çartlarğa
/tʃartlarʁa/
1. crack, split, develop cracks
- sawutnu boyawu çartlağandı — the enamel on the dish has cracked
- qıza ketse, taş da çartlaydı — if it gets very hot, even stone cracks
- jer çartlağandı — the ground has cracked
- çartlab başladı — it began to crack
2. crackle, make a cracking sound
- ot çartlaydı — the fire crackles
- jana turğan otnu kösewleri çartlaydıla — the logs in the burning fire crackle
- tabada qurmaç çartlaydı — the roasting grain crackles in the pan
- çartlağan tawuş — a crackling sound
3. bounce off, fly off to the side, ricochet
- joŋurçhala çartlab-çartlab tüşedile — the chips fly off one after another
- joŋurçhala uzaqğa çartlaydıla — the chips fly off far away
- top, çartlab kelib, allıbızğa tüşdü — the ball bounced back and fell in front of us
- dorbunnu taşlarına tiyib çartlaydıla — they hit the stones of the cave and ricochet
- otnu jiltinleri çartlaydıla — the sparks of the fire fly off
- oq çartladı — the bullet ricocheted
4. chip off, break off (of a piece of something)
- çın ayaqnı boyawu çartlağandı — the glaze of the china cup has chipped off
- tabaqnı qıyırı çartladı — the edge of the plate chipped off
5. fly to pieces, burst apart
- uwaq jarqaçıqla bolub çartladı — it burst into small fragments
- sawut çartladı — the vessel flew apart
- çartlab uwaldı — it burst and shattered
- çartlab ketdi — it flew to pieces
6. splash, spray out, spurt
- qan çartladı — the blood spurted out
- qaynağan jaw çartlaydı — boiling fat spatters
- jaw çartlab, qolum küydü — the fat spattered and my hand got burned
- suw çartlaydı — the water sprays out
7. run off, bolt, break away from the flock — Most often said of an animal that leaves the flock or herd.
- qoy çartlağandı — the sheep has broken away from the flock
- ürkek qoy sürüwden çartladı — the skittish sheep broke away from the flock
- tana çartladı — the calf bolted
- çartlab qaçdı — it bolted and ran
8. jump out, spring out
- çartlab çıqdı allıma — sprang out in front of me
- qoyan çartlab çıqdı — a hare sprang out
9. boom, crash (of thunder or an explosion)
- kök çartladı, şıbıla tüşdü — the thunder crashed, the lightning struck
- kök çartlağan zamanda — when the thunder crashes
10. flare up, fly into a rage
- çartlab söleşirge — to speak heatedly
- çartlab tebreme! — don't fly into a temper!
- terk çartlaydı — he flares up quickly
11. frolic, romp about
- çartlay aylanŋan bir qozuçuq — a little lamb romping about
- sabiyle çartlab oynaydıla — the children frolic and play
12. be ousted, lose a position or place, be excluded from something
- orus patçah çartlağanlıqğa tahtadan — even though the Russian tsar was ousted from the throne
- ol işinden çartlağandı — he has lost his job
Expressions
- qurmaç çartlağança söleşirge — speak fluently and fast
Conjugation
Common forms
- çartlaydıhe is cracking
- çartladıhe cracked
- çartlağandıhe has cracked
- çartlarhe will crack
- çartlarıqdıhe is going to crack
- çartlay edihe was cracking
- çartlasaif he cracks
- çartla!crack!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençartlaymaI am cracking | sençartlaysayou are cracking | olçartlaydıhe is cracking | bizçartlaybızwe are cracking | sizçartlaysızyou all are cracking | alaçartlaydılathey are cracking |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençartlamaymaI am not cracking | sençartlamaysayou are not cracking | olçartlamaydıhe is not cracking | bizçartlamaybızwe are not cracking | sizçartlamaysızyou all are not cracking | alaçartlamaydılathey are not cracking |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençartlaymamı? çartlaymıma?am I cracking? | sençartlaymısa?are you cracking? | olçartlaymıdı?is he cracking? | bizçartlaybızmı? çartlaymıbız?are we cracking? | sizçartlaymısız?are you all cracking? | alaçartlaymıdıla?are they cracking? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençartlamaymamı? çartlamaymıma?aren't I cracking? | sençartlamaymısa?aren't you cracking? | olçartlamaymıdı?isn't he cracking? | bizçartlamaybızmı? çartlamaymıbız?aren't we cracking? | sizçartlamaymısız?aren't you all cracking? | alaçartlamaymıdıla?aren't they cracking? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençartlawçanmaI usually crack | sençartlawçansayou usually crack | olçartlawçandıhe usually cracks | bizçartlawçanbızwe usually crack | sizçartlawçansızyou all usually crack | alaçartlawçandılathey usually crack |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençartlamawçanmaI usually don't crack | sençartlamawçansayou usually don't crack | olçartlamawçandıhe usually doesn't crack | bizçartlamawçanbızwe usually don't crack | sizçartlamawçansızyou all usually don't crack | alaçartlamawçandılathey usually don't crack |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençartlawçanmamı? çartlawçanmıma?do I usually crack? | sençartlawçanmısa?do you usually crack? | olçartlawçanmıdı?does he usually crack? | bizçartlawçanbızmı? çartlawçanmıbız?do we usually crack? | sizçartlawçanmısız?do you all usually crack? | alaçartlawçanmıdıla?do they usually crack? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençartlamawçanmamı? çartlamawçanmıma?do I usually not crack? | sençartlamawçanmısa?do you usually not crack? | olçartlamawçanmıdı?does he usually not crack? | bizçartlamawçanbızmı? çartlamawçanmıbız?do we usually not crack? | sizçartlamawçanmısız?do you all usually not crack? | alaçartlamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not crack? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olçartlabdıhe has cracked and remains so | alaçartlabdılathey have cracked and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olçartlabmıdı?has he cracked? | alaçartlabmıdıla?have they cracked? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençartlab turamaI keep cracking | sençartlab turasayou keep cracking | olçartlab turadıhe keeps cracking | bizçartlab turabızwe keep cracking | sizçartlab turasızyou all keep cracking | alaçartlab turadılathey keep cracking |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençartlab turmaymaI don't keep cracking | sençartlab turmaysayou don't keep cracking | olçartlab turmaydıhe doesn't keep cracking | bizçartlab turmaybızwe don't keep cracking | sizçartlab turmaysızyou all don't keep cracking | alaçartlab turmaydılathey don't keep cracking |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençartlab turamamı? çartlab turamıma?do I keep cracking? | sençartlab turamısa?do you keep cracking? | olçartlab turamıdı?does he keep cracking? | bizçartlab turabızmı? çartlab turamıbız?do we keep cracking? | sizçartlab turamısız?do you all keep cracking? | alaçartlab turamıdıla?do they keep cracking? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençartlab turmaymamı? çartlab turmaymıma?don't I keep cracking? | sençartlab turmaymısa?don't you keep cracking? | olçartlab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep cracking? | bizçartlab turmaybızmı? çartlab turmaymıbız?don't we keep cracking? | sizçartlab turmaymısız?don't you all keep cracking? | alaçartlab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep cracking? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençartlay turamaI am in the middle of cracking | sençartlay turasayou are in the middle of cracking | olçartlay turadıhe is in the middle of cracking | bizçartlay turabızwe are in the middle of cracking | sizçartlay turasızyou all are in the middle of cracking | alaçartlay turadılathey are in the middle of cracking |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençartlay turmaymaI am not in the middle of cracking | sençartlay turmaysayou are not in the middle of cracking | olçartlay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of cracking | bizçartlay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of cracking | sizçartlay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of cracking | alaçartlay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of cracking |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençartlay turamamı? çartlay turamıma?am I in the middle of cracking? | sençartlay turamısa?are you in the middle of cracking? | olçartlay turamıdı?is he in the middle of cracking? | bizçartlay turabızmı? çartlay turamıbız?are we in the middle of cracking? | sizçartlay turamısız?are you all in the middle of cracking? | alaçartlay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of cracking? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençartlay turmaymamı? çartlay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of cracking? | sençartlay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of cracking? | olçartlay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of cracking? | bizçartlay turmaybızmı? çartlay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of cracking? | sizçartlay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of cracking? | alaçartlay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of cracking? |
