sürkelerge
/syrkelerɡe/
drag, haul, pull along
- anı sürkeleb keltirdile — they dragged him here
- qabnı üyge sürkeledim — I dragged the sack to the house
- awur zatnı sürkelerge — to drag a heavy thing
- jüknü sürkelerge — to drag the load
- ızından sürkelerge — to haul it along behind one
Conjugation
Common forms
- sürkeleydihe is dragging
- sürkeledihe dragged
- sürkelegendihe has dragged
- sürkelerhe will drag
- sürkelerikdihe is going to drag
- sürkeley edihe was dragging
- sürkeleseif he drags
- sürkele!drag!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensürkeleymeI am dragging | sensürkeleyseyou are dragging | olsürkeleydihe is dragging | bizsürkeleybizwe are dragging | sizsürkeleysizyou all are dragging | alasürkeleydilethey are dragging |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensürkelemeymeI am not dragging | sensürkelemeyseyou are not dragging | olsürkelemeydihe is not dragging | bizsürkelemeybizwe are not dragging | sizsürkelemeysizyou all are not dragging | alasürkelemeydilethey are not dragging |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensürkeleymemi? sürkeleymime?am I dragging? | sensürkeleymise?are you dragging? | olsürkeleymidi?is he dragging? | bizsürkeleybizmi? sürkeleymibiz?are we dragging? | sizsürkeleymisiz?are you all dragging? | alasürkeleymidile?are they dragging? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensürkelemeymemi? sürkelemeymime?aren't I dragging? | sensürkelemeymise?aren't you dragging? | olsürkelemeymidi?isn't he dragging? | bizsürkelemeybizmi? sürkelemeymibiz?aren't we dragging? | sizsürkelemeymisiz?aren't you all dragging? | alasürkelemeymidile?aren't they dragging? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensürkelewçenmeI usually drag | sensürkelewçenseyou usually drag | olsürkelewçendihe usually drags | bizsürkelewçenbizwe usually drag | sizsürkelewçensizyou all usually drag | alasürkelewçendilethey usually drag |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensürkelemewçenmeI usually don't drag | sensürkelemewçenseyou usually don't drag | olsürkelemewçendihe usually doesn't drag | bizsürkelemewçenbizwe usually don't drag | sizsürkelemewçensizyou all usually don't drag | alasürkelemewçendilethey usually don't drag |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensürkelewçenmemi? sürkelewçenmime?do I usually drag? | sensürkelewçenmise?do you usually drag? | olsürkelewçenmidi?does he usually drag? | bizsürkelewçenbizmi? sürkelewçenmibiz?do we usually drag? | sizsürkelewçenmisiz?do you all usually drag? | alasürkelewçenmidile?do they usually drag? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensürkelemewçenmemi? sürkelemewçenmime?do I usually not drag? | sensürkelemewçenmise?do you usually not drag? | olsürkelemewçenmidi?does he usually not drag? | bizsürkelemewçenbizmi? sürkelemewçenmibiz?do we usually not drag? | sizsürkelemewçenmisiz?do you all usually not drag? | alasürkelemewçenmidile?do they usually not drag? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsürkelebdihe has dragged and remains so | alasürkelebdilethey have dragged and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsürkelebmidi?has he dragged? | alasürkelebmidile?have they dragged? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensürkeleb turamaI keep dragging | sensürkeleb turasayou keep dragging | olsürkeleb turadıhe keeps dragging | bizsürkeleb turabızwe keep dragging | sizsürkeleb turasızyou all keep dragging | alasürkeleb turadılathey keep dragging |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensürkeleb turmaymaI don't keep dragging | sensürkeleb turmaysayou don't keep dragging | olsürkeleb turmaydıhe doesn't keep dragging | bizsürkeleb turmaybızwe don't keep dragging | sizsürkeleb turmaysızyou all don't keep dragging | alasürkeleb turmaydılathey don't keep dragging |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensürkeleb turamamı? sürkeleb turamıma?do I keep dragging? | sensürkeleb turamısa?do you keep dragging? | olsürkeleb turamıdı?does he keep dragging? | bizsürkeleb turabızmı? sürkeleb turamıbız?do we keep dragging? | sizsürkeleb turamısız?do you all keep dragging? | alasürkeleb turamıdıla?do they keep dragging? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensürkeleb turmaymamı? sürkeleb turmaymıma?don't I keep dragging? | sensürkeleb turmaymısa?don't you keep dragging? | olsürkeleb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep dragging? | bizsürkeleb turmaybızmı? sürkeleb turmaymıbız?don't we keep dragging? | sizsürkeleb turmaymısız?don't you all keep dragging? | alasürkeleb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep dragging? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensürkeley turamaI am in the middle of dragging | sensürkeley turasayou are in the middle of dragging | olsürkeley turadıhe is in the middle of dragging | bizsürkeley turabızwe are in the middle of dragging | sizsürkeley turasızyou all are in the middle of dragging | alasürkeley turadılathey are in the middle of dragging |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensürkeley turmaymaI am not in the middle of dragging | sensürkeley turmaysayou are not in the middle of dragging | olsürkeley turmaydıhe is not in the middle of dragging | bizsürkeley turmaybızwe are not in the middle of dragging | sizsürkeley turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of dragging | alasürkeley turmaydılathey are not in the middle of dragging |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensürkeley turamamı? sürkeley turamıma?am I in the middle of dragging? | sensürkeley turamısa?are you in the middle of dragging? | olsürkeley turamıdı?is he in the middle of dragging? | bizsürkeley turabızmı? sürkeley turamıbız?are we in the middle of dragging? | sizsürkeley turamısız?are you all in the middle of dragging? | alasürkeley turamıdıla?are they in the middle of dragging? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensürkeley turmaymamı? sürkeley turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of dragging? | sensürkeley turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of dragging? | olsürkeley turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of dragging? | bizsürkeley turmaybızmı? sürkeley turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of dragging? | sizsürkeley turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of dragging? | alasürkeley turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of dragging? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensürkeledimI dragged | sensürkelediŋyou dragged | olsürkeledihe dragged | bizsürkeledikwe dragged | sizsürkeledigizyou all dragged | alasürkeledilethey dragged |
| Simple past (definite) | mensürkelemedimI didn't drag | sensürkelemediŋyou didn't drag | olsürkelemedihe didn't drag | bizsürkelemedikwe didn't drag | sizsürkelemedigizyou all didn't drag | alasürkelemedilethey didn't drag |
| Simple past (definite) | mensürkeledimmi?did I drag? | sensürkelediŋmi?did you drag? | olsürkeledimi?did he drag? | bizsürkeledikmi?did we drag? | sizsürkeledigizmi?did you all drag? | alasürkeledilemi?did they drag? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensürkelemedimmi?didn't I drag? | sensürkelemediŋmi?didn't you drag? | olsürkelemedimi?didn't he drag? | bizsürkelemedikmi?didn't we drag? | sizsürkelemedigizmi?didn't you all drag? | alasürkelemedilemi?didn't they drag? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensürkelegenmeI have dragged | sensürkelegenseyou have dragged | olsürkelegendihe has dragged | bizsürkelegenbizwe have dragged | sizsürkelegensizyou all have dragged | alasürkelegendilethey have dragged |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensürkelemegenmeI haven't dragged | sensürkelemegenseyou haven't dragged | olsürkelemegendihe hasn't dragged | bizsürkelemegenbizwe haven't dragged | sizsürkelemegensizyou all haven't dragged | alasürkelemegendilethey haven't dragged |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensürkelegenmemi? sürkelegenmime?have I dragged? | sensürkelegenmise?have you dragged? | olsürkelegenmidi?has he dragged? | bizsürkelegenbizmi? sürkelegenmibiz?have we dragged? | sizsürkelegenmisiz?have you all dragged? | alasürkelegenmidile?have they dragged? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensürkelemegenmemi? sürkelemegenmime?haven't I dragged? | sensürkelemegenmise?haven't you dragged? | olsürkelemegenmidi?hasn't he dragged? | bizsürkelemegenbizmi? sürkelemegenmibiz?haven't we dragged? | sizsürkelemegenmisiz?haven't you all dragged? | alasürkelemegenmidile?haven't they dragged? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensürkeleb turdumI kept dragging | sensürkeleb turduŋyou kept dragging | olsürkeleb turduhe kept dragging | bizsürkeleb turduqwe kept dragging | sizsürkeleb turduğuzyou all kept dragging | alasürkeleb turdulathey kept dragging |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensürkeleb turmadımI didn't keep dragging | sensürkeleb turmadıŋyou didn't keep dragging | olsürkeleb turmadıhe didn't keep dragging | bizsürkeleb turmadıqwe didn't keep dragging | sizsürkeleb turmadığızyou all didn't keep dragging | alasürkeleb turmadılathey didn't keep dragging |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensürkelermeI will drag | sensürkelerseyou will drag | olsürkelerhe will drag | bizsürkelerbizwe will drag | sizsürkelersizyou all will drag | alasürkelerlethey will drag |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensürkelemezmeI won't drag | sensürkelemezseyou won't drag | olsürkelemezhe won't drag | bizsürkelemezbizwe won't drag | sizsürkelemezsizyou all won't drag | alasürkelemezlethey won't drag |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensürkelermemi? sürkelermime?will I drag? | sensürkelermise?will you drag? | olsürkelermi?will he drag? | bizsürkelerbizmi? sürkelermibiz?will we drag? | sizsürkelermisiz?will you all drag? | alasürkelerlemi? sürkelermile?will they drag? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensürkelemezmemi? sürkelemezmime?won't I drag? | sensürkelemezmise?won't you drag? | olsürkelemezmi?won't he drag? | bizsürkelemezbizmi? sürkelemezmibiz?won't we drag? | sizsürkelemezmisiz?won't you all drag? | alasürkelemezlemi? sürkelemezmile?won't they drag? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensürkelerikmeI am going to drag | sensürkelerikseyou are going to drag | olsürkelerikdihe is going to drag | bizsürkelerikbizwe are going to drag | sizsürkeleriksizyou all are going to drag | alasürkelerikdilethey are going to drag |
| Definite future (future II) | mensürkelerik tülmeI am not going to drag | sensürkelerik tülseyou are not going to drag | olsürkelerik tüldühe is not going to drag | bizsürkelerik tülbüzwe are not going to drag | sizsürkelerik tülsüzyou all are not going to drag | alasürkelerik tüldülethey are not going to drag |
| Definite future (future II) | mensürkelerikmemi? sürkelerikmime?am I going to drag? | sensürkelerikmise?are you going to drag? | olsürkelerikmidi?is he going to drag? | bizsürkelerikbizmi? sürkelerikmibiz?are we going to drag? | sizsürkelerikmisiz?are you all going to drag? | alasürkelerikmidile?are they going to drag? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensürkelerik tülmüme?aren't I going to drag? | sensürkelerik tülmüse?aren't you going to drag? | olsürkelerik tülmüdü?isn't he going to drag? | bizsürkelerik tülmübüz?aren't we going to drag? | sizsürkelerik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to drag? | alasürkelerik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to drag? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensürkelegen edimsürkelegenemI had dragged | sensürkelegen ediŋsürkelegeneŋyou had dragged | olsürkelegen edisürkelegenedhe had dragged | bizsürkelegen ediksürkelegenekwe had dragged | sizsürkelegen edigizsürkelegenegizyou all had dragged | alasürkelegen edilesürkelegenellethey had dragged |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensürkelemegen edimsürkelemegenemI hadn't dragged | sensürkelemegen ediŋsürkelemegeneŋyou hadn't dragged | olsürkelemegen edisürkelemegenedhe hadn't dragged | bizsürkelemegen ediksürkelemegenekwe hadn't dragged | sizsürkelemegen edigizsürkelemegenegizyou all hadn't dragged | alasürkelemegen edilesürkelemegenellethey hadn't dragged |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensürkeley edimsürkeleyemI was dragging | sensürkeley ediŋsürkeleyeŋyou were dragging | olsürkeley edisürkeleyedhe was dragging | bizsürkeley ediksürkeleyekwe were dragging | sizsürkeley edigizsürkeleyegizyou all were dragging | alasürkeley edilesürkeleyellethey were dragging |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensürkelemey edimsürkelemeyemI wasn't dragging | sensürkelemey ediŋsürkelemeyeŋyou weren't dragging | olsürkelemey edisürkelemeyedhe wasn't dragging | bizsürkelemey ediksürkelemeyekwe weren't dragging | sizsürkelemey edigizsürkelemeyegizyou all weren't dragging | alasürkelemey edilesürkelemeyellethey weren't dragging |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mensürkelewçen edimsürkelewçenemI used to drag | sensürkelewçen ediŋsürkelewçeneŋyou used to drag | olsürkelewçen edisürkelewçenedhe used to drag | bizsürkelewçen ediksürkelewçenekwe used to drag | sizsürkelewçen edigizsürkelewçenegizyou all used to drag | alasürkelewçen edilesürkelewçenellethey used to drag |
| Habitual past (used to) | mensürkelemewçen edimsürkelemewçenemI didn't use to drag | sensürkelemewçen ediŋsürkelemewçeneŋyou didn't use to drag | olsürkelemewçen edisürkelemewçenedhe didn't use to drag | bizsürkelemewçen ediksürkelemewçenekwe didn't use to drag | sizsürkelemewçen edigizsürkelemewçenegizyou all didn't use to drag | alasürkelemewçen edilesürkelemewçenellethey didn't use to drag |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsürkeleb edihe had dragged and remained so | alasürkeleb edilethey had dragged and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsürkeleb tül edihe hadn't dragged | alasürkeleb tül edilethey hadn't dragged | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensürkeleb tura edimsürkeleb turaemI had kept dragging | sensürkeleb tura ediŋsürkeleb turaeŋyou had kept dragging | olsürkeleb tura edisürkeleb turaedhe had kept dragging | bizsürkeleb tura ediksürkeleb turaekwe had kept dragging | sizsürkeleb tura edigizsürkeleb turaegizyou all had kept dragging | alasürkeleb tura edilesürkeleb turaellethey had kept dragging |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensürkeleb turmay edimsürkeleb turmayemI hadn't kept dragging | sensürkeleb turmay ediŋsürkeleb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept dragging | olsürkeleb turmay edisürkeleb turmayedhe hadn't kept dragging | bizsürkeleb turmay ediksürkeleb turmayekwe hadn't kept dragging | sizsürkeleb turmay edigizsürkeleb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept dragging | alasürkeleb turmay edilesürkeleb turmayellethey hadn't kept dragging |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensürkeley tura edimsürkeley turaemI was in the middle of dragging | sensürkeley tura ediŋsürkeley turaeŋyou were in the middle of dragging | olsürkeley tura edisürkeley turaedhe was in the middle of dragging | bizsürkeley tura ediksürkeley turaekwe were in the middle of dragging | sizsürkeley tura edigizsürkeley turaegizyou all were in the middle of dragging | alasürkeley tura edilesürkeley turaellethey were in the middle of dragging |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensürkeley turmay edimsürkeley turmayemI wasn't in the middle of dragging | sensürkeley turmay ediŋsürkeley turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of dragging | olsürkeley turmay edisürkeley turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of dragging | bizsürkeley turmay ediksürkeley turmayekwe weren't in the middle of dragging | sizsürkeley turmay edigizsürkeley turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of dragging | alasürkeley turmay edilesürkeley turmayellethey weren't in the middle of dragging |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mensürkeler edimsürkeler emI would drag | sensürkeler ediŋsürkeler eŋyou would drag | olsürkeler edisürkeler edhe would drag | bizsürkeler ediksürkeler ekwe would drag | sizsürkeler edigizsürkeler egizyou all would drag | alasürkeler edilesürkeler ellethey would drag |
