tomururğa
/tomururʁa/
1. chop up, hack into pieces, saw up, cut with an axe or a saw
- et tomururğa — to chop meat
- otun tomururğa — to chop firewood
- ağaçnı tomur — chop up the wood
- men otun tomurdum — I chopped the firewood
- süyremeleni tomuradıla — they saw the logs into lengths
2. destroy completely, wipe out one source
- tilçilikni uwat, tomur — smash and wipe out treachery
- amanlıqnı tomururğa — to wipe out evil
- jawunu tomurdula — they wiped the enemy out
Conjugation
Common forms
- tomuradıhe is chopping up
- tomurduhe chopped up
- tomurğandıhe has chopped up
- tomururhe will chop up
- tomurluqduhe is going to chop up
- tomura edihe was chopping up
- tomursaif he chops up
- tomur!chop up!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentomuramaI am chopping up | sentomurasayou are chopping up | oltomuradıhe is chopping up | biztomurabızwe are chopping up | siztomurasızyou all are chopping up | alatomuradılathey are chopping up |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentomurmaymaI am not chopping up | sentomurmaysayou are not chopping up | oltomurmaydıhe is not chopping up | biztomurmaybızwe are not chopping up | siztomurmaysızyou all are not chopping up | alatomurmaydılathey are not chopping up |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentomuramamı? tomuramıma?am I chopping up? | sentomuramısa?are you chopping up? | oltomuramıdı?is he chopping up? | biztomurabızmı? tomuramıbız?are we chopping up? | siztomuramısız?are you all chopping up? | alatomuramıdıla?are they chopping up? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentomurmaymamı? tomurmaymıma?aren't I chopping up? | sentomurmaymısa?aren't you chopping up? | oltomurmaymıdı?isn't he chopping up? | biztomurmaybızmı? tomurmaymıbız?aren't we chopping up? | siztomurmaymısız?aren't you all chopping up? | alatomurmaymıdıla?aren't they chopping up? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentomuruwçanmaI usually chop up | sentomuruwçansayou usually chop up | oltomuruwçandıhe usually chops up | biztomuruwçanbızwe usually chop up | siztomuruwçansızyou all usually chop up | alatomuruwçandılathey usually chop up |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentomurmawçanmaI usually don't chop up | sentomurmawçansayou usually don't chop up | oltomurmawçandıhe usually doesn't chop up | biztomurmawçanbızwe usually don't chop up | siztomurmawçansızyou all usually don't chop up | alatomurmawçandılathey usually don't chop up |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentomuruwçanmamı? tomuruwçanmıma?do I usually chop up? | sentomuruwçanmısa?do you usually chop up? | oltomuruwçanmıdı?does he usually chop up? | biztomuruwçanbızmı? tomuruwçanmıbız?do we usually chop up? | siztomuruwçanmısız?do you all usually chop up? | alatomuruwçanmıdıla?do they usually chop up? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentomurmawçanmamı? tomurmawçanmıma?do I usually not chop up? | sentomurmawçanmısa?do you usually not chop up? | oltomurmawçanmıdı?does he usually not chop up? | biztomurmawçanbızmı? tomurmawçanmıbız?do we usually not chop up? | siztomurmawçanmısız?do you all usually not chop up? | alatomurmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not chop up? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltomurubduhe has chopped up and remains so | alatomurubdulathey have chopped up and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltomurubmudu?has he chopped up? | alatomurubmudula?have they chopped up? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentomurub turamaI keep chopping up | sentomurub turasayou keep chopping up | oltomurub turadıhe keeps chopping up | biztomurub turabızwe keep chopping up | siztomurub turasızyou all keep chopping up | alatomurub turadılathey keep chopping up |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentomurub turmaymaI don't keep chopping up | sentomurub turmaysayou don't keep chopping up | oltomurub turmaydıhe doesn't keep chopping up | biztomurub turmaybızwe don't keep chopping up | siztomurub turmaysızyou all don't keep chopping up | alatomurub turmaydılathey don't keep chopping up |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentomurub turamamı? tomurub turamıma?do I keep chopping up? | sentomurub turamısa?do you keep chopping up? | oltomurub turamıdı?does he keep chopping up? | biztomurub turabızmı? tomurub turamıbız?do we keep chopping up? | siztomurub turamısız?do you all keep chopping up? | alatomurub turamıdıla?do they keep chopping up? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentomurub turmaymamı? tomurub turmaymıma?don't I keep chopping up? | sentomurub turmaymısa?don't you keep chopping up? | oltomurub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep chopping up? | biztomurub turmaybızmı? tomurub turmaymıbız?don't we keep chopping up? | siztomurub turmaymısız?don't you all keep chopping up? | alatomurub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep chopping up? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentomura turamaI am in the middle of chopping up | sentomura turasayou are in the middle of chopping up | oltomura turadıhe is in the middle of chopping up | biztomura turabızwe are in the middle of chopping up | siztomura turasızyou all are in the middle of chopping up | alatomura turadılathey are in the middle of chopping up |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentomura turmaymaI am not in the middle of chopping up | sentomura turmaysayou are not in the middle of chopping up | oltomura turmaydıhe is not in the middle of chopping up | biztomura turmaybızwe are not in the middle of chopping up | siztomura turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of chopping up | alatomura turmaydılathey are not in the middle of chopping up |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentomura turamamı? tomura turamıma?am I in the middle of chopping up? | sentomura turamısa?are you in the middle of chopping up? | oltomura turamıdı?is he in the middle of chopping up? | biztomura turabızmı? tomura turamıbız?are we in the middle of chopping up? | siztomura turamısız?are you all in the middle of chopping up? | alatomura turamıdıla?are they in the middle of chopping up? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentomura turmaymamı? tomura turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of chopping up? | sentomura turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of chopping up? | oltomura turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of chopping up? | biztomura turmaybızmı? tomura turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of chopping up? | siztomura turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of chopping up? | alatomura turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of chopping up? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentomurdumI chopped up | sentomurduŋyou chopped up | oltomurduhe chopped up | biztomurduqwe chopped up | siztomurduğuzyou all chopped up | alatomurdulathey chopped up |
| Simple past (definite) | mentomurmadımI didn't chop up | sentomurmadıŋyou didn't chop up | oltomurmadıhe didn't chop up | biztomurmadıqwe didn't chop up | siztomurmadığızyou all didn't chop up | alatomurmadılathey didn't chop up |
| Simple past (definite) | mentomurdummu?did I chop up? | sentomurduŋmu?did you chop up? | oltomurdumu?did he chop up? | biztomurduqmu?did we chop up? | siztomurduğuzmu?did you all chop up? | alatomurdulamı?did they chop up? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentomurmadımmı?didn't I chop up? | sentomurmadıŋmı?didn't you chop up? | oltomurmadımı?didn't he chop up? | biztomurmadıqmı?didn't we chop up? | siztomurmadığızmı?didn't you all chop up? | alatomurmadılamı?didn't they chop up? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentomurğanmaI have chopped up | sentomurğansayou have chopped up | oltomurğandıhe has chopped up | biztomurğanbızwe have chopped up | siztomurğansızyou all have chopped up | alatomurğandılathey have chopped up |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentomurmağanmaI haven't chopped up | sentomurmağansayou haven't chopped up | oltomurmağandıhe hasn't chopped up | biztomurmağanbızwe haven't chopped up | siztomurmağansızyou all haven't chopped up | alatomurmağandılathey haven't chopped up |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentomurğanmamı? tomurğanmıma?have I chopped up? | sentomurğanmısa?have you chopped up? | oltomurğanmıdı?has he chopped up? | biztomurğanbızmı? tomurğanmıbız?have we chopped up? | siztomurğanmısız?have you all chopped up? | alatomurğanmıdıla?have they chopped up? