eskirirge
/eskirirɡe/
1. wear out, become worn, become shabby
- ton eskirgendi — the coat has worn out
- kiyimlerim eskirgendile — my clothes have worn out
- kiyimle terk eskiredile — clothes wear out quickly
- üy eskirdi — the house grew shabby
- palton eskirgendi — your coat has worn out
- börk eskirgendi — the hat has worn out
2. become obsolete, go out of date
- eskirgen sözle — obsolete words
- alay çalqı eskirgendi — but the scythe has become obsolete
- bu söz eskirgendi — this word has become obsolete
- adetle eskiredile — customs go out of date
- eskirmegen joruq — a rule that has not gone out of date
Conjugation
Common forms
- eskiredihe is wearing out
- eskirdihe wore out
- eskirgendihe has worn out
- eskirirhe will wear out
- eskirlikdihe is going to wear out
- eskire edihe was wearing out
- eskirseif he wears out
- eskir!wear out!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | meneskiremeI am wearing out | seneskireseyou are wearing out | oleskiredihe is wearing out | bizeskirebizwe are wearing out | sizeskiresizyou all are wearing out | alaeskiredilethey are wearing out |
| Present (simple & continuous) | meneskirmeymeI am not wearing out | seneskirmeyseyou are not wearing out | oleskirmeydihe is not wearing out | bizeskirmeybizwe are not wearing out | sizeskirmeysizyou all are not wearing out | alaeskirmeydilethey are not wearing out |
| Present (simple & continuous) | meneskirememi? eskiremime?am I wearing out? | seneskiremise?are you wearing out? | oleskiremidi?is he wearing out? | bizeskirebizmi? eskiremibiz?are we wearing out? | sizeskiremisiz?are you all wearing out? | alaeskiremidile?are they wearing out? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | meneskirmeymemi? eskirmeymime?aren't I wearing out? | seneskirmeymise?aren't you wearing out? | oleskirmeymidi?isn't he wearing out? | bizeskirmeybizmi? eskirmeymibiz?aren't we wearing out? | sizeskirmeymisiz?aren't you all wearing out? | alaeskirmeymidile?aren't they wearing out? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | meneskiriwçenmeI usually wear out | seneskiriwçenseyou usually wear out | oleskiriwçendihe usually wears out | bizeskiriwçenbizwe usually wear out | sizeskiriwçensizyou all usually wear out | alaeskiriwçendilethey usually wear out |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | meneskirmewçenmeI usually don't wear out | seneskirmewçenseyou usually don't wear out | oleskirmewçendihe usually doesn't wear out | bizeskirmewçenbizwe usually don't wear out | sizeskirmewçensizyou all usually don't wear out | alaeskirmewçendilethey usually don't wear out |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | meneskiriwçenmemi? eskiriwçenmime?do I usually wear out? | seneskiriwçenmise?do you usually wear out? | oleskiriwçenmidi?does he usually wear out? | bizeskiriwçenbizmi? eskiriwçenmibiz?do we usually wear out? | sizeskiriwçenmisiz?do you all usually wear out? | alaeskiriwçenmidile?do they usually wear out? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | meneskirmewçenmemi? eskirmewçenmime?do I usually not wear out? | seneskirmewçenmise?do you usually not wear out? | oleskirmewçenmidi?does he usually not wear out? | bizeskirmewçenbizmi? eskirmewçenmibiz?do we usually not wear out? | sizeskirmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not wear out? | alaeskirmewçenmidile?do they usually not wear out? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oleskiribdihe has worn out and remains so | alaeskiribdilethey have worn out and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oleskiribmidi?has he worn out? | alaeskiribmidile?have they worn out? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | meneskirib turamaI keep wearing out | seneskirib turasayou keep wearing out | oleskirib turadıhe keeps wearing out | bizeskirib turabızwe keep wearing out | sizeskirib turasızyou all keep wearing out | alaeskirib turadılathey keep wearing out |
| Durative (keeps doing) | meneskirib turmaymaI don't keep wearing out | seneskirib turmaysayou don't keep wearing out | oleskirib turmaydıhe doesn't keep wearing out | bizeskirib turmaybızwe don't keep wearing out | sizeskirib turmaysızyou all don't keep wearing out | alaeskirib turmaydılathey don't keep wearing out |
| Durative (keeps doing) | meneskirib turamamı? eskirib turamıma?do I keep wearing out? | seneskirib turamısa?do you keep wearing out? | oleskirib turamıdı?does he keep wearing out? | bizeskirib turabızmı? eskirib turamıbız?do we keep wearing out? | sizeskirib turamısız?do you all keep wearing out? | alaeskirib turamıdıla?do they keep wearing out? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | meneskirib turmaymamı? eskirib turmaymıma?don't I keep wearing out? | seneskirib turmaymısa?don't you keep wearing out? | oleskirib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep wearing out? | bizeskirib turmaybızmı? eskirib turmaymıbız?don't we keep wearing out? | sizeskirib turmaymısız?don't you all keep wearing out? | alaeskirib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep wearing out? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | meneskire turamaI am in the middle of wearing out | seneskire turasayou are in the middle of wearing out | oleskire turadıhe is in the middle of wearing out | bizeskire turabızwe are in the middle of wearing out | sizeskire turasızyou all are in the middle of wearing out | alaeskire turadılathey are in the middle of wearing out |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | meneskire turmaymaI am not in the middle of wearing out | seneskire turmaysayou are not in the middle of wearing out | oleskire turmaydıhe is not in the middle of wearing out | bizeskire turmaybızwe are not in the middle of wearing out | sizeskire turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of wearing out | alaeskire turmaydılathey are not in the middle of wearing out |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | meneskire turamamı? eskire turamıma?am I in the middle of wearing out? | seneskire turamısa?are you in the middle of wearing out? | oleskire turamıdı?is he in the middle of wearing out? | bizeskire turabızmı? eskire turamıbız?are we in the middle of wearing out? | sizeskire turamısız?are you all in the middle of wearing out? | alaeskire turamıdıla?are they in the middle of wearing out? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | meneskire turmaymamı? eskire turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of wearing out? | seneskire turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of wearing out? | oleskire turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of wearing out? | bizeskire turmaybızmı? eskire turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of wearing out? | sizeskire turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of wearing out? | alaeskire turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of wearing out? |
| Simple past (definite) | meneskirdimI wore out | seneskirdiŋyou wore out | oleskirdihe wore out | bizeskirdikwe wore out | sizeskirdigizyou all wore out | alaeskirdilethey wore out |
| Simple past (definite) | meneskirmedimI didn't wear out | seneskirmediŋyou didn't wear out | oleskirmedihe didn't wear out | bizeskirmedikwe didn't wear out | sizeskirmedigizyou all didn't wear out | alaeskirmedilethey didn't wear out |
| Simple past (definite) | meneskirdimmi?did I wear out? | seneskirdiŋmi?did you wear out? | oleskirdimi?did he wear out? | bizeskirdikmi?did we wear out? | sizeskirdigizmi?did you all wear out? | alaeskirdilemi?did they wear out? |
| Simple past (definite) | meneskirmedimmi?didn't I wear out? | seneskirmediŋmi?didn't you wear out? | oleskirmedimi?didn't he wear out? | bizeskirmedikmi?didn't we wear out? | sizeskirmedigizmi?didn't you all wear out? | alaeskirmedilemi?didn't they wear out? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | meneskirgenmeI have worn out | seneskirgenseyou have worn out | oleskirgendihe has worn out | bizeskirgenbizwe have worn out | sizeskirgensizyou all have worn out | alaeskirgendilethey have worn out |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | meneskirmegenmeI haven't worn out | seneskirmegenseyou haven't worn out | oleskirmegendihe hasn't worn out | bizeskirmegenbizwe haven't worn out | sizeskirmegensizyou all haven't worn out | alaeskirmegendilethey haven't worn out |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | meneskirgenmemi? eskirgenmime?have I worn out? | seneskirgenmise?have you worn out? | oleskirgenmidi?has he worn out? | bizeskirgenbizmi? eskirgenmibiz?have we worn out? | sizeskirgenmisiz?have you all worn out? | alaeskirgenmidile?have they worn out? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | meneskirmegenmemi? eskirmegenmime?haven't I worn out? | seneskirmegenmise?haven't you worn out? | oleskirmegenmidi?hasn't he worn out? | bizeskirmegenbizmi? eskirmegenmibiz?haven't we worn out? | sizeskirmegenmisiz?haven't you all worn out? | alaeskirmegenmidile?haven't they worn out? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | meneskirib turdumI kept wearing out | seneskirib turduŋyou kept wearing out | oleskirib turduhe kept wearing out | bizeskirib turduqwe kept wearing out | sizeskirib turduğuzyou all kept wearing out | alaeskirib turdulathey kept wearing out |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | meneskirib turmadımI didn't keep wearing out | seneskirib turmadıŋyou didn't keep wearing out | oleskirib turmadıhe didn't keep wearing out | bizeskirib turmadıqwe didn't keep wearing out | sizeskirib turmadığızyou all didn't keep wearing out | alaeskirib turmadılathey didn't keep wearing out |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | meneskirirmeI will wear out | seneskirirseyou will wear out | oleskirirhe will wear out | bizeskirirbizwe will wear out | sizeskirirsizyou all will wear out | alaeskirirlethey will wear out |
