tozurarğa
/tozurarʁa/
1. wear out, grow threadbare, become shabby
- paltonu tozurağandı — his coat has worn out
- Appanı tonu tozurağandı — Grandfather's coat has worn out
- tozurağan kiyim — threadbare clothing
- üy tozurab baradı — the house is falling into decay
- meni başlığım tozurağandı — my hood has worn thin
2. become tousled, become disheveled, come undone, fray — Said especially of hair coming loose, of cloth fraying at the edges, and of clothing in complete disorder.
- tozurağan çaç — tousled hair
- çaçı tozurab keledi — she comes with her hair undone
- çaçı tozurab, üyge keldi — she came home with her hair disheveled
- üsü-başı tozurağandı — his clothes are in complete disarray
- jibi tozurağandı — its thread has frayed
- tozurağan tonun mahtar — the ragged one praises his own coat
3. grow decrepit, be worn down, fall into ruin — Said of old people, of troops battered in fighting, and of a household or state allowed to decline.
- qart tozurağandı — the old man has grown decrepit
- mülk tozuradı — the household fell into ruin
- tozurağan qral — a ruined state
- asker uruşlada tozurağandı — the army was worn down in the battles
- el tozurab qaldı — the village fell into ruin
Conjugation
Common forms
- tozuraydıhe is wearing out
- tozuradıhe wore out
- tozurağandıhe has worn out
- tozurarhe will wear out
- tozurarıqdıhe is going to wear out
- tozuray edihe was wearing out
- tozurasaif he wears out
- tozura!wear out!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentozuraymaI am wearing out | sentozuraysayou are wearing out | oltozuraydıhe is wearing out | biztozuraybızwe are wearing out | siztozuraysızyou all are wearing out | alatozuraydılathey are wearing out |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentozuramaymaI am not wearing out | sentozuramaysayou are not wearing out | oltozuramaydıhe is not wearing out | biztozuramaybızwe are not wearing out | siztozuramaysızyou all are not wearing out | alatozuramaydılathey are not wearing out |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentozuraymamı? tozuraymıma?am I wearing out? | sentozuraymısa?are you wearing out? | oltozuraymıdı?is he wearing out? | biztozuraybızmı? tozuraymıbız?are we wearing out? | siztozuraymısız?are you all wearing out? | alatozuraymıdıla?are they wearing out? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentozuramaymamı? tozuramaymıma?aren't I wearing out? | sentozuramaymısa?aren't you wearing out? | oltozuramaymıdı?isn't he wearing out? | biztozuramaybızmı? tozuramaymıbız?aren't we wearing out? | siztozuramaymısız?aren't you all wearing out? | alatozuramaymıdıla?aren't they wearing out? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentozurawçanmaI usually wear out | sentozurawçansayou usually wear out | oltozurawçandıhe usually wears out | biztozurawçanbızwe usually wear out | siztozurawçansızyou all usually wear out | alatozurawçandılathey usually wear out |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentozuramawçanmaI usually don't wear out | sentozuramawçansayou usually don't wear out | oltozuramawçandıhe usually doesn't wear out | biztozuramawçanbızwe usually don't wear out | siztozuramawçansızyou all usually don't wear out | alatozuramawçandılathey usually don't wear out |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentozurawçanmamı? tozurawçanmıma?do I usually wear out? | sentozurawçanmısa?do you usually wear out? | oltozurawçanmıdı?does he usually wear out? | biztozurawçanbızmı? tozurawçanmıbız?do we usually wear out? | siztozurawçanmısız?do you all usually wear out? | alatozurawçanmıdıla?do they usually wear out? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentozuramawçanmamı? tozuramawçanmıma?do I usually not wear out? | sentozuramawçanmısa?do you usually not wear out? | oltozuramawçanmıdı?does he usually not wear out? | biztozuramawçanbızmı? tozuramawçanmıbız?do we usually not wear out? | siztozuramawçanmısız?do you all usually not wear out? | alatozuramawçanmıdıla?do they usually not wear out? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltozurabdıhe has worn out and remains so | alatozurabdılathey have worn out and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltozurabmıdı?has he worn out? | alatozurabmıdıla?have they worn out? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentozurab turamaI keep wearing out | sentozurab turasayou keep wearing out | oltozurab turadıhe keeps wearing out | biztozurab turabızwe keep wearing out | siztozurab turasızyou all keep wearing out | alatozurab turadılathey keep wearing out |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentozurab turmaymaI don't keep wearing out | sentozurab turmaysayou don't keep wearing out | oltozurab turmaydıhe doesn't keep wearing out | biztozurab turmaybızwe don't keep wearing out | siztozurab turmaysızyou all don't keep wearing out | alatozurab turmaydılathey don't keep wearing out |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentozurab turamamı? tozurab turamıma?do I keep wearing out? | sentozurab turamısa?do you keep wearing out? | oltozurab turamıdı?does he keep wearing out? | biztozurab turabızmı? tozurab turamıbız?do we keep wearing out? | siztozurab turamısız?do you all keep wearing out? | alatozurab turamıdıla?do they keep wearing out? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentozurab turmaymamı? tozurab turmaymıma?don't I keep wearing out? | sentozurab turmaymısa?don't you keep wearing out? | oltozurab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep wearing out? | biztozurab turmaybızmı? tozurab turmaymıbız?don't we keep wearing out? | siztozurab turmaymısız?don't you all keep wearing out? | alatozurab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep wearing out? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentozuray turamaI am in the middle of wearing out | sentozuray turasayou are in the middle of wearing out | oltozuray turadıhe is in the middle of wearing out | biztozuray turabızwe are in the middle of wearing out | siztozuray turasızyou all are in the middle of wearing out | alatozuray turadılathey are in the middle of wearing out |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentozuray turmaymaI am not in the middle of wearing out | sentozuray turmaysayou are not in the middle of wearing out | oltozuray turmaydıhe is not in the middle of wearing out | biztozuray turmaybızwe are not in the middle of wearing out | siztozuray turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of wearing out | alatozuray turmaydılathey are not in the middle of wearing out |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentozuray turamamı? tozuray turamıma?am I in the middle of wearing out? | sentozuray turamısa?are you in the middle of wearing out? | oltozuray turamıdı?is he in the middle of wearing out? | biztozuray turabızmı? tozuray turamıbız?are we in the middle of wearing out? | siztozuray turamısız?are you all in the middle of wearing out? | alatozuray turamıdıla?are they in the middle of wearing out? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentozuray turmaymamı? tozuray turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of wearing out? | sentozuray turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of wearing out? | oltozuray turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of wearing out? | biztozuray turmaybızmı? tozuray turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of wearing out? | siztozuray turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of wearing out? | alatozuray turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of wearing out? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentozuradımI wore out | sentozuradıŋyou wore out | oltozuradıhe wore out | biztozuradıqwe wore out | siztozuradığızyou all wore out | alatozuradılathey wore out |
| Simple past (definite) | mentozuramadımI didn't wear out | sentozuramadıŋyou didn't wear out | oltozuramadıhe didn't wear out | biztozuramadıqwe didn't wear out | siztozuramadığızyou all didn't wear out | alatozuramadılathey didn't wear out |
