şağırey
/ʃaʁɯrej/ · plural şağıreyle
1. acquaintance, someone one knows, friend
- anı şağıreyi — an acquaintance of his
- meni şağıreyim — an acquaintance of mine
- igi şağırey — a good acquaintance
- şağıreyi köb adam — a person with many acquaintances
- ala igi şağıreyledile — they are good acquaintances
- şağıreylerime tübedim — I met my acquaintances
- tıŋılı şağıreyim joqdu — I have no close acquaintance
2. familiar, known, met before — With bla it means acquainted with a person or thing. şağırey bolurğa means get acquainted with someone or become familiar with something; şağırey eterge means introduce someone to someone or acquaint someone with something.
- şağırey maqam — a familiar tune
- şağırey adam — a person one knows
- şağırey awaz — a familiar voice
- şağırey jerle — familiar places
- şağırey tawlarım — my familiar mountains
- az şağırey adamla — people one hardly knows
- bu adam menŋe şağıreydi — this person is familiar to me
- ol zat malçılağa şağıreydi — that thing is familiar to the herders
- ol qoş bla şağırey edim — I was familiar with that camp
- dinibiz bla şağırey — familiar with our religion
- jeri bla da şağırey bolğandıla — they got acquainted with the land too
- meni şohlarıŋ bla şağırey et — introduce me to your friends
- ekibiz da şağırey tilde söleşeyik — let's both speak in a language we know
Expressions
- şağırey jawluq eterge — betray one's own
As a noun
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | şağıreythe acquaintance | şağıreyimmy acquaintance | şağıreyiŋyour acquaintance | şağıreyihis acquaintance | şağıreyibizour acquaintance | şağıreyigizyou all's acquaintance | şağıreyleritheir acquaintances |
| Genitive | şağıreynithe acquaintance's | şağıreyimimy acquaintance's | şağıreyiŋiyour acquaintance's | şağıreyinihis acquaintance's | şağıreyibizniour acquaintance's | şağıreyigizniyou all's acquaintance's | şağıreylerinitheir acquaintances' |
| Accusative | şağıreynithe acquaintance (as the object) | şağıreyimimy acquaintance (as the object) | şağıreyiŋiyour acquaintance (as the object) | şağıreyinhis acquaintance (as the object) | şağıreyibizniour acquaintance (as the object) | şağıreyigizniyou all's acquaintance (as the object) | şağıreylerintheir acquaintances (as the object) |
| Dative | şağıreygeto the acquaintance | şağıreyimeto my acquaintance | şağıreyiŋeto your acquaintance | şağıreyineto his acquaintance | şağıreyibizgeto our acquaintance | şağıreyigizgeto you all's acquaintance | şağıreylerineto their acquaintances |
| Locative | şağıreydein / at the acquaintance | şağıreyimdein / at my acquaintance | şağıreyiŋdein / at your acquaintance | şağıreyindein / at his acquaintance | şağıreyibizdein / at our acquaintance | şağıreyigizdein / at you all's acquaintance | şağıreylerindein / at their acquaintances |
| Ablative | şağıreydenfrom the acquaintance | şağıreyimdenfrom my acquaintance | şağıreyiŋdenfrom your acquaintance | şağıreyindenfrom his acquaintance | şağıreyibizdenfrom our acquaintance | şağıreyigizdenfrom you all's acquaintance | şağıreylerindenfrom their acquaintances |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | şağıreylethe acquaintances | şağıreylerimmy acquaintances | şağıreyleriŋyour acquaintances | şağıreylerihis acquaintances | şağıreyleribizour acquaintances | şağıreylerigizyou all's acquaintances | şağıreyleritheir acquaintances |
| Genitive | şağıreylenithe acquaintances' | şağıreylerimimy acquaintances' | şağıreyleriŋiyour acquaintances' | şağıreylerinihis acquaintances' | şağıreyleribizniour acquaintances' | şağıreylerigizniyou all's acquaintances' | şağıreylerinitheir acquaintances' |
