açarğa
/atʃarʁa/
1. open, uncover, unfold, unwrap, unlock, unfasten
- eşikni açarğa — to open the door
- kiritni açarğa — to unlock the lock
- awuzun açıb qarab qaldı — he stood staring with his mouth open
- ornuŋu aç da jat — spread out your bed and lie down
- qanatlanı keŋŋe aç — spread your wings wide
2. unseal, unpack, uncork, cut open
- şışanı açarğa — to uncork the bottle
- için açarğa — to cut it open, to dissect it
3. found, establish, open (an institution, business, or facility)
- muzey açarğa — to found a museum
- şkol açarğa — to open a school
- tükenni açarğa — to open the shop
4. turn on, start (water, gas, or a device)
- suwnu açarğa — to turn on the water
- gaznı açarğa — to turn on the gas
- radionu açarğa — to turn on the radio
5. open, begin, declare (an event, contest, war, or quarrel)
- jıyılıwnu açarğa — to open a meeting
- jıyılıwnu kim açadı? — who is opening the meeting?
- qazawat açarğa — to start a war, to declare war
- sezdni açarğa — to open a congress
6. open up, clear (a way); make possible
- jol açarğa — to open up a way
- Qaraçay jazıwçulağa keŋ jol açadı — it opens a broad path for Karachay writers
- halqğa erkin jaşaw açarğa — to open the way to a free life for the people
7. reveal, disclose, expose, unmask one source
- amanlıqnı açarğa — to uncover a crime
- ötürügün açarğa — to expose someone's lie
- kemlikleni açarğa — to expose the shortcomings
8. discover, find out by investigation
- alimle jaŋı julduz açdıla — scientists discovered a new star
Expressions
- aman awuz açarğa — speak ill omen
- aman awuz açma — speak ill omens
- amerikanı açarğa — state the obvious
- awuz açarğa — ask for a girl's hand; break the fast
Conjugation
Common forms
- açadıhe is opening
- açdıhe opened
- açhandıhe has opened
- açarhe will open
- açarıqdıhe is going to open
- aça edihe was opening
- açsaif he opens
- aç!open!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menaçamaI am opening | senaçasayou are opening | olaçadıhe is opening | bizaçabızwe are opening | sizaçasızyou all are opening | alaaçadılathey are opening |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menaçmaymaI am not opening | senaçmaysayou are not opening | olaçmaydıhe is not opening | bizaçmaybızwe are not opening | sizaçmaysızyou all are not opening | alaaçmaydılathey are not opening |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menaçamamı? açamıma?am I opening? | senaçamısa?are you opening? | olaçamıdı?is he opening? | bizaçabızmı? açamıbız?are we opening? | sizaçamısız?are you all opening? | alaaçamıdıla?are they opening? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menaçmaymamı? açmaymıma?aren't I opening? | senaçmaymısa?aren't you opening? | olaçmaymıdı?isn't he opening? | bizaçmaybızmı? açmaymıbız?aren't we opening? | sizaçmaymısız?aren't you all opening? | alaaçmaymıdıla?aren't they opening? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menaçıwçanmaI usually open | senaçıwçansayou usually open | olaçıwçandıhe usually opens | bizaçıwçanbızwe usually open | sizaçıwçansızyou all usually open | alaaçıwçandılathey usually open |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menaçmawçanmaI usually don't open | senaçmawçansayou usually don't open | olaçmawçandıhe usually doesn't open | bizaçmawçanbızwe usually don't open | sizaçmawçansızyou all usually don't open | alaaçmawçandılathey usually don't open |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menaçıwçanmamı? açıwçanmıma?do I usually open? | senaçıwçanmısa?do you usually open? | olaçıwçanmıdı?does he usually open? | bizaçıwçanbızmı? açıwçanmıbız?do we usually open? | sizaçıwçanmısız?do you all usually open? | alaaçıwçanmıdıla?do they usually open? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menaçmawçanmamı? açmawçanmıma?do I usually not open? | senaçmawçanmısa?do you usually not open? | olaçmawçanmıdı?does he usually not open? | bizaçmawçanbızmı? açmawçanmıbız?do we usually not open? | sizaçmawçanmısız?do you all usually not open? | alaaçmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not open? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olaçıbdıhe has opened and remains so | alaaçıbdılathey have opened and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olaçıbmıdı?has he opened? | alaaçıbmıdıla?have they opened? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menaçıb turamaI keep opening | senaçıb turasayou keep opening | olaçıb turadıhe keeps opening | bizaçıb turabızwe keep opening | sizaçıb turasızyou all keep opening | alaaçıb turadılathey keep opening |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menaçıb turmaymaI don't keep opening | senaçıb turmaysayou don't keep opening | olaçıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep opening | bizaçıb turmaybızwe don't keep opening | sizaçıb turmaysızyou all don't keep opening | alaaçıb turmaydılathey don't keep opening |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menaçıb turamamı? açıb turamıma?do I keep opening? | senaçıb turamısa?do you keep opening? | olaçıb turamıdı?does he keep opening? | bizaçıb turabızmı? açıb turamıbız?do we keep opening? | sizaçıb turamısız?do you all keep opening? | alaaçıb turamıdıla?do they keep opening? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menaçıb turmaymamı? açıb turmaymıma?don't I keep opening? | senaçıb turmaymısa?don't you keep opening? | olaçıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep opening? | bizaçıb turmaybızmı? açıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep opening? | sizaçıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep opening? | alaaçıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep opening? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menaça turamaI am in the middle of opening | senaça turasayou are in the middle of opening | olaça turadıhe is in the middle of opening | bizaça turabızwe are in the middle of opening | sizaça turasızyou all are in the middle of opening | alaaça turadılathey are in the middle of opening |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menaça turmaymaI am not in the middle of opening | senaça turmaysayou are not in the middle of opening | olaça turmaydıhe is not in the middle of opening | bizaça turmaybızwe are not in the middle of opening | sizaça turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of opening | alaaça turmaydılathey are not in the middle of opening |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menaça turamamı? aça turamıma?am I in the middle of opening? | senaça turamısa?are you in the middle of opening? | olaça turamıdı?is he in the middle of opening? | bizaça turabızmı? aça turamıbız?are we in the middle of opening? | sizaça turamısız?are you all in the middle of opening? | alaaça turamıdıla?are they in the middle of opening? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menaça turmaymamı? aça turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of opening? | senaça turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of opening? | olaça turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of opening? | bizaça turmaybızmı? aça turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of opening? | sizaça turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of opening? | alaaça turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of opening? |
| Simple past (definite) | menaçdımI opened | senaçdıŋyou opened | olaçdıhe opened | bizaçdıqwe opened | sizaçdığızyou all opened | alaaçdılathey opened |
| Simple past (definite) | menaçmadımI didn't open | senaçmadıŋyou didn't open | olaçmadıhe didn't open | bizaçmadıqwe didn't open | sizaçmadığızyou all didn't open | alaaçmadılathey didn't open |
| Simple past (definite) | menaçdımmı?did I open? | senaçdıŋmı?did you open? | olaçdımı?did he open? | bizaçdıqmı?did we open? | sizaçdığızmı?did you all open? | alaaçdılamı?did they open? |
