igilendirirge
/iɡilendirirɡe/
improve, make better, perfect
- işni igilendirirge — to improve the work
- jolnu igilendirirge — to improve the road
- jaşawnu igilendirirge — to make life better
- bizni jaşawubuznu igilendirirge — to improve our life
- jarlı halqnı jaşawun igilendirirge — to improve the life of the poor people
- biz işibizni igilendirdik — we improved our work
- ol jaşawun igilendirdi — he improved his life
- buday urluqnu igilendirirge kerekdi — the wheat seed must be improved
- produktsiyanı ağaçın igilendirirge — to improve the quality of the products
Conjugation
Common forms
- igilendiredihe is improving
- igilendirdihe improved
- igilendirgendihe has improved
- igilendirirhe will improve
- igilendirlikdihe is going to improve
- igilendire edihe was improving
- igilendirseif he improves
- igilendir!improve!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menigilendiremeI am improving | senigilendireseyou are improving | oligilendiredihe is improving | bizigilendirebizwe are improving | sizigilendiresizyou all are improving | alaigilendiredilethey are improving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menigilendirmeymeI am not improving | senigilendirmeyseyou are not improving | oligilendirmeydihe is not improving | bizigilendirmeybizwe are not improving | sizigilendirmeysizyou all are not improving | alaigilendirmeydilethey are not improving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menigilendirememi? igilendiremime?am I improving? | senigilendiremise?are you improving? | oligilendiremidi?is he improving? | bizigilendirebizmi? igilendiremibiz?are we improving? | sizigilendiremisiz?are you all improving? | alaigilendiremidile?are they improving? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menigilendirmeymemi? igilendirmeymime?aren't I improving? | senigilendirmeymise?aren't you improving? | oligilendirmeymidi?isn't he improving? | bizigilendirmeybizmi? igilendirmeymibiz?aren't we improving? | sizigilendirmeymisiz?aren't you all improving? | alaigilendirmeymidile?aren't they improving? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menigilendiriwçenmeI usually improve | senigilendiriwçenseyou usually improve | oligilendiriwçendihe usually improves | bizigilendiriwçenbizwe usually improve | sizigilendiriwçensizyou all usually improve | alaigilendiriwçendilethey usually improve |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menigilendirmewçenmeI usually don't improve | senigilendirmewçenseyou usually don't improve | oligilendirmewçendihe usually doesn't improve | bizigilendirmewçenbizwe usually don't improve | sizigilendirmewçensizyou all usually don't improve | alaigilendirmewçendilethey usually don't improve |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menigilendiriwçenmemi? igilendiriwçenmime?do I usually improve? | senigilendiriwçenmise?do you usually improve? | oligilendiriwçenmidi?does he usually improve? | bizigilendiriwçenbizmi? igilendiriwçenmibiz?do we usually improve? | sizigilendiriwçenmisiz?do you all usually improve? | alaigilendiriwçenmidile?do they usually improve? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menigilendirmewçenmemi? igilendirmewçenmime?do I usually not improve? | senigilendirmewçenmise?do you usually not improve? | oligilendirmewçenmidi?does he usually not improve? | bizigilendirmewçenbizmi? igilendirmewçenmibiz?do we usually not improve? | sizigilendirmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not improve? | alaigilendirmewçenmidile?do they usually not improve? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oligilendiribdihe has improved and remains so | alaigilendiribdilethey have improved and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oligilendiribmidi?has he improved? | alaigilendiribmidile?have they improved? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menigilendirib turamaI keep improving | senigilendirib turasayou keep improving | oligilendirib turadıhe keeps improving | bizigilendirib turabızwe keep improving | sizigilendirib turasızyou all keep improving | alaigilendirib turadılathey keep improving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menigilendirib turmaymaI don't keep improving | senigilendirib turmaysayou don't keep improving | oligilendirib turmaydıhe doesn't keep improving | bizigilendirib turmaybızwe don't keep improving | sizigilendirib turmaysızyou all don't keep improving | alaigilendirib turmaydılathey don't keep improving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menigilendirib turamamı? igilendirib turamıma?do I keep improving? | senigilendirib turamısa?do you keep improving? | oligilendirib turamıdı?does he keep improving? | bizigilendirib turabızmı? igilendirib turamıbız?do we keep improving? | sizigilendirib turamısız?do you all keep improving? | alaigilendirib turamıdıla?do they keep improving? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menigilendirib turmaymamı? igilendirib turmaymıma?don't I keep improving? | senigilendirib turmaymısa?don't you keep improving? | oligilendirib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep improving? | bizigilendirib turmaybızmı? igilendirib turmaymıbız?don't we keep improving? | sizigilendirib turmaymısız?don't you all keep improving? | alaigilendirib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep improving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menigilendire turamaI am in the middle of improving | senigilendire turasayou are in the middle of improving | oligilendire turadıhe is in the middle of improving | bizigilendire turabızwe are in the middle of improving | sizigilendire turasızyou all are in the middle of improving | alaigilendire turadılathey are in the middle of improving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menigilendire turmaymaI am not in the middle of improving | senigilendire turmaysayou are not in the middle of improving | oligilendire turmaydıhe is not in the middle of improving | bizigilendire turmaybızwe are not in the middle of improving | sizigilendire turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of improving | alaigilendire turmaydılathey are not in the middle of improving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menigilendire turamamı? igilendire turamıma?am I in the middle of improving? | senigilendire turamısa?are you in the middle of improving? | oligilendire turamıdı?is he in the middle of improving? | bizigilendire turabızmı? igilendire turamıbız?are we in the middle of improving? | sizigilendire turamısız?are you all in the middle of improving? | alaigilendire turamıdıla?are they in the middle of improving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menigilendire turmaymamı? igilendire turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of improving? | senigilendire turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of improving? | oligilendire turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of improving? | bizigilendire turmaybızmı? igilendire turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of improving? | sizigilendire turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of improving? | alaigilendire turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of improving? |
| Simple past (definite) | menigilendirdimI improved | senigilendirdiŋyou improved | oligilendirdihe improved | bizigilendirdikwe improved | sizigilendirdigizyou all improved | alaigilendirdilethey improved |
| Simple past (definite) | menigilendirmedimI didn't improve | senigilendirmediŋyou didn't improve | oligilendirmedihe didn't improve | bizigilendirmedikwe didn't improve | sizigilendirmedigizyou all didn't improve | alaigilendirmedilethey didn't improve |
| Simple past (definite) | menigilendirdimmi?did I improve? | senigilendirdiŋmi?did you improve? | oligilendirdimi?did he improve? | bizigilendirdikmi?did we improve? | sizigilendirdigizmi?did you all improve? | alaigilendirdilemi?did they improve? |