| Conditional result (would) | mensürkelemez edimsürkelemez emI wouldn't drag | sensürkelemez ediŋsürkelemez eŋyou wouldn't drag | olsürkelemez edisürkelemez edhe wouldn't drag | bizsürkelemez ediksürkelemez ekwe wouldn't drag | sizsürkelemez edigizsürkelemez egizyou all wouldn't drag | alasürkelemez edilesürkelemez ellethey wouldn't drag |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensürkelerik edimsürkelerik emI would have dragged | sensürkelerik ediŋsürkelerik eŋyou would have dragged | olsürkelerik edisürkelerik edhe would have dragged | bizsürkelerik ediksürkelerik ekwe would have dragged | sizsürkelerik edigizsürkelerik egizyou all would have dragged | alasürkelerik edilesürkelerik ellethey would have dragged |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensürkelerik tül edimsürkelerik tül emI wouldn't have dragged | sensürkelerik tül ediŋsürkelerik tül eŋyou wouldn't have dragged | olsürkelerik tül edisürkelerik tül edhe wouldn't have dragged | bizsürkelerik tül ediksürkelerik tül ekwe wouldn't have dragged | sizsürkelerik tül edigizsürkelerik tül egizyou all wouldn't have dragged | alasürkelerik tül edilesürkelerik tül ellethey wouldn't have dragged |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mensürkelesemif I drag | sensürkeleseŋif you drag | olsürkeleseif he drags | bizsürkelesekif we drag | sizsürkelesegizif you all drag | alasürkeleseleif they drag |
| Conditional | mensürkelemesemif I don't drag | sensürkelemeseŋif you don't drag | olsürkelemeseif he doesn't drag | bizsürkelemesekif we don't drag | sizsürkelemesegizif you all don't drag | alasürkelemeseleif they don't drag |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mensürkeley esemif I am dragging | sensürkeley eseŋif you are dragging | olsürkeley eseif he is dragging | bizsürkeley esekif we are dragging | sizsürkeley esegizif you all are dragging | alasürkeley eseleif they are dragging |
| Conditional, present real | mensürkelemey esemif I am not dragging | sensürkelemey eseŋif you are not dragging | olsürkelemey eseif he is not dragging | bizsürkelemey esekif we are not dragging | sizsürkelemey esegizif you all are not dragging | alasürkelemey eseleif they are not dragging |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensürkelesem edisürkelesem edif only I dragged | sensürkeleseŋ edisürkeleseŋ edif only you dragged | olsürkelese edisürkelesedif only he dragged | bizsürkelesek edisürkelesek edif only we dragged | sizsürkelesegiz edisürkelesegiz edif only you all dragged | alasürkelesele edisürkeleseledif only they dragged |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensürkelemesem edisürkelemesem edif only I didn't drag | sensürkelemeseŋ edisürkelemeseŋ edif only you didn't drag | olsürkelemese edisürkelemesedif only he didn't drag | bizsürkelemesek edisürkelemesek edif only we didn't drag | sizsürkelemesegiz edisürkelemesegiz edif only you all didn't drag | alasürkelemesele edisürkelemeseledif only they didn't drag |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mensürkeleb tursamif I carry on dragging | sensürkeleb tursaŋif you carry on dragging | olsürkeleb tursaif he carries on dragging | bizsürkeleb tursaqif we carry on dragging | sizsürkeleb tursağızif you all carry on dragging | alasürkeleb tursalaif they carry on dragging |
| Durative conditional | mensürkeleb turmasamif I don't carry on dragging | sensürkeleb turmasaŋif you don't carry on dragging | olsürkeleb turmasaif he doesn't carry on dragging | bizsürkeleb turmasaqif we don't carry on dragging | sizsürkeleb turmasağızif you all don't carry on dragging | alasürkeleb turmasalaif they don't carry on dragging |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mensürkeleb tura esemif I have kept dragging | sensürkeleb tura eseŋif you have kept dragging | olsürkeleb tura eseif he has kept dragging | bizsürkeleb tura esekif we have kept dragging | sizsürkeleb tura esegizif you all have kept dragging | alasürkeleb tura eseleif they have kept dragging |
| Durative conditional, present real | mensürkeleb turmay esemif I haven't kept dragging | sensürkeleb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept dragging | olsürkeleb turmay eseif he hasn't kept dragging | bizsürkeleb turmay esekif we haven't kept dragging | sizsürkeleb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept dragging | alasürkeleb turmay eseleif they haven't kept dragging |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mensürkeley tursamif I keep dragging | sensürkeley tursaŋif you keep dragging | olsürkeley tursaif he keeps dragging | bizsürkeley tursaqif we keep dragging | sizsürkeley tursağızif you all keep dragging | alasürkeley tursalaif they keep dragging |
| Progressive conditional | mensürkelemey tursamif I keep on not dragging | sensürkelemey tursaŋif you keep on not dragging | olsürkelemey tursaif he keeps on not dragging | bizsürkelemey tursaqif we keep on not dragging | sizsürkelemey tursağızif you all keep on not dragging | alasürkelemey tursalaif they keep on not dragging |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensürkeley tura esemif I am in the middle of dragging | sensürkeley tura eseŋif you are in the middle of dragging | olsürkeley tura eseif he is in the middle of dragging | bizsürkeley tura esekif we are in the middle of dragging | sizsürkeley tura esegizif you all are in the middle of dragging | alasürkeley tura eseleif they are in the middle of dragging |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensürkelemey tura esemif I keep on not dragging | sensürkelemey tura eseŋif you keep on not dragging | olsürkelemey tura eseif he keeps on not dragging | bizsürkelemey tura esekif we keep on not dragging | sizsürkelemey tura esegizif you all keep on not dragging | alasürkelemey tura eseleif they keep on not dragging |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensürkeledim esemif I dragged | sensürkelediŋ eseŋif you dragged | olsürkeledi eseif he dragged | bizsürkeledik esekif we dragged | sizsürkeledigiz esegizif you all dragged | alasürkeledile eseleif they dragged |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensürkelemedim esemif I didn't drag | sensürkelemediŋ eseŋif you didn't drag | olsürkelemedi eseif he didn't drag | bizsürkelemedik esekif we didn't drag | sizsürkelemedigiz esegizif you all didn't drag | alasürkelemedile eseleif they didn't drag |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mensürkelegen esemif I did drag (indeed) | sensürkelegen eseŋif you did drag (indeed) | olsürkelegen eseif he did drag (indeed) | bizsürkelegen esekif we did drag (indeed) | sizsürkelegen esegizif you all did drag (indeed) | alasürkelegen eseleif they did drag (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mensürkelemegen esemif I didn't drag (indeed) | sensürkelemegen eseŋif you didn't drag (indeed) | olsürkelemegen eseif he didn't drag (indeed) | bizsürkelemegen esekif we didn't drag (indeed) | sizsürkelemegen esegizif you all didn't drag (indeed) | alasürkelemegen eseleif they didn't drag (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensürkelegen bolsamif I had dragged | sensürkelegen bolsaŋif you had dragged | olsürkelegen bolsaif he had dragged | bizsürkelegen bolsaqif we had dragged | sizsürkelegen bolsağızif you all had dragged | alasürkelegen bolsalaif they had dragged |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensürkelemegen bolsamif I hadn't dragged | sensürkelemegen bolsaŋif you hadn't dragged | olsürkelemegen bolsaif he hadn't dragged | bizsürkelemegen bolsaqif we hadn't dragged | sizsürkelemegen bolsağızif you all hadn't dragged | alasürkelemegen bolsalaif they hadn't dragged |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensürkelegen bolsam edisürkelegen bolsam edif only I had dragged | sensürkelegen bolsaŋ edisürkelegen bolsaŋ edif only you had dragged | olsürkelegen bolsa edisürkelegen bolsaedif only he had dragged | bizsürkelegen bolsaq edisürkelegen bolsaq edif only we had dragged | sizsürkelegen bolsağız edisürkelegen bolsağız edif only you all had dragged | alasürkelegen bolsala edisürkelegen bolsalaedif only they had dragged |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensürkelemegen bolsam edisürkelemegen bolsam edif only I hadn't dragged | sensürkelemegen bolsaŋ edisürkelemegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't dragged | olsürkelemegen bolsa edisürkelemegen bolsaedif only he hadn't dragged | bizsürkelemegen bolsaq edisürkelemegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't dragged | sizsürkelemegen bolsağız edisürkelemegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't dragged | alasürkelemegen bolsala edisürkelemegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't dragged |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mensürkeler esemif I will drag | sensürkeler eseŋif you will drag | olsürkeler eseif he will drag | bizsürkeler esekif we will drag | sizsürkeler esegizif you all will drag | alasürkeler eseleif they will drag |