| Simple past (definite) | menaçmadımmı?didn't I open? | senaçmadıŋmı?didn't you open? | olaçmadımı?didn't he open? | bizaçmadıqmı?didn't we open? | sizaçmadığızmı?didn't you all open? | alaaçmadılamı?didn't they open? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menaçhanmaI have opened | senaçhansayou have opened | olaçhandıhe has opened | bizaçhanbızwe have opened | sizaçhansızyou all have opened | alaaçhandılathey have opened |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menaçmağanmaI haven't opened | senaçmağansayou haven't opened | olaçmağandıhe hasn't opened | bizaçmağanbızwe haven't opened | sizaçmağansızyou all haven't opened | alaaçmağandılathey haven't opened |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menaçhanmamı? açhanmıma?have I opened? | senaçhanmısa?have you opened? | olaçhanmıdı?has he opened? | bizaçhanbızmı? açhanmıbız?have we opened? | sizaçhanmısız?have you all opened? | alaaçhanmıdıla?have they opened? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menaçmağanmamı? açmağanmıma?haven't I opened? | senaçmağanmısa?haven't you opened? | olaçmağanmıdı?hasn't he opened? | bizaçmağanbızmı? açmağanmıbız?haven't we opened? | sizaçmağanmısız?haven't you all opened? | alaaçmağanmıdıla?haven't they opened? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menaçıb turdumI kept opening | senaçıb turduŋyou kept opening | olaçıb turduhe kept opening | bizaçıb turduqwe kept opening | sizaçıb turduğuzyou all kept opening | alaaçıb turdulathey kept opening |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menaçıb turmadımI didn't keep opening | senaçıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep opening | olaçıb turmadıhe didn't keep opening | bizaçıb turmadıqwe didn't keep opening | sizaçıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep opening | alaaçıb turmadılathey didn't keep opening |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menaçarmaI will open | senaçarsayou will open | olaçarhe will open | bizaçarbızwe will open | sizaçarsızyou all will open | alaaçarlathey will open |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menaçmazmaI won't open | senaçmazsayou won't open | olaçmazhe won't open | bizaçmazbızwe won't open | sizaçmazsızyou all won't open | alaaçmazlathey won't open |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menaçarmamı? açarmıma?will I open? | senaçarmısa?will you open? | olaçarmı?will he open? | bizaçarbızmı? açarmıbız?will we open? | sizaçarmısız?will you all open? | alaaçarlamı? açarmıla?will they open? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menaçmazmamı? açmazmıma?won't I open? | senaçmazmısa?won't you open? | olaçmazmı?won't he open? | bizaçmazbızmı? açmazmıbız?won't we open? | sizaçmazmısız?won't you all open? | alaaçmazlamı? açmazmıla?won't they open? |
| Definite future (future II) | menaçarıqmaI am going to open | senaçarıqsayou are going to open | olaçarıqdıhe is going to open | bizaçarıqbızwe are going to open | sizaçarıqsızyou all are going to open | alaaçarıqdılathey are going to open |
| Definite future (future II) | menaçarıq tülmeI am not going to open | senaçarıq tülseyou are not going to open | olaçarıq tüldühe is not going to open | bizaçarıq tülbüzwe are not going to open | sizaçarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to open | alaaçarıq tüldülethey are not going to open |
| Definite future (future II) | menaçarıqmamı? açarıqmıma?am I going to open? | senaçarıqmısa?are you going to open? | olaçarıqmıdı?is he going to open? | bizaçarıqbızmı? açarıqmıbız?are we going to open? | sizaçarıqmısız?are you all going to open? | alaaçarıqmıdıla?are they going to open? |
| Definite future (future II) | menaçarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to open? | senaçarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to open? | olaçarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to open? | bizaçarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to open? | sizaçarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to open? | alaaçarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to open? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menaçhan edimaçhanemI had opened | senaçhan ediŋaçhaneŋyou had opened | olaçhan ediaçhanedhe had opened | bizaçhan edikaçhanekwe had opened | sizaçhan edigizaçhanegizyou all had opened | alaaçhan edileaçhanellethey had opened |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menaçmağan edimaçmağanemI hadn't opened | senaçmağan ediŋaçmağaneŋyou hadn't opened | olaçmağan ediaçmağanedhe hadn't opened | bizaçmağan edikaçmağanekwe hadn't opened | sizaçmağan edigizaçmağanegizyou all hadn't opened | alaaçmağan edileaçmağanellethey hadn't opened |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menaça edimaçaemI was opening | senaça ediŋaçaeŋyou were opening | olaça ediaçaedhe was opening | bizaça edikaçaekwe were opening | sizaça edigizaçaegizyou all were opening | alaaça edileaçaellethey were opening |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menaçmay edimaçmayemI wasn't opening | senaçmay ediŋaçmayeŋyou weren't opening | olaçmay ediaçmayedhe wasn't opening | bizaçmay edikaçmayekwe weren't opening | sizaçmay edigizaçmayegizyou all weren't opening | alaaçmay edileaçmayellethey weren't opening |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menaçıwçan edimaçıwçanemI used to open | senaçıwçan ediŋaçıwçaneŋyou used to open | olaçıwçan ediaçıwçanedhe used to open | bizaçıwçan edikaçıwçanekwe used to open | sizaçıwçan edigizaçıwçanegizyou all used to open | alaaçıwçan edileaçıwçanellethey used to open |
| Habitual past (used to) | menaçmawçan edimaçmawçanemI didn't use to open | senaçmawçan ediŋaçmawçaneŋyou didn't use to open | olaçmawçan ediaçmawçanedhe didn't use to open | bizaçmawçan edikaçmawçanekwe didn't use to open | sizaçmawçan edigizaçmawçanegizyou all didn't use to open | alaaçmawçan edileaçmawçanellethey didn't use to open |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olaçıb edihe had opened and remained so | alaaçıb edilethey had opened and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olaçıb tül edihe hadn't opened | alaaçıb tül edilethey hadn't opened | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menaçıb tura edimaçıb turaemI had kept opening | senaçıb tura ediŋaçıb turaeŋyou had kept opening | olaçıb tura ediaçıb turaedhe had kept opening | bizaçıb tura edikaçıb turaekwe had kept opening | sizaçıb tura edigizaçıb turaegizyou all had kept opening | alaaçıb tura edileaçıb turaellethey had kept opening |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menaçıb turmay edimaçıb turmayemI hadn't kept opening | senaçıb turmay ediŋaçıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept opening | olaçıb turmay ediaçıb turmayedhe hadn't kept opening | bizaçıb turmay edikaçıb turmayekwe hadn't kept opening | sizaçıb turmay edigizaçıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept opening | alaaçıb turmay edileaçıb turmayellethey hadn't kept opening |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menaça tura edimaça turaemI was in the middle of opening | senaça tura ediŋaça turaeŋyou were in the middle of opening | olaça tura ediaça turaedhe was in the middle of opening | bizaça tura edikaça turaekwe were in the middle of opening | sizaça tura edigizaça turaegizyou all were in the middle of opening | alaaça tura edileaça turaellethey were in the middle of opening |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menaça turmay edimaça turmayemI wasn't in the middle of opening | senaça turmay ediŋaça turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of opening | olaça turmay ediaça turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of opening | bizaça turmay edikaça turmayekwe weren't in the middle of opening | sizaça turmay edigizaça turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of opening | alaaça turmay edileaça turmayellethey weren't in the middle of opening |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menaçar edimaçar emI would open | senaçar ediŋaçar eŋyou would open | olaçar ediaçar edhe would open | bizaçar edikaçar ekwe would open | sizaçar edigizaçar egizyou all would open | alaaçar edileaçar ellethey would open |
