qolaylarğa
/qolajlarʁa/
improve, make better — Takes a direct object, as in işni qolaylarğa "improve the work". Guzeev 2003 marks it colloquial.
- işni qolaylarğa — to improve the work
Conjugation
Common forms
- qolaylaydıhe is improving
- qolayladıhe improved
- qolaylağandıhe has improved
- qolaylarhe will improve
- qolaylarıqdıhe is going to improve
- qolaylay edihe was improving
- qolaylasaif he improves
- qolayla!improve!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqolaylaymaI am improving | senqolaylaysayou are improving | olqolaylaydıhe is improving | bizqolaylaybızwe are improving | sizqolaylaysızyou all are improving | alaqolaylaydılathey are improving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqolaylamaymaI am not improving | senqolaylamaysayou are not improving | olqolaylamaydıhe is not improving | bizqolaylamaybızwe are not improving | sizqolaylamaysızyou all are not improving | alaqolaylamaydılathey are not improving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqolaylaymamı? qolaylaymıma?am I improving? | senqolaylaymısa?are you improving? | olqolaylaymıdı?is he improving? | bizqolaylaybızmı? qolaylaymıbız?are we improving? | sizqolaylaymısız?are you all improving? | alaqolaylaymıdıla?are they improving? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqolaylamaymamı? qolaylamaymıma?aren't I improving? | senqolaylamaymısa?aren't you improving? | olqolaylamaymıdı?isn't he improving? | bizqolaylamaybızmı? qolaylamaymıbız?aren't we improving? | sizqolaylamaymısız?aren't you all improving? | alaqolaylamaymıdıla?aren't they improving? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqolaylawçanmaI usually improve | senqolaylawçansayou usually improve | olqolaylawçandıhe usually improves | bizqolaylawçanbızwe usually improve | sizqolaylawçansızyou all usually improve | alaqolaylawçandılathey usually improve |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqolaylamawçanmaI usually don't improve | senqolaylamawçansayou usually don't improve | olqolaylamawçandıhe usually doesn't improve | bizqolaylamawçanbızwe usually don't improve | sizqolaylamawçansızyou all usually don't improve | alaqolaylamawçandılathey usually don't improve |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqolaylawçanmamı? qolaylawçanmıma?do I usually improve? | senqolaylawçanmısa?do you usually improve? | olqolaylawçanmıdı?does he usually improve? | bizqolaylawçanbızmı? qolaylawçanmıbız?do we usually improve? | sizqolaylawçanmısız?do you all usually improve? | alaqolaylawçanmıdıla?do they usually improve? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqolaylamawçanmamı? qolaylamawçanmıma?do I usually not improve? | senqolaylamawçanmısa?do you usually not improve? | olqolaylamawçanmıdı?does he usually not improve? | bizqolaylamawçanbızmı? qolaylamawçanmıbız?do we usually not improve? | sizqolaylamawçanmısız?do you all usually not improve? | alaqolaylamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not improve? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqolaylabdıhe has improved and remains so | alaqolaylabdılathey have improved and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqolaylabmıdı?has he improved? | alaqolaylabmıdıla?have they improved? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqolaylab turamaI keep improving | senqolaylab turasayou keep improving | olqolaylab turadıhe keeps improving | bizqolaylab turabızwe keep improving | sizqolaylab turasızyou all keep improving | alaqolaylab turadılathey keep improving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqolaylab turmaymaI don't keep improving | senqolaylab turmaysayou don't keep improving | olqolaylab turmaydıhe doesn't keep improving | bizqolaylab turmaybızwe don't keep improving | sizqolaylab turmaysızyou all don't keep improving | alaqolaylab turmaydılathey don't keep improving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqolaylab turamamı? qolaylab turamıma?do I keep improving? | senqolaylab turamısa?do you keep improving? | olqolaylab turamıdı?does he keep improving? | bizqolaylab turabızmı? qolaylab turamıbız?do we keep improving? | sizqolaylab turamısız?do you all keep improving? | alaqolaylab turamıdıla?do they keep improving? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqolaylab turmaymamı? qolaylab turmaymıma?don't I keep improving? | senqolaylab turmaymısa?don't you keep improving? | olqolaylab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep improving? | bizqolaylab turmaybızmı? qolaylab turmaymıbız?don't we keep improving? | sizqolaylab turmaymısız?don't you all keep improving? | alaqolaylab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep improving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqolaylay turamaI am in the middle of improving | senqolaylay turasayou are in the middle of improving | olqolaylay turadıhe is in the middle of improving | bizqolaylay turabızwe are in the middle of improving | sizqolaylay turasızyou all are in the middle of improving | alaqolaylay turadılathey are in the middle of improving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqolaylay turmaymaI am not in the middle of improving | senqolaylay turmaysayou are not in the middle of improving | olqolaylay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of improving | bizqolaylay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of improving | sizqolaylay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of improving | alaqolaylay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of improving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqolaylay turamamı? qolaylay turamıma?am I in the middle of improving? | senqolaylay turamısa?are you in the middle of improving? | olqolaylay turamıdı?is he in the middle of improving? | bizqolaylay turabızmı? qolaylay turamıbız?are we in the middle of improving? | sizqolaylay turamısız?are you all in the middle of improving? | alaqolaylay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of improving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqolaylay turmaymamı? qolaylay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of improving? | senqolaylay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of improving? | olqolaylay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of improving? | bizqolaylay turmaybızmı? qolaylay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of improving? | sizqolaylay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of improving? | alaqolaylay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of improving? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqolayladımI improved | senqolayladıŋyou improved | olqolayladıhe improved | bizqolayladıqwe improved | sizqolayladığızyou all improved | alaqolayladılathey improved |
| Simple past (definite) | menqolaylamadımI didn't improve | senqolaylamadıŋyou didn't improve | olqolaylamadıhe didn't improve | bizqolaylamadıqwe didn't improve | sizqolaylamadığızyou all didn't improve | alaqolaylamadılathey didn't improve |
| Simple past (definite) | menqolayladımmı?did I improve? | senqolayladıŋmı?did you improve? | olqolayladımı?did he improve? | bizqolayladıqmı?did we improve? | sizqolayladığızmı?did you all improve? | alaqolayladılamı?did they improve? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqolaylamadımmı?didn't I improve? | senqolaylamadıŋmı?didn't you improve? | olqolaylamadımı?didn't he improve? | bizqolaylamadıqmı?didn't we improve? | sizqolaylamadığızmı?didn't you all improve? | alaqolaylamadılamı?didn't they improve? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqolaylağanmaI have improved | senqolaylağansayou have improved | olqolaylağandıhe has improved | bizqolaylağanbızwe have improved | sizqolaylağansızyou all have improved | alaqolaylağandılathey have improved |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqolaylamağanmaI haven't improved | senqolaylamağansayou haven't improved | olqolaylamağandıhe hasn't improved | bizqolaylamağanbızwe haven't improved | sizqolaylamağansızyou all haven't improved | alaqolaylamağandılathey haven't improved |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqolaylağanmamı? qolaylağanmıma?have I improved? | senqolaylağanmısa?have you improved? | olqolaylağanmıdı?has he improved? | bizqolaylağanbızmı? qolaylağanmıbız?have we improved? | sizqolaylağanmısız?have you all improved? | alaqolaylağanmıdıla?have they improved? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqolaylamağanmamı? qolaylamağanmıma?haven't I improved? | senqolaylamağanmısa?haven't you improved? | olqolaylamağanmıdı?hasn't he improved? | bizqolaylamağanbızmı? qolaylamağanmıbız?haven't we improved? | sizqolaylamağanmısız?haven't you all improved? | alaqolaylamağanmıdıla?haven't they improved? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqolaylab turdumI kept improving | senqolaylab turduŋyou kept improving | olqolaylab turduhe kept improving | bizqolaylab turduqwe kept improving | sizqolaylab turduğuzyou all kept improving | alaqolaylab turdulathey kept improving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqolaylab turmadımI didn't keep improving | senqolaylab turmadıŋyou didn't keep improving | olqolaylab turmadıhe didn't keep improving | bizqolaylab turmadıqwe didn't keep improving | sizqolaylab turmadığızyou all didn't keep improving | alaqolaylab turmadılathey didn't keep improving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqolaylarmaI will improve | senqolaylarsayou will improve | olqolaylarhe will improve | bizqolaylarbızwe will improve | sizqolaylarsızyou all will improve | alaqolaylarlathey will improve |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqolaylamazmaI won't improve | senqolaylamazsayou won't improve | olqolaylamazhe won't improve | bizqolaylamazbızwe won't improve | sizqolaylamazsızyou all won't improve | alaqolaylamazlathey won't improve |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqolaylarmamı? qolaylarmıma?will I improve? | senqolaylarmısa?will you improve? | olqolaylarmı?will he improve? | bizqolaylarbızmı? qolaylarmıbız?will we improve? | sizqolaylarmısız?will you all improve? | alaqolaylarlamı? qolaylarmıla?will they improve? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqolaylamazmamı? qolaylamazmıma?won't I improve? | senqolaylamazmısa?won't you improve? | olqolaylamazmı?won't he improve? | bizqolaylamazbızmı? qolaylamazmıbız?won't we improve? | sizqolaylamazmısız?won't you all improve? | alaqolaylamazlamı? qolaylamazmıla?won't they improve? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqolaylarıqmaI am going to improve | senqolaylarıqsayou are going to improve | olqolaylarıqdıhe is going to improve | bizqolaylarıqbızwe are going to improve | sizqolaylarıqsızyou all are going to improve | alaqolaylarıqdılathey are going to improve |
| Definite future (future II) | menqolaylarıq tülmeI am not going to improve | senqolaylarıq tülseyou are not going to improve | olqolaylarıq tüldühe is not going to improve | bizqolaylarıq tülbüzwe are not going to improve | sizqolaylarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to improve | alaqolaylarıq tüldülethey are not going to improve |
| Definite future (future II) | menqolaylarıqmamı? qolaylarıqmıma?am I going to improve? | senqolaylarıqmısa?are you going to improve? | olqolaylarıqmıdı?is he going to improve? | bizqolaylarıqbızmı? qolaylarıqmıbız?are we going to improve? | sizqolaylarıqmısız?are you all going to improve? | alaqolaylarıqmıdıla?are they going to improve? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqolaylarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to improve? | senqolaylarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to improve? | olqolaylarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to improve? | bizqolaylarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to improve? | sizqolaylarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to improve? | alaqolaylarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to improve? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqolaylağan edimqolaylağanemI had improved | senqolaylağan ediŋqolaylağaneŋyou had improved | olqolaylağan ediqolaylağanedhe had improved | bizqolaylağan edikqolaylağanekwe had improved | sizqolaylağan edigizqolaylağanegizyou all had improved | alaqolaylağan edileqolaylağanellethey had improved |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqolaylamağan edimqolaylamağanemI hadn't improved | senqolaylamağan ediŋqolaylamağaneŋyou hadn't improved | olqolaylamağan ediqolaylamağanedhe hadn't improved | bizqolaylamağan edikqolaylamağanekwe hadn't improved | sizqolaylamağan edigizqolaylamağanegizyou all hadn't improved | alaqolaylamağan edileqolaylamağanellethey hadn't improved |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqolaylay edimqolaylayemI was improving | senqolaylay ediŋqolaylayeŋyou were improving | olqolaylay ediqolaylayedhe was improving | bizqolaylay edikqolaylayekwe were improving | sizqolaylay edigizqolaylayegizyou all were improving | alaqolaylay edileqolaylayellethey were improving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqolaylamay edimqolaylamayemI wasn't improving | senqolaylamay ediŋqolaylamayeŋyou weren't improving | olqolaylamay ediqolaylamayedhe wasn't improving | bizqolaylamay edikqolaylamayekwe weren't improving | sizqolaylamay edigizqolaylamayegizyou all weren't improving | alaqolaylamay edileqolaylamayellethey weren't improving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menqolaylawçan edimqolaylawçanemI used to improve | senqolaylawçan ediŋqolaylawçaneŋyou used to improve | olqolaylawçan ediqolaylawçanedhe used to improve | bizqolaylawçan edikqolaylawçanekwe used to improve | sizqolaylawçan edigizqolaylawçanegizyou all used to improve | alaqolaylawçan edileqolaylawçanellethey used to improve |
| Habitual past (used to) | menqolaylamawçan edimqolaylamawçanemI didn't use to improve | senqolaylamawçan ediŋqolaylamawçaneŋyou didn't use to improve | olqolaylamawçan ediqolaylamawçanedhe didn't use to improve | bizqolaylamawçan edikqolaylamawçanekwe didn't use to improve | sizqolaylamawçan edigizqolaylamawçanegizyou all didn't use to improve | alaqolaylamawçan edileqolaylamawçanellethey didn't use to improve |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqolaylab edihe had improved and remained so | alaqolaylab edilethey had improved and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqolaylab tül edihe hadn't improved | alaqolaylab tül edilethey hadn't improved | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqolaylab tura edimqolaylab turaemI had kept improving | senqolaylab tura ediŋqolaylab turaeŋyou had kept improving | olqolaylab tura ediqolaylab turaedhe had kept improving | bizqolaylab tura edikqolaylab turaekwe had kept improving | sizqolaylab tura edigizqolaylab turaegizyou all had kept improving | alaqolaylab tura edileqolaylab turaellethey had kept improving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqolaylab turmay edimqolaylab turmayemI hadn't kept improving | senqolaylab turmay ediŋqolaylab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept improving | olqolaylab turmay ediqolaylab turmayedhe hadn't kept improving | bizqolaylab turmay edikqolaylab turmayekwe hadn't kept improving | sizqolaylab turmay edigizqolaylab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept improving | alaqolaylab turmay edileqolaylab turmayellethey hadn't kept improving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqolaylay tura edimqolaylay turaemI was in the middle of improving | senqolaylay tura ediŋqolaylay turaeŋyou were in the middle of improving | olqolaylay tura ediqolaylay turaedhe was in the middle of improving | bizqolaylay tura edikqolaylay turaekwe were in the middle of improving | sizqolaylay tura edigizqolaylay turaegizyou all were in the middle of improving | alaqolaylay tura edileqolaylay turaellethey were in the middle of improving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqolaylay turmay edimqolaylay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of improving | senqolaylay turmay ediŋqolaylay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of improving | olqolaylay turmay ediqolaylay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of improving | bizqolaylay turmay edikqolaylay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of improving | sizqolaylay turmay edigizqolaylay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of improving | alaqolaylay turmay edileqolaylay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of improving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menqolaylar edimqolaylar emI would improve | senqolaylar ediŋqolaylar eŋyou would improve | olqolaylar ediqolaylar edhe would improve | bizqolaylar edikqolaylar ekwe would improve | sizqolaylar edigizqolaylar egizyou all would improve | alaqolaylar edileqolaylar ellethey would improve |
| Conditional result (would) | menqolaylamaz edimqolaylamaz emI wouldn't improve | senqolaylamaz ediŋqolaylamaz eŋyou wouldn't improve | olqolaylamaz ediqolaylamaz edhe wouldn't improve | bizqolaylamaz edikqolaylamaz ekwe wouldn't improve | sizqolaylamaz edigizqolaylamaz egizyou all wouldn't improve | alaqolaylamaz edileqolaylamaz ellethey wouldn't improve |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqolaylarıq edimqolaylarıq emI would have improved | senqolaylarıq ediŋqolaylarıq eŋyou would have improved | olqolaylarıq ediqolaylarıq edhe would have improved | bizqolaylarıq edikqolaylarıq ekwe would have improved | sizqolaylarıq edigizqolaylarıq egizyou all would have improved | alaqolaylarıq edileqolaylarıq ellethey would have improved |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqolaylarıq tül edimqolaylarıq tül emI wouldn't have improved | senqolaylarıq tül ediŋqolaylarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have improved | olqolaylarıq tül ediqolaylarıq tül edhe wouldn't have improved | bizqolaylarıq tül edikqolaylarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have improved | sizqolaylarıq tül edigizqolaylarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have improved | alaqolaylarıq tül edileqolaylarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have improved |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menqolaylasamif I improve | senqolaylasaŋif you improve | olqolaylasaif he improves | bizqolaylasaqif we improve | sizqolaylasağızif you all improve | alaqolaylasalaif they improve |