| Conditional, aorist | mensürkelemez esemif I won't drag | sensürkelemez eseŋif you won't drag | olsürkelemez eseif he won't drag | bizsürkelemez esekif we won't drag | sizsürkelemez esegizif you all won't drag | alasürkelemez eseleif they won't drag |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mensürkelerik esemif I am going to drag | sensürkelerik eseŋif you are going to drag | olsürkelerik eseif he is going to drag | bizsürkelerik esekif we are going to drag | sizsürkelerik esegizif you all are going to drag | alasürkelerik eseleif they are going to drag |
| Conditional, future | mensürkelerik tül esemif I am not going to drag | sensürkelerik tül eseŋif you are not going to drag | olsürkelerik tül eseif he is not going to drag | bizsürkelerik tül esekif we are not going to drag | sizsürkelerik tül esegizif you all are not going to drag | alasürkelerik tül eseleif they are not going to drag |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensürkelerik bolsamif I were going to drag | sensürkelerik bolsaŋif you were going to drag | olsürkelerik bolsaif he were going to drag | bizsürkelerik bolsaqif we were going to drag | sizsürkelerik bolsağızif you all were going to drag | alasürkelerik bolsalaif they were going to drag |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensürkelemezlik bolsamif I were not going to drag | sensürkelemezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to drag | olsürkelemezlik bolsaif he were not going to drag | bizsürkelemezlik bolsaqif we were not going to drag | sizsürkelemezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to drag | alasürkelemezlik bolsalaif they were not going to drag |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso sürkelediŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensürkeley bolurmaI must be dragging | sensürkeley bolursayou must be dragging | olsürkeley bolurhe must be dragging | bizsürkeley bolurbuzwe must be dragging | sizsürkeley bolursuzyou all must be dragging | alasürkeley bolurlathey must be dragging |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensürkelemey bolurmaI must not be dragging | sensürkelemey bolursayou must not be dragging | olsürkelemey bolurhe must not be dragging | bizsürkelemey bolurbuzwe must not be dragging | sizsürkelemey bolursuzyou all must not be dragging | alasürkelemey bolurlathey must not be dragging |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensürkeley tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of dragging | sensürkeley tura bolursayou must be in the middle of dragging | olsürkeley tura bolurhe must be in the middle of dragging | bizsürkeley tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of dragging | sizsürkeley tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of dragging | alasürkeley tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of dragging |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensürkelemey tura bolurmaI must keep on not dragging | sensürkelemey tura bolursayou must keep on not dragging | olsürkelemey tura bolurhe must keep on not dragging | bizsürkelemey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not dragging | sizsürkelemey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not dragging | alasürkelemey tura bolurlathey must keep on not dragging |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mensürkelegen bolurmaI must have dragged | sensürkelegen bolursayou must have dragged | olsürkelegen bolurhe must have dragged | bizsürkelegen bolurbuzwe must have dragged | sizsürkelegen bolursuzyou all must have dragged | alasürkelegen bolurlathey must have dragged |
| Inference (must have) | mensürkelemegen bolurmaI must not have dragged | sensürkelemegen bolursayou must not have dragged | olsürkelemegen bolurhe must not have dragged | bizsürkelemegen bolurbuzwe must not have dragged | sizsürkelemegen bolursuzyou all must not have dragged | alasürkelemegen bolurlathey must not have dragged |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensürkelerik bolurmaI must be going to drag | sensürkelerik bolursayou must be going to drag | olsürkelerik bolurhe must be going to drag | bizsürkelerik bolurbuzwe must be going to drag | sizsürkelerik bolursuzyou all must be going to drag | alasürkelerik bolurlathey must be going to drag |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensürkelemezlik bolurmaI must not be going to drag | sensürkelemezlik bolursayou must not be going to drag | olsürkelemezlik bolurhe must not be going to drag | bizsürkelemezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to drag | sizsürkelemezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to drag | alasürkelemezlik bolurlathey must not be going to drag |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mensürkeleyimlet me drag | sensürkele!drag! | olsürkelesinlet him drag | bizsürkeleyiklet's drag | sizsürkelegiz!drag, you all! | alasürkelesinlelet them drag |
| Commands & suggestions | mensürkelemeyimlet me not drag | sensürkeleme!don't drag! | olsürkelemesinlet him not drag | bizsürkelemeyiklet's not drag | sizsürkelemegiz!don't drag, you all! | alasürkelemesinlelet them not drag |
| Commands & suggestions | mensürkeleyimmi?shall I drag? | olsürkelesinmi?should he drag? | bizsürkeleyikmi?shall we drag? | alasürkelesinlemi?should they drag? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mensürkelemeyimmi?shall I not drag? | olsürkelemesinmi?should he not drag? | bizsürkelemeyikmi?shall we not drag? | alasürkelemesinlemi?should they not drag? | ||
| Requests | sensürkeleçi2sürkeleçinplease drag | olsürkelesinçido let him drag | sizsürkeleçigizplease drag (plural/polite) | alasürkelesinleçido let them drag | ||
| Requests | sensürkelemeçi2sürkelemeçinplease don't drag | olsürkelemesinçido let him not drag | sizsürkelemeçigizplease don't drag (plural/polite) | alasürkelemesinleçido let them not drag | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensürkeleginsürkelegimay you drag | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensürkelemeginsürkelemegimay you not drag | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensürkelegey edim sürkelege edimwould that I dragged | sensürkelegey ediŋ sürkelege ediŋwould that you dragged | olsürkelegey edi sürkelege ediwould that he dragged | bizsürkelegey edik sürkelege edikwould that we dragged | sizsürkelegey edigiz sürkelege edigizwould that you all dragged | alasürkelegey edile sürkelege edilewould that they dragged |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensürkelemegey edim sürkelemege edimwould that I did not drag | sensürkelemegey ediŋ sürkelemege ediŋwould that you did not drag | olsürkelemegey edi sürkelemege ediwould that he did not drag | bizsürkelemegey edik sürkelemege edikwould that we did not drag | sizsürkelemegey edigiz sürkelemege edigizwould that you all did not drag | alasürkelemegey edile sürkelemege edilewould that they did not drag |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensürkelemege qoyayımsürkeleme qoyayımlet me allow someone to drag | sensürkelemege qoy!sürkeleme qoy!let someone drag! | olsürkelemege qoysunsürkeleme qoysunlet him allow someone to drag | bizsürkelemege qoyayıqsürkeleme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to drag | sizsürkelemege qoyuğuz!sürkeleme qoyuğuz!let someone drag, you all! | alasürkelemege qoysunlasürkeleme qoysunlalet them allow someone to drag |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensürkelemege qoymayımsürkeleme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to drag | sensürkelemege qoyma!sürkeleme qoyma!don't let someone drag! | olsürkelemege qoymasınsürkeleme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to drag | bizsürkelemege qoymayıqsürkeleme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to drag | sizsürkelemege qoymağız!sürkeleme qoymağız!don't let someone drag, you all! | alasürkelemege qoymasınlasürkeleme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to drag |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensürkelemege qoyayımmı?sürkeleme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to drag? | olsürkelemege qoysunmu?sürkeleme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to drag? | bizsürkelemege qoyayıqmı?sürkeleme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to drag? | alasürkelemege qoysunlamı?sürkeleme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to drag? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensürkelemege qoymayımmı?sürkeleme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to drag? | olsürkelemege qoymasınmı?sürkeleme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to drag? | bizsürkelemege qoymayıqmı?sürkeleme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to drag? | alasürkelemege qoymasınlamı?sürkeleme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to drag? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mensürkelemege qoyamasürkeleme qoyamaI allow someone to drag | sensürkelemege qoyasasürkeleme qoyasayou allow someone to drag | olsürkelemege qoyadısürkeleme qoyadıhe allows someone to drag | bizsürkelemege qoyabızsürkeleme qoyabızwe allow someone to drag | sizsürkelemege qoyasızsürkeleme qoyasızyou all allow someone to drag | alasürkelemege qoyadılasürkeleme qoyadılathey allow someone to drag |