| Conditional result (would) | menaçmaz edimaçmaz emI wouldn't open | senaçmaz ediŋaçmaz eŋyou wouldn't open | olaçmaz ediaçmaz edhe wouldn't open | bizaçmaz edikaçmaz ekwe wouldn't open | sizaçmaz edigizaçmaz egizyou all wouldn't open | alaaçmaz edileaçmaz ellethey wouldn't open |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menaçarıq edimaçarıq emI would have opened | senaçarıq ediŋaçarıq eŋyou would have opened | olaçarıq ediaçarıq edhe would have opened | bizaçarıq edikaçarıq ekwe would have opened | sizaçarıq edigizaçarıq egizyou all would have opened | alaaçarıq edileaçarıq ellethey would have opened |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menaçarıq tül edimaçarıq tül emI wouldn't have opened | senaçarıq tül ediŋaçarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have opened | olaçarıq tül ediaçarıq tül edhe wouldn't have opened | bizaçarıq tül edikaçarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have opened | sizaçarıq tül edigizaçarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have opened | alaaçarıq tül edileaçarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have opened |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menaçsamif I open | senaçsaŋif you open | olaçsaif he opens | bizaçsaqif we open | sizaçsağızif you all open | alaaçsalaif they open |
| Conditional | menaçmasamif I don't open | senaçmasaŋif you don't open | olaçmasaif he doesn't open | bizaçmasaqif we don't open | sizaçmasağızif you all don't open | alaaçmasalaif they don't open |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menaça esemif I am opening | senaça eseŋif you are opening | olaça eseif he is opening | bizaça esekif we are opening | sizaça esegizif you all are opening | alaaça eseleif they are opening |
| Conditional, present real | menaçmay esemif I am not opening | senaçmay eseŋif you are not opening | olaçmay eseif he is not opening | bizaçmay esekif we are not opening | sizaçmay esegizif you all are not opening | alaaçmay eseleif they are not opening |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menaçsam ediaçsam edif only I opened | senaçsaŋ ediaçsaŋ edif only you opened | olaçsa ediaçsaedif only he opened | bizaçsaq ediaçsaq edif only we opened | sizaçsağız ediaçsağız edif only you all opened | alaaçsala ediaçsalaedif only they opened |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menaçmasam ediaçmasam edif only I didn't open | senaçmasaŋ ediaçmasaŋ edif only you didn't open | olaçmasa ediaçmasaedif only he didn't open | bizaçmasaq ediaçmasaq edif only we didn't open | sizaçmasağız ediaçmasağız edif only you all didn't open | alaaçmasala ediaçmasalaedif only they didn't open |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menaçıb tursamif I carry on opening | senaçıb tursaŋif you carry on opening | olaçıb tursaif he carries on opening | bizaçıb tursaqif we carry on opening | sizaçıb tursağızif you all carry on opening | alaaçıb tursalaif they carry on opening |
| Durative conditional | menaçıb turmasamif I don't carry on opening | senaçıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on opening | olaçıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on opening | bizaçıb turmasaqif we don't carry on opening | sizaçıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on opening | alaaçıb turmasalaif they don't carry on opening |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menaçıb tura esemif I have kept opening | senaçıb tura eseŋif you have kept opening | olaçıb tura eseif he has kept opening | bizaçıb tura esekif we have kept opening | sizaçıb tura esegizif you all have kept opening | alaaçıb tura eseleif they have kept opening |
| Durative conditional, present real | menaçıb turmay esemif I haven't kept opening | senaçıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept opening | olaçıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept opening | bizaçıb turmay esekif we haven't kept opening | sizaçıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept opening | alaaçıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept opening |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menaça tursamif I keep opening | senaça tursaŋif you keep opening | olaça tursaif he keeps opening | bizaça tursaqif we keep opening | sizaça tursağızif you all keep opening | alaaça tursalaif they keep opening |
| Progressive conditional | menaçmay tursamif I keep on not opening | senaçmay tursaŋif you keep on not opening | olaçmay tursaif he keeps on not opening | bizaçmay tursaqif we keep on not opening | sizaçmay tursağızif you all keep on not opening | alaaçmay tursalaif they keep on not opening |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menaça tura esemif I am in the middle of opening | senaça tura eseŋif you are in the middle of opening | olaça tura eseif he is in the middle of opening | bizaça tura esekif we are in the middle of opening | sizaça tura esegizif you all are in the middle of opening | alaaça tura eseleif they are in the middle of opening |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menaçmay tura esemif I keep on not opening | senaçmay tura eseŋif you keep on not opening | olaçmay tura eseif he keeps on not opening | bizaçmay tura esekif we keep on not opening | sizaçmay tura esegizif you all keep on not opening | alaaçmay tura eseleif they keep on not opening |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menaçdım esemif I opened | senaçdıŋ eseŋif you opened | olaçdı eseif he opened | bizaçdıq esekif we opened | sizaçdığız esegizif you all opened | alaaçdıla eseleif they opened |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menaçmadım esemif I didn't open | senaçmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't open | olaçmadı eseif he didn't open | bizaçmadıq esekif we didn't open | sizaçmadığız esegizif you all didn't open | alaaçmadıla eseleif they didn't open |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menaçhan esemif I did open (indeed) | senaçhan eseŋif you did open (indeed) | olaçhan eseif he did open (indeed) | bizaçhan esekif we did open (indeed) | sizaçhan esegizif you all did open (indeed) | alaaçhan eseleif they did open (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menaçmağan esemif I didn't open (indeed) | senaçmağan eseŋif you didn't open (indeed) | olaçmağan eseif he didn't open (indeed) | bizaçmağan esekif we didn't open (indeed) | sizaçmağan esegizif you all didn't open (indeed) | alaaçmağan eseleif they didn't open (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menaçhan bolsamif I had opened | senaçhan bolsaŋif you had opened | olaçhan bolsaif he had opened | bizaçhan bolsaqif we had opened | sizaçhan bolsağızif you all had opened | alaaçhan bolsalaif they had opened |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menaçmağan bolsamif I hadn't opened | senaçmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't opened | olaçmağan bolsaif he hadn't opened | bizaçmağan bolsaqif we hadn't opened | sizaçmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't opened | alaaçmağan bolsalaif they hadn't opened |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menaçhan bolsam ediaçhan bolsam edif only I had opened | senaçhan bolsaŋ ediaçhan bolsaŋ edif only you had opened | olaçhan bolsa ediaçhan bolsaedif only he had opened | bizaçhan bolsaq ediaçhan bolsaq edif only we had opened | sizaçhan bolsağız ediaçhan bolsağız edif only you all had opened | alaaçhan bolsala ediaçhan bolsalaedif only they had opened |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menaçmağan bolsam ediaçmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't opened | senaçmağan bolsaŋ ediaçmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't opened | olaçmağan bolsa ediaçmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't opened | bizaçmağan bolsaq ediaçmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't opened | sizaçmağan bolsağız ediaçmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't opened | alaaçmağan bolsala ediaçmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't opened |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menaçar esemif I will open | senaçar eseŋif you will open | olaçar eseif he will open | bizaçar esekif we will open | sizaçar esegizif you all will open | alaaçar eseleif they will open |
