oŋlarğa
/oŋlarʁa/
overcome, overpower, defeat, get the better of, prevail over; master — Takes a direct object. With the converb oŋlab followed by qoyarğa it means crush or break (an enemy, resistance). With tururğa it means keep someone under one's thumb.
- anı awruw oŋlağandı — illness has overpowered him
- men anı oŋlarma — I will overcome him
- men kitabnı eki künŋe oŋladım — I got through the book in two days
- jawnu oŋlab qoyarğa — to crush the enemy
- oŋlab tururğa — to keep somebody firmly in hand
- biz jawnu oŋladıq — we defeated the enemy
Conjugation
Common forms
- oŋlaydıhe is overcoming
- oŋladıhe overcame
- oŋlağandıhe has overcome
- oŋlarhe will overcome
- oŋlarıqdıhe is going to overcome
- oŋlay edihe was overcoming
- oŋlasaif he overcomes
- oŋla!overcome!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menoŋlaymaI am overcoming | senoŋlaysayou are overcoming | oloŋlaydıhe is overcoming | bizoŋlaybızwe are overcoming | sizoŋlaysızyou all are overcoming | alaoŋlaydılathey are overcoming |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menoŋlamaymaI am not overcoming | senoŋlamaysayou are not overcoming | oloŋlamaydıhe is not overcoming | bizoŋlamaybızwe are not overcoming | sizoŋlamaysızyou all are not overcoming | alaoŋlamaydılathey are not overcoming |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menoŋlaymamı? oŋlaymıma?am I overcoming? | senoŋlaymısa?are you overcoming? | oloŋlaymıdı?is he overcoming? | bizoŋlaybızmı? oŋlaymıbız?are we overcoming? | sizoŋlaymısız?are you all overcoming? | alaoŋlaymıdıla?are they overcoming? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menoŋlamaymamı? oŋlamaymıma?aren't I overcoming? | senoŋlamaymısa?aren't you overcoming? | oloŋlamaymıdı?isn't he overcoming? | bizoŋlamaybızmı? oŋlamaymıbız?aren't we overcoming? | sizoŋlamaymısız?aren't you all overcoming? | alaoŋlamaymıdıla?aren't they overcoming? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menoŋlawçanmaI usually overcome | senoŋlawçansayou usually overcome | oloŋlawçandıhe usually overcomes | bizoŋlawçanbızwe usually overcome | sizoŋlawçansızyou all usually overcome | alaoŋlawçandılathey usually overcome |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menoŋlamawçanmaI usually don't overcome | senoŋlamawçansayou usually don't overcome | oloŋlamawçandıhe usually doesn't overcome | bizoŋlamawçanbızwe usually don't overcome | sizoŋlamawçansızyou all usually don't overcome | alaoŋlamawçandılathey usually don't overcome |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menoŋlawçanmamı? oŋlawçanmıma?do I usually overcome? | senoŋlawçanmısa?do you usually overcome? | oloŋlawçanmıdı?does he usually overcome? | bizoŋlawçanbızmı? oŋlawçanmıbız?do we usually overcome? | sizoŋlawçanmısız?do you all usually overcome? | alaoŋlawçanmıdıla?do they usually overcome? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menoŋlamawçanmamı? oŋlamawçanmıma?do I usually not overcome? | senoŋlamawçanmısa?do you usually not overcome? | oloŋlamawçanmıdı?does he usually not overcome? | bizoŋlamawçanbızmı? oŋlamawçanmıbız?do we usually not overcome? | sizoŋlamawçanmısız?do you all usually not overcome? | alaoŋlamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not overcome? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oloŋlabdıhe has overcome and remains so | alaoŋlabdılathey have overcome and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oloŋlabmıdı?has he overcome? | alaoŋlabmıdıla?have they overcome? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menoŋlab turamaI keep overcoming | senoŋlab turasayou keep overcoming | oloŋlab turadıhe keeps overcoming | bizoŋlab turabızwe keep overcoming | sizoŋlab turasızyou all keep overcoming | alaoŋlab turadılathey keep overcoming |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menoŋlab turmaymaI don't keep overcoming | senoŋlab turmaysayou don't keep overcoming | oloŋlab turmaydıhe doesn't keep overcoming | bizoŋlab turmaybızwe don't keep overcoming | sizoŋlab turmaysızyou all don't keep overcoming | alaoŋlab turmaydılathey don't keep overcoming |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menoŋlab turamamı? oŋlab turamıma?do I keep overcoming? | senoŋlab turamısa?do you keep overcoming? | oloŋlab turamıdı?does he keep overcoming? | bizoŋlab turabızmı? oŋlab turamıbız?do we keep overcoming? | sizoŋlab turamısız?do you all keep overcoming? | alaoŋlab turamıdıla?do they keep overcoming? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menoŋlab turmaymamı? oŋlab turmaymıma?don't I keep overcoming? | senoŋlab turmaymısa?don't you keep overcoming? | oloŋlab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep overcoming? | bizoŋlab turmaybızmı? oŋlab turmaymıbız?don't we keep overcoming? | sizoŋlab turmaymısız?don't you all keep overcoming? | alaoŋlab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep overcoming? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menoŋlay turamaI am in the middle of overcoming | senoŋlay turasayou are in the middle of overcoming | oloŋlay turadıhe is in the middle of overcoming | bizoŋlay turabızwe are in the middle of overcoming | sizoŋlay turasızyou all are in the middle of overcoming | alaoŋlay turadılathey are in the middle of overcoming |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menoŋlay turmaymaI am not in the middle of overcoming | senoŋlay turmaysayou are not in the middle of overcoming | oloŋlay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of overcoming | bizoŋlay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of overcoming | sizoŋlay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of overcoming | alaoŋlay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of overcoming |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menoŋlay turamamı? oŋlay turamıma?am I in the middle of overcoming? | senoŋlay turamısa?are you in the middle of overcoming? | oloŋlay turamıdı?is he in the middle of overcoming? | bizoŋlay turabızmı? oŋlay turamıbız?are we in the middle of overcoming? | sizoŋlay turamısız?are you all in the middle of overcoming? | alaoŋlay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of overcoming? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menoŋlay turmaymamı? oŋlay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of overcoming? | senoŋlay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of overcoming? | oloŋlay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of overcoming? | bizoŋlay turmaybızmı? oŋlay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of overcoming? | sizoŋlay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of overcoming? | alaoŋlay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of overcoming? |
| Simple past (definite) | menoŋladımI overcame | senoŋladıŋyou overcame | oloŋladıhe overcame | bizoŋladıqwe overcame | sizoŋladığızyou all overcame | alaoŋladılathey overcame |
| Simple past (definite) | menoŋlamadımI didn't overcome | senoŋlamadıŋyou didn't overcome | oloŋlamadıhe didn't overcome | bizoŋlamadıqwe didn't overcome | sizoŋlamadığızyou all didn't overcome | alaoŋlamadılathey didn't overcome |
| Simple past (definite) | menoŋladımmı?did I overcome? | senoŋladıŋmı?did you overcome? | oloŋladımı?did he overcome? | bizoŋladıqmı?did we overcome? | sizoŋladığızmı?did you all overcome? | alaoŋladılamı?did they overcome? |