| Let someone… (present) | mensürkelemege qoymaymasürkeleme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to drag | sensürkelemege qoymaysasürkeleme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to drag | olsürkelemege qoymaydısürkeleme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to drag | bizsürkelemege qoymaybızsürkeleme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to drag | sizsürkelemege qoymaysızsürkeleme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to drag | alasürkelemege qoymaydılasürkeleme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to drag |
| Let someone… (present) | mensürkelemege qoyamamı?sürkeleme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to drag? | sensürkelemege qoyamısa?sürkeleme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to drag? | olsürkelemege qoyamıdı?sürkeleme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to drag? | bizsürkelemege qoyabızmı?sürkeleme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to drag? | sizsürkelemege qoyamısız?sürkeleme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to drag? | alasürkelemege qoyamıdıla?sürkeleme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to drag? |
| Let someone… (present) | mensürkelemege qoymaymamı?sürkeleme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to drag? | sensürkelemege qoymaymısa?sürkeleme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to drag? | olsürkelemege qoymaymıdı?sürkeleme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to drag? | bizsürkelemege qoymaybızmı?sürkeleme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to drag? | sizsürkelemege qoymaymısız?sürkeleme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to drag? | alasürkelemege qoymaymıdıla?sürkeleme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to drag? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensürkelemege qoydumsürkeleme qoydumI allowed someone to drag | sensürkelemege qoyduŋsürkeleme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to drag | olsürkelemege qoydusürkeleme qoyduhe allowed someone to drag | bizsürkelemege qoyduqsürkeleme qoyduqwe allowed someone to drag | sizsürkelemege qoyduğuzsürkeleme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to drag | alasürkelemege qoydulasürkeleme qoydulathey allowed someone to drag |
| Let someone… (past) | mensürkelemege qoymadımsürkeleme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to drag | sensürkelemege qoymadıŋsürkeleme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to drag | olsürkelemege qoymadısürkeleme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to drag | bizsürkelemege qoymadıqsürkeleme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to drag | sizsürkelemege qoymadığızsürkeleme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to drag | alasürkelemege qoymadılasürkeleme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to drag |
| Let someone… (past) | mensürkelemege qoydummu?sürkeleme qoydummu?did I allow someone to drag? | sensürkelemege qoyduŋmu?sürkeleme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to drag? | olsürkelemege qoydumu?sürkeleme qoydumu?did he allow someone to drag? | bizsürkelemege qoyduqmu?sürkeleme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to drag? | sizsürkelemege qoyduğuzmu?sürkeleme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to drag? | alasürkelemege qoydulamı?sürkeleme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to drag? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensürkelemege qoymadımmı?sürkeleme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to drag? | sensürkelemege qoymadıŋmı?sürkeleme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to drag? | olsürkelemege qoymadımı?sürkeleme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to drag? | bizsürkelemege qoymadıqmı?sürkeleme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to drag? | sizsürkelemege qoymadığızmı?sürkeleme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to drag? | alasürkelemege qoymadılamı?sürkeleme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to drag? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
sürkeleyalırğa be able to drag · sürkeleyalmazğa be unable to drag
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mensürkeleyalamaI can drag | sensürkeleyalasayou can drag | olsürkeleyaladıhe can drag | bizsürkeleyalabızwe can drag | sizsürkeleyalasızyou all can drag | alasürkeleyaladılathey can drag |
| Ability — present | mensürkeleyalmaymaI can't drag | sensürkeleyalmaysayou can't drag | olsürkeleyalmaydıhe can't drag | bizsürkeleyalmaybızwe can't drag | sizsürkeleyalmaysızyou all can't drag | alasürkeleyalmaydılathey can't drag |
| Ability — present | mensürkeleyalamamı? sürkeleyalamıma?can I drag? | sensürkeleyalamısa?can you drag? | olsürkeleyalamıdı?can he drag? | bizsürkeleyalabızmı? sürkeleyalamıbız?can we drag? | sizsürkeleyalamısız?can you all drag? | alasürkeleyalamıdıla?can they drag? |
| Ability — present | mensürkeleyalmaymamı? sürkeleyalmaymıma?can't I drag? | sensürkeleyalmaymısa?can't you drag? | olsürkeleyalmaymıdı?can't he drag? | bizsürkeleyalmaybızmı? sürkeleyalmaymıbız?can't we drag? | sizsürkeleyalmaymısız?can't you all drag? | alasürkeleyalmaymıdıla?can't they drag? |
| Ability — if I can… | mensürkeleyalsamif I can drag | sensürkeleyalsaŋif you can drag | olsürkeleyalsaif he can drag | bizsürkeleyalsaqif we can drag | sizsürkeleyalsağızif you all can drag | alasürkeleyalsalaif they can drag |
| Ability — if I can… | mensürkeleyalmasamif I can't drag | sensürkeleyalmasaŋif you can't drag | olsürkeleyalmasaif he can't drag | bizsürkeleyalmasaqif we can't drag | sizsürkeleyalmasağızif you all can't drag | alasürkeleyalmasalaif they can't drag |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mensürkeleyaldımI was able to drag | sensürkeleyaldıŋyou were able to drag | olsürkeleyaldıhe was able to drag | bizsürkeleyaldıqwe were able to drag | sizsürkeleyaldığızyou all were able to drag | alasürkeleyaldılathey were able to drag |
| Ability — simple past | mensürkeleyalmadımI could not drag | sensürkeleyalmadıŋyou could not drag | olsürkeleyalmadıhe could not drag | bizsürkeleyalmadıqwe could not drag | sizsürkeleyalmadığızyou all could not drag | alasürkeleyalmadılathey could not drag |
| Ability — simple past | mensürkeleyaldımmı?was I able to drag? | sensürkeleyaldıŋmı?were you able to drag? | olsürkeleyaldımı?was he able to drag? | bizsürkeleyaldıqmı?were we able to drag? | sizsürkeleyaldığızmı?were you all able to drag? | alasürkeleyaldılamı?were they able to drag? |
