süelirge
/syelirɡe/
1. stand, be standing; (of things) stand upright
- süelib tururğa — to stand
- biraz süelib tururğa — to stand for a little while
- eki sağatnı süelib turdum — I stood for two hours
- qayanı başında süelirge — to stand on the top of the cliff
- ol süelgen kimdi? — who is that standing?
- süelme da bir zat et — don't just stand, do something
- ol süeledi — he is standing
2. stand up, get up; take up a position
- örge süelirge — to get to one's feet
- barıbız da örge süeldik — we all stood up
- ornuŋa süelirge — to stand in your place
- meni allıma süel — stand in front of me
- qatına süelirge — to stand beside him
- qarawulğa süelirge — to take up guard
3. lean against, prop oneself on
- qabırğağa süelirge — to lean against the wall
- eşik üsüne süelirge — to lean on the door
- terekge süelirge — to lean on the tree
4. stand up against, oppose one source
- jawğa süelirge — to stand against the enemy
- zorluqğa süelirge — to stand up to oppression
- artıqlıqğa süelirge — to stand against injustice
Expressions
- sın taş kibik süelirge — stand motionless
Conjugation
Common forms
- süeledihe is standing
- süeldihe stood
- süelgendihe has stood
- süelirhe will stand
- süellikdihe is going to stand
- süele edihe was standing
- süelseif he stands
- süel!stand!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensüelemeI am standing | sensüeleseyou are standing | olsüeledihe is standing | bizsüelebizwe are standing | sizsüelesizyou all are standing | alasüeledilethey are standing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensüelmeymeI am not standing | sensüelmeyseyou are not standing | olsüelmeydihe is not standing | bizsüelmeybizwe are not standing | sizsüelmeysizyou all are not standing | alasüelmeydilethey are not standing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensüelememi? süelemime?am I standing? | sensüelemise?are you standing? | olsüelemidi?is he standing? | bizsüelebizmi? süelemibiz?are we standing? | sizsüelemisiz?are you all standing? | alasüelemidile?are they standing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensüelmeymemi? süelmeymime?aren't I standing? | sensüelmeymise?aren't you standing? | olsüelmeymidi?isn't he standing? | bizsüelmeybizmi? süelmeymibiz?aren't we standing? | sizsüelmeymisiz?aren't you all standing? | alasüelmeymidile?aren't they standing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensüeliwçenmeI usually stand | sensüeliwçenseyou usually stand | olsüeliwçendihe usually stands | bizsüeliwçenbizwe usually stand | sizsüeliwçensizyou all usually stand | alasüeliwçendilethey usually stand |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensüelmewçenmeI usually don't stand | sensüelmewçenseyou usually don't stand | olsüelmewçendihe usually doesn't stand | bizsüelmewçenbizwe usually don't stand | sizsüelmewçensizyou all usually don't stand | alasüelmewçendilethey usually don't stand |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensüeliwçenmemi? süeliwçenmime?do I usually stand? | sensüeliwçenmise?do you usually stand? | olsüeliwçenmidi?does he usually stand? | bizsüeliwçenbizmi? süeliwçenmibiz?do we usually stand? | sizsüeliwçenmisiz?do you all usually stand? | alasüeliwçenmidile?do they usually stand? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensüelmewçenmemi? süelmewçenmime?do I usually not stand? | sensüelmewçenmise?do you usually not stand? | olsüelmewçenmidi?does he usually not stand? | bizsüelmewçenbizmi? süelmewçenmibiz?do we usually not stand? | sizsüelmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not stand? | alasüelmewçenmidile?do they usually not stand? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsüelibdihe has stood and remains so | alasüelibdilethey have stood and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsüelibmidi?has he stood? | alasüelibmidile?have they stood? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensüelib turamaI keep standing | sensüelib turasayou keep standing | olsüelib turadıhe keeps standing | bizsüelib turabızwe keep standing | sizsüelib turasızyou all keep standing | alasüelib turadılathey keep standing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensüelib turmaymaI don't keep standing | sensüelib turmaysayou don't keep standing | olsüelib turmaydıhe doesn't keep standing | bizsüelib turmaybızwe don't keep standing | sizsüelib turmaysızyou all don't keep standing | alasüelib turmaydılathey don't keep standing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensüelib turamamı? süelib turamıma?do I keep standing? | sensüelib turamısa?do you keep standing? | olsüelib turamıdı?does he keep standing? | bizsüelib turabızmı? süelib turamıbız?do we keep standing? | sizsüelib turamısız?do you all keep standing? | alasüelib turamıdıla?do they keep standing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensüelib turmaymamı? süelib turmaymıma?don't I keep standing? | sensüelib turmaymısa?don't you keep standing? | olsüelib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep standing? | bizsüelib turmaybızmı? süelib turmaymıbız?don't we keep standing? | sizsüelib turmaymısız?don't you all keep standing? | alasüelib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep standing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensüele turamaI am in the middle of standing | sensüele turasayou are in the middle of standing | olsüele turadıhe is in the middle of standing | bizsüele turabızwe are in the middle of standing | sizsüele turasızyou all are in the middle of standing | alasüele turadılathey are in the middle of standing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensüele turmaymaI am not in the middle of standing | sensüele turmaysayou are not in the middle of standing | olsüele turmaydıhe is not in the middle of standing | bizsüele turmaybızwe are not in the middle of standing | sizsüele turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of standing | alasüele turmaydılathey are not in the middle of standing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensüele turamamı? süele turamıma?am I in the middle of standing? | sensüele turamısa?are you in the middle of standing? | olsüele turamıdı?is he in the middle of standing? | bizsüele turabızmı? süele turamıbız?are we in the middle of standing? | sizsüele turamısız?are you all in the middle of standing? | alasüele turamıdıla?are they in the middle of standing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensüele turmaymamı? süele turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of standing? | sensüele turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of standing? | olsüele turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of standing? | bizsüele turmaybızmı? süele turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of standing? | sizsüele turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of standing? | alasüele turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of standing? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensüeldimI stood | sensüeldiŋyou stood | olsüeldihe stood | bizsüeldikwe stood | sizsüeldigizyou all stood | alasüeldilethey stood |
| Simple past (definite) | mensüelmedimI didn't stand | sensüelmediŋyou didn't stand | olsüelmedihe didn't stand | bizsüelmedikwe didn't stand | sizsüelmedigizyou all didn't stand | alasüelmedilethey didn't stand |