| Conditional | menqolaylamasamif I don't improve | senqolaylamasaŋif you don't improve | olqolaylamasaif he doesn't improve | bizqolaylamasaqif we don't improve | sizqolaylamasağızif you all don't improve | alaqolaylamasalaif they don't improve |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menqolaylay esemif I am improving | senqolaylay eseŋif you are improving | olqolaylay eseif he is improving | bizqolaylay esekif we are improving | sizqolaylay esegizif you all are improving | alaqolaylay eseleif they are improving |
| Conditional, present real | menqolaylamay esemif I am not improving | senqolaylamay eseŋif you are not improving | olqolaylamay eseif he is not improving | bizqolaylamay esekif we are not improving | sizqolaylamay esegizif you all are not improving | alaqolaylamay eseleif they are not improving |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqolaylasam ediqolaylasam edif only I improved | senqolaylasaŋ ediqolaylasaŋ edif only you improved | olqolaylasa ediqolaylasaedif only he improved | bizqolaylasaq ediqolaylasaq edif only we improved | sizqolaylasağız ediqolaylasağız edif only you all improved | alaqolaylasala ediqolaylasalaedif only they improved |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqolaylamasam ediqolaylamasam edif only I didn't improve | senqolaylamasaŋ ediqolaylamasaŋ edif only you didn't improve | olqolaylamasa ediqolaylamasaedif only he didn't improve | bizqolaylamasaq ediqolaylamasaq edif only we didn't improve | sizqolaylamasağız ediqolaylamasağız edif only you all didn't improve | alaqolaylamasala ediqolaylamasalaedif only they didn't improve |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menqolaylab tursamif I carry on improving | senqolaylab tursaŋif you carry on improving | olqolaylab tursaif he carries on improving | bizqolaylab tursaqif we carry on improving | sizqolaylab tursağızif you all carry on improving | alaqolaylab tursalaif they carry on improving |
| Durative conditional | menqolaylab turmasamif I don't carry on improving | senqolaylab turmasaŋif you don't carry on improving | olqolaylab turmasaif he doesn't carry on improving | bizqolaylab turmasaqif we don't carry on improving | sizqolaylab turmasağızif you all don't carry on improving | alaqolaylab turmasalaif they don't carry on improving |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menqolaylab tura esemif I have kept improving | senqolaylab tura eseŋif you have kept improving | olqolaylab tura eseif he has kept improving | bizqolaylab tura esekif we have kept improving | sizqolaylab tura esegizif you all have kept improving | alaqolaylab tura eseleif they have kept improving |
| Durative conditional, present real | menqolaylab turmay esemif I haven't kept improving | senqolaylab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept improving | olqolaylab turmay eseif he hasn't kept improving | bizqolaylab turmay esekif we haven't kept improving | sizqolaylab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept improving | alaqolaylab turmay eseleif they haven't kept improving |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menqolaylay tursamif I keep improving | senqolaylay tursaŋif you keep improving | olqolaylay tursaif he keeps improving | bizqolaylay tursaqif we keep improving | sizqolaylay tursağızif you all keep improving | alaqolaylay tursalaif they keep improving |
| Progressive conditional | menqolaylamay tursamif I keep on not improving | senqolaylamay tursaŋif you keep on not improving | olqolaylamay tursaif he keeps on not improving | bizqolaylamay tursaqif we keep on not improving | sizqolaylamay tursağızif you all keep on not improving | alaqolaylamay tursalaif they keep on not improving |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqolaylay tura esemif I am in the middle of improving | senqolaylay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of improving | olqolaylay tura eseif he is in the middle of improving | bizqolaylay tura esekif we are in the middle of improving | sizqolaylay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of improving | alaqolaylay tura eseleif they are in the middle of improving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqolaylamay tura esemif I keep on not improving | senqolaylamay tura eseŋif you keep on not improving | olqolaylamay tura eseif he keeps on not improving | bizqolaylamay tura esekif we keep on not improving | sizqolaylamay tura esegizif you all keep on not improving | alaqolaylamay tura eseleif they keep on not improving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqolayladım esemif I improved | senqolayladıŋ eseŋif you improved | olqolayladı eseif he improved | bizqolayladıq esekif we improved | sizqolayladığız esegizif you all improved | alaqolayladıla eseleif they improved |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqolaylamadım esemif I didn't improve | senqolaylamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't improve | olqolaylamadı eseif he didn't improve | bizqolaylamadıq esekif we didn't improve | sizqolaylamadığız esegizif you all didn't improve | alaqolaylamadıla eseleif they didn't improve |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menqolaylağan esemif I did improve (indeed) | senqolaylağan eseŋif you did improve (indeed) | olqolaylağan eseif he did improve (indeed) | bizqolaylağan esekif we did improve (indeed) | sizqolaylağan esegizif you all did improve (indeed) | alaqolaylağan eseleif they did improve (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menqolaylamağan esemif I didn't improve (indeed) | senqolaylamağan eseŋif you didn't improve (indeed) | olqolaylamağan eseif he didn't improve (indeed) | bizqolaylamağan esekif we didn't improve (indeed) | sizqolaylamağan esegizif you all didn't improve (indeed) | alaqolaylamağan eseleif they didn't improve (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqolaylağan bolsamif I had improved | senqolaylağan bolsaŋif you had improved | olqolaylağan bolsaif he had improved | bizqolaylağan bolsaqif we had improved | sizqolaylağan bolsağızif you all had improved | alaqolaylağan bolsalaif they had improved |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqolaylamağan bolsamif I hadn't improved | senqolaylamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't improved | olqolaylamağan bolsaif he hadn't improved | bizqolaylamağan bolsaqif we hadn't improved | sizqolaylamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't improved | alaqolaylamağan bolsalaif they hadn't improved |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqolaylağan bolsam ediqolaylağan bolsam edif only I had improved | senqolaylağan bolsaŋ ediqolaylağan bolsaŋ edif only you had improved | olqolaylağan bolsa ediqolaylağan bolsaedif only he had improved | bizqolaylağan bolsaq ediqolaylağan bolsaq edif only we had improved | sizqolaylağan bolsağız ediqolaylağan bolsağız edif only you all had improved | alaqolaylağan bolsala ediqolaylağan bolsalaedif only they had improved |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqolaylamağan bolsam ediqolaylamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't improved | senqolaylamağan bolsaŋ ediqolaylamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't improved | olqolaylamağan bolsa ediqolaylamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't improved | bizqolaylamağan bolsaq ediqolaylamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't improved | sizqolaylamağan bolsağız ediqolaylamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't improved | alaqolaylamağan bolsala ediqolaylamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't improved |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menqolaylar esemif I will improve | senqolaylar eseŋif you will improve | olqolaylar eseif he will improve | bizqolaylar esekif we will improve | sizqolaylar esegizif you all will improve | alaqolaylar eseleif they will improve |
| Conditional, aorist | menqolaylamaz esemif I won't improve | senqolaylamaz eseŋif you won't improve | olqolaylamaz eseif he won't improve | bizqolaylamaz esekif we won't improve | sizqolaylamaz esegizif you all won't improve | alaqolaylamaz eseleif they won't improve |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menqolaylarıq esemif I am going to improve | senqolaylarıq eseŋif you are going to improve | olqolaylarıq eseif he is going to improve | bizqolaylarıq esekif we are going to improve | sizqolaylarıq esegizif you all are going to improve | alaqolaylarıq eseleif they are going to improve |