| Ability — simple past | mensürkeleyalmadımmı?couldn't I drag? | sensürkeleyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you drag? | olsürkeleyalmadımı?couldn't he drag? | bizsürkeleyalmadıqmı?couldn't we drag? | sizsürkeleyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all drag? | alasürkeleyalmadılamı?couldn't they drag? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensürkeleyalğanmaI have been able to drag | sensürkeleyalğansayou have been able to drag | olsürkeleyalğandıhe has been able to drag | bizsürkeleyalğanbızwe have been able to drag | sizsürkeleyalğansızyou all have been able to drag | alasürkeleyalğandılathey have been able to drag |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensürkeleyalmağanmaI haven't been able to drag | sensürkeleyalmağansayou haven't been able to drag | olsürkeleyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to drag | bizsürkeleyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to drag | sizsürkeleyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to drag | alasürkeleyalmağandılathey haven't been able to drag |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensürkeleyalğanmamı? sürkeleyalğanmıma?have I been able to drag? | sensürkeleyalğanmısa?have you been able to drag? | olsürkeleyalğanmıdı?has he been able to drag? | bizsürkeleyalğanbızmı? sürkeleyalğanmıbız?have we been able to drag? | sizsürkeleyalğanmısız?have you all been able to drag? | alasürkeleyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to drag? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensürkeleyalmağanmamı? sürkeleyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to drag? | sensürkeleyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to drag? | olsürkeleyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to drag? | bizsürkeleyalmağanbızmı? sürkeleyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to drag? | sizsürkeleyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to drag? | alasürkeleyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to drag? |
| Ability — past perfect | mensürkeleyalğan edimsürkeleyalğanemI had been able to drag | sensürkeleyalğan ediŋsürkeleyalğaneŋyou had been able to drag | olsürkeleyalğan edisürkeleyalğanedhe had been able to drag | bizsürkeleyalğan ediksürkeleyalğanekwe had been able to drag | sizsürkeleyalğan edigizsürkeleyalğanegizyou all had been able to drag | alasürkeleyalğan edilesürkeleyalğanellethey had been able to drag |
| Ability — past perfect | mensürkeleyalmağan edimsürkeleyalmağanemI hadn't been able to drag | sensürkeleyalmağan ediŋsürkeleyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to drag | olsürkeleyalmağan edisürkeleyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to drag | bizsürkeleyalmağan ediksürkeleyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to drag | sizsürkeleyalmağan edigizsürkeleyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to drag | alasürkeleyalmağan edilesürkeleyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to drag |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mensürkeleyala edimsürkeleyalaemI could drag | sensürkeleyala ediŋsürkeleyalaeŋyou could drag | olsürkeleyala edisürkeleyalaedhe could drag | bizsürkeleyala ediksürkeleyalaekwe could drag | sizsürkeleyala edigizsürkeleyalaegizyou all could drag | alasürkeleyala edilesürkeleyalaellethey could drag |
| Ability — past background | mensürkeleyalmay edimsürkeleyalmayemI could not drag | sensürkeleyalmay ediŋsürkeleyalmayeŋyou could not drag | olsürkeleyalmay edisürkeleyalmayedhe could not drag | bizsürkeleyalmay ediksürkeleyalmayekwe could not drag | sizsürkeleyalmay edigizsürkeleyalmayegizyou all could not drag | alasürkeleyalmay edilesürkeleyalmayellethey could not drag |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mensürkeleyalırmaI will be able to drag | sensürkeleyalırsayou will be able to drag | olsürkeleyalırhe will be able to drag | bizsürkeleyalırbızwe will be able to drag | sizsürkeleyalırsızyou all will be able to drag | alasürkeleyalırlathey will be able to drag |
| Ability — future I | mensürkeleyalmazmaI won't be able to drag | sensürkeleyalmazsayou won't be able to drag | olsürkeleyalmazhe won't be able to drag | bizsürkeleyalmazbızwe won't be able to drag | sizsürkeleyalmazsızyou all won't be able to drag | alasürkeleyalmazlathey won't be able to drag |
| Ability — future I | mensürkeleyalırmamı? sürkeleyalırmıma?will I be able to drag? | sensürkeleyalırmısa?will you be able to drag? | olsürkeleyalırmı?will he be able to drag? | bizsürkeleyalırbızmı? sürkeleyalırmıbız?will we be able to drag? | sizsürkeleyalırmısız?will you all be able to drag? | alasürkeleyalırlamı? sürkeleyalırmıla?will they be able to drag? |
| Ability — future I | mensürkeleyalmazmamı? sürkeleyalmazmıma?won't I be able to drag? | sensürkeleyalmazmısa?won't you be able to drag? | olsürkeleyalmazmı?won't he be able to drag? | bizsürkeleyalmazbızmı? sürkeleyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to drag? | sizsürkeleyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to drag? | alasürkeleyalmazlamı? sürkeleyalmazmıla?won't they be able to drag? |
| Ability — future II | mensürkeleyallıqmaI am going to be able to drag | sensürkeleyallıqsayou are going to be able to drag | olsürkeleyallıqdıhe is going to be able to drag | bizsürkeleyallıqbızwe are going to be able to drag | sizsürkeleyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to drag | alasürkeleyallıqdılathey are going to be able to drag |
| Ability — future II | mensürkeleyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to drag | sensürkeleyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to drag | olsürkeleyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to drag | bizsürkeleyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to drag | sizsürkeleyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to drag | alasürkeleyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to drag |
| Ability — future II | mensürkeleyallıqmamı? sürkeleyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to drag? | sensürkeleyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to drag? | olsürkeleyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to drag? | bizsürkeleyallıqbızmı? sürkeleyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to drag? | sizsürkeleyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to drag? | alasürkeleyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to drag? |
| Ability — future II | mensürkeleyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to drag? | sensürkeleyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to drag? | olsürkeleyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to drag? | bizsürkeleyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to drag? | sizsürkeleyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to drag? | alasürkeleyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to drag? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensürkeleyalır edimsürkeleyalır emI would be able to drag | sensürkeleyalır ediŋsürkeleyalır eŋyou would be able to drag | olsürkeleyalır edisürkeleyalır edhe would be able to drag | bizsürkeleyalır ediksürkeleyalır ekwe would be able to drag | sizsürkeleyalır edigizsürkeleyalır egizyou all would be able to drag | alasürkeleyalır edilesürkeleyalır ellethey would be able to drag |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensürkeleyalmaz edimsürkeleyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to drag | sensürkeleyalmaz ediŋsürkeleyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to drag | olsürkeleyalmaz edisürkeleyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to drag | bizsürkeleyalmaz ediksürkeleyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to drag | sizsürkeleyalmaz edigizsürkeleyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to drag | alasürkeleyalmaz edilesürkeleyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to drag |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensürkeleyalğınsürkeleyalğımay you be able to drag | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensürkeleyalmağınsürkeleyalmağımay you not be able to drag | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mensürkelerge izleymeI want to drag | sensürkelerge izleyseyou want to drag | olsürkelerge izleydihe wants to drag | bizsürkelerge izleybizwe want to drag | sizsürkelerge izleysizyou all want to drag | alasürkelerge izleydilethey want to drag |
| want to | mensürkelerge izlemeymeI do not want to drag | sensürkelerge izlemeyseyou do not want to drag | olsürkelerge izlemeydihe does not want to drag | bizsürkelerge izlemeybizwe do not want to drag | sizsürkelerge izlemeysizyou all do not want to drag | alasürkelerge izlemeydilethey do not want to drag |
| would like to | mensürkelerge süemeI would like to drag | sensürkelerge süeseyou would like to drag | olsürkelerge süedihe would like to drag | bizsürkelerge süebizwe would like to drag | sizsürkelerge süesizyou all would like to drag | alasürkelerge süedilethey would like to drag |