| Simple past (definite) | mensüeldimmi?did I stand? | sensüeldiŋmi?did you stand? | olsüeldimi?did he stand? | bizsüeldikmi?did we stand? | sizsüeldigizmi?did you all stand? | alasüeldilemi?did they stand? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensüelmedimmi?didn't I stand? | sensüelmediŋmi?didn't you stand? | olsüelmedimi?didn't he stand? | bizsüelmedikmi?didn't we stand? | sizsüelmedigizmi?didn't you all stand? | alasüelmedilemi?didn't they stand? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensüelgenmeI have stood | sensüelgenseyou have stood | olsüelgendihe has stood | bizsüelgenbizwe have stood | sizsüelgensizyou all have stood | alasüelgendilethey have stood |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensüelmegenmeI haven't stood | sensüelmegenseyou haven't stood | olsüelmegendihe hasn't stood | bizsüelmegenbizwe haven't stood | sizsüelmegensizyou all haven't stood | alasüelmegendilethey haven't stood |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensüelgenmemi? süelgenmime?have I stood? | sensüelgenmise?have you stood? | olsüelgenmidi?has he stood? | bizsüelgenbizmi? süelgenmibiz?have we stood? | sizsüelgenmisiz?have you all stood? | alasüelgenmidile?have they stood? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensüelmegenmemi? süelmegenmime?haven't I stood? | sensüelmegenmise?haven't you stood? | olsüelmegenmidi?hasn't he stood? | bizsüelmegenbizmi? süelmegenmibiz?haven't we stood? | sizsüelmegenmisiz?haven't you all stood? | alasüelmegenmidile?haven't they stood? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensüelib turdumI kept standing | sensüelib turduŋyou kept standing | olsüelib turduhe kept standing | bizsüelib turduqwe kept standing | sizsüelib turduğuzyou all kept standing | alasüelib turdulathey kept standing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensüelib turmadımI didn't keep standing | sensüelib turmadıŋyou didn't keep standing | olsüelib turmadıhe didn't keep standing | bizsüelib turmadıqwe didn't keep standing | sizsüelib turmadığızyou all didn't keep standing | alasüelib turmadılathey didn't keep standing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensüelirmeI will stand | sensüelirseyou will stand | olsüelirhe will stand | bizsüelirbizwe will stand | sizsüelirsizyou all will stand | alasüelirlethey will stand |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensüelmezmeI won't stand | sensüelmezseyou won't stand | olsüelmezhe won't stand | bizsüelmezbizwe won't stand | sizsüelmezsizyou all won't stand | alasüelmezlethey won't stand |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensüelirmemi? süelirmime?will I stand? | sensüelirmise?will you stand? | olsüelirmi?will he stand? | bizsüelirbizmi? süelirmibiz?will we stand? | sizsüelirmisiz?will you all stand? | alasüelirlemi? süelirmile?will they stand? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensüelmezmemi? süelmezmime?won't I stand? | sensüelmezmise?won't you stand? | olsüelmezmi?won't he stand? | bizsüelmezbizmi? süelmezmibiz?won't we stand? | sizsüelmezmisiz?won't you all stand? | alasüelmezlemi? süelmezmile?won't they stand? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensüellikmeI am going to stand | sensüellikseyou are going to stand | olsüellikdihe is going to stand | bizsüellikbizwe are going to stand | sizsüelliksizyou all are going to stand | alasüellikdilethey are going to stand |
| Definite future (future II) | mensüellik tülmeI am not going to stand | sensüellik tülseyou are not going to stand | olsüellik tüldühe is not going to stand | bizsüellik tülbüzwe are not going to stand | sizsüellik tülsüzyou all are not going to stand | alasüellik tüldülethey are not going to stand |
| Definite future (future II) | mensüellikmemi? süellikmime?am I going to stand? | sensüellikmise?are you going to stand? | olsüellikmidi?is he going to stand? | bizsüellikbizmi? süellikmibiz?are we going to stand? | sizsüellikmisiz?are you all going to stand? | alasüellikmidile?are they going to stand? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensüellik tülmüme?aren't I going to stand? | sensüellik tülmüse?aren't you going to stand? | olsüellik tülmüdü?isn't he going to stand? | bizsüellik tülmübüz?aren't we going to stand? | sizsüellik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to stand? | alasüellik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to stand? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensüelgen edimsüelgenemI had stood | sensüelgen ediŋsüelgeneŋyou had stood | olsüelgen edisüelgenedhe had stood | bizsüelgen ediksüelgenekwe had stood | sizsüelgen edigizsüelgenegizyou all had stood | alasüelgen edilesüelgenellethey had stood |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensüelmegen edimsüelmegenemI hadn't stood | sensüelmegen ediŋsüelmegeneŋyou hadn't stood | olsüelmegen edisüelmegenedhe hadn't stood | bizsüelmegen ediksüelmegenekwe hadn't stood | sizsüelmegen edigizsüelmegenegizyou all hadn't stood | alasüelmegen edilesüelmegenellethey hadn't stood |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensüele edimsüelemI was standing | sensüele ediŋsüeleŋyou were standing | olsüele edisüeledhe was standing | bizsüele ediksüelekwe were standing | sizsüele edigizsüelegizyou all were standing | alasüele edilesüelellethey were standing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensüelmey edimsüelmeyemI wasn't standing | sensüelmey ediŋsüelmeyeŋyou weren't standing | olsüelmey edisüelmeyedhe wasn't standing | bizsüelmey ediksüelmeyekwe weren't standing | sizsüelmey edigizsüelmeyegizyou all weren't standing | alasüelmey edilesüelmeyellethey weren't standing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mensüeliwçen edimsüeliwçenemI used to stand | sensüeliwçen ediŋsüeliwçeneŋyou used to stand | olsüeliwçen edisüeliwçenedhe used to stand | bizsüeliwçen ediksüeliwçenekwe used to stand | sizsüeliwçen edigizsüeliwçenegizyou all used to stand | alasüeliwçen edilesüeliwçenellethey used to stand |
| Habitual past (used to) | mensüelmewçen edimsüelmewçenemI didn't use to stand | sensüelmewçen ediŋsüelmewçeneŋyou didn't use to stand | olsüelmewçen edisüelmewçenedhe didn't use to stand | bizsüelmewçen ediksüelmewçenekwe didn't use to stand | sizsüelmewçen edigizsüelmewçenegizyou all didn't use to stand | alasüelmewçen edilesüelmewçenellethey didn't use to stand |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsüelib edihe had stood and remained so | alasüelib edilethey had stood and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsüelib tül edihe hadn't stood | alasüelib tül edilethey hadn't stood | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensüelib tura edimsüelib turaemI had kept standing | sensüelib tura ediŋsüelib turaeŋyou had kept standing | olsüelib tura edisüelib turaedhe had kept standing | bizsüelib tura ediksüelib turaekwe had kept standing | sizsüelib tura edigizsüelib turaegizyou all had kept standing | alasüelib tura edilesüelib turaellethey had kept standing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensüelib turmay edimsüelib turmayemI hadn't kept standing | sensüelib turmay ediŋsüelib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept standing | olsüelib turmay edisüelib turmayedhe hadn't kept standing | bizsüelib turmay ediksüelib turmayekwe hadn't kept standing | sizsüelib turmay edigizsüelib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept standing | alasüelib turmay edilesüelib turmayellethey hadn't kept standing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensüele tura edimsüele turaemI was in the middle of standing | sensüele tura ediŋsüele turaeŋyou were in the middle of standing | olsüele tura edisüele turaedhe was in the middle of standing | bizsüele tura ediksüele turaekwe were in the middle of standing | sizsüele tura edigizsüele turaegizyou all were in the middle of standing | alasüele tura edilesüele turaellethey were in the middle of standing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensüele turmay edimsüele turmayemI wasn't in the middle of standing | sensüele turmay ediŋsüele turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of standing | olsüele turmay edisüele turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of standing | bizsüele turmay ediksüele turmayekwe weren't in the middle of standing | sizsüele turmay edigizsüele turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of standing | alasüele turmay edilesüele turmayellethey weren't in the middle of standing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mensüelir edimsüelir emI would stand | sensüelir ediŋsüelir eŋyou would stand | olsüelir edisüelir edhe would stand | bizsüelir ediksüelir ekwe would stand | sizsüelir edigizsüelir egizyou all would stand | alasüelir edilesüelir ellethey would stand |