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentomurmağanmamı? tomurmağanmıma?haven't I chopped up? | sentomurmağanmısa?haven't you chopped up? | oltomurmağanmıdı?hasn't he chopped up? | biztomurmağanbızmı? tomurmağanmıbız?haven't we chopped up? | siztomurmağanmısız?haven't you all chopped up? | alatomurmağanmıdıla?haven't they chopped up? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentomurub turdumI kept chopping up | sentomurub turduŋyou kept chopping up | oltomurub turduhe kept chopping up | biztomurub turduqwe kept chopping up | siztomurub turduğuzyou all kept chopping up | alatomurub turdulathey kept chopping up |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentomurub turmadımI didn't keep chopping up | sentomurub turmadıŋyou didn't keep chopping up | oltomurub turmadıhe didn't keep chopping up | biztomurub turmadıqwe didn't keep chopping up | siztomurub turmadığızyou all didn't keep chopping up | alatomurub turmadılathey didn't keep chopping up |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentomururmaI will chop up | sentomurursayou will chop up | oltomururhe will chop up | biztomururbuzwe will chop up | siztomurursuzyou all will chop up | alatomururlathey will chop up |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentomurmazmaI won't chop up | sentomurmazsayou won't chop up | oltomurmazhe won't chop up | biztomurmazbızwe won't chop up | siztomurmazsızyou all won't chop up | alatomurmazlathey won't chop up |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentomururmamı? tomururmuma?will I chop up? | sentomururmusa?will you chop up? | oltomururmu?will he chop up? | biztomururbuzmu? tomururmubuz?will we chop up? | siztomururmusuz?will you all chop up? | alatomururlamı? tomururmula?will they chop up? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentomurmazmamı? tomurmazmıma?won't I chop up? | sentomurmazmısa?won't you chop up? | oltomurmazmı?won't he chop up? | biztomurmazbızmı? tomurmazmıbız?won't we chop up? | siztomurmazmısız?won't you all chop up? | alatomurmazlamı? tomurmazmıla?won't they chop up? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentomurluqma1tomurruqmaI am going to chop up | sentomurluqsa1tomurruqsayou are going to chop up | oltomurluqdu1tomurruqduhe is going to chop up | biztomurluqbuz1tomurruqbuzwe are going to chop up | siztomurluqsuz1tomurruqsuzyou all are going to chop up | alatomurluqdula1tomurruqdulathey are going to chop up |
| Definite future (future II) | mentomurluq tülme1tomurruq tülmeI am not going to chop up | sentomurluq tülse1tomurruq tülseyou are not going to chop up | oltomurluq tüldü1tomurruq tüldühe is not going to chop up | biztomurluq tülbüz1tomurruq tülbüzwe are not going to chop up | siztomurluq tülsüz1tomurruq tülsüzyou all are not going to chop up | alatomurluq tüldüle1tomurruq tüldülethey are not going to chop up |
| Definite future (future II) | mentomurluqmamı?1 tomurluqmuma?tomurruqmamı?am I going to chop up? | sentomurluqmusa?1tomurruqmusa?are you going to chop up? | oltomurluqmudu?1tomurruqmudu?is he going to chop up? | biztomurluqbuzmu?1 tomurluqmubuz?tomurruqbuzmu?are we going to chop up? | siztomurluqmusuz?1tomurruqmusuz?are you all going to chop up? | alatomurluqmudula?1tomurruqmudula?are they going to chop up? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentomurluq tülmüme?1tomurruq tülmüme?aren't I going to chop up? | sentomurluq tülmüse?1tomurruq tülmüse?aren't you going to chop up? | oltomurluq tülmüdü?1tomurruq tülmüdü?isn't he going to chop up? | biztomurluq tülmübüz?1tomurruq tülmübüz?aren't we going to chop up? | siztomurluq tülmüsüz?1tomurruq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to chop up? | alatomurluq tülmüdüle?1tomurruq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to chop up? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tomurruqdu
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentomurğan edimtomurğanemI had chopped up | sentomurğan ediŋtomurğaneŋyou had chopped up | oltomurğan editomurğanedhe had chopped up | biztomurğan ediktomurğanekwe had chopped up | siztomurğan edigiztomurğanegizyou all had chopped up | alatomurğan ediletomurğanellethey had chopped up |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentomurmağan edimtomurmağanemI hadn't chopped up | sentomurmağan ediŋtomurmağaneŋyou hadn't chopped up | oltomurmağan editomurmağanedhe hadn't chopped up | biztomurmağan ediktomurmağanekwe hadn't chopped up | siztomurmağan edigiztomurmağanegizyou all hadn't chopped up | alatomurmağan ediletomurmağanellethey hadn't chopped up |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentomura edimtomuraemI was chopping up | sentomura ediŋtomuraeŋyou were chopping up | oltomura editomuraedhe was chopping up | biztomura ediktomuraekwe were chopping up | siztomura edigiztomuraegizyou all were chopping up | alatomura ediletomuraellethey were chopping up |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentomurmay edimtomurmayemI wasn't chopping up | sentomurmay ediŋtomurmayeŋyou weren't chopping up | oltomurmay editomurmayedhe wasn't chopping up | biztomurmay ediktomurmayekwe weren't chopping up | siztomurmay edigiztomurmayegizyou all weren't chopping up | alatomurmay ediletomurmayellethey weren't chopping up |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mentomuruwçan edimtomuruwçanemI used to chop up | sentomuruwçan ediŋtomuruwçaneŋyou used to chop up | oltomuruwçan editomuruwçanedhe used to chop up | biztomuruwçan ediktomuruwçanekwe used to chop up | siztomuruwçan edigiztomuruwçanegizyou all used to chop up | alatomuruwçan ediletomuruwçanellethey used to chop up |
| Habitual past (used to) | mentomurmawçan edimtomurmawçanemI didn't use to chop up | sentomurmawçan ediŋtomurmawçaneŋyou didn't use to chop up | oltomurmawçan editomurmawçanedhe didn't use to chop up | biztomurmawçan ediktomurmawçanekwe didn't use to chop up | siztomurmawçan edigiztomurmawçanegizyou all didn't use to chop up | alatomurmawçan ediletomurmawçanellethey didn't use to chop up |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltomurub edihe had chopped up and remained so | alatomurub edilethey had chopped up and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltomurub tül edihe hadn't chopped up | alatomurub tül edilethey hadn't chopped up | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentomurub tura edimtomurub turaemI had kept chopping up | sentomurub tura ediŋtomurub turaeŋyou had kept chopping up | oltomurub tura editomurub turaedhe had kept chopping up | biztomurub tura ediktomurub turaekwe had kept chopping up | siztomurub tura edigiztomurub turaegizyou all had kept chopping up | alatomurub tura ediletomurub turaellethey had kept chopping up |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentomurub turmay edimtomurub turmayemI hadn't kept chopping up | sentomurub turmay ediŋtomurub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept chopping up | oltomurub turmay editomurub turmayedhe hadn't kept chopping up | biztomurub turmay ediktomurub turmayekwe hadn't kept chopping up | siztomurub turmay edigiztomurub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept chopping up | alatomurub turmay ediletomurub turmayellethey hadn't kept chopping up |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentomura tura edimtomura turaemI was in the middle of chopping up | sentomura tura ediŋtomura turaeŋyou were in the middle of chopping up | oltomura tura editomura turaedhe was in the middle of chopping up | biztomura tura ediktomura turaekwe were in the middle of chopping up | siztomura tura edigiztomura turaegizyou all were in the middle of chopping up | alatomura tura ediletomura turaellethey were in the middle of chopping up |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentomura turmay edimtomura turmayemI wasn't in the middle of chopping up | sentomura turmay ediŋtomura turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of chopping up | oltomura turmay editomura turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of chopping up | biztomura turmay ediktomura turmayekwe weren't in the middle of chopping up | siztomura turmay edigiztomura turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of chopping up | alatomura turmay ediletomura turmayellethey weren't in the middle of chopping up |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentomurur edimtomurur emI would chop up | sentomurur ediŋtomurur eŋyou would chop up | oltomurur editomurur edhe would chop up | biztomurur ediktomurur ekwe would chop up | siztomurur edigiztomurur egizyou all would chop up | alatomurur ediletomurur ellethey would chop up |