| Simple past (definite) | menoŋlamadımmı?didn't I overcome? | senoŋlamadıŋmı?didn't you overcome? | oloŋlamadımı?didn't he overcome? | bizoŋlamadıqmı?didn't we overcome? | sizoŋlamadığızmı?didn't you all overcome? | alaoŋlamadılamı?didn't they overcome? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menoŋlağanmaI have overcome | senoŋlağansayou have overcome | oloŋlağandıhe has overcome | bizoŋlağanbızwe have overcome | sizoŋlağansızyou all have overcome | alaoŋlağandılathey have overcome |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menoŋlamağanmaI haven't overcome | senoŋlamağansayou haven't overcome | oloŋlamağandıhe hasn't overcome | bizoŋlamağanbızwe haven't overcome | sizoŋlamağansızyou all haven't overcome | alaoŋlamağandılathey haven't overcome |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menoŋlağanmamı? oŋlağanmıma?have I overcome? | senoŋlağanmısa?have you overcome? | oloŋlağanmıdı?has he overcome? | bizoŋlağanbızmı? oŋlağanmıbız?have we overcome? | sizoŋlağanmısız?have you all overcome? | alaoŋlağanmıdıla?have they overcome? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menoŋlamağanmamı? oŋlamağanmıma?haven't I overcome? | senoŋlamağanmısa?haven't you overcome? | oloŋlamağanmıdı?hasn't he overcome? | bizoŋlamağanbızmı? oŋlamağanmıbız?haven't we overcome? | sizoŋlamağanmısız?haven't you all overcome? | alaoŋlamağanmıdıla?haven't they overcome? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menoŋlab turdumI kept overcoming | senoŋlab turduŋyou kept overcoming | oloŋlab turduhe kept overcoming | bizoŋlab turduqwe kept overcoming | sizoŋlab turduğuzyou all kept overcoming | alaoŋlab turdulathey kept overcoming |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menoŋlab turmadımI didn't keep overcoming | senoŋlab turmadıŋyou didn't keep overcoming | oloŋlab turmadıhe didn't keep overcoming | bizoŋlab turmadıqwe didn't keep overcoming | sizoŋlab turmadığızyou all didn't keep overcoming | alaoŋlab turmadılathey didn't keep overcoming |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menoŋlarmaI will overcome | senoŋlarsayou will overcome | oloŋlarhe will overcome | bizoŋlarbızwe will overcome | sizoŋlarsızyou all will overcome | alaoŋlarlathey will overcome |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menoŋlamazmaI won't overcome | senoŋlamazsayou won't overcome | oloŋlamazhe won't overcome | bizoŋlamazbızwe won't overcome | sizoŋlamazsızyou all won't overcome | alaoŋlamazlathey won't overcome |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menoŋlarmamı? oŋlarmıma?will I overcome? | senoŋlarmısa?will you overcome? | oloŋlarmı?will he overcome? | bizoŋlarbızmı? oŋlarmıbız?will we overcome? | sizoŋlarmısız?will you all overcome? | alaoŋlarlamı? oŋlarmıla?will they overcome? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menoŋlamazmamı? oŋlamazmıma?won't I overcome? | senoŋlamazmısa?won't you overcome? | oloŋlamazmı?won't he overcome? | bizoŋlamazbızmı? oŋlamazmıbız?won't we overcome? | sizoŋlamazmısız?won't you all overcome? | alaoŋlamazlamı? oŋlamazmıla?won't they overcome? |
| Definite future (future II) | menoŋlarıqmaI am going to overcome | senoŋlarıqsayou are going to overcome | oloŋlarıqdıhe is going to overcome | bizoŋlarıqbızwe are going to overcome | sizoŋlarıqsızyou all are going to overcome | alaoŋlarıqdılathey are going to overcome |
| Definite future (future II) | menoŋlarıq tülmeI am not going to overcome | senoŋlarıq tülseyou are not going to overcome | oloŋlarıq tüldühe is not going to overcome | bizoŋlarıq tülbüzwe are not going to overcome | sizoŋlarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to overcome | alaoŋlarıq tüldülethey are not going to overcome |
| Definite future (future II) | menoŋlarıqmamı? oŋlarıqmıma?am I going to overcome? | senoŋlarıqmısa?are you going to overcome? | oloŋlarıqmıdı?is he going to overcome? | bizoŋlarıqbızmı? oŋlarıqmıbız?are we going to overcome? | sizoŋlarıqmısız?are you all going to overcome? | alaoŋlarıqmıdıla?are they going to overcome? |
| Definite future (future II) | menoŋlarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to overcome? | senoŋlarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to overcome? | oloŋlarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to overcome? | bizoŋlarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to overcome? | sizoŋlarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to overcome? | alaoŋlarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to overcome? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menoŋlağan edimoŋlağanemI had overcome | senoŋlağan ediŋoŋlağaneŋyou had overcome | oloŋlağan edioŋlağanedhe had overcome | bizoŋlağan edikoŋlağanekwe had overcome | sizoŋlağan edigizoŋlağanegizyou all had overcome | alaoŋlağan edileoŋlağanellethey had overcome |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menoŋlamağan edimoŋlamağanemI hadn't overcome | senoŋlamağan ediŋoŋlamağaneŋyou hadn't overcome | oloŋlamağan edioŋlamağanedhe hadn't overcome | bizoŋlamağan edikoŋlamağanekwe hadn't overcome | sizoŋlamağan edigizoŋlamağanegizyou all hadn't overcome | alaoŋlamağan edileoŋlamağanellethey hadn't overcome |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menoŋlay edimoŋlayemI was overcoming | senoŋlay ediŋoŋlayeŋyou were overcoming | oloŋlay edioŋlayedhe was overcoming | bizoŋlay edikoŋlayekwe were overcoming | sizoŋlay edigizoŋlayegizyou all were overcoming | alaoŋlay edileoŋlayellethey were overcoming |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menoŋlamay edimoŋlamayemI wasn't overcoming | senoŋlamay ediŋoŋlamayeŋyou weren't overcoming | oloŋlamay edioŋlamayedhe wasn't overcoming | bizoŋlamay edikoŋlamayekwe weren't overcoming | sizoŋlamay edigizoŋlamayegizyou all weren't overcoming | alaoŋlamay edileoŋlamayellethey weren't overcoming |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menoŋlawçan edimoŋlawçanemI used to overcome | senoŋlawçan ediŋoŋlawçaneŋyou used to overcome | oloŋlawçan edioŋlawçanedhe used to overcome | bizoŋlawçan edikoŋlawçanekwe used to overcome | sizoŋlawçan edigizoŋlawçanegizyou all used to overcome | alaoŋlawçan edileoŋlawçanellethey used to overcome |
| Habitual past (used to) | menoŋlamawçan edimoŋlamawçanemI didn't use to overcome | senoŋlamawçan ediŋoŋlamawçaneŋyou didn't use to overcome | oloŋlamawçan edioŋlamawçanedhe didn't use to overcome | bizoŋlamawçan edikoŋlamawçanekwe didn't use to overcome | sizoŋlamawçan edigizoŋlamawçanegizyou all didn't use to overcome | alaoŋlamawçan edileoŋlamawçanellethey didn't use to overcome |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oloŋlab edihe had overcome and remained so | alaoŋlab edilethey had overcome and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oloŋlab tül edihe hadn't overcome | alaoŋlab tül edilethey hadn't overcome | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menoŋlab tura edimoŋlab turaemI had kept overcoming | senoŋlab tura ediŋoŋlab turaeŋyou had kept overcoming | oloŋlab tura edioŋlab turaedhe had kept overcoming | bizoŋlab tura edikoŋlab turaekwe had kept overcoming | sizoŋlab tura edigizoŋlab turaegizyou all had kept overcoming | alaoŋlab tura edileoŋlab turaellethey had kept overcoming |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menoŋlab turmay edimoŋlab turmayemI hadn't kept overcoming | senoŋlab turmay ediŋoŋlab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept overcoming | oloŋlab turmay edioŋlab turmayedhe hadn't kept overcoming | bizoŋlab turmay edikoŋlab turmayekwe hadn't kept overcoming | sizoŋlab turmay edigizoŋlab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept overcoming | alaoŋlab turmay edileoŋlab turmayellethey hadn't kept overcoming |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menoŋlay tura edimoŋlay turaemI was in the middle of overcoming | senoŋlay tura ediŋoŋlay turaeŋyou were in the middle of overcoming | oloŋlay tura edioŋlay turaedhe was in the middle of overcoming | bizoŋlay tura edikoŋlay turaekwe were in the middle of overcoming | sizoŋlay tura edigizoŋlay turaegizyou all were in the middle of overcoming | alaoŋlay tura edileoŋlay turaellethey were in the middle of overcoming |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menoŋlay turmay edimoŋlay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of overcoming | senoŋlay turmay ediŋoŋlay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of overcoming | oloŋlay turmay edioŋlay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of overcoming | bizoŋlay turmay edikoŋlay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of overcoming | sizoŋlay turmay edigizoŋlay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of overcoming | alaoŋlay turmay edileoŋlay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of overcoming |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menoŋlar edimoŋlar emI would overcome | senoŋlar ediŋoŋlar eŋyou would overcome | oloŋlar edioŋlar edhe would overcome | bizoŋlar edikoŋlar ekwe would overcome | sizoŋlar edigizoŋlar egizyou all would overcome | alaoŋlar edileoŋlar ellethey would overcome |
| Conditional result (would) | menoŋlamaz edimoŋlamaz emI wouldn't overcome | senoŋlamaz ediŋoŋlamaz eŋyou wouldn't overcome | oloŋlamaz edioŋlamaz edhe wouldn't overcome | bizoŋlamaz edikoŋlamaz ekwe wouldn't overcome | sizoŋlamaz edigizoŋlamaz egizyou all wouldn't overcome | alaoŋlamaz edileoŋlamaz ellethey wouldn't overcome |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menoŋlarıq edimoŋlarıq emI would have overcome | senoŋlarıq ediŋoŋlarıq eŋyou would have overcome | oloŋlarıq edioŋlarıq edhe would have overcome | bizoŋlarıq edikoŋlarıq ekwe would have overcome | sizoŋlarıq edigizoŋlarıq egizyou all would have overcome | alaoŋlarıq edileoŋlarıq ellethey would have overcome |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menoŋlarıq tül edimoŋlarıq tül emI wouldn't have overcome | senoŋlarıq tül ediŋoŋlarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have overcome | oloŋlarıq tül edioŋlarıq tül edhe wouldn't have overcome | bizoŋlarıq tül edikoŋlarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have overcome | sizoŋlarıq tül edigizoŋlarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have overcome | alaoŋlarıq tül edileoŋlarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have overcome |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menoŋlasamif I overcome | senoŋlasaŋif you overcome | oloŋlasaif he overcomes | bizoŋlasaqif we overcome | sizoŋlasağızif you all overcome | alaoŋlasalaif they overcome |