| Simple past (definite) | mentozuradımmı?did I wear out? | sentozuradıŋmı?did you wear out? | oltozuradımı?did he wear out? | biztozuradıqmı?did we wear out? | siztozuradığızmı?did you all wear out? | alatozuradılamı?did they wear out? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentozuramadımmı?didn't I wear out? | sentozuramadıŋmı?didn't you wear out? | oltozuramadımı?didn't he wear out? | biztozuramadıqmı?didn't we wear out? | siztozuramadığızmı?didn't you all wear out? | alatozuramadılamı?didn't they wear out? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentozurağanmaI have worn out | sentozurağansayou have worn out | oltozurağandıhe has worn out | biztozurağanbızwe have worn out | siztozurağansızyou all have worn out | alatozurağandılathey have worn out |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentozuramağanmaI haven't worn out | sentozuramağansayou haven't worn out | oltozuramağandıhe hasn't worn out | biztozuramağanbızwe haven't worn out | siztozuramağansızyou all haven't worn out | alatozuramağandılathey haven't worn out |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentozurağanmamı? tozurağanmıma?have I worn out? | sentozurağanmısa?have you worn out? | oltozurağanmıdı?has he worn out? | biztozurağanbızmı? tozurağanmıbız?have we worn out? | siztozurağanmısız?have you all worn out? | alatozurağanmıdıla?have they worn out? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentozuramağanmamı? tozuramağanmıma?haven't I worn out? | sentozuramağanmısa?haven't you worn out? | oltozuramağanmıdı?hasn't he worn out? | biztozuramağanbızmı? tozuramağanmıbız?haven't we worn out? | siztozuramağanmısız?haven't you all worn out? | alatozuramağanmıdıla?haven't they worn out? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentozurab turdumI kept wearing out | sentozurab turduŋyou kept wearing out | oltozurab turduhe kept wearing out | biztozurab turduqwe kept wearing out | siztozurab turduğuzyou all kept wearing out | alatozurab turdulathey kept wearing out |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentozurab turmadımI didn't keep wearing out | sentozurab turmadıŋyou didn't keep wearing out | oltozurab turmadıhe didn't keep wearing out | biztozurab turmadıqwe didn't keep wearing out | siztozurab turmadığızyou all didn't keep wearing out | alatozurab turmadılathey didn't keep wearing out |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentozurarmaI will wear out | sentozurarsayou will wear out | oltozurarhe will wear out | biztozurarbızwe will wear out | siztozurarsızyou all will wear out | alatozurarlathey will wear out |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentozuramazmaI won't wear out | sentozuramazsayou won't wear out | oltozuramazhe won't wear out | biztozuramazbızwe won't wear out | siztozuramazsızyou all won't wear out | alatozuramazlathey won't wear out |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentozurarmamı? tozurarmıma?will I wear out? | sentozurarmısa?will you wear out? | oltozurarmı?will he wear out? | biztozurarbızmı? tozurarmıbız?will we wear out? | siztozurarmısız?will you all wear out? | alatozurarlamı? tozurarmıla?will they wear out? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentozuramazmamı? tozuramazmıma?won't I wear out? | sentozuramazmısa?won't you wear out? | oltozuramazmı?won't he wear out? | biztozuramazbızmı? tozuramazmıbız?won't we wear out? | siztozuramazmısız?won't you all wear out? | alatozuramazlamı? tozuramazmıla?won't they wear out? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentozurarıqmaI am going to wear out | sentozurarıqsayou are going to wear out | oltozurarıqdıhe is going to wear out | biztozurarıqbızwe are going to wear out | siztozurarıqsızyou all are going to wear out | alatozurarıqdılathey are going to wear out |
| Definite future (future II) | mentozurarıq tülmeI am not going to wear out | sentozurarıq tülseyou are not going to wear out | oltozurarıq tüldühe is not going to wear out | biztozurarıq tülbüzwe are not going to wear out | siztozurarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to wear out | alatozurarıq tüldülethey are not going to wear out |
| Definite future (future II) | mentozurarıqmamı? tozurarıqmıma?am I going to wear out? | sentozurarıqmısa?are you going to wear out? | oltozurarıqmıdı?is he going to wear out? | biztozurarıqbızmı? tozurarıqmıbız?are we going to wear out? | siztozurarıqmısız?are you all going to wear out? | alatozurarıqmıdıla?are they going to wear out? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentozurarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to wear out? | sentozurarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to wear out? | oltozurarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to wear out? | biztozurarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to wear out? | siztozurarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to wear out? | alatozurarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to wear out? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentozurağan edimtozurağanemI had worn out | sentozurağan ediŋtozurağaneŋyou had worn out | oltozurağan editozurağanedhe had worn out | biztozurağan ediktozurağanekwe had worn out | siztozurağan edigiztozurağanegizyou all had worn out | alatozurağan ediletozurağanellethey had worn out |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentozuramağan edimtozuramağanemI hadn't worn out | sentozuramağan ediŋtozuramağaneŋyou hadn't worn out | oltozuramağan editozuramağanedhe hadn't worn out | biztozuramağan ediktozuramağanekwe hadn't worn out | siztozuramağan edigiztozuramağanegizyou all hadn't worn out | alatozuramağan ediletozuramağanellethey hadn't worn out |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentozuray edimtozurayemI was wearing out | sentozuray ediŋtozurayeŋyou were wearing out | oltozuray editozurayedhe was wearing out | biztozuray ediktozurayekwe were wearing out | siztozuray edigiztozurayegizyou all were wearing out | alatozuray ediletozurayellethey were wearing out |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentozuramay edimtozuramayemI wasn't wearing out | sentozuramay ediŋtozuramayeŋyou weren't wearing out | oltozuramay editozuramayedhe wasn't wearing out | biztozuramay ediktozuramayekwe weren't wearing out | siztozuramay edigiztozuramayegizyou all weren't wearing out | alatozuramay ediletozuramayellethey weren't wearing out |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mentozurawçan edimtozurawçanemI used to wear out | sentozurawçan ediŋtozurawçaneŋyou used to wear out | oltozurawçan editozurawçanedhe used to wear out | biztozurawçan ediktozurawçanekwe used to wear out | siztozurawçan edigiztozurawçanegizyou all used to wear out | alatozurawçan ediletozurawçanellethey used to wear out |
| Habitual past (used to) | mentozuramawçan edimtozuramawçanemI didn't use to wear out | sentozuramawçan ediŋtozuramawçaneŋyou didn't use to wear out | oltozuramawçan editozuramawçanedhe didn't use to wear out | biztozuramawçan ediktozuramawçanekwe didn't use to wear out | siztozuramawçan edigiztozuramawçanegizyou all didn't use to wear out | alatozuramawçan ediletozuramawçanellethey didn't use to wear out |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltozurab edihe had worn out and remained so | alatozurab edilethey had worn out and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltozurab tül edihe hadn't worn out | alatozurab tül edilethey hadn't worn out | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentozurab tura edimtozurab turaemI had kept wearing out | sentozurab tura ediŋtozurab turaeŋyou had kept wearing out | oltozurab tura editozurab turaedhe had kept wearing out | biztozurab tura ediktozurab turaekwe had kept wearing out | siztozurab tura edigiztozurab turaegizyou all had kept wearing out | alatozurab tura ediletozurab turaellethey had kept wearing out |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentozurab turmay edimtozurab turmayemI hadn't kept wearing out | sentozurab turmay ediŋtozurab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept wearing out | oltozurab turmay editozurab turmayedhe hadn't kept wearing out | biztozurab turmay ediktozurab turmayekwe hadn't kept wearing out | siztozurab turmay edigiztozurab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept wearing out | alatozurab turmay ediletozurab turmayellethey hadn't kept wearing out |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentozuray tura edimtozuray turaemI was in the middle of wearing out | sentozuray tura ediŋtozuray turaeŋyou were in the middle of wearing out | oltozuray tura editozuray turaedhe was in the middle of wearing out | biztozuray tura ediktozuray turaekwe were in the middle of wearing out | siztozuray tura edigiztozuray turaegizyou all were in the middle of wearing out | alatozuray tura ediletozuray turaellethey were in the middle of wearing out |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentozuray turmay edimtozuray turmayemI wasn't in the middle of wearing out | sentozuray turmay ediŋtozuray turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of wearing out | oltozuray turmay editozuray turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of wearing out | biztozuray turmay ediktozuray turmayekwe weren't in the middle of wearing out | siztozuray turmay edigiztozuray turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of wearing out | alatozuray turmay ediletozuray turmayellethey weren't in the middle of wearing out |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentozurar edimtozurar emI would wear out | sentozurar ediŋtozurar eŋyou would wear out | oltozurar editozurar edhe would wear out | biztozurar ediktozurar ekwe would wear out | siztozurar edigiztozurar egizyou all would wear out | alatozurar ediletozurar ellethey would wear out |
