tompaytırğa
/tompajtɯrʁa/
knock down, topple, overturn — Causative of tompayırğa "fall over". With the converb urub it means knock someone down with a blow: urub tompaytırğa.
- urub tompaytırğa — to knock down with a blow
- jel terekni tompaytdı — the wind knocked the tree down
- sabiy çelekni tompaytdı — the child knocked over the bucket
- ol meni urub tompaytdı — he knocked me down with a blow
- Tüyüşgenleni biri jawnu, urub, tompaytdı — One of the fighters struck the enemy and knocked him down
- anı tompaytma — don't knock him over
Conjugation
Common forms
- tompaytadıhe is toppling
- tompaytdıhe toppled
- tompaythandıhe has toppled
- tompaytırhe will topple
- tompaytırıqdıhe is going to topple
- tompayta edihe was toppling
- tompaytsaif he topples
- tompayt!topple!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentompaytamaI am toppling | sentompaytasayou are toppling | oltompaytadıhe is toppling | biztompaytabızwe are toppling | siztompaytasızyou all are toppling | alatompaytadılathey are toppling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentompaytmaymaI am not toppling | sentompaytmaysayou are not toppling | oltompaytmaydıhe is not toppling | biztompaytmaybızwe are not toppling | siztompaytmaysızyou all are not toppling | alatompaytmaydılathey are not toppling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentompaytamamı? tompaytamıma?am I toppling? | sentompaytamısa?are you toppling? | oltompaytamıdı?is he toppling? | biztompaytabızmı? tompaytamıbız?are we toppling? | siztompaytamısız?are you all toppling? | alatompaytamıdıla?are they toppling? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentompaytmaymamı? tompaytmaymıma?aren't I toppling? | sentompaytmaymısa?aren't you toppling? | oltompaytmaymıdı?isn't he toppling? | biztompaytmaybızmı? tompaytmaymıbız?aren't we toppling? | siztompaytmaymısız?aren't you all toppling? | alatompaytmaymıdıla?aren't they toppling? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentompaytıwçanmaI usually topple | sentompaytıwçansayou usually topple | oltompaytıwçandıhe usually topples | biztompaytıwçanbızwe usually topple | siztompaytıwçansızyou all usually topple | alatompaytıwçandılathey usually topple |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentompaytmawçanmaI usually don't topple | sentompaytmawçansayou usually don't topple | oltompaytmawçandıhe usually doesn't topple | biztompaytmawçanbızwe usually don't topple | siztompaytmawçansızyou all usually don't topple | alatompaytmawçandılathey usually don't topple |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentompaytıwçanmamı? tompaytıwçanmıma?do I usually topple? | sentompaytıwçanmısa?do you usually topple? | oltompaytıwçanmıdı?does he usually topple? | biztompaytıwçanbızmı? tompaytıwçanmıbız?do we usually topple? | siztompaytıwçanmısız?do you all usually topple? | alatompaytıwçanmıdıla?do they usually topple? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentompaytmawçanmamı? tompaytmawçanmıma?do I usually not topple? | sentompaytmawçanmısa?do you usually not topple? | oltompaytmawçanmıdı?does he usually not topple? | biztompaytmawçanbızmı? tompaytmawçanmıbız?do we usually not topple? | siztompaytmawçanmısız?do you all usually not topple? | alatompaytmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not topple? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltompaytıbdıhe has toppled and remains so | alatompaytıbdılathey have toppled and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltompaytıbmıdı?has he toppled? | alatompaytıbmıdıla?have they toppled? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentompaytıb turamaI keep toppling | sentompaytıb turasayou keep toppling | oltompaytıb turadıhe keeps toppling | biztompaytıb turabızwe keep toppling | siztompaytıb turasızyou all keep toppling | alatompaytıb turadılathey keep toppling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentompaytıb turmaymaI don't keep toppling | sentompaytıb turmaysayou don't keep toppling | oltompaytıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep toppling | biztompaytıb turmaybızwe don't keep toppling | siztompaytıb turmaysızyou all don't keep toppling | alatompaytıb turmaydılathey don't keep toppling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentompaytıb turamamı? tompaytıb turamıma?do I keep toppling? | sentompaytıb turamısa?do you keep toppling? | oltompaytıb turamıdı?does he keep toppling? | biztompaytıb turabızmı? tompaytıb turamıbız?do we keep toppling? | siztompaytıb turamısız?do you all keep toppling? | alatompaytıb turamıdıla?do they keep toppling? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentompaytıb turmaymamı? tompaytıb turmaymıma?don't I keep toppling? | sentompaytıb turmaymısa?don't you keep toppling? | oltompaytıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep toppling? | biztompaytıb turmaybızmı? tompaytıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep toppling? | siztompaytıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep toppling? | alatompaytıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep toppling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentompayta turamaI am in the middle of toppling | sentompayta turasayou are in the middle of toppling | oltompayta turadıhe is in the middle of toppling | biztompayta turabızwe are in the middle of toppling | siztompayta turasızyou all are in the middle of toppling | alatompayta turadılathey are in the middle of toppling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentompayta turmaymaI am not in the middle of toppling | sentompayta turmaysayou are not in the middle of toppling | oltompayta turmaydıhe is not in the middle of toppling | biztompayta turmaybızwe are not in the middle of toppling | siztompayta turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of toppling | alatompayta turmaydılathey are not in the middle of toppling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentompayta turamamı? tompayta turamıma?am I in the middle of toppling? | sentompayta turamısa?are you in the middle of toppling? | oltompayta turamıdı?is he in the middle of toppling? | biztompayta turabızmı? tompayta turamıbız?are we in the middle of toppling? | siztompayta turamısız?are you all in the middle of toppling? | alatompayta turamıdıla?are they in the middle of toppling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentompayta turmaymamı? tompayta turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of toppling? | sentompayta turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of toppling? | oltompayta turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of toppling? | biztompayta turmaybızmı? tompayta turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of toppling? | siztompayta turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of toppling? | alatompayta turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of toppling? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentompaytdımI toppled | sentompaytdıŋyou toppled | oltompaytdıhe toppled | biztompaytdıqwe toppled | siztompaytdığızyou all toppled | alatompaytdılathey toppled |
| Simple past (definite) | mentompaytmadımI didn't topple | sentompaytmadıŋyou didn't topple | oltompaytmadıhe didn't topple | biztompaytmadıqwe didn't topple | siztompaytmadığızyou all didn't topple | alatompaytmadılathey didn't topple |
| Simple past (definite) | mentompaytdımmı?did I topple? | sentompaytdıŋmı?did you topple? | oltompaytdımı?did he topple? | biztompaytdıqmı?did we topple? | siztompaytdığızmı?did you all topple? | alatompaytdılamı?did they topple? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentompaytmadımmı?didn't I topple? | sentompaytmadıŋmı?didn't you topple? | oltompaytmadımı?didn't he topple? | biztompaytmadıqmı?didn't we topple? | siztompaytmadığızmı?didn't you all topple? | alatompaytmadılamı?didn't they topple? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentompaythanmaI have toppled | sentompaythansayou have toppled | oltompaythandıhe has toppled | biztompaythanbızwe have toppled | siztompaythansızyou all have toppled | alatompaythandılathey have toppled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentompaytmağanmaI haven't toppled | sentompaytmağansayou haven't toppled | oltompaytmağandıhe hasn't toppled | biztompaytmağanbızwe haven't toppled | siztompaytmağansızyou all haven't toppled | alatompaytmağandılathey haven't toppled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentompaythanmamı? tompaythanmıma?have I toppled? | sentompaythanmısa?have you toppled? | oltompaythanmıdı?has he toppled? | biztompaythanbızmı? tompaythanmıbız?have we toppled? | siztompaythanmısız?have you all toppled? | alatompaythanmıdıla?have they toppled? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentompaytmağanmamı? tompaytmağanmıma?haven't I toppled? | sentompaytmağanmısa?haven't you toppled? | oltompaytmağanmıdı?hasn't he toppled? | biztompaytmağanbızmı? tompaytmağanmıbız?haven't we toppled? | siztompaytmağanmısız?haven't you all toppled? | alatompaytmağanmıdıla?haven't they toppled? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentompaytıb turdumI kept toppling | sentompaytıb turduŋyou kept toppling | oltompaytıb turduhe kept toppling | biztompaytıb turduqwe kept toppling | siztompaytıb turduğuzyou all kept toppling | alatompaytıb turdulathey kept toppling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentompaytıb turmadımI didn't keep toppling | sentompaytıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep toppling | oltompaytıb turmadıhe didn't keep toppling | biztompaytıb turmadıqwe didn't keep toppling | siztompaytıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep toppling | alatompaytıb turmadılathey didn't keep toppling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentompaytırmaI will topple | sentompaytırsayou will topple | oltompaytırhe will topple | biztompaytırbızwe will topple | siztompaytırsızyou all will topple | alatompaytırlathey will topple |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentompaytmazmaI won't topple | sentompaytmazsayou won't topple | oltompaytmazhe won't topple | biztompaytmazbızwe won't topple | siztompaytmazsızyou all won't topple | alatompaytmazlathey won't topple |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentompaytırmamı? tompaytırmıma?will I topple? | sentompaytırmısa?will you topple? | oltompaytırmı?will he topple? | biztompaytırbızmı? tompaytırmıbız?will we topple? | siztompaytırmısız?will you all topple? | alatompaytırlamı? tompaytırmıla?will they topple? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentompaytmazmamı? tompaytmazmıma?won't I topple? | sentompaytmazmısa?won't you topple? | oltompaytmazmı?won't he topple? | biztompaytmazbızmı? tompaytmazmıbız?won't we topple? | siztompaytmazmısız?won't you all topple? | alatompaytmazlamı? tompaytmazmıla?won't they topple? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentompaytırıqmaI am going to topple | sentompaytırıqsayou are going to topple | oltompaytırıqdıhe is going to topple | biztompaytırıqbızwe are going to topple | siztompaytırıqsızyou all are going to topple | alatompaytırıqdılathey are going to topple |
| Definite future (future II) | mentompaytırıq tülmeI am not going to topple | sentompaytırıq tülseyou are not going to topple | oltompaytırıq tüldühe is not going to topple | biztompaytırıq tülbüzwe are not going to topple | siztompaytırıq tülsüzyou all are not going to topple | alatompaytırıq tüldülethey are not going to topple |
| Definite future (future II) | mentompaytırıqmamı? tompaytırıqmıma?am I going to topple? | sentompaytırıqmısa?are you going to topple? | oltompaytırıqmıdı?is he going to topple? | biztompaytırıqbızmı? tompaytırıqmıbız?are we going to topple? | siztompaytırıqmısız?are you all going to topple? | alatompaytırıqmıdıla?are they going to topple? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentompaytırıq tülmüme?aren't I going to topple? | sentompaytırıq tülmüse?aren't you going to topple? | oltompaytırıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to topple? | biztompaytırıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to topple? | siztompaytırıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to topple? | alatompaytırıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to topple? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentompaythan edimtompaythanemI had toppled | sentompaythan ediŋtompaythaneŋyou had toppled | oltompaythan editompaythanedhe had toppled | biztompaythan ediktompaythanekwe had toppled | siztompaythan edigiztompaythanegizyou all had toppled | alatompaythan ediletompaythanellethey had toppled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentompaytmağan edimtompaytmağanemI hadn't toppled | sentompaytmağan ediŋtompaytmağaneŋyou hadn't toppled | oltompaytmağan editompaytmağanedhe hadn't toppled | biztompaytmağan ediktompaytmağanekwe hadn't toppled | siztompaytmağan edigiztompaytmağanegizyou all hadn't toppled | alatompaytmağan ediletompaytmağanellethey hadn't toppled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentompayta edimtompaytaemI was toppling | sentompayta ediŋtompaytaeŋyou were toppling | oltompayta editompaytaedhe was toppling | biztompayta ediktompaytaekwe were toppling | siztompayta edigiztompaytaegizyou all were toppling | alatompayta ediletompaytaellethey were toppling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentompaytmay edimtompaytmayemI wasn't toppling | sentompaytmay ediŋtompaytmayeŋyou weren't toppling | oltompaytmay editompaytmayedhe wasn't toppling | biztompaytmay ediktompaytmayekwe weren't toppling | siztompaytmay edigiztompaytmayegizyou all weren't toppling | alatompaytmay ediletompaytmayellethey weren't toppling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mentompaytıwçan edimtompaytıwçanemI used to topple | sentompaytıwçan ediŋtompaytıwçaneŋyou used to topple | oltompaytıwçan editompaytıwçanedhe used to topple | biztompaytıwçan ediktompaytıwçanekwe used to topple | siztompaytıwçan edigiztompaytıwçanegizyou all used to topple | alatompaytıwçan ediletompaytıwçanellethey used to topple |
| Habitual past (used to) | mentompaytmawçan edimtompaytmawçanemI didn't use to topple | sentompaytmawçan ediŋtompaytmawçaneŋyou didn't use to topple | oltompaytmawçan editompaytmawçanedhe didn't use to topple | biztompaytmawçan ediktompaytmawçanekwe didn't use to topple | siztompaytmawçan edigiztompaytmawçanegizyou all didn't use to topple | alatompaytmawçan ediletompaytmawçanellethey didn't use to topple |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltompaytıb edihe had toppled and remained so | alatompaytıb edilethey had toppled and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltompaytıb tül edihe hadn't toppled | alatompaytıb tül edilethey hadn't toppled | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentompaytıb tura edimtompaytıb turaemI had kept toppling | sentompaytıb tura ediŋtompaytıb turaeŋyou had kept toppling | oltompaytıb tura editompaytıb turaedhe had kept toppling | biztompaytıb tura ediktompaytıb turaekwe had kept toppling | siztompaytıb tura edigiztompaytıb turaegizyou all had kept toppling | alatompaytıb tura ediletompaytıb turaellethey had kept toppling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentompaytıb turmay edimtompaytıb turmayemI hadn't kept toppling | sentompaytıb turmay ediŋtompaytıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept toppling | oltompaytıb turmay editompaytıb turmayedhe hadn't kept toppling | biztompaytıb turmay ediktompaytıb turmayekwe hadn't kept toppling | siztompaytıb turmay edigiztompaytıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept toppling | alatompaytıb turmay ediletompaytıb turmayellethey hadn't kept toppling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentompayta tura edimtompayta turaemI was in the middle of toppling | sentompayta tura ediŋtompayta turaeŋyou were in the middle of toppling | oltompayta tura editompayta turaedhe was in the middle of toppling | biztompayta tura ediktompayta turaekwe were in the middle of toppling | siztompayta tura edigiztompayta turaegizyou all were in the middle of toppling | alatompayta tura ediletompayta turaellethey were in the middle of toppling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentompayta turmay edimtompayta turmayemI wasn't in the middle of toppling | sentompayta turmay ediŋtompayta turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of toppling | oltompayta turmay editompayta turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of toppling | biztompayta turmay ediktompayta turmayekwe weren't in the middle of toppling | siztompayta turmay edigiztompayta turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of toppling | alatompayta turmay ediletompayta turmayellethey weren't in the middle of toppling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentompaytır edimtompaytır emI would topple | sentompaytır ediŋtompaytır eŋyou would topple | oltompaytır editompaytır edhe would topple | biztompaytır ediktompaytır ekwe would topple | siztompaytır edigiztompaytır egizyou all would topple | alatompaytır ediletompaytır ellethey would topple |