| Conditional | menoŋlamasamif I don't overcome | senoŋlamasaŋif you don't overcome | oloŋlamasaif he doesn't overcome | bizoŋlamasaqif we don't overcome | sizoŋlamasağızif you all don't overcome | alaoŋlamasalaif they don't overcome |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menoŋlay esemif I am overcoming | senoŋlay eseŋif you are overcoming | oloŋlay eseif he is overcoming | bizoŋlay esekif we are overcoming | sizoŋlay esegizif you all are overcoming | alaoŋlay eseleif they are overcoming |
| Conditional, present real | menoŋlamay esemif I am not overcoming | senoŋlamay eseŋif you are not overcoming | oloŋlamay eseif he is not overcoming | bizoŋlamay esekif we are not overcoming | sizoŋlamay esegizif you all are not overcoming | alaoŋlamay eseleif they are not overcoming |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menoŋlasam edioŋlasam edif only I overcame | senoŋlasaŋ edioŋlasaŋ edif only you overcame | oloŋlasa edioŋlasaedif only he overcame | bizoŋlasaq edioŋlasaq edif only we overcame | sizoŋlasağız edioŋlasağız edif only you all overcame | alaoŋlasala edioŋlasalaedif only they overcame |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menoŋlamasam edioŋlamasam edif only I didn't overcome | senoŋlamasaŋ edioŋlamasaŋ edif only you didn't overcome | oloŋlamasa edioŋlamasaedif only he didn't overcome | bizoŋlamasaq edioŋlamasaq edif only we didn't overcome | sizoŋlamasağız edioŋlamasağız edif only you all didn't overcome | alaoŋlamasala edioŋlamasalaedif only they didn't overcome |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menoŋlab tursamif I carry on overcoming | senoŋlab tursaŋif you carry on overcoming | oloŋlab tursaif he carries on overcoming | bizoŋlab tursaqif we carry on overcoming | sizoŋlab tursağızif you all carry on overcoming | alaoŋlab tursalaif they carry on overcoming |
| Durative conditional | menoŋlab turmasamif I don't carry on overcoming | senoŋlab turmasaŋif you don't carry on overcoming | oloŋlab turmasaif he doesn't carry on overcoming | bizoŋlab turmasaqif we don't carry on overcoming | sizoŋlab turmasağızif you all don't carry on overcoming | alaoŋlab turmasalaif they don't carry on overcoming |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menoŋlab tura esemif I have kept overcoming | senoŋlab tura eseŋif you have kept overcoming | oloŋlab tura eseif he has kept overcoming | bizoŋlab tura esekif we have kept overcoming | sizoŋlab tura esegizif you all have kept overcoming | alaoŋlab tura eseleif they have kept overcoming |
| Durative conditional, present real | menoŋlab turmay esemif I haven't kept overcoming | senoŋlab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept overcoming | oloŋlab turmay eseif he hasn't kept overcoming | bizoŋlab turmay esekif we haven't kept overcoming | sizoŋlab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept overcoming | alaoŋlab turmay eseleif they haven't kept overcoming |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menoŋlay tursamif I keep overcoming | senoŋlay tursaŋif you keep overcoming | oloŋlay tursaif he keeps overcoming | bizoŋlay tursaqif we keep overcoming | sizoŋlay tursağızif you all keep overcoming | alaoŋlay tursalaif they keep overcoming |
| Progressive conditional | menoŋlamay tursamif I keep on not overcoming | senoŋlamay tursaŋif you keep on not overcoming | oloŋlamay tursaif he keeps on not overcoming | bizoŋlamay tursaqif we keep on not overcoming | sizoŋlamay tursağızif you all keep on not overcoming | alaoŋlamay tursalaif they keep on not overcoming |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menoŋlay tura esemif I am in the middle of overcoming | senoŋlay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of overcoming | oloŋlay tura eseif he is in the middle of overcoming | bizoŋlay tura esekif we are in the middle of overcoming | sizoŋlay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of overcoming | alaoŋlay tura eseleif they are in the middle of overcoming |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menoŋlamay tura esemif I keep on not overcoming | senoŋlamay tura eseŋif you keep on not overcoming | oloŋlamay tura eseif he keeps on not overcoming | bizoŋlamay tura esekif we keep on not overcoming | sizoŋlamay tura esegizif you all keep on not overcoming | alaoŋlamay tura eseleif they keep on not overcoming |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menoŋladım esemif I overcame | senoŋladıŋ eseŋif you overcame | oloŋladı eseif he overcame | bizoŋladıq esekif we overcame | sizoŋladığız esegizif you all overcame | alaoŋladıla eseleif they overcame |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menoŋlamadım esemif I didn't overcome | senoŋlamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't overcome | oloŋlamadı eseif he didn't overcome | bizoŋlamadıq esekif we didn't overcome | sizoŋlamadığız esegizif you all didn't overcome | alaoŋlamadıla eseleif they didn't overcome |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menoŋlağan esemif I did overcome (indeed) | senoŋlağan eseŋif you did overcome (indeed) | oloŋlağan eseif he did overcome (indeed) | bizoŋlağan esekif we did overcome (indeed) | sizoŋlağan esegizif you all did overcome (indeed) | alaoŋlağan eseleif they did overcome (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menoŋlamağan esemif I didn't overcome (indeed) | senoŋlamağan eseŋif you didn't overcome (indeed) | oloŋlamağan eseif he didn't overcome (indeed) | bizoŋlamağan esekif we didn't overcome (indeed) | sizoŋlamağan esegizif you all didn't overcome (indeed) | alaoŋlamağan eseleif they didn't overcome (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menoŋlağan bolsamif I had overcome | senoŋlağan bolsaŋif you had overcome | oloŋlağan bolsaif he had overcome | bizoŋlağan bolsaqif we had overcome | sizoŋlağan bolsağızif you all had overcome | alaoŋlağan bolsalaif they had overcome |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menoŋlamağan bolsamif I hadn't overcome | senoŋlamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't overcome | oloŋlamağan bolsaif he hadn't overcome | bizoŋlamağan bolsaqif we hadn't overcome | sizoŋlamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't overcome | alaoŋlamağan bolsalaif they hadn't overcome |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menoŋlağan bolsam edioŋlağan bolsam edif only I had overcome | senoŋlağan bolsaŋ edioŋlağan bolsaŋ edif only you had overcome | oloŋlağan bolsa edioŋlağan bolsaedif only he had overcome | bizoŋlağan bolsaq edioŋlağan bolsaq edif only we had overcome | sizoŋlağan bolsağız edioŋlağan bolsağız edif only you all had overcome | alaoŋlağan bolsala edioŋlağan bolsalaedif only they had overcome |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menoŋlamağan bolsam edioŋlamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't overcome | senoŋlamağan bolsaŋ edioŋlamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't overcome | oloŋlamağan bolsa edioŋlamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't overcome | bizoŋlamağan bolsaq edioŋlamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't overcome | sizoŋlamağan bolsağız edioŋlamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't overcome | alaoŋlamağan bolsala edioŋlamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't overcome |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menoŋlar esemif I will overcome | senoŋlar eseŋif you will overcome | oloŋlar eseif he will overcome | bizoŋlar esekif we will overcome | sizoŋlar esegizif you all will overcome | alaoŋlar eseleif they will overcome |