| Accusative | şağıreylenithe acquaintances (as the object) | şağıreylerimimy acquaintances (as the object) | şağıreyleriŋiyour acquaintances (as the object) | şağıreylerinhis acquaintances (as the object) | şağıreyleribizniour acquaintances (as the object) | şağıreylerigizniyou all's acquaintances (as the object) | şağıreylerintheir acquaintances (as the object) |
| Dative | şağıreylegeto the acquaintances | şağıreylerimeto my acquaintances | şağıreyleriŋeto your acquaintances | şağıreylerineto his acquaintances | şağıreyleribizgeto our acquaintances | şağıreylerigizgeto you all's acquaintances | şağıreylerineto their acquaintances |
| Locative | şağıreyledein / at the acquaintances | şağıreylerimdein / at my acquaintances | şağıreyleriŋdein / at your acquaintances | şağıreylerindein / at his acquaintances | şağıreyleribizdein / at our acquaintances | şağıreylerigizdein / at you all's acquaintances | şağıreylerindein / at their acquaintances |
| Ablative | şağıreyledenfrom the acquaintances | şağıreylerimdenfrom my acquaintances | şağıreyleriŋdenfrom your acquaintances | şağıreylerindenfrom his acquaintances | şağıreyleribizdenfrom our acquaintances | şağıreylerigizdenfrom you all's acquaintances | şağıreylerindenfrom their acquaintances |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: şağıreyleri can mean "his / her acquaintances", "their acquaintance", or "their acquaintances" — context decides.
Whose it is
| Case | one thing, one owner | several things, one owner | one thing, several owners | several things, several owners |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | şağıreynikithe acquaintance's one | şağıreynikilethe acquaintance's ones | şağıreylenikithe acquaintances' one | şağıreylenikilethe acquaintances' ones |
| Genitive | şağıreynikiniof the acquaintance's one | şağıreynikileniof the acquaintance's ones | şağıreylenikiniof the acquaintances' one | şağıreylenikileniof the acquaintances' ones |
| Accusative | şağıreynikinthe acquaintance's one (as the object) | şağıreynikilenithe acquaintance's ones (as the object) | şağıreylenikinthe acquaintances' one (as the object) | şağıreylenikilenithe acquaintances' ones (as the object) |
| Dative | şağıreynikineto the acquaintance's one | şağıreynikilegeto the acquaintance's ones | şağıreylenikineto the acquaintances' one | şağıreylenikilegeto the acquaintances' ones |
| Locative | şağıreynikindein / at the acquaintance's one | şağıreynikiledein / at the acquaintance's ones | şağıreylenikindein / at the acquaintances' one | şağıreylenikiledein / at the acquaintances' ones |
| Ablative | şağıreynikindenfrom the acquaintance's one | şağıreynikiledenfrom the acquaintance's ones | şağıreylenikindenfrom the acquaintances' one | şağıreylenikiledenfrom the acquaintances' ones |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
As an adjective
Saying it about someone
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | şağıreymeI am familiar | şağıreyseyou are familiar | şağıreydihe is familiar | şağıreybizwe are familiar | şağıreysizyou all are familiar | şağıreydilethey are familiar |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden şağıreydi — "compared to me, he is familiar."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki şağıreydimine is familiar | seniki şağıreydiyours is familiar | anıqı şağıreydihis is familiar | bizniki şağıreydiours is familiar | sizniki şağıreydiyours (pl.) is familiar | alanıqı şağıreyditheirs is familiar |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile şağıreydilemine are familiar | senikile şağıreydileyours are familiar | anıqıla şağıreydilehis are familiar | biznikile şağıreydileours are familiar | siznikile şağıreydileyours (pl.) are familiar | alanıqıla şağıreydiletheirs are familiar |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu şağıreydi, bıla şağıreydile. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".