| Conditional result (would) | mentompaytmaz edimtompaytmaz emI wouldn't topple | sentompaytmaz ediŋtompaytmaz eŋyou wouldn't topple | oltompaytmaz editompaytmaz edhe wouldn't topple | biztompaytmaz ediktompaytmaz ekwe wouldn't topple | siztompaytmaz edigiztompaytmaz egizyou all wouldn't topple | alatompaytmaz ediletompaytmaz ellethey wouldn't topple |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentompaytırıq edimtompaytırıq emI would have toppled | sentompaytırıq ediŋtompaytırıq eŋyou would have toppled | oltompaytırıq editompaytırıq edhe would have toppled | biztompaytırıq ediktompaytırıq ekwe would have toppled | siztompaytırıq edigiztompaytırıq egizyou all would have toppled | alatompaytırıq ediletompaytırıq ellethey would have toppled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentompaytırıq tül edimtompaytırıq tül emI wouldn't have toppled | sentompaytırıq tül ediŋtompaytırıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have toppled | oltompaytırıq tül editompaytırıq tül edhe wouldn't have toppled | biztompaytırıq tül ediktompaytırıq tül ekwe wouldn't have toppled | siztompaytırıq tül edigiztompaytırıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have toppled | alatompaytırıq tül ediletompaytırıq tül ellethey wouldn't have toppled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mentompaytsamif I topple | sentompaytsaŋif you topple | oltompaytsaif he topples | biztompaytsaqif we topple | siztompaytsağızif you all topple | alatompaytsalaif they topple |
| Conditional | mentompaytmasamif I don't topple | sentompaytmasaŋif you don't topple | oltompaytmasaif he doesn't topple | biztompaytmasaqif we don't topple | siztompaytmasağızif you all don't topple | alatompaytmasalaif they don't topple |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentompayta esemif I am toppling | sentompayta eseŋif you are toppling | oltompayta eseif he is toppling | biztompayta esekif we are toppling | siztompayta esegizif you all are toppling | alatompayta eseleif they are toppling |
| Conditional, present real | mentompaytmay esemif I am not toppling | sentompaytmay eseŋif you are not toppling | oltompaytmay eseif he is not toppling | biztompaytmay esekif we are not toppling | siztompaytmay esegizif you all are not toppling | alatompaytmay eseleif they are not toppling |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentompaytsam editompaytsam edif only I toppled | sentompaytsaŋ editompaytsaŋ edif only you toppled | oltompaytsa editompaytsaedif only he toppled | biztompaytsaq editompaytsaq edif only we toppled | siztompaytsağız editompaytsağız edif only you all toppled | alatompaytsala editompaytsalaedif only they toppled |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentompaytmasam editompaytmasam edif only I didn't topple | sentompaytmasaŋ editompaytmasaŋ edif only you didn't topple | oltompaytmasa editompaytmasaedif only he didn't topple | biztompaytmasaq editompaytmasaq edif only we didn't topple | siztompaytmasağız editompaytmasağız edif only you all didn't topple | alatompaytmasala editompaytmasalaedif only they didn't topple |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentompaytıb tursamif I carry on toppling | sentompaytıb tursaŋif you carry on toppling | oltompaytıb tursaif he carries on toppling | biztompaytıb tursaqif we carry on toppling | siztompaytıb tursağızif you all carry on toppling | alatompaytıb tursalaif they carry on toppling |
| Durative conditional | mentompaytıb turmasamif I don't carry on toppling | sentompaytıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on toppling | oltompaytıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on toppling | biztompaytıb turmasaqif we don't carry on toppling | siztompaytıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on toppling | alatompaytıb turmasalaif they don't carry on toppling |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentompaytıb tura esemif I have kept toppling | sentompaytıb tura eseŋif you have kept toppling | oltompaytıb tura eseif he has kept toppling | biztompaytıb tura esekif we have kept toppling | siztompaytıb tura esegizif you all have kept toppling | alatompaytıb tura eseleif they have kept toppling |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentompaytıb turmay esemif I haven't kept toppling | sentompaytıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept toppling | oltompaytıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept toppling | biztompaytıb turmay esekif we haven't kept toppling | siztompaytıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept toppling | alatompaytıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept toppling |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentompayta tursamif I keep toppling | sentompayta tursaŋif you keep toppling | oltompayta tursaif he keeps toppling | biztompayta tursaqif we keep toppling | siztompayta tursağızif you all keep toppling | alatompayta tursalaif they keep toppling |
| Progressive conditional | mentompaytmay tursamif I keep on not toppling | sentompaytmay tursaŋif you keep on not toppling | oltompaytmay tursaif he keeps on not toppling | biztompaytmay tursaqif we keep on not toppling | siztompaytmay tursağızif you all keep on not toppling | alatompaytmay tursalaif they keep on not toppling |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentompayta tura esemif I am in the middle of toppling | sentompayta tura eseŋif you are in the middle of toppling | oltompayta tura eseif he is in the middle of toppling | biztompayta tura esekif we are in the middle of toppling | siztompayta tura esegizif you all are in the middle of toppling | alatompayta tura eseleif they are in the middle of toppling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentompaytmay tura esemif I keep on not toppling | sentompaytmay tura eseŋif you keep on not toppling | oltompaytmay tura eseif he keeps on not toppling | biztompaytmay tura esekif we keep on not toppling | siztompaytmay tura esegizif you all keep on not toppling | alatompaytmay tura eseleif they keep on not toppling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentompaytdım esemif I toppled | sentompaytdıŋ eseŋif you toppled | oltompaytdı eseif he toppled | biztompaytdıq esekif we toppled | siztompaytdığız esegizif you all toppled | alatompaytdıla eseleif they toppled |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentompaytmadım esemif I didn't topple | sentompaytmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't topple | oltompaytmadı eseif he didn't topple | biztompaytmadıq esekif we didn't topple | siztompaytmadığız esegizif you all didn't topple | alatompaytmadıla eseleif they didn't topple |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mentompaythan esemif I did topple (indeed) | sentompaythan eseŋif you did topple (indeed) | oltompaythan eseif he did topple (indeed) | biztompaythan esekif we did topple (indeed) | siztompaythan esegizif you all did topple (indeed) | alatompaythan eseleif they did topple (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mentompaytmağan esemif I didn't topple (indeed) | sentompaytmağan eseŋif you didn't topple (indeed) | oltompaytmağan eseif he didn't topple (indeed) | biztompaytmağan esekif we didn't topple (indeed) | siztompaytmağan esegizif you all didn't topple (indeed) | alatompaytmağan eseleif they didn't topple (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentompaythan bolsamif I had toppled | sentompaythan bolsaŋif you had toppled | oltompaythan bolsaif he had toppled | biztompaythan bolsaqif we had toppled | siztompaythan bolsağızif you all had toppled | alatompaythan bolsalaif they had toppled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentompaytmağan bolsamif I hadn't toppled | sentompaytmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't toppled | oltompaytmağan bolsaif he hadn't toppled | biztompaytmağan bolsaqif we hadn't toppled | siztompaytmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't toppled | alatompaytmağan bolsalaif they hadn't toppled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentompaythan bolsam editompaythan bolsam edif only I had toppled | sentompaythan bolsaŋ editompaythan bolsaŋ edif only you had toppled | oltompaythan bolsa editompaythan bolsaedif only he had toppled | biztompaythan bolsaq editompaythan bolsaq edif only we had toppled | siztompaythan bolsağız editompaythan bolsağız edif only you all had toppled | alatompaythan bolsala editompaythan bolsalaedif only they had toppled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentompaytmağan bolsam editompaytmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't toppled | sentompaytmağan bolsaŋ editompaytmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't toppled | oltompaytmağan bolsa editompaytmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't toppled | biztompaytmağan bolsaq editompaytmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't toppled | siztompaytmağan bolsağız editompaytmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't toppled | alatompaytmağan bolsala editompaytmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't toppled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentompaytır esemif I will topple | sentompaytır eseŋif you will topple | oltompaytır eseif he will topple | biztompaytır esekif we will topple | siztompaytır esegizif you all will topple | alatompaytır eseleif they will topple |