| Conditional, future | menqolaylarıq tül esemif I am not going to improve | senqolaylarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to improve | olqolaylarıq tül eseif he is not going to improve | bizqolaylarıq tül esekif we are not going to improve | sizqolaylarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to improve | alaqolaylarıq tül eseleif they are not going to improve |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqolaylarıq bolsamif I were going to improve | senqolaylarıq bolsaŋif you were going to improve | olqolaylarıq bolsaif he were going to improve | bizqolaylarıq bolsaqif we were going to improve | sizqolaylarıq bolsağızif you all were going to improve | alaqolaylarıq bolsalaif they were going to improve |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqolaylamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to improve | senqolaylamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to improve | olqolaylamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to improve | bizqolaylamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to improve | sizqolaylamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to improve | alaqolaylamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to improve |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso qolayladıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqolaylay bolurmaI must be improving | senqolaylay bolursayou must be improving | olqolaylay bolurhe must be improving | bizqolaylay bolurbuzwe must be improving | sizqolaylay bolursuzyou all must be improving | alaqolaylay bolurlathey must be improving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqolaylamay bolurmaI must not be improving | senqolaylamay bolursayou must not be improving | olqolaylamay bolurhe must not be improving | bizqolaylamay bolurbuzwe must not be improving | sizqolaylamay bolursuzyou all must not be improving | alaqolaylamay bolurlathey must not be improving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqolaylay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of improving | senqolaylay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of improving | olqolaylay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of improving | bizqolaylay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of improving | sizqolaylay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of improving | alaqolaylay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of improving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqolaylamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not improving | senqolaylamay tura bolursayou must keep on not improving | olqolaylamay tura bolurhe must keep on not improving | bizqolaylamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not improving | sizqolaylamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not improving | alaqolaylamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not improving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menqolaylağan bolurmaI must have improved | senqolaylağan bolursayou must have improved | olqolaylağan bolurhe must have improved | bizqolaylağan bolurbuzwe must have improved | sizqolaylağan bolursuzyou all must have improved | alaqolaylağan bolurlathey must have improved |
| Inference (must have) | menqolaylamağan bolurmaI must not have improved | senqolaylamağan bolursayou must not have improved | olqolaylamağan bolurhe must not have improved | bizqolaylamağan bolurbuzwe must not have improved | sizqolaylamağan bolursuzyou all must not have improved | alaqolaylamağan bolurlathey must not have improved |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqolaylarıq bolurmaI must be going to improve | senqolaylarıq bolursayou must be going to improve | olqolaylarıq bolurhe must be going to improve | bizqolaylarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to improve | sizqolaylarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to improve | alaqolaylarıq bolurlathey must be going to improve |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqolaylamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to improve | senqolaylamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to improve | olqolaylamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to improve | bizqolaylamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to improve | sizqolaylamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to improve | alaqolaylamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to improve |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menqolaylayımlet me improve | senqolayla!improve! | olqolaylasınlet him improve | bizqolaylayıqlet's improve | sizqolaylağız!improve, you all! | alaqolaylasınlalet them improve |
| Commands & suggestions | menqolaylamayımlet me not improve | senqolaylama!don't improve! | olqolaylamasınlet him not improve | bizqolaylamayıqlet's not improve | sizqolaylamağız!don't improve, you all! | alaqolaylamasınlalet them not improve |
| Commands & suggestions | menqolaylayımmı?shall I improve? | olqolaylasınmı?should he improve? | bizqolaylayıqmı?shall we improve? | alaqolaylasınlamı?should they improve? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menqolaylamayımmı?shall I not improve? | olqolaylamasınmı?should he not improve? | bizqolaylamayıqmı?shall we not improve? | alaqolaylamasınlamı?should they not improve? | ||
| Requests | senqolaylaçı2qolaylaçınplease improve | olqolaylasınçıdo let him improve | sizqolaylaçığızplease improve (plural/polite) | alaqolaylasınlaçıdo let them improve | ||
| Requests | senqolaylamaçı2qolaylamaçınplease don't improve | olqolaylamasınçıdo let him not improve | sizqolaylamaçığızplease don't improve (plural/polite) | alaqolaylamasınlaçıdo let them not improve | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqolaylağınqolaylağımay you improve | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqolaylamağınqolaylamağımay you not improve | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqolaylağay edim qolaylağa edimwould that I improved | senqolaylağay ediŋ qolaylağa ediŋwould that you improved | olqolaylağay edi qolaylağa ediwould that he improved | bizqolaylağay edik qolaylağa edikwould that we improved | sizqolaylağay edigiz qolaylağa edigizwould that you all improved | alaqolaylağay edile qolaylağa edilewould that they improved |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqolaylamağay edim qolaylamağa edimwould that I did not improve | senqolaylamağay ediŋ qolaylamağa ediŋwould that you did not improve | olqolaylamağay edi qolaylamağa ediwould that he did not improve | bizqolaylamağay edik qolaylamağa edikwould that we did not improve | sizqolaylamağay edigiz qolaylamağa edigizwould that you all did not improve | alaqolaylamağay edile qolaylamağa edilewould that they did not improve |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqolaylamağa qoyayımqolaylama qoyayımlet me allow someone to improve | senqolaylamağa qoy!qolaylama qoy!let someone improve! | olqolaylamağa qoysunqolaylama qoysunlet him allow someone to improve | bizqolaylamağa qoyayıqqolaylama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to improve | sizqolaylamağa qoyuğuz!qolaylama qoyuğuz!let someone improve, you all! | alaqolaylamağa qoysunlaqolaylama qoysunlalet them allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqolaylamağa qoymayımqolaylama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to improve | senqolaylamağa qoyma!qolaylama qoyma!don't let someone improve! | olqolaylamağa qoymasınqolaylama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to improve | bizqolaylamağa qoymayıqqolaylama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to improve | sizqolaylamağa qoymağız!qolaylama qoymağız!don't let someone improve, you all! | alaqolaylamağa qoymasınlaqolaylama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqolaylamağa qoyayımmı?qolaylama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to improve? | olqolaylamağa qoysunmu?qolaylama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to improve? | bizqolaylamağa qoyayıqmı?qolaylama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to improve? | alaqolaylamağa qoysunlamı?qolaylama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to improve? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqolaylamağa qoymayımmı?qolaylama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to improve? | olqolaylamağa qoymasınmı?qolaylama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to improve? | bizqolaylamağa qoymayıqmı?qolaylama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to improve? | alaqolaylamağa qoymasınlamı?qolaylama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to improve? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menqolaylamağa qoyamaqolaylama qoyamaI allow someone to improve | senqolaylamağa qoyasaqolaylama qoyasayou allow someone to improve | olqolaylamağa qoyadıqolaylama qoyadıhe allows someone to improve | bizqolaylamağa qoyabızqolaylama qoyabızwe allow someone to improve | sizqolaylamağa qoyasızqolaylama qoyasızyou all allow someone to improve | alaqolaylamağa qoyadılaqolaylama qoyadılathey allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (present) | menqolaylamağa qoymaymaqolaylama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to improve | senqolaylamağa qoymaysaqolaylama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to improve | olqolaylamağa qoymaydıqolaylama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to improve | bizqolaylamağa qoymaybızqolaylama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to improve | sizqolaylamağa qoymaysızqolaylama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to improve | alaqolaylamağa qoymaydılaqolaylama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (present) | menqolaylamağa qoyamamı?qolaylama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to improve? | senqolaylamağa qoyamısa?qolaylama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to improve? | olqolaylamağa qoyamıdı?qolaylama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to improve? | bizqolaylamağa qoyabızmı?qolaylama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to improve? | sizqolaylamağa qoyamısız?qolaylama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to improve? | alaqolaylamağa qoyamıdıla?qolaylama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to improve? |
| Let someone… (present) | menqolaylamağa qoymaymamı?qolaylama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to improve? | senqolaylamağa qoymaymısa?qolaylama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to improve? | olqolaylamağa qoymaymıdı?qolaylama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to improve? | bizqolaylamağa qoymaybızmı?qolaylama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to improve? | sizqolaylamağa qoymaymısız?qolaylama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to improve? | alaqolaylamağa qoymaymıdıla?qolaylama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to improve? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqolaylamağa qoydumqolaylama qoydumI allowed someone to improve | senqolaylamağa qoyduŋqolaylama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to improve | olqolaylamağa qoyduqolaylama qoyduhe allowed someone to improve | bizqolaylamağa qoyduqqolaylama qoyduqwe allowed someone to improve | sizqolaylamağa qoyduğuzqolaylama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to improve | alaqolaylamağa qoydulaqolaylama qoydulathey allowed someone to improve |
| Let someone… (past) | menqolaylamağa qoymadımqolaylama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to improve | senqolaylamağa qoymadıŋqolaylama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to improve | olqolaylamağa qoymadıqolaylama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to improve | bizqolaylamağa qoymadıqqolaylama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to improve | sizqolaylamağa qoymadığızqolaylama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to improve | alaqolaylamağa qoymadılaqolaylama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (past) | menqolaylamağa qoydummu?qolaylama qoydummu?did I allow someone to improve? | senqolaylamağa qoyduŋmu?qolaylama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to improve? | olqolaylamağa qoydumu?qolaylama qoydumu?did he allow someone to improve? | bizqolaylamağa qoyduqmu?qolaylama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to improve? | sizqolaylamağa qoyduğuzmu?qolaylama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to improve? | alaqolaylamağa qoydulamı?qolaylama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to improve? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqolaylamağa qoymadımmı?qolaylama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to improve? | senqolaylamağa qoymadıŋmı?qolaylama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to improve? | olqolaylamağa qoymadımı?qolaylama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to improve? | bizqolaylamağa qoymadıqmı?qolaylama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to improve? | sizqolaylamağa qoymadığızmı?qolaylama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to improve? | alaqolaylamağa qoymadılamı?qolaylama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to improve? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
qolaylayalırğa be able to improve · qolaylayalmazğa be unable to improve
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menqolaylayalamaI can improve | senqolaylayalasayou can improve | olqolaylayaladıhe can improve | bizqolaylayalabızwe can improve | sizqolaylayalasızyou all can improve | alaqolaylayaladılathey can improve |
| Ability — present | menqolaylayalmaymaI can't improve | senqolaylayalmaysayou can't improve | olqolaylayalmaydıhe can't improve | bizqolaylayalmaybızwe can't improve | sizqolaylayalmaysızyou all can't improve | alaqolaylayalmaydılathey can't improve |
| Ability — present | menqolaylayalamamı? qolaylayalamıma?can I improve? | senqolaylayalamısa?can you improve? | olqolaylayalamıdı?can he improve? | bizqolaylayalabızmı? qolaylayalamıbız?can we improve? | sizqolaylayalamısız?can you all improve? | alaqolaylayalamıdıla?can they improve? |
| Ability — present | menqolaylayalmaymamı? qolaylayalmaymıma?can't I improve? | senqolaylayalmaymısa?can't you improve? | olqolaylayalmaymıdı?can't he improve? | bizqolaylayalmaybızmı? qolaylayalmaymıbız?can't we improve? | sizqolaylayalmaymısız?can't you all improve? | alaqolaylayalmaymıdıla?can't they improve? |
| Ability — if I can… | menqolaylayalsamif I can improve | senqolaylayalsaŋif you can improve | olqolaylayalsaif he can improve | bizqolaylayalsaqif we can improve | sizqolaylayalsağızif you all can improve | alaqolaylayalsalaif they can improve |
| Ability — if I can… | menqolaylayalmasamif I can't improve | senqolaylayalmasaŋif you can't improve | olqolaylayalmasaif he can't improve | bizqolaylayalmasaqif we can't improve | sizqolaylayalmasağızif you all can't improve | alaqolaylayalmasalaif they can't improve |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menqolaylayaldımI was able to improve | senqolaylayaldıŋyou were able to improve | olqolaylayaldıhe was able to improve | bizqolaylayaldıqwe were able to improve | sizqolaylayaldığızyou all were able to improve | alaqolaylayaldılathey were able to improve |
| Ability — simple past | menqolaylayalmadımI could not improve | senqolaylayalmadıŋyou could not improve | olqolaylayalmadıhe could not improve | bizqolaylayalmadıqwe could not improve | sizqolaylayalmadığızyou all could not improve | alaqolaylayalmadılathey could not improve |
| Ability — simple past | menqolaylayaldımmı?was I able to improve? | senqolaylayaldıŋmı?were you able to improve? | olqolaylayaldımı?was he able to improve? | bizqolaylayaldıqmı?were we able to improve? | sizqolaylayaldığızmı?were you all able to improve? | alaqolaylayaldılamı?were they able to improve? |
| Ability — simple past | menqolaylayalmadımmı?couldn't I improve? | senqolaylayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you improve? | olqolaylayalmadımı?couldn't he improve? | bizqolaylayalmadıqmı?couldn't we improve? | sizqolaylayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all improve? | alaqolaylayalmadılamı?couldn't they improve? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqolaylayalğanmaI have been able to improve | senqolaylayalğansayou have been able to improve | olqolaylayalğandıhe has been able to improve | bizqolaylayalğanbızwe have been able to improve | sizqolaylayalğansızyou all have been able to improve | alaqolaylayalğandılathey have been able to improve |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqolaylayalmağanmaI haven't been able to improve | senqolaylayalmağansayou haven't been able to improve | olqolaylayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to improve | bizqolaylayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to improve | sizqolaylayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to improve | alaqolaylayalmağandılathey haven't been able to improve |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqolaylayalğanmamı? qolaylayalğanmıma?have I been able to improve? | senqolaylayalğanmısa?have you been able to improve? | olqolaylayalğanmıdı?has he been able to improve? | bizqolaylayalğanbızmı? qolaylayalğanmıbız?have we been able to improve? | sizqolaylayalğanmısız?have you all been able to improve? | alaqolaylayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to improve? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqolaylayalmağanmamı? qolaylayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to improve? | senqolaylayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to improve? | olqolaylayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to improve? | bizqolaylayalmağanbızmı? qolaylayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to improve? | sizqolaylayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to improve? | alaqolaylayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to improve? |