| Conditional result (would) | mensüelmez edimsüelmez emI wouldn't stand | sensüelmez ediŋsüelmez eŋyou wouldn't stand | olsüelmez edisüelmez edhe wouldn't stand | bizsüelmez ediksüelmez ekwe wouldn't stand | sizsüelmez edigizsüelmez egizyou all wouldn't stand | alasüelmez edilesüelmez ellethey wouldn't stand |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensüellik edimsüellik emI would have stood | sensüellik ediŋsüellik eŋyou would have stood | olsüellik edisüellik edhe would have stood | bizsüellik ediksüellik ekwe would have stood | sizsüellik edigizsüellik egizyou all would have stood | alasüellik edilesüellik ellethey would have stood |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensüellik tül edimsüellik tül emI wouldn't have stood | sensüellik tül ediŋsüellik tül eŋyou wouldn't have stood | olsüellik tül edisüellik tül edhe wouldn't have stood | bizsüellik tül ediksüellik tül ekwe wouldn't have stood | sizsüellik tül edigizsüellik tül egizyou all wouldn't have stood | alasüellik tül edilesüellik tül ellethey wouldn't have stood |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mensüelsemif I stand | sensüelseŋif you stand | olsüelseif he stands | bizsüelsekif we stand | sizsüelsegizif you all stand | alasüelseleif they stand |
| Conditional | mensüelmesemif I don't stand | sensüelmeseŋif you don't stand | olsüelmeseif he doesn't stand | bizsüelmesekif we don't stand | sizsüelmesegizif you all don't stand | alasüelmeseleif they don't stand |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mensüele esemif I am standing | sensüele eseŋif you are standing | olsüele eseif he is standing | bizsüele esekif we are standing | sizsüele esegizif you all are standing | alasüele eseleif they are standing |
| Conditional, present real | mensüelmey esemif I am not standing | sensüelmey eseŋif you are not standing | olsüelmey eseif he is not standing | bizsüelmey esekif we are not standing | sizsüelmey esegizif you all are not standing | alasüelmey eseleif they are not standing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensüelsem edisüelsem edif only I stood | sensüelseŋ edisüelseŋ edif only you stood | olsüelse edisüelsedif only he stood | bizsüelsek edisüelsek edif only we stood | sizsüelsegiz edisüelsegiz edif only you all stood | alasüelsele edisüelseledif only they stood |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensüelmesem edisüelmesem edif only I didn't stand | sensüelmeseŋ edisüelmeseŋ edif only you didn't stand | olsüelmese edisüelmesedif only he didn't stand | bizsüelmesek edisüelmesek edif only we didn't stand | sizsüelmesegiz edisüelmesegiz edif only you all didn't stand | alasüelmesele edisüelmeseledif only they didn't stand |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mensüelib tursamif I carry on standing | sensüelib tursaŋif you carry on standing | olsüelib tursaif he carries on standing | bizsüelib tursaqif we carry on standing | sizsüelib tursağızif you all carry on standing | alasüelib tursalaif they carry on standing |
| Durative conditional | mensüelib turmasamif I don't carry on standing | sensüelib turmasaŋif you don't carry on standing | olsüelib turmasaif he doesn't carry on standing | bizsüelib turmasaqif we don't carry on standing | sizsüelib turmasağızif you all don't carry on standing | alasüelib turmasalaif they don't carry on standing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mensüelib tura esemif I have kept standing | sensüelib tura eseŋif you have kept standing | olsüelib tura eseif he has kept standing | bizsüelib tura esekif we have kept standing | sizsüelib tura esegizif you all have kept standing | alasüelib tura eseleif they have kept standing |
| Durative conditional, present real | mensüelib turmay esemif I haven't kept standing | sensüelib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept standing | olsüelib turmay eseif he hasn't kept standing | bizsüelib turmay esekif we haven't kept standing | sizsüelib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept standing | alasüelib turmay eseleif they haven't kept standing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mensüele tursamif I keep standing | sensüele tursaŋif you keep standing | olsüele tursaif he keeps standing | bizsüele tursaqif we keep standing | sizsüele tursağızif you all keep standing | alasüele tursalaif they keep standing |
| Progressive conditional | mensüelmey tursamif I keep on not standing | sensüelmey tursaŋif you keep on not standing | olsüelmey tursaif he keeps on not standing | bizsüelmey tursaqif we keep on not standing | sizsüelmey tursağızif you all keep on not standing | alasüelmey tursalaif they keep on not standing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensüele tura esemif I am in the middle of standing | sensüele tura eseŋif you are in the middle of standing | olsüele tura eseif he is in the middle of standing | bizsüele tura esekif we are in the middle of standing | sizsüele tura esegizif you all are in the middle of standing | alasüele tura eseleif they are in the middle of standing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensüelmey tura esemif I keep on not standing | sensüelmey tura eseŋif you keep on not standing | olsüelmey tura eseif he keeps on not standing | bizsüelmey tura esekif we keep on not standing | sizsüelmey tura esegizif you all keep on not standing | alasüelmey tura eseleif they keep on not standing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensüeldim esemif I stood | sensüeldiŋ eseŋif you stood | olsüeldi eseif he stood | bizsüeldik esekif we stood | sizsüeldigiz esegizif you all stood | alasüeldile eseleif they stood |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensüelmedim esemif I didn't stand | sensüelmediŋ eseŋif you didn't stand | olsüelmedi eseif he didn't stand | bizsüelmedik esekif we didn't stand | sizsüelmedigiz esegizif you all didn't stand | alasüelmedile eseleif they didn't stand |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mensüelgen esemif I did stand (indeed) | sensüelgen eseŋif you did stand (indeed) | olsüelgen eseif he did stand (indeed) | bizsüelgen esekif we did stand (indeed) | sizsüelgen esegizif you all did stand (indeed) | alasüelgen eseleif they did stand (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mensüelmegen esemif I didn't stand (indeed) | sensüelmegen eseŋif you didn't stand (indeed) | olsüelmegen eseif he didn't stand (indeed) | bizsüelmegen esekif we didn't stand (indeed) | sizsüelmegen esegizif you all didn't stand (indeed) | alasüelmegen eseleif they didn't stand (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensüelgen bolsamif I had stood | sensüelgen bolsaŋif you had stood | olsüelgen bolsaif he had stood | bizsüelgen bolsaqif we had stood | sizsüelgen bolsağızif you all had stood | alasüelgen bolsalaif they had stood |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensüelmegen bolsamif I hadn't stood | sensüelmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't stood | olsüelmegen bolsaif he hadn't stood | bizsüelmegen bolsaqif we hadn't stood | sizsüelmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't stood | alasüelmegen bolsalaif they hadn't stood |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensüelgen bolsam edisüelgen bolsam edif only I had stood | sensüelgen bolsaŋ edisüelgen bolsaŋ edif only you had stood | olsüelgen bolsa edisüelgen bolsaedif only he had stood | bizsüelgen bolsaq edisüelgen bolsaq edif only we had stood | sizsüelgen bolsağız edisüelgen bolsağız edif only you all had stood | alasüelgen bolsala edisüelgen bolsalaedif only they had stood |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensüelmegen bolsam edisüelmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't stood | sensüelmegen bolsaŋ edisüelmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't stood | olsüelmegen bolsa edisüelmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't stood | bizsüelmegen bolsaq edisüelmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't stood | sizsüelmegen bolsağız edisüelmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't stood | alasüelmegen bolsala edisüelmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't stood |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mensüelir esemif I will stand | sensüelir eseŋif you will stand | olsüelir eseif he will stand | bizsüelir esekif we will stand | sizsüelir esegizif you all will stand | alasüelir eseleif they will stand |