| Conditional result (would) | mentozuramaz edimtozuramaz emI wouldn't wear out | sentozuramaz ediŋtozuramaz eŋyou wouldn't wear out | oltozuramaz editozuramaz edhe wouldn't wear out | biztozuramaz ediktozuramaz ekwe wouldn't wear out | siztozuramaz edigiztozuramaz egizyou all wouldn't wear out | alatozuramaz ediletozuramaz ellethey wouldn't wear out |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentozurarıq edimtozurarıq emI would have worn out | sentozurarıq ediŋtozurarıq eŋyou would have worn out | oltozurarıq editozurarıq edhe would have worn out | biztozurarıq ediktozurarıq ekwe would have worn out | siztozurarıq edigiztozurarıq egizyou all would have worn out | alatozurarıq ediletozurarıq ellethey would have worn out |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentozurarıq tül edimtozurarıq tül emI wouldn't have worn out | sentozurarıq tül ediŋtozurarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have worn out | oltozurarıq tül editozurarıq tül edhe wouldn't have worn out | biztozurarıq tül ediktozurarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have worn out | siztozurarıq tül edigiztozurarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have worn out | alatozurarıq tül ediletozurarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have worn out |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mentozurasamif I wear out | sentozurasaŋif you wear out | oltozurasaif he wears out | biztozurasaqif we wear out | siztozurasağızif you all wear out | alatozurasalaif they wear out |
| Conditional | mentozuramasamif I don't wear out | sentozuramasaŋif you don't wear out | oltozuramasaif he doesn't wear out | biztozuramasaqif we don't wear out | siztozuramasağızif you all don't wear out | alatozuramasalaif they don't wear out |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentozuray esemif I am wearing out | sentozuray eseŋif you are wearing out | oltozuray eseif he is wearing out | biztozuray esekif we are wearing out | siztozuray esegizif you all are wearing out | alatozuray eseleif they are wearing out |
| Conditional, present real | mentozuramay esemif I am not wearing out | sentozuramay eseŋif you are not wearing out | oltozuramay eseif he is not wearing out | biztozuramay esekif we are not wearing out | siztozuramay esegizif you all are not wearing out | alatozuramay eseleif they are not wearing out |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentozurasam editozurasam edif only I wore out | sentozurasaŋ editozurasaŋ edif only you wore out | oltozurasa editozurasaedif only he wore out | biztozurasaq editozurasaq edif only we wore out | siztozurasağız editozurasağız edif only you all wore out | alatozurasala editozurasalaedif only they wore out |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentozuramasam editozuramasam edif only I didn't wear out | sentozuramasaŋ editozuramasaŋ edif only you didn't wear out | oltozuramasa editozuramasaedif only he didn't wear out | biztozuramasaq editozuramasaq edif only we didn't wear out | siztozuramasağız editozuramasağız edif only you all didn't wear out | alatozuramasala editozuramasalaedif only they didn't wear out |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentozurab tursamif I carry on wearing out | sentozurab tursaŋif you carry on wearing out | oltozurab tursaif he carries on wearing out | biztozurab tursaqif we carry on wearing out | siztozurab tursağızif you all carry on wearing out | alatozurab tursalaif they carry on wearing out |
| Durative conditional | mentozurab turmasamif I don't carry on wearing out | sentozurab turmasaŋif you don't carry on wearing out | oltozurab turmasaif he doesn't carry on wearing out | biztozurab turmasaqif we don't carry on wearing out | siztozurab turmasağızif you all don't carry on wearing out | alatozurab turmasalaif they don't carry on wearing out |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentozurab tura esemif I have kept wearing out | sentozurab tura eseŋif you have kept wearing out | oltozurab tura eseif he has kept wearing out | biztozurab tura esekif we have kept wearing out | siztozurab tura esegizif you all have kept wearing out | alatozurab tura eseleif they have kept wearing out |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentozurab turmay esemif I haven't kept wearing out | sentozurab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept wearing out | oltozurab turmay eseif he hasn't kept wearing out | biztozurab turmay esekif we haven't kept wearing out | siztozurab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept wearing out | alatozurab turmay eseleif they haven't kept wearing out |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentozuray tursamif I keep wearing out | sentozuray tursaŋif you keep wearing out | oltozuray tursaif he keeps wearing out | biztozuray tursaqif we keep wearing out | siztozuray tursağızif you all keep wearing out | alatozuray tursalaif they keep wearing out |
| Progressive conditional | mentozuramay tursamif I keep on not wearing out | sentozuramay tursaŋif you keep on not wearing out | oltozuramay tursaif he keeps on not wearing out | biztozuramay tursaqif we keep on not wearing out | siztozuramay tursağızif you all keep on not wearing out | alatozuramay tursalaif they keep on not wearing out |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentozuray tura esemif I am in the middle of wearing out | sentozuray tura eseŋif you are in the middle of wearing out | oltozuray tura eseif he is in the middle of wearing out | biztozuray tura esekif we are in the middle of wearing out | siztozuray tura esegizif you all are in the middle of wearing out | alatozuray tura eseleif they are in the middle of wearing out |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentozuramay tura esemif I keep on not wearing out | sentozuramay tura eseŋif you keep on not wearing out | oltozuramay tura eseif he keeps on not wearing out | biztozuramay tura esekif we keep on not wearing out | siztozuramay tura esegizif you all keep on not wearing out | alatozuramay tura eseleif they keep on not wearing out |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentozuradım esemif I wore out | sentozuradıŋ eseŋif you wore out | oltozuradı eseif he wore out | biztozuradıq esekif we wore out | siztozuradığız esegizif you all wore out | alatozuradıla eseleif they wore out |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentozuramadım esemif I didn't wear out | sentozuramadıŋ eseŋif you didn't wear out | oltozuramadı eseif he didn't wear out | biztozuramadıq esekif we didn't wear out | siztozuramadığız esegizif you all didn't wear out | alatozuramadıla eseleif they didn't wear out |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mentozurağan esemif I did wear out (indeed) | sentozurağan eseŋif you did wear out (indeed) | oltozurağan eseif he did wear out (indeed) | biztozurağan esekif we did wear out (indeed) | siztozurağan esegizif you all did wear out (indeed) | alatozurağan eseleif they did wear out (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mentozuramağan esemif I didn't wear out (indeed) | sentozuramağan eseŋif you didn't wear out (indeed) | oltozuramağan eseif he didn't wear out (indeed) | biztozuramağan esekif we didn't wear out (indeed) | siztozuramağan esegizif you all didn't wear out (indeed) | alatozuramağan eseleif they didn't wear out (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentozurağan bolsamif I had worn out | sentozurağan bolsaŋif you had worn out | oltozurağan bolsaif he had worn out | biztozurağan bolsaqif we had worn out | siztozurağan bolsağızif you all had worn out | alatozurağan bolsalaif they had worn out |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentozuramağan bolsamif I hadn't worn out | sentozuramağan bolsaŋif you hadn't worn out | oltozuramağan bolsaif he hadn't worn out | biztozuramağan bolsaqif we hadn't worn out | siztozuramağan bolsağızif you all hadn't worn out | alatozuramağan bolsalaif they hadn't worn out |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentozurağan bolsam editozurağan bolsam edif only I had worn out | sentozurağan bolsaŋ editozurağan bolsaŋ edif only you had worn out | oltozurağan bolsa editozurağan bolsaedif only he had worn out | biztozurağan bolsaq editozurağan bolsaq edif only we had worn out | siztozurağan bolsağız editozurağan bolsağız edif only you all had worn out | alatozurağan bolsala editozurağan bolsalaedif only they had worn out |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentozuramağan bolsam editozuramağan bolsam edif only I hadn't worn out | sentozuramağan bolsaŋ editozuramağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't worn out | oltozuramağan bolsa editozuramağan bolsaedif only he hadn't worn out | biztozuramağan bolsaq editozuramağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't worn out | siztozuramağan bolsağız editozuramağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't worn out | alatozuramağan bolsala editozuramağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't worn out |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentozurar esemif I will wear out | sentozurar eseŋif you will wear out | oltozurar eseif he will wear out | biztozurar esekif we will wear out | siztozurar esegizif you all will wear out | alatozurar eseleif they will wear out |