| Conditional, aorist | mentompaytmaz esemif I won't topple | sentompaytmaz eseŋif you won't topple | oltompaytmaz eseif he won't topple | biztompaytmaz esekif we won't topple | siztompaytmaz esegizif you all won't topple | alatompaytmaz eseleif they won't topple |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mentompaytırıq esemif I am going to topple | sentompaytırıq eseŋif you are going to topple | oltompaytırıq eseif he is going to topple | biztompaytırıq esekif we are going to topple | siztompaytırıq esegizif you all are going to topple | alatompaytırıq eseleif they are going to topple |
| Conditional, future | mentompaytırıq tül esemif I am not going to topple | sentompaytırıq tül eseŋif you are not going to topple | oltompaytırıq tül eseif he is not going to topple | biztompaytırıq tül esekif we are not going to topple | siztompaytırıq tül esegizif you all are not going to topple | alatompaytırıq tül eseleif they are not going to topple |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentompaytırıq bolsamif I were going to topple | sentompaytırıq bolsaŋif you were going to topple | oltompaytırıq bolsaif he were going to topple | biztompaytırıq bolsaqif we were going to topple | siztompaytırıq bolsağızif you all were going to topple | alatompaytırıq bolsalaif they were going to topple |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentompaytmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to topple | sentompaytmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to topple | oltompaytmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to topple | biztompaytmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to topple | siztompaytmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to topple | alatompaytmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to topple |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso tompaytdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentompayta bolurmaI must be toppling | sentompayta bolursayou must be toppling | oltompayta bolurhe must be toppling | biztompayta bolurbuzwe must be toppling | siztompayta bolursuzyou all must be toppling | alatompayta bolurlathey must be toppling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentompaytmay bolurmaI must not be toppling | sentompaytmay bolursayou must not be toppling | oltompaytmay bolurhe must not be toppling | biztompaytmay bolurbuzwe must not be toppling | siztompaytmay bolursuzyou all must not be toppling | alatompaytmay bolurlathey must not be toppling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentompayta tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of toppling | sentompayta tura bolursayou must be in the middle of toppling | oltompayta tura bolurhe must be in the middle of toppling | biztompayta tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of toppling | siztompayta tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of toppling | alatompayta tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of toppling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentompaytmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not toppling | sentompaytmay tura bolursayou must keep on not toppling | oltompaytmay tura bolurhe must keep on not toppling | biztompaytmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not toppling | siztompaytmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not toppling | alatompaytmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not toppling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mentompaythan bolurmaI must have toppled | sentompaythan bolursayou must have toppled | oltompaythan bolurhe must have toppled | biztompaythan bolurbuzwe must have toppled | siztompaythan bolursuzyou all must have toppled | alatompaythan bolurlathey must have toppled |
| Inference (must have) | mentompaytmağan bolurmaI must not have toppled | sentompaytmağan bolursayou must not have toppled | oltompaytmağan bolurhe must not have toppled | biztompaytmağan bolurbuzwe must not have toppled | siztompaytmağan bolursuzyou all must not have toppled | alatompaytmağan bolurlathey must not have toppled |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentompaytırıq bolurmaI must be going to topple | sentompaytırıq bolursayou must be going to topple | oltompaytırıq bolurhe must be going to topple | biztompaytırıq bolurbuzwe must be going to topple | siztompaytırıq bolursuzyou all must be going to topple | alatompaytırıq bolurlathey must be going to topple |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentompaytmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to topple | sentompaytmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to topple | oltompaytmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to topple | biztompaytmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to topple | siztompaytmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to topple | alatompaytmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to topple |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentompaytayımlet me topple | sentompayt!topple! | oltompaytsınlet him topple | biztompaytayıqlet's topple | siztompaytığız!topple, you all! | alatompaytsınlalet them topple |
| Commands & suggestions | mentompaytmayımlet me not topple | sentompaytma!don't topple! | oltompaytmasınlet him not topple | biztompaytmayıqlet's not topple | siztompaytmağız!don't topple, you all! | alatompaytmasınlalet them not topple |
| Commands & suggestions | mentompaytayımmı?shall I topple? | oltompaytsınmı?should he topple? | biztompaytayıqmı?shall we topple? | alatompaytsınlamı?should they topple? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mentompaytmayımmı?shall I not topple? | oltompaytmasınmı?should he not topple? | biztompaytmayıqmı?shall we not topple? | alatompaytmasınlamı?should they not topple? | ||
| Requests | sentompaytçı2tompaytçınplease topple | oltompaytsınçıdo let him topple | siztompaytçığızplease topple (plural/polite) | alatompaytsınlaçıdo let them topple | ||
| Requests | sentompaytmaçı2tompaytmaçınplease don't topple | oltompaytmasınçıdo let him not topple | siztompaytmaçığızplease don't topple (plural/polite) | alatompaytmasınlaçıdo let them not topple | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentompaythıntompaythımay you topple | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentompaytmağıntompaytmağımay you not topple | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentompaythay edim tompaytha edimwould that I toppled | sentompaythay ediŋ tompaytha ediŋwould that you toppled | oltompaythay edi tompaytha ediwould that he toppled | biztompaythay edik tompaytha edikwould that we toppled | siztompaythay edigiz tompaytha edigizwould that you all toppled | alatompaythay edile tompaytha edilewould that they toppled |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentompaytmağay edim tompaytmağa edimwould that I did not topple | sentompaytmağay ediŋ tompaytmağa ediŋwould that you did not topple | oltompaytmağay edi tompaytmağa ediwould that he did not topple | biztompaytmağay edik tompaytmağa edikwould that we did not topple | siztompaytmağay edigiz tompaytmağa edigizwould that you all did not topple | alatompaytmağay edile tompaytmağa edilewould that they did not topple |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentompaytmağa qoyayımtompaytma qoyayımlet me allow someone to topple | sentompaytmağa qoy!tompaytma qoy!let someone topple! | oltompaytmağa qoysuntompaytma qoysunlet him allow someone to topple | biztompaytmağa qoyayıqtompaytma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to topple | siztompaytmağa qoyuğuz!tompaytma qoyuğuz!let someone topple, you all! | alatompaytmağa qoysunlatompaytma qoysunlalet them allow someone to topple |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentompaytmağa qoymayımtompaytma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to topple | sentompaytmağa qoyma!tompaytma qoyma!don't let someone topple! | oltompaytmağa qoymasıntompaytma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to topple | biztompaytmağa qoymayıqtompaytma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to topple | siztompaytmağa qoymağız!tompaytma qoymağız!don't let someone topple, you all! | alatompaytmağa qoymasınlatompaytma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to topple |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentompaytmağa qoyayımmı?tompaytma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to topple? | oltompaytmağa qoysunmu?tompaytma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to topple? | biztompaytmağa qoyayıqmı?tompaytma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to topple? | alatompaytmağa qoysunlamı?tompaytma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to topple? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentompaytmağa qoymayımmı?tompaytma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to topple? | oltompaytmağa qoymasınmı?tompaytma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to topple? | biztompaytmağa qoymayıqmı?tompaytma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to topple? | alatompaytmağa qoymasınlamı?tompaytma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to topple? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mentompaytmağa qoyamatompaytma qoyamaI allow someone to topple | sentompaytmağa qoyasatompaytma qoyasayou allow someone to topple | oltompaytmağa qoyadıtompaytma qoyadıhe allows someone to topple | biztompaytmağa qoyabıztompaytma qoyabızwe allow someone to topple | siztompaytmağa qoyasıztompaytma qoyasızyou all allow someone to topple | alatompaytmağa qoyadılatompaytma qoyadılathey allow someone to topple |