| Conditional, aorist | mensüelmez esemif I won't stand | sensüelmez eseŋif you won't stand | olsüelmez eseif he won't stand | bizsüelmez esekif we won't stand | sizsüelmez esegizif you all won't stand | alasüelmez eseleif they won't stand |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mensüellik esemif I am going to stand | sensüellik eseŋif you are going to stand | olsüellik eseif he is going to stand | bizsüellik esekif we are going to stand | sizsüellik esegizif you all are going to stand | alasüellik eseleif they are going to stand |
| Conditional, future | mensüellik tül esemif I am not going to stand | sensüellik tül eseŋif you are not going to stand | olsüellik tül eseif he is not going to stand | bizsüellik tül esekif we are not going to stand | sizsüellik tül esegizif you all are not going to stand | alasüellik tül eseleif they are not going to stand |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensüellik bolsamif I were going to stand | sensüellik bolsaŋif you were going to stand | olsüellik bolsaif he were going to stand | bizsüellik bolsaqif we were going to stand | sizsüellik bolsağızif you all were going to stand | alasüellik bolsalaif they were going to stand |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensüelmezlik bolsamif I were not going to stand | sensüelmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to stand | olsüelmezlik bolsaif he were not going to stand | bizsüelmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to stand | sizsüelmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to stand | alasüelmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to stand |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso süeldiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensüele bolurmaI must be standing | sensüele bolursayou must be standing | olsüele bolurhe must be standing | bizsüele bolurbuzwe must be standing | sizsüele bolursuzyou all must be standing | alasüele bolurlathey must be standing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensüelmey bolurmaI must not be standing | sensüelmey bolursayou must not be standing | olsüelmey bolurhe must not be standing | bizsüelmey bolurbuzwe must not be standing | sizsüelmey bolursuzyou all must not be standing | alasüelmey bolurlathey must not be standing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensüele tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of standing | sensüele tura bolursayou must be in the middle of standing | olsüele tura bolurhe must be in the middle of standing | bizsüele tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of standing | sizsüele tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of standing | alasüele tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of standing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensüelmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not standing | sensüelmey tura bolursayou must keep on not standing | olsüelmey tura bolurhe must keep on not standing | bizsüelmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not standing | sizsüelmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not standing | alasüelmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not standing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mensüelgen bolurmaI must have stood | sensüelgen bolursayou must have stood | olsüelgen bolurhe must have stood | bizsüelgen bolurbuzwe must have stood | sizsüelgen bolursuzyou all must have stood | alasüelgen bolurlathey must have stood |
| Inference (must have) | mensüelmegen bolurmaI must not have stood | sensüelmegen bolursayou must not have stood | olsüelmegen bolurhe must not have stood | bizsüelmegen bolurbuzwe must not have stood | sizsüelmegen bolursuzyou all must not have stood | alasüelmegen bolurlathey must not have stood |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensüellik bolurmaI must be going to stand | sensüellik bolursayou must be going to stand | olsüellik bolurhe must be going to stand | bizsüellik bolurbuzwe must be going to stand | sizsüellik bolursuzyou all must be going to stand | alasüellik bolurlathey must be going to stand |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensüelmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to stand | sensüelmezlik bolursayou must not be going to stand | olsüelmezlik bolurhe must not be going to stand | bizsüelmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to stand | sizsüelmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to stand | alasüelmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to stand |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mensüeleyimlet me stand | sensüel!stand! | olsüelsinlet him stand | bizsüeleyiklet's stand | sizsüeligiz!stand, you all! | alasüelsinlelet them stand |
| Commands & suggestions | mensüelmeyimlet me not stand | sensüelme!don't stand! | olsüelmesinlet him not stand | bizsüelmeyiklet's not stand | sizsüelmegiz!don't stand, you all! | alasüelmesinlelet them not stand |
| Commands & suggestions | mensüeleyimmi?shall I stand? | olsüelsinmi?should he stand? | bizsüeleyikmi?shall we stand? | alasüelsinlemi?should they stand? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mensüelmeyimmi?shall I not stand? | olsüelmesinmi?should he not stand? | bizsüelmeyikmi?shall we not stand? | alasüelmesinlemi?should they not stand? | ||
| Requests | sensüelçi2süelçinplease stand | olsüelsinçido let him stand | sizsüelçigizplease stand (plural/polite) | alasüelsinleçido let them stand | ||
| Requests | sensüelmeçi2süelmeçinplease don't stand | olsüelmesinçido let him not stand | sizsüelmeçigizplease don't stand (plural/polite) | alasüelmesinleçido let them not stand | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensüelginsüelgimay you stand | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensüelmeginsüelmegimay you not stand | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensüelgey edim süelge edimwould that I stood | sensüelgey ediŋ süelge ediŋwould that you stood | olsüelgey edi süelge ediwould that he stood | bizsüelgey edik süelge edikwould that we stood | sizsüelgey edigiz süelge edigizwould that you all stood | alasüelgey edile süelge edilewould that they stood |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensüelmegey edim süelmege edimwould that I did not stand | sensüelmegey ediŋ süelmege ediŋwould that you did not stand | olsüelmegey edi süelmege ediwould that he did not stand | bizsüelmegey edik süelmege edikwould that we did not stand | sizsüelmegey edigiz süelmege edigizwould that you all did not stand | alasüelmegey edile süelmege edilewould that they did not stand |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensüelmege qoyayımsüelme qoyayımlet me allow someone to stand | sensüelmege qoy!süelme qoy!let someone stand! | olsüelmege qoysunsüelme qoysunlet him allow someone to stand | bizsüelmege qoyayıqsüelme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to stand | sizsüelmege qoyuğuz!süelme qoyuğuz!let someone stand, you all! | alasüelmege qoysunlasüelme qoysunlalet them allow someone to stand |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensüelmege qoymayımsüelme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to stand | sensüelmege qoyma!süelme qoyma!don't let someone stand! | olsüelmege qoymasınsüelme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to stand | bizsüelmege qoymayıqsüelme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to stand | sizsüelmege qoymağız!süelme qoymağız!don't let someone stand, you all! | alasüelmege qoymasınlasüelme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to stand |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensüelmege qoyayımmı?süelme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to stand? | olsüelmege qoysunmu?süelme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to stand? | bizsüelmege qoyayıqmı?süelme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to stand? | alasüelmege qoysunlamı?süelme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to stand? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensüelmege qoymayımmı?süelme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to stand? | olsüelmege qoymasınmı?süelme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to stand? | bizsüelmege qoymayıqmı?süelme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to stand? | alasüelmege qoymasınlamı?süelme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to stand? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mensüelmege qoyamasüelme qoyamaI allow someone to stand | sensüelmege qoyasasüelme qoyasayou allow someone to stand | olsüelmege qoyadısüelme qoyadıhe allows someone to stand | bizsüelmege qoyabızsüelme qoyabızwe allow someone to stand | sizsüelmege qoyasızsüelme qoyasızyou all allow someone to stand | alasüelmege qoyadılasüelme qoyadılathey allow someone to stand |