| Simple past (definite) | menigilendirmedimmi?didn't I improve? | senigilendirmediŋmi?didn't you improve? | oligilendirmedimi?didn't he improve? | bizigilendirmedikmi?didn't we improve? | sizigilendirmedigizmi?didn't you all improve? | alaigilendirmedilemi?didn't they improve? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menigilendirgenmeI have improved | senigilendirgenseyou have improved | oligilendirgendihe has improved | bizigilendirgenbizwe have improved | sizigilendirgensizyou all have improved | alaigilendirgendilethey have improved |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menigilendirmegenmeI haven't improved | senigilendirmegenseyou haven't improved | oligilendirmegendihe hasn't improved | bizigilendirmegenbizwe haven't improved | sizigilendirmegensizyou all haven't improved | alaigilendirmegendilethey haven't improved |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menigilendirgenmemi? igilendirgenmime?have I improved? | senigilendirgenmise?have you improved? | oligilendirgenmidi?has he improved? | bizigilendirgenbizmi? igilendirgenmibiz?have we improved? | sizigilendirgenmisiz?have you all improved? | alaigilendirgenmidile?have they improved? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menigilendirmegenmemi? igilendirmegenmime?haven't I improved? | senigilendirmegenmise?haven't you improved? | oligilendirmegenmidi?hasn't he improved? | bizigilendirmegenbizmi? igilendirmegenmibiz?haven't we improved? | sizigilendirmegenmisiz?haven't you all improved? | alaigilendirmegenmidile?haven't they improved? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menigilendirib turdumI kept improving | senigilendirib turduŋyou kept improving | oligilendirib turduhe kept improving | bizigilendirib turduqwe kept improving | sizigilendirib turduğuzyou all kept improving | alaigilendirib turdulathey kept improving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menigilendirib turmadımI didn't keep improving | senigilendirib turmadıŋyou didn't keep improving | oligilendirib turmadıhe didn't keep improving | bizigilendirib turmadıqwe didn't keep improving | sizigilendirib turmadığızyou all didn't keep improving | alaigilendirib turmadılathey didn't keep improving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menigilendirirmeI will improve | senigilendirirseyou will improve | oligilendirirhe will improve | bizigilendirirbizwe will improve | sizigilendirirsizyou all will improve | alaigilendirirlethey will improve |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menigilendirmezmeI won't improve | senigilendirmezseyou won't improve | oligilendirmezhe won't improve | bizigilendirmezbizwe won't improve | sizigilendirmezsizyou all won't improve | alaigilendirmezlethey won't improve |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menigilendirirmemi? igilendirirmime?will I improve? | senigilendirirmise?will you improve? | oligilendirirmi?will he improve? | bizigilendirirbizmi? igilendirirmibiz?will we improve? | sizigilendirirmisiz?will you all improve? | alaigilendirirlemi? igilendirirmile?will they improve? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menigilendirmezmemi? igilendirmezmime?won't I improve? | senigilendirmezmise?won't you improve? | oligilendirmezmi?won't he improve? | bizigilendirmezbizmi? igilendirmezmibiz?won't we improve? | sizigilendirmezmisiz?won't you all improve? | alaigilendirmezlemi? igilendirmezmile?won't they improve? |
| Definite future (future II) | menigilendirlikme1igilendirrikmeI am going to improve | senigilendirlikse1igilendirrikseyou are going to improve | oligilendirlikdi1igilendirrikdihe is going to improve | bizigilendirlikbiz1igilendirrikbizwe are going to improve | sizigilendirliksiz1igilendirriksizyou all are going to improve | alaigilendirlikdile1igilendirrikdilethey are going to improve |
| Definite future (future II) | menigilendirlik tülme1igilendirrik tülmeI am not going to improve | senigilendirlik tülse1igilendirrik tülseyou are not going to improve | oligilendirlik tüldü1igilendirrik tüldühe is not going to improve | bizigilendirlik tülbüz1igilendirrik tülbüzwe are not going to improve | sizigilendirlik tülsüz1igilendirrik tülsüzyou all are not going to improve | alaigilendirlik tüldüle1igilendirrik tüldülethey are not going to improve |
| Definite future (future II) | menigilendirlikmemi?1 igilendirlikmime?igilendirrikmemi?am I going to improve? | senigilendirlikmise?1igilendirrikmise?are you going to improve? | oligilendirlikmidi?1igilendirrikmidi?is he going to improve? | bizigilendirlikbizmi?1 igilendirlikmibiz?igilendirrikbizmi?are we going to improve? | sizigilendirlikmisiz?1igilendirrikmisiz?are you all going to improve? | alaigilendirlikmidile?1igilendirrikmidile?are they going to improve? |
| Definite future (future II) | menigilendirlik tülmüme?1igilendirrik tülmüme?aren't I going to improve? | senigilendirlik tülmüse?1igilendirrik tülmüse?aren't you going to improve? | oligilendirlik tülmüdü?1igilendirrik tülmüdü?isn't he going to improve? | bizigilendirlik tülmübüz?1igilendirrik tülmübüz?aren't we going to improve? | sizigilendirlik tülmüsüz?1igilendirrik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to improve? | alaigilendirlik tülmüdüle?1igilendirrik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to improve? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so igilendirrikdi
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menigilendirgen edimigilendirgenemI had improved | senigilendirgen ediŋigilendirgeneŋyou had improved | oligilendirgen ediigilendirgenedhe had improved | bizigilendirgen edikigilendirgenekwe had improved | sizigilendirgen edigizigilendirgenegizyou all had improved | alaigilendirgen edileigilendirgenellethey had improved |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menigilendirmegen edimigilendirmegenemI hadn't improved | senigilendirmegen ediŋigilendirmegeneŋyou hadn't improved | oligilendirmegen ediigilendirmegenedhe hadn't improved | bizigilendirmegen edikigilendirmegenekwe hadn't improved | sizigilendirmegen edigizigilendirmegenegizyou all hadn't improved | alaigilendirmegen edileigilendirmegenellethey hadn't improved |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menigilendire edimigilendiremI was improving | senigilendire ediŋigilendireŋyou were improving | oligilendire ediigilendiredhe was improving | bizigilendire edikigilendirekwe were improving | sizigilendire edigizigilendiregizyou all were improving | alaigilendire edileigilendirellethey were improving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menigilendirmey edimigilendirmeyemI wasn't improving | senigilendirmey ediŋigilendirmeyeŋyou weren't improving | oligilendirmey ediigilendirmeyedhe wasn't improving | bizigilendirmey edikigilendirmeyekwe weren't improving | sizigilendirmey edigizigilendirmeyegizyou all weren't improving | alaigilendirmey edileigilendirmeyellethey weren't improving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menigilendiriwçen edimigilendiriwçenemI used to improve | senigilendiriwçen ediŋigilendiriwçeneŋyou used to improve | oligilendiriwçen ediigilendiriwçenedhe used to improve | bizigilendiriwçen edikigilendiriwçenekwe used to improve | sizigilendiriwçen edigizigilendiriwçenegizyou all used to improve | alaigilendiriwçen edileigilendiriwçenellethey used to improve |
| Habitual past (used to) | menigilendirmewçen edimigilendirmewçenemI didn't use to improve | senigilendirmewçen ediŋigilendirmewçeneŋyou didn't use to improve | oligilendirmewçen ediigilendirmewçenedhe didn't use to improve | bizigilendirmewçen edikigilendirmewçenekwe didn't use to improve | sizigilendirmewçen edigizigilendirmewçenegizyou all didn't use to improve | alaigilendirmewçen edileigilendirmewçenellethey didn't use to improve |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oligilendirib edihe had improved and remained so | alaigilendirib edilethey had improved and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oligilendirib tül edihe hadn't improved | alaigilendirib tül edilethey hadn't improved | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menigilendirib tura edimigilendirib turaemI had kept improving | senigilendirib tura ediŋigilendirib turaeŋyou had kept improving | oligilendirib tura ediigilendirib turaedhe had kept improving | bizigilendirib tura edikigilendirib turaekwe had kept improving | sizigilendirib tura edigizigilendirib turaegizyou all had kept improving | alaigilendirib tura edileigilendirib turaellethey had kept improving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menigilendirib turmay edimigilendirib turmayemI hadn't kept improving | senigilendirib turmay ediŋigilendirib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept improving | oligilendirib turmay ediigilendirib turmayedhe hadn't kept improving | bizigilendirib turmay edikigilendirib turmayekwe hadn't kept improving | sizigilendirib turmay edigizigilendirib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept improving | alaigilendirib turmay edileigilendirib turmayellethey hadn't kept improving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menigilendire tura edimigilendire turaemI was in the middle of improving | senigilendire tura ediŋigilendire turaeŋyou were in the middle of improving | oligilendire tura ediigilendire turaedhe was in the middle of improving | bizigilendire tura edikigilendire turaekwe were in the middle of improving | sizigilendire tura edigizigilendire turaegizyou all were in the middle of improving | alaigilendire tura edileigilendire turaellethey were in the middle of improving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menigilendire turmay edimigilendire turmayemI wasn't in the middle of improving | senigilendire turmay ediŋigilendire turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of improving | oligilendire turmay ediigilendire turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of improving | bizigilendire turmay edikigilendire turmayekwe weren't in the middle of improving | sizigilendire turmay edigizigilendire turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of improving | alaigilendire turmay edileigilendire turmayellethey weren't in the middle of improving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menigilendirir edimigilendirir emI would improve | senigilendirir ediŋigilendirir eŋyou would improve | oligilendirir ediigilendirir edhe would improve | bizigilendirir edikigilendirir ekwe would improve | sizigilendirir edigizigilendirir egizyou all would improve | alaigilendirir edileigilendirir ellethey would improve |