| Ability — past perfect | menqolaylayalğan edimqolaylayalğanemI had been able to improve | senqolaylayalğan ediŋqolaylayalğaneŋyou had been able to improve | olqolaylayalğan ediqolaylayalğanedhe had been able to improve | bizqolaylayalğan edikqolaylayalğanekwe had been able to improve | sizqolaylayalğan edigizqolaylayalğanegizyou all had been able to improve | alaqolaylayalğan edileqolaylayalğanellethey had been able to improve |
| Ability — past perfect | menqolaylayalmağan edimqolaylayalmağanemI hadn't been able to improve | senqolaylayalmağan ediŋqolaylayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to improve | olqolaylayalmağan ediqolaylayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to improve | bizqolaylayalmağan edikqolaylayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to improve | sizqolaylayalmağan edigizqolaylayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to improve | alaqolaylayalmağan edileqolaylayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to improve |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menqolaylayala edimqolaylayalaemI could improve | senqolaylayala ediŋqolaylayalaeŋyou could improve | olqolaylayala ediqolaylayalaedhe could improve | bizqolaylayala edikqolaylayalaekwe could improve | sizqolaylayala edigizqolaylayalaegizyou all could improve | alaqolaylayala edileqolaylayalaellethey could improve |
| Ability — past background | menqolaylayalmay edimqolaylayalmayemI could not improve | senqolaylayalmay ediŋqolaylayalmayeŋyou could not improve | olqolaylayalmay ediqolaylayalmayedhe could not improve | bizqolaylayalmay edikqolaylayalmayekwe could not improve | sizqolaylayalmay edigizqolaylayalmayegizyou all could not improve | alaqolaylayalmay edileqolaylayalmayellethey could not improve |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menqolaylayalırmaI will be able to improve | senqolaylayalırsayou will be able to improve | olqolaylayalırhe will be able to improve | bizqolaylayalırbızwe will be able to improve | sizqolaylayalırsızyou all will be able to improve | alaqolaylayalırlathey will be able to improve |
| Ability — future I | menqolaylayalmazmaI won't be able to improve | senqolaylayalmazsayou won't be able to improve | olqolaylayalmazhe won't be able to improve | bizqolaylayalmazbızwe won't be able to improve | sizqolaylayalmazsızyou all won't be able to improve | alaqolaylayalmazlathey won't be able to improve |
| Ability — future I | menqolaylayalırmamı? qolaylayalırmıma?will I be able to improve? | senqolaylayalırmısa?will you be able to improve? | olqolaylayalırmı?will he be able to improve? | bizqolaylayalırbızmı? qolaylayalırmıbız?will we be able to improve? | sizqolaylayalırmısız?will you all be able to improve? | alaqolaylayalırlamı? qolaylayalırmıla?will they be able to improve? |
| Ability — future I | menqolaylayalmazmamı? qolaylayalmazmıma?won't I be able to improve? | senqolaylayalmazmısa?won't you be able to improve? | olqolaylayalmazmı?won't he be able to improve? | bizqolaylayalmazbızmı? qolaylayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to improve? | sizqolaylayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to improve? | alaqolaylayalmazlamı? qolaylayalmazmıla?won't they be able to improve? |
| Ability — future II | menqolaylayallıqmaI am going to be able to improve | senqolaylayallıqsayou are going to be able to improve | olqolaylayallıqdıhe is going to be able to improve | bizqolaylayallıqbızwe are going to be able to improve | sizqolaylayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to improve | alaqolaylayallıqdılathey are going to be able to improve |
| Ability — future II | menqolaylayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to improve | senqolaylayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to improve | olqolaylayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to improve | bizqolaylayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to improve | sizqolaylayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to improve | alaqolaylayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to improve |
| Ability — future II | menqolaylayallıqmamı? qolaylayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to improve? | senqolaylayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to improve? | olqolaylayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to improve? | bizqolaylayallıqbızmı? qolaylayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to improve? | sizqolaylayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to improve? | alaqolaylayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to improve? |
| Ability — future II | menqolaylayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to improve? | senqolaylayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to improve? | olqolaylayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to improve? | bizqolaylayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to improve? | sizqolaylayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to improve? | alaqolaylayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to improve? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqolaylayalır edimqolaylayalır emI would be able to improve | senqolaylayalır ediŋqolaylayalır eŋyou would be able to improve | olqolaylayalır ediqolaylayalır edhe would be able to improve | bizqolaylayalır edikqolaylayalır ekwe would be able to improve | sizqolaylayalır edigizqolaylayalır egizyou all would be able to improve | alaqolaylayalır edileqolaylayalır ellethey would be able to improve |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqolaylayalmaz edimqolaylayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to improve | senqolaylayalmaz ediŋqolaylayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to improve | olqolaylayalmaz ediqolaylayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to improve | bizqolaylayalmaz edikqolaylayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to improve | sizqolaylayalmaz edigizqolaylayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to improve | alaqolaylayalmaz edileqolaylayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to improve |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqolaylayalğınqolaylayalğımay you be able to improve | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqolaylayalmağınqolaylayalmağımay you not be able to improve | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menqolaylarğa izleymeI want to improve | senqolaylarğa izleyseyou want to improve | olqolaylarğa izleydihe wants to improve | bizqolaylarğa izleybizwe want to improve | sizqolaylarğa izleysizyou all want to improve | alaqolaylarğa izleydilethey want to improve |
| want to | menqolaylarğa izlemeymeI do not want to improve | senqolaylarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to improve | olqolaylarğa izlemeydihe does not want to improve | bizqolaylarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to improve | sizqolaylarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to improve | alaqolaylarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to improve |
| would like to | menqolaylarğa süemeI would like to improve | senqolaylarğa süeseyou would like to improve | olqolaylarğa süedihe would like to improve | bizqolaylarğa süebizwe would like to improve | sizqolaylarğa süesizyou all would like to improve | alaqolaylarğa süedilethey would like to improve |
| would like to | menqolaylarğa süymeymeI would not like to improve | senqolaylarğa süymeyseyou would not like to improve | olqolaylarğa süymeydihe would not like to improve | bizqolaylarğa süymeybizwe would not like to improve | sizqolaylarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to improve | alaqolaylarğa süymeydilethey would not like to improve |
| hope to | menqolaylarğa umutlanamaI hope to improve | senqolaylarğa umutlanasayou hope to improve | olqolaylarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to improve | bizqolaylarğa umutlanabızwe hope to improve | sizqolaylarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to improve | alaqolaylarğa umutlanadılathey hope to improve |