| Conditional result (would) | mentomurmaz edimtomurmaz emI wouldn't chop up | sentomurmaz ediŋtomurmaz eŋyou wouldn't chop up | oltomurmaz editomurmaz edhe wouldn't chop up | biztomurmaz ediktomurmaz ekwe wouldn't chop up | siztomurmaz edigiztomurmaz egizyou all wouldn't chop up | alatomurmaz ediletomurmaz ellethey wouldn't chop up |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentomurluq edim2tomurluq emtomurruq edimI would have chopped up | sentomurluq ediŋ2tomurluq eŋtomurruq ediŋyou would have chopped up | oltomurluq edi2tomurluq edtomurruq edihe would have chopped up | biztomurluq edik2tomurluq ektomurruq edikwe would have chopped up | siztomurluq edigiz2tomurluq egiztomurruq edigizyou all would have chopped up | alatomurluq edile2tomurluq elletomurruq edilethey would have chopped up |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentomurluq tül edim2tomurluq tül emtomurruq tül edimI wouldn't have chopped up | sentomurluq tül ediŋ2tomurluq tül eŋtomurruq tül ediŋyou wouldn't have chopped up | oltomurluq tül edi2tomurluq tül edtomurruq tül edihe wouldn't have chopped up | biztomurluq tül edik2tomurluq tül ektomurruq tül edikwe wouldn't have chopped up | siztomurluq tül edigiz2tomurluq tül egiztomurruq tül edigizyou all wouldn't have chopped up | alatomurluq tül edile2tomurluq tül elletomurruq tül edilethey wouldn't have chopped up |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tomurruq edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mentomursamif I chop up | sentomursaŋif you chop up | oltomursaif he chops up | biztomursaqif we chop up | siztomursağızif you all chop up | alatomursalaif they chop up |
| Conditional | mentomurmasamif I don't chop up | sentomurmasaŋif you don't chop up | oltomurmasaif he doesn't chop up | biztomurmasaqif we don't chop up | siztomurmasağızif you all don't chop up | alatomurmasalaif they don't chop up |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentomura esemif I am chopping up | sentomura eseŋif you are chopping up | oltomura eseif he is chopping up | biztomura esekif we are chopping up | siztomura esegizif you all are chopping up | alatomura eseleif they are chopping up |
| Conditional, present real | mentomurmay esemif I am not chopping up | sentomurmay eseŋif you are not chopping up | oltomurmay eseif he is not chopping up | biztomurmay esekif we are not chopping up | siztomurmay esegizif you all are not chopping up | alatomurmay eseleif they are not chopping up |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentomursam editomursam edif only I chopped up | sentomursaŋ editomursaŋ edif only you chopped up | oltomursa editomursaedif only he chopped up | biztomursaq editomursaq edif only we chopped up | siztomursağız editomursağız edif only you all chopped up | alatomursala editomursalaedif only they chopped up |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentomurmasam editomurmasam edif only I didn't chop up | sentomurmasaŋ editomurmasaŋ edif only you didn't chop up | oltomurmasa editomurmasaedif only he didn't chop up | biztomurmasaq editomurmasaq edif only we didn't chop up | siztomurmasağız editomurmasağız edif only you all didn't chop up | alatomurmasala editomurmasalaedif only they didn't chop up |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentomurub tursamif I carry on chopping up | sentomurub tursaŋif you carry on chopping up | oltomurub tursaif he carries on chopping up | biztomurub tursaqif we carry on chopping up | siztomurub tursağızif you all carry on chopping up | alatomurub tursalaif they carry on chopping up |
| Durative conditional | mentomurub turmasamif I don't carry on chopping up | sentomurub turmasaŋif you don't carry on chopping up | oltomurub turmasaif he doesn't carry on chopping up | biztomurub turmasaqif we don't carry on chopping up | siztomurub turmasağızif you all don't carry on chopping up | alatomurub turmasalaif they don't carry on chopping up |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentomurub tura esemif I have kept chopping up | sentomurub tura eseŋif you have kept chopping up | oltomurub tura eseif he has kept chopping up | biztomurub tura esekif we have kept chopping up | siztomurub tura esegizif you all have kept chopping up | alatomurub tura eseleif they have kept chopping up |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentomurub turmay esemif I haven't kept chopping up | sentomurub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept chopping up | oltomurub turmay eseif he hasn't kept chopping up | biztomurub turmay esekif we haven't kept chopping up | siztomurub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept chopping up | alatomurub turmay eseleif they haven't kept chopping up |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentomura tursamif I keep chopping up | sentomura tursaŋif you keep chopping up | oltomura tursaif he keeps chopping up | biztomura tursaqif we keep chopping up | siztomura tursağızif you all keep chopping up | alatomura tursalaif they keep chopping up |
| Progressive conditional | mentomurmay tursamif I keep on not chopping up | sentomurmay tursaŋif you keep on not chopping up | oltomurmay tursaif he keeps on not chopping up | biztomurmay tursaqif we keep on not chopping up | siztomurmay tursağızif you all keep on not chopping up | alatomurmay tursalaif they keep on not chopping up |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentomura tura esemif I am in the middle of chopping up | sentomura tura eseŋif you are in the middle of chopping up | oltomura tura eseif he is in the middle of chopping up | biztomura tura esekif we are in the middle of chopping up | siztomura tura esegizif you all are in the middle of chopping up | alatomura tura eseleif they are in the middle of chopping up |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentomurmay tura esemif I keep on not chopping up | sentomurmay tura eseŋif you keep on not chopping up | oltomurmay tura eseif he keeps on not chopping up | biztomurmay tura esekif we keep on not chopping up | siztomurmay tura esegizif you all keep on not chopping up | alatomurmay tura eseleif they keep on not chopping up |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | mentomurdum esemif I chopped up | sentomurduŋ eseŋif you chopped up | oltomurdu eseif he chopped up | biztomurduq esekif we chopped up | siztomurduğuz esegizif you all chopped up | alatomurdula eseleif they chopped up |
| Conditional, definite past3 | mentomurmadım esemif I didn't chop up | sentomurmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't chop up | oltomurmadı eseif he didn't chop up | biztomurmadıq esekif we didn't chop up | siztomurmadığız esegizif you all didn't chop up | alatomurmadıla eseleif they didn't chop up |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mentomurğan esemif I did chop up (indeed) | sentomurğan eseŋif you did chop up (indeed) | oltomurğan eseif he did chop up (indeed) | biztomurğan esekif we did chop up (indeed) | siztomurğan esegizif you all did chop up (indeed) | alatomurğan eseleif they did chop up (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mentomurmağan esemif I didn't chop up (indeed) | sentomurmağan eseŋif you didn't chop up (indeed) | oltomurmağan eseif he didn't chop up (indeed) | biztomurmağan esekif we didn't chop up (indeed) | siztomurmağan esegizif you all didn't chop up (indeed) | alatomurmağan eseleif they didn't chop up (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentomurğan bolsamif I had chopped up | sentomurğan bolsaŋif you had chopped up | oltomurğan bolsaif he had chopped up | biztomurğan bolsaqif we had chopped up | siztomurğan bolsağızif you all had chopped up | alatomurğan bolsalaif they had chopped up |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentomurmağan bolsamif I hadn't chopped up | sentomurmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't chopped up | oltomurmağan bolsaif he hadn't chopped up | biztomurmağan bolsaqif we hadn't chopped up | siztomurmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't chopped up | alatomurmağan bolsalaif they hadn't chopped up |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentomurğan bolsam editomurğan bolsam edif only I had chopped up | sentomurğan bolsaŋ editomurğan bolsaŋ edif only you had chopped up | oltomurğan bolsa editomurğan bolsaedif only he had chopped up | biztomurğan bolsaq editomurğan bolsaq edif only we had chopped up | siztomurğan bolsağız editomurğan bolsağız edif only you all had chopped up | alatomurğan bolsala editomurğan bolsalaedif only they had chopped up |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentomurmağan bolsam editomurmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't chopped up | sentomurmağan bolsaŋ editomurmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't chopped up | oltomurmağan bolsa editomurmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't chopped up | biztomurmağan bolsaq editomurmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't chopped up | siztomurmağan bolsağız editomurmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't chopped up | alatomurmağan bolsala editomurmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't chopped up |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentomurur esemif I will chop up | sentomurur eseŋif you will chop up | oltomurur eseif he will chop up | biztomurur esekif we will chop up | siztomurur esegizif you all will chop up | alatomurur eseleif they will chop up |