| Conditional, aorist | menoŋlamaz esemif I won't overcome | senoŋlamaz eseŋif you won't overcome | oloŋlamaz eseif he won't overcome | bizoŋlamaz esekif we won't overcome | sizoŋlamaz esegizif you all won't overcome | alaoŋlamaz eseleif they won't overcome |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menoŋlarıq esemif I am going to overcome | senoŋlarıq eseŋif you are going to overcome | oloŋlarıq eseif he is going to overcome | bizoŋlarıq esekif we are going to overcome | sizoŋlarıq esegizif you all are going to overcome | alaoŋlarıq eseleif they are going to overcome |
| Conditional, future | menoŋlarıq tül esemif I am not going to overcome | senoŋlarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to overcome | oloŋlarıq tül eseif he is not going to overcome | bizoŋlarıq tül esekif we are not going to overcome | sizoŋlarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to overcome | alaoŋlarıq tül eseleif they are not going to overcome |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menoŋlarıq bolsamif I were going to overcome | senoŋlarıq bolsaŋif you were going to overcome | oloŋlarıq bolsaif he were going to overcome | bizoŋlarıq bolsaqif we were going to overcome | sizoŋlarıq bolsağızif you all were going to overcome | alaoŋlarıq bolsalaif they were going to overcome |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menoŋlamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to overcome | senoŋlamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to overcome | oloŋlamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to overcome | bizoŋlamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to overcome | sizoŋlamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to overcome | alaoŋlamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to overcome |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso oŋladıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menoŋlay bolurmaI must be overcoming | senoŋlay bolursayou must be overcoming | oloŋlay bolurhe must be overcoming | bizoŋlay bolurbuzwe must be overcoming | sizoŋlay bolursuzyou all must be overcoming | alaoŋlay bolurlathey must be overcoming |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menoŋlamay bolurmaI must not be overcoming | senoŋlamay bolursayou must not be overcoming | oloŋlamay bolurhe must not be overcoming | bizoŋlamay bolurbuzwe must not be overcoming | sizoŋlamay bolursuzyou all must not be overcoming | alaoŋlamay bolurlathey must not be overcoming |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menoŋlay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of overcoming | senoŋlay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of overcoming | oloŋlay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of overcoming | bizoŋlay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of overcoming | sizoŋlay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of overcoming | alaoŋlay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of overcoming |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menoŋlamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not overcoming | senoŋlamay tura bolursayou must keep on not overcoming | oloŋlamay tura bolurhe must keep on not overcoming | bizoŋlamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not overcoming | sizoŋlamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not overcoming | alaoŋlamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not overcoming |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menoŋlağan bolurmaI must have overcome | senoŋlağan bolursayou must have overcome | oloŋlağan bolurhe must have overcome | bizoŋlağan bolurbuzwe must have overcome | sizoŋlağan bolursuzyou all must have overcome | alaoŋlağan bolurlathey must have overcome |
| Inference (must have) | menoŋlamağan bolurmaI must not have overcome | senoŋlamağan bolursayou must not have overcome | oloŋlamağan bolurhe must not have overcome | bizoŋlamağan bolurbuzwe must not have overcome | sizoŋlamağan bolursuzyou all must not have overcome | alaoŋlamağan bolurlathey must not have overcome |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menoŋlarıq bolurmaI must be going to overcome | senoŋlarıq bolursayou must be going to overcome | oloŋlarıq bolurhe must be going to overcome | bizoŋlarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to overcome | sizoŋlarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to overcome | alaoŋlarıq bolurlathey must be going to overcome |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menoŋlamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to overcome | senoŋlamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to overcome | oloŋlamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to overcome | bizoŋlamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to overcome | sizoŋlamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to overcome | alaoŋlamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to overcome |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menoŋlayımlet me overcome | senoŋla!overcome! | oloŋlasınlet him overcome | bizoŋlayıqlet's overcome | sizoŋlağız!overcome, you all! | alaoŋlasınlalet them overcome |
| Commands & suggestions | menoŋlamayımlet me not overcome | senoŋlama!don't overcome! | oloŋlamasınlet him not overcome | bizoŋlamayıqlet's not overcome | sizoŋlamağız!don't overcome, you all! | alaoŋlamasınlalet them not overcome |
| Commands & suggestions | menoŋlayımmı?shall I overcome? | oloŋlasınmı?should he overcome? | bizoŋlayıqmı?shall we overcome? | alaoŋlasınlamı?should they overcome? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menoŋlamayımmı?shall I not overcome? | oloŋlamasınmı?should he not overcome? | bizoŋlamayıqmı?shall we not overcome? | alaoŋlamasınlamı?should they not overcome? | ||
| Requests | senoŋlaçı2oŋlaçınplease overcome | oloŋlasınçıdo let him overcome | sizoŋlaçığızplease overcome (plural/polite) | alaoŋlasınlaçıdo let them overcome | ||
| Requests | senoŋlamaçı2oŋlamaçınplease don't overcome | oloŋlamasınçıdo let him not overcome | sizoŋlamaçığızplease don't overcome (plural/polite) | alaoŋlamasınlaçıdo let them not overcome | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senoŋlağınoŋlağımay you overcome | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senoŋlamağınoŋlamağımay you not overcome | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menoŋlağay edim oŋlağa edimwould that I overcame | senoŋlağay ediŋ oŋlağa ediŋwould that you overcame | oloŋlağay edi oŋlağa ediwould that he overcame | bizoŋlağay edik oŋlağa edikwould that we overcame | sizoŋlağay edigiz oŋlağa edigizwould that you all overcame | alaoŋlağay edile oŋlağa edilewould that they overcame |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menoŋlamağay edim oŋlamağa edimwould that I did not overcome | senoŋlamağay ediŋ oŋlamağa ediŋwould that you did not overcome | oloŋlamağay edi oŋlamağa ediwould that he did not overcome | bizoŋlamağay edik oŋlamağa edikwould that we did not overcome | sizoŋlamağay edigiz oŋlamağa edigizwould that you all did not overcome | alaoŋlamağay edile oŋlamağa edilewould that they did not overcome |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menoŋlamağa qoyayımoŋlama qoyayımlet me allow someone to overcome | senoŋlamağa qoy!oŋlama qoy!let someone overcome! | oloŋlamağa qoysunoŋlama qoysunlet him allow someone to overcome | bizoŋlamağa qoyayıqoŋlama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to overcome | sizoŋlamağa qoyuğuz!oŋlama qoyuğuz!let someone overcome, you all! | alaoŋlamağa qoysunlaoŋlama qoysunlalet them allow someone to overcome |
| Let someone… (commands) | menoŋlamağa qoymayımoŋlama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to overcome | senoŋlamağa qoyma!oŋlama qoyma!don't let someone overcome! | oloŋlamağa qoymasınoŋlama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to overcome | bizoŋlamağa qoymayıqoŋlama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to overcome | sizoŋlamağa qoymağız!oŋlama qoymağız!don't let someone overcome, you all! | alaoŋlamağa qoymasınlaoŋlama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to overcome |
| Let someone… (commands) | menoŋlamağa qoyayımmı?oŋlama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to overcome? | oloŋlamağa qoysunmu?oŋlama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to overcome? | bizoŋlamağa qoyayıqmı?oŋlama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to overcome? | alaoŋlamağa qoysunlamı?oŋlama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to overcome? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menoŋlamağa qoymayımmı?oŋlama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to overcome? | oloŋlamağa qoymasınmı?oŋlama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to overcome? | bizoŋlamağa qoymayıqmı?oŋlama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to overcome? | alaoŋlamağa qoymasınlamı?oŋlama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to overcome? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menoŋlamağa qoyamaoŋlama qoyamaI allow someone to overcome | senoŋlamağa qoyasaoŋlama qoyasayou allow someone to overcome | oloŋlamağa qoyadıoŋlama qoyadıhe allows someone to overcome | bizoŋlamağa qoyabızoŋlama qoyabızwe allow someone to overcome | sizoŋlamağa qoyasızoŋlama qoyasızyou all allow someone to overcome | alaoŋlamağa qoyadılaoŋlama qoyadılathey allow someone to overcome |