| Conditional, aorist | menaçmaz esemif I won't open | senaçmaz eseŋif you won't open | olaçmaz eseif he won't open | bizaçmaz esekif we won't open | sizaçmaz esegizif you all won't open | alaaçmaz eseleif they won't open |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menaçarıq esemif I am going to open | senaçarıq eseŋif you are going to open | olaçarıq eseif he is going to open | bizaçarıq esekif we are going to open | sizaçarıq esegizif you all are going to open | alaaçarıq eseleif they are going to open |
| Conditional, future | menaçarıq tül esemif I am not going to open | senaçarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to open | olaçarıq tül eseif he is not going to open | bizaçarıq tül esekif we are not going to open | sizaçarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to open | alaaçarıq tül eseleif they are not going to open |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menaçarıq bolsamif I were going to open | senaçarıq bolsaŋif you were going to open | olaçarıq bolsaif he were going to open | bizaçarıq bolsaqif we were going to open | sizaçarıq bolsağızif you all were going to open | alaaçarıq bolsalaif they were going to open |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menaçmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to open | senaçmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to open | olaçmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to open | bizaçmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to open | sizaçmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to open | alaaçmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to open |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso açdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menaça bolurmaI must be opening | senaça bolursayou must be opening | olaça bolurhe must be opening | bizaça bolurbuzwe must be opening | sizaça bolursuzyou all must be opening | alaaça bolurlathey must be opening |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menaçmay bolurmaI must not be opening | senaçmay bolursayou must not be opening | olaçmay bolurhe must not be opening | bizaçmay bolurbuzwe must not be opening | sizaçmay bolursuzyou all must not be opening | alaaçmay bolurlathey must not be opening |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menaça tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of opening | senaça tura bolursayou must be in the middle of opening | olaça tura bolurhe must be in the middle of opening | bizaça tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of opening | sizaça tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of opening | alaaça tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of opening |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menaçmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not opening | senaçmay tura bolursayou must keep on not opening | olaçmay tura bolurhe must keep on not opening | bizaçmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not opening | sizaçmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not opening | alaaçmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not opening |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menaçhan bolurmaI must have opened | senaçhan bolursayou must have opened | olaçhan bolurhe must have opened | bizaçhan bolurbuzwe must have opened | sizaçhan bolursuzyou all must have opened | alaaçhan bolurlathey must have opened |
| Inference (must have) | menaçmağan bolurmaI must not have opened | senaçmağan bolursayou must not have opened | olaçmağan bolurhe must not have opened | bizaçmağan bolurbuzwe must not have opened | sizaçmağan bolursuzyou all must not have opened | alaaçmağan bolurlathey must not have opened |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menaçarıq bolurmaI must be going to open | senaçarıq bolursayou must be going to open | olaçarıq bolurhe must be going to open | bizaçarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to open | sizaçarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to open | alaaçarıq bolurlathey must be going to open |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menaçmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to open | senaçmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to open | olaçmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to open | bizaçmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to open | sizaçmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to open | alaaçmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to open |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menaçayımlet me open | senaç!open! | olaçsınlet him open | bizaçayıqlet's open | sizaçığız!open, you all! | alaaçsınlalet them open |
| Commands & suggestions | menaçmayımlet me not open | senaçma!don't open! | olaçmasınlet him not open | bizaçmayıqlet's not open | sizaçmağız!don't open, you all! | alaaçmasınlalet them not open |
| Commands & suggestions | menaçayımmı?shall I open? | olaçsınmı?should he open? | bizaçayıqmı?shall we open? | alaaçsınlamı?should they open? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menaçmayımmı?shall I not open? | olaçmasınmı?should he not open? | bizaçmayıqmı?shall we not open? | alaaçmasınlamı?should they not open? | ||
| Requests | senaççı2aççınplease open | olaçsınçıdo let him open | sizaççığızplease open (plural/polite) | alaaçsınlaçıdo let them open | ||
| Requests | senaçmaçı2açmaçınplease don't open | olaçmasınçıdo let him not open | sizaçmaçığızplease don't open (plural/polite) | alaaçmasınlaçıdo let them not open | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senaçhınaçhımay you open | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senaçmağınaçmağımay you not open | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menaçhay edim açha edimwould that I opened | senaçhay ediŋ açha ediŋwould that you opened | olaçhay edi açha ediwould that he opened | bizaçhay edik açha edikwould that we opened | sizaçhay edigiz açha edigizwould that you all opened | alaaçhay edile açha edilewould that they opened |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menaçmağay edim açmağa edimwould that I did not open | senaçmağay ediŋ açmağa ediŋwould that you did not open | olaçmağay edi açmağa ediwould that he did not open | bizaçmağay edik açmağa edikwould that we did not open | sizaçmağay edigiz açmağa edigizwould that you all did not open | alaaçmağay edile açmağa edilewould that they did not open |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menaçmağa qoyayımaçma qoyayımlet me allow someone to open | senaçmağa qoy!açma qoy!let someone open! | olaçmağa qoysunaçma qoysunlet him allow someone to open | bizaçmağa qoyayıqaçma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to open | sizaçmağa qoyuğuz!açma qoyuğuz!let someone open, you all! | alaaçmağa qoysunlaaçma qoysunlalet them allow someone to open |
| Let someone… (commands) | menaçmağa qoymayımaçma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to open | senaçmağa qoyma!açma qoyma!don't let someone open! | olaçmağa qoymasınaçma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to open | bizaçmağa qoymayıqaçma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to open | sizaçmağa qoymağız!açma qoymağız!don't let someone open, you all! | alaaçmağa qoymasınlaaçma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to open |