| Conditional result (would) | menigilendirmez edimigilendirmez emI wouldn't improve | senigilendirmez ediŋigilendirmez eŋyou wouldn't improve | oligilendirmez ediigilendirmez edhe wouldn't improve | bizigilendirmez edikigilendirmez ekwe wouldn't improve | sizigilendirmez edigizigilendirmez egizyou all wouldn't improve | alaigilendirmez edileigilendirmez ellethey wouldn't improve |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menigilendirlik edim2igilendirlik emigilendirrik edimI would have improved | senigilendirlik ediŋ2igilendirlik eŋigilendirrik ediŋyou would have improved | oligilendirlik edi2igilendirlik edigilendirrik edihe would have improved | bizigilendirlik edik2igilendirlik ekigilendirrik edikwe would have improved | sizigilendirlik edigiz2igilendirlik egizigilendirrik edigizyou all would have improved | alaigilendirlik edile2igilendirlik elleigilendirrik edilethey would have improved |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menigilendirlik tül edim2igilendirlik tül emigilendirrik tül edimI wouldn't have improved | senigilendirlik tül ediŋ2igilendirlik tül eŋigilendirrik tül ediŋyou wouldn't have improved | oligilendirlik tül edi2igilendirlik tül edigilendirrik tül edihe wouldn't have improved | bizigilendirlik tül edik2igilendirlik tül ekigilendirrik tül edikwe wouldn't have improved | sizigilendirlik tül edigiz2igilendirlik tül egizigilendirrik tül edigizyou all wouldn't have improved | alaigilendirlik tül edile2igilendirlik tül elleigilendirrik tül edilethey wouldn't have improved |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so igilendirrik edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menigilendirsemif I improve | senigilendirseŋif you improve | oligilendirseif he improves | bizigilendirsekif we improve | sizigilendirsegizif you all improve | alaigilendirseleif they improve |
| Conditional | menigilendirmesemif I don't improve | senigilendirmeseŋif you don't improve | oligilendirmeseif he doesn't improve | bizigilendirmesekif we don't improve | sizigilendirmesegizif you all don't improve | alaigilendirmeseleif they don't improve |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menigilendire esemif I am improving | senigilendire eseŋif you are improving | oligilendire eseif he is improving | bizigilendire esekif we are improving | sizigilendire esegizif you all are improving | alaigilendire eseleif they are improving |
| Conditional, present real | menigilendirmey esemif I am not improving | senigilendirmey eseŋif you are not improving | oligilendirmey eseif he is not improving | bizigilendirmey esekif we are not improving | sizigilendirmey esegizif you all are not improving | alaigilendirmey eseleif they are not improving |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menigilendirsem ediigilendirsem edif only I improved | senigilendirseŋ ediigilendirseŋ edif only you improved | oligilendirse ediigilendirsedif only he improved | bizigilendirsek ediigilendirsek edif only we improved | sizigilendirsegiz ediigilendirsegiz edif only you all improved | alaigilendirsele ediigilendirseledif only they improved |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menigilendirmesem ediigilendirmesem edif only I didn't improve | senigilendirmeseŋ ediigilendirmeseŋ edif only you didn't improve | oligilendirmese ediigilendirmesedif only he didn't improve | bizigilendirmesek ediigilendirmesek edif only we didn't improve | sizigilendirmesegiz ediigilendirmesegiz edif only you all didn't improve | alaigilendirmesele ediigilendirmeseledif only they didn't improve |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menigilendirib tursamif I carry on improving | senigilendirib tursaŋif you carry on improving | oligilendirib tursaif he carries on improving | bizigilendirib tursaqif we carry on improving | sizigilendirib tursağızif you all carry on improving | alaigilendirib tursalaif they carry on improving |
| Durative conditional | menigilendirib turmasamif I don't carry on improving | senigilendirib turmasaŋif you don't carry on improving | oligilendirib turmasaif he doesn't carry on improving | bizigilendirib turmasaqif we don't carry on improving | sizigilendirib turmasağızif you all don't carry on improving | alaigilendirib turmasalaif they don't carry on improving |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menigilendirib tura esemif I have kept improving | senigilendirib tura eseŋif you have kept improving | oligilendirib tura eseif he has kept improving | bizigilendirib tura esekif we have kept improving | sizigilendirib tura esegizif you all have kept improving | alaigilendirib tura eseleif they have kept improving |
| Durative conditional, present real | menigilendirib turmay esemif I haven't kept improving | senigilendirib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept improving | oligilendirib turmay eseif he hasn't kept improving | bizigilendirib turmay esekif we haven't kept improving | sizigilendirib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept improving | alaigilendirib turmay eseleif they haven't kept improving |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menigilendire tursamif I keep improving | senigilendire tursaŋif you keep improving | oligilendire tursaif he keeps improving | bizigilendire tursaqif we keep improving | sizigilendire tursağızif you all keep improving | alaigilendire tursalaif they keep improving |
| Progressive conditional | menigilendirmey tursamif I keep on not improving | senigilendirmey tursaŋif you keep on not improving | oligilendirmey tursaif he keeps on not improving | bizigilendirmey tursaqif we keep on not improving | sizigilendirmey tursağızif you all keep on not improving | alaigilendirmey tursalaif they keep on not improving |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menigilendire tura esemif I am in the middle of improving | senigilendire tura eseŋif you are in the middle of improving | oligilendire tura eseif he is in the middle of improving | bizigilendire tura esekif we are in the middle of improving | sizigilendire tura esegizif you all are in the middle of improving | alaigilendire tura eseleif they are in the middle of improving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menigilendirmey tura esemif I keep on not improving | senigilendirmey tura eseŋif you keep on not improving | oligilendirmey tura eseif he keeps on not improving | bizigilendirmey tura esekif we keep on not improving | sizigilendirmey tura esegizif you all keep on not improving | alaigilendirmey tura eseleif they keep on not improving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menigilendirdim esemif I improved | senigilendirdiŋ eseŋif you improved | oligilendirdi eseif he improved | bizigilendirdik esekif we improved | sizigilendirdigiz esegizif you all improved | alaigilendirdile eseleif they improved |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menigilendirmedim esemif I didn't improve | senigilendirmediŋ eseŋif you didn't improve | oligilendirmedi eseif he didn't improve | bizigilendirmedik esekif we didn't improve | sizigilendirmedigiz esegizif you all didn't improve | alaigilendirmedile eseleif they didn't improve |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menigilendirgen esemif I did improve (indeed) | senigilendirgen eseŋif you did improve (indeed) | oligilendirgen eseif he did improve (indeed) | bizigilendirgen esekif we did improve (indeed) | sizigilendirgen esegizif you all did improve (indeed) | alaigilendirgen eseleif they did improve (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menigilendirmegen esemif I didn't improve (indeed) | senigilendirmegen eseŋif you didn't improve (indeed) | oligilendirmegen eseif he didn't improve (indeed) | bizigilendirmegen esekif we didn't improve (indeed) | sizigilendirmegen esegizif you all didn't improve (indeed) | alaigilendirmegen eseleif they didn't improve (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menigilendirgen bolsamif I had improved | senigilendirgen bolsaŋif you had improved | oligilendirgen bolsaif he had improved | bizigilendirgen bolsaqif we had improved | sizigilendirgen bolsağızif you all had improved | alaigilendirgen bolsalaif they had improved |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menigilendirmegen bolsamif I hadn't improved | senigilendirmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't improved | oligilendirmegen bolsaif he hadn't improved | bizigilendirmegen bolsaqif we hadn't improved | sizigilendirmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't improved | alaigilendirmegen bolsalaif they hadn't improved |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menigilendirgen bolsam ediigilendirgen bolsam edif only I had improved | senigilendirgen bolsaŋ ediigilendirgen bolsaŋ edif only you had improved | oligilendirgen bolsa ediigilendirgen bolsaedif only he had improved | bizigilendirgen bolsaq ediigilendirgen bolsaq edif only we had improved | sizigilendirgen bolsağız ediigilendirgen bolsağız edif only you all had improved | alaigilendirgen bolsala ediigilendirgen bolsalaedif only they had improved |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menigilendirmegen bolsam ediigilendirmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't improved | senigilendirmegen bolsaŋ ediigilendirmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't improved | oligilendirmegen bolsa ediigilendirmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't improved | bizigilendirmegen bolsaq ediigilendirmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't improved | sizigilendirmegen bolsağız ediigilendirmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't improved | alaigilendirmegen bolsala ediigilendirmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't improved |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menigilendirir esemif I will improve | senigilendirir eseŋif you will improve | oligilendirir eseif he will improve | bizigilendirir esekif we will improve | sizigilendirir esegizif you all will improve | alaigilendirir eseleif they will improve |