| Indefinite future (future I) | meneskirmezmeI won't wear out | seneskirmezseyou won't wear out | oleskirmezhe won't wear out | bizeskirmezbizwe won't wear out | sizeskirmezsizyou all won't wear out | alaeskirmezlethey won't wear out |
| Indefinite future (future I) | meneskirirmemi? eskirirmime?will I wear out? | seneskirirmise?will you wear out? | oleskirirmi?will he wear out? | bizeskirirbizmi? eskirirmibiz?will we wear out? | sizeskirirmisiz?will you all wear out? | alaeskirirlemi? eskirirmile?will they wear out? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | meneskirmezmemi? eskirmezmime?won't I wear out? | seneskirmezmise?won't you wear out? | oleskirmezmi?won't he wear out? | bizeskirmezbizmi? eskirmezmibiz?won't we wear out? | sizeskirmezmisiz?won't you all wear out? | alaeskirmezlemi? eskirmezmile?won't they wear out? |
| Definite future (future II) | meneskirlikme1eskirrikmeI am going to wear out | seneskirlikse1eskirrikseyou are going to wear out | oleskirlikdi1eskirrikdihe is going to wear out | bizeskirlikbiz1eskirrikbizwe are going to wear out | sizeskirliksiz1eskirriksizyou all are going to wear out | alaeskirlikdile1eskirrikdilethey are going to wear out |
| Definite future (future II) | meneskirlik tülme1eskirrik tülmeI am not going to wear out | seneskirlik tülse1eskirrik tülseyou are not going to wear out | oleskirlik tüldü1eskirrik tüldühe is not going to wear out | bizeskirlik tülbüz1eskirrik tülbüzwe are not going to wear out | sizeskirlik tülsüz1eskirrik tülsüzyou all are not going to wear out | alaeskirlik tüldüle1eskirrik tüldülethey are not going to wear out |
| Definite future (future II) | meneskirlikmemi?1 eskirlikmime?eskirrikmemi?am I going to wear out? | seneskirlikmise?1eskirrikmise?are you going to wear out? | oleskirlikmidi?1eskirrikmidi?is he going to wear out? | bizeskirlikbizmi?1 eskirlikmibiz?eskirrikbizmi?are we going to wear out? | sizeskirlikmisiz?1eskirrikmisiz?are you all going to wear out? | alaeskirlikmidile?1eskirrikmidile?are they going to wear out? |
| Definite future (future II) | meneskirlik tülmüme?1eskirrik tülmüme?aren't I going to wear out? | seneskirlik tülmüse?1eskirrik tülmüse?aren't you going to wear out? | oleskirlik tülmüdü?1eskirrik tülmüdü?isn't he going to wear out? | bizeskirlik tülmübüz?1eskirrik tülmübüz?aren't we going to wear out? | sizeskirlik tülmüsüz?1eskirrik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to wear out? | alaeskirlik tülmüdüle?1eskirrik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to wear out? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so eskirrikdi
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | meneskirgen edimeskirgenemI had worn out | seneskirgen ediŋeskirgeneŋyou had worn out | oleskirgen edieskirgenedhe had worn out | bizeskirgen edikeskirgenekwe had worn out | sizeskirgen edigizeskirgenegizyou all had worn out | alaeskirgen edileeskirgenellethey had worn out |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | meneskirmegen edimeskirmegenemI hadn't worn out | seneskirmegen ediŋeskirmegeneŋyou hadn't worn out | oleskirmegen edieskirmegenedhe hadn't worn out | bizeskirmegen edikeskirmegenekwe hadn't worn out | sizeskirmegen edigizeskirmegenegizyou all hadn't worn out | alaeskirmegen edileeskirmegenellethey hadn't worn out |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | meneskire edimeskiremI was wearing out | seneskire ediŋeskireŋyou were wearing out | oleskire edieskiredhe was wearing out | bizeskire edikeskirekwe were wearing out | sizeskire edigizeskiregizyou all were wearing out | alaeskire edileeskirellethey were wearing out |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | meneskirmey edimeskirmeyemI wasn't wearing out | seneskirmey ediŋeskirmeyeŋyou weren't wearing out | oleskirmey edieskirmeyedhe wasn't wearing out | bizeskirmey edikeskirmeyekwe weren't wearing out | sizeskirmey edigizeskirmeyegizyou all weren't wearing out | alaeskirmey edileeskirmeyellethey weren't wearing out |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | meneskiriwçen edimeskiriwçenemI used to wear out | seneskiriwçen ediŋeskiriwçeneŋyou used to wear out | oleskiriwçen edieskiriwçenedhe used to wear out | bizeskiriwçen edikeskiriwçenekwe used to wear out | sizeskiriwçen edigizeskiriwçenegizyou all used to wear out | alaeskiriwçen edileeskiriwçenellethey used to wear out |
| Habitual past (used to) | meneskirmewçen edimeskirmewçenemI didn't use to wear out | seneskirmewçen ediŋeskirmewçeneŋyou didn't use to wear out | oleskirmewçen edieskirmewçenedhe didn't use to wear out | bizeskirmewçen edikeskirmewçenekwe didn't use to wear out | sizeskirmewçen edigizeskirmewçenegizyou all didn't use to wear out | alaeskirmewçen edileeskirmewçenellethey didn't use to wear out |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oleskirib edihe had worn out and remained so | alaeskirib edilethey had worn out and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oleskirib tül edihe hadn't worn out | alaeskirib tül edilethey hadn't worn out | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | meneskirib tura edimeskirib turaemI had kept wearing out | seneskirib tura ediŋeskirib turaeŋyou had kept wearing out | oleskirib tura edieskirib turaedhe had kept wearing out | bizeskirib tura edikeskirib turaekwe had kept wearing out | sizeskirib tura edigizeskirib turaegizyou all had kept wearing out | alaeskirib tura edileeskirib turaellethey had kept wearing out |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | meneskirib turmay edimeskirib turmayemI hadn't kept wearing out | seneskirib turmay ediŋeskirib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept wearing out | oleskirib turmay edieskirib turmayedhe hadn't kept wearing out | bizeskirib turmay edikeskirib turmayekwe hadn't kept wearing out | sizeskirib turmay edigizeskirib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept wearing out | alaeskirib turmay edileeskirib turmayellethey hadn't kept wearing out |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | meneskire tura edimeskire turaemI was in the middle of wearing out | seneskire tura ediŋeskire turaeŋyou were in the middle of wearing out | oleskire tura edieskire turaedhe was in the middle of wearing out | bizeskire tura edikeskire turaekwe were in the middle of wearing out | sizeskire tura edigizeskire turaegizyou all were in the middle of wearing out | alaeskire tura edileeskire turaellethey were in the middle of wearing out |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | meneskire turmay edimeskire turmayemI wasn't in the middle of wearing out | seneskire turmay ediŋeskire turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of wearing out | oleskire turmay edieskire turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of wearing out | bizeskire turmay edikeskire turmayekwe weren't in the middle of wearing out | sizeskire turmay edigizeskire turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of wearing out | alaeskire turmay edileeskire turmayellethey weren't in the middle of wearing out |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | meneskirir edimeskirir emI would wear out | seneskirir ediŋeskirir eŋyou would wear out | oleskirir edieskirir edhe would wear out | bizeskirir edikeskirir ekwe would wear out | sizeskirir edigizeskirir egizyou all would wear out | alaeskirir edileeskirir ellethey would wear out |