| Let someone… (commands) | menaçmağa qoyayımmı?açma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to open? | olaçmağa qoysunmu?açma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to open? | bizaçmağa qoyayıqmı?açma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to open? | alaaçmağa qoysunlamı?açma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to open? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menaçmağa qoymayımmı?açma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to open? | olaçmağa qoymasınmı?açma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to open? | bizaçmağa qoymayıqmı?açma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to open? | alaaçmağa qoymasınlamı?açma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to open? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menaçmağa qoyamaaçma qoyamaI allow someone to open | senaçmağa qoyasaaçma qoyasayou allow someone to open | olaçmağa qoyadıaçma qoyadıhe allows someone to open | bizaçmağa qoyabızaçma qoyabızwe allow someone to open | sizaçmağa qoyasızaçma qoyasızyou all allow someone to open | alaaçmağa qoyadılaaçma qoyadılathey allow someone to open |
| Let someone… (present) | menaçmağa qoymaymaaçma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to open | senaçmağa qoymaysaaçma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to open | olaçmağa qoymaydıaçma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to open | bizaçmağa qoymaybızaçma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to open | sizaçmağa qoymaysızaçma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to open | alaaçmağa qoymaydılaaçma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to open |
| Let someone… (present) | menaçmağa qoyamamı?açma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to open? | senaçmağa qoyamısa?açma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to open? | olaçmağa qoyamıdı?açma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to open? | bizaçmağa qoyabızmı?açma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to open? | sizaçmağa qoyamısız?açma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to open? | alaaçmağa qoyamıdıla?açma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to open? |
| Let someone… (present) | menaçmağa qoymaymamı?açma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to open? | senaçmağa qoymaymısa?açma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to open? | olaçmağa qoymaymıdı?açma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to open? | bizaçmağa qoymaybızmı?açma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to open? | sizaçmağa qoymaymısız?açma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to open? | alaaçmağa qoymaymıdıla?açma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to open? |
| Let someone… (past) | menaçmağa qoydumaçma qoydumI allowed someone to open | senaçmağa qoyduŋaçma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to open | olaçmağa qoyduaçma qoyduhe allowed someone to open | bizaçmağa qoyduqaçma qoyduqwe allowed someone to open | sizaçmağa qoyduğuzaçma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to open | alaaçmağa qoydulaaçma qoydulathey allowed someone to open |
| Let someone… (past) | menaçmağa qoymadımaçma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to open | senaçmağa qoymadıŋaçma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to open | olaçmağa qoymadıaçma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to open | bizaçmağa qoymadıqaçma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to open | sizaçmağa qoymadığızaçma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to open | alaaçmağa qoymadılaaçma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to open |
| Let someone… (past) | menaçmağa qoydummu?açma qoydummu?did I allow someone to open? | senaçmağa qoyduŋmu?açma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to open? | olaçmağa qoydumu?açma qoydumu?did he allow someone to open? | bizaçmağa qoyduqmu?açma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to open? | sizaçmağa qoyduğuzmu?açma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to open? | alaaçmağa qoydulamı?açma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to open? |
| Let someone… (past) | menaçmağa qoymadımmı?açma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to open? | senaçmağa qoymadıŋmı?açma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to open? | olaçmağa qoymadımı?açma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to open? | bizaçmağa qoymadıqmı?açma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to open? | sizaçmağa qoymadığızmı?açma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to open? | alaaçmağa qoymadılamı?açma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to open? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
açalırğa be able to open · açalmazğa be unable to open
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menaçalamaI can open | senaçalasayou can open | olaçaladıhe can open | bizaçalabızwe can open | sizaçalasızyou all can open | alaaçaladılathey can open |
| Ability — present | menaçalmaymaI can't open | senaçalmaysayou can't open | olaçalmaydıhe can't open | bizaçalmaybızwe can't open | sizaçalmaysızyou all can't open | alaaçalmaydılathey can't open |
| Ability — present | menaçalamamı? açalamıma?can I open? | senaçalamısa?can you open? | olaçalamıdı?can he open? | bizaçalabızmı? açalamıbız?can we open? | sizaçalamısız?can you all open? | alaaçalamıdıla?can they open? |
| Ability — present | menaçalmaymamı? açalmaymıma?can't I open? | senaçalmaymısa?can't you open? | olaçalmaymıdı?can't he open? | bizaçalmaybızmı? açalmaymıbız?can't we open? | sizaçalmaymısız?can't you all open? | alaaçalmaymıdıla?can't they open? |
| Ability — if I can… | menaçalsamif I can open | senaçalsaŋif you can open | olaçalsaif he can open | bizaçalsaqif we can open | sizaçalsağızif you all can open | alaaçalsalaif they can open |
| Ability — if I can… | menaçalmasamif I can't open | senaçalmasaŋif you can't open | olaçalmasaif he can't open | bizaçalmasaqif we can't open | sizaçalmasağızif you all can't open | alaaçalmasalaif they can't open |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menaçaldımI was able to open | senaçaldıŋyou were able to open | olaçaldıhe was able to open | bizaçaldıqwe were able to open | sizaçaldığızyou all were able to open | alaaçaldılathey were able to open |
| Ability — simple past | menaçalmadımI could not open | senaçalmadıŋyou could not open | olaçalmadıhe could not open | bizaçalmadıqwe could not open | sizaçalmadığızyou all could not open | alaaçalmadılathey could not open |
| Ability — simple past | menaçaldımmı?was I able to open? | senaçaldıŋmı?were you able to open? | olaçaldımı?was he able to open? | bizaçaldıqmı?were we able to open? | sizaçaldığızmı?were you all able to open? | alaaçaldılamı?were they able to open? |
| Ability — simple past | menaçalmadımmı?couldn't I open? | senaçalmadıŋmı?couldn't you open? | olaçalmadımı?couldn't he open? | bizaçalmadıqmı?couldn't we open? | sizaçalmadığızmı?couldn't you all open? | alaaçalmadılamı?couldn't they open? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menaçalğanmaI have been able to open | senaçalğansayou have been able to open | olaçalğandıhe has been able to open | bizaçalğanbızwe have been able to open | sizaçalğansızyou all have been able to open | alaaçalğandılathey have been able to open |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menaçalmağanmaI haven't been able to open | senaçalmağansayou haven't been able to open | olaçalmağandıhe hasn't been able to open | bizaçalmağanbızwe haven't been able to open | sizaçalmağansızyou all haven't been able to open | alaaçalmağandılathey haven't been able to open |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menaçalğanmamı? açalğanmıma?have I been able to open? | senaçalğanmısa?have you been able to open? | olaçalğanmıdı?has he been able to open? | bizaçalğanbızmı? açalğanmıbız?have we been able to open? | sizaçalğanmısız?have you all been able to open? | alaaçalğanmıdıla?have they been able to open? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menaçalmağanmamı? açalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to open? | senaçalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to open? | olaçalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to open? | bizaçalmağanbızmı? açalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to open? | sizaçalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to open? | alaaçalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to open? |