| Let someone… (present) | menoŋlamağa qoymaymaoŋlama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to overcome | senoŋlamağa qoymaysaoŋlama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to overcome | oloŋlamağa qoymaydıoŋlama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to overcome | bizoŋlamağa qoymaybızoŋlama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to overcome | sizoŋlamağa qoymaysızoŋlama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to overcome | alaoŋlamağa qoymaydılaoŋlama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to overcome |
| Let someone… (present) | menoŋlamağa qoyamamı?oŋlama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to overcome? | senoŋlamağa qoyamısa?oŋlama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to overcome? | oloŋlamağa qoyamıdı?oŋlama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to overcome? | bizoŋlamağa qoyabızmı?oŋlama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to overcome? | sizoŋlamağa qoyamısız?oŋlama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to overcome? | alaoŋlamağa qoyamıdıla?oŋlama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to overcome? |
| Let someone… (present) | menoŋlamağa qoymaymamı?oŋlama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to overcome? | senoŋlamağa qoymaymısa?oŋlama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to overcome? | oloŋlamağa qoymaymıdı?oŋlama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to overcome? | bizoŋlamağa qoymaybızmı?oŋlama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to overcome? | sizoŋlamağa qoymaymısız?oŋlama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to overcome? | alaoŋlamağa qoymaymıdıla?oŋlama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to overcome? |
| Let someone… (past) | menoŋlamağa qoydumoŋlama qoydumI allowed someone to overcome | senoŋlamağa qoyduŋoŋlama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to overcome | oloŋlamağa qoyduoŋlama qoyduhe allowed someone to overcome | bizoŋlamağa qoyduqoŋlama qoyduqwe allowed someone to overcome | sizoŋlamağa qoyduğuzoŋlama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to overcome | alaoŋlamağa qoydulaoŋlama qoydulathey allowed someone to overcome |
| Let someone… (past) | menoŋlamağa qoymadımoŋlama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to overcome | senoŋlamağa qoymadıŋoŋlama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to overcome | oloŋlamağa qoymadıoŋlama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to overcome | bizoŋlamağa qoymadıqoŋlama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to overcome | sizoŋlamağa qoymadığızoŋlama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to overcome | alaoŋlamağa qoymadılaoŋlama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to overcome |
| Let someone… (past) | menoŋlamağa qoydummu?oŋlama qoydummu?did I allow someone to overcome? | senoŋlamağa qoyduŋmu?oŋlama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to overcome? | oloŋlamağa qoydumu?oŋlama qoydumu?did he allow someone to overcome? | bizoŋlamağa qoyduqmu?oŋlama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to overcome? | sizoŋlamağa qoyduğuzmu?oŋlama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to overcome? | alaoŋlamağa qoydulamı?oŋlama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to overcome? |
| Let someone… (past) | menoŋlamağa qoymadımmı?oŋlama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to overcome? | senoŋlamağa qoymadıŋmı?oŋlama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to overcome? | oloŋlamağa qoymadımı?oŋlama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to overcome? | bizoŋlamağa qoymadıqmı?oŋlama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to overcome? | sizoŋlamağa qoymadığızmı?oŋlama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to overcome? | alaoŋlamağa qoymadılamı?oŋlama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to overcome? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menoŋlayalamaI can overcome | senoŋlayalasayou can overcome | oloŋlayaladıhe can overcome | bizoŋlayalabızwe can overcome | sizoŋlayalasızyou all can overcome | alaoŋlayaladılathey can overcome |
| Ability — present | menoŋlayalmaymaI can't overcome | senoŋlayalmaysayou can't overcome | oloŋlayalmaydıhe can't overcome | bizoŋlayalmaybızwe can't overcome | sizoŋlayalmaysızyou all can't overcome | alaoŋlayalmaydılathey can't overcome |
| Ability — present | menoŋlayalamamı? oŋlayalamıma?can I overcome? | senoŋlayalamısa?can you overcome? | oloŋlayalamıdı?can he overcome? | bizoŋlayalabızmı? oŋlayalamıbız?can we overcome? | sizoŋlayalamısız?can you all overcome? | alaoŋlayalamıdıla?can they overcome? |
| Ability — present | menoŋlayalmaymamı? oŋlayalmaymıma?can't I overcome? | senoŋlayalmaymısa?can't you overcome? | oloŋlayalmaymıdı?can't he overcome? | bizoŋlayalmaybızmı? oŋlayalmaymıbız?can't we overcome? | sizoŋlayalmaymısız?can't you all overcome? | alaoŋlayalmaymıdıla?can't they overcome? |
| Ability — if I can… | menoŋlayalsamif I can overcome | senoŋlayalsaŋif you can overcome | oloŋlayalsaif he can overcome | bizoŋlayalsaqif we can overcome | sizoŋlayalsağızif you all can overcome | alaoŋlayalsalaif they can overcome |
| Ability — if I can… | menoŋlayalmasamif I can't overcome | senoŋlayalmasaŋif you can't overcome | oloŋlayalmasaif he can't overcome | bizoŋlayalmasaqif we can't overcome | sizoŋlayalmasağızif you all can't overcome | alaoŋlayalmasalaif they can't overcome |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menoŋlayaldımI was able to overcome | senoŋlayaldıŋyou were able to overcome | oloŋlayaldıhe was able to overcome | bizoŋlayaldıqwe were able to overcome | sizoŋlayaldığızyou all were able to overcome | alaoŋlayaldılathey were able to overcome |
| Ability — simple past | menoŋlayalmadımI could not overcome | senoŋlayalmadıŋyou could not overcome | oloŋlayalmadıhe could not overcome | bizoŋlayalmadıqwe could not overcome | sizoŋlayalmadığızyou all could not overcome | alaoŋlayalmadılathey could not overcome |
| Ability — simple past | menoŋlayaldımmı?was I able to overcome? | senoŋlayaldıŋmı?were you able to overcome? | oloŋlayaldımı?was he able to overcome? | bizoŋlayaldıqmı?were we able to overcome? | sizoŋlayaldığızmı?were you all able to overcome? | alaoŋlayaldılamı?were they able to overcome? |
| Ability — simple past | menoŋlayalmadımmı?couldn't I overcome? | senoŋlayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you overcome? | oloŋlayalmadımı?couldn't he overcome? | bizoŋlayalmadıqmı?couldn't we overcome? | sizoŋlayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all overcome? | alaoŋlayalmadılamı?couldn't they overcome? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menoŋlayalğanmaI have been able to overcome | senoŋlayalğansayou have been able to overcome | oloŋlayalğandıhe has been able to overcome | bizoŋlayalğanbızwe have been able to overcome | sizoŋlayalğansızyou all have been able to overcome | alaoŋlayalğandılathey have been able to overcome |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menoŋlayalmağanmaI haven't been able to overcome | senoŋlayalmağansayou haven't been able to overcome | oloŋlayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to overcome | bizoŋlayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to overcome | sizoŋlayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to overcome | alaoŋlayalmağandılathey haven't been able to overcome |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menoŋlayalğanmamı? oŋlayalğanmıma?have I been able to overcome? | senoŋlayalğanmısa?have you been able to overcome? | oloŋlayalğanmıdı?has he been able to overcome? | bizoŋlayalğanbızmı? oŋlayalğanmıbız?have we been able to overcome? | sizoŋlayalğanmısız?have you all been able to overcome? | alaoŋlayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to overcome? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menoŋlayalmağanmamı? oŋlayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to overcome? | senoŋlayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to overcome? | oloŋlayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to overcome? | bizoŋlayalmağanbızmı? oŋlayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to overcome? | sizoŋlayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to overcome? | alaoŋlayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to overcome? |