| Conditional result (would) | meneskirmez edimeskirmez emI wouldn't wear out | seneskirmez ediŋeskirmez eŋyou wouldn't wear out | oleskirmez edieskirmez edhe wouldn't wear out | bizeskirmez edikeskirmez ekwe wouldn't wear out | sizeskirmez edigizeskirmez egizyou all wouldn't wear out | alaeskirmez edileeskirmez ellethey wouldn't wear out |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | meneskirlik edim2eskirlik emeskirrik edimI would have worn out | seneskirlik ediŋ2eskirlik eŋeskirrik ediŋyou would have worn out | oleskirlik edi2eskirlik edeskirrik edihe would have worn out | bizeskirlik edik2eskirlik ekeskirrik edikwe would have worn out | sizeskirlik edigiz2eskirlik egizeskirrik edigizyou all would have worn out | alaeskirlik edile2eskirlik elleeskirrik edilethey would have worn out |
| Past conditional result (would have) | meneskirlik tül edim2eskirlik tül emeskirrik tül edimI wouldn't have worn out | seneskirlik tül ediŋ2eskirlik tül eŋeskirrik tül ediŋyou wouldn't have worn out | oleskirlik tül edi2eskirlik tül edeskirrik tül edihe wouldn't have worn out | bizeskirlik tül edik2eskirlik tül ekeskirrik tül edikwe wouldn't have worn out | sizeskirlik tül edigiz2eskirlik tül egizeskirrik tül edigizyou all wouldn't have worn out | alaeskirlik tül edile2eskirlik tül elleeskirrik tül edilethey wouldn't have worn out |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so eskirrik edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | meneskirsemif I wear out | seneskirseŋif you wear out | oleskirseif he wears out | bizeskirsekif we wear out | sizeskirsegizif you all wear out | alaeskirseleif they wear out |
| Conditional | meneskirmesemif I don't wear out | seneskirmeseŋif you don't wear out | oleskirmeseif he doesn't wear out | bizeskirmesekif we don't wear out | sizeskirmesegizif you all don't wear out | alaeskirmeseleif they don't wear out |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | meneskire esemif I am wearing out | seneskire eseŋif you are wearing out | oleskire eseif he is wearing out | bizeskire esekif we are wearing out | sizeskire esegizif you all are wearing out | alaeskire eseleif they are wearing out |
| Conditional, present real | meneskirmey esemif I am not wearing out | seneskirmey eseŋif you are not wearing out | oleskirmey eseif he is not wearing out | bizeskirmey esekif we are not wearing out | sizeskirmey esegizif you all are not wearing out | alaeskirmey eseleif they are not wearing out |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | meneskirsem edieskirsem edif only I wore out | seneskirseŋ edieskirseŋ edif only you wore out | oleskirse edieskirsedif only he wore out | bizeskirsek edieskirsek edif only we wore out | sizeskirsegiz edieskirsegiz edif only you all wore out | alaeskirsele edieskirseledif only they wore out |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | meneskirmesem edieskirmesem edif only I didn't wear out | seneskirmeseŋ edieskirmeseŋ edif only you didn't wear out | oleskirmese edieskirmesedif only he didn't wear out | bizeskirmesek edieskirmesek edif only we didn't wear out | sizeskirmesegiz edieskirmesegiz edif only you all didn't wear out | alaeskirmesele edieskirmeseledif only they didn't wear out |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | meneskirib tursamif I carry on wearing out | seneskirib tursaŋif you carry on wearing out | oleskirib tursaif he carries on wearing out | bizeskirib tursaqif we carry on wearing out | sizeskirib tursağızif you all carry on wearing out | alaeskirib tursalaif they carry on wearing out |
| Durative conditional | meneskirib turmasamif I don't carry on wearing out | seneskirib turmasaŋif you don't carry on wearing out | oleskirib turmasaif he doesn't carry on wearing out | bizeskirib turmasaqif we don't carry on wearing out | sizeskirib turmasağızif you all don't carry on wearing out | alaeskirib turmasalaif they don't carry on wearing out |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | meneskirib tura esemif I have kept wearing out | seneskirib tura eseŋif you have kept wearing out | oleskirib tura eseif he has kept wearing out | bizeskirib tura esekif we have kept wearing out | sizeskirib tura esegizif you all have kept wearing out | alaeskirib tura eseleif they have kept wearing out |
| Durative conditional, present real | meneskirib turmay esemif I haven't kept wearing out | seneskirib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept wearing out | oleskirib turmay eseif he hasn't kept wearing out | bizeskirib turmay esekif we haven't kept wearing out | sizeskirib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept wearing out | alaeskirib turmay eseleif they haven't kept wearing out |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | meneskire tursamif I keep wearing out | seneskire tursaŋif you keep wearing out | oleskire tursaif he keeps wearing out | bizeskire tursaqif we keep wearing out | sizeskire tursağızif you all keep wearing out | alaeskire tursalaif they keep wearing out |
| Progressive conditional | meneskirmey tursamif I keep on not wearing out | seneskirmey tursaŋif you keep on not wearing out | oleskirmey tursaif he keeps on not wearing out | bizeskirmey tursaqif we keep on not wearing out | sizeskirmey tursağızif you all keep on not wearing out | alaeskirmey tursalaif they keep on not wearing out |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | meneskire tura esemif I am in the middle of wearing out | seneskire tura eseŋif you are in the middle of wearing out | oleskire tura eseif he is in the middle of wearing out | bizeskire tura esekif we are in the middle of wearing out | sizeskire tura esegizif you all are in the middle of wearing out | alaeskire tura eseleif they are in the middle of wearing out |
| Progressive conditional, present real | meneskirmey tura esemif I keep on not wearing out | seneskirmey tura eseŋif you keep on not wearing out | oleskirmey tura eseif he keeps on not wearing out | bizeskirmey tura esekif we keep on not wearing out | sizeskirmey tura esegizif you all keep on not wearing out | alaeskirmey tura eseleif they keep on not wearing out |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | meneskirdim esemif I wore out | seneskirdiŋ eseŋif you wore out | oleskirdi eseif he wore out | bizeskirdik esekif we wore out | sizeskirdigiz esegizif you all wore out | alaeskirdile eseleif they wore out |
| Conditional, definite past3 | meneskirmedim esemif I didn't wear out | seneskirmediŋ eseŋif you didn't wear out | oleskirmedi eseif he didn't wear out | bizeskirmedik esekif we didn't wear out | sizeskirmedigiz esegizif you all didn't wear out | alaeskirmedile eseleif they didn't wear out |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | meneskirgen esemif I did wear out (indeed) | seneskirgen eseŋif you did wear out (indeed) | oleskirgen eseif he did wear out (indeed) | bizeskirgen esekif we did wear out (indeed) | sizeskirgen esegizif you all did wear out (indeed) | alaeskirgen eseleif they did wear out (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | meneskirmegen esemif I didn't wear out (indeed) | seneskirmegen eseŋif you didn't wear out (indeed) | oleskirmegen eseif he didn't wear out (indeed) | bizeskirmegen esekif we didn't wear out (indeed) | sizeskirmegen esegizif you all didn't wear out (indeed) | alaeskirmegen eseleif they didn't wear out (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | meneskirgen bolsamif I had worn out | seneskirgen bolsaŋif you had worn out | oleskirgen bolsaif he had worn out | bizeskirgen bolsaqif we had worn out | sizeskirgen bolsağızif you all had worn out | alaeskirgen bolsalaif they had worn out |
| Conditional, counterfactual | meneskirmegen bolsamif I hadn't worn out | seneskirmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't worn out | oleskirmegen bolsaif he hadn't worn out | bizeskirmegen bolsaqif we hadn't worn out | sizeskirmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't worn out | alaeskirmegen bolsalaif they hadn't worn out |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | meneskirgen bolsam edieskirgen bolsam edif only I had worn out | seneskirgen bolsaŋ edieskirgen bolsaŋ edif only you had worn out | oleskirgen bolsa edieskirgen bolsaedif only he had worn out | bizeskirgen bolsaq edieskirgen bolsaq edif only we had worn out | sizeskirgen bolsağız edieskirgen bolsağız edif only you all had worn out | alaeskirgen bolsala edieskirgen bolsalaedif only they had worn out |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | meneskirmegen bolsam edieskirmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't worn out | seneskirmegen bolsaŋ edieskirmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't worn out | oleskirmegen bolsa edieskirmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't worn out | bizeskirmegen bolsaq edieskirmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't worn out | sizeskirmegen bolsağız edieskirmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't worn out | alaeskirmegen bolsala edieskirmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't worn out |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | meneskirir esemif I will wear out | seneskirir eseŋif you will wear out | oleskirir eseif he will wear out | bizeskirir esekif we will wear out | sizeskirir esegizif you all will wear out | alaeskirir eseleif they will wear out |