| Ability — past perfect | menaçalğan edimaçalğanemI had been able to open | senaçalğan ediŋaçalğaneŋyou had been able to open | olaçalğan ediaçalğanedhe had been able to open | bizaçalğan edikaçalğanekwe had been able to open | sizaçalğan edigizaçalğanegizyou all had been able to open | alaaçalğan edileaçalğanellethey had been able to open |
| Ability — past perfect | menaçalmağan edimaçalmağanemI hadn't been able to open | senaçalmağan ediŋaçalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to open | olaçalmağan ediaçalmağanedhe hadn't been able to open | bizaçalmağan edikaçalmağanekwe hadn't been able to open | sizaçalmağan edigizaçalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to open | alaaçalmağan edileaçalmağanellethey hadn't been able to open |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menaçala edimaçalaemI could open | senaçala ediŋaçalaeŋyou could open | olaçala ediaçalaedhe could open | bizaçala edikaçalaekwe could open | sizaçala edigizaçalaegizyou all could open | alaaçala edileaçalaellethey could open |
| Ability — past background | menaçalmay edimaçalmayemI could not open | senaçalmay ediŋaçalmayeŋyou could not open | olaçalmay ediaçalmayedhe could not open | bizaçalmay edikaçalmayekwe could not open | sizaçalmay edigizaçalmayegizyou all could not open | alaaçalmay edileaçalmayellethey could not open |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menaçalırmaI will be able to open | senaçalırsayou will be able to open | olaçalırhe will be able to open | bizaçalırbızwe will be able to open | sizaçalırsızyou all will be able to open | alaaçalırlathey will be able to open |
| Ability — future I | menaçalmazmaI won't be able to open | senaçalmazsayou won't be able to open | olaçalmazhe won't be able to open | bizaçalmazbızwe won't be able to open | sizaçalmazsızyou all won't be able to open | alaaçalmazlathey won't be able to open |
| Ability — future I | menaçalırmamı? açalırmıma?will I be able to open? | senaçalırmısa?will you be able to open? | olaçalırmı?will he be able to open? | bizaçalırbızmı? açalırmıbız?will we be able to open? | sizaçalırmısız?will you all be able to open? | alaaçalırlamı? açalırmıla?will they be able to open? |
| Ability — future I | menaçalmazmamı? açalmazmıma?won't I be able to open? | senaçalmazmısa?won't you be able to open? | olaçalmazmı?won't he be able to open? | bizaçalmazbızmı? açalmazmıbız?won't we be able to open? | sizaçalmazmısız?won't you all be able to open? | alaaçalmazlamı? açalmazmıla?won't they be able to open? |
| Ability — future II | menaçallıqmaI am going to be able to open | senaçallıqsayou are going to be able to open | olaçallıqdıhe is going to be able to open | bizaçallıqbızwe are going to be able to open | sizaçallıqsızyou all are going to be able to open | alaaçallıqdılathey are going to be able to open |
| Ability — future II | menaçallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to open | senaçallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to open | olaçallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to open | bizaçallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to open | sizaçallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to open | alaaçallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to open |
| Ability — future II | menaçallıqmamı? açallıqmıma?am I going to be able to open? | senaçallıqmısa?are you going to be able to open? | olaçallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to open? | bizaçallıqbızmı? açallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to open? | sizaçallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to open? | alaaçallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to open? |
| Ability — future II | menaçallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to open? | senaçallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to open? | olaçallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to open? | bizaçallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to open? | sizaçallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to open? | alaaçallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to open? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menaçalır edimaçalır emI would be able to open | senaçalır ediŋaçalır eŋyou would be able to open | olaçalır ediaçalır edhe would be able to open | bizaçalır edikaçalır ekwe would be able to open | sizaçalır edigizaçalır egizyou all would be able to open | alaaçalır edileaçalır ellethey would be able to open |
| Ability — would be able to… | menaçalmaz edimaçalmaz emI wouldn't be able to open | senaçalmaz ediŋaçalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to open | olaçalmaz ediaçalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to open | bizaçalmaz edikaçalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to open | sizaçalmaz edigizaçalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to open | alaaçalmaz edileaçalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to open |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senaçalğınaçalğımay you be able to open | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senaçalmağınaçalmağımay you not be able to open | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menaçarğa izleymeI want to open | senaçarğa izleyseyou want to open | olaçarğa izleydihe wants to open | bizaçarğa izleybizwe want to open | sizaçarğa izleysizyou all want to open | alaaçarğa izleydilethey want to open |
| want to | menaçarğa izlemeymeI do not want to open | senaçarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to open | olaçarğa izlemeydihe does not want to open | bizaçarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to open | sizaçarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to open | alaaçarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to open |
| would like to | menaçarğa süemeI would like to open | senaçarğa süeseyou would like to open | olaçarğa süedihe would like to open | bizaçarğa süebizwe would like to open | sizaçarğa süesizyou all would like to open | alaaçarğa süedilethey would like to open |
| would like to | menaçarğa süymeymeI would not like to open | senaçarğa süymeyseyou would not like to open | olaçarğa süymeydihe would not like to open | bizaçarğa süymeybizwe would not like to open | sizaçarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to open | alaaçarğa süymeydilethey would not like to open |
| hope to | menaçarğa umutlanamaI hope to open | senaçarğa umutlanasayou hope to open | olaçarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to open | bizaçarğa umutlanabızwe hope to open | sizaçarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to open | alaaçarğa umutlanadılathey hope to open |
| hope to | menaçarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to open | senaçarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to open | olaçarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to open | bizaçarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to open | sizaçarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to open | alaaçarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to open |