| Conditional, aorist | mentomurmaz esemif I won't chop up | sentomurmaz eseŋif you won't chop up | oltomurmaz eseif he won't chop up | biztomurmaz esekif we won't chop up | siztomurmaz esegizif you all won't chop up | alatomurmaz eseleif they won't chop up |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mentomurluq esem4tomurruq esemif I am going to chop up | sentomurluq eseŋ4tomurruq eseŋif you are going to chop up | oltomurluq ese4tomurruq eseif he is going to chop up | biztomurluq esek4tomurruq esekif we are going to chop up | siztomurluq esegiz4tomurruq esegizif you all are going to chop up | alatomurluq esele4tomurruq eseleif they are going to chop up |
| Conditional, future | mentomurluq tül esem4tomurruq tül esemif I am not going to chop up | sentomurluq tül eseŋ4tomurruq tül eseŋif you are not going to chop up | oltomurluq tül ese4tomurruq tül eseif he is not going to chop up | biztomurluq tül esek4tomurruq tül esekif we are not going to chop up | siztomurluq tül esegiz4tomurruq tül esegizif you all are not going to chop up | alatomurluq tül esele4tomurruq tül eseleif they are not going to chop up |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentomurluq bolsam5tomurruq bolsamif I were going to chop up | sentomurluq bolsaŋ5tomurruq bolsaŋif you were going to chop up | oltomurluq bolsa5tomurruq bolsaif he were going to chop up | biztomurluq bolsaq5tomurruq bolsaqif we were going to chop up | siztomurluq bolsağız5tomurruq bolsağızif you all were going to chop up | alatomurluq bolsala5tomurruq bolsalaif they were going to chop up |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentomurmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to chop up | sentomurmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to chop up | oltomurmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to chop up | biztomurmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to chop up | siztomurmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to chop up | alatomurmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to chop up |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso tomurduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tomurruq ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tomurruq bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentomura bolurmaI must be chopping up | sentomura bolursayou must be chopping up | oltomura bolurhe must be chopping up | biztomura bolurbuzwe must be chopping up | siztomura bolursuzyou all must be chopping up | alatomura bolurlathey must be chopping up |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentomurmay bolurmaI must not be chopping up | sentomurmay bolursayou must not be chopping up | oltomurmay bolurhe must not be chopping up | biztomurmay bolurbuzwe must not be chopping up | siztomurmay bolursuzyou all must not be chopping up | alatomurmay bolurlathey must not be chopping up |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentomura tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of chopping up | sentomura tura bolursayou must be in the middle of chopping up | oltomura tura bolurhe must be in the middle of chopping up | biztomura tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of chopping up | siztomura tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of chopping up | alatomura tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of chopping up |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentomurmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not chopping up | sentomurmay tura bolursayou must keep on not chopping up | oltomurmay tura bolurhe must keep on not chopping up | biztomurmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not chopping up | siztomurmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not chopping up | alatomurmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not chopping up |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mentomurğan bolurmaI must have chopped up | sentomurğan bolursayou must have chopped up | oltomurğan bolurhe must have chopped up | biztomurğan bolurbuzwe must have chopped up | siztomurğan bolursuzyou all must have chopped up | alatomurğan bolurlathey must have chopped up |
| Inference (must have) | mentomurmağan bolurmaI must not have chopped up | sentomurmağan bolursayou must not have chopped up | oltomurmağan bolurhe must not have chopped up | biztomurmağan bolurbuzwe must not have chopped up | siztomurmağan bolursuzyou all must not have chopped up | alatomurmağan bolurlathey must not have chopped up |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentomurluq bolurma6tomurruq bolurmaI must be going to chop up | sentomurluq bolursa6tomurruq bolursayou must be going to chop up | oltomurluq bolur6tomurruq bolurhe must be going to chop up | biztomurluq bolurbuz6tomurruq bolurbuzwe must be going to chop up | siztomurluq bolursuz6tomurruq bolursuzyou all must be going to chop up | alatomurluq bolurla6tomurruq bolurlathey must be going to chop up |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentomurmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to chop up | sentomurmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to chop up | oltomurmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to chop up | biztomurmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to chop up | siztomurmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to chop up | alatomurmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to chop up |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tomurruq bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentomurayımlet me chop up | sentomur!chop up! | oltomursunlet him chop up | biztomurayıqlet's chop up | siztomuruğuz!chop up, you all! | alatomursunlalet them chop up |
| Commands & suggestions | mentomurmayımlet me not chop up | sentomurma!don't chop up! | oltomurmasınlet him not chop up | biztomurmayıqlet's not chop up | siztomurmağız!don't chop up, you all! | alatomurmasınlalet them not chop up |
| Commands & suggestions | mentomurayımmı?shall I chop up? | oltomursunmu?should he chop up? | biztomurayıqmı?shall we chop up? | alatomursunlamı?should they chop up? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mentomurmayımmı?shall I not chop up? | oltomurmasınmı?should he not chop up? | biztomurmayıqmı?shall we not chop up? | alatomurmasınlamı?should they not chop up? | ||
| Requests | sentomurçu7tomurçunplease chop up | oltomursunçudo let him chop up | siztomurçuğuzplease chop up (plural/polite) | alatomursunlaçıdo let them chop up | ||
| Requests | sentomurmaçı7tomurmaçınplease don't chop up | oltomurmasınçıdo let him not chop up | siztomurmaçığızplease don't chop up (plural/polite) | alatomurmasınlaçıdo let them not chop up | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentomurğuntomurğumay you chop up | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentomurmağıntomurmağımay you not chop up | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentomurğay edim tomurğa edimwould that I chopped up | sentomurğay ediŋ tomurğa ediŋwould that you chopped up | oltomurğay edi tomurğa ediwould that he chopped up | biztomurğay edik tomurğa edikwould that we chopped up | siztomurğay edigiz tomurğa edigizwould that you all chopped up | alatomurğay edile tomurğa edilewould that they chopped up |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentomurmağay edim tomurmağa edimwould that I did not chop up | sentomurmağay ediŋ tomurmağa ediŋwould that you did not chop up | oltomurmağay edi tomurmağa ediwould that he did not chop up | biztomurmağay edik tomurmağa edikwould that we did not chop up | siztomurmağay edigiz tomurmağa edigizwould that you all did not chop up | alatomurmağay edile tomurmağa edilewould that they did not chop up |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentomurmağa qoyayımtomurma qoyayımlet me allow someone to chop up | sentomurmağa qoy!tomurma qoy!let someone chop up! | oltomurmağa qoysuntomurma qoysunlet him allow someone to chop up | biztomurmağa qoyayıqtomurma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to chop up | siztomurmağa qoyuğuz!tomurma qoyuğuz!let someone chop up, you all! | alatomurmağa qoysunlatomurma qoysunlalet them allow someone to chop up |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentomurmağa qoymayımtomurma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to chop up | sentomurmağa qoyma!tomurma qoyma!don't let someone chop up! | oltomurmağa qoymasıntomurma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to chop up | biztomurmağa qoymayıqtomurma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to chop up | siztomurmağa qoymağız!tomurma qoymağız!don't let someone chop up, you all! | alatomurmağa qoymasınlatomurma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to chop up |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentomurmağa qoyayımmı?tomurma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to chop up? | oltomurmağa qoysunmu?tomurma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to chop up? | biztomurmağa qoyayıqmı?tomurma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to chop up? | alatomurmağa qoysunlamı?tomurma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to chop up? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentomurmağa qoymayımmı?tomurma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to chop up? | oltomurmağa qoymasınmı?tomurma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to chop up? | biztomurmağa qoymayıqmı?tomurma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to chop up? | alatomurmağa qoymasınlamı?tomurma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to chop up? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mentomurmağa qoyamatomurma qoyamaI allow someone to chop up | sentomurmağa qoyasatomurma qoyasayou allow someone to chop up | oltomurmağa qoyadıtomurma qoyadıhe allows someone to chop up | biztomurmağa qoyabıztomurma qoyabızwe allow someone to chop up | siztomurmağa qoyasıztomurma qoyasızyou all allow someone to chop up | alatomurmağa qoyadılatomurma qoyadılathey allow someone to chop up |
| Let someone… (present) | mentomurmağa qoymaymatomurma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to chop up | sentomurmağa qoymaysatomurma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to chop up | oltomurmağa qoymaydıtomurma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to chop up | biztomurmağa qoymaybıztomurma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to chop up | siztomurmağa qoymaysıztomurma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to chop up | alatomurmağa qoymaydılatomurma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to chop up |
| Let someone… (present) | mentomurmağa qoyamamı?tomurma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to chop up? | sentomurmağa qoyamısa?tomurma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to chop up? | oltomurmağa qoyamıdı?tomurma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to chop up? | biztomurmağa qoyabızmı?tomurma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to chop up? | siztomurmağa qoyamısız?tomurma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to chop up? | alatomurmağa qoyamıdıla?tomurma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to chop up? |
| Let someone… (present) | mentomurmağa qoymaymamı?tomurma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to chop up? | sentomurmağa qoymaymısa?tomurma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to chop up? | oltomurmağa qoymaymıdı?tomurma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to chop up? | biztomurmağa qoymaybızmı?tomurma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to chop up? | siztomurmağa qoymaymısız?tomurma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to chop up? | alatomurmağa qoymaymıdıla?tomurma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to chop up? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentomurmağa qoydumtomurma qoydumI allowed someone to chop up | sentomurmağa qoyduŋtomurma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to chop up | oltomurmağa qoydutomurma qoyduhe allowed someone to chop up | biztomurmağa qoyduqtomurma qoyduqwe allowed someone to chop up | siztomurmağa qoyduğuztomurma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to chop up | alatomurmağa qoydulatomurma qoydulathey allowed someone to chop up |
| Let someone… (past) | mentomurmağa qoymadımtomurma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to chop up | sentomurmağa qoymadıŋtomurma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to chop up | oltomurmağa qoymadıtomurma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to chop up | biztomurmağa qoymadıqtomurma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to chop up | siztomurmağa qoymadığıztomurma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to chop up | alatomurmağa qoymadılatomurma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to chop up |
| Let someone… (past) | mentomurmağa qoydummu?tomurma qoydummu?did I allow someone to chop up? | sentomurmağa qoyduŋmu?tomurma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to chop up? | oltomurmağa qoydumu?tomurma qoydumu?did he allow someone to chop up? | biztomurmağa qoyduqmu?tomurma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to chop up? | siztomurmağa qoyduğuzmu?tomurma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to chop up? | alatomurmağa qoydulamı?tomurma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to chop up? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentomurmağa qoymadımmı?tomurma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to chop up? | sentomurmağa qoymadıŋmı?tomurma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to chop up? | oltomurmağa qoymadımı?tomurma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to chop up? | biztomurmağa qoymadıqmı?tomurma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to chop up? | siztomurmağa qoymadığızmı?tomurma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to chop up? | alatomurmağa qoymadılamı?tomurma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to chop up? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
tomuralırğa be able to chop up · tomuralmazğa be unable to chop up
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentomuralamaI can chop up | sentomuralasayou can chop up | oltomuraladıhe can chop up | biztomuralabızwe can chop up | siztomuralasızyou all can chop up | alatomuraladılathey can chop up |
| Ability — present | mentomuralmaymaI can't chop up | sentomuralmaysayou can't chop up | oltomuralmaydıhe can't chop up | biztomuralmaybızwe can't chop up | siztomuralmaysızyou all can't chop up | alatomuralmaydılathey can't chop up |
| Ability — present | mentomuralamamı? tomuralamıma?can I chop up? | sentomuralamısa?can you chop up? | oltomuralamıdı?can he chop up? | biztomuralabızmı? tomuralamıbız?can we chop up? | siztomuralamısız?can you all chop up? | alatomuralamıdıla?can they chop up? |
| Ability — present | mentomuralmaymamı? tomuralmaymıma?can't I chop up? | sentomuralmaymısa?can't you chop up? | oltomuralmaymıdı?can't he chop up? | biztomuralmaybızmı? tomuralmaymıbız?can't we chop up? | siztomuralmaymısız?can't you all chop up? | alatomuralmaymıdıla?can't they chop up? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentomuralsamif I can chop up | sentomuralsaŋif you can chop up | oltomuralsaif he can chop up | biztomuralsaqif we can chop up | siztomuralsağızif you all can chop up | alatomuralsalaif they can chop up |
| Ability — if I can… | mentomuralmasamif I can't chop up | sentomuralmasaŋif you can't chop up | oltomuralmasaif he can't chop up | biztomuralmasaqif we can't chop up | siztomuralmasağızif you all can't chop up | alatomuralmasalaif they can't chop up |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentomuraldımI was able to chop up | sentomuraldıŋyou were able to chop up | oltomuraldıhe was able to chop up | biztomuraldıqwe were able to chop up | siztomuraldığızyou all were able to chop up | alatomuraldılathey were able to chop up |
| Ability — simple past | mentomuralmadımI could not chop up | sentomuralmadıŋyou could not chop up | oltomuralmadıhe could not chop up | biztomuralmadıqwe could not chop up | siztomuralmadığızyou all could not chop up | alatomuralmadılathey could not chop up |
| Ability — simple past | mentomuraldımmı?was I able to chop up? | sentomuraldıŋmı?were you able to chop up? | oltomuraldımı?was he able to chop up? | biztomuraldıqmı?were we able to chop up? | siztomuraldığızmı?were you all able to chop up? | alatomuraldılamı?were they able to chop up? |