| Conditional, aorist | meneskirmez esemif I won't wear out | seneskirmez eseŋif you won't wear out | oleskirmez eseif he won't wear out | bizeskirmez esekif we won't wear out | sizeskirmez esegizif you all won't wear out | alaeskirmez eseleif they won't wear out |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | meneskirlik esem4eskirrik esemif I am going to wear out | seneskirlik eseŋ4eskirrik eseŋif you are going to wear out | oleskirlik ese4eskirrik eseif he is going to wear out | bizeskirlik esek4eskirrik esekif we are going to wear out | sizeskirlik esegiz4eskirrik esegizif you all are going to wear out | alaeskirlik esele4eskirrik eseleif they are going to wear out |
| Conditional, future | meneskirlik tül esem4eskirrik tül esemif I am not going to wear out | seneskirlik tül eseŋ4eskirrik tül eseŋif you are not going to wear out | oleskirlik tül ese4eskirrik tül eseif he is not going to wear out | bizeskirlik tül esek4eskirrik tül esekif we are not going to wear out | sizeskirlik tül esegiz4eskirrik tül esegizif you all are not going to wear out | alaeskirlik tül esele4eskirrik tül eseleif they are not going to wear out |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | meneskirlik bolsam5eskirrik bolsamif I were going to wear out | seneskirlik bolsaŋ5eskirrik bolsaŋif you were going to wear out | oleskirlik bolsa5eskirrik bolsaif he were going to wear out | bizeskirlik bolsaq5eskirrik bolsaqif we were going to wear out | sizeskirlik bolsağız5eskirrik bolsağızif you all were going to wear out | alaeskirlik bolsala5eskirrik bolsalaif they were going to wear out |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | meneskirmezlik bolsamif I were not going to wear out | seneskirmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to wear out | oleskirmezlik bolsaif he were not going to wear out | bizeskirmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to wear out | sizeskirmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to wear out | alaeskirmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to wear out |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso eskirdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so eskirrik ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so eskirrik bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | meneskire bolurmaI must be wearing out | seneskire bolursayou must be wearing out | oleskire bolurhe must be wearing out | bizeskire bolurbuzwe must be wearing out | sizeskire bolursuzyou all must be wearing out | alaeskire bolurlathey must be wearing out |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | meneskirmey bolurmaI must not be wearing out | seneskirmey bolursayou must not be wearing out | oleskirmey bolurhe must not be wearing out | bizeskirmey bolurbuzwe must not be wearing out | sizeskirmey bolursuzyou all must not be wearing out | alaeskirmey bolurlathey must not be wearing out |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | meneskire tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of wearing out | seneskire tura bolursayou must be in the middle of wearing out | oleskire tura bolurhe must be in the middle of wearing out | bizeskire tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of wearing out | sizeskire tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of wearing out | alaeskire tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of wearing out |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | meneskirmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not wearing out | seneskirmey tura bolursayou must keep on not wearing out | oleskirmey tura bolurhe must keep on not wearing out | bizeskirmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not wearing out | sizeskirmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not wearing out | alaeskirmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not wearing out |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | meneskirgen bolurmaI must have worn out | seneskirgen bolursayou must have worn out | oleskirgen bolurhe must have worn out | bizeskirgen bolurbuzwe must have worn out | sizeskirgen bolursuzyou all must have worn out | alaeskirgen bolurlathey must have worn out |
| Inference (must have) | meneskirmegen bolurmaI must not have worn out | seneskirmegen bolursayou must not have worn out | oleskirmegen bolurhe must not have worn out | bizeskirmegen bolurbuzwe must not have worn out | sizeskirmegen bolursuzyou all must not have worn out | alaeskirmegen bolurlathey must not have worn out |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | meneskirlik bolurma6eskirrik bolurmaI must be going to wear out | seneskirlik bolursa6eskirrik bolursayou must be going to wear out | oleskirlik bolur6eskirrik bolurhe must be going to wear out | bizeskirlik bolurbuz6eskirrik bolurbuzwe must be going to wear out | sizeskirlik bolursuz6eskirrik bolursuzyou all must be going to wear out | alaeskirlik bolurla6eskirrik bolurlathey must be going to wear out |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | meneskirmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to wear out | seneskirmezlik bolursayou must not be going to wear out | oleskirmezlik bolurhe must not be going to wear out | bizeskirmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to wear out | sizeskirmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to wear out | alaeskirmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to wear out |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so eskirrik bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | meneskireyimlet me wear out | seneskir!wear out! | oleskirsinlet him wear out | bizeskireyiklet's wear out | sizeskirigiz!wear out, you all! | alaeskirsinlelet them wear out |
| Commands & suggestions | meneskirmeyimlet me not wear out | seneskirme!don't wear out! | oleskirmesinlet him not wear out | bizeskirmeyiklet's not wear out | sizeskirmegiz!don't wear out, you all! | alaeskirmesinlelet them not wear out |
| Commands & suggestions | meneskireyimmi?shall I wear out? | oleskirsinmi?should he wear out? | bizeskireyikmi?shall we wear out? | alaeskirsinlemi?should they wear out? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | meneskirmeyimmi?shall I not wear out? | oleskirmesinmi?should he not wear out? | bizeskirmeyikmi?shall we not wear out? | alaeskirmesinlemi?should they not wear out? | ||
| Requests | seneskirçi7eskirçinplease wear out | oleskirsinçido let him wear out | sizeskirçigizplease wear out (plural/polite) | alaeskirsinleçido let them wear out | ||
| Requests | seneskirmeçi7eskirmeçinplease don't wear out | oleskirmesinçido let him not wear out | sizeskirmeçigizplease don't wear out (plural/polite) | alaeskirmesinleçido let them not wear out | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | seneskirgineskirgimay you wear out | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | seneskirmegineskirmegimay you not wear out | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | meneskirgey edim eskirge edimwould that I wore out | seneskirgey ediŋ eskirge ediŋwould that you wore out | oleskirgey edi eskirge ediwould that he wore out | bizeskirgey edik eskirge edikwould that we wore out | sizeskirgey edigiz eskirge edigizwould that you all wore out | alaeskirgey edile eskirge edilewould that they wore out |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | meneskirmegey edim eskirmege edimwould that I did not wear out | seneskirmegey ediŋ eskirmege ediŋwould that you did not wear out | oleskirmegey edi eskirmege ediwould that he did not wear out | bizeskirmegey edik eskirmege edikwould that we did not wear out | sizeskirmegey edigiz eskirmege edigizwould that you all did not wear out | alaeskirmegey edile eskirmege edilewould that they did not wear out |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | meneskirmege qoyayımeskirme qoyayımlet me allow someone to wear out | seneskirmege qoy!eskirme qoy!let someone wear out! | oleskirmege qoysuneskirme qoysunlet him allow someone to wear out | bizeskirmege qoyayıqeskirme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to wear out | sizeskirmege qoyuğuz!eskirme qoyuğuz!let someone wear out, you all! | alaeskirmege qoysunlaeskirme qoysunlalet them allow someone to wear out |