| Let someone… (present) | mensüelmege qoymaymasüelme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to stand | sensüelmege qoymaysasüelme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to stand | olsüelmege qoymaydısüelme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to stand | bizsüelmege qoymaybızsüelme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to stand | sizsüelmege qoymaysızsüelme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to stand | alasüelmege qoymaydılasüelme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to stand |
| Let someone… (present) | mensüelmege qoyamamı?süelme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to stand? | sensüelmege qoyamısa?süelme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to stand? | olsüelmege qoyamıdı?süelme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to stand? | bizsüelmege qoyabızmı?süelme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to stand? | sizsüelmege qoyamısız?süelme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to stand? | alasüelmege qoyamıdıla?süelme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to stand? |
| Let someone… (present) | mensüelmege qoymaymamı?süelme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to stand? | sensüelmege qoymaymısa?süelme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to stand? | olsüelmege qoymaymıdı?süelme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to stand? | bizsüelmege qoymaybızmı?süelme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to stand? | sizsüelmege qoymaymısız?süelme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to stand? | alasüelmege qoymaymıdıla?süelme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to stand? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensüelmege qoydumsüelme qoydumI allowed someone to stand | sensüelmege qoyduŋsüelme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to stand | olsüelmege qoydusüelme qoyduhe allowed someone to stand | bizsüelmege qoyduqsüelme qoyduqwe allowed someone to stand | sizsüelmege qoyduğuzsüelme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to stand | alasüelmege qoydulasüelme qoydulathey allowed someone to stand |
| Let someone… (past) | mensüelmege qoymadımsüelme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to stand | sensüelmege qoymadıŋsüelme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to stand | olsüelmege qoymadısüelme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to stand | bizsüelmege qoymadıqsüelme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to stand | sizsüelmege qoymadığızsüelme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to stand | alasüelmege qoymadılasüelme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to stand |
| Let someone… (past) | mensüelmege qoydummu?süelme qoydummu?did I allow someone to stand? | sensüelmege qoyduŋmu?süelme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to stand? | olsüelmege qoydumu?süelme qoydumu?did he allow someone to stand? | bizsüelmege qoyduqmu?süelme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to stand? | sizsüelmege qoyduğuzmu?süelme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to stand? | alasüelmege qoydulamı?süelme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to stand? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensüelmege qoymadımmı?süelme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to stand? | sensüelmege qoymadıŋmı?süelme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to stand? | olsüelmege qoymadımı?süelme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to stand? | bizsüelmege qoymadıqmı?süelme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to stand? | sizsüelmege qoymadığızmı?süelme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to stand? | alasüelmege qoymadılamı?süelme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to stand? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
süelalırğa be able to stand · süelalmazğa be unable to stand
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mensüelalamaI can stand | sensüelalasayou can stand | olsüelaladıhe can stand | bizsüelalabızwe can stand | sizsüelalasızyou all can stand | alasüelaladılathey can stand |
| Ability — present | mensüelalmaymaI can't stand | sensüelalmaysayou can't stand | olsüelalmaydıhe can't stand | bizsüelalmaybızwe can't stand | sizsüelalmaysızyou all can't stand | alasüelalmaydılathey can't stand |
| Ability — present | mensüelalamamı? süelalamıma?can I stand? | sensüelalamısa?can you stand? | olsüelalamıdı?can he stand? | bizsüelalabızmı? süelalamıbız?can we stand? | sizsüelalamısız?can you all stand? | alasüelalamıdıla?can they stand? |
| Ability — present | mensüelalmaymamı? süelalmaymıma?can't I stand? | sensüelalmaymısa?can't you stand? | olsüelalmaymıdı?can't he stand? | bizsüelalmaybızmı? süelalmaymıbız?can't we stand? | sizsüelalmaymısız?can't you all stand? | alasüelalmaymıdıla?can't they stand? |
| Ability — if I can… | mensüelalsamif I can stand | sensüelalsaŋif you can stand | olsüelalsaif he can stand | bizsüelalsaqif we can stand | sizsüelalsağızif you all can stand | alasüelalsalaif they can stand |
| Ability — if I can… | mensüelalmasamif I can't stand | sensüelalmasaŋif you can't stand | olsüelalmasaif he can't stand | bizsüelalmasaqif we can't stand | sizsüelalmasağızif you all can't stand | alasüelalmasalaif they can't stand |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mensüelaldımI was able to stand | sensüelaldıŋyou were able to stand | olsüelaldıhe was able to stand | bizsüelaldıqwe were able to stand | sizsüelaldığızyou all were able to stand | alasüelaldılathey were able to stand |
| Ability — simple past | mensüelalmadımI could not stand | sensüelalmadıŋyou could not stand | olsüelalmadıhe could not stand | bizsüelalmadıqwe could not stand | sizsüelalmadığızyou all could not stand | alasüelalmadılathey could not stand |
| Ability — simple past | mensüelaldımmı?was I able to stand? | sensüelaldıŋmı?were you able to stand? | olsüelaldımı?was he able to stand? | bizsüelaldıqmı?were we able to stand? | sizsüelaldığızmı?were you all able to stand? | alasüelaldılamı?were they able to stand? |