| Simple past (definite) | mençartladımI cracked | sençartladıŋyou cracked | olçartladıhe cracked | bizçartladıqwe cracked | sizçartladığızyou all cracked | alaçartladılathey cracked |
| Simple past (definite) | mençartlamadımI didn't crack | sençartlamadıŋyou didn't crack | olçartlamadıhe didn't crack | bizçartlamadıqwe didn't crack | sizçartlamadığızyou all didn't crack | alaçartlamadılathey didn't crack |
| Simple past (definite) | mençartladımmı?did I crack? | sençartladıŋmı?did you crack? | olçartladımı?did he crack? | bizçartladıqmı?did we crack? | sizçartladığızmı?did you all crack? | alaçartladılamı?did they crack? |
| Simple past (definite) | mençartlamadımmı?didn't I crack? | sençartlamadıŋmı?didn't you crack? | olçartlamadımı?didn't he crack? | bizçartlamadıqmı?didn't we crack? | sizçartlamadığızmı?didn't you all crack? | alaçartlamadılamı?didn't they crack? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençartlağanmaI have cracked | sençartlağansayou have cracked | olçartlağandıhe has cracked | bizçartlağanbızwe have cracked | sizçartlağansızyou all have cracked | alaçartlağandılathey have cracked |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençartlamağanmaI haven't cracked | sençartlamağansayou haven't cracked | olçartlamağandıhe hasn't cracked | bizçartlamağanbızwe haven't cracked | sizçartlamağansızyou all haven't cracked | alaçartlamağandılathey haven't cracked |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençartlağanmamı? çartlağanmıma?have I cracked? | sençartlağanmısa?have you cracked? | olçartlağanmıdı?has he cracked? | bizçartlağanbızmı? çartlağanmıbız?have we cracked? | sizçartlağanmısız?have you all cracked? | alaçartlağanmıdıla?have they cracked? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençartlamağanmamı? çartlamağanmıma?haven't I cracked? | sençartlamağanmısa?haven't you cracked? | olçartlamağanmıdı?hasn't he cracked? | bizçartlamağanbızmı? çartlamağanmıbız?haven't we cracked? | sizçartlamağanmısız?haven't you all cracked? | alaçartlamağanmıdıla?haven't they cracked? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mençartlab turdumI kept cracking | sençartlab turduŋyou kept cracking | olçartlab turduhe kept cracking | bizçartlab turduqwe kept cracking | sizçartlab turduğuzyou all kept cracking | alaçartlab turdulathey kept cracking |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mençartlab turmadımI didn't keep cracking | sençartlab turmadıŋyou didn't keep cracking | olçartlab turmadıhe didn't keep cracking | bizçartlab turmadıqwe didn't keep cracking | sizçartlab turmadığızyou all didn't keep cracking | alaçartlab turmadılathey didn't keep cracking |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençartlarmaI will crack | sençartlarsayou will crack | olçartlarhe will crack | bizçartlarbızwe will crack | sizçartlarsızyou all will crack | alaçartlarlathey will crack |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençartlamazmaI won't crack | sençartlamazsayou won't crack | olçartlamazhe won't crack | bizçartlamazbızwe won't crack | sizçartlamazsızyou all won't crack | alaçartlamazlathey won't crack |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençartlarmamı? çartlarmıma?will I crack? | sençartlarmısa?will you crack? | olçartlarmı?will he crack? | bizçartlarbızmı? çartlarmıbız?will we crack? | sizçartlarmısız?will you all crack? | alaçartlarlamı? çartlarmıla?will they crack? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençartlamazmamı? çartlamazmıma?won't I crack? | sençartlamazmısa?won't you crack? | olçartlamazmı?won't he crack? | bizçartlamazbızmı? çartlamazmıbız?won't we crack? | sizçartlamazmısız?won't you all crack? | alaçartlamazlamı? çartlamazmıla?won't they crack? |
| Definite future (future II) | mençartlarıqmaI am going to crack | sençartlarıqsayou are going to crack | olçartlarıqdıhe is going to crack | bizçartlarıqbızwe are going to crack | sizçartlarıqsızyou all are going to crack | alaçartlarıqdılathey are going to crack |
| Definite future (future II) | mençartlarıq tülmeI am not going to crack | sençartlarıq tülseyou are not going to crack | olçartlarıq tüldühe is not going to crack | bizçartlarıq tülbüzwe are not going to crack | sizçartlarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to crack | alaçartlarıq tüldülethey are not going to crack |
| Definite future (future II) | mençartlarıqmamı? çartlarıqmıma?am I going to crack? | sençartlarıqmısa?are you going to crack? | olçartlarıqmıdı?is he going to crack? | bizçartlarıqbızmı? çartlarıqmıbız?are we going to crack? | sizçartlarıqmısız?are you all going to crack? | alaçartlarıqmıdıla?are they going to crack? |
| Definite future (future II) | mençartlarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to crack? | sençartlarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to crack? | olçartlarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to crack? | bizçartlarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to crack? | sizçartlarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to crack? | alaçartlarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to crack? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mençartlağan edimçartlağanemI had cracked | sençartlağan ediŋçartlağaneŋyou had cracked | olçartlağan ediçartlağanedhe had cracked | bizçartlağan edikçartlağanekwe had cracked | sizçartlağan edigizçartlağanegizyou all had cracked | alaçartlağan edileçartlağanellethey had cracked |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mençartlamağan edimçartlamağanemI hadn't cracked | sençartlamağan ediŋçartlamağaneŋyou hadn't cracked | olçartlamağan ediçartlamağanedhe hadn't cracked | bizçartlamağan edikçartlamağanekwe hadn't cracked | sizçartlamağan edigizçartlamağanegizyou all hadn't cracked | alaçartlamağan edileçartlamağanellethey hadn't cracked |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mençartlay edimçartlayemI was cracking | sençartlay ediŋçartlayeŋyou were cracking | olçartlay ediçartlayedhe was cracking | bizçartlay edikçartlayekwe were cracking | sizçartlay edigizçartlayegizyou all were cracking | alaçartlay edileçartlayellethey were cracking |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mençartlamay edimçartlamayemI wasn't cracking | sençartlamay ediŋçartlamayeŋyou weren't cracking | olçartlamay ediçartlamayedhe wasn't cracking | bizçartlamay edikçartlamayekwe weren't cracking | sizçartlamay edigizçartlamayegizyou all weren't cracking | alaçartlamay edileçartlamayellethey weren't cracking |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mençartlawçan edimçartlawçanemI used to crack | sençartlawçan ediŋçartlawçaneŋyou used to crack | olçartlawçan ediçartlawçanedhe used to crack | bizçartlawçan edikçartlawçanekwe used to crack | sizçartlawçan edigizçartlawçanegizyou all used to crack | alaçartlawçan edileçartlawçanellethey used to crack |
| Habitual past (used to) | mençartlamawçan edimçartlamawçanemI didn't use to crack | sençartlamawçan ediŋçartlamawçaneŋyou didn't use to crack | olçartlamawçan ediçartlamawçanedhe didn't use to crack | bizçartlamawçan edikçartlamawçanekwe didn't use to crack | sizçartlamawçan edigizçartlamawçanegizyou all didn't use to crack | alaçartlamawçan edileçartlamawçanellethey didn't use to crack |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olçartlab edihe had cracked and remained so | alaçartlab edilethey had cracked and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olçartlab tül edihe hadn't cracked | alaçartlab tül edilethey hadn't cracked | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mençartlab tura edimçartlab turaemI had kept cracking | sençartlab tura ediŋçartlab turaeŋyou had kept cracking | olçartlab tura ediçartlab turaedhe had kept cracking | bizçartlab tura edikçartlab turaekwe had kept cracking | sizçartlab tura edigizçartlab turaegizyou all had kept cracking | alaçartlab tura edileçartlab turaellethey had kept cracking |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mençartlab turmay edimçartlab turmayemI hadn't kept cracking | sençartlab turmay ediŋçartlab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept cracking | olçartlab turmay ediçartlab turmayedhe hadn't kept cracking | bizçartlab turmay edikçartlab turmayekwe hadn't kept cracking | sizçartlab turmay edigizçartlab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept cracking | alaçartlab turmay edileçartlab turmayellethey hadn't kept cracking |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mençartlay tura edimçartlay turaemI was in the middle of cracking | sençartlay tura ediŋçartlay turaeŋyou were in the middle of cracking | olçartlay tura ediçartlay turaedhe was in the middle of cracking | bizçartlay tura edikçartlay turaekwe were in the middle of cracking | sizçartlay tura edigizçartlay turaegizyou all were in the middle of cracking | alaçartlay tura edileçartlay turaellethey were in the middle of cracking |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mençartlay turmay edimçartlay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of cracking | sençartlay turmay ediŋçartlay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of cracking | olçartlay turmay ediçartlay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of cracking | bizçartlay turmay edikçartlay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of cracking | sizçartlay turmay edigizçartlay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of cracking | alaçartlay turmay edileçartlay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of cracking |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mençartlar edimçartlar emI would crack | sençartlar ediŋçartlar eŋyou would crack | olçartlar ediçartlar edhe would crack | bizçartlar edikçartlar ekwe would crack | sizçartlar edigizçartlar egizyou all would crack | alaçartlar edileçartlar ellethey would crack |