| Conditional, aorist | mentozuramaz esemif I won't wear out | sentozuramaz eseŋif you won't wear out | oltozuramaz eseif he won't wear out | biztozuramaz esekif we won't wear out | siztozuramaz esegizif you all won't wear out | alatozuramaz eseleif they won't wear out |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mentozurarıq esemif I am going to wear out | sentozurarıq eseŋif you are going to wear out | oltozurarıq eseif he is going to wear out | biztozurarıq esekif we are going to wear out | siztozurarıq esegizif you all are going to wear out | alatozurarıq eseleif they are going to wear out |
| Conditional, future | mentozurarıq tül esemif I am not going to wear out | sentozurarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to wear out | oltozurarıq tül eseif he is not going to wear out | biztozurarıq tül esekif we are not going to wear out | siztozurarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to wear out | alatozurarıq tül eseleif they are not going to wear out |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentozurarıq bolsamif I were going to wear out | sentozurarıq bolsaŋif you were going to wear out | oltozurarıq bolsaif he were going to wear out | biztozurarıq bolsaqif we were going to wear out | siztozurarıq bolsağızif you all were going to wear out | alatozurarıq bolsalaif they were going to wear out |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentozuramazlıq bolsamif I were not going to wear out | sentozuramazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to wear out | oltozuramazlıq bolsaif he were not going to wear out | biztozuramazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to wear out | siztozuramazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to wear out | alatozuramazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to wear out |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso tozuradıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentozuray bolurmaI must be wearing out | sentozuray bolursayou must be wearing out | oltozuray bolurhe must be wearing out | biztozuray bolurbuzwe must be wearing out | siztozuray bolursuzyou all must be wearing out | alatozuray bolurlathey must be wearing out |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentozuramay bolurmaI must not be wearing out | sentozuramay bolursayou must not be wearing out | oltozuramay bolurhe must not be wearing out | biztozuramay bolurbuzwe must not be wearing out | siztozuramay bolursuzyou all must not be wearing out | alatozuramay bolurlathey must not be wearing out |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentozuray tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of wearing out | sentozuray tura bolursayou must be in the middle of wearing out | oltozuray tura bolurhe must be in the middle of wearing out | biztozuray tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of wearing out | siztozuray tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of wearing out | alatozuray tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of wearing out |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentozuramay tura bolurmaI must keep on not wearing out | sentozuramay tura bolursayou must keep on not wearing out | oltozuramay tura bolurhe must keep on not wearing out | biztozuramay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not wearing out | siztozuramay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not wearing out | alatozuramay tura bolurlathey must keep on not wearing out |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mentozurağan bolurmaI must have worn out | sentozurağan bolursayou must have worn out | oltozurağan bolurhe must have worn out | biztozurağan bolurbuzwe must have worn out | siztozurağan bolursuzyou all must have worn out | alatozurağan bolurlathey must have worn out |
| Inference (must have) | mentozuramağan bolurmaI must not have worn out | sentozuramağan bolursayou must not have worn out | oltozuramağan bolurhe must not have worn out | biztozuramağan bolurbuzwe must not have worn out | siztozuramağan bolursuzyou all must not have worn out | alatozuramağan bolurlathey must not have worn out |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentozurarıq bolurmaI must be going to wear out | sentozurarıq bolursayou must be going to wear out | oltozurarıq bolurhe must be going to wear out | biztozurarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to wear out | siztozurarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to wear out | alatozurarıq bolurlathey must be going to wear out |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentozuramazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to wear out | sentozuramazlıq bolursayou must not be going to wear out | oltozuramazlıq bolurhe must not be going to wear out | biztozuramazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to wear out | siztozuramazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to wear out | alatozuramazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to wear out |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentozurayımlet me wear out | sentozura!wear out! | oltozurasınlet him wear out | biztozurayıqlet's wear out | siztozurağız!wear out, you all! | alatozurasınlalet them wear out |
| Commands & suggestions | mentozuramayımlet me not wear out | sentozurama!don't wear out! | oltozuramasınlet him not wear out | biztozuramayıqlet's not wear out | siztozuramağız!don't wear out, you all! | alatozuramasınlalet them not wear out |
| Commands & suggestions | mentozurayımmı?shall I wear out? | oltozurasınmı?should he wear out? | biztozurayıqmı?shall we wear out? | alatozurasınlamı?should they wear out? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mentozuramayımmı?shall I not wear out? | oltozuramasınmı?should he not wear out? | biztozuramayıqmı?shall we not wear out? | alatozuramasınlamı?should they not wear out? | ||
| Requests | sentozuraçı2tozuraçınplease wear out | oltozurasınçıdo let him wear out | siztozuraçığızplease wear out (plural/polite) | alatozurasınlaçıdo let them wear out | ||
| Requests | sentozuramaçı2tozuramaçınplease don't wear out | oltozuramasınçıdo let him not wear out | siztozuramaçığızplease don't wear out (plural/polite) | alatozuramasınlaçıdo let them not wear out | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentozurağıntozurağımay you wear out | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentozuramağıntozuramağımay you not wear out | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentozurağay edim tozurağa edimwould that I wore out | sentozurağay ediŋ tozurağa ediŋwould that you wore out | oltozurağay edi tozurağa ediwould that he wore out | biztozurağay edik tozurağa edikwould that we wore out | siztozurağay edigiz tozurağa edigizwould that you all wore out | alatozurağay edile tozurağa edilewould that they wore out |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentozuramağay edim tozuramağa edimwould that I did not wear out | sentozuramağay ediŋ tozuramağa ediŋwould that you did not wear out | oltozuramağay edi tozuramağa ediwould that he did not wear out | biztozuramağay edik tozuramağa edikwould that we did not wear out | siztozuramağay edigiz tozuramağa edigizwould that you all did not wear out | alatozuramağay edile tozuramağa edilewould that they did not wear out |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentozuramağa qoyayımtozurama qoyayımlet me allow someone to wear out | sentozuramağa qoy!tozurama qoy!let someone wear out! | oltozuramağa qoysuntozurama qoysunlet him allow someone to wear out | biztozuramağa qoyayıqtozurama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to wear out | siztozuramağa qoyuğuz!tozurama qoyuğuz!let someone wear out, you all! | alatozuramağa qoysunlatozurama qoysunlalet them allow someone to wear out |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentozuramağa qoymayımtozurama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to wear out | sentozuramağa qoyma!tozurama qoyma!don't let someone wear out! | oltozuramağa qoymasıntozurama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to wear out | biztozuramağa qoymayıqtozurama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to wear out | siztozuramağa qoymağız!tozurama qoymağız!don't let someone wear out, you all! | alatozuramağa qoymasınlatozurama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to wear out |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentozuramağa qoyayımmı?tozurama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to wear out? | oltozuramağa qoysunmu?tozurama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to wear out? | biztozuramağa qoyayıqmı?tozurama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to wear out? | alatozuramağa qoysunlamı?tozurama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to wear out? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentozuramağa qoymayımmı?tozurama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to wear out? | oltozuramağa qoymasınmı?tozurama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to wear out? | biztozuramağa qoymayıqmı?tozurama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to wear out? | alatozuramağa qoymasınlamı?tozurama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to wear out? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mentozuramağa qoyamatozurama qoyamaI allow someone to wear out | sentozuramağa qoyasatozurama qoyasayou allow someone to wear out | oltozuramağa qoyadıtozurama qoyadıhe allows someone to wear out | biztozuramağa qoyabıztozurama qoyabızwe allow someone to wear out | siztozuramağa qoyasıztozurama qoyasızyou all allow someone to wear out | alatozuramağa qoyadılatozurama qoyadılathey allow someone to wear out |