| Ability — simple past | mensüelalmadımmı?couldn't I stand? | sensüelalmadıŋmı?couldn't you stand? | olsüelalmadımı?couldn't he stand? | bizsüelalmadıqmı?couldn't we stand? | sizsüelalmadığızmı?couldn't you all stand? | alasüelalmadılamı?couldn't they stand? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensüelalğanmaI have been able to stand | sensüelalğansayou have been able to stand | olsüelalğandıhe has been able to stand | bizsüelalğanbızwe have been able to stand | sizsüelalğansızyou all have been able to stand | alasüelalğandılathey have been able to stand |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensüelalmağanmaI haven't been able to stand | sensüelalmağansayou haven't been able to stand | olsüelalmağandıhe hasn't been able to stand | bizsüelalmağanbızwe haven't been able to stand | sizsüelalmağansızyou all haven't been able to stand | alasüelalmağandılathey haven't been able to stand |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensüelalğanmamı? süelalğanmıma?have I been able to stand? | sensüelalğanmısa?have you been able to stand? | olsüelalğanmıdı?has he been able to stand? | bizsüelalğanbızmı? süelalğanmıbız?have we been able to stand? | sizsüelalğanmısız?have you all been able to stand? | alasüelalğanmıdıla?have they been able to stand? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensüelalmağanmamı? süelalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to stand? | sensüelalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to stand? | olsüelalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to stand? | bizsüelalmağanbızmı? süelalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to stand? | sizsüelalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to stand? | alasüelalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to stand? |
| Ability — past perfect | mensüelalğan edimsüelalğanemI had been able to stand | sensüelalğan ediŋsüelalğaneŋyou had been able to stand | olsüelalğan edisüelalğanedhe had been able to stand | bizsüelalğan ediksüelalğanekwe had been able to stand | sizsüelalğan edigizsüelalğanegizyou all had been able to stand | alasüelalğan edilesüelalğanellethey had been able to stand |
| Ability — past perfect | mensüelalmağan edimsüelalmağanemI hadn't been able to stand | sensüelalmağan ediŋsüelalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to stand | olsüelalmağan edisüelalmağanedhe hadn't been able to stand | bizsüelalmağan ediksüelalmağanekwe hadn't been able to stand | sizsüelalmağan edigizsüelalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to stand | alasüelalmağan edilesüelalmağanellethey hadn't been able to stand |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mensüelala edimsüelalaemI could stand | sensüelala ediŋsüelalaeŋyou could stand | olsüelala edisüelalaedhe could stand | bizsüelala ediksüelalaekwe could stand | sizsüelala edigizsüelalaegizyou all could stand | alasüelala edilesüelalaellethey could stand |
| Ability — past background | mensüelalmay edimsüelalmayemI could not stand | sensüelalmay ediŋsüelalmayeŋyou could not stand | olsüelalmay edisüelalmayedhe could not stand | bizsüelalmay ediksüelalmayekwe could not stand | sizsüelalmay edigizsüelalmayegizyou all could not stand | alasüelalmay edilesüelalmayellethey could not stand |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mensüelalırmaI will be able to stand | sensüelalırsayou will be able to stand | olsüelalırhe will be able to stand | bizsüelalırbızwe will be able to stand | sizsüelalırsızyou all will be able to stand | alasüelalırlathey will be able to stand |
| Ability — future I | mensüelalmazmaI won't be able to stand | sensüelalmazsayou won't be able to stand | olsüelalmazhe won't be able to stand | bizsüelalmazbızwe won't be able to stand | sizsüelalmazsızyou all won't be able to stand | alasüelalmazlathey won't be able to stand |
| Ability — future I | mensüelalırmamı? süelalırmıma?will I be able to stand? | sensüelalırmısa?will you be able to stand? | olsüelalırmı?will he be able to stand? | bizsüelalırbızmı? süelalırmıbız?will we be able to stand? | sizsüelalırmısız?will you all be able to stand? | alasüelalırlamı? süelalırmıla?will they be able to stand? |
| Ability — future I | mensüelalmazmamı? süelalmazmıma?won't I be able to stand? | sensüelalmazmısa?won't you be able to stand? | olsüelalmazmı?won't he be able to stand? | bizsüelalmazbızmı? süelalmazmıbız?won't we be able to stand? | sizsüelalmazmısız?won't you all be able to stand? | alasüelalmazlamı? süelalmazmıla?won't they be able to stand? |
| Ability — future II | mensüelallıqmaI am going to be able to stand | sensüelallıqsayou are going to be able to stand | olsüelallıqdıhe is going to be able to stand | bizsüelallıqbızwe are going to be able to stand | sizsüelallıqsızyou all are going to be able to stand | alasüelallıqdılathey are going to be able to stand |
| Ability — future II | mensüelallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to stand | sensüelallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to stand | olsüelallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to stand | bizsüelallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to stand | sizsüelallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to stand | alasüelallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to stand |
| Ability — future II | mensüelallıqmamı? süelallıqmıma?am I going to be able to stand? | sensüelallıqmısa?are you going to be able to stand? | olsüelallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to stand? | bizsüelallıqbızmı? süelallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to stand? | sizsüelallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to stand? | alasüelallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to stand? |
| Ability — future II | mensüelallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to stand? | sensüelallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to stand? | olsüelallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to stand? | bizsüelallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to stand? | sizsüelallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to stand? | alasüelallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to stand? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensüelalır edimsüelalır emI would be able to stand | sensüelalır ediŋsüelalır eŋyou would be able to stand | olsüelalır edisüelalır edhe would be able to stand | bizsüelalır ediksüelalır ekwe would be able to stand | sizsüelalır edigizsüelalır egizyou all would be able to stand | alasüelalır edilesüelalır ellethey would be able to stand |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensüelalmaz edimsüelalmaz emI wouldn't be able to stand | sensüelalmaz ediŋsüelalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to stand | olsüelalmaz edisüelalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to stand | bizsüelalmaz ediksüelalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to stand | sizsüelalmaz edigizsüelalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to stand | alasüelalmaz edilesüelalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to stand |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensüelalğınsüelalğımay you be able to stand | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensüelalmağınsüelalmağımay you not be able to stand | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mensüelirge izleymeI want to stand | sensüelirge izleyseyou want to stand | olsüelirge izleydihe wants to stand | bizsüelirge izleybizwe want to stand | sizsüelirge izleysizyou all want to stand | alasüelirge izleydilethey want to stand |
| want to | mensüelirge izlemeymeI do not want to stand | sensüelirge izlemeyseyou do not want to stand | olsüelirge izlemeydihe does not want to stand | bizsüelirge izlemeybizwe do not want to stand | sizsüelirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to stand | alasüelirge izlemeydilethey do not want to stand |
| would like to | mensüelirge süemeI would like to stand | sensüelirge süeseyou would like to stand | olsüelirge süedihe would like to stand | bizsüelirge süebizwe would like to stand | sizsüelirge süesizyou all would like to stand | alasüelirge süedilethey would like to stand |
| would like to | mensüelirge süymeymeI would not like to stand | sensüelirge süymeyseyou would not like to stand | olsüelirge süymeydihe would not like to stand | bizsüelirge süymeybizwe would not like to stand | sizsüelirge süymeysizyou all would not like to stand | alasüelirge süymeydilethey would not like to stand |
| hope to | mensüelirge umutlanamaI hope to stand | sensüelirge umutlanasayou hope to stand | olsüelirge umutlanadıhe hopes to stand | bizsüelirge umutlanabızwe hope to stand | sizsüelirge umutlanasızyou all hope to stand | alasüelirge umutlanadılathey hope to stand |