| Ability — past perfect | menoŋlayalğan edimoŋlayalğanemI had been able to overcome | senoŋlayalğan ediŋoŋlayalğaneŋyou had been able to overcome | oloŋlayalğan edioŋlayalğanedhe had been able to overcome | bizoŋlayalğan edikoŋlayalğanekwe had been able to overcome | sizoŋlayalğan edigizoŋlayalğanegizyou all had been able to overcome | alaoŋlayalğan edileoŋlayalğanellethey had been able to overcome |
| Ability — past perfect | menoŋlayalmağan edimoŋlayalmağanemI hadn't been able to overcome | senoŋlayalmağan ediŋoŋlayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to overcome | oloŋlayalmağan edioŋlayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to overcome | bizoŋlayalmağan edikoŋlayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to overcome | sizoŋlayalmağan edigizoŋlayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to overcome | alaoŋlayalmağan edileoŋlayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to overcome |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menoŋlayala edimoŋlayalaemI could overcome | senoŋlayala ediŋoŋlayalaeŋyou could overcome | oloŋlayala edioŋlayalaedhe could overcome | bizoŋlayala edikoŋlayalaekwe could overcome | sizoŋlayala edigizoŋlayalaegizyou all could overcome | alaoŋlayala edileoŋlayalaellethey could overcome |
| Ability — past background | menoŋlayalmay edimoŋlayalmayemI could not overcome | senoŋlayalmay ediŋoŋlayalmayeŋyou could not overcome | oloŋlayalmay edioŋlayalmayedhe could not overcome | bizoŋlayalmay edikoŋlayalmayekwe could not overcome | sizoŋlayalmay edigizoŋlayalmayegizyou all could not overcome | alaoŋlayalmay edileoŋlayalmayellethey could not overcome |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menoŋlayalırmaI will be able to overcome | senoŋlayalırsayou will be able to overcome | oloŋlayalırhe will be able to overcome | bizoŋlayalırbızwe will be able to overcome | sizoŋlayalırsızyou all will be able to overcome | alaoŋlayalırlathey will be able to overcome |
| Ability — future I | menoŋlayalmazmaI won't be able to overcome | senoŋlayalmazsayou won't be able to overcome | oloŋlayalmazhe won't be able to overcome | bizoŋlayalmazbızwe won't be able to overcome | sizoŋlayalmazsızyou all won't be able to overcome | alaoŋlayalmazlathey won't be able to overcome |
| Ability — future I | menoŋlayalırmamı? oŋlayalırmıma?will I be able to overcome? | senoŋlayalırmısa?will you be able to overcome? | oloŋlayalırmı?will he be able to overcome? | bizoŋlayalırbızmı? oŋlayalırmıbız?will we be able to overcome? | sizoŋlayalırmısız?will you all be able to overcome? | alaoŋlayalırlamı? oŋlayalırmıla?will they be able to overcome? |
| Ability — future I | menoŋlayalmazmamı? oŋlayalmazmıma?won't I be able to overcome? | senoŋlayalmazmısa?won't you be able to overcome? | oloŋlayalmazmı?won't he be able to overcome? | bizoŋlayalmazbızmı? oŋlayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to overcome? | sizoŋlayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to overcome? | alaoŋlayalmazlamı? oŋlayalmazmıla?won't they be able to overcome? |
| Ability — future II | menoŋlayallıqmaI am going to be able to overcome | senoŋlayallıqsayou are going to be able to overcome | oloŋlayallıqdıhe is going to be able to overcome | bizoŋlayallıqbızwe are going to be able to overcome | sizoŋlayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to overcome | alaoŋlayallıqdılathey are going to be able to overcome |
| Ability — future II | menoŋlayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to overcome | senoŋlayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to overcome | oloŋlayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to overcome | bizoŋlayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to overcome | sizoŋlayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to overcome | alaoŋlayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to overcome |
| Ability — future II | menoŋlayallıqmamı? oŋlayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to overcome? | senoŋlayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to overcome? | oloŋlayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to overcome? | bizoŋlayallıqbızmı? oŋlayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to overcome? | sizoŋlayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to overcome? | alaoŋlayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to overcome? |
| Ability — future II | menoŋlayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to overcome? | senoŋlayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to overcome? | oloŋlayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to overcome? | bizoŋlayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to overcome? | sizoŋlayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to overcome? | alaoŋlayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to overcome? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menoŋlayalır edimoŋlayalır emI would be able to overcome | senoŋlayalır ediŋoŋlayalır eŋyou would be able to overcome | oloŋlayalır edioŋlayalır edhe would be able to overcome | bizoŋlayalır edikoŋlayalır ekwe would be able to overcome | sizoŋlayalır edigizoŋlayalır egizyou all would be able to overcome | alaoŋlayalır edileoŋlayalır ellethey would be able to overcome |
| Ability — would be able to… | menoŋlayalmaz edimoŋlayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to overcome | senoŋlayalmaz ediŋoŋlayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to overcome | oloŋlayalmaz edioŋlayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to overcome | bizoŋlayalmaz edikoŋlayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to overcome | sizoŋlayalmaz edigizoŋlayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to overcome | alaoŋlayalmaz edileoŋlayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to overcome |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senoŋlayalğınoŋlayalğımay you be able to overcome | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senoŋlayalmağınoŋlayalmağımay you not be able to overcome | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menoŋlarğa izleymeI want to overcome | senoŋlarğa izleyseyou want to overcome | oloŋlarğa izleydihe wants to overcome | bizoŋlarğa izleybizwe want to overcome | sizoŋlarğa izleysizyou all want to overcome | alaoŋlarğa izleydilethey want to overcome |
| want to | menoŋlarğa izlemeymeI do not want to overcome | senoŋlarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to overcome | oloŋlarğa izlemeydihe does not want to overcome | bizoŋlarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to overcome | sizoŋlarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to overcome | alaoŋlarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to overcome |
| would like to | menoŋlarğa süemeI would like to overcome | senoŋlarğa süeseyou would like to overcome | oloŋlarğa süedihe would like to overcome | bizoŋlarğa süebizwe would like to overcome | sizoŋlarğa süesizyou all would like to overcome | alaoŋlarğa süedilethey would like to overcome |
| would like to | menoŋlarğa süymeymeI would not like to overcome | senoŋlarğa süymeyseyou would not like to overcome | oloŋlarğa süymeydihe would not like to overcome | bizoŋlarğa süymeybizwe would not like to overcome | sizoŋlarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to overcome | alaoŋlarğa süymeydilethey would not like to overcome |
| hope to | menoŋlarğa umutlanamaI hope to overcome | senoŋlarğa umutlanasayou hope to overcome | oloŋlarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to overcome | bizoŋlarğa umutlanabızwe hope to overcome | sizoŋlarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to overcome | alaoŋlarğa umutlanadılathey hope to overcome |
| hope to | menoŋlarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to overcome | senoŋlarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to overcome | oloŋlarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to overcome | bizoŋlarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to overcome | sizoŋlarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to overcome | alaoŋlarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to overcome |