| Let someone… (present) | mentozuramağa qoymaymatozurama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to wear out | sentozuramağa qoymaysatozurama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to wear out | oltozuramağa qoymaydıtozurama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to wear out | biztozuramağa qoymaybıztozurama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to wear out | siztozuramağa qoymaysıztozurama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to wear out | alatozuramağa qoymaydılatozurama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to wear out |
| Let someone… (present) | mentozuramağa qoyamamı?tozurama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to wear out? | sentozuramağa qoyamısa?tozurama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to wear out? | oltozuramağa qoyamıdı?tozurama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to wear out? | biztozuramağa qoyabızmı?tozurama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to wear out? | siztozuramağa qoyamısız?tozurama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to wear out? | alatozuramağa qoyamıdıla?tozurama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to wear out? |
| Let someone… (present) | mentozuramağa qoymaymamı?tozurama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to wear out? | sentozuramağa qoymaymısa?tozurama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to wear out? | oltozuramağa qoymaymıdı?tozurama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to wear out? | biztozuramağa qoymaybızmı?tozurama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to wear out? | siztozuramağa qoymaymısız?tozurama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to wear out? | alatozuramağa qoymaymıdıla?tozurama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to wear out? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentozuramağa qoydumtozurama qoydumI allowed someone to wear out | sentozuramağa qoyduŋtozurama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to wear out | oltozuramağa qoydutozurama qoyduhe allowed someone to wear out | biztozuramağa qoyduqtozurama qoyduqwe allowed someone to wear out | siztozuramağa qoyduğuztozurama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to wear out | alatozuramağa qoydulatozurama qoydulathey allowed someone to wear out |
| Let someone… (past) | mentozuramağa qoymadımtozurama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to wear out | sentozuramağa qoymadıŋtozurama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to wear out | oltozuramağa qoymadıtozurama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to wear out | biztozuramağa qoymadıqtozurama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to wear out | siztozuramağa qoymadığıztozurama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to wear out | alatozuramağa qoymadılatozurama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to wear out |
| Let someone… (past) | mentozuramağa qoydummu?tozurama qoydummu?did I allow someone to wear out? | sentozuramağa qoyduŋmu?tozurama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to wear out? | oltozuramağa qoydumu?tozurama qoydumu?did he allow someone to wear out? | biztozuramağa qoyduqmu?tozurama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to wear out? | siztozuramağa qoyduğuzmu?tozurama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to wear out? | alatozuramağa qoydulamı?tozurama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to wear out? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentozuramağa qoymadımmı?tozurama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to wear out? | sentozuramağa qoymadıŋmı?tozurama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to wear out? | oltozuramağa qoymadımı?tozurama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to wear out? | biztozuramağa qoymadıqmı?tozurama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to wear out? | siztozuramağa qoymadığızmı?tozurama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to wear out? | alatozuramağa qoymadılamı?tozurama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to wear out? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
tozurayalırğa be able to wear out · tozurayalmazğa be unable to wear out
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentozurayalamaI can wear out | sentozurayalasayou can wear out | oltozurayaladıhe can wear out | biztozurayalabızwe can wear out | siztozurayalasızyou all can wear out | alatozurayaladılathey can wear out |
| Ability — present | mentozurayalmaymaI can't wear out | sentozurayalmaysayou can't wear out | oltozurayalmaydıhe can't wear out | biztozurayalmaybızwe can't wear out | siztozurayalmaysızyou all can't wear out | alatozurayalmaydılathey can't wear out |
| Ability — present | mentozurayalamamı? tozurayalamıma?can I wear out? | sentozurayalamısa?can you wear out? | oltozurayalamıdı?can he wear out? | biztozurayalabızmı? tozurayalamıbız?can we wear out? | siztozurayalamısız?can you all wear out? | alatozurayalamıdıla?can they wear out? |
| Ability — present | mentozurayalmaymamı? tozurayalmaymıma?can't I wear out? | sentozurayalmaymısa?can't you wear out? | oltozurayalmaymıdı?can't he wear out? | biztozurayalmaybızmı? tozurayalmaymıbız?can't we wear out? | siztozurayalmaymısız?can't you all wear out? | alatozurayalmaymıdıla?can't they wear out? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentozurayalsamif I can wear out | sentozurayalsaŋif you can wear out | oltozurayalsaif he can wear out | biztozurayalsaqif we can wear out | siztozurayalsağızif you all can wear out | alatozurayalsalaif they can wear out |
| Ability — if I can… | mentozurayalmasamif I can't wear out | sentozurayalmasaŋif you can't wear out | oltozurayalmasaif he can't wear out | biztozurayalmasaqif we can't wear out | siztozurayalmasağızif you all can't wear out | alatozurayalmasalaif they can't wear out |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentozurayaldımI was able to wear out | sentozurayaldıŋyou were able to wear out | oltozurayaldıhe was able to wear out | biztozurayaldıqwe were able to wear out | siztozurayaldığızyou all were able to wear out | alatozurayaldılathey were able to wear out |
| Ability — simple past | mentozurayalmadımI could not wear out | sentozurayalmadıŋyou could not wear out | oltozurayalmadıhe could not wear out | biztozurayalmadıqwe could not wear out | siztozurayalmadığızyou all could not wear out | alatozurayalmadılathey could not wear out |
| Ability — simple past | mentozurayaldımmı?was I able to wear out? | sentozurayaldıŋmı?were you able to wear out? | oltozurayaldımı?was he able to wear out? | biztozurayaldıqmı?were we able to wear out? | siztozurayaldığızmı?were you all able to wear out? | alatozurayaldılamı?were they able to wear out? |