| hope to | mensüelirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to stand | sensüelirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to stand | olsüelirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to stand | bizsüelirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to stand | sizsüelirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to stand | alasüelirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to stand |
| be about to | mensüelirge deb turamaI am about to stand | sensüelirge deb turasayou are about to stand | olsüelirge deb turadıhe is about to stand | bizsüelirge deb turabızwe are about to stand | sizsüelirge deb turasızyou all are about to stand | alasüelirge deb turadılathey are about to stand |
| be about to | mensüelirge deb turmaymaI am not about to stand | sensüelirge deb turmaysayou are not about to stand | olsüelirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to stand | bizsüelirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to stand | sizsüelirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to stand | alasüelirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to stand |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mensüelirge kerekmeI need to stand | sensüelirge kerekseyou need to stand | olsüelirge kerekdihe needs to stand | bizsüelirge kerekbizwe need to stand | sizsüelirge kereksizyou all need to stand | alasüelirge kerekdilethey need to stand |
| need to | mensüelirge kerek tülmeI do not need to stand | sensüelirge kerek tülseyou do not need to stand | olsüelirge kerek tüldühe does not need to stand | bizsüelirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to stand | sizsüelirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to stand | alasüelirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to stand |
| have to | menmenŋe süelirge tüşediI have to stand | sensenŋe süelirge tüşediyou have to stand | olaŋa süelirge tüşedihe has to stand | bizbizge süelirge tüşediwe have to stand | sizsizge süelirge tüşediyou all have to stand | alaalağa süelirge tüşedithey have to stand |
| have to | menmenŋe süelirge tüşmeydiI do not have to stand | sensenŋe süelirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to stand | olaŋa süelirge tüşmeydihe does not have to stand | bizbizge süelirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to stand | sizsizge süelirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to stand | alaalağa süelirge tüşmeydithey do not have to stand |
| be obliged to | mensüelirge borçlumaI am obliged to stand | sensüelirge borçlusayou are obliged to stand | olsüelirge borçluduhe is obliged to stand | bizsüelirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to stand | sizsüelirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to stand | alasüelirge borçludulathey are obliged to stand |
| be obliged to | mensüelirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to stand | sensüelirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to stand | olsüelirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to stand | bizsüelirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to stand | sizsüelirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to stand | alasüelirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to stand |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mensüelirge madarım bardıI have a way to stand | sensüelirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to stand | olsüelirge madarı bardıhe has a way to stand | bizsüelirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to stand | sizsüelirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to stand | alasüelirge madarları bardıthey have a way to stand |
| have a way to | mensüelirge madarım joqduI have no way to stand | sensüelirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to stand | olsüelirge madarı joqduhe has no way to stand | bizsüelirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to stand | sizsüelirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to stand | alasüelirge madarları joqduthey have no way to stand |
| be free to | mensüelirge erkinligim bardıI am free to stand | sensüelirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to stand | olsüelirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to stand | bizsüelirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to stand | sizsüelirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to stand | alasüelirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to stand |
| be free to | mensüelirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to stand | sensüelirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to stand | olsüelirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to stand | bizsüelirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to stand | sizsüelirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to stand | alasüelirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to stand |
| be possible to | menmenŋe süelirge bolluqduit is possible for me to stand | sensenŋe süelirge bolluqduit is possible for you to stand | olaŋa süelirge bolluqduit is possible for him to stand | bizbizge süelirge bolluqduit is possible for us to stand | sizsizge süelirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to stand | alaalağa süelirge bolluqduit is possible for them to stand |
| be possible to | menmenŋe süelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to stand | sensenŋe süelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to stand | olaŋa süelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to stand | bizbizge süelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to stand | sizsizge süelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to stand | alaalağa süelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to stand |
| be ready to | mensüelirge hazırmaI am ready to stand | sensüelirge hazırsayou are ready to stand | olsüelirge hazırdıhe is ready to stand | bizsüelirge hazırbızwe are ready to stand | sizsüelirge hazırsızyou all are ready to stand | alasüelirge hazırdılathey are ready to stand |
| be ready to | mensüelirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to stand | sensüelirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to stand | olsüelirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to stand | bizsüelirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to stand | sizsüelirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to stand | alasüelirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to stand |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mensüelirge küreşemeI am trying to stand | sensüelirge küreşeseyou are trying to stand | olsüelirge küreşedihe is trying to stand | bizsüelirge küreşebizwe are trying to stand | sizsüelirge küreşesizyou all are trying to stand | alasüelirge küreşedilethey are trying to stand |
| try to | mensüelirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to stand | sensüelirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to stand | olsüelirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to stand | bizsüelirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to stand | sizsüelirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to stand | alasüelirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to stand |
| agree to | mensüelirge unaymaI agree to stand | sensüelirge unaysayou agree to stand | olsüelirge unaydıhe agrees to stand | bizsüelirge unaybızwe agree to stand | sizsüelirge unaysızyou all agree to stand | alasüelirge unaydılathey agree to stand |
| agree to | mensüelirge unamaymaI refuse to stand | sensüelirge unamaysayou refuse to stand | olsüelirge unamaydıhe refuses to stand | bizsüelirge unamaybızwe refuse to stand | sizsüelirge unamaysızyou all refuse to stand | alasüelirge unamaydılathey refuse to stand |
| hurry to | mensüelirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to stand | sensüelirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to stand | olsüelirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to stand | bizsüelirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to stand | sizsüelirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to stand | alasüelirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to stand |
