızyou all must be changing over (emphatic) | alaalmaşmay bolmazlathey must be changing over (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menalmaşa turmasamif I don't keep changing over | senalmaşa turmasaŋif you don't keep changing over | olalmaşa turmasaif he doesn't keep changing over | bizalmaşa turmasaqif we don't keep changing over | sizalmaşa turmasağızif you all don't keep changing over | alaalmaşa turmasalaif they don't keep changing over |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menalmaşa tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of changing over | senalmaşa tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of changing over | olalmaşa tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of changing over | bizalmaşa tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of changing over | sizalmaşa tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of changing over | alaalmaşa tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of changing over |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menalmaşmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not changing over (emphatic) | senalmaşmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not changing over (emphatic) | olalmaşmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not changing over (emphatic) | bizalmaşmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not changing over (emphatic) | sizalmaşmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not changing over (emphatic) | alaalmaşmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not changing over (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menalmaşmay turamaI keep on not changing over | senalmaşmay turasayou keep on not changing over | olalmaşmay turadıhe keeps on not changing over | bizalmaşmay turabızwe keep on not changing over | sizalmaşmay turasızyou all keep on not changing over | alaalmaşmay turadılathey keep on not changing over |
| Progressive — double negation | menalmaşmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not changing over | senalmaşmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not changing over | olalmaşmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not changing over | bizalmaşmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not changing over | sizalmaşmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not changing over | alaalmaşmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not changing over |
| Progressive — double negation | menalmaşmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not changing over? | senalmaşmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not changing over? | olalmaşmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not changing over? | bizalmaşmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not changing over? | sizalmaşmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not changing over? | alaalmaşmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not changing over? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menalmaşhan bolmazmaI can't have changed over | senalmaşhan bolmazsayou can't have changed over | olalmaşhan bolmazhe can't have changed over | bizalmaşhan bolmazbızwe can't have changed over | sizalmaşhan bolmazsızyou all can't have changed over | alaalmaşhan bolmazlathey can't have changed over |
| Inference — double negation | menalmaşmağan bolmazmaI must have changed over (emphatic) | senalmaşmağan bolmazsayou must have changed over (emphatic) | olalmaşmağan bolmazhe must have changed over (emphatic) | bizalmaşmağan bolmazbızwe must have changed over (emphatic) | sizalmaşmağan bolmazsızyou all must have changed over (emphatic) | alaalmaşmağan bolmazlathey must have changed over (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menalmaşhan bolmasamif it weren't that I had changed over | senalmaşhan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had changed over | olalmaşhan bolmasaif it weren't that he had changed over | bizalmaşhan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had changed over | sizalmaşhan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had changed over | alaalmaşhan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had changed over |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menalmaşmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't changed over | senalmaşmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't changed over | olalmaşmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't changed over | bizalmaşmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't changed over | sizalmaşmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't changed over | alaalmaşmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't changed over |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menalmaşırıq bolmazmaI can't be going to change over | senalmaşırıq bolmazsayou can't be going to change over | olalmaşırıq bolmazhe can't be going to change over | bizalmaşırıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to change over | sizalmaşırıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to change over | alaalmaşırıq bolmazlathey can't be going to change over |
| Inference, future — double negation | menalmaşmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to change over (emphatic) | senalmaşmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to change over (emphatic) | olalmaşmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to change over (emphatic) | bizalmaşmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to change over (emphatic) | sizalmaşmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to change over (emphatic) | alaalmaşmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to change over (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menalmaşırıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to change over | senalmaşırıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to change over | olalmaşırıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to change over | bizalmaşırıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to change over | sizalmaşırıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to change over | alaalmaşırıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to change over |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menalmaşmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to change over | senalmaşmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to change over | olalmaşmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to change over | bizalmaşmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to change over | sizalmaşmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to change over | alaalmaşmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to change over |