| Ability — simple past | mentomuralmadımmı?couldn't I chop up? | sentomuralmadıŋmı?couldn't you chop up? | oltomuralmadımı?couldn't he chop up? | biztomuralmadıqmı?couldn't we chop up? | siztomuralmadığızmı?couldn't you all chop up? | alatomuralmadılamı?couldn't they chop up? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentomuralğanmaI have been able to chop up | sentomuralğansayou have been able to chop up | oltomuralğandıhe has been able to chop up | biztomuralğanbızwe have been able to chop up | siztomuralğansızyou all have been able to chop up | alatomuralğandılathey have been able to chop up |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentomuralmağanmaI haven't been able to chop up | sentomuralmağansayou haven't been able to chop up | oltomuralmağandıhe hasn't been able to chop up | biztomuralmağanbızwe haven't been able to chop up | siztomuralmağansızyou all haven't been able to chop up | alatomuralmağandılathey haven't been able to chop up |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentomuralğanmamı? tomuralğanmıma?have I been able to chop up? | sentomuralğanmısa?have you been able to chop up? | oltomuralğanmıdı?has he been able to chop up? | biztomuralğanbızmı? tomuralğanmıbız?have we been able to chop up? | siztomuralğanmısız?have you all been able to chop up? | alatomuralğanmıdıla?have they been able to chop up? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentomuralmağanmamı? tomuralmağanmıma?haven't I been able to chop up? | sentomuralmağanmısa?haven't you been able to chop up? | oltomuralmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to chop up? | biztomuralmağanbızmı? tomuralmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to chop up? | siztomuralmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to chop up? | alatomuralmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to chop up? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentomuralğan edimtomuralğanemI had been able to chop up | sentomuralğan ediŋtomuralğaneŋyou had been able to chop up | oltomuralğan editomuralğanedhe had been able to chop up | biztomuralğan ediktomuralğanekwe had been able to chop up | siztomuralğan edigiztomuralğanegizyou all had been able to chop up | alatomuralğan ediletomuralğanellethey had been able to chop up |
| Ability — past perfect | mentomuralmağan edimtomuralmağanemI hadn't been able to chop up | sentomuralmağan ediŋtomuralmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to chop up | oltomuralmağan editomuralmağanedhe hadn't been able to chop up | biztomuralmağan ediktomuralmağanekwe hadn't been able to chop up | siztomuralmağan edigiztomuralmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to chop up | alatomuralmağan ediletomuralmağanellethey hadn't been able to chop up |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentomurala edimtomuralaemI could chop up | sentomurala ediŋtomuralaeŋyou could chop up | oltomurala editomuralaedhe could chop up | biztomurala ediktomuralaekwe could chop up | siztomurala edigiztomuralaegizyou all could chop up | alatomurala ediletomuralaellethey could chop up |
| Ability — past background | mentomuralmay edimtomuralmayemI could not chop up | sentomuralmay ediŋtomuralmayeŋyou could not chop up | oltomuralmay editomuralmayedhe could not chop up | biztomuralmay ediktomuralmayekwe could not chop up | siztomuralmay edigiztomuralmayegizyou all could not chop up | alatomuralmay ediletomuralmayellethey could not chop up |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentomuralırmaI will be able to chop up | sentomuralırsayou will be able to chop up | oltomuralırhe will be able to chop up | biztomuralırbızwe will be able to chop up | siztomuralırsızyou all will be able to chop up | alatomuralırlathey will be able to chop up |
| Ability — future I | mentomuralmazmaI won't be able to chop up | sentomuralmazsayou won't be able to chop up | oltomuralmazhe won't be able to chop up | biztomuralmazbızwe won't be able to chop up | siztomuralmazsızyou all won't be able to chop up | alatomuralmazlathey won't be able to chop up |
| Ability — future I | mentomuralırmamı? tomuralırmıma?will I be able to chop up? | sentomuralırmısa?will you be able to chop up? | oltomuralırmı?will he be able to chop up? | biztomuralırbızmı? tomuralırmıbız?will we be able to chop up? | siztomuralırmısız?will you all be able to chop up? | alatomuralırlamı? tomuralırmıla?will they be able to chop up? |
| Ability — future I | mentomuralmazmamı? tomuralmazmıma?won't I be able to chop up? | sentomuralmazmısa?won't you be able to chop up? | oltomuralmazmı?won't he be able to chop up? | biztomuralmazbızmı? tomuralmazmıbız?won't we be able to chop up? | siztomuralmazmısız?won't you all be able to chop up? | alatomuralmazlamı? tomuralmazmıla?won't they be able to chop up? |
| Ability — future II | mentomurallıqmaI am going to be able to chop up | sentomurallıqsayou are going to be able to chop up | oltomurallıqdıhe is going to be able to chop up | biztomurallıqbızwe are going to be able to chop up | siztomurallıqsızyou all are going to be able to chop up | alatomurallıqdılathey are going to be able to chop up |
| Ability — future II | mentomurallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to chop up | sentomurallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to chop up | oltomurallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to chop up | biztomurallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to chop up | siztomurallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to chop up | alatomurallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to chop up |
| Ability — future II | mentomurallıqmamı? tomurallıqmıma?am I going to be able to chop up? | sentomurallıqmısa?are you going to be able to chop up? | oltomurallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to chop up? | biztomurallıqbızmı? tomurallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to chop up? | siztomurallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to chop up? | alatomurallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to chop up? |
| Ability — future II | mentomurallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to chop up? | sentomurallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to chop up? | oltomurallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to chop up? | biztomurallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to chop up? | siztomurallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to chop up? | alatomurallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to chop up? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentomuralır edimtomuralır emI would be able to chop up | sentomuralır ediŋtomuralır eŋyou would be able to chop up | oltomuralır editomuralır edhe would be able to chop up | biztomuralır ediktomuralır ekwe would be able to chop up | siztomuralır edigiztomuralır egizyou all would be able to chop up | alatomuralır ediletomuralır ellethey would be able to chop up |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentomuralmaz edimtomuralmaz emI wouldn't be able to chop up | sentomuralmaz ediŋtomuralmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to chop up | oltomuralmaz editomuralmaz edhe wouldn't be able to chop up | biztomuralmaz ediktomuralmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to chop up | siztomuralmaz edigiztomuralmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to chop up | alatomuralmaz ediletomuralmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to chop up |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentomuralğıntomuralğımay you be able to chop up | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentomuralmağıntomuralmağımay you not be able to chop up | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mentomururğa izleymeI want to chop up | sentomururğa izleyseyou want to chop up | oltomururğa izleydihe wants to chop up | biztomururğa izleybizwe want to chop up | siztomururğa izleysizyou all want to chop up | alatomururğa izleydilethey want to chop up |
| want to | mentomururğa izlemeymeI do not want to chop up | sentomururğa izlemeyseyou do not want to chop up | oltomururğa izlemeydihe does not want to chop up | biztomururğa izlemeybizwe do not want to chop up | siztomururğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to chop up | alatomururğa izlemeydilethey do not want to chop up |
| would like to | mentomururğa süemeI would like to chop up | sentomururğa süeseyou would like to chop up | oltomururğa süedihe would like to chop up | biztomururğa süebizwe would like to chop up | siztomururğa süesizyou all would like to chop up | alatomururğa süedilethey would like to chop up |
| would like to | mentomururğa süymeymeI would not like to chop up | sentomururğa süymeyseyou would not like to chop up | oltomururğa süymeydihe would not like to chop up | biztomururğa süymeybizwe would not like to chop up | siztomururğa süymeysizyou all would not like to chop up | alatomururğa süymeydilethey would not like to chop up |