| Ability — simple past | mentozurayalmadımmı?couldn't I wear out? | sentozurayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you wear out? | oltozurayalmadımı?couldn't he wear out? | biztozurayalmadıqmı?couldn't we wear out? | siztozurayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all wear out? | alatozurayalmadılamı?couldn't they wear out? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentozurayalğanmaI have been able to wear out | sentozurayalğansayou have been able to wear out | oltozurayalğandıhe has been able to wear out | biztozurayalğanbızwe have been able to wear out | siztozurayalğansızyou all have been able to wear out | alatozurayalğandılathey have been able to wear out |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentozurayalmağanmaI haven't been able to wear out | sentozurayalmağansayou haven't been able to wear out | oltozurayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to wear out | biztozurayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to wear out | siztozurayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to wear out | alatozurayalmağandılathey haven't been able to wear out |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentozurayalğanmamı? tozurayalğanmıma?have I been able to wear out? | sentozurayalğanmısa?have you been able to wear out? | oltozurayalğanmıdı?has he been able to wear out? | biztozurayalğanbızmı? tozurayalğanmıbız?have we been able to wear out? | siztozurayalğanmısız?have you all been able to wear out? | alatozurayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to wear out? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentozurayalmağanmamı? tozurayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to wear out? | sentozurayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to wear out? | oltozurayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to wear out? | biztozurayalmağanbızmı? tozurayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to wear out? | siztozurayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to wear out? | alatozurayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to wear out? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentozurayalğan edimtozurayalğanemI had been able to wear out | sentozurayalğan ediŋtozurayalğaneŋyou had been able to wear out | oltozurayalğan editozurayalğanedhe had been able to wear out | biztozurayalğan ediktozurayalğanekwe had been able to wear out | siztozurayalğan edigiztozurayalğanegizyou all had been able to wear out | alatozurayalğan ediletozurayalğanellethey had been able to wear out |
| Ability — past perfect | mentozurayalmağan edimtozurayalmağanemI hadn't been able to wear out | sentozurayalmağan ediŋtozurayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to wear out | oltozurayalmağan editozurayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to wear out | biztozurayalmağan ediktozurayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to wear out | siztozurayalmağan edigiztozurayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to wear out | alatozurayalmağan ediletozurayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to wear out |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentozurayala edimtozurayalaemI could wear out | sentozurayala ediŋtozurayalaeŋyou could wear out | oltozurayala editozurayalaedhe could wear out | biztozurayala ediktozurayalaekwe could wear out | siztozurayala edigiztozurayalaegizyou all could wear out | alatozurayala ediletozurayalaellethey could wear out |
| Ability — past background | mentozurayalmay edimtozurayalmayemI could not wear out | sentozurayalmay ediŋtozurayalmayeŋyou could not wear out | oltozurayalmay editozurayalmayedhe could not wear out | biztozurayalmay ediktozurayalmayekwe could not wear out | siztozurayalmay edigiztozurayalmayegizyou all could not wear out | alatozurayalmay ediletozurayalmayellethey could not wear out |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentozurayalırmaI will be able to wear out | sentozurayalırsayou will be able to wear out | oltozurayalırhe will be able to wear out | biztozurayalırbızwe will be able to wear out | siztozurayalırsızyou all will be able to wear out | alatozurayalırlathey will be able to wear out |
| Ability — future I | mentozurayalmazmaI won't be able to wear out | sentozurayalmazsayou won't be able to wear out | oltozurayalmazhe won't be able to wear out | biztozurayalmazbızwe won't be able to wear out | siztozurayalmazsızyou all won't be able to wear out | alatozurayalmazlathey won't be able to wear out |
| Ability — future I | mentozurayalırmamı? tozurayalırmıma?will I be able to wear out? | sentozurayalırmısa?will you be able to wear out? | oltozurayalırmı?will he be able to wear out? | biztozurayalırbızmı? tozurayalırmıbız?will we be able to wear out? | siztozurayalırmısız?will you all be able to wear out? | alatozurayalırlamı? tozurayalırmıla?will they be able to wear out? |
| Ability — future I | mentozurayalmazmamı? tozurayalmazmıma?won't I be able to wear out? | sentozurayalmazmısa?won't you be able to wear out? | oltozurayalmazmı?won't he be able to wear out? | biztozurayalmazbızmı? tozurayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to wear out? | siztozurayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to wear out? | alatozurayalmazlamı? tozurayalmazmıla?won't they be able to wear out? |
| Ability — future II | mentozurayallıqmaI am going to be able to wear out | sentozurayallıqsayou are going to be able to wear out | oltozurayallıqdıhe is going to be able to wear out | biztozurayallıqbızwe are going to be able to wear out | siztozurayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to wear out | alatozurayallıqdılathey are going to be able to wear out |
| Ability — future II | mentozurayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to wear out | sentozurayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to wear out | oltozurayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to wear out | biztozurayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to wear out | siztozurayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to wear out | alatozurayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to wear out |
| Ability — future II | mentozurayallıqmamı? tozurayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to wear out? | sentozurayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to wear out? | oltozurayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to wear out? | biztozurayallıqbızmı? tozurayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to wear out? | siztozurayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to wear out? | alatozurayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to wear out? |
| Ability — future II | mentozurayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to wear out? | sentozurayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to wear out? | oltozurayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to wear out? | biztozurayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to wear out? | siztozurayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to wear out? | alatozurayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to wear out? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentozurayalır edimtozurayalır emI would be able to wear out | sentozurayalır ediŋtozurayalır eŋyou would be able to wear out | oltozurayalır editozurayalır edhe would be able to wear out | biztozurayalır ediktozurayalır ekwe would be able to wear out | siztozurayalır edigiztozurayalır egizyou all would be able to wear out | alatozurayalır ediletozurayalır ellethey would be able to wear out |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentozurayalmaz edimtozurayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to wear out | sentozurayalmaz ediŋtozurayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to wear out | oltozurayalmaz editozurayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to wear out | biztozurayalmaz ediktozurayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to wear out | siztozurayalmaz edigiztozurayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to wear out | alatozurayalmaz ediletozurayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to wear out |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentozurayalğıntozurayalğımay you be able to wear out | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentozurayalmağıntozurayalmağımay you not be able to wear out | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mentozurarğa izleymeI want to wear out | sentozurarğa izleyseyou want to wear out | oltozurarğa izleydihe wants to wear out | biztozurarğa izleybizwe want to wear out | siztozurarğa izleysizyou all want to wear out | alatozurarğa izleydilethey want to wear out |
| want to | mentozurarğa izlemeymeI do not want to wear out | sentozurarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to wear out | oltozurarğa izlemeydihe does not want to wear out | biztozurarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to wear out | siztozurarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to wear out | alatozurarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to wear out |
| would like to | mentozurarğa süemeI would like to wear out | sentozurarğa süeseyou would like to wear out | oltozurarğa süedihe would like to wear out | biztozurarğa süebizwe would like to wear out | siztozurarğa süesizyou all would like to wear out | alatozurarğa süedilethey would like to wear out |
| would like to | mentozurarğa süymeymeI would not like to wear out | sentozurarğa süymeyseyou would not like to wear out | oltozurarğa süymeydihe would not like to wear out | biztozurarğa süymeybizwe would not like to wear out | siztozurarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to wear out | alatozurarğa süymeydilethey would not like to wear out |
| hope to | mentozurarğa umutlanamaI hope to wear out | sentozurarğa umutlanasayou hope to wear out | oltozurarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to wear out | biztozurarğa umutlanabızwe hope to wear out | siztozurarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to wear out | alatozurarğa umutlanadılathey hope to wear out |