| be about to | menaçarğa deb turamaI am about to open | senaçarğa deb turasayou are about to open | olaçarğa deb turadıhe is about to open | bizaçarğa deb turabızwe are about to open | sizaçarğa deb turasızyou all are about to open | alaaçarğa deb turadılathey are about to open |
| be about to | menaçarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to open | senaçarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to open | olaçarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to open | bizaçarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to open | sizaçarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to open | alaaçarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to open |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menaçarğa kerekmeI need to open | senaçarğa kerekseyou need to open | olaçarğa kerekdihe needs to open | bizaçarğa kerekbizwe need to open | sizaçarğa kereksizyou all need to open | alaaçarğa kerekdilethey need to open |
| need to | menaçarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to open | senaçarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to open | olaçarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to open | bizaçarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to open | sizaçarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to open | alaaçarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to open |
| have to | menmenŋe açarğa tüşediI have to open | sensenŋe açarğa tüşediyou have to open | olaŋa açarğa tüşedihe has to open | bizbizge açarğa tüşediwe have to open | sizsizge açarğa tüşediyou all have to open | alaalağa açarğa tüşedithey have to open |
| have to | menmenŋe açarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to open | sensenŋe açarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to open | olaŋa açarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to open | bizbizge açarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to open | sizsizge açarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to open | alaalağa açarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to open |
| be obliged to | menaçarğa borçlumaI am obliged to open | senaçarğa borçlusayou are obliged to open | olaçarğa borçluduhe is obliged to open | bizaçarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to open | sizaçarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to open | alaaçarğa borçludulathey are obliged to open |
| be obliged to | menaçarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to open | senaçarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to open | olaçarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to open | bizaçarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to open | sizaçarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to open | alaaçarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to open |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menaçarğa madarım bardıI have a way to open | senaçarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to open | olaçarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to open | bizaçarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to open | sizaçarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to open | alaaçarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to open |
| have a way to | menaçarğa madarım joqduI have no way to open | senaçarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to open | olaçarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to open | bizaçarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to open | sizaçarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to open | alaaçarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to open |
| be free to | menaçarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to open | senaçarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to open | olaçarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to open | bizaçarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to open | sizaçarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to open | alaaçarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to open |
| be free to | menaçarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to open | senaçarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to open | olaçarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to open | bizaçarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to open | sizaçarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to open | alaaçarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to open |
| be possible to | menmenŋe açarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to open | sensenŋe açarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to open | olaŋa açarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to open | bizbizge açarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to open | sizsizge açarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to open | alaalağa açarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to open |
| be possible to | menmenŋe açarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to open | sensenŋe açarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to open | olaŋa açarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to open | bizbizge açarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to open | sizsizge açarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to open | alaalağa açarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to open |
| be ready to | menaçarğa hazırmaI am ready to open | senaçarğa hazırsayou are ready to open | olaçarğa hazırdıhe is ready to open | bizaçarğa hazırbızwe are ready to open | sizaçarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to open | alaaçarğa hazırdılathey are ready to open |
| be ready to | menaçarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to open | senaçarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to open | olaçarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to open | bizaçarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to open | sizaçarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to open | alaaçarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to open |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menaçarğa küreşemeI am trying to open | senaçarğa küreşeseyou are trying to open | olaçarğa küreşedihe is trying to open | bizaçarğa küreşebizwe are trying to open | sizaçarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to open | alaaçarğa küreşedilethey are trying to open |
| try to | menaçarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to open | senaçarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to open | olaçarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to open | bizaçarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to open | sizaçarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to open | alaaçarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to open |
| agree to | menaçarğa unaymaI agree to open | senaçarğa unaysayou agree to open | olaçarğa unaydıhe agrees to open | bizaçarğa unaybızwe agree to open | sizaçarğa unaysızyou all agree to open | alaaçarğa unaydılathey agree to open |
| agree to | menaçarğa unamaymaI refuse to open | senaçarğa unamaysayou refuse to open | olaçarğa unamaydıhe refuses to open | bizaçarğa unamaybızwe refuse to open | sizaçarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to open | alaaçarğa unamaydılathey refuse to open |
| hurry to | menaçarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to open | senaçarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to open | olaçarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to open | bizaçarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to open | sizaçarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to open | alaaçarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to open |