| be about to | menoŋlarğa deb turamaI am about to overcome | senoŋlarğa deb turasayou are about to overcome | oloŋlarğa deb turadıhe is about to overcome | bizoŋlarğa deb turabızwe are about to overcome | sizoŋlarğa deb turasızyou all are about to overcome | alaoŋlarğa deb turadılathey are about to overcome |
| be about to | menoŋlarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to overcome | senoŋlarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to overcome | oloŋlarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to overcome | bizoŋlarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to overcome | sizoŋlarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to overcome | alaoŋlarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to overcome |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menoŋlarğa kerekmeI need to overcome | senoŋlarğa kerekseyou need to overcome | oloŋlarğa kerekdihe needs to overcome | bizoŋlarğa kerekbizwe need to overcome | sizoŋlarğa kereksizyou all need to overcome | alaoŋlarğa kerekdilethey need to overcome |
| need to | menoŋlarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to overcome | senoŋlarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to overcome | oloŋlarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to overcome | bizoŋlarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to overcome | sizoŋlarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to overcome | alaoŋlarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to overcome |
| have to | menmenŋe oŋlarğa tüşediI have to overcome | sensenŋe oŋlarğa tüşediyou have to overcome | olaŋa oŋlarğa tüşedihe has to overcome | bizbizge oŋlarğa tüşediwe have to overcome | sizsizge oŋlarğa tüşediyou all have to overcome | alaalağa oŋlarğa tüşedithey have to overcome |
| have to | menmenŋe oŋlarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to overcome | sensenŋe oŋlarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to overcome | olaŋa oŋlarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to overcome | bizbizge oŋlarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to overcome | sizsizge oŋlarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to overcome | alaalağa oŋlarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to overcome |
| be obliged to | menoŋlarğa borçlumaI am obliged to overcome | senoŋlarğa borçlusayou are obliged to overcome | oloŋlarğa borçluduhe is obliged to overcome | bizoŋlarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to overcome | sizoŋlarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to overcome | alaoŋlarğa borçludulathey are obliged to overcome |
| be obliged to | menoŋlarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to overcome | senoŋlarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to overcome | oloŋlarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to overcome | bizoŋlarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to overcome | sizoŋlarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to overcome | alaoŋlarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to overcome |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menoŋlarğa madarım bardıI have a way to overcome | senoŋlarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to overcome | oloŋlarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to overcome | bizoŋlarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to overcome | sizoŋlarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to overcome | alaoŋlarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to overcome |
| have a way to | menoŋlarğa madarım joqduI have no way to overcome | senoŋlarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to overcome | oloŋlarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to overcome | bizoŋlarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to overcome | sizoŋlarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to overcome | alaoŋlarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to overcome |
| be free to | menoŋlarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to overcome | senoŋlarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to overcome | oloŋlarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to overcome | bizoŋlarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to overcome | sizoŋlarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to overcome | alaoŋlarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to overcome |
| be free to | menoŋlarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to overcome | senoŋlarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to overcome | oloŋlarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to overcome | bizoŋlarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to overcome | sizoŋlarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to overcome | alaoŋlarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to overcome |
| be possible to | menmenŋe oŋlarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to overcome | sensenŋe oŋlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to overcome | olaŋa oŋlarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to overcome | bizbizge oŋlarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to overcome | sizsizge oŋlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to overcome | alaalağa oŋlarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to overcome |
| be possible to | menmenŋe oŋlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to overcome | sensenŋe oŋlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to overcome | olaŋa oŋlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to overcome | bizbizge oŋlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to overcome | sizsizge oŋlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to overcome | alaalağa oŋlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to overcome |
| be ready to | menoŋlarğa hazırmaI am ready to overcome | senoŋlarğa hazırsayou are ready to overcome | oloŋlarğa hazırdıhe is ready to overcome | bizoŋlarğa hazırbızwe are ready to overcome | sizoŋlarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to overcome | alaoŋlarğa hazırdılathey are ready to overcome |
| be ready to | menoŋlarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to overcome | senoŋlarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to overcome | oloŋlarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to overcome | bizoŋlarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to overcome | sizoŋlarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to overcome | alaoŋlarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to overcome |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menoŋlarğa küreşemeI am trying to overcome | senoŋlarğa küreşeseyou are trying to overcome | oloŋlarğa küreşedihe is trying to overcome | bizoŋlarğa küreşebizwe are trying to overcome | sizoŋlarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to overcome | alaoŋlarğa küreşedilethey are trying to overcome |
| try to | menoŋlarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to overcome | senoŋlarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to overcome | oloŋlarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to overcome | bizoŋlarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to overcome | sizoŋlarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to overcome | alaoŋlarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to overcome |
| agree to | menoŋlarğa unaymaI agree to overcome | senoŋlarğa unaysayou agree to overcome | oloŋlarğa unaydıhe agrees to overcome | bizoŋlarğa unaybızwe agree to overcome | sizoŋlarğa unaysızyou all agree to overcome | alaoŋlarğa unaydılathey agree to overcome |
| agree to | menoŋlarğa unamaymaI refuse to overcome | senoŋlarğa unamaysayou refuse to overcome | oloŋlarğa unamaydıhe refuses to overcome | bizoŋlarğa unamaybızwe refuse to overcome | sizoŋlarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to overcome | alaoŋlarğa unamaydılathey refuse to overcome |
| hurry to | menoŋlarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to overcome | senoŋlarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to overcome | oloŋlarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to overcome | bizoŋlarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to overcome | sizoŋlarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to overcome | alaoŋlarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to overcome |