| Conditional result (would) | mençartlamaz edimçartlamaz emI wouldn't crack | sençartlamaz ediŋçartlamaz eŋyou wouldn't crack | olçartlamaz ediçartlamaz edhe wouldn't crack | bizçartlamaz edikçartlamaz ekwe wouldn't crack | sizçartlamaz edigizçartlamaz egizyou all wouldn't crack | alaçartlamaz edileçartlamaz ellethey wouldn't crack |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mençartlarıq edimçartlarıq emI would have cracked | sençartlarıq ediŋçartlarıq eŋyou would have cracked | olçartlarıq ediçartlarıq edhe would have cracked | bizçartlarıq edikçartlarıq ekwe would have cracked | sizçartlarıq edigizçartlarıq egizyou all would have cracked | alaçartlarıq edileçartlarıq ellethey would have cracked |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mençartlarıq tül edimçartlarıq tül emI wouldn't have cracked | sençartlarıq tül ediŋçartlarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have cracked | olçartlarıq tül ediçartlarıq tül edhe wouldn't have cracked | bizçartlarıq tül edikçartlarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have cracked | sizçartlarıq tül edigizçartlarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have cracked | alaçartlarıq tül edileçartlarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have cracked |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mençartlasamif I crack | sençartlasaŋif you crack | olçartlasaif he cracks | bizçartlasaqif we crack | sizçartlasağızif you all crack | alaçartlasalaif they crack |
| Conditional | mençartlamasamif I don't crack | sençartlamasaŋif you don't crack | olçartlamasaif he doesn't crack | bizçartlamasaqif we don't crack | sizçartlamasağızif you all don't crack | alaçartlamasalaif they don't crack |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mençartlay esemif I am cracking | sençartlay eseŋif you are cracking | olçartlay eseif he is cracking | bizçartlay esekif we are cracking | sizçartlay esegizif you all are cracking | alaçartlay eseleif they are cracking |
| Conditional, present real | mençartlamay esemif I am not cracking | sençartlamay eseŋif you are not cracking | olçartlamay eseif he is not cracking | bizçartlamay esekif we are not cracking | sizçartlamay esegizif you all are not cracking | alaçartlamay eseleif they are not cracking |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mençartlasam ediçartlasam edif only I cracked | sençartlasaŋ ediçartlasaŋ edif only you cracked | olçartlasa ediçartlasaedif only he cracked | bizçartlasaq ediçartlasaq edif only we cracked | sizçartlasağız ediçartlasağız edif only you all cracked | alaçartlasala ediçartlasalaedif only they cracked |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mençartlamasam ediçartlamasam edif only I didn't crack | sençartlamasaŋ ediçartlamasaŋ edif only you didn't crack | olçartlamasa ediçartlamasaedif only he didn't crack | bizçartlamasaq ediçartlamasaq edif only we didn't crack | sizçartlamasağız ediçartlamasağız edif only you all didn't crack | alaçartlamasala ediçartlamasalaedif only they didn't crack |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mençartlab tursamif I carry on cracking | sençartlab tursaŋif you carry on cracking | olçartlab tursaif he carries on cracking | bizçartlab tursaqif we carry on cracking | sizçartlab tursağızif you all carry on cracking | alaçartlab tursalaif they carry on cracking |
| Durative conditional | mençartlab turmasamif I don't carry on cracking | sençartlab turmasaŋif you don't carry on cracking | olçartlab turmasaif he doesn't carry on cracking | bizçartlab turmasaqif we don't carry on cracking | sizçartlab turmasağızif you all don't carry on cracking | alaçartlab turmasalaif they don't carry on cracking |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mençartlab tura esemif I have kept cracking | sençartlab tura eseŋif you have kept cracking | olçartlab tura eseif he has kept cracking | bizçartlab tura esekif we have kept cracking | sizçartlab tura esegizif you all have kept cracking | alaçartlab tura eseleif they have kept cracking |
| Durative conditional, present real | mençartlab turmay esemif I haven't kept cracking | sençartlab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept cracking | olçartlab turmay eseif he hasn't kept cracking | bizçartlab turmay esekif we haven't kept cracking | sizçartlab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept cracking | alaçartlab turmay eseleif they haven't kept cracking |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mençartlay tursamif I keep cracking | sençartlay tursaŋif you keep cracking | olçartlay tursaif he keeps cracking | bizçartlay tursaqif we keep cracking | sizçartlay tursağızif you all keep cracking | alaçartlay tursalaif they keep cracking |
| Progressive conditional | mençartlamay tursamif I keep on not cracking | sençartlamay tursaŋif you keep on not cracking | olçartlamay tursaif he keeps on not cracking | bizçartlamay tursaqif we keep on not cracking | sizçartlamay tursağızif you all keep on not cracking | alaçartlamay tursalaif they keep on not cracking |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mençartlay tura esemif I am in the middle of cracking | sençartlay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of cracking | olçartlay tura eseif he is in the middle of cracking | bizçartlay tura esekif we are in the middle of cracking | sizçartlay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of cracking | alaçartlay tura eseleif they are in the middle of cracking |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mençartlamay tura esemif I keep on not cracking | sençartlamay tura eseŋif you keep on not cracking | olçartlamay tura eseif he keeps on not cracking | bizçartlamay tura esekif we keep on not cracking | sizçartlamay tura esegizif you all keep on not cracking | alaçartlamay tura eseleif they keep on not cracking |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mençartladım esemif I cracked | sençartladıŋ eseŋif you cracked | olçartladı eseif he cracked | bizçartladıq esekif we cracked | sizçartladığız esegizif you all cracked | alaçartladıla eseleif they cracked |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mençartlamadım esemif I didn't crack | sençartlamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't crack | olçartlamadı eseif he didn't crack | bizçartlamadıq esekif we didn't crack | sizçartlamadığız esegizif you all didn't crack | alaçartlamadıla eseleif they didn't crack |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mençartlağan esemif I did crack (indeed) | sençartlağan eseŋif you did crack (indeed) | olçartlağan eseif he did crack (indeed) | bizçartlağan esekif we did crack (indeed) | sizçartlağan esegizif you all did crack (indeed) | alaçartlağan eseleif they did crack (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mençartlamağan esemif I didn't crack (indeed) | sençartlamağan eseŋif you didn't crack (indeed) | olçartlamağan eseif he didn't crack (indeed) | bizçartlamağan esekif we didn't crack (indeed) | sizçartlamağan esegizif you all didn't crack (indeed) | alaçartlamağan eseleif they didn't crack (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mençartlağan bolsamif I had cracked | sençartlağan bolsaŋif you had cracked | olçartlağan bolsaif he had cracked | bizçartlağan bolsaqif we had cracked | sizçartlağan bolsağızif you all had cracked | alaçartlağan bolsalaif they had cracked |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mençartlamağan bolsamif I hadn't cracked | sençartlamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't cracked | olçartlamağan bolsaif he hadn't cracked | bizçartlamağan bolsaqif we hadn't cracked | sizçartlamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't cracked | alaçartlamağan bolsalaif they hadn't cracked |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mençartlağan bolsam ediçartlağan bolsam edif only I had cracked | sençartlağan bolsaŋ ediçartlağan bolsaŋ edif only you had cracked | olçartlağan bolsa ediçartlağan bolsaedif only he had cracked | bizçartlağan bolsaq ediçartlağan bolsaq edif only we had cracked | sizçartlağan bolsağız ediçartlağan bolsağız edif only you all had cracked | alaçartlağan bolsala ediçartlağan bolsalaedif only they had cracked |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mençartlamağan bolsam ediçartlamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't cracked | sençartlamağan bolsaŋ ediçartlamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't cracked | olçartlamağan bolsa ediçartlamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't cracked | bizçartlamağan bolsaq ediçartlamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't cracked | sizçartlamağan bolsağız ediçartlamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't cracked | alaçartlamağan bolsala ediçartlamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't cracked |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mençartlar esemif I will crack | sençartlar eseŋif you will crack | olçartlar eseif he will crack | bizçartlar esekif we will crack | sizçartlar esegizif you all will crack | alaçartlar eseleif they will crack |
