qıl
/qɯl/ · plural qılla
1. horsehair, the coarse hair of a horse's mane and tail; coarse animal hair, bristle — Before another noun it means made of horsehair.
- atnı quyruq qılları — the hairs of a horse's tail
- atnı quyruğundan bir qıl — a hair from the horse's tail
- atnı jalını qılı — the hair of the horse's mane
- qıldan etilgen arqan — a rope made of horsehair
- bir qıldan arqan bolmaz — one hair won't make a rope
- kirpini qılları — the bristles of a hedgehog
2. string, a cord stretched on a musical instrument
- qobuznu qılı — the string of the instrument
- gitaranı qılları — the strings of a guitar
- qılları üzülgen qobuz — an instrument whose strings have snapped
- qıl tawuş berdi — the string gave out a note
3. fish bone, a fine bone in the flesh of a fish
- balıqnı qılları — the fine bones of the fish
- qılı köb balıq — a fish with many small bones
- qılları tamağıŋa çançılsala — if its bones stick in your throat
- qıldan saq bol — beware of the fish bones
- çabaq qılsız bolmaz — a fish is never without bones
Expressions
- araları bla qıl ötmezge — be inseparable
- boyunum qıldan iniçkedi — I cannot refuse
- qıl çaynarğa — vent one's rage
- qıl quwurdaq eterge — bring to heel
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | qılthe horsehair | qılımmy horsehair | qılıŋyour horsehair | qılıhis horsehair | qılıbızour horsehair | qılığızyou all's horsehair | qıllarıtheir horsehairs |
| Genitive | qılnıthe horsehair's | qılımımy horsehair's | qılıŋıyour horsehair's | qılınıhis horsehair's | qılıbıznıour horsehair's | qılığıznıyou all's horsehair's | qıllarınıtheir horsehairs' |
| Accusative | qılnıthe horsehair (as the object) | qılımımy horsehair (as the object) | qılıŋıyour horsehair (as the object) | qılınhis horsehair (as the object) | qılıbıznıour horsehair (as the object) | qılığıznıyou all's horsehair (as the object) | qıllarıntheir horsehairs (as the object) |
| Dative | qılğato the horsehair | qılımato my horsehair | qılıŋato your horsehair | qılınato his horsehair | qılıbızğato our horsehair | qılığızğato you all's horsehair | qıllarınato their horsehairs |
| Locative | qıldain / at the horsehair | qılımdain / at my horsehair | qılıŋdain / at your horsehair | qılındain / at his horsehair | qılıbızdain / at our horsehair | qılığızdain / at you all's horsehair | qıllarındain / at their horsehairs |
| Ablative | qıldanfrom the horsehair | qılımdanfrom my horsehair | qılıŋdanfrom your horsehair | qılındanfrom his horsehair | qılıbızdanfrom our horsehair | qılığızdanfrom you all's horsehair | qıllarındanfrom their horsehairs |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | qıllathe horsehairs | qıllarımmy horsehairs | qıllarıŋyour horsehairs | qıllarıhis horsehairs | qıllarıbızour horsehairs | qıllarığızyou all's horsehairs | qıllarıtheir horsehairs |
| Genitive | qıllanıthe horsehairs' | qıllarımımy horsehairs' | qıllarıŋıyour horsehairs' | qıllarınıhis horsehairs' | qıllarıbıznıour horsehairs' | qıllarığıznıyou all's horsehairs' | qıllarınıtheir horsehairs' |
| Accusative | qıllanıthe horsehairs (as the object) | qıllarımımy horsehairs (as the object) | qıllarıŋıyour horsehairs (as the object) | qıllarınhis horsehairs (as the object) | qıllarıbıznıour horsehairs (as the object) | qıllarığıznıyou all's horsehairs (as the object) | qıllarıntheir horsehairs (as the object) |
| Dative | qıllağato the horsehairs | qıllarımato my horsehairs | qıllarıŋato your horsehairs | qıllarınato his horsehairs | qıllarıbızğato our horsehairs | qıllarığızğato you all's horsehairs | qıllarınato their horsehairs |
| Locative | qılladain / at the horsehairs | qıllarımdain / at my horsehairs | qıllarıŋdain / at your horsehairs | qıllarındain / at his horsehairs | qıllarıbızdain / at our horsehairs | qıllarığızdain / at you all's horsehairs | qıllarındain / at their horsehairs |
| Ablative | qılladanfrom the horsehairs | qıllarımdanfrom my horsehairs | qıllarıŋdanfrom your horsehairs | qıllarındanfrom his horsehairs | qıllarıbızdanfrom our horsehairs | qıllarığızdanfrom you all's horsehairs | qıllarındanfrom their horsehairs |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: qılları can mean "his / her horsehairs", "their horsehair", or "their horsehairs" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.