| hurry to | mensüelirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to stand | sensüelirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to stand | olsüelirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to stand | bizsüelirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to stand | sizsüelirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to stand | alasüelirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to stand |
| be afraid to | mensüelirge qorqamaI am afraid to stand | sensüelirge qorqasayou are afraid to stand | olsüelirge qorqadıhe is afraid to stand | bizsüelirge qorqabızwe are afraid to stand | sizsüelirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to stand | alasüelirge qorqadılathey are afraid to stand |
| be afraid to | mensüelirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to stand | sensüelirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to stand | olsüelirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to stand | bizsüelirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to stand | sizsüelirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to stand | alasüelirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to stand |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mensüele bolmazmaI can't be standing | sensüele bolmazsayou can't be standing | olsüele bolmazhe can't be standing | bizsüele bolmazbızwe can't be standing | sizsüele bolmazsızyou all can't be standing | alasüele bolmazlathey can't be standing |
| Inference, present — double negation | mensüelmey bolmazmaI must be standing (emphatic) | sensüelmey bolmazsayou must be standing (emphatic) | olsüelmey bolmazhe must be standing (emphatic) | bizsüelmey bolmazbızwe must be standing (emphatic) | sizsüelmey bolmazsızyou all must be standing (emphatic) | alasüelmey bolmazlathey must be standing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mensüele turmasamif I don't keep standing | sensüele turmasaŋif you don't keep standing | olsüele turmasaif he doesn't keep standing | bizsüele turmasaqif we don't keep standing | sizsüele turmasağızif you all don't keep standing | alasüele turmasalaif they don't keep standing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mensüele tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of standing | sensüele tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of standing | olsüele tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of standing | bizsüele tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of standing | sizsüele tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of standing | alasüele tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of standing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mensüelmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not standing (emphatic) | sensüelmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not standing (emphatic) | olsüelmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not standing (emphatic) | bizsüelmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not standing (emphatic) | sizsüelmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not standing (emphatic) | alasüelmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not standing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mensüelmey turamaI keep on not standing | sensüelmey turasayou keep on not standing | olsüelmey turadıhe keeps on not standing | bizsüelmey turabızwe keep on not standing | sizsüelmey turasızyou all keep on not standing | alasüelmey turadılathey keep on not standing |
| Progressive — double negation | mensüelmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not standing | sensüelmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not standing | olsüelmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not standing | bizsüelmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not standing | sizsüelmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not standing | alasüelmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not standing |
| Progressive — double negation | mensüelmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not standing? | sensüelmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not standing? | olsüelmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not standing? | bizsüelmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not standing? | sizsüelmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not standing? | alasüelmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not standing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mensüelgen bolmazmaI can't have stood | sensüelgen bolmazsayou can't have stood | olsüelgen bolmazhe can't have stood | bizsüelgen bolmazbızwe can't have stood | sizsüelgen bolmazsızyou all can't have stood | alasüelgen bolmazlathey can't have stood |
| Inference — double negation | mensüelmegen bolmazmaI must have stood (emphatic) | sensüelmegen bolmazsayou must have stood (emphatic) | olsüelmegen bolmazhe must have stood (emphatic) | bizsüelmegen bolmazbızwe must have stood (emphatic) | sizsüelmegen bolmazsızyou all must have stood (emphatic) | alasüelmegen bolmazlathey must have stood (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mensüelgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had stood | sensüelgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had stood | olsüelgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had stood | bizsüelgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had stood | sizsüelgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had stood | alasüelgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had stood |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mensüelmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't stood | sensüelmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't stood | olsüelmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't stood | bizsüelmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't stood | sizsüelmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't stood | alasüelmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't stood |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mensüellik bolmazmaI can't be going to stand | sensüellik bolmazsayou can't be going to stand | olsüellik bolmazhe can't be going to stand | bizsüellik bolmazbızwe can't be going to stand | sizsüellik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to stand | alasüellik bolmazlathey can't be going to stand |
| Inference, future — double negation | mensüelmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to stand (emphatic) | sensüelmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to stand (emphatic) | olsüelmezlik bolmazhe must be going to stand (emphatic) | bizsüelmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to stand (emphatic) | sizsüelmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to stand (emphatic) | alasüelmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to stand (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mensüellik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to stand | sensüellik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to stand | olsüellik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to stand | bizsüellik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to stand | sizsüellik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to stand | alasüellik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to stand |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mensüelmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to stand | sensüelmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to stand | olsüelmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to stand | bizsüelmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to stand | sizsüelmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to stand | alasüelmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to stand |