| Conditional, aorist | mençartlamaz esemif I won't crack | sençartlamaz eseŋif you won't crack | olçartlamaz eseif he won't crack | bizçartlamaz esekif we won't crack | sizçartlamaz esegizif you all won't crack | alaçartlamaz eseleif they won't crack |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mençartlarıq esemif I am going to crack | sençartlarıq eseŋif you are going to crack | olçartlarıq eseif he is going to crack | bizçartlarıq esekif we are going to crack | sizçartlarıq esegizif you all are going to crack | alaçartlarıq eseleif they are going to crack |
| Conditional, future | mençartlarıq tül esemif I am not going to crack | sençartlarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to crack | olçartlarıq tül eseif he is not going to crack | bizçartlarıq tül esekif we are not going to crack | sizçartlarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to crack | alaçartlarıq tül eseleif they are not going to crack |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mençartlarıq bolsamif I were going to crack | sençartlarıq bolsaŋif you were going to crack | olçartlarıq bolsaif he were going to crack | bizçartlarıq bolsaqif we were going to crack | sizçartlarıq bolsağızif you all were going to crack | alaçartlarıq bolsalaif they were going to crack |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mençartlamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to crack | sençartlamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to crack | olçartlamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to crack | bizçartlamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to crack | sizçartlamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to crack | alaçartlamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to crack |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso çartladıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mençartlay bolurmaI must be cracking | sençartlay bolursayou must be cracking | olçartlay bolurhe must be cracking | bizçartlay bolurbuzwe must be cracking | sizçartlay bolursuzyou all must be cracking | alaçartlay bolurlathey must be cracking |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mençartlamay bolurmaI must not be cracking | sençartlamay bolursayou must not be cracking | olçartlamay bolurhe must not be cracking | bizçartlamay bolurbuzwe must not be cracking | sizçartlamay bolursuzyou all must not be cracking | alaçartlamay bolurlathey must not be cracking |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mençartlay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of cracking | sençartlay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of cracking | olçartlay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of cracking | bizçartlay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of cracking | sizçartlay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of cracking | alaçartlay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of cracking |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mençartlamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not cracking | sençartlamay tura bolursayou must keep on not cracking | olçartlamay tura bolurhe must keep on not cracking | bizçartlamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not cracking | sizçartlamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not cracking | alaçartlamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not cracking |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mençartlağan bolurmaI must have cracked | sençartlağan bolursayou must have cracked | olçartlağan bolurhe must have cracked | bizçartlağan bolurbuzwe must have cracked | sizçartlağan bolursuzyou all must have cracked | alaçartlağan bolurlathey must have cracked |
| Inference (must have) | mençartlamağan bolurmaI must not have cracked | sençartlamağan bolursayou must not have cracked | olçartlamağan bolurhe must not have cracked | bizçartlamağan bolurbuzwe must not have cracked | sizçartlamağan bolursuzyou all must not have cracked | alaçartlamağan bolurlathey must not have cracked |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mençartlarıq bolurmaI must be going to crack | sençartlarıq bolursayou must be going to crack | olçartlarıq bolurhe must be going to crack | bizçartlarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to crack | sizçartlarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to crack | alaçartlarıq bolurlathey must be going to crack |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mençartlamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to crack | sençartlamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to crack | olçartlamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to crack | bizçartlamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to crack | sizçartlamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to crack | alaçartlamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to crack |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mençartlayımlet me crack | sençartla!crack! | olçartlasınlet him crack | bizçartlayıqlet's crack | sizçartlağız!crack, you all! | alaçartlasınlalet them crack |
| Commands & suggestions | mençartlamayımlet me not crack | sençartlama!don't crack! | olçartlamasınlet him not crack | bizçartlamayıqlet's not crack | sizçartlamağız!don't crack, you all! | alaçartlamasınlalet them not crack |
| Commands & suggestions | mençartlayımmı?shall I crack? | olçartlasınmı?should he crack? | bizçartlayıqmı?shall we crack? | alaçartlasınlamı?should they crack? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mençartlamayımmı?shall I not crack? | olçartlamasınmı?should he not crack? | bizçartlamayıqmı?shall we not crack? | alaçartlamasınlamı?should they not crack? | ||
| Requests | sençartlaçı2çartlaçınplease crack | olçartlasınçıdo let him crack | sizçartlaçığızplease crack (plural/polite) | alaçartlasınlaçıdo let them crack | ||
| Requests | sençartlamaçı2çartlamaçınplease don't crack | olçartlamasınçıdo let him not crack | sizçartlamaçığızplease don't crack (plural/polite) | alaçartlamasınlaçıdo let them not crack | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sençartlağınçartlağımay you crack | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sençartlamağınçartlamağımay you not crack | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mençartlağay edim çartlağa edimwould that I cracked | sençartlağay ediŋ çartlağa ediŋwould that you cracked | olçartlağay edi çartlağa ediwould that he cracked | bizçartlağay edik çartlağa edikwould that we cracked | sizçartlağay edigiz çartlağa edigizwould that you all cracked | alaçartlağay edile çartlağa edilewould that they cracked |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mençartlamağay edim çartlamağa edimwould that I did not crack | sençartlamağay ediŋ çartlamağa ediŋwould that you did not crack | olçartlamağay edi çartlamağa ediwould that he did not crack | bizçartlamağay edik çartlamağa edikwould that we did not crack | sizçartlamağay edigiz çartlamağa edigizwould that you all did not crack | alaçartlamağay edile çartlamağa edilewould that they did not crack |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mençartlamağa qoyayımçartlama qoyayımlet me allow someone to crack | sençartlamağa qoy!çartlama qoy!let someone crack! | olçartlamağa qoysunçartlama qoysunlet him allow someone to crack | bizçartlamağa qoyayıqçartlama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to crack | sizçartlamağa qoyuğuz!çartlama qoyuğuz!let someone crack, you all! | alaçartlamağa qoysunlaçartlama qoysunlalet them allow someone to crack |