| Let someone… (present) | mentompaytmağa qoymaymatompaytma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to topple | sentompaytmağa qoymaysatompaytma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to topple | oltompaytmağa qoymaydıtompaytma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to topple | biztompaytmağa qoymaybıztompaytma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to topple | siztompaytmağa qoymaysıztompaytma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to topple | alatompaytmağa qoymaydılatompaytma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to topple |
| Let someone… (present) | mentompaytmağa qoyamamı?tompaytma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to topple? | sentompaytmağa qoyamısa?tompaytma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to topple? | oltompaytmağa qoyamıdı?tompaytma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to topple? | biztompaytmağa qoyabızmı?tompaytma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to topple? | siztompaytmağa qoyamısız?tompaytma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to topple? | alatompaytmağa qoyamıdıla?tompaytma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to topple? |
| Let someone… (present) | mentompaytmağa qoymaymamı?tompaytma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to topple? | sentompaytmağa qoymaymısa?tompaytma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to topple? | oltompaytmağa qoymaymıdı?tompaytma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to topple? | biztompaytmağa qoymaybızmı?tompaytma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to topple? | siztompaytmağa qoymaymısız?tompaytma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to topple? | alatompaytmağa qoymaymıdıla?tompaytma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to topple? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentompaytmağa qoydumtompaytma qoydumI allowed someone to topple | sentompaytmağa qoyduŋtompaytma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to topple | oltompaytmağa qoydutompaytma qoyduhe allowed someone to topple | biztompaytmağa qoyduqtompaytma qoyduqwe allowed someone to topple | siztompaytmağa qoyduğuztompaytma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to topple | alatompaytmağa qoydulatompaytma qoydulathey allowed someone to topple |
| Let someone… (past) | mentompaytmağa qoymadımtompaytma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to topple | sentompaytmağa qoymadıŋtompaytma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to topple | oltompaytmağa qoymadıtompaytma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to topple | biztompaytmağa qoymadıqtompaytma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to topple | siztompaytmağa qoymadığıztompaytma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to topple | alatompaytmağa qoymadılatompaytma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to topple |
| Let someone… (past) | mentompaytmağa qoydummu?tompaytma qoydummu?did I allow someone to topple? | sentompaytmağa qoyduŋmu?tompaytma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to topple? | oltompaytmağa qoydumu?tompaytma qoydumu?did he allow someone to topple? | biztompaytmağa qoyduqmu?tompaytma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to topple? | siztompaytmağa qoyduğuzmu?tompaytma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to topple? | alatompaytmağa qoydulamı?tompaytma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to topple? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentompaytmağa qoymadımmı?tompaytma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to topple? | sentompaytmağa qoymadıŋmı?tompaytma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to topple? | oltompaytmağa qoymadımı?tompaytma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to topple? | biztompaytmağa qoymadıqmı?tompaytma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to topple? | siztompaytmağa qoymadığızmı?tompaytma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to topple? | alatompaytmağa qoymadılamı?tompaytma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to topple? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
tompaytalırğa be able to topple · tompaytalmazğa be unable to topple
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentompaytalamaI can topple | sentompaytalasayou can topple | oltompaytaladıhe can topple | biztompaytalabızwe can topple | siztompaytalasızyou all can topple | alatompaytaladılathey can topple |
| Ability — present | mentompaytalmaymaI can't topple | sentompaytalmaysayou can't topple | oltompaytalmaydıhe can't topple | biztompaytalmaybızwe can't topple | siztompaytalmaysızyou all can't topple | alatompaytalmaydılathey can't topple |
| Ability — present | mentompaytalamamı? tompaytalamıma?can I topple? | sentompaytalamısa?can you topple? | oltompaytalamıdı?can he topple? | biztompaytalabızmı? tompaytalamıbız?can we topple? | siztompaytalamısız?can you all topple? | alatompaytalamıdıla?can they topple? |
| Ability — present | mentompaytalmaymamı? tompaytalmaymıma?can't I topple? | sentompaytalmaymısa?can't you topple? | oltompaytalmaymıdı?can't he topple? | biztompaytalmaybızmı? tompaytalmaymıbız?can't we topple? | siztompaytalmaymısız?can't you all topple? | alatompaytalmaymıdıla?can't they topple? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentompaytalsamif I can topple | sentompaytalsaŋif you can topple | oltompaytalsaif he can topple | biztompaytalsaqif we can topple | siztompaytalsağızif you all can topple | alatompaytalsalaif they can topple |
| Ability — if I can… | mentompaytalmasamif I can't topple | sentompaytalmasaŋif you can't topple | oltompaytalmasaif he can't topple | biztompaytalmasaqif we can't topple | siztompaytalmasağızif you all can't topple | alatompaytalmasalaif they can't topple |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentompaytaldımI was able to topple | sentompaytaldıŋyou were able to topple | oltompaytaldıhe was able to topple | biztompaytaldıqwe were able to topple | siztompaytaldığızyou all were able to topple | alatompaytaldılathey were able to topple |
| Ability — simple past | mentompaytalmadımI could not topple | sentompaytalmadıŋyou could not topple | oltompaytalmadıhe could not topple | biztompaytalmadıqwe could not topple | siztompaytalmadığızyou all could not topple | alatompaytalmadılathey could not topple |
| Ability — simple past | mentompaytaldımmı?was I able to topple? | sentompaytaldıŋmı?were you able to topple? | oltompaytaldımı?was he able to topple? | biztompaytaldıqmı?were we able to topple? | siztompaytaldığızmı?were you all able to topple? | alatompaytaldılamı?were they able to topple? |