| hope to | mentomururğa umutlanamaI hope to chop up | sentomururğa umutlanasayou hope to chop up | oltomururğa umutlanadıhe hopes to chop up | biztomururğa umutlanabızwe hope to chop up | siztomururğa umutlanasızyou all hope to chop up | alatomururğa umutlanadılathey hope to chop up |
| hope to | mentomururğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to chop up | sentomururğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to chop up | oltomururğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to chop up | biztomururğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to chop up | siztomururğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to chop up | alatomururğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to chop up |
| be about to | mentomururğa deb turamaI am about to chop up | sentomururğa deb turasayou are about to chop up | oltomururğa deb turadıhe is about to chop up | biztomururğa deb turabızwe are about to chop up | siztomururğa deb turasızyou all are about to chop up | alatomururğa deb turadılathey are about to chop up |
| be about to | mentomururğa deb turmaymaI am not about to chop up | sentomururğa deb turmaysayou are not about to chop up | oltomururğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to chop up | biztomururğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to chop up | siztomururğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to chop up | alatomururğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to chop up |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mentomururğa kerekmeI need to chop up | sentomururğa kerekseyou need to chop up | oltomururğa kerekdihe needs to chop up | biztomururğa kerekbizwe need to chop up | siztomururğa kereksizyou all need to chop up | alatomururğa kerekdilethey need to chop up |
| need to | mentomururğa kerek tülmeI do not need to chop up | sentomururğa kerek tülseyou do not need to chop up | oltomururğa kerek tüldühe does not need to chop up | biztomururğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to chop up | siztomururğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to chop up | alatomururğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to chop up |
| have to | menmenŋe tomururğa tüşediI have to chop up | sensenŋe tomururğa tüşediyou have to chop up | olaŋa tomururğa tüşedihe has to chop up | bizbizge tomururğa tüşediwe have to chop up | sizsizge tomururğa tüşediyou all have to chop up | alaalağa tomururğa tüşedithey have to chop up |
| have to | menmenŋe tomururğa tüşmeydiI do not have to chop up | sensenŋe tomururğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to chop up | olaŋa tomururğa tüşmeydihe does not have to chop up | bizbizge tomururğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to chop up | sizsizge tomururğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to chop up | alaalağa tomururğa tüşmeydithey do not have to chop up |
| be obliged to | mentomururğa borçlumaI am obliged to chop up | sentomururğa borçlusayou are obliged to chop up | oltomururğa borçluduhe is obliged to chop up | biztomururğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to chop up | siztomururğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to chop up | alatomururğa borçludulathey are obliged to chop up |
| be obliged to | mentomururğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to chop up | sentomururğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to chop up | oltomururğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to chop up | biztomururğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to chop up | siztomururğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to chop up | alatomururğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to chop up |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mentomururğa madarım bardıI have a way to chop up | sentomururğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to chop up | oltomururğa madarı bardıhe has a way to chop up | biztomururğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to chop up | siztomururğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to chop up | alatomururğa madarları bardıthey have a way to chop up |
| have a way to | mentomururğa madarım joqduI have no way to chop up | sentomururğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to chop up | oltomururğa madarı joqduhe has no way to chop up | biztomururğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to chop up | siztomururğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to chop up | alatomururğa madarları joqduthey have no way to chop up |
| be free to | mentomururğa erkinligim bardıI am free to chop up | sentomururğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to chop up | oltomururğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to chop up | biztomururğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to chop up | siztomururğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to chop up | alatomururğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to chop up |
| be free to | mentomururğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to chop up | sentomururğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to chop up | oltomururğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to chop up | biztomururğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to chop up | siztomururğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to chop up | alatomururğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to chop up |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tomururğa bolluqduit is possible for me to chop up | sensenŋe tomururğa bolluqduit is possible for you to chop up | olaŋa tomururğa bolluqduit is possible for him to chop up | bizbizge tomururğa bolluqduit is possible for us to chop up | sizsizge tomururğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to chop up | alaalağa tomururğa bolluqduit is possible for them to chop up |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tomururğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to chop up | sensenŋe tomururğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to chop up | olaŋa tomururğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to chop up | bizbizge tomururğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to chop up | sizsizge tomururğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to chop up | alaalağa tomururğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to chop up |
| be ready to | mentomururğa hazırmaI am ready to chop up | sentomururğa hazırsayou are ready to chop up | oltomururğa hazırdıhe is ready to chop up | biztomururğa hazırbızwe are ready to chop up | siztomururğa hazırsızyou all are ready to chop up | alatomururğa hazırdılathey are ready to chop up |
| be ready to | mentomururğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to chop up | sentomururğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to chop up | oltomururğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to chop up | biztomururğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to chop up | siztomururğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to chop up | alatomururğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to chop up |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mentomururğa küreşemeI am trying to chop up | sentomururğa küreşeseyou are trying to chop up | oltomururğa küreşedihe is trying to chop up | biztomururğa küreşebizwe are trying to chop up | siztomururğa küreşesizyou all are trying to chop up | alatomururğa küreşedilethey are trying to chop up |
| try to | mentomururğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to chop up | sentomururğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to chop up | oltomururğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to chop up | biztomururğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to chop up | siztomururğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to chop up | alatomururğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to chop up |
| agree to | mentomururğa unaymaI agree to chop up | sentomururğa unaysayou agree to chop up | oltomururğa unaydıhe agrees to chop up | biztomururğa unaybızwe agree to chop up | siztomururğa unaysızyou all agree to chop up | alatomururğa unaydılathey agree to chop up |
| agree to | mentomururğa unamaymaI refuse to chop up | sentomururğa unamaysayou refuse to chop up | oltomururğa unamaydıhe refuses to chop up | biztomururğa unamaybızwe refuse to chop up | siztomururğa unamaysızyou all refuse to chop up | alatomururğa unamaydılathey refuse to chop up |