| Let someone… (commands) | mençartlamağa qoymayımçartlama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to crack | sençartlamağa qoyma!çartlama qoyma!don't let someone crack! | olçartlamağa qoymasınçartlama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to crack | bizçartlamağa qoymayıqçartlama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to crack | sizçartlamağa qoymağız!çartlama qoymağız!don't let someone crack, you all! | alaçartlamağa qoymasınlaçartlama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to crack |
| Let someone… (commands) | mençartlamağa qoyayımmı?çartlama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to crack? | olçartlamağa qoysunmu?çartlama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to crack? | bizçartlamağa qoyayıqmı?çartlama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to crack? | alaçartlamağa qoysunlamı?çartlama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to crack? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mençartlamağa qoymayımmı?çartlama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to crack? | olçartlamağa qoymasınmı?çartlama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to crack? | bizçartlamağa qoymayıqmı?çartlama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to crack? | alaçartlamağa qoymasınlamı?çartlama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to crack? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mençartlamağa qoyamaçartlama qoyamaI allow someone to crack | sençartlamağa qoyasaçartlama qoyasayou allow someone to crack | olçartlamağa qoyadıçartlama qoyadıhe allows someone to crack | bizçartlamağa qoyabızçartlama qoyabızwe allow someone to crack | sizçartlamağa qoyasızçartlama qoyasızyou all allow someone to crack | alaçartlamağa qoyadılaçartlama qoyadılathey allow someone to crack |
| Let someone… (present) | mençartlamağa qoymaymaçartlama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to crack | sençartlamağa qoymaysaçartlama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to crack | olçartlamağa qoymaydıçartlama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to crack | bizçartlamağa qoymaybızçartlama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to crack | sizçartlamağa qoymaysızçartlama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to crack | alaçartlamağa qoymaydılaçartlama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to crack |
| Let someone… (present) | mençartlamağa qoyamamı?çartlama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to crack? | sençartlamağa qoyamısa?çartlama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to crack? | olçartlamağa qoyamıdı?çartlama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to crack? | bizçartlamağa qoyabızmı?çartlama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to crack? | sizçartlamağa qoyamısız?çartlama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to crack? | alaçartlamağa qoyamıdıla?çartlama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to crack? |
| Let someone… (present) | mençartlamağa qoymaymamı?çartlama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to crack? | sençartlamağa qoymaymısa?çartlama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to crack? | olçartlamağa qoymaymıdı?çartlama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to crack? | bizçartlamağa qoymaybızmı?çartlama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to crack? | sizçartlamağa qoymaymısız?çartlama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to crack? | alaçartlamağa qoymaymıdıla?çartlama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to crack? |
| Let someone… (past) | mençartlamağa qoydumçartlama qoydumI allowed someone to crack | sençartlamağa qoyduŋçartlama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to crack | olçartlamağa qoyduçartlama qoyduhe allowed someone to crack | bizçartlamağa qoyduqçartlama qoyduqwe allowed someone to crack | sizçartlamağa qoyduğuzçartlama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to crack | alaçartlamağa qoydulaçartlama qoydulathey allowed someone to crack |
| Let someone… (past) | mençartlamağa qoymadımçartlama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to crack | sençartlamağa qoymadıŋçartlama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to crack | olçartlamağa qoymadıçartlama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to crack | bizçartlamağa qoymadıqçartlama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to crack | sizçartlamağa qoymadığızçartlama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to crack | alaçartlamağa qoymadılaçartlama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to crack |
| Let someone… (past) | mençartlamağa qoydummu?çartlama qoydummu?did I allow someone to crack? | sençartlamağa qoyduŋmu?çartlama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to crack? | olçartlamağa qoydumu?çartlama qoydumu?did he allow someone to crack? | bizçartlamağa qoyduqmu?çartlama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to crack? | sizçartlamağa qoyduğuzmu?çartlama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to crack? | alaçartlamağa qoydulamı?çartlama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to crack? |
| Let someone… (past) | mençartlamağa qoymadımmı?çartlama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to crack? | sençartlamağa qoymadıŋmı?çartlama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to crack? | olçartlamağa qoymadımı?çartlama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to crack? | bizçartlamağa qoymadıqmı?çartlama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to crack? | sizçartlamağa qoymadığızmı?çartlama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to crack? | alaçartlamağa qoymadılamı?çartlama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to crack? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mençartlayalamaI can crack | sençartlayalasayou can crack | olçartlayaladıhe can crack | bizçartlayalabızwe can crack | sizçartlayalasızyou all can crack | alaçartlayaladılathey can crack |
| Ability — present | mençartlayalmaymaI can't crack | sençartlayalmaysayou can't crack | olçartlayalmaydıhe can't crack | bizçartlayalmaybızwe can't crack | sizçartlayalmaysızyou all can't crack | alaçartlayalmaydılathey can't crack |
| Ability — present | mençartlayalamamı? çartlayalamıma?can I crack? | sençartlayalamısa?can you crack? | olçartlayalamıdı?can he crack? | bizçartlayalabızmı? çartlayalamıbız?can we crack? | sizçartlayalamısız?can you all crack? | alaçartlayalamıdıla?can they crack? |
| Ability — present | mençartlayalmaymamı? çartlayalmaymıma?can't I crack? | sençartlayalmaymısa?can't you crack? | olçartlayalmaymıdı?can't he crack? | bizçartlayalmaybızmı? çartlayalmaymıbız?can't we crack? | sizçartlayalmaymısız?can't you all crack? | alaçartlayalmaymıdıla?can't they crack? |
| Ability — if I can… | mençartlayalsamif I can crack | sençartlayalsaŋif you can crack | olçartlayalsaif he can crack | bizçartlayalsaqif we can crack | sizçartlayalsağızif you all can crack | alaçartlayalsalaif they can crack |
| Ability — if I can… | mençartlayalmasamif I can't crack | sençartlayalmasaŋif you can't crack | olçartlayalmasaif he can't crack | bizçartlayalmasaqif we can't crack | sizçartlayalmasağızif you all can't crack | alaçartlayalmasalaif they can't crack |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mençartlayaldımI was able to crack | sençartlayaldıŋyou were able to crack | olçartlayaldıhe was able to crack | bizçartlayaldıqwe were able to crack | sizçartlayaldığızyou all were able to crack | alaçartlayaldılathey were able to crack |
| Ability — simple past | mençartlayalmadımI could not crack | sençartlayalmadıŋyou could not crack | olçartlayalmadıhe could not crack | bizçartlayalmadıqwe could not crack | sizçartlayalmadığızyou all could not crack | alaçartlayalmadılathey could not crack |
| Ability — simple past | mençartlayaldımmı?was I able to crack? | sençartlayaldıŋmı?were you able to crack? | olçartlayaldımı?was he able to crack? | bizçartlayaldıqmı?were we able to crack? | sizçartlayaldığızmı?were you all able to crack? | alaçartlayaldılamı?were they able to crack? |