| Let someone… (commands) | meneskirmege qoymayımeskirme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to wear out | seneskirmege qoyma!eskirme qoyma!don't let someone wear out! | oleskirmege qoymasıneskirme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to wear out | bizeskirmege qoymayıqeskirme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to wear out | sizeskirmege qoymağız!eskirme qoymağız!don't let someone wear out, you all! | alaeskirmege qoymasınlaeskirme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to wear out |
| Let someone… (commands) | meneskirmege qoyayımmı?eskirme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to wear out? | oleskirmege qoysunmu?eskirme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to wear out? | bizeskirmege qoyayıqmı?eskirme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to wear out? | alaeskirmege qoysunlamı?eskirme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to wear out? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | meneskirmege qoymayımmı?eskirme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to wear out? | oleskirmege qoymasınmı?eskirme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to wear out? | bizeskirmege qoymayıqmı?eskirme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to wear out? | alaeskirmege qoymasınlamı?eskirme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to wear out? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | meneskirmege qoyamaeskirme qoyamaI allow someone to wear out | seneskirmege qoyasaeskirme qoyasayou allow someone to wear out | oleskirmege qoyadıeskirme qoyadıhe allows someone to wear out | bizeskirmege qoyabızeskirme qoyabızwe allow someone to wear out | sizeskirmege qoyasızeskirme qoyasızyou all allow someone to wear out | alaeskirmege qoyadılaeskirme qoyadılathey allow someone to wear out |
| Let someone… (present) | meneskirmege qoymaymaeskirme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to wear out | seneskirmege qoymaysaeskirme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to wear out | oleskirmege qoymaydıeskirme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to wear out | bizeskirmege qoymaybızeskirme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to wear out | sizeskirmege qoymaysızeskirme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to wear out | alaeskirmege qoymaydılaeskirme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to wear out |
| Let someone… (present) | meneskirmege qoyamamı?eskirme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to wear out? | seneskirmege qoyamısa?eskirme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to wear out? | oleskirmege qoyamıdı?eskirme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to wear out? | bizeskirmege qoyabızmı?eskirme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to wear out? | sizeskirmege qoyamısız?eskirme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to wear out? | alaeskirmege qoyamıdıla?eskirme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to wear out? |
| Let someone… (present) | meneskirmege qoymaymamı?eskirme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to wear out? | seneskirmege qoymaymısa?eskirme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to wear out? | oleskirmege qoymaymıdı?eskirme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to wear out? | bizeskirmege qoymaybızmı?eskirme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to wear out? | sizeskirmege qoymaymısız?eskirme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to wear out? | alaeskirmege qoymaymıdıla?eskirme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to wear out? |
| Let someone… (past) | meneskirmege qoydumeskirme qoydumI allowed someone to wear out | seneskirmege qoyduŋeskirme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to wear out | oleskirmege qoydueskirme qoyduhe allowed someone to wear out | bizeskirmege qoyduqeskirme qoyduqwe allowed someone to wear out | sizeskirmege qoyduğuzeskirme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to wear out | alaeskirmege qoydulaeskirme qoydulathey allowed someone to wear out |
| Let someone… (past) | meneskirmege qoymadımeskirme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to wear out | seneskirmege qoymadıŋeskirme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to wear out | oleskirmege qoymadıeskirme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to wear out | bizeskirmege qoymadıqeskirme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to wear out | sizeskirmege qoymadığızeskirme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to wear out | alaeskirmege qoymadılaeskirme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to wear out |
| Let someone… (past) | meneskirmege qoydummu?eskirme qoydummu?did I allow someone to wear out? | seneskirmege qoyduŋmu?eskirme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to wear out? | oleskirmege qoydumu?eskirme qoydumu?did he allow someone to wear out? | bizeskirmege qoyduqmu?eskirme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to wear out? | sizeskirmege qoyduğuzmu?eskirme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to wear out? | alaeskirmege qoydulamı?eskirme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to wear out? |
| Let someone… (past) | meneskirmege qoymadımmı?eskirme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to wear out? | seneskirmege qoymadıŋmı?eskirme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to wear out? | oleskirmege qoymadımı?eskirme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to wear out? | bizeskirmege qoymadıqmı?eskirme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to wear out? | sizeskirmege qoymadığızmı?eskirme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to wear out? | alaeskirmege qoymadılamı?eskirme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to wear out? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | meneskiralamaI can wear out | seneskiralasayou can wear out | oleskiraladıhe can wear out | bizeskiralabızwe can wear out | sizeskiralasızyou all can wear out | alaeskiraladılathey can wear out |
| Ability — present | meneskiralmaymaI can't wear out | seneskiralmaysayou can't wear out | oleskiralmaydıhe can't wear out | bizeskiralmaybızwe can't wear out | sizeskiralmaysızyou all can't wear out | alaeskiralmaydılathey can't wear out |
| Ability — present | meneskiralamamı? eskiralamıma?can I wear out? | seneskiralamısa?can you wear out? | oleskiralamıdı?can he wear out? | bizeskiralabızmı? eskiralamıbız?can we wear out? | sizeskiralamısız?can you all wear out? | alaeskiralamıdıla?can they wear out? |
| Ability — present | meneskiralmaymamı? eskiralmaymıma?can't I wear out? | seneskiralmaymısa?can't you wear out? | oleskiralmaymıdı?can't he wear out? | bizeskiralmaybızmı? eskiralmaymıbız?can't we wear out? | sizeskiralmaymısız?can't you all wear out? | alaeskiralmaymıdıla?can't they wear out? |
| Ability — if I can… | meneskiralsamif I can wear out | seneskiralsaŋif you can wear out | oleskiralsaif he can wear out | bizeskiralsaqif we can wear out | sizeskiralsağızif you all can wear out | alaeskiralsalaif they can wear out |
| Ability — if I can… | meneskiralmasamif I can't wear out | seneskiralmasaŋif you can't wear out | oleskiralmasaif he can't wear out | bizeskiralmasaqif we can't wear out | sizeskiralmasağızif you all can't wear out | alaeskiralmasalaif they can't wear out |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | meneskiraldımI was able to wear out | seneskiraldıŋyou were able to wear out | oleskiraldıhe was able to wear out | bizeskiraldıqwe were able to wear out | sizeskiraldığızyou all were able to wear out | alaeskiraldılathey were able to wear out |
| Ability — simple past | meneskiralmadımI could not wear out | seneskiralmadıŋyou could not wear out | oleskiralmadıhe could not wear out | bizeskiralmadıqwe could not wear out | sizeskiralmadığızyou all could not wear out | alaeskiralmadılathey could not wear out |
| Ability — simple past | meneskiraldımmı?was I able to wear out? | seneskiraldıŋmı?were you able to wear out? | oleskiraldımı?was he able to wear out? | bizeskiraldıqmı?were we able to wear out? | sizeskiraldığızmı?were you all able to wear out? | alaeskiraldılamı?were they able to wear out? |