| Ability — simple past | mentompaytalmadımmı?couldn't I topple? | sentompaytalmadıŋmı?couldn't you topple? | oltompaytalmadımı?couldn't he topple? | biztompaytalmadıqmı?couldn't we topple? | siztompaytalmadığızmı?couldn't you all topple? | alatompaytalmadılamı?couldn't they topple? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentompaytalğanmaI have been able to topple | sentompaytalğansayou have been able to topple | oltompaytalğandıhe has been able to topple | biztompaytalğanbızwe have been able to topple | siztompaytalğansızyou all have been able to topple | alatompaytalğandılathey have been able to topple |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentompaytalmağanmaI haven't been able to topple | sentompaytalmağansayou haven't been able to topple | oltompaytalmağandıhe hasn't been able to topple | biztompaytalmağanbızwe haven't been able to topple | siztompaytalmağansızyou all haven't been able to topple | alatompaytalmağandılathey haven't been able to topple |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentompaytalğanmamı? tompaytalğanmıma?have I been able to topple? | sentompaytalğanmısa?have you been able to topple? | oltompaytalğanmıdı?has he been able to topple? | biztompaytalğanbızmı? tompaytalğanmıbız?have we been able to topple? | siztompaytalğanmısız?have you all been able to topple? | alatompaytalğanmıdıla?have they been able to topple? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentompaytalmağanmamı? tompaytalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to topple? | sentompaytalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to topple? | oltompaytalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to topple? | biztompaytalmağanbızmı? tompaytalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to topple? | siztompaytalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to topple? | alatompaytalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to topple? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentompaytalğan edimtompaytalğanemI had been able to topple | sentompaytalğan ediŋtompaytalğaneŋyou had been able to topple | oltompaytalğan editompaytalğanedhe had been able to topple | biztompaytalğan ediktompaytalğanekwe had been able to topple | siztompaytalğan edigiztompaytalğanegizyou all had been able to topple | alatompaytalğan ediletompaytalğanellethey had been able to topple |
| Ability — past perfect | mentompaytalmağan edimtompaytalmağanemI hadn't been able to topple | sentompaytalmağan ediŋtompaytalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to topple | oltompaytalmağan editompaytalmağanedhe hadn't been able to topple | biztompaytalmağan ediktompaytalmağanekwe hadn't been able to topple | siztompaytalmağan edigiztompaytalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to topple | alatompaytalmağan ediletompaytalmağanellethey hadn't been able to topple |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentompaytala edimtompaytalaemI could topple | sentompaytala ediŋtompaytalaeŋyou could topple | oltompaytala editompaytalaedhe could topple | biztompaytala ediktompaytalaekwe could topple | siztompaytala edigiztompaytalaegizyou all could topple | alatompaytala ediletompaytalaellethey could topple |
| Ability — past background | mentompaytalmay edimtompaytalmayemI could not topple | sentompaytalmay ediŋtompaytalmayeŋyou could not topple | oltompaytalmay editompaytalmayedhe could not topple | biztompaytalmay ediktompaytalmayekwe could not topple | siztompaytalmay edigiztompaytalmayegizyou all could not topple | alatompaytalmay ediletompaytalmayellethey could not topple |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentompaytalırmaI will be able to topple | sentompaytalırsayou will be able to topple | oltompaytalırhe will be able to topple | biztompaytalırbızwe will be able to topple | siztompaytalırsızyou all will be able to topple | alatompaytalırlathey will be able to topple |
| Ability — future I | mentompaytalmazmaI won't be able to topple | sentompaytalmazsayou won't be able to topple | oltompaytalmazhe won't be able to topple | biztompaytalmazbızwe won't be able to topple | siztompaytalmazsızyou all won't be able to topple | alatompaytalmazlathey won't be able to topple |
| Ability — future I | mentompaytalırmamı? tompaytalırmıma?will I be able to topple? | sentompaytalırmısa?will you be able to topple? | oltompaytalırmı?will he be able to topple? | biztompaytalırbızmı? tompaytalırmıbız?will we be able to topple? | siztompaytalırmısız?will you all be able to topple? | alatompaytalırlamı? tompaytalırmıla?will they be able to topple? |
| Ability — future I | mentompaytalmazmamı? tompaytalmazmıma?won't I be able to topple? | sentompaytalmazmısa?won't you be able to topple? | oltompaytalmazmı?won't he be able to topple? | biztompaytalmazbızmı? tompaytalmazmıbız?won't we be able to topple? | siztompaytalmazmısız?won't you all be able to topple? | alatompaytalmazlamı? tompaytalmazmıla?won't they be able to topple? |
| Ability — future II | mentompaytallıqmaI am going to be able to topple | sentompaytallıqsayou are going to be able to topple | oltompaytallıqdıhe is going to be able to topple | biztompaytallıqbızwe are going to be able to topple | siztompaytallıqsızyou all are going to be able to topple | alatompaytallıqdılathey are going to be able to topple |
| Ability — future II | mentompaytallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to topple | sentompaytallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to topple | oltompaytallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to topple | biztompaytallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to topple | siztompaytallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to topple | alatompaytallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to topple |
| Ability — future II | mentompaytallıqmamı? tompaytallıqmıma?am I going to be able to topple? | sentompaytallıqmısa?are you going to be able to topple? | oltompaytallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to topple? | biztompaytallıqbızmı? tompaytallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to topple? | siztompaytallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to topple? | alatompaytallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to topple? |
| Ability — future II | mentompaytallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to topple? | sentompaytallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to topple? | oltompaytallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to topple? | biztompaytallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to topple? | siztompaytallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to topple? | alatompaytallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to topple? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentompaytalır edimtompaytalır emI would be able to topple | sentompaytalır ediŋtompaytalır eŋyou would be able to topple | oltompaytalır editompaytalır edhe would be able to topple | biztompaytalır ediktompaytalır ekwe would be able to topple | siztompaytalır edigiztompaytalır egizyou all would be able to topple | alatompaytalır ediletompaytalır ellethey would be able to topple |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentompaytalmaz edimtompaytalmaz emI wouldn't be able to topple | sentompaytalmaz ediŋtompaytalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to topple | oltompaytalmaz editompaytalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to topple | biztompaytalmaz ediktompaytalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to topple | siztompaytalmaz edigiztompaytalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to topple | alatompaytalmaz ediletompaytalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to topple |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentompaytalğıntompaytalğımay you be able to topple | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentompaytalmağıntompaytalmağımay you not be able to topple | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mentompaytırğa izleymeI want to topple | sentompaytırğa izleyseyou want to topple | oltompaytırğa izleydihe wants to topple | biztompaytırğa izleybizwe want to topple | siztompaytırğa izleysizyou all want to topple | alatompaytırğa izleydilethey want to topple |
| want to | mentompaytırğa izlemeymeI do not want to topple | sentompaytırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to topple | oltompaytırğa izlemeydihe does not want to topple | biztompaytırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to topple | siztompaytırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to topple | alatompaytırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to topple |
| would like to | mentompaytırğa süemeI would like to topple | sentompaytırğa süeseyou would like to topple | oltompaytırğa süedihe would like to topple | biztompaytırğa süebizwe would like to topple | siztompaytırğa süesizyou all would like to topple | alatompaytırğa süedilethey would like to topple |
| would like to | mentompaytırğa süymeymeI would not like to topple | sentompaytırğa süymeyseyou would not like to topple | oltompaytırğa süymeydihe would not like to topple | biztompaytırğa süymeybizwe would not like to topple | siztompaytırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to topple | alatompaytırğa süymeydilethey would not like to topple |
| hope to | mentompaytırğa umutlanamaI hope to topple | sentompaytırğa umutlanasayou hope to topple | oltompaytırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to topple | biztompaytırğa umutlanabızwe hope to topple | siztompaytırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to topple | alatompaytırğa umutlanadılathey hope to topple |