| hurry to | menaçarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to open | senaçarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to open | olaçarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to open | bizaçarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to open | sizaçarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to open | alaaçarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to open |
| be afraid to | menaçarğa qorqamaI am afraid to open | senaçarğa qorqasayou are afraid to open | olaçarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to open | bizaçarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to open | sizaçarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to open | alaaçarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to open |
| be afraid to | menaçarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to open | senaçarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to open | olaçarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to open | bizaçarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to open | sizaçarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to open | alaaçarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to open |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menaça bolmazmaI can't be opening | senaça bolmazsayou can't be opening | olaça bolmazhe can't be opening | bizaça bolmazbızwe can't be opening | sizaça bolmazsızyou all can't be opening | alaaça bolmazlathey can't be opening |
| Inference, present — double negation | menaçmay bolmazmaI must be opening (emphatic) | senaçmay bolmazsayou must be opening (emphatic) | olaçmay bolmazhe must be opening (emphatic) | bizaçmay bolmazbızwe must be opening (emphatic) | sizaçmay bolmazsızyou all must be opening (emphatic) | alaaçmay bolmazlathey must be opening (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menaça turmasamif I don't keep opening | senaça turmasaŋif you don't keep opening | olaça turmasaif he doesn't keep opening | bizaça turmasaqif we don't keep opening | sizaça turmasağızif you all don't keep opening | alaaça turmasalaif they don't keep opening |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menaça tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of opening | senaça tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of opening | olaça tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of opening | bizaça tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of opening | sizaça tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of opening | alaaça tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of opening |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menaçmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not opening (emphatic) | senaçmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not opening (emphatic) | olaçmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not opening (emphatic) | bizaçmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not opening (emphatic) | sizaçmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not opening (emphatic) | alaaçmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not opening (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menaçmay turamaI keep on not opening | senaçmay turasayou keep on not opening | olaçmay turadıhe keeps on not opening | bizaçmay turabızwe keep on not opening | sizaçmay turasızyou all keep on not opening | alaaçmay turadılathey keep on not opening |
| Progressive — double negation | menaçmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not opening | senaçmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not opening | olaçmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not opening | bizaçmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not opening | sizaçmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not opening | alaaçmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not opening |
| Progressive — double negation | menaçmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not opening? | senaçmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not opening? | olaçmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not opening? | bizaçmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not opening? | sizaçmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not opening? | alaaçmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not opening? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menaçhan bolmazmaI can't have opened | senaçhan bolmazsayou can't have opened | olaçhan bolmazhe can't have opened | bizaçhan bolmazbızwe can't have opened | sizaçhan bolmazsızyou all can't have opened | alaaçhan bolmazlathey can't have opened |
| Inference — double negation | menaçmağan bolmazmaI must have opened (emphatic) | senaçmağan bolmazsayou must have opened (emphatic) | olaçmağan bolmazhe must have opened (emphatic) | bizaçmağan bolmazbızwe must have opened (emphatic) | sizaçmağan bolmazsızyou all must have opened (emphatic) | alaaçmağan bolmazlathey must have opened (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menaçhan bolmasamif it weren't that I had opened | senaçhan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had opened | olaçhan bolmasaif it weren't that he had opened | bizaçhan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had opened | sizaçhan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had opened | alaaçhan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had opened |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menaçmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't opened | senaçmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't opened | olaçmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't opened | bizaçmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't opened | sizaçmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't opened | alaaçmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't opened |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menaçarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to open | senaçarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to open | olaçarıq bolmazhe can't be going to open | bizaçarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to open | sizaçarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to open | alaaçarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to open |
| Inference, future — double negation | menaçmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to open (emphatic) | senaçmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to open (emphatic) | olaçmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to open (emphatic) | bizaçmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to open (emphatic) | sizaçmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to open (emphatic) | alaaçmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to open (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menaçarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to open | senaçarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to open | olaçarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to open | bizaçarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to open | sizaçarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to open | alaaçarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to open |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menaçmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to open | senaçmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to open | olaçmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to open | bizaçmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to open | sizaçmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to open | alaaçmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to open |