aşaw
/aʃaw/ · plural aşawla
verbal noun of aşarğa →
1. eating, taking food
- marda bla aşaw — eating in moderation
- iŋirde aşaw — eating in the evening
- saw tabaqnı aşaw — eating a whole plateful
- aşawları hayuança — their eating is like a beast's
2. food, a meal
- aşaw köbdü — there is a lot of food
- aşaw az boldu — the food was scarce
- işlesek, bardı aşaw — if we work, there is food
3. fodder, feed
- bal çibinlege aşaw salabız — we put out feed for the bees
- malğa aşaw saldıla — they put out feed for the cattle
- börüge aşaw — prey for the wolf
4. fertilizer, soil dressing — Guzeev 2013 lists this as a separate homonym, the second aşaw. one source
- mineral aşaw — mineral fertilizer
- aşawu az jer — land poor in fertilizer
- küzlükge aşaw beriw — top-dressing the winter crops
- aşawu bolmağan jer — depleted soil
5. benefit, profit, gain — Can also mean wealth or income. Tenishev and Suyunchev 1989 marks this sense as Karachay.
- senŋe aşaw tüşdü — a profit has come to you
- alağa aşaw tabıldı — a profit turned up for them
- dinni aşawğa burur — he will turn religion into profit
6. something that feeds or sustains an activity; material, source one source
- fahmuğa aşaw bergen eki zat — two things that give nourishment to talent
7. pension, allowance, maintenance — Tenishev and Suyunchev 1989 marks this sense as Karachay.
- mollağa aşaw kerekdi — the mullah needs his allowance
- aşawun aladı — he draws his allowance
- aşaw tölerge — to pay maintenance
Expressions
- aşaw bolurğa — be at someone's mercy
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | aşawthe eating | aşawummy eating | aşawuŋyour eating | aşawuhis eating | aşawubuzour eating | aşawuğuzyou all's eating | aşawlarıtheir eatings |
| Genitive | aşawnuthe eating's | aşawumumy eating's | aşawuŋuyour eating's | aşawunuhis eating's | aşawubuznuour eating's | aşawuğuznuyou all's eating's | aşawlarınıtheir eatings' |
| Accusative | aşawnuthe eating (as the object) | aşawumumy eating (as the object) | aşawuŋuyour eating (as the object) | aşawunhis eating (as the object) | aşawubuznuour eating (as the object) | aşawuğuznuyou all's eating (as the object) | aşawlarıntheir eatings (as the object) |
| Dative | aşawğato the eating | aşawumato my eating | aşawuŋato your eating | aşawunato his eating | aşawubuzğato our eating | aşawuğuzğato you all's eating | aşawlarınato their eatings |
| Locative | aşawdain / at the eating | aşawumdain / at my eating | aşawuŋdain / at your eating | aşawundain / at his eating | aşawubuzdain / at our eating | aşawuğuzdain / at you all's eating | aşawlarındain / at their eatings |
| Ablative | aşawdanfrom the eating | aşawumdanfrom my eating | aşawuŋdanfrom your eating | aşawundanfrom his eating | aşawubuzdanfrom our eating | aşawuğuzdanfrom you all's eating | aşawlarındanfrom their eatings |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | aşawlathe eatings | aşawlarımmy eatings | aşawlarıŋyour eatings | aşawlarıhis eatings | aşawlarıbızour eatings | aşawlarığızyou all's eatings | aşawlarıtheir eatings |
| Genitive | aşawlanıthe eatings' | aşawlarımımy eatings' | aşawlarıŋıyour eatings' | aşawlarınıhis eatings' | aşawlarıbıznıour eatings' | aşawlarığıznıyou all's eatings' | aşawlarınıtheir eatings' |
| Accusative | aşawlanıthe eatings (as the object) | aşawlarımımy eatings (as the object) | aşawlarıŋıyour eatings (as the object) | aşawlarınhis eatings (as the object) | aşawlarıbıznıour eatings (as the object) | aşawlarığıznıyou all's eatings (as the object) | aşawlarıntheir eatings (as the object) |
| Dative | aşawlağato the eatings | aşawlarımato my eatings | aşawlarıŋato your eatings | aşawlarınato his eatings | aşawlarıbızğato our eatings | aşawlarığızğato you all's eatings | aşawlarınato their eatings |
| Locative | aşawladain / at the eatings | aşawlarımdain / at my eatings | aşawlarıŋdain / at your eatings | aşawlarındain / at his eatings | aşawlarıbızdain / at our eatings | aşawlarığızdain / at you all's eatings | aşawlarındain / at their eatings |
| Ablative | aşawladanfrom the eatings | aşawlarımdanfrom my eatings | aşawlarıŋdanfrom your eatings | aşawlarındanfrom his eatings | aşawlarıbızdanfrom our eatings | aşawlarığızdanfrom you all's eatings | aşawlarındanfrom their eatings |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: aşawları can mean "his / her eatings", "their eating", or "their eatings" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.