| hope to | mentompaytırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to topple | sentompaytırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to topple | oltompaytırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to topple | biztompaytırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to topple | siztompaytırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to topple | alatompaytırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to topple |
| be about to | mentompaytırğa deb turamaI am about to topple | sentompaytırğa deb turasayou are about to topple | oltompaytırğa deb turadıhe is about to topple | biztompaytırğa deb turabızwe are about to topple | siztompaytırğa deb turasızyou all are about to topple | alatompaytırğa deb turadılathey are about to topple |
| be about to | mentompaytırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to topple | sentompaytırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to topple | oltompaytırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to topple | biztompaytırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to topple | siztompaytırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to topple | alatompaytırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to topple |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mentompaytırğa kerekmeI need to topple | sentompaytırğa kerekseyou need to topple | oltompaytırğa kerekdihe needs to topple | biztompaytırğa kerekbizwe need to topple | siztompaytırğa kereksizyou all need to topple | alatompaytırğa kerekdilethey need to topple |
| need to | mentompaytırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to topple | sentompaytırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to topple | oltompaytırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to topple | biztompaytırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to topple | siztompaytırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to topple | alatompaytırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to topple |
| have to | menmenŋe tompaytırğa tüşediI have to topple | sensenŋe tompaytırğa tüşediyou have to topple | olaŋa tompaytırğa tüşedihe has to topple | bizbizge tompaytırğa tüşediwe have to topple | sizsizge tompaytırğa tüşediyou all have to topple | alaalağa tompaytırğa tüşedithey have to topple |
| have to | menmenŋe tompaytırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to topple | sensenŋe tompaytırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to topple | olaŋa tompaytırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to topple | bizbizge tompaytırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to topple | sizsizge tompaytırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to topple | alaalağa tompaytırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to topple |
| be obliged to | mentompaytırğa borçlumaI am obliged to topple | sentompaytırğa borçlusayou are obliged to topple | oltompaytırğa borçluduhe is obliged to topple | biztompaytırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to topple | siztompaytırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to topple | alatompaytırğa borçludulathey are obliged to topple |
| be obliged to | mentompaytırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to topple | sentompaytırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to topple | oltompaytırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to topple | biztompaytırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to topple | siztompaytırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to topple | alatompaytırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to topple |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mentompaytırğa madarım bardıI have a way to topple | sentompaytırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to topple | oltompaytırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to topple | biztompaytırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to topple | siztompaytırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to topple | alatompaytırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to topple |
| have a way to | mentompaytırğa madarım joqduI have no way to topple | sentompaytırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to topple | oltompaytırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to topple | biztompaytırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to topple | siztompaytırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to topple | alatompaytırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to topple |
| be free to | mentompaytırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to topple | sentompaytırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to topple | oltompaytırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to topple | biztompaytırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to topple | siztompaytırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to topple | alatompaytırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to topple |
| be free to | mentompaytırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to topple | sentompaytırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to topple | oltompaytırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to topple | biztompaytırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to topple | siztompaytırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to topple | alatompaytırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to topple |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tompaytırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to topple | sensenŋe tompaytırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to topple | olaŋa tompaytırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to topple | bizbizge tompaytırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to topple | sizsizge tompaytırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to topple | alaalağa tompaytırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to topple |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tompaytırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to topple | sensenŋe tompaytırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to topple | olaŋa tompaytırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to topple | bizbizge tompaytırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to topple | sizsizge tompaytırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to topple | alaalağa tompaytırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to topple |
| be ready to | mentompaytırğa hazırmaI am ready to topple | sentompaytırğa hazırsayou are ready to topple | oltompaytırğa hazırdıhe is ready to topple | biztompaytırğa hazırbızwe are ready to topple | siztompaytırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to topple | alatompaytırğa hazırdılathey are ready to topple |
| be ready to | mentompaytırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to topple | sentompaytırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to topple | oltompaytırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to topple | biztompaytırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to topple | siztompaytırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to topple | alatompaytırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to topple |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mentompaytırğa küreşemeI am trying to topple | sentompaytırğa küreşeseyou are trying to topple | oltompaytırğa küreşedihe is trying to topple | biztompaytırğa küreşebizwe are trying to topple | siztompaytırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to topple | alatompaytırğa küreşedilethey are trying to topple |
| try to | mentompaytırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to topple | sentompaytırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to topple | oltompaytırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to topple | biztompaytırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to topple | siztompaytırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to topple | alatompaytırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to topple |
| agree to | mentompaytırğa unaymaI agree to topple | sentompaytırğa unaysayou agree to topple | oltompaytırğa unaydıhe agrees to topple | biztompaytırğa unaybızwe agree to topple | siztompaytırğa unaysızyou all agree to topple | alatompaytırğa unaydılathey agree to topple |
| agree to | mentompaytırğa unamaymaI refuse to topple | sentompaytırğa unamaysayou refuse to topple | oltompaytırğa unamaydıhe refuses to topple | biztompaytırğa unamaybızwe refuse to topple | siztompaytırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to topple | alatompaytırğa unamaydılathey refuse to topple |