| hope to | menqolaylarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to improve | senqolaylarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to improve | olqolaylarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to improve | bizqolaylarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to improve | sizqolaylarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to improve | alaqolaylarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to improve |
| be about to | menqolaylarğa deb turamaI am about to improve | senqolaylarğa deb turasayou are about to improve | olqolaylarğa deb turadıhe is about to improve | bizqolaylarğa deb turabızwe are about to improve | sizqolaylarğa deb turasızyou all are about to improve | alaqolaylarğa deb turadılathey are about to improve |
| be about to | menqolaylarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to improve | senqolaylarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to improve | olqolaylarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to improve | bizqolaylarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to improve | sizqolaylarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to improve | alaqolaylarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to improve |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menqolaylarğa kerekmeI need to improve | senqolaylarğa kerekseyou need to improve | olqolaylarğa kerekdihe needs to improve | bizqolaylarğa kerekbizwe need to improve | sizqolaylarğa kereksizyou all need to improve | alaqolaylarğa kerekdilethey need to improve |
| need to | menqolaylarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to improve | senqolaylarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to improve | olqolaylarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to improve | bizqolaylarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to improve | sizqolaylarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to improve | alaqolaylarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to improve |
| have to | menmenŋe qolaylarğa tüşediI have to improve | sensenŋe qolaylarğa tüşediyou have to improve | olaŋa qolaylarğa tüşedihe has to improve | bizbizge qolaylarğa tüşediwe have to improve | sizsizge qolaylarğa tüşediyou all have to improve | alaalağa qolaylarğa tüşedithey have to improve |
| have to | menmenŋe qolaylarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to improve | sensenŋe qolaylarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to improve | olaŋa qolaylarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to improve | bizbizge qolaylarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to improve | sizsizge qolaylarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to improve | alaalağa qolaylarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to improve |
| be obliged to | menqolaylarğa borçlumaI am obliged to improve | senqolaylarğa borçlusayou are obliged to improve | olqolaylarğa borçluduhe is obliged to improve | bizqolaylarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to improve | sizqolaylarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to improve | alaqolaylarğa borçludulathey are obliged to improve |
| be obliged to | menqolaylarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to improve | senqolaylarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to improve | olqolaylarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to improve | bizqolaylarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to improve | sizqolaylarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to improve | alaqolaylarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to improve |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menqolaylarğa madarım bardıI have a way to improve | senqolaylarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to improve | olqolaylarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to improve | bizqolaylarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to improve | sizqolaylarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to improve | alaqolaylarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to improve |
| have a way to | menqolaylarğa madarım joqduI have no way to improve | senqolaylarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to improve | olqolaylarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to improve | bizqolaylarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to improve | sizqolaylarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to improve | alaqolaylarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to improve |
| be free to | menqolaylarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to improve | senqolaylarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to improve | olqolaylarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to improve | bizqolaylarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to improve | sizqolaylarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to improve | alaqolaylarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to improve |
| be free to | menqolaylarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to improve | senqolaylarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to improve | olqolaylarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to improve | bizqolaylarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to improve | sizqolaylarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to improve | alaqolaylarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to improve |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qolaylarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to improve | sensenŋe qolaylarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to improve | olaŋa qolaylarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to improve | bizbizge qolaylarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to improve | sizsizge qolaylarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to improve | alaalağa qolaylarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to improve |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qolaylarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to improve | sensenŋe qolaylarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to improve | olaŋa qolaylarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to improve | bizbizge qolaylarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to improve | sizsizge qolaylarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to improve | alaalağa qolaylarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to improve |
| be ready to | menqolaylarğa hazırmaI am ready to improve | senqolaylarğa hazırsayou are ready to improve | olqolaylarğa hazırdıhe is ready to improve | bizqolaylarğa hazırbızwe are ready to improve | sizqolaylarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to improve | alaqolaylarğa hazırdılathey are ready to improve |
| be ready to | menqolaylarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to improve | senqolaylarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to improve | olqolaylarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to improve | bizqolaylarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to improve | sizqolaylarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to improve | alaqolaylarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to improve |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menqolaylarğa küreşemeI am trying to improve | senqolaylarğa küreşeseyou are trying to improve | olqolaylarğa küreşedihe is trying to improve | bizqolaylarğa küreşebizwe are trying to improve | sizqolaylarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to improve | alaqolaylarğa küreşedilethey are trying to improve |
| try to | menqolaylarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to improve | senqolaylarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to improve | olqolaylarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to improve | bizqolaylarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to improve | sizqolaylarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to improve | alaqolaylarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to improve |
| agree to | menqolaylarğa unaymaI agree to improve | senqolaylarğa unaysayou agree to improve | olqolaylarğa unaydıhe agrees to improve | bizqolaylarğa unaybızwe agree to improve | sizqolaylarğa unaysızyou all agree to improve | alaqolaylarğa unaydılathey agree to improve |
| agree to | menqolaylarğa unamaymaI refuse to improve | senqolaylarğa unamaysayou refuse to improve | olqolaylarğa unamaydıhe refuses to improve | bizqolaylarğa unamaybızwe refuse to improve | sizqolaylarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to improve | alaqolaylarğa unamaydılathey refuse to improve |
| hurry to | menqolaylarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to improve | senqolaylarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to improve | olqolaylarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to improve | bizqolaylarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to improve | sizqolaylarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to improve | alaqolaylarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to improve |