| would like to | mensürkelerge süymeymeI would not like to drag | sensürkelerge süymeyseyou would not like to drag | olsürkelerge süymeydihe would not like to drag | bizsürkelerge süymeybizwe would not like to drag | sizsürkelerge süymeysizyou all would not like to drag | alasürkelerge süymeydilethey would not like to drag |
| hope to | mensürkelerge umutlanamaI hope to drag | sensürkelerge umutlanasayou hope to drag | olsürkelerge umutlanadıhe hopes to drag | bizsürkelerge umutlanabızwe hope to drag | sizsürkelerge umutlanasızyou all hope to drag | alasürkelerge umutlanadılathey hope to drag |
| hope to | mensürkelerge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to drag | sensürkelerge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to drag | olsürkelerge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to drag | bizsürkelerge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to drag | sizsürkelerge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to drag | alasürkelerge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to drag |
| be about to | mensürkelerge deb turamaI am about to drag | sensürkelerge deb turasayou are about to drag | olsürkelerge deb turadıhe is about to drag | bizsürkelerge deb turabızwe are about to drag | sizsürkelerge deb turasızyou all are about to drag | alasürkelerge deb turadılathey are about to drag |
| be about to | mensürkelerge deb turmaymaI am not about to drag | sensürkelerge deb turmaysayou are not about to drag | olsürkelerge deb turmaydıhe is not about to drag | bizsürkelerge deb turmaybızwe are not about to drag | sizsürkelerge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to drag | alasürkelerge deb turmaydılathey are not about to drag |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mensürkelerge kerekmeI need to drag | sensürkelerge kerekseyou need to drag | olsürkelerge kerekdihe needs to drag | bizsürkelerge kerekbizwe need to drag | sizsürkelerge kereksizyou all need to drag | alasürkelerge kerekdilethey need to drag |
| need to | mensürkelerge kerek tülmeI do not need to drag | sensürkelerge kerek tülseyou do not need to drag | olsürkelerge kerek tüldühe does not need to drag | bizsürkelerge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to drag | sizsürkelerge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to drag | alasürkelerge kerek tüldülethey do not need to drag |
| have to | menmenŋe sürkelerge tüşediI have to drag | sensenŋe sürkelerge tüşediyou have to drag | olaŋa sürkelerge tüşedihe has to drag | bizbizge sürkelerge tüşediwe have to drag | sizsizge sürkelerge tüşediyou all have to drag | alaalağa sürkelerge tüşedithey have to drag |
| have to | menmenŋe sürkelerge tüşmeydiI do not have to drag | sensenŋe sürkelerge tüşmeydiyou do not have to drag | olaŋa sürkelerge tüşmeydihe does not have to drag | bizbizge sürkelerge tüşmeydiwe do not have to drag | sizsizge sürkelerge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to drag | alaalağa sürkelerge tüşmeydithey do not have to drag |
| be obliged to | mensürkelerge borçlumaI am obliged to drag | sensürkelerge borçlusayou are obliged to drag | olsürkelerge borçluduhe is obliged to drag | bizsürkelerge borçlubuzwe are obliged to drag | sizsürkelerge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to drag | alasürkelerge borçludulathey are obliged to drag |
| be obliged to | mensürkelerge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to drag | sensürkelerge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to drag | olsürkelerge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to drag | bizsürkelerge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to drag | sizsürkelerge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to drag | alasürkelerge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to drag |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mensürkelerge madarım bardıI have a way to drag | sensürkelerge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to drag | olsürkelerge madarı bardıhe has a way to drag | bizsürkelerge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to drag | sizsürkelerge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to drag | alasürkelerge madarları bardıthey have a way to drag |
| have a way to | mensürkelerge madarım joqduI have no way to drag | sensürkelerge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to drag | olsürkelerge madarı joqduhe has no way to drag | bizsürkelerge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to drag | sizsürkelerge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to drag | alasürkelerge madarları joqduthey have no way to drag |
| be free to | mensürkelerge erkinligim bardıI am free to drag | sensürkelerge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to drag | olsürkelerge erkinligi bardıhe is free to drag | bizsürkelerge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to drag | sizsürkelerge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to drag | alasürkelerge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to drag |
| be free to | mensürkelerge erkinligim joqduI am not free to drag | sensürkelerge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to drag | olsürkelerge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to drag | bizsürkelerge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to drag | sizsürkelerge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to drag | alasürkelerge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to drag |
| be possible to | menmenŋe sürkelerge bolluqduit is possible for me to drag | sensenŋe sürkelerge bolluqduit is possible for you to drag | olaŋa sürkelerge bolluqduit is possible for him to drag | bizbizge sürkelerge bolluqduit is possible for us to drag | sizsizge sürkelerge bolluqduit is possible for you all to drag | alaalağa sürkelerge bolluqduit is possible for them to drag |
| be possible to | menmenŋe sürkelerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to drag | sensenŋe sürkelerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to drag | olaŋa sürkelerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to drag | bizbizge sürkelerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to drag | sizsizge sürkelerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to drag | alaalağa sürkelerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to drag |
| be ready to | mensürkelerge hazırmaI am ready to drag | sensürkelerge hazırsayou are ready to drag | olsürkelerge hazırdıhe is ready to drag | bizsürkelerge hazırbızwe are ready to drag | sizsürkelerge hazırsızyou all are ready to drag | alasürkelerge hazırdılathey are ready to drag |
| be ready to | mensürkelerge hazır tülmeI am not ready to drag | sensürkelerge hazır tülseyou are not ready to drag | olsürkelerge hazır tüldühe is not ready to drag | bizsürkelerge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to drag | sizsürkelerge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to drag | alasürkelerge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to drag |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mensürkelerge küreşemeI am trying to drag | sensürkelerge küreşeseyou are trying to drag | olsürkelerge küreşedihe is trying to drag | bizsürkelerge küreşebizwe are trying to drag | sizsürkelerge küreşesizyou all are trying to drag | alasürkelerge küreşedilethey are trying to drag |
| try to | mensürkelerge küreşmeymeI am not trying to drag | sensürkelerge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to drag | olsürkelerge küreşmeydihe is not trying to drag | bizsürkelerge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to drag | sizsürkelerge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to drag | alasürkelerge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to drag |
| agree to | mensürkelerge unaymaI agree to drag | sensürkelerge unaysayou agree to drag | olsürkelerge unaydıhe agrees to drag | bizsürkelerge unaybızwe agree to drag | sizsürkelerge unaysızyou all agree to drag | alasürkelerge unaydılathey agree to drag |
| agree to | mensürkelerge unamaymaI refuse to drag | sensürkelerge unamaysayou refuse to drag | olsürkelerge unamaydıhe refuses to drag | bizsürkelerge unamaybızwe refuse to drag | sizsürkelerge unamaysızyou all refuse to drag | alasürkelerge unamaydılathey refuse to drag |
| hurry to | mensürkelerge aşığamaI am in a hurry to drag | sensürkelerge aşığasayou are in a hurry to drag | olsürkelerge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to drag | bizsürkelerge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to drag | sizsürkelerge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to drag | alasürkelerge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to drag |