| Ability — simple past | mençartlayalmadımmı?couldn't I crack? | sençartlayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you crack? | olçartlayalmadımı?couldn't he crack? | bizçartlayalmadıqmı?couldn't we crack? | sizçartlayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all crack? | alaçartlayalmadılamı?couldn't they crack? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençartlayalğanmaI have been able to crack | sençartlayalğansayou have been able to crack | olçartlayalğandıhe has been able to crack | bizçartlayalğanbızwe have been able to crack | sizçartlayalğansızyou all have been able to crack | alaçartlayalğandılathey have been able to crack |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençartlayalmağanmaI haven't been able to crack | sençartlayalmağansayou haven't been able to crack | olçartlayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to crack | bizçartlayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to crack | sizçartlayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to crack | alaçartlayalmağandılathey haven't been able to crack |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençartlayalğanmamı? çartlayalğanmıma?have I been able to crack? | sençartlayalğanmısa?have you been able to crack? | olçartlayalğanmıdı?has he been able to crack? | bizçartlayalğanbızmı? çartlayalğanmıbız?have we been able to crack? | sizçartlayalğanmısız?have you all been able to crack? | alaçartlayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to crack? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençartlayalmağanmamı? çartlayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to crack? | sençartlayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to crack? | olçartlayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to crack? | bizçartlayalmağanbızmı? çartlayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to crack? | sizçartlayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to crack? | alaçartlayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to crack? |
| Ability — past perfect | mençartlayalğan edimçartlayalğanemI had been able to crack | sençartlayalğan ediŋçartlayalğaneŋyou had been able to crack | olçartlayalğan ediçartlayalğanedhe had been able to crack | bizçartlayalğan edikçartlayalğanekwe had been able to crack | sizçartlayalğan edigizçartlayalğanegizyou all had been able to crack | alaçartlayalğan edileçartlayalğanellethey had been able to crack |
| Ability — past perfect | mençartlayalmağan edimçartlayalmağanemI hadn't been able to crack | sençartlayalmağan ediŋçartlayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to crack | olçartlayalmağan ediçartlayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to crack | bizçartlayalmağan edikçartlayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to crack | sizçartlayalmağan edigizçartlayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to crack | alaçartlayalmağan edileçartlayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to crack |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mençartlayala edimçartlayalaemI could crack | sençartlayala ediŋçartlayalaeŋyou could crack | olçartlayala ediçartlayalaedhe could crack | bizçartlayala edikçartlayalaekwe could crack | sizçartlayala edigizçartlayalaegizyou all could crack | alaçartlayala edileçartlayalaellethey could crack |
| Ability — past background | mençartlayalmay edimçartlayalmayemI could not crack | sençartlayalmay ediŋçartlayalmayeŋyou could not crack | olçartlayalmay ediçartlayalmayedhe could not crack | bizçartlayalmay edikçartlayalmayekwe could not crack | sizçartlayalmay edigizçartlayalmayegizyou all could not crack | alaçartlayalmay edileçartlayalmayellethey could not crack |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mençartlayalırmaI will be able to crack | sençartlayalırsayou will be able to crack | olçartlayalırhe will be able to crack | bizçartlayalırbızwe will be able to crack | sizçartlayalırsızyou all will be able to crack | alaçartlayalırlathey will be able to crack |
| Ability — future I | mençartlayalmazmaI won't be able to crack | sençartlayalmazsayou won't be able to crack | olçartlayalmazhe won't be able to crack | bizçartlayalmazbızwe won't be able to crack | sizçartlayalmazsızyou all won't be able to crack | alaçartlayalmazlathey won't be able to crack |
| Ability — future I | mençartlayalırmamı? çartlayalırmıma?will I be able to crack? | sençartlayalırmısa?will you be able to crack? | olçartlayalırmı?will he be able to crack? | bizçartlayalırbızmı? çartlayalırmıbız?will we be able to crack? | sizçartlayalırmısız?will you all be able to crack? | alaçartlayalırlamı? çartlayalırmıla?will they be able to crack? |
| Ability — future I | mençartlayalmazmamı? çartlayalmazmıma?won't I be able to crack? | sençartlayalmazmısa?won't you be able to crack? | olçartlayalmazmı?won't he be able to crack? | bizçartlayalmazbızmı? çartlayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to crack? | sizçartlayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to crack? | alaçartlayalmazlamı? çartlayalmazmıla?won't they be able to crack? |
| Ability — future II | mençartlayallıqmaI am going to be able to crack | sençartlayallıqsayou are going to be able to crack | olçartlayallıqdıhe is going to be able to crack | bizçartlayallıqbızwe are going to be able to crack | sizçartlayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to crack | alaçartlayallıqdılathey are going to be able to crack |
| Ability — future II | mençartlayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to crack | sençartlayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to crack | olçartlayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to crack | bizçartlayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to crack | sizçartlayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to crack | alaçartlayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to crack |
| Ability — future II | mençartlayallıqmamı? çartlayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to crack? | sençartlayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to crack? | olçartlayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to crack? | bizçartlayallıqbızmı? çartlayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to crack? | sizçartlayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to crack? | alaçartlayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to crack? |
| Ability — future II | mençartlayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to crack? | sençartlayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to crack? | olçartlayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to crack? | bizçartlayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to crack? | sizçartlayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to crack? | alaçartlayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to crack? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mençartlayalır edimçartlayalır emI would be able to crack | sençartlayalır ediŋçartlayalır eŋyou would be able to crack | olçartlayalır ediçartlayalır edhe would be able to crack | bizçartlayalır edikçartlayalır ekwe would be able to crack | sizçartlayalır edigizçartlayalır egizyou all would be able to crack | alaçartlayalır edileçartlayalır ellethey would be able to crack |
| Ability — would be able to… | mençartlayalmaz edimçartlayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to crack | sençartlayalmaz ediŋçartlayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to crack | olçartlayalmaz ediçartlayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to crack | bizçartlayalmaz edikçartlayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to crack | sizçartlayalmaz edigizçartlayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to crack | alaçartlayalmaz edileçartlayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to crack |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sençartlayalğınçartlayalğımay you be able to crack | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sençartlayalmağınçartlayalmağımay you not be able to crack | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mençartlarğa izleymeI want to crack | sençartlarğa izleyseyou want to crack | olçartlarğa izleydihe wants to crack | bizçartlarğa izleybizwe want to crack | sizçartlarğa izleysizyou all want to crack | alaçartlarğa izleydilethey want to crack |
| want to | mençartlarğa izlemeymeI do not want to crack | sençartlarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to crack | olçartlarğa izlemeydihe does not want to crack | bizçartlarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to crack | sizçartlarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to crack | alaçartlarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to crack |
| would like to | mençartlarğa süemeI would like to crack | sençartlarğa süeseyou would like to crack | olçartlarğa süedihe would like to crack | bizçartlarğa süebizwe would like to crack | sizçartlarğa süesizyou all would like to crack | alaçartlarğa süedilethey would like to crack |
| would like to | mençartlarğa süymeymeI would not like to crack | sençartlarğa süymeyseyou would not like to crack | olçartlarğa süymeydihe would not like to crack | bizçartlarğa süymeybizwe would not like to crack | sizçartlarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to crack | alaçartlarğa süymeydilethey would not like to crack |