| Conditional, aorist | menigilendirmez esemif I won't improve | senigilendirmez eseŋif you won't improve | oligilendirmez eseif he won't improve | bizigilendirmez esekif we won't improve | sizigilendirmez esegizif you all won't improve | alaigilendirmez eseleif they won't improve |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menigilendirlik esem4igilendirrik esemif I am going to improve | senigilendirlik eseŋ4igilendirrik eseŋif you are going to improve | oligilendirlik ese4igilendirrik eseif he is going to improve | bizigilendirlik esek4igilendirrik esekif we are going to improve | sizigilendirlik esegiz4igilendirrik esegizif you all are going to improve | alaigilendirlik esele4igilendirrik eseleif they are going to improve |
| Conditional, future | menigilendirlik tül esem4igilendirrik tül esemif I am not going to improve | senigilendirlik tül eseŋ4igilendirrik tül eseŋif you are not going to improve | oligilendirlik tül ese4igilendirrik tül eseif he is not going to improve | bizigilendirlik tül esek4igilendirrik tül esekif we are not going to improve | sizigilendirlik tül esegiz4igilendirrik tül esegizif you all are not going to improve | alaigilendirlik tül esele4igilendirrik tül eseleif they are not going to improve |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menigilendirlik bolsam5igilendirrik bolsamif I were going to improve | senigilendirlik bolsaŋ5igilendirrik bolsaŋif you were going to improve | oligilendirlik bolsa5igilendirrik bolsaif he were going to improve | bizigilendirlik bolsaq5igilendirrik bolsaqif we were going to improve | sizigilendirlik bolsağız5igilendirrik bolsağızif you all were going to improve | alaigilendirlik bolsala5igilendirrik bolsalaif they were going to improve |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menigilendirmezlik bolsamif I were not going to improve | senigilendirmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to improve | oligilendirmezlik bolsaif he were not going to improve | bizigilendirmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to improve | sizigilendirmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to improve | alaigilendirmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to improve |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso igilendirdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so igilendirrik ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so igilendirrik bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menigilendire bolurmaI must be improving | senigilendire bolursayou must be improving | oligilendire bolurhe must be improving | bizigilendire bolurbuzwe must be improving | sizigilendire bolursuzyou all must be improving | alaigilendire bolurlathey must be improving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menigilendirmey bolurmaI must not be improving | senigilendirmey bolursayou must not be improving | oligilendirmey bolurhe must not be improving | bizigilendirmey bolurbuzwe must not be improving | sizigilendirmey bolursuzyou all must not be improving | alaigilendirmey bolurlathey must not be improving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menigilendire tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of improving | senigilendire tura bolursayou must be in the middle of improving | oligilendire tura bolurhe must be in the middle of improving | bizigilendire tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of improving | sizigilendire tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of improving | alaigilendire tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of improving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menigilendirmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not improving | senigilendirmey tura bolursayou must keep on not improving | oligilendirmey tura bolurhe must keep on not improving | bizigilendirmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not improving | sizigilendirmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not improving | alaigilendirmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not improving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menigilendirgen bolurmaI must have improved | senigilendirgen bolursayou must have improved | oligilendirgen bolurhe must have improved | bizigilendirgen bolurbuzwe must have improved | sizigilendirgen bolursuzyou all must have improved | alaigilendirgen bolurlathey must have improved |
| Inference (must have) | menigilendirmegen bolurmaI must not have improved | senigilendirmegen bolursayou must not have improved | oligilendirmegen bolurhe must not have improved | bizigilendirmegen bolurbuzwe must not have improved | sizigilendirmegen bolursuzyou all must not have improved | alaigilendirmegen bolurlathey must not have improved |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menigilendirlik bolurma6igilendirrik bolurmaI must be going to improve | senigilendirlik bolursa6igilendirrik bolursayou must be going to improve | oligilendirlik bolur6igilendirrik bolurhe must be going to improve | bizigilendirlik bolurbuz6igilendirrik bolurbuzwe must be going to improve | sizigilendirlik bolursuz6igilendirrik bolursuzyou all must be going to improve | alaigilendirlik bolurla6igilendirrik bolurlathey must be going to improve |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menigilendirmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to improve | senigilendirmezlik bolursayou must not be going to improve | oligilendirmezlik bolurhe must not be going to improve | bizigilendirmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to improve | sizigilendirmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to improve | alaigilendirmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to improve |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so igilendirrik bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menigilendireyimlet me improve | senigilendir!improve! | oligilendirsinlet him improve | bizigilendireyiklet's improve | sizigilendirigiz!improve, you all! | alaigilendirsinlelet them improve |
| Commands & suggestions | menigilendirmeyimlet me not improve | senigilendirme!don't improve! | oligilendirmesinlet him not improve | bizigilendirmeyiklet's not improve | sizigilendirmegiz!don't improve, you all! | alaigilendirmesinlelet them not improve |
| Commands & suggestions | menigilendireyimmi?shall I improve? | oligilendirsinmi?should he improve? | bizigilendireyikmi?shall we improve? | alaigilendirsinlemi?should they improve? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menigilendirmeyimmi?shall I not improve? | oligilendirmesinmi?should he not improve? | bizigilendirmeyikmi?shall we not improve? | alaigilendirmesinlemi?should they not improve? | ||
| Requests | senigilendirçi7igilendirçinplease improve | oligilendirsinçido let him improve | sizigilendirçigizplease improve (plural/polite) | alaigilendirsinleçido let them improve | ||
| Requests | senigilendirmeçi7igilendirmeçinplease don't improve | oligilendirmesinçido let him not improve | sizigilendirmeçigizplease don't improve (plural/polite) | alaigilendirmesinleçido let them not improve | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senigilendirginigilendirgimay you improve | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senigilendirmeginigilendirmegimay you not improve | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menigilendirgey edim igilendirge edimwould that I improved | senigilendirgey ediŋ igilendirge ediŋwould that you improved | oligilendirgey edi igilendirge ediwould that he improved | bizigilendirgey edik igilendirge edikwould that we improved | sizigilendirgey edigiz igilendirge edigizwould that you all improved | alaigilendirgey edile igilendirge edilewould that they improved |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menigilendirmegey edim igilendirmege edimwould that I did not improve | senigilendirmegey ediŋ igilendirmege ediŋwould that you did not improve | oligilendirmegey edi igilendirmege ediwould that he did not improve | bizigilendirmegey edik igilendirmege edikwould that we did not improve | sizigilendirmegey edigiz igilendirmege edigizwould that you all did not improve | alaigilendirmegey edile igilendirmege edilewould that they did not improve |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menigilendirmege qoyayımigilendirme qoyayımlet me allow someone to improve | senigilendirmege qoy!igilendirme qoy!let someone improve! | oligilendirmege qoysunigilendirme qoysunlet him allow someone to improve | bizigilendirmege qoyayıqigilendirme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to improve | sizigilendirmege qoyuğuz!igilendirme qoyuğuz!let someone improve, you all! | alaigilendirmege qoysunlaigilendirme qoysunlalet them allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (commands) | menigilendirmege qoymayımigilendirme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to improve | senigilendirmege qoyma!igilendirme qoyma!don't let someone improve! | oligilendirmege qoymasınigilendirme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to improve | bizigilendirmege qoymayıqigilendirme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to improve | sizigilendirmege qoymağız!igilendirme qoymağız!don't let someone improve, you all! | alaigilendirmege qoymasınlaigilendirme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (commands) | menigilendirmege qoyayımmı?igilendirme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to improve? | oligilendirmege qoysunmu?igilendirme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to improve? | bizigilendirmege qoyayıqmı?igilendirme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to improve? | alaigilendirmege qoysunlamı?igilendirme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to improve? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menigilendirmege qoymayımmı?igilendirme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to improve? | oligilendirmege qoymasınmı?igilendirme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to improve? | bizigilendirmege qoymayıqmı?igilendirme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to improve? | alaigilendirmege qoymasınlamı?igilendirme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to improve? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menigilendirmege qoyamaigilendirme qoyamaI allow someone to improve | senigilendirmege qoyasaigilendirme qoyasayou allow someone to improve | oligilendirmege qoyadıigilendirme qoyadıhe allows someone to improve | bizigilendirmege qoyabızigilendirme qoyabızwe allow someone to improve | sizigilendirmege qoyasızigilendirme qoyasızyou all allow someone to improve | alaigilendirmege qoyadılaigilendirme qoyadılathey allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (present) | menigilendirmege qoymaymaigilendirme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to improve | senigilendirmege qoymaysaigilendirme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to improve | oligilendirmege qoymaydıigilendirme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to improve | bizigilendirmege qoymaybızigilendirme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to improve | sizigilendirmege qoymaysızigilendirme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to improve | alaigilendirmege qoymaydılaigilendirme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (present) | menigilendirmege qoyamamı?igilendirme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to improve? | senigilendirmege qoyamısa?igilendirme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to improve? | oligilendirmege qoyamıdı?igilendirme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to improve? | bizigilendirmege qoyabızmı?igilendirme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to improve? | sizigilendirmege qoyamısız?igilendirme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to improve? | alaigilendirmege qoyamıdıla?igilendirme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to improve? |
| Let someone… (present) | menigilendirmege qoymaymamı?igilendirme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to improve? | senigilendirmege qoymaymısa?igilendirme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to improve? | oligilendirmege qoymaymıdı?igilendirme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to improve? | bizigilendirmege qoymaybızmı?igilendirme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to improve? | sizigilendirmege qoymaymısız?igilendirme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to improve? | alaigilendirmege qoymaymıdıla?igilendirme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to improve? |
| Let someone… (past) | menigilendirmege qoydumigilendirme qoydumI allowed someone to improve | senigilendirmege qoyduŋigilendirme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to improve | oligilendirmege qoyduigilendirme qoyduhe allowed someone to improve | bizigilendirmege qoyduqigilendirme qoyduqwe allowed someone to improve | sizigilendirmege qoyduğuzigilendirme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to improve | alaigilendirmege qoydulaigilendirme qoydulathey allowed someone to improve |
| Let someone… (past) | menigilendirmege qoymadımigilendirme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to improve | senigilendirmege qoymadıŋigilendirme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to improve | oligilendirmege qoymadıigilendirme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to improve | bizigilendirmege qoymadıqigilendirme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to improve | sizigilendirmege qoymadığızigilendirme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to improve | alaigilendirmege qoymadılaigilendirme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (past) | menigilendirmege qoydummu?igilendirme qoydummu?did I allow someone to improve? | senigilendirmege qoyduŋmu?igilendirme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to improve? | oligilendirmege qoydumu?igilendirme qoydumu?did he allow someone to improve? | bizigilendirmege qoyduqmu?igilendirme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to improve? | sizigilendirmege qoyduğuzmu?igilendirme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to improve? | alaigilendirmege qoydulamı?igilendirme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to improve? |
| Let someone… (past) | menigilendirmege qoymadımmı?igilendirme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to improve? | senigilendirmege qoymadıŋmı?igilendirme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to improve? | oligilendirmege qoymadımı?igilendirme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to improve? | bizigilendirmege qoymadıqmı?igilendirme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to improve? | sizigilendirmege qoymadığızmı?igilendirme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to improve? | alaigilendirmege qoymadılamı?igilendirme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to improve? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menigilendiralamaI can improve | senigilendiralasayou can improve | oligilendiraladıhe can improve | bizigilendiralabızwe can improve | sizigilendiralasızyou all can improve | alaigilendiraladılathey can improve |
| Ability — present | menigilendiralmaymaI can't improve | senigilendiralmaysayou can't improve | oligilendiralmaydıhe can't improve | bizigilendiralmaybızwe can't improve | sizigilendiralmaysızyou all can't improve | alaigilendiralmaydılathey can't improve |
| Ability — present | menigilendiralamamı? igilendiralamıma?can I improve? | senigilendiralamısa?can you improve? | oligilendiralamıdı?can he improve? | bizigilendiralabızmı? igilendiralamıbız?can we improve? | sizigilendiralamısız?can you all improve? | alaigilendiralamıdıla?can they improve? |
| Ability — present | menigilendiralmaymamı? igilendiralmaymıma?can't I improve? | senigilendiralmaymısa?can't you improve? | oligilendiralmaymıdı?can't he improve? | bizigilendiralmaybızmı? igilendiralmaymıbız?can't we improve? | sizigilendiralmaymısız?can't you all improve? | alaigilendiralmaymıdıla?can't they improve? |
| Ability — if I can… | menigilendiralsamif I can improve | senigilendiralsaŋif you can improve | oligilendiralsaif he can improve | bizigilendiralsaqif we can improve | sizigilendiralsağızif you all can improve | alaigilendiralsalaif they can improve |
| Ability — if I can… | menigilendiralmasamif I can't improve | senigilendiralmasaŋif you can't improve | oligilendiralmasaif he can't improve | bizigilendiralmasaqif we can't improve | sizigilendiralmasağızif you all can't improve | alaigilendiralmasalaif they can't improve |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menigilendiraldımI was able to improve | senigilendiraldıŋyou were able to improve | oligilendiraldıhe was able to improve | bizigilendiraldıqwe were able to improve | sizigilendiraldığızyou all were able to improve | alaigilendiraldılathey were able to improve |
| Ability — simple past | menigilendiralmadımI could not improve | senigilendiralmadıŋyou could not improve | oligilendiralmadıhe could not improve | bizigilendiralmadıqwe could not improve | sizigilendiralmadığızyou all could not improve | alaigilendiralmadılathey could not improve |
| Ability — simple past | menigilendiraldımmı?was I able to improve? | senigilendiraldıŋmı?were you able to improve? | oligilendiraldımı?was he able to improve? | bizigilendiraldıqmı?were we able to improve? | sizigilendiraldığızmı?were you all able to improve? | alaigilendiraldılamı?were they able to improve? |