| hurry to | menqolaylarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to improve | senqolaylarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to improve | olqolaylarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to improve | bizqolaylarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to improve | sizqolaylarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to improve | alaqolaylarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to improve |
| be afraid to | menqolaylarğa qorqamaI am afraid to improve | senqolaylarğa qorqasayou are afraid to improve | olqolaylarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to improve | bizqolaylarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to improve | sizqolaylarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to improve | alaqolaylarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to improve |
| be afraid to | menqolaylarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to improve | senqolaylarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to improve | olqolaylarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to improve | bizqolaylarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to improve | sizqolaylarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to improve | alaqolaylarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to improve |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menqolaylay bolmazmaI can't be improving | senqolaylay bolmazsayou can't be improving | olqolaylay bolmazhe can't be improving | bizqolaylay bolmazbızwe can't be improving | sizqolaylay bolmazsızyou all can't be improving | alaqolaylay bolmazlathey can't be improving |
| Inference, present — double negation | menqolaylamay bolmazmaI must be improving (emphatic) | senqolaylamay bolmazsayou must be improving (emphatic) | olqolaylamay bolmazhe must be improving (emphatic) | bizqolaylamay bolmazbızwe must be improving (emphatic) | sizqolaylamay bolmazsızyou all must be improving (emphatic) | alaqolaylamay bolmazlathey must be improving (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menqolaylay turmasamif I don't keep improving | senqolaylay turmasaŋif you don't keep improving | olqolaylay turmasaif he doesn't keep improving | bizqolaylay turmasaqif we don't keep improving | sizqolaylay turmasağızif you all don't keep improving | alaqolaylay turmasalaif they don't keep improving |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menqolaylay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of improving | senqolaylay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of improving | olqolaylay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of improving | bizqolaylay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of improving | sizqolaylay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of improving | alaqolaylay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of improving |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menqolaylamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not improving (emphatic) | senqolaylamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not improving (emphatic) | olqolaylamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not improving (emphatic) | bizqolaylamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not improving (emphatic) | sizqolaylamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not improving (emphatic) | alaqolaylamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not improving (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menqolaylamay turamaI keep on not improving | senqolaylamay turasayou keep on not improving | olqolaylamay turadıhe keeps on not improving | bizqolaylamay turabızwe keep on not improving | sizqolaylamay turasızyou all keep on not improving | alaqolaylamay turadılathey keep on not improving |
| Progressive — double negation | menqolaylamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not improving | senqolaylamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not improving | olqolaylamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not improving | bizqolaylamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not improving | sizqolaylamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not improving | alaqolaylamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not improving |
| Progressive — double negation | menqolaylamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not improving? | senqolaylamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not improving? | olqolaylamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not improving? | bizqolaylamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not improving? | sizqolaylamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not improving? | alaqolaylamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not improving? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menqolaylağan bolmazmaI can't have improved | senqolaylağan bolmazsayou can't have improved | olqolaylağan bolmazhe can't have improved | bizqolaylağan bolmazbızwe can't have improved | sizqolaylağan bolmazsızyou all can't have improved | alaqolaylağan bolmazlathey can't have improved |
| Inference — double negation | menqolaylamağan bolmazmaI must have improved (emphatic) | senqolaylamağan bolmazsayou must have improved (emphatic) | olqolaylamağan bolmazhe must have improved (emphatic) | bizqolaylamağan bolmazbızwe must have improved (emphatic) | sizqolaylamağan bolmazsızyou all must have improved (emphatic) | alaqolaylamağan bolmazlathey must have improved (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menqolaylağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had improved | senqolaylağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had improved | olqolaylağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had improved | bizqolaylağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had improved | sizqolaylağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had improved | alaqolaylağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had improved |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menqolaylamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't improved | senqolaylamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't improved | olqolaylamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't improved | bizqolaylamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't improved | sizqolaylamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't improved | alaqolaylamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't improved |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menqolaylarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to improve | senqolaylarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to improve | olqolaylarıq bolmazhe can't be going to improve | bizqolaylarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to improve | sizqolaylarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to improve | alaqolaylarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to improve |
| Inference, future — double negation | menqolaylamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to improve (emphatic) | senqolaylamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to improve (emphatic) | olqolaylamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to improve (emphatic) | bizqolaylamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to improve (emphatic) | sizqolaylamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to improve (emphatic) | alaqolaylamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to improve (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menqolaylarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to improve | senqolaylarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to improve | olqolaylarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to improve | bizqolaylarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to improve | sizqolaylarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to improve | alaqolaylarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to improve |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menqolaylamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to improve | senqolaylamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to improve | olqolaylamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to improve | bizqolaylamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to improve | sizqolaylamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to improve | alaqolaylamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to improve |