| hope to | mençartlarğa umutlanamaI hope to crack | sençartlarğa umutlanasayou hope to crack | olçartlarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to crack | bizçartlarğa umutlanabızwe hope to crack | sizçartlarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to crack | alaçartlarğa umutlanadılathey hope to crack |
| hope to | mençartlarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to crack | sençartlarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to crack | olçartlarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to crack | bizçartlarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to crack | sizçartlarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to crack | alaçartlarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to crack |
| be about to | mençartlarğa deb turamaI am about to crack | sençartlarğa deb turasayou are about to crack | olçartlarğa deb turadıhe is about to crack | bizçartlarğa deb turabızwe are about to crack | sizçartlarğa deb turasızyou all are about to crack | alaçartlarğa deb turadılathey are about to crack |
| be about to | mençartlarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to crack | sençartlarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to crack | olçartlarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to crack | bizçartlarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to crack | sizçartlarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to crack | alaçartlarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to crack |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mençartlarğa kerekmeI need to crack | sençartlarğa kerekseyou need to crack | olçartlarğa kerekdihe needs to crack | bizçartlarğa kerekbizwe need to crack | sizçartlarğa kereksizyou all need to crack | alaçartlarğa kerekdilethey need to crack |
| need to | mençartlarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to crack | sençartlarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to crack | olçartlarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to crack | bizçartlarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to crack | sizçartlarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to crack | alaçartlarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to crack |
| have to | menmenŋe çartlarğa tüşediI have to crack | sensenŋe çartlarğa tüşediyou have to crack | olaŋa çartlarğa tüşedihe has to crack | bizbizge çartlarğa tüşediwe have to crack | sizsizge çartlarğa tüşediyou all have to crack | alaalağa çartlarğa tüşedithey have to crack |
| have to | menmenŋe çartlarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to crack | sensenŋe çartlarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to crack | olaŋa çartlarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to crack | bizbizge çartlarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to crack | sizsizge çartlarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to crack | alaalağa çartlarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to crack |
| be obliged to | mençartlarğa borçlumaI am obliged to crack | sençartlarğa borçlusayou are obliged to crack | olçartlarğa borçluduhe is obliged to crack | bizçartlarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to crack | sizçartlarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to crack | alaçartlarğa borçludulathey are obliged to crack |
| be obliged to | mençartlarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to crack | sençartlarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to crack | olçartlarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to crack | bizçartlarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to crack | sizçartlarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to crack | alaçartlarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to crack |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mençartlarğa madarım bardıI have a way to crack | sençartlarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to crack | olçartlarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to crack | bizçartlarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to crack | sizçartlarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to crack | alaçartlarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to crack |
| have a way to | mençartlarğa madarım joqduI have no way to crack | sençartlarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to crack | olçartlarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to crack | bizçartlarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to crack | sizçartlarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to crack | alaçartlarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to crack |
| be free to | mençartlarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to crack | sençartlarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to crack | olçartlarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to crack | bizçartlarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to crack | sizçartlarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to crack | alaçartlarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to crack |
| be free to | mençartlarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to crack | sençartlarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to crack | olçartlarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to crack | bizçartlarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to crack | sizçartlarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to crack | alaçartlarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to crack |
| be possible to | menmenŋe çartlarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to crack | sensenŋe çartlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to crack | olaŋa çartlarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to crack | bizbizge çartlarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to crack | sizsizge çartlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to crack | alaalağa çartlarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to crack |
| be possible to | menmenŋe çartlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to crack | sensenŋe çartlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to crack | olaŋa çartlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to crack | bizbizge çartlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to crack | sizsizge çartlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to crack | alaalağa çartlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to crack |
| be ready to | mençartlarğa hazırmaI am ready to crack | sençartlarğa hazırsayou are ready to crack | olçartlarğa hazırdıhe is ready to crack | bizçartlarğa hazırbızwe are ready to crack | sizçartlarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to crack | alaçartlarğa hazırdılathey are ready to crack |
| be ready to | mençartlarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to crack | sençartlarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to crack | olçartlarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to crack | bizçartlarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to crack | sizçartlarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to crack | alaçartlarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to crack |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mençartlarğa küreşemeI am trying to crack | sençartlarğa küreşeseyou are trying to crack | olçartlarğa küreşedihe is trying to crack | bizçartlarğa küreşebizwe are trying to crack | sizçartlarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to crack | alaçartlarğa küreşedilethey are trying to crack |
| try to | mençartlarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to crack | sençartlarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to crack | olçartlarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to crack | bizçartlarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to crack | sizçartlarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to crack | alaçartlarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to crack |
| agree to | mençartlarğa unaymaI agree to crack | sençartlarğa unaysayou agree to crack | olçartlarğa unaydıhe agrees to crack | bizçartlarğa unaybızwe agree to crack | sizçartlarğa unaysızyou all agree to crack | alaçartlarğa unaydılathey agree to crack |
| agree to | mençartlarğa unamaymaI refuse to crack | sençartlarğa unamaysayou refuse to crack | olçartlarğa unamaydıhe refuses to crack | bizçartlarğa unamaybızwe refuse to crack | sizçartlarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to crack | alaçartlarğa unamaydılathey refuse to crack |