| Ability — simple past | menigilendiralmadımmı?couldn't I improve? | senigilendiralmadıŋmı?couldn't you improve? | oligilendiralmadımı?couldn't he improve? | bizigilendiralmadıqmı?couldn't we improve? | sizigilendiralmadığızmı?couldn't you all improve? | alaigilendiralmadılamı?couldn't they improve? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menigilendiralğanmaI have been able to improve | senigilendiralğansayou have been able to improve | oligilendiralğandıhe has been able to improve | bizigilendiralğanbızwe have been able to improve | sizigilendiralğansızyou all have been able to improve | alaigilendiralğandılathey have been able to improve |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menigilendiralmağanmaI haven't been able to improve | senigilendiralmağansayou haven't been able to improve | oligilendiralmağandıhe hasn't been able to improve | bizigilendiralmağanbızwe haven't been able to improve | sizigilendiralmağansızyou all haven't been able to improve | alaigilendiralmağandılathey haven't been able to improve |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menigilendiralğanmamı? igilendiralğanmıma?have I been able to improve? | senigilendiralğanmısa?have you been able to improve? | oligilendiralğanmıdı?has he been able to improve? | bizigilendiralğanbızmı? igilendiralğanmıbız?have we been able to improve? | sizigilendiralğanmısız?have you all been able to improve? | alaigilendiralğanmıdıla?have they been able to improve? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menigilendiralmağanmamı? igilendiralmağanmıma?haven't I been able to improve? | senigilendiralmağanmısa?haven't you been able to improve? | oligilendiralmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to improve? | bizigilendiralmağanbızmı? igilendiralmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to improve? | sizigilendiralmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to improve? | alaigilendiralmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to improve? |
| Ability — past perfect | menigilendiralğan edimigilendiralğanemI had been able to improve | senigilendiralğan ediŋigilendiralğaneŋyou had been able to improve | oligilendiralğan ediigilendiralğanedhe had been able to improve | bizigilendiralğan edikigilendiralğanekwe had been able to improve | sizigilendiralğan edigizigilendiralğanegizyou all had been able to improve | alaigilendiralğan edileigilendiralğanellethey had been able to improve |
| Ability — past perfect | menigilendiralmağan edimigilendiralmağanemI hadn't been able to improve | senigilendiralmağan ediŋigilendiralmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to improve | oligilendiralmağan ediigilendiralmağanedhe hadn't been able to improve | bizigilendiralmağan edikigilendiralmağanekwe hadn't been able to improve | sizigilendiralmağan edigizigilendiralmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to improve | alaigilendiralmağan edileigilendiralmağanellethey hadn't been able to improve |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menigilendirala edimigilendiralaemI could improve | senigilendirala ediŋigilendiralaeŋyou could improve | oligilendirala ediigilendiralaedhe could improve | bizigilendirala edikigilendiralaekwe could improve | sizigilendirala edigizigilendiralaegizyou all could improve | alaigilendirala edileigilendiralaellethey could improve |
| Ability — past background | menigilendiralmay edimigilendiralmayemI could not improve | senigilendiralmay ediŋigilendiralmayeŋyou could not improve | oligilendiralmay ediigilendiralmayedhe could not improve | bizigilendiralmay edikigilendiralmayekwe could not improve | sizigilendiralmay edigizigilendiralmayegizyou all could not improve | alaigilendiralmay edileigilendiralmayellethey could not improve |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menigilendiralırmaI will be able to improve | senigilendiralırsayou will be able to improve | oligilendiralırhe will be able to improve | bizigilendiralırbızwe will be able to improve | sizigilendiralırsızyou all will be able to improve | alaigilendiralırlathey will be able to improve |
| Ability — future I | menigilendiralmazmaI won't be able to improve | senigilendiralmazsayou won't be able to improve | oligilendiralmazhe won't be able to improve | bizigilendiralmazbızwe won't be able to improve | sizigilendiralmazsızyou all won't be able to improve | alaigilendiralmazlathey won't be able to improve |
| Ability — future I | menigilendiralırmamı? igilendiralırmıma?will I be able to improve? | senigilendiralırmısa?will you be able to improve? | oligilendiralırmı?will he be able to improve? | bizigilendiralırbızmı? igilendiralırmıbız?will we be able to improve? | sizigilendiralırmısız?will you all be able to improve? | alaigilendiralırlamı? igilendiralırmıla?will they be able to improve? |
| Ability — future I | menigilendiralmazmamı? igilendiralmazmıma?won't I be able to improve? | senigilendiralmazmısa?won't you be able to improve? | oligilendiralmazmı?won't he be able to improve? | bizigilendiralmazbızmı? igilendiralmazmıbız?won't we be able to improve? | sizigilendiralmazmısız?won't you all be able to improve? | alaigilendiralmazlamı? igilendiralmazmıla?won't they be able to improve? |
| Ability — future II | menigilendirallıqmaI am going to be able to improve | senigilendirallıqsayou are going to be able to improve | oligilendirallıqdıhe is going to be able to improve | bizigilendirallıqbızwe are going to be able to improve | sizigilendirallıqsızyou all are going to be able to improve | alaigilendirallıqdılathey are going to be able to improve |
| Ability — future II | menigilendirallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to improve | senigilendirallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to improve | oligilendirallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to improve | bizigilendirallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to improve | sizigilendirallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to improve | alaigilendirallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to improve |
| Ability — future II | menigilendirallıqmamı? igilendirallıqmıma?am I going to be able to improve? | senigilendirallıqmısa?are you going to be able to improve? | oligilendirallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to improve? | bizigilendirallıqbızmı? igilendirallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to improve? | sizigilendirallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to improve? | alaigilendirallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to improve? |
| Ability — future II | menigilendirallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to improve? | senigilendirallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to improve? | oligilendirallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to improve? | bizigilendirallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to improve? | sizigilendirallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to improve? | alaigilendirallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to improve? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menigilendiralır edimigilendiralır emI would be able to improve | senigilendiralır ediŋigilendiralır eŋyou would be able to improve | oligilendiralır ediigilendiralır edhe would be able to improve | bizigilendiralır edikigilendiralır ekwe would be able to improve | sizigilendiralır edigizigilendiralır egizyou all would be able to improve | alaigilendiralır edileigilendiralır ellethey would be able to improve |
| Ability — would be able to… | menigilendiralmaz edimigilendiralmaz emI wouldn't be able to improve | senigilendiralmaz ediŋigilendiralmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to improve | oligilendiralmaz ediigilendiralmaz edhe wouldn't be able to improve | bizigilendiralmaz edikigilendiralmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to improve | sizigilendiralmaz edigizigilendiralmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to improve | alaigilendiralmaz edileigilendiralmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to improve |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senigilendiralğınigilendiralğımay you be able to improve | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senigilendiralmağınigilendiralmağımay you not be able to improve | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menigilendirirge izleymeI want to improve | senigilendirirge izleyseyou want to improve | oligilendirirge izleydihe wants to improve | bizigilendirirge izleybizwe want to improve | sizigilendirirge izleysizyou all want to improve | alaigilendirirge izleydilethey want to improve |
| want to | menigilendirirge izlemeymeI do not want to improve | senigilendirirge izlemeyseyou do not want to improve | oligilendirirge izlemeydihe does not want to improve | bizigilendirirge izlemeybizwe do not want to improve | sizigilendirirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to improve | alaigilendirirge izlemeydilethey do not want to improve |
| would like to | menigilendirirge süemeI would like to improve | senigilendirirge süeseyou would like to improve | oligilendirirge süedihe would like to improve | bizigilendirirge süebizwe would like to improve | sizigilendirirge süesizyou all would like to improve | alaigilendirirge süedilethey would like to improve |