| hope to | mentozurarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to wear out | sentozurarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to wear out | oltozurarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to wear out | biztozurarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to wear out | siztozurarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to wear out | alatozurarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to wear out |
| be about to | mentozurarğa deb turamaI am about to wear out | sentozurarğa deb turasayou are about to wear out | oltozurarğa deb turadıhe is about to wear out | biztozurarğa deb turabızwe are about to wear out | siztozurarğa deb turasızyou all are about to wear out | alatozurarğa deb turadılathey are about to wear out |
| be about to | mentozurarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to wear out | sentozurarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to wear out | oltozurarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to wear out | biztozurarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to wear out | siztozurarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to wear out | alatozurarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to wear out |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mentozurarğa kerekmeI need to wear out | sentozurarğa kerekseyou need to wear out | oltozurarğa kerekdihe needs to wear out | biztozurarğa kerekbizwe need to wear out | siztozurarğa kereksizyou all need to wear out | alatozurarğa kerekdilethey need to wear out |
| need to | mentozurarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to wear out | sentozurarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to wear out | oltozurarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to wear out | biztozurarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to wear out | siztozurarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to wear out | alatozurarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to wear out |
| have to | menmenŋe tozurarğa tüşediI have to wear out | sensenŋe tozurarğa tüşediyou have to wear out | olaŋa tozurarğa tüşedihe has to wear out | bizbizge tozurarğa tüşediwe have to wear out | sizsizge tozurarğa tüşediyou all have to wear out | alaalağa tozurarğa tüşedithey have to wear out |
| have to | menmenŋe tozurarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to wear out | sensenŋe tozurarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to wear out | olaŋa tozurarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to wear out | bizbizge tozurarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to wear out | sizsizge tozurarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to wear out | alaalağa tozurarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to wear out |
| be obliged to | mentozurarğa borçlumaI am obliged to wear out | sentozurarğa borçlusayou are obliged to wear out | oltozurarğa borçluduhe is obliged to wear out | biztozurarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to wear out | siztozurarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to wear out | alatozurarğa borçludulathey are obliged to wear out |
| be obliged to | mentozurarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to wear out | sentozurarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to wear out | oltozurarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to wear out | biztozurarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to wear out | siztozurarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to wear out | alatozurarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to wear out |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mentozurarğa madarım bardıI have a way to wear out | sentozurarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to wear out | oltozurarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to wear out | biztozurarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to wear out | siztozurarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to wear out | alatozurarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to wear out |
| have a way to | mentozurarğa madarım joqduI have no way to wear out | sentozurarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to wear out | oltozurarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to wear out | biztozurarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to wear out | siztozurarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to wear out | alatozurarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to wear out |
| be free to | mentozurarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to wear out | sentozurarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to wear out | oltozurarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to wear out | biztozurarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to wear out | siztozurarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to wear out | alatozurarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to wear out |
| be free to | mentozurarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to wear out | sentozurarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to wear out | oltozurarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to wear out | biztozurarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to wear out | siztozurarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to wear out | alatozurarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to wear out |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tozurarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to wear out | sensenŋe tozurarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to wear out | olaŋa tozurarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to wear out | bizbizge tozurarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to wear out | sizsizge tozurarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to wear out | alaalağa tozurarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to wear out |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tozurarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to wear out | sensenŋe tozurarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to wear out | olaŋa tozurarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to wear out | bizbizge tozurarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to wear out | sizsizge tozurarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to wear out | alaalağa tozurarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to wear out |
| be ready to | mentozurarğa hazırmaI am ready to wear out | sentozurarğa hazırsayou are ready to wear out | oltozurarğa hazırdıhe is ready to wear out | biztozurarğa hazırbızwe are ready to wear out | siztozurarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to wear out | alatozurarğa hazırdılathey are ready to wear out |
| be ready to | mentozurarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to wear out | sentozurarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to wear out | oltozurarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to wear out | biztozurarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to wear out | siztozurarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to wear out | alatozurarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to wear out |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mentozurarğa küreşemeI am trying to wear out | sentozurarğa küreşeseyou are trying to wear out | oltozurarğa küreşedihe is trying to wear out | biztozurarğa küreşebizwe are trying to wear out | siztozurarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to wear out | alatozurarğa küreşedilethey are trying to wear out |
| try to | mentozurarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to wear out | sentozurarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to wear out | oltozurarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to wear out | biztozurarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to wear out | siztozurarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to wear out | alatozurarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to wear out |
| agree to | mentozurarğa unaymaI agree to wear out | sentozurarğa unaysayou agree to wear out | oltozurarğa unaydıhe agrees to wear out | biztozurarğa unaybızwe agree to wear out | siztozurarğa unaysızyou all agree to wear out | alatozurarğa unaydılathey agree to wear out |
| agree to | mentozurarğa unamaymaI refuse to wear out | sentozurarğa unamaysayou refuse to wear out | oltozurarğa unamaydıhe refuses to wear out | biztozurarğa unamaybızwe refuse to wear out | siztozurarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to wear out | alatozurarğa unamaydılathey refuse to wear out |
