orun
/orun/ · plural orunla
1. place, spot, location, space
- kitabnı ornuna sal — put the book in its place
- har zatnı kesi ornuna sal — put everything in its own place
- har zat ornuna jaraşdı — everything fell into its place
- oltururğa orun joqdu — there is no place to sit
- taw arasında ariw orun tabdıq — we found a beautiful place among the mountains
- sen meni ornumda bolsaŋ — if you were in my place
- ornuŋdan tebmezge — not to move from one's place
- bu orunda eski qala bolğan — in this place there was an old fortress
2. seat, sitting place — Used of a seat kept for one person, as on a train, in a theater or in a hotel.
- menŋe orun berdile — they gave me a seat
- orun berirge — to give up one's seat
- sıylı orun — an honored seat
- jumuşaq orun — a soft seat
3. rank, standing, place — Used of where someone stands in sport, work, or society.
- birinçi orunnu alırğa — to take first place
- birinçi orunnu aldı — he took first place
- ekinçi orunnu aldıla — they took second place
- sıylı orun tutadı — holds an esteemed position
4. post, job, official position
- ol ornundan çıqdı — he left his post
- ornuŋdan çığarğa — to leave one's post
- ornun toltururğa — to perform someone's duties
5. bed, bedding
- taŋda ornundan qobdu — he got up from his bed at dawn
- orunda jatıw — lying in bed
- arığan adamğa orun — a bed for a tired person
- qonaqğa orun etdik — we made a bed for the guest
6. shed, pen, enclosure for livestock
- mal orun — cattle shed
- tawuq orun — henhouse
- mal orunda jılı edi — it was warm in the cattle shed
- tawuq orun işledile — they built a henhouse
- tawuq orunnu açdıla — they opened the henhouse
7. container, receptacle — Usually follows the word for whatever the container holds.
- tuz orun — saltcellar
- şeker orun — sugar bowl
- şeker orunnu tolturdum — I filled the sugar bowl
8. plot of land, site — Used of ground set aside for a house, a garden, or a grave.
- üy orun — house plot
- qabır orun — burial plot
- üy orun aldıla — they received a house plot
- qabır orun da qıt bolğandı — burial plots have become scarce too
9. socket, recess — Used of the hollow a tooth or a fitted part sits in.
- tiş orun — tooth socket
- tiş ornu awruydu — the tooth socket aches
- tiş ornu boşdu — the tooth socket is empty
10. frame, mounting — Used of the frame that holds a lens or a similar part.
- közlük orun sındı — the eyeglass frame broke
- jaŋı közlük orun aldım — I bought a new eyeglass frame
Expressions
- orun tabarğa — establish oneself
- qulf orun kibik — cramped and tiny
- aybazlanı eski baw orunlarına jetdirirge — see it through
- bir qozu orundan jaratılırğa — be siblings
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | orunthe place | ornummy place | ornuŋyour place | ornuhis place | ornubuzour place | ornuğuzyou all's place | orunlarıtheir places |
| Genitive | orunnuthe place's | ornumumy place's | ornuŋuyour place's | ornunuhis place's | ornubuznuour place's | ornuğuznuyou all's place's | orunlarınıtheir places' |
| Accusative | orunnuthe place (as the object) | ornumumy place (as the object) | ornuŋuyour place (as the object) | ornunhis place (as the object) | ornubuznuour place (as the object) | ornuğuznuyou all's place (as the object) | orunlarıntheir places (as the object) |
| Dative | orunŋato the place | ornumato my place | ornuŋato your place | ornunato his place | ornubuzğato our place | ornuğuzğato you all's place | orunlarınato their places |
| Locative | orundain / at the place | ornumdain / at my place | ornuŋdain / at your place | ornundain / at his place | ornubuzdain / at our place | ornuğuzdain / at you all's place | orunlarındain / at their places |
| Ablative | orundanfrom the place | ornumdanfrom my place | ornuŋdanfrom your place | ornundanfrom his place | ornubuzdanfrom our place | ornuğuzdanfrom you all's place | orunlarındanfrom their places |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | orunlathe places | orunlarımmy places | orunlarıŋyour places | orunlarıhis places | orunlarıbızour places | orunlarığızyou all's places | orunlarıtheir places |
| Genitive | orunlanıthe places' | orunlarımımy places' | orunlarıŋıyour places' | orunlarınıhis places' | orunlarıbıznıour places' | orunlarığıznıyou all's places' | orunlarınıtheir places' |
| Accusative | orunlanıthe places (as the object) | orunlarımımy places (as the object) | orunlarıŋıyour places (as the object) | orunlarınhis places (as the object) | orunlarıbıznıour places (as the object) | orunlarığıznıyou all's places (as the object) | orunlarıntheir places (as the object) |
| Dative | orunlağato the places | orunlarımato my places | orunlarıŋato your places | orunlarınato his places | orunlarıbızğato our places | orunlarığızğato you all's places | orunlarınato their places |
| Locative | orunladain / at the places | orunlarımdain / at my places | orunlarıŋdain / at your places | orunlarındain / at his places | orunlarıbızdain / at our places | orunlarığızdain / at you all's places | orunlarındain / at their places |
| Ablative | orunladanfrom the places | orunlarımdanfrom my places | orunlarıŋdanfrom your places | orunlarındanfrom his places | orunlarıbızdanfrom our places | orunlarığızdanfrom you all's places | orunlarındanfrom their places |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: orunları can mean "his / her places", "their place", or "their places" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.