| would like to | menigilendirirge süymeymeI would not like to improve | senigilendirirge süymeyseyou would not like to improve | oligilendirirge süymeydihe would not like to improve | bizigilendirirge süymeybizwe would not like to improve | sizigilendirirge süymeysizyou all would not like to improve | alaigilendirirge süymeydilethey would not like to improve |
| hope to | menigilendirirge umutlanamaI hope to improve | senigilendirirge umutlanasayou hope to improve | oligilendirirge umutlanadıhe hopes to improve | bizigilendirirge umutlanabızwe hope to improve | sizigilendirirge umutlanasızyou all hope to improve | alaigilendirirge umutlanadılathey hope to improve |
| hope to | menigilendirirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to improve | senigilendirirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to improve | oligilendirirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to improve | bizigilendirirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to improve | sizigilendirirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to improve | alaigilendirirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to improve |
| be about to | menigilendirirge deb turamaI am about to improve | senigilendirirge deb turasayou are about to improve | oligilendirirge deb turadıhe is about to improve | bizigilendirirge deb turabızwe are about to improve | sizigilendirirge deb turasızyou all are about to improve | alaigilendirirge deb turadılathey are about to improve |
| be about to | menigilendirirge deb turmaymaI am not about to improve | senigilendirirge deb turmaysayou are not about to improve | oligilendirirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to improve | bizigilendirirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to improve | sizigilendirirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to improve | alaigilendirirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to improve |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menigilendirirge kerekmeI need to improve | senigilendirirge kerekseyou need to improve | oligilendirirge kerekdihe needs to improve | bizigilendirirge kerekbizwe need to improve | sizigilendirirge kereksizyou all need to improve | alaigilendirirge kerekdilethey need to improve |
| need to | menigilendirirge kerek tülmeI do not need to improve | senigilendirirge kerek tülseyou do not need to improve | oligilendirirge kerek tüldühe does not need to improve | bizigilendirirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to improve | sizigilendirirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to improve | alaigilendirirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to improve |
| have to | menmenŋe igilendirirge tüşediI have to improve | sensenŋe igilendirirge tüşediyou have to improve | olaŋa igilendirirge tüşedihe has to improve | bizbizge igilendirirge tüşediwe have to improve | sizsizge igilendirirge tüşediyou all have to improve | alaalağa igilendirirge tüşedithey have to improve |
| have to | menmenŋe igilendirirge tüşmeydiI do not have to improve | sensenŋe igilendirirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to improve | olaŋa igilendirirge tüşmeydihe does not have to improve | bizbizge igilendirirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to improve | sizsizge igilendirirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to improve | alaalağa igilendirirge tüşmeydithey do not have to improve |
| be obliged to | menigilendirirge borçlumaI am obliged to improve | senigilendirirge borçlusayou are obliged to improve | oligilendirirge borçluduhe is obliged to improve | bizigilendirirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to improve | sizigilendirirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to improve | alaigilendirirge borçludulathey are obliged to improve |
| be obliged to | menigilendirirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to improve | senigilendirirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to improve | oligilendirirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to improve | bizigilendirirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to improve | sizigilendirirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to improve | alaigilendirirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to improve |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menigilendirirge madarım bardıI have a way to improve | senigilendirirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to improve | oligilendirirge madarı bardıhe has a way to improve | bizigilendirirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to improve | sizigilendirirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to improve | alaigilendirirge madarları bardıthey have a way to improve |
| have a way to | menigilendirirge madarım joqduI have no way to improve | senigilendirirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to improve | oligilendirirge madarı joqduhe has no way to improve | bizigilendirirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to improve | sizigilendirirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to improve | alaigilendirirge madarları joqduthey have no way to improve |
| be free to | menigilendirirge erkinligim bardıI am free to improve | senigilendirirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to improve | oligilendirirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to improve | bizigilendirirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to improve | sizigilendirirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to improve | alaigilendirirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to improve |
| be free to | menigilendirirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to improve | senigilendirirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to improve | oligilendirirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to improve | bizigilendirirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to improve | sizigilendirirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to improve | alaigilendirirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to improve |
| be possible to | menmenŋe igilendirirge bolluqduit is possible for me to improve | sensenŋe igilendirirge bolluqduit is possible for you to improve | olaŋa igilendirirge bolluqduit is possible for him to improve | bizbizge igilendirirge bolluqduit is possible for us to improve | sizsizge igilendirirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to improve | alaalağa igilendirirge bolluqduit is possible for them to improve |
| be possible to | menmenŋe igilendirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to improve | sensenŋe igilendirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to improve | olaŋa igilendirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to improve | bizbizge igilendirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to improve | sizsizge igilendirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to improve | alaalağa igilendirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to improve |
| be ready to | menigilendirirge hazırmaI am ready to improve | senigilendirirge hazırsayou are ready to improve | oligilendirirge hazırdıhe is ready to improve | bizigilendirirge hazırbızwe are ready to improve | sizigilendirirge hazırsızyou all are ready to improve | alaigilendirirge hazırdılathey are ready to improve |
| be ready to | menigilendirirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to improve | senigilendirirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to improve | oligilendirirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to improve | bizigilendirirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to improve | sizigilendirirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to improve | alaigilendirirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to improve |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menigilendirirge küreşemeI am trying to improve | senigilendirirge küreşeseyou are trying to improve | oligilendirirge küreşedihe is trying to improve | bizigilendirirge küreşebizwe are trying to improve | sizigilendirirge küreşesizyou all are trying to improve | alaigilendirirge küreşedilethey are trying to improve |
| try to | menigilendirirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to improve | senigilendirirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to improve | oligilendirirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to improve | bizigilendirirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to improve | sizigilendirirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to improve | alaigilendirirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to improve |
| agree to | menigilendirirge unaymaI agree to improve | senigilendirirge unaysayou agree to improve | oligilendirirge unaydıhe agrees to improve | bizigilendirirge unaybızwe agree to improve | sizigilendirirge unaysızyou all agree to improve | alaigilendirirge unaydılathey agree to improve |
| agree to | menigilendirirge unamaymaI refuse to improve | senigilendirirge unamaysayou refuse to improve | oligilendirirge unamaydıhe refuses to improve | bizigilendirirge unamaybızwe refuse to improve | sizigilendirirge unamaysızyou all refuse to improve | alaigilendirirge unamaydılathey refuse to improve |