| Ability — simple past | meneskiralmadımmı?couldn't I wear out? | seneskiralmadıŋmı?couldn't you wear out? | oleskiralmadımı?couldn't he wear out? | bizeskiralmadıqmı?couldn't we wear out? | sizeskiralmadığızmı?couldn't you all wear out? | alaeskiralmadılamı?couldn't they wear out? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | meneskiralğanmaI have been able to wear out | seneskiralğansayou have been able to wear out | oleskiralğandıhe has been able to wear out | bizeskiralğanbızwe have been able to wear out | sizeskiralğansızyou all have been able to wear out | alaeskiralğandılathey have been able to wear out |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | meneskiralmağanmaI haven't been able to wear out | seneskiralmağansayou haven't been able to wear out | oleskiralmağandıhe hasn't been able to wear out | bizeskiralmağanbızwe haven't been able to wear out | sizeskiralmağansızyou all haven't been able to wear out | alaeskiralmağandılathey haven't been able to wear out |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | meneskiralğanmamı? eskiralğanmıma?have I been able to wear out? | seneskiralğanmısa?have you been able to wear out? | oleskiralğanmıdı?has he been able to wear out? | bizeskiralğanbızmı? eskiralğanmıbız?have we been able to wear out? | sizeskiralğanmısız?have you all been able to wear out? | alaeskiralğanmıdıla?have they been able to wear out? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | meneskiralmağanmamı? eskiralmağanmıma?haven't I been able to wear out? | seneskiralmağanmısa?haven't you been able to wear out? | oleskiralmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to wear out? | bizeskiralmağanbızmı? eskiralmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to wear out? | sizeskiralmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to wear out? | alaeskiralmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to wear out? |
| Ability — past perfect | meneskiralğan edimeskiralğanemI had been able to wear out | seneskiralğan ediŋeskiralğaneŋyou had been able to wear out | oleskiralğan edieskiralğanedhe had been able to wear out | bizeskiralğan edikeskiralğanekwe had been able to wear out | sizeskiralğan edigizeskiralğanegizyou all had been able to wear out | alaeskiralğan edileeskiralğanellethey had been able to wear out |
| Ability — past perfect | meneskiralmağan edimeskiralmağanemI hadn't been able to wear out | seneskiralmağan ediŋeskiralmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to wear out | oleskiralmağan edieskiralmağanedhe hadn't been able to wear out | bizeskiralmağan edikeskiralmağanekwe hadn't been able to wear out | sizeskiralmağan edigizeskiralmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to wear out | alaeskiralmağan edileeskiralmağanellethey hadn't been able to wear out |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | meneskirala edimeskiralaemI could wear out | seneskirala ediŋeskiralaeŋyou could wear out | oleskirala edieskiralaedhe could wear out | bizeskirala edikeskiralaekwe could wear out | sizeskirala edigizeskiralaegizyou all could wear out | alaeskirala edileeskiralaellethey could wear out |
| Ability — past background | meneskiralmay edimeskiralmayemI could not wear out | seneskiralmay ediŋeskiralmayeŋyou could not wear out | oleskiralmay edieskiralmayedhe could not wear out | bizeskiralmay edikeskiralmayekwe could not wear out | sizeskiralmay edigizeskiralmayegizyou all could not wear out | alaeskiralmay edileeskiralmayellethey could not wear out |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | meneskiralırmaI will be able to wear out | seneskiralırsayou will be able to wear out | oleskiralırhe will be able to wear out | bizeskiralırbızwe will be able to wear out | sizeskiralırsızyou all will be able to wear out | alaeskiralırlathey will be able to wear out |
| Ability — future I | meneskiralmazmaI won't be able to wear out | seneskiralmazsayou won't be able to wear out | oleskiralmazhe won't be able to wear out | bizeskiralmazbızwe won't be able to wear out | sizeskiralmazsızyou all won't be able to wear out | alaeskiralmazlathey won't be able to wear out |
| Ability — future I | meneskiralırmamı? eskiralırmıma?will I be able to wear out? | seneskiralırmısa?will you be able to wear out? | oleskiralırmı?will he be able to wear out? | bizeskiralırbızmı? eskiralırmıbız?will we be able to wear out? | sizeskiralırmısız?will you all be able to wear out? | alaeskiralırlamı? eskiralırmıla?will they be able to wear out? |
| Ability — future I | meneskiralmazmamı? eskiralmazmıma?won't I be able to wear out? | seneskiralmazmısa?won't you be able to wear out? | oleskiralmazmı?won't he be able to wear out? | bizeskiralmazbızmı? eskiralmazmıbız?won't we be able to wear out? | sizeskiralmazmısız?won't you all be able to wear out? | alaeskiralmazlamı? eskiralmazmıla?won't they be able to wear out? |
| Ability — future II | meneskirallıqmaI am going to be able to wear out | seneskirallıqsayou are going to be able to wear out | oleskirallıqdıhe is going to be able to wear out | bizeskirallıqbızwe are going to be able to wear out | sizeskirallıqsızyou all are going to be able to wear out | alaeskirallıqdılathey are going to be able to wear out |
| Ability — future II | meneskirallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to wear out | seneskirallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to wear out | oleskirallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to wear out | bizeskirallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to wear out | sizeskirallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to wear out | alaeskirallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to wear out |
| Ability — future II | meneskirallıqmamı? eskirallıqmıma?am I going to be able to wear out? | seneskirallıqmısa?are you going to be able to wear out? | oleskirallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to wear out? | bizeskirallıqbızmı? eskirallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to wear out? | sizeskirallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to wear out? | alaeskirallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to wear out? |
| Ability — future II | meneskirallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to wear out? | seneskirallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to wear out? | oleskirallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to wear out? | bizeskirallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to wear out? | sizeskirallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to wear out? | alaeskirallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to wear out? |
| Ability — would be able to… | meneskiralır edimeskiralır emI would be able to wear out | seneskiralır ediŋeskiralır eŋyou would be able to wear out | oleskiralır edieskiralır edhe would be able to wear out | bizeskiralır edikeskiralır ekwe would be able to wear out | sizeskiralır edigizeskiralır egizyou all would be able to wear out | alaeskiralır edileeskiralır ellethey would be able to wear out |
| Ability — would be able to… | meneskiralmaz edimeskiralmaz emI wouldn't be able to wear out | seneskiralmaz ediŋeskiralmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to wear out | oleskiralmaz edieskiralmaz edhe wouldn't be able to wear out | bizeskiralmaz edikeskiralmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to wear out | sizeskiralmaz edigizeskiralmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to wear out | alaeskiralmaz edileeskiralmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to wear out |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | seneskiralğıneskiralğımay you be able to wear out | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | seneskiralmağıneskiralmağımay you not be able to wear out | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | meneskirirge izleymeI want to wear out | seneskirirge izleyseyou want to wear out | oleskirirge izleydihe wants to wear out | bizeskirirge izleybizwe want to wear out | sizeskirirge izleysizyou all want to wear out | alaeskirirge izleydilethey want to wear out |
| want to | meneskirirge izlemeymeI do not want to wear out | seneskirirge izlemeyseyou do not want to wear out | oleskirirge izlemeydihe does not want to wear out | bizeskirirge izlemeybizwe do not want to wear out | sizeskirirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to wear out | alaeskirirge izlemeydilethey do not want to wear out |
| would like to | meneskirirge süemeI would like to wear out | seneskirirge süeseyou would like to wear out | oleskirirge süedihe would like to wear out | bizeskirirge süebizwe would like to wear out | sizeskirirge süesizyou all would like to wear out | alaeskirirge süedilethey would like to wear out |
| would like to | meneskirirge süymeymeI would not like to wear out | seneskirirge süymeyseyou would not like to wear out | oleskirirge süymeydihe would not like to wear out | bizeskirirge süymeybizwe would not like to wear out | sizeskirirge süymeysizyou all would not like to wear out | alaeskirirge süymeydilethey would not like to wear out |
