melhum
/melxum/
1. abundant, plentiful; living in plenty, prosperous
- melhum jaşaw — a life of plenty
- melhum üy — a well-provided house
- melhum ırıshı — abundant wealth
- alanı jaşawları melhumdu — they live in plenty
- har ne da melhumdu — there is plenty of everything
- jaşawubuz melhum bolğandı — our life has become abundant
- melhum bola baradıla elleribiz — our villages are becoming prosperous
2. abundance, plenty
- melhumğa jeterge — to come into abundance
- melhumğa batarğa — to be immersed in plenty
3. abundantly, plentifully; in plenty, without want
- biz melhum jaşaybız — we live in plenty
- har kim melhum jaşasa — if everyone lives in plenty
- melhum biterge — to grow abundantly
- jüzümle bitgendile melhum — the grapes have grown abundantly
- başha jılladan melhum bitgendile — have grown more abundantly than in other years
- melhum aşarğa — to eat plentifully
As an adjective
Saying it about someone
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | melhummaI am abundant | melhumsayou are abundant | melhumduhe is abundant | melhumbuzwe are abundant | melhumsuzyou all are abundant | melhumdulathey are abundant |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden melhumdu — "compared to me, he is abundant."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki melhumdumine is abundant | seniki melhumduyours is abundant | anıqı melhumduhis is abundant | bizniki melhumduours is abundant | sizniki melhumduyours (pl.) is abundant | alanıqı melhumdutheirs is abundant |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile melhumdulamine are abundant | senikile melhumdulayours are abundant | anıqıla melhumdulahis are abundant | biznikile melhumdulaours are abundant | siznikile melhumdulayours (pl.) are abundant | alanıqıla melhumdulatheirs are abundant |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu melhumdu, bıla melhumdula. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".
As a noun
Cases and owners
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | melhumthe abundance | melhumummy abundance | melhumuŋyour abundance | melhumuhis abundance | melhumubuzour abundance | melhumuğuzyou all's abundance | melhumlarıtheir abundances |
| Genitive | melhumnuthe abundance's | melhumumumy abundance's | melhumuŋuyour abundance's | melhumunuhis abundance's | melhumubuznuour abundance's | melhumuğuznuyou all's abundance's | melhumlarınıtheir abundances' |
| Accusative | melhumnuthe abundance (as the object) | melhumumumy abundance (as the object) | melhumuŋuyour abundance (as the object) | melhumunhis abundance (as the object) | melhumubuznuour abundance (as the object) | melhumuğuznuyou all's abundance (as the object) | melhumlarıntheir abundances (as the object) |
| Dative | melhumğato the abundance | melhumumato my abundance | melhumuŋato your abundance | melhumunato his abundance | melhumubuzğato our abundance | melhumuğuzğato you all's abundance | melhumlarınato their abundances |
| Locative | melhumdain / at the abundance | melhumumdain / at my abundance | melhumuŋdain / at your abundance | melhumundain / at his abundance | melhumubuzdain / at our abundance | melhumuğuzdain / at you all's abundance | melhumlarındain / at their abundances |
| Ablative | melhumdanfrom the abundance | melhumumdanfrom my abundance | melhumuŋdanfrom your abundance | melhumundanfrom his abundance | melhumubuzdanfrom our abundance | melhumuğuzdanfrom you all's abundance | melhumlarındanfrom their abundances |
There is no plural of this word. The ending would attach like any other — it is the word, not the grammar, that refuses: this is not something Karachay counts.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.