| hurry to | mentozurarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to wear out | sentozurarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to wear out | oltozurarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to wear out | biztozurarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to wear out | siztozurarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to wear out | alatozurarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to wear out |
| hurry to | mentozurarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to wear out | sentozurarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to wear out | oltozurarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to wear out | biztozurarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to wear out | siztozurarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to wear out | alatozurarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to wear out |
| be afraid to | mentozurarğa qorqamaI am afraid to wear out | sentozurarğa qorqasayou are afraid to wear out | oltozurarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to wear out | biztozurarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to wear out | siztozurarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to wear out | alatozurarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to wear out |
| be afraid to | mentozurarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to wear out | sentozurarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to wear out | oltozurarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to wear out | biztozurarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to wear out | siztozurarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to wear out | alatozurarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to wear out |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentozuray bolmazmaI can't be wearing out | sentozuray bolmazsayou can't be wearing out | oltozuray bolmazhe can't be wearing out | biztozuray bolmazbızwe can't be wearing out | siztozuray bolmazsızyou all can't be wearing out | alatozuray bolmazlathey can't be wearing out |
| Inference, present — double negation | mentozuramay bolmazmaI must be wearing out (emphatic) | sentozuramay bolmazsayou must be wearing out (emphatic) | oltozuramay bolmazhe must be wearing out (emphatic) | biztozuramay bolmazbızwe must be wearing out (emphatic) | siztozuramay bolmazsızyou all must be wearing out (emphatic) | alatozuramay bolmazlathey must be wearing out (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentozuray turmasamif I don't keep wearing out | sentozuray turmasaŋif you don't keep wearing out | oltozuray turmasaif he doesn't keep wearing out | biztozuray turmasaqif we don't keep wearing out | siztozuray turmasağızif you all don't keep wearing out | alatozuray turmasalaif they don't keep wearing out |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentozuray tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of wearing out | sentozuray tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of wearing out | oltozuray tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of wearing out | biztozuray tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of wearing out | siztozuray tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of wearing out | alatozuray tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of wearing out |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mentozuramay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not wearing out (emphatic) | sentozuramay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not wearing out (emphatic) | oltozuramay tura bolmazhe must keep on not wearing out (emphatic) | biztozuramay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not wearing out (emphatic) | siztozuramay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not wearing out (emphatic) | alatozuramay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not wearing out (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mentozuramay turamaI keep on not wearing out | sentozuramay turasayou keep on not wearing out | oltozuramay turadıhe keeps on not wearing out | biztozuramay turabızwe keep on not wearing out | siztozuramay turasızyou all keep on not wearing out | alatozuramay turadılathey keep on not wearing out |
| Progressive — double negation | mentozuramay turmaymaI am not keeping on not wearing out | sentozuramay turmaysayou are not keeping on not wearing out | oltozuramay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not wearing out | biztozuramay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not wearing out | siztozuramay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not wearing out | alatozuramay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not wearing out |
| Progressive — double negation | mentozuramay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not wearing out? | sentozuramay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not wearing out? | oltozuramay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not wearing out? | biztozuramay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not wearing out? | siztozuramay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not wearing out? | alatozuramay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not wearing out? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mentozurağan bolmazmaI can't have worn out | sentozurağan bolmazsayou can't have worn out | oltozurağan bolmazhe can't have worn out | biztozurağan bolmazbızwe can't have worn out | siztozurağan bolmazsızyou all can't have worn out | alatozurağan bolmazlathey can't have worn out |
| Inference — double negation | mentozuramağan bolmazmaI must have worn out (emphatic) | sentozuramağan bolmazsayou must have worn out (emphatic) | oltozuramağan bolmazhe must have worn out (emphatic) | biztozuramağan bolmazbızwe must have worn out (emphatic) | siztozuramağan bolmazsızyou all must have worn out (emphatic) | alatozuramağan bolmazlathey must have worn out (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mentozurağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had worn out | sentozurağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had worn out | oltozurağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had worn out | biztozurağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had worn out | siztozurağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had worn out | alatozurağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had worn out |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mentozuramağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't worn out | sentozuramağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't worn out | oltozuramağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't worn out | biztozuramağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't worn out | siztozuramağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't worn out | alatozuramağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't worn out |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mentozurarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to wear out | sentozurarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to wear out | oltozurarıq bolmazhe can't be going to wear out | biztozurarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to wear out | siztozurarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to wear out | alatozurarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to wear out |
| Inference, future — double negation | mentozuramazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to wear out (emphatic) | sentozuramazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to wear out (emphatic) | oltozuramazlıq bolmazhe must be going to wear out (emphatic) | biztozuramazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to wear out (emphatic) | siztozuramazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to wear out (emphatic) | alatozuramazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to wear out (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mentozurarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to wear out | sentozurarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to wear out | oltozurarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to wear out | biztozurarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to wear out | siztozurarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to wear out | alatozurarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to wear out |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mentozuramazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to wear out | sentozuramazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to wear out | oltozuramazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to wear out | biztozuramazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to wear out | siztozuramazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to wear out | alatozuramazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to wear out |