| hope to | meneskirirge umutlanamaI hope to wear out | seneskirirge umutlanasayou hope to wear out | oleskirirge umutlanadıhe hopes to wear out | bizeskirirge umutlanabızwe hope to wear out | sizeskirirge umutlanasızyou all hope to wear out | alaeskirirge umutlanadılathey hope to wear out |
| hope to | meneskirirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to wear out | seneskirirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to wear out | oleskirirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to wear out | bizeskirirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to wear out | sizeskirirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to wear out | alaeskirirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to wear out |
| be about to | meneskirirge deb turamaI am about to wear out | seneskirirge deb turasayou are about to wear out | oleskirirge deb turadıhe is about to wear out | bizeskirirge deb turabızwe are about to wear out | sizeskirirge deb turasızyou all are about to wear out | alaeskirirge deb turadılathey are about to wear out |
| be about to | meneskirirge deb turmaymaI am not about to wear out | seneskirirge deb turmaysayou are not about to wear out | oleskirirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to wear out | bizeskirirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to wear out | sizeskirirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to wear out | alaeskirirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to wear out |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | meneskirirge kerekmeI need to wear out | seneskirirge kerekseyou need to wear out | oleskirirge kerekdihe needs to wear out | bizeskirirge kerekbizwe need to wear out | sizeskirirge kereksizyou all need to wear out | alaeskirirge kerekdilethey need to wear out |
| need to | meneskirirge kerek tülmeI do not need to wear out | seneskirirge kerek tülseyou do not need to wear out | oleskirirge kerek tüldühe does not need to wear out | bizeskirirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to wear out | sizeskirirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to wear out | alaeskirirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to wear out |
| have to | menmenŋe eskirirge tüşediI have to wear out | sensenŋe eskirirge tüşediyou have to wear out | olaŋa eskirirge tüşedihe has to wear out | bizbizge eskirirge tüşediwe have to wear out | sizsizge eskirirge tüşediyou all have to wear out | alaalağa eskirirge tüşedithey have to wear out |
| have to | menmenŋe eskirirge tüşmeydiI do not have to wear out | sensenŋe eskirirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to wear out | olaŋa eskirirge tüşmeydihe does not have to wear out | bizbizge eskirirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to wear out | sizsizge eskirirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to wear out | alaalağa eskirirge tüşmeydithey do not have to wear out |
| be obliged to | meneskirirge borçlumaI am obliged to wear out | seneskirirge borçlusayou are obliged to wear out | oleskirirge borçluduhe is obliged to wear out | bizeskirirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to wear out | sizeskirirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to wear out | alaeskirirge borçludulathey are obliged to wear out |
| be obliged to | meneskirirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to wear out | seneskirirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to wear out | oleskirirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to wear out | bizeskirirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to wear out | sizeskirirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to wear out | alaeskirirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to wear out |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | meneskirirge madarım bardıI have a way to wear out | seneskirirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to wear out | oleskirirge madarı bardıhe has a way to wear out | bizeskirirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to wear out | sizeskirirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to wear out | alaeskirirge madarları bardıthey have a way to wear out |
| have a way to | meneskirirge madarım joqduI have no way to wear out | seneskirirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to wear out | oleskirirge madarı joqduhe has no way to wear out | bizeskirirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to wear out | sizeskirirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to wear out | alaeskirirge madarları joqduthey have no way to wear out |
| be free to | meneskirirge erkinligim bardıI am free to wear out | seneskirirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to wear out | oleskirirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to wear out | bizeskirirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to wear out | sizeskirirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to wear out | alaeskirirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to wear out |
| be free to | meneskirirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to wear out | seneskirirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to wear out | oleskirirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to wear out | bizeskirirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to wear out | sizeskirirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to wear out | alaeskirirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to wear out |
| be possible to | menmenŋe eskirirge bolluqduit is possible for me to wear out | sensenŋe eskirirge bolluqduit is possible for you to wear out | olaŋa eskirirge bolluqduit is possible for him to wear out | bizbizge eskirirge bolluqduit is possible for us to wear out | sizsizge eskirirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to wear out | alaalağa eskirirge bolluqduit is possible for them to wear out |
| be possible to | menmenŋe eskirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to wear out | sensenŋe eskirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to wear out | olaŋa eskirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to wear out | bizbizge eskirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to wear out | sizsizge eskirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to wear out | alaalağa eskirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to wear out |
| be ready to | meneskirirge hazırmaI am ready to wear out | seneskirirge hazırsayou are ready to wear out | oleskirirge hazırdıhe is ready to wear out | bizeskirirge hazırbızwe are ready to wear out | sizeskirirge hazırsızyou all are ready to wear out | alaeskirirge hazırdılathey are ready to wear out |
| be ready to | meneskirirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to wear out | seneskirirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to wear out | oleskirirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to wear out | bizeskirirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to wear out | sizeskirirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to wear out | alaeskirirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to wear out |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | meneskirirge küreşemeI am trying to wear out | seneskirirge küreşeseyou are trying to wear out | oleskirirge küreşedihe is trying to wear out | bizeskirirge küreşebizwe are trying to wear out | sizeskirirge küreşesizyou all are trying to wear out | alaeskirirge küreşedilethey are trying to wear out |
| try to | meneskirirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to wear out | seneskirirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to wear out | oleskirirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to wear out | bizeskirirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to wear out | sizeskirirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to wear out | alaeskirirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to wear out |
| agree to | meneskirirge unaymaI agree to wear out | seneskirirge unaysayou agree to wear out | oleskirirge unaydıhe agrees to wear out | bizeskirirge unaybızwe agree to wear out | sizeskirirge unaysızyou all agree to wear out | alaeskirirge unaydılathey agree to wear out |
| agree to | meneskirirge unamaymaI refuse to wear out | seneskirirge unamaysayou refuse to wear out | oleskirirge unamaydıhe refuses to wear out | bizeskirirge unamaybızwe refuse to wear out | sizeskirirge unamaysızyou all refuse to wear out | alaeskirirge unamaydılathey refuse to wear out |