| hurry to | menigilendirirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to improve | senigilendirirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to improve | oligilendirirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to improve | bizigilendirirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to improve | sizigilendirirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to improve | alaigilendirirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to improve |
| hurry to | menigilendirirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to improve | senigilendirirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to improve | oligilendirirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to improve | bizigilendirirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to improve | sizigilendirirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to improve | alaigilendirirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to improve |
| be afraid to | menigilendirirge qorqamaI am afraid to improve | senigilendirirge qorqasayou are afraid to improve | oligilendirirge qorqadıhe is afraid to improve | bizigilendirirge qorqabızwe are afraid to improve | sizigilendirirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to improve | alaigilendirirge qorqadılathey are afraid to improve |
| be afraid to | menigilendirirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to improve | senigilendirirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to improve | oligilendirirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to improve | bizigilendirirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to improve | sizigilendirirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to improve | alaigilendirirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to improve |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menigilendire bolmazmaI can't be improving | senigilendire bolmazsayou can't be improving | oligilendire bolmazhe can't be improving | bizigilendire bolmazbızwe can't be improving | sizigilendire bolmazsızyou all can't be improving | alaigilendire bolmazlathey can't be improving |
| Inference, present — double negation | menigilendirmey bolmazmaI must be improving (emphatic) | senigilendirmey bolmazsayou must be improving (emphatic) | oligilendirmey bolmazhe must be improving (emphatic) | bizigilendirmey bolmazbızwe must be improving (emphatic) | sizigilendirmey bolmazsızyou all must be improving (emphatic) | alaigilendirmey bolmazlathey must be improving (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menigilendire turmasamif I don't keep improving | senigilendire turmasaŋif you don't keep improving | oligilendire turmasaif he doesn't keep improving | bizigilendire turmasaqif we don't keep improving | sizigilendire turmasağızif you all don't keep improving | alaigilendire turmasalaif they don't keep improving |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menigilendire tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of improving | senigilendire tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of improving | oligilendire tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of improving | bizigilendire tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of improving | sizigilendire tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of improving | alaigilendire tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of improving |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menigilendirmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not improving (emphatic) | senigilendirmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not improving (emphatic) | oligilendirmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not improving (emphatic) | bizigilendirmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not improving (emphatic) | sizigilendirmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not improving (emphatic) | alaigilendirmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not improving (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menigilendirmey turamaI keep on not improving | senigilendirmey turasayou keep on not improving | oligilendirmey turadıhe keeps on not improving | bizigilendirmey turabızwe keep on not improving | sizigilendirmey turasızyou all keep on not improving | alaigilendirmey turadılathey keep on not improving |
| Progressive — double negation | menigilendirmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not improving | senigilendirmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not improving | oligilendirmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not improving | bizigilendirmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not improving | sizigilendirmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not improving | alaigilendirmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not improving |
| Progressive — double negation | menigilendirmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not improving? | senigilendirmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not improving? | oligilendirmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not improving? | bizigilendirmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not improving? | sizigilendirmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not improving? | alaigilendirmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not improving? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menigilendirgen bolmazmaI can't have improved | senigilendirgen bolmazsayou can't have improved | oligilendirgen bolmazhe can't have improved | bizigilendirgen bolmazbızwe can't have improved | sizigilendirgen bolmazsızyou all can't have improved | alaigilendirgen bolmazlathey can't have improved |
| Inference — double negation | menigilendirmegen bolmazmaI must have improved (emphatic) | senigilendirmegen bolmazsayou must have improved (emphatic) | oligilendirmegen bolmazhe must have improved (emphatic) | bizigilendirmegen bolmazbızwe must have improved (emphatic) | sizigilendirmegen bolmazsızyou all must have improved (emphatic) | alaigilendirmegen bolmazlathey must have improved (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menigilendirgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had improved | senigilendirgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had improved | oligilendirgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had improved | bizigilendirgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had improved | sizigilendirgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had improved | alaigilendirgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had improved |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menigilendirmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't improved | senigilendirmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't improved | oligilendirmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't improved | bizigilendirmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't improved | sizigilendirmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't improved | alaigilendirmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't improved |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menigilendirlik bolmazmaI can't be going to improve | senigilendirlik bolmazsayou can't be going to improve | oligilendirlik bolmazhe can't be going to improve | bizigilendirlik bolmazbızwe can't be going to improve | sizigilendirlik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to improve | alaigilendirlik bolmazlathey can't be going to improve |
| Inference, future — double negation | menigilendirmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to improve (emphatic) | senigilendirmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to improve (emphatic) | oligilendirmezlik bolmazhe must be going to improve (emphatic) | bizigilendirmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to improve (emphatic) | sizigilendirmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to improve (emphatic) | alaigilendirmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to improve (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menigilendirlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to improve | senigilendirlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to improve | oligilendirlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to improve | bizigilendirlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to improve | sizigilendirlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to improve | alaigilendirlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to improve |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menigilendirmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to improve | senigilendirmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to improve | oligilendirmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to improve | bizigilendirmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to improve | sizigilendirmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to improve | alaigilendirmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to improve |