| hurry to | mentomururğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to chop up | sentomururğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to chop up | oltomururğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to chop up | biztomururğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to chop up | siztomururğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to chop up | alatomururğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to chop up |
| hurry to | mentomururğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to chop up | sentomururğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to chop up | oltomururğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to chop up | biztomururğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to chop up | siztomururğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to chop up | alatomururğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to chop up |
| be afraid to | mentomururğa qorqamaI am afraid to chop up | sentomururğa qorqasayou are afraid to chop up | oltomururğa qorqadıhe is afraid to chop up | biztomururğa qorqabızwe are afraid to chop up | siztomururğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to chop up | alatomururğa qorqadılathey are afraid to chop up |
| be afraid to | mentomururğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to chop up | sentomururğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to chop up | oltomururğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to chop up | biztomururğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to chop up | siztomururğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to chop up | alatomururğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to chop up |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentomura bolmazmaI can't be chopping up | sentomura bolmazsayou can't be chopping up | oltomura bolmazhe can't be chopping up | biztomura bolmazbızwe can't be chopping up | siztomura bolmazsızyou all can't be chopping up | alatomura bolmazlathey can't be chopping up |
| Inference, present — double negation | mentomurmay bolmazmaI must be chopping up (emphatic) | sentomurmay bolmazsayou must be chopping up (emphatic) | oltomurmay bolmazhe must be chopping up (emphatic) | biztomurmay bolmazbızwe must be chopping up (emphatic) | siztomurmay bolmazsızyou all must be chopping up (emphatic) | alatomurmay bolmazlathey must be chopping up (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentomura turmasamif I don't keep chopping up | sentomura turmasaŋif you don't keep chopping up | oltomura turmasaif he doesn't keep chopping up | biztomura turmasaqif we don't keep chopping up | siztomura turmasağızif you all don't keep chopping up | alatomura turmasalaif they don't keep chopping up |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentomura tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of chopping up | sentomura tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of chopping up | oltomura tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of chopping up | biztomura tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of chopping up | siztomura tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of chopping up | alatomura tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of chopping up |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mentomurmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not chopping up (emphatic) | sentomurmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not chopping up (emphatic) | oltomurmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not chopping up (emphatic) | biztomurmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not chopping up (emphatic) | siztomurmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not chopping up (emphatic) | alatomurmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not chopping up (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mentomurmay turamaI keep on not chopping up | sentomurmay turasayou keep on not chopping up | oltomurmay turadıhe keeps on not chopping up | biztomurmay turabızwe keep on not chopping up | siztomurmay turasızyou all keep on not chopping up | alatomurmay turadılathey keep on not chopping up |
| Progressive — double negation | mentomurmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not chopping up | sentomurmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not chopping up | oltomurmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not chopping up | biztomurmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not chopping up | siztomurmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not chopping up | alatomurmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not chopping up |
| Progressive — double negation | mentomurmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not chopping up? | sentomurmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not chopping up? | oltomurmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not chopping up? | biztomurmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not chopping up? | siztomurmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not chopping up? | alatomurmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not chopping up? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mentomurğan bolmazmaI can't have chopped up | sentomurğan bolmazsayou can't have chopped up | oltomurğan bolmazhe can't have chopped up | biztomurğan bolmazbızwe can't have chopped up | siztomurğan bolmazsızyou all can't have chopped up | alatomurğan bolmazlathey can't have chopped up |
| Inference — double negation | mentomurmağan bolmazmaI must have chopped up (emphatic) | sentomurmağan bolmazsayou must have chopped up (emphatic) | oltomurmağan bolmazhe must have chopped up (emphatic) | biztomurmağan bolmazbızwe must have chopped up (emphatic) | siztomurmağan bolmazsızyou all must have chopped up (emphatic) | alatomurmağan bolmazlathey must have chopped up (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mentomurğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had chopped up | sentomurğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had chopped up | oltomurğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had chopped up | biztomurğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had chopped up | siztomurğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had chopped up | alatomurğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had chopped up |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mentomurmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't chopped up | sentomurmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't chopped up | oltomurmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't chopped up | biztomurmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't chopped up | siztomurmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't chopped up | alatomurmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't chopped up |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mentomurluq bolmazmaI can't be going to chop up | sentomurluq bolmazsayou can't be going to chop up | oltomurluq bolmazhe can't be going to chop up | biztomurluq bolmazbızwe can't be going to chop up | siztomurluq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to chop up | alatomurluq bolmazlathey can't be going to chop up |
| Inference, future — double negation | mentomurmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to chop up (emphatic) | sentomurmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to chop up (emphatic) | oltomurmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to chop up (emphatic) | biztomurmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to chop up (emphatic) | siztomurmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to chop up (emphatic) | alatomurmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to chop up (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mentomurluq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to chop up | sentomurluq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to chop up | oltomurluq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to chop up | biztomurluq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to chop up | siztomurluq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to chop up | alatomurluq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to chop up |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mentomurmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to chop up | sentomurmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to chop up | oltomurmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to chop up | biztomurmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to chop up | siztomurmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to chop up | alatomurmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to chop up |