| hurry to | meneskirirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to wear out | seneskirirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to wear out | oleskirirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to wear out | bizeskirirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to wear out | sizeskirirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to wear out | alaeskirirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to wear out |
| hurry to | meneskirirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to wear out | seneskirirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to wear out | oleskirirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to wear out | bizeskirirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to wear out | sizeskirirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to wear out | alaeskirirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to wear out |
| be afraid to | meneskirirge qorqamaI am afraid to wear out | seneskirirge qorqasayou are afraid to wear out | oleskirirge qorqadıhe is afraid to wear out | bizeskirirge qorqabızwe are afraid to wear out | sizeskirirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to wear out | alaeskirirge qorqadılathey are afraid to wear out |
| be afraid to | meneskirirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to wear out | seneskirirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to wear out | oleskirirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to wear out | bizeskirirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to wear out | sizeskirirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to wear out | alaeskirirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to wear out |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | meneskire bolmazmaI can't be wearing out | seneskire bolmazsayou can't be wearing out | oleskire bolmazhe can't be wearing out | bizeskire bolmazbızwe can't be wearing out | sizeskire bolmazsızyou all can't be wearing out | alaeskire bolmazlathey can't be wearing out |
| Inference, present — double negation | meneskirmey bolmazmaI must be wearing out (emphatic) | seneskirmey bolmazsayou must be wearing out (emphatic) | oleskirmey bolmazhe must be wearing out (emphatic) | bizeskirmey bolmazbızwe must be wearing out (emphatic) | sizeskirmey bolmazsızyou all must be wearing out (emphatic) | alaeskirmey bolmazlathey must be wearing out (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | meneskire turmasamif I don't keep wearing out | seneskire turmasaŋif you don't keep wearing out | oleskire turmasaif he doesn't keep wearing out | bizeskire turmasaqif we don't keep wearing out | sizeskire turmasağızif you all don't keep wearing out | alaeskire turmasalaif they don't keep wearing out |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | meneskire tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of wearing out | seneskire tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of wearing out | oleskire tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of wearing out | bizeskire tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of wearing out | sizeskire tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of wearing out | alaeskire tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of wearing out |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | meneskirmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not wearing out (emphatic) | seneskirmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not wearing out (emphatic) | oleskirmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not wearing out (emphatic) | bizeskirmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not wearing out (emphatic) | sizeskirmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not wearing out (emphatic) | alaeskirmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not wearing out (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | meneskirmey turamaI keep on not wearing out | seneskirmey turasayou keep on not wearing out | oleskirmey turadıhe keeps on not wearing out | bizeskirmey turabızwe keep on not wearing out | sizeskirmey turasızyou all keep on not wearing out | alaeskirmey turadılathey keep on not wearing out |
| Progressive — double negation | meneskirmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not wearing out | seneskirmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not wearing out | oleskirmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not wearing out | bizeskirmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not wearing out | sizeskirmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not wearing out | alaeskirmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not wearing out |
| Progressive — double negation | meneskirmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not wearing out? | seneskirmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not wearing out? | oleskirmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not wearing out? | bizeskirmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not wearing out? | sizeskirmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not wearing out? | alaeskirmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not wearing out? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | meneskirgen bolmazmaI can't have worn out | seneskirgen bolmazsayou can't have worn out | oleskirgen bolmazhe can't have worn out | bizeskirgen bolmazbızwe can't have worn out | sizeskirgen bolmazsızyou all can't have worn out | alaeskirgen bolmazlathey can't have worn out |
| Inference — double negation | meneskirmegen bolmazmaI must have worn out (emphatic) | seneskirmegen bolmazsayou must have worn out (emphatic) | oleskirmegen bolmazhe must have worn out (emphatic) | bizeskirmegen bolmazbızwe must have worn out (emphatic) | sizeskirmegen bolmazsızyou all must have worn out (emphatic) | alaeskirmegen bolmazlathey must have worn out (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | meneskirgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had worn out | seneskirgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had worn out | oleskirgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had worn out | bizeskirgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had worn out | sizeskirgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had worn out | alaeskirgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had worn out |
| Counterfactual — double negation | meneskirmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't worn out | seneskirmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't worn out | oleskirmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't worn out | bizeskirmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't worn out | sizeskirmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't worn out | alaeskirmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't worn out |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | meneskirlik bolmazmaI can't be going to wear out | seneskirlik bolmazsayou can't be going to wear out | oleskirlik bolmazhe can't be going to wear out | bizeskirlik bolmazbızwe can't be going to wear out | sizeskirlik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to wear out | alaeskirlik bolmazlathey can't be going to wear out |
| Inference, future — double negation | meneskirmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to wear out (emphatic) | seneskirmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to wear out (emphatic) | oleskirmezlik bolmazhe must be going to wear out (emphatic) | bizeskirmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to wear out (emphatic) | sizeskirmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to wear out (emphatic) | alaeskirmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to wear out (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | meneskirlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to wear out | seneskirlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to wear out | oleskirlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to wear out | bizeskirlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to wear out | sizeskirlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to wear out | alaeskirlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to wear out |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | meneskirmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to wear out | seneskirmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to wear out | oleskirmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to wear out | bizeskirmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to wear out | sizeskirmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to wear out | alaeskirmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to wear out |