| hurry to | menoŋlarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to overcome | senoŋlarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to overcome | oloŋlarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to overcome | bizoŋlarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to overcome | sizoŋlarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to overcome | alaoŋlarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to overcome |
| be afraid to | menoŋlarğa qorqamaI am afraid to overcome | senoŋlarğa qorqasayou are afraid to overcome | oloŋlarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to overcome | bizoŋlarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to overcome | sizoŋlarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to overcome | alaoŋlarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to overcome |
| be afraid to | menoŋlarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to overcome | senoŋlarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to overcome | oloŋlarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to overcome | bizoŋlarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to overcome | sizoŋlarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to overcome | alaoŋlarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to overcome |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menoŋlay bolmazmaI can't be overcoming | senoŋlay bolmazsayou can't be overcoming | oloŋlay bolmazhe can't be overcoming | bizoŋlay bolmazbızwe can't be overcoming | sizoŋlay bolmazsızyou all can't be overcoming | alaoŋlay bolmazlathey can't be overcoming |
| Inference, present — double negation | menoŋlamay bolmazmaI must be overcoming (emphatic) | senoŋlamay bolmazsayou must be overcoming (emphatic) | oloŋlamay bolmazhe must be overcoming (emphatic) | bizoŋlamay bolmazbızwe must be overcoming (emphatic) | sizoŋlamay bolmazsızyou all must be overcoming (emphatic) | alaoŋlamay bolmazlathey must be overcoming (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menoŋlay turmasamif I don't keep overcoming | senoŋlay turmasaŋif you don't keep overcoming | oloŋlay turmasaif he doesn't keep overcoming | bizoŋlay turmasaqif we don't keep overcoming | sizoŋlay turmasağızif you all don't keep overcoming | alaoŋlay turmasalaif they don't keep overcoming |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menoŋlay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of overcoming | senoŋlay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of overcoming | oloŋlay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of overcoming | bizoŋlay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of overcoming | sizoŋlay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of overcoming | alaoŋlay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of overcoming |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menoŋlamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not overcoming (emphatic) | senoŋlamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not overcoming (emphatic) | oloŋlamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not overcoming (emphatic) | bizoŋlamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not overcoming (emphatic) | sizoŋlamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not overcoming (emphatic) | alaoŋlamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not overcoming (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menoŋlamay turamaI keep on not overcoming | senoŋlamay turasayou keep on not overcoming | oloŋlamay turadıhe keeps on not overcoming | bizoŋlamay turabızwe keep on not overcoming | sizoŋlamay turasızyou all keep on not overcoming | alaoŋlamay turadılathey keep on not overcoming |
| Progressive — double negation | menoŋlamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not overcoming | senoŋlamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not overcoming | oloŋlamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not overcoming | bizoŋlamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not overcoming | sizoŋlamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not overcoming | alaoŋlamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not overcoming |
| Progressive — double negation | menoŋlamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not overcoming? | senoŋlamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not overcoming? | oloŋlamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not overcoming? | bizoŋlamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not overcoming? | sizoŋlamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not overcoming? | alaoŋlamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not overcoming? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menoŋlağan bolmazmaI can't have overcome | senoŋlağan bolmazsayou can't have overcome | oloŋlağan bolmazhe can't have overcome | bizoŋlağan bolmazbızwe can't have overcome | sizoŋlağan bolmazsızyou all can't have overcome | alaoŋlağan bolmazlathey can't have overcome |
| Inference — double negation | menoŋlamağan bolmazmaI must have overcome (emphatic) | senoŋlamağan bolmazsayou must have overcome (emphatic) | oloŋlamağan bolmazhe must have overcome (emphatic) | bizoŋlamağan bolmazbızwe must have overcome (emphatic) | sizoŋlamağan bolmazsızyou all must have overcome (emphatic) | alaoŋlamağan bolmazlathey must have overcome (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menoŋlağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had overcome | senoŋlağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had overcome | oloŋlağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had overcome | bizoŋlağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had overcome | sizoŋlağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had overcome | alaoŋlağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had overcome |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menoŋlamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't overcome | senoŋlamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't overcome | oloŋlamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't overcome | bizoŋlamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't overcome | sizoŋlamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't overcome | alaoŋlamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't overcome |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menoŋlarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to overcome | senoŋlarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to overcome | oloŋlarıq bolmazhe can't be going to overcome | bizoŋlarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to overcome | sizoŋlarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to overcome | alaoŋlarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to overcome |
| Inference, future — double negation | menoŋlamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to overcome (emphatic) | senoŋlamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to overcome (emphatic) | oloŋlamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to overcome (emphatic) | bizoŋlamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to overcome (emphatic) | sizoŋlamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to overcome (emphatic) | alaoŋlamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to overcome (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menoŋlarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to overcome | senoŋlarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to overcome | oloŋlarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to overcome | bizoŋlarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to overcome | sizoŋlarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to overcome | alaoŋlarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to overcome |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menoŋlamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to overcome | senoŋlamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to overcome | oloŋlamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to overcome | bizoŋlamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to overcome | sizoŋlamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to overcome | alaoŋlamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to overcome |