| hurry to | mentompaytırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to topple | sentompaytırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to topple | oltompaytırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to topple | biztompaytırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to topple | siztompaytırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to topple | alatompaytırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to topple |
| hurry to | mentompaytırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to topple | sentompaytırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to topple | oltompaytırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to topple | biztompaytırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to topple | siztompaytırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to topple | alatompaytırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to topple |
| be afraid to | mentompaytırğa qorqamaI am afraid to topple | sentompaytırğa qorqasayou are afraid to topple | oltompaytırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to topple | biztompaytırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to topple | siztompaytırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to topple | alatompaytırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to topple |
| be afraid to | mentompaytırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to topple | sentompaytırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to topple | oltompaytırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to topple | biztompaytırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to topple | siztompaytırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to topple | alatompaytırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to topple |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentompayta bolmazmaI can't be toppling | sentompayta bolmazsayou can't be toppling | oltompayta bolmazhe can't be toppling | biztompayta bolmazbızwe can't be toppling | siztompayta bolmazsızyou all can't be toppling | alatompayta bolmazlathey can't be toppling |
| Inference, present — double negation | mentompaytmay bolmazmaI must be toppling (emphatic) | sentompaytmay bolmazsayou must be toppling (emphatic) | oltompaytmay bolmazhe must be toppling (emphatic) | biztompaytmay bolmazbızwe must be toppling (emphatic) | siztompaytmay bolmazsızyou all must be toppling (emphatic) | alatompaytmay bolmazlathey must be toppling (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentompayta turmasamif I don't keep toppling | sentompayta turmasaŋif you don't keep toppling | oltompayta turmasaif he doesn't keep toppling | biztompayta turmasaqif we don't keep toppling | siztompayta turmasağızif you all don't keep toppling | alatompayta turmasalaif they don't keep toppling |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentompayta tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of toppling | sentompayta tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of toppling | oltompayta tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of toppling | biztompayta tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of toppling | siztompayta tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of toppling | alatompayta tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of toppling |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mentompaytmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not toppling (emphatic) | sentompaytmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not toppling (emphatic) | oltompaytmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not toppling (emphatic) | biztompaytmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not toppling (emphatic) | siztompaytmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not toppling (emphatic) | alatompaytmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not toppling (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mentompaytmay turamaI keep on not toppling | sentompaytmay turasayou keep on not toppling | oltompaytmay turadıhe keeps on not toppling | biztompaytmay turabızwe keep on not toppling | siztompaytmay turasızyou all keep on not toppling | alatompaytmay turadılathey keep on not toppling |
| Progressive — double negation | mentompaytmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not toppling | sentompaytmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not toppling | oltompaytmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not toppling | biztompaytmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not toppling | siztompaytmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not toppling | alatompaytmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not toppling |
| Progressive — double negation | mentompaytmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not toppling? | sentompaytmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not toppling? | oltompaytmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not toppling? | biztompaytmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not toppling? | siztompaytmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not toppling? | alatompaytmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not toppling? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mentompaythan bolmazmaI can't have toppled | sentompaythan bolmazsayou can't have toppled | oltompaythan bolmazhe can't have toppled | biztompaythan bolmazbızwe can't have toppled | siztompaythan bolmazsızyou all can't have toppled | alatompaythan bolmazlathey can't have toppled |
| Inference — double negation | mentompaytmağan bolmazmaI must have toppled (emphatic) | sentompaytmağan bolmazsayou must have toppled (emphatic) | oltompaytmağan bolmazhe must have toppled (emphatic) | biztompaytmağan bolmazbızwe must have toppled (emphatic) | siztompaytmağan bolmazsızyou all must have toppled (emphatic) | alatompaytmağan bolmazlathey must have toppled (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mentompaythan bolmasamif it weren't that I had toppled | sentompaythan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had toppled | oltompaythan bolmasaif it weren't that he had toppled | biztompaythan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had toppled | siztompaythan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had toppled | alatompaythan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had toppled |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mentompaytmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't toppled | sentompaytmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't toppled | oltompaytmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't toppled | biztompaytmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't toppled | siztompaytmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't toppled | alatompaytmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't toppled |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mentompaytırıq bolmazmaI can't be going to topple | sentompaytırıq bolmazsayou can't be going to topple | oltompaytırıq bolmazhe can't be going to topple | biztompaytırıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to topple | siztompaytırıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to topple | alatompaytırıq bolmazlathey can't be going to topple |
| Inference, future — double negation | mentompaytmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to topple (emphatic) | sentompaytmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to topple (emphatic) | oltompaytmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to topple (emphatic) | biztompaytmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to topple (emphatic) | siztompaytmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to topple (emphatic) | alatompaytmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to topple (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mentompaytırıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to topple | sentompaytırıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to topple | oltompaytırıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to topple | biztompaytırıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to topple | siztompaytırıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to topple | alatompaytırıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to topple |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mentompaytmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to topple | sentompaytmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to topple | oltompaytmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to topple | biztompaytmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to topple | siztompaytmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to topple | alatompaytmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to topple |