| hurry to | mensürkelerge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to drag | sensürkelerge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to drag | olsürkelerge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to drag | bizsürkelerge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to drag | sizsürkelerge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to drag | alasürkelerge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to drag |
| be afraid to | mensürkelerge qorqamaI am afraid to drag | sensürkelerge qorqasayou are afraid to drag | olsürkelerge qorqadıhe is afraid to drag | bizsürkelerge qorqabızwe are afraid to drag | sizsürkelerge qorqasızyou all are afraid to drag | alasürkelerge qorqadılathey are afraid to drag |
| be afraid to | mensürkelerge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to drag | sensürkelerge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to drag | olsürkelerge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to drag | bizsürkelerge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to drag | sizsürkelerge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to drag | alasürkelerge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to drag |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mensürkeley bolmazmaI can't be dragging | sensürkeley bolmazsayou can't be dragging | olsürkeley bolmazhe can't be dragging | bizsürkeley bolmazbızwe can't be dragging | sizsürkeley bolmazsızyou all can't be dragging | alasürkeley bolmazlathey can't be dragging |
| Inference, present — double negation | mensürkelemey bolmazmaI must be dragging (emphatic) | sensürkelemey bolmazsayou must be dragging (emphatic) | olsürkelemey bolmazhe must be dragging (emphatic) | bizsürkelemey bolmazbızwe must be dragging (emphatic) | sizsürkelemey bolmazsızyou all must be dragging (emphatic) | alasürkelemey bolmazlathey must be dragging (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mensürkeley turmasamif I don't keep dragging | sensürkeley turmasaŋif you don't keep dragging | olsürkeley turmasaif he doesn't keep dragging | bizsürkeley turmasaqif we don't keep dragging | sizsürkeley turmasağızif you all don't keep dragging | alasürkeley turmasalaif they don't keep dragging |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mensürkeley tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of dragging | sensürkeley tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of dragging | olsürkeley tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of dragging | bizsürkeley tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of dragging | sizsürkeley tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of dragging | alasürkeley tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of dragging |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mensürkelemey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not dragging (emphatic) | sensürkelemey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not dragging (emphatic) | olsürkelemey tura bolmazhe must keep on not dragging (emphatic) | bizsürkelemey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not dragging (emphatic) | sizsürkelemey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not dragging (emphatic) | alasürkelemey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not dragging (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mensürkelemey turamaI keep on not dragging | sensürkelemey turasayou keep on not dragging | olsürkelemey turadıhe keeps on not dragging | bizsürkelemey turabızwe keep on not dragging | sizsürkelemey turasızyou all keep on not dragging | alasürkelemey turadılathey keep on not dragging |
| Progressive — double negation | mensürkelemey turmaymaI am not keeping on not dragging | sensürkelemey turmaysayou are not keeping on not dragging | olsürkelemey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not dragging | bizsürkelemey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not dragging | sizsürkelemey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not dragging | alasürkelemey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not dragging |
| Progressive — double negation | mensürkelemey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not dragging? | sensürkelemey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not dragging? | olsürkelemey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not dragging? | bizsürkelemey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not dragging? | sizsürkelemey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not dragging? | alasürkelemey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not dragging? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mensürkelegen bolmazmaI can't have dragged | sensürkelegen bolmazsayou can't have dragged | olsürkelegen bolmazhe can't have dragged | bizsürkelegen bolmazbızwe can't have dragged | sizsürkelegen bolmazsızyou all can't have dragged | alasürkelegen bolmazlathey can't have dragged |
| Inference — double negation | mensürkelemegen bolmazmaI must have dragged (emphatic) | sensürkelemegen bolmazsayou must have dragged (emphatic) | olsürkelemegen bolmazhe must have dragged (emphatic) | bizsürkelemegen bolmazbızwe must have dragged (emphatic) | sizsürkelemegen bolmazsızyou all must have dragged (emphatic) | alasürkelemegen bolmazlathey must have dragged (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mensürkelegen bolmasamif it weren't that I had dragged | sensürkelegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had dragged | olsürkelegen bolmasaif it weren't that he had dragged | bizsürkelegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had dragged | sizsürkelegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had dragged | alasürkelegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had dragged |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mensürkelemegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't dragged | sensürkelemegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't dragged | olsürkelemegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't dragged | bizsürkelemegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't dragged | sizsürkelemegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't dragged | alasürkelemegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't dragged |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mensürkelerik bolmazmaI can't be going to drag | sensürkelerik bolmazsayou can't be going to drag | olsürkelerik bolmazhe can't be going to drag | bizsürkelerik bolmazbızwe can't be going to drag | sizsürkelerik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to drag | alasürkelerik bolmazlathey can't be going to drag |
| Inference, future — double negation | mensürkelemezlik bolmazmaI must be going to drag (emphatic) | sensürkelemezlik bolmazsayou must be going to drag (emphatic) | olsürkelemezlik bolmazhe must be going to drag (emphatic) | bizsürkelemezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to drag (emphatic) | sizsürkelemezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to drag (emphatic) | alasürkelemezlik bolmazlathey must be going to drag (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mensürkelerik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to drag | sensürkelerik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to drag | olsürkelerik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to drag | bizsürkelerik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to drag | sizsürkelerik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to drag | alasürkelerik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to drag |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mensürkelemezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to drag | sensürkelemezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to drag | olsürkelemezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to drag | bizsürkelemezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to drag | sizsürkelemezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to drag | alasürkelemezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to drag |