| hurry to | mençartlarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to crack | sençartlarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to crack | olçartlarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to crack | bizçartlarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to crack | sizçartlarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to crack | alaçartlarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to crack |
| hurry to | mençartlarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to crack | sençartlarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to crack | olçartlarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to crack | bizçartlarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to crack | sizçartlarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to crack | alaçartlarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to crack |
| be afraid to | mençartlarğa qorqamaI am afraid to crack | sençartlarğa qorqasayou are afraid to crack | olçartlarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to crack | bizçartlarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to crack | sizçartlarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to crack | alaçartlarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to crack |
| be afraid to | mençartlarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to crack | sençartlarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to crack | olçartlarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to crack | bizçartlarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to crack | sizçartlarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to crack | alaçartlarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to crack |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mençartlay bolmazmaI can't be cracking | sençartlay bolmazsayou can't be cracking | olçartlay bolmazhe can't be cracking | bizçartlay bolmazbızwe can't be cracking | sizçartlay bolmazsızyou all can't be cracking | alaçartlay bolmazlathey can't be cracking |
| Inference, present — double negation | mençartlamay bolmazmaI must be cracking (emphatic) | sençartlamay bolmazsayou must be cracking (emphatic) | olçartlamay bolmazhe must be cracking (emphatic) | bizçartlamay bolmazbızwe must be cracking (emphatic) | sizçartlamay bolmazsızyou all must be cracking (emphatic) | alaçartlamay bolmazlathey must be cracking (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mençartlay turmasamif I don't keep cracking | sençartlay turmasaŋif you don't keep cracking | olçartlay turmasaif he doesn't keep cracking | bizçartlay turmasaqif we don't keep cracking | sizçartlay turmasağızif you all don't keep cracking | alaçartlay turmasalaif they don't keep cracking |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mençartlay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of cracking | sençartlay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of cracking | olçartlay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of cracking | bizçartlay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of cracking | sizçartlay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of cracking | alaçartlay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of cracking |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mençartlamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not cracking (emphatic) | sençartlamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not cracking (emphatic) | olçartlamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not cracking (emphatic) | bizçartlamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not cracking (emphatic) | sizçartlamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not cracking (emphatic) | alaçartlamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not cracking (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mençartlamay turamaI keep on not cracking | sençartlamay turasayou keep on not cracking | olçartlamay turadıhe keeps on not cracking | bizçartlamay turabızwe keep on not cracking | sizçartlamay turasızyou all keep on not cracking | alaçartlamay turadılathey keep on not cracking |
| Progressive — double negation | mençartlamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not cracking | sençartlamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not cracking | olçartlamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not cracking | bizçartlamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not cracking | sizçartlamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not cracking | alaçartlamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not cracking |
| Progressive — double negation | mençartlamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not cracking? | sençartlamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not cracking? | olçartlamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not cracking? | bizçartlamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not cracking? | sizçartlamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not cracking? | alaçartlamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not cracking? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mençartlağan bolmazmaI can't have cracked | sençartlağan bolmazsayou can't have cracked | olçartlağan bolmazhe can't have cracked | bizçartlağan bolmazbızwe can't have cracked | sizçartlağan bolmazsızyou all can't have cracked | alaçartlağan bolmazlathey can't have cracked |
| Inference — double negation | mençartlamağan bolmazmaI must have cracked (emphatic) | sençartlamağan bolmazsayou must have cracked (emphatic) | olçartlamağan bolmazhe must have cracked (emphatic) | bizçartlamağan bolmazbızwe must have cracked (emphatic) | sizçartlamağan bolmazsızyou all must have cracked (emphatic) | alaçartlamağan bolmazlathey must have cracked (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mençartlağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had cracked | sençartlağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had cracked | olçartlağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had cracked | bizçartlağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had cracked | sizçartlağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had cracked | alaçartlağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had cracked |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mençartlamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't cracked | sençartlamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't cracked | olçartlamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't cracked | bizçartlamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't cracked | sizçartlamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't cracked | alaçartlamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't cracked |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mençartlarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to crack | sençartlarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to crack | olçartlarıq bolmazhe can't be going to crack | bizçartlarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to crack | sizçartlarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to crack | alaçartlarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to crack |
| Inference, future — double negation | mençartlamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to crack (emphatic) | sençartlamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to crack (emphatic) | olçartlamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to crack (emphatic) | bizçartlamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to crack (emphatic) | sizçartlamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to crack (emphatic) | alaçartlamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to crack (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mençartlarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to crack | sençartlarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to crack | olçartlarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to crack | bizçartlarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to crack | sizçartlarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to crack | alaçartlarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to crack |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mençartlamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to crack | sençartlamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to crack | olçartlamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to crack | bizçartlamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to crack | sizçartlamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to crack | alaçartlamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to crack |