kiyerge / kierge
/kijerɡe/, /kierɡe/
1. put on, wear (clothing, footwear, a hat)
- kölek kiyerge — to put on a shirt
- men börk kieme — I wear a hat
- ol jaŋı ton kiygendi — he has put on a new fur coat
- sen ne kiese? — what are you wearing?
- ayaq kiyim kierge — to put on footwear
- başıma kiygen börküm — my hat that I wear on my head
- ton kiyib aylanırğa — to go about wearing a fur coat
- qara kiyerge — to wear black, be in mourning
- qartla erkin kiyim kierge süyüwçüdüle — old people like to wear loose clothing
- kiyimni bir birine kelişdirib kierge — to wear clothes matched to each other
2. be covered, be clothed (in greenery, in leaves)
- ağaçla jaşil kiydile — the woods were clothed in green
- taw etekleri jaşil kiygendile — the foothills have been clothed in green
- jaz kelgende özenle jaşil kiedile — when spring comes the valleys are clothed in green
3. dress (in a certain way) — Used with a word saying how someone dresses.
- jaş tölü ariw kiedi — young people dress beautifully
- sen igi kiese — you dress well
- ol har zamanda ariw kiedi — she always dresses beautifully
- qızla ariw kiygendile — the girls were dressed beautifully
Expressions
- bir kün kiygenin ekinçi kün kiymezge — live in luxury
- alçi kiyirge — wear hat cocked
- başına börk kiyirge — be a man
- başına kişi börkün kiymezge — keep oneself untainted
Conjugation
Common forms
- kiyedihe is wearing
- kiydihe wore
- kiygendihe has worn
- kiyerhe will wear
- kiyerikdihe is going to wear
- kiye edihe was wearing
- kiyseif he wears
- kiy!wear!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkiyemeI am wearing | senkiyeseyou are wearing | olkiyedihe is wearing | bizkiyebizwe are wearing | sizkiyesizyou all are wearing | alakiyedilethey are wearing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkiymeymeI am not wearing | senkiymeyseyou are not wearing | olkiymeydihe is not wearing | bizkiymeybizwe are not wearing | sizkiymeysizyou all are not wearing | alakiymeydilethey are not wearing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkiyememi? kiyemime?am I wearing? | senkiyemise?are you wearing? | olkiyemidi?is he wearing? | bizkiyebizmi? kiyemibiz?are we wearing? | sizkiyemisiz?are you all wearing? | alakiyemidile?are they wearing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkiymeymemi? kiymeymime?aren't I wearing? | senkiymeymise?aren't you wearing? | olkiymeymidi?isn't he wearing? | bizkiymeybizmi? kiymeymibiz?aren't we wearing? | sizkiymeymisiz?aren't you all wearing? | alakiymeymidile?aren't they wearing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkiyiwçenmeI usually wear | senkiyiwçenseyou usually wear | olkiyiwçendihe usually wears | bizkiyiwçenbizwe usually wear | sizkiyiwçensizyou all usually wear | alakiyiwçendilethey usually wear |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkiymewçenmeI usually don't wear | senkiymewçenseyou usually don't wear | olkiymewçendihe usually doesn't wear | bizkiymewçenbizwe usually don't wear | sizkiymewçensizyou all usually don't wear | alakiymewçendilethey usually don't wear |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkiyiwçenmemi? kiyiwçenmime?do I usually wear? | senkiyiwçenmise?do you usually wear? | olkiyiwçenmidi?does he usually wear? | bizkiyiwçenbizmi? kiyiwçenmibiz?do we usually wear? | sizkiyiwçenmisiz?do you all usually wear? | alakiyiwçenmidile?do they usually wear? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkiymewçenmemi? kiymewçenmime?do I usually not wear? | senkiymewçenmise?do you usually not wear? | olkiymewçenmidi?does he usually not wear? | bizkiymewçenbizmi? kiymewçenmibiz?do we usually not wear? | sizkiymewçenmisiz?do you all usually not wear? | alakiymewçenmidile?do they usually not wear? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkiyibdihe has worn and remains so | alakiyibdilethey have worn and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkiyibmidi?has he worn? | alakiyibmidile?have they worn? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkiyib turamaI keep wearing | senkiyib turasayou keep wearing | olkiyib turadıhe keeps wearing | bizkiyib turabızwe keep wearing | sizkiyib turasızyou all keep wearing | alakiyib turadılathey keep wearing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkiyib turmaymaI don't keep wearing | senkiyib turmaysayou don't keep wearing | olkiyib turmaydıhe doesn't keep wearing | bizkiyib turmaybızwe don't keep wearing | sizkiyib turmaysızyou all don't keep wearing | alakiyib turmaydılathey don't keep wearing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkiyib turamamı? kiyib turamıma?do I keep wearing? | senkiyib turamısa?do you keep wearing? | olkiyib turamıdı?does he keep wearing? | bizkiyib turabızmı? kiyib turamıbız?do we keep wearing? | sizkiyib turamısız?do you all keep wearing? | alakiyib turamıdıla?do they keep wearing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkiyib turmaymamı? kiyib turmaymıma?don't I keep wearing? | senkiyib turmaymısa?don't you keep wearing? | olkiyib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep wearing? | bizkiyib turmaybızmı? kiyib turmaymıbız?don't we keep wearing? | sizkiyib turmaymısız?don't you all keep wearing? | alakiyib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep wearing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkiye turamaI am in the middle of wearing | senkiye turasayou are in the middle of wearing | olkiye turadıhe is in the middle of wearing | bizkiye turabızwe are in the middle of wearing | sizkiye turasızyou all are in the middle of wearing | alakiye turadılathey are in the middle of wearing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkiye turmaymaI am not in the middle of wearing | senkiye turmaysayou are not in the middle of wearing | olkiye turmaydıhe is not in the middle of wearing | bizkiye turmaybızwe are not in the middle of wearing | sizkiye turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of wearing | alakiye turmaydılathey are not in the middle of wearing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkiye turamamı? kiye turamıma?am I in the middle of wearing? | senkiye turamısa?are you in the middle of wearing? | olkiye turamıdı?is he in the middle of wearing? | bizkiye turabızmı? kiye turamıbız?are we in the middle of wearing? | sizkiye turamısız?are you all in the middle of wearing? | alakiye turamıdıla?are they in the middle of wearing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkiye turmaymamı? kiye turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of wearing? | senkiye turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of wearing? | olkiye turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of wearing? | bizkiye turmaybızmı? kiye turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of wearing? | sizkiye turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of wearing? | alakiye turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of wearing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkiydimI wore | senkiydiŋyou wore | olkiydihe wore | bizkiydikwe wore | sizkiydigizyou all wore | alakiydilethey wore |
| Simple past (definite) | menkiymedimI didn't wear | senkiymediŋyou didn't wear | olkiymedihe didn't wear | bizkiymedikwe didn't wear | sizkiymedigizyou all didn't wear | alakiymedilethey didn't wear |
| Simple past (definite) | menkiydimmi?did I wear? | senkiydiŋmi?did you wear? | olkiydimi?did he wear? | bizkiydikmi?did we wear? | sizkiydigizmi?did you all wear? | alakiydilemi?did they wear? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkiymedimmi?didn't I wear? | senkiymediŋmi?didn't you wear? | olkiymedimi?didn't he wear? | bizkiymedikmi?didn't we wear? | sizkiymedigizmi?didn't you all wear? | alakiymedilemi?didn't they wear? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkiygenmeI have worn | senkiygenseyou have worn | olkiygendihe has worn | bizkiygenbizwe have worn | sizkiygensizyou all have worn | alakiygendilethey have worn |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkiymegenmeI haven't worn | senkiymegenseyou haven't worn | olkiymegendihe hasn't worn | bizkiymegenbizwe haven't worn | sizkiymegensizyou all haven't worn | alakiymegendilethey haven't worn |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkiygenmemi? kiygenmime?have I worn? | senkiygenmise?have you worn? | olkiygenmidi?has he worn? | bizkiygenbizmi? kiygenmibiz?have we worn? | sizkiygenmisiz?have you all worn? | alakiygenmidile?have they worn? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkiymegenmemi? kiymegenmime?haven't I worn? | senkiymegenmise?haven't you worn? | olkiymegenmidi?hasn't he worn? | bizkiymegenbizmi? kiymegenmibiz?haven't we worn? | sizkiymegenmisiz?haven't you all worn? | alakiymegenmidile?haven't they worn? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkiyib turdumI kept wearing | senkiyib turduŋyou kept wearing | olkiyib turduhe kept wearing | bizkiyib turduqwe kept wearing | sizkiyib turduğuzyou all kept wearing | alakiyib turdulathey kept wearing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkiyib turmadımI didn't keep wearing | senkiyib turmadıŋyou didn't keep wearing | olkiyib turmadıhe didn't keep wearing | bizkiyib turmadıqwe didn't keep wearing | sizkiyib turmadığızyou all didn't keep wearing | alakiyib turmadılathey didn't keep wearing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkiyermeI will wear | senkiyerseyou will wear | olkiyerhe will wear | bizkiyerbizwe will wear | sizkiyersizyou all will wear | alakiyerlethey will wear |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkiymezmeI won't wear | senkiymezseyou won't wear | olkiymezhe won't wear | bizkiymezbizwe won't wear | sizkiymezsizyou all won't wear | alakiymezlethey won't wear |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkiyermemi? kiyermime?will I wear? | senkiyermise?will you wear? | olkiyermi?will he wear? | bizkiyerbizmi? kiyermibiz?will we wear? | sizkiyermisiz?will you all wear? | alakiyerlemi? kiyermile?will they wear? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkiymezmemi? kiymezmime?won't I wear? | senkiymezmise?won't you wear? | olkiymezmi?won't he wear? | bizkiymezbizmi? kiymezmibiz?won't we wear? | sizkiymezmisiz?won't you all wear? | alakiymezlemi? kiymezmile?won't they wear? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkiyerikmeI am going to wear | senkiyerikseyou are going to wear | olkiyerikdihe is going to wear | bizkiyerikbizwe are going to wear | sizkiyeriksizyou all are going to wear | alakiyerikdilethey are going to wear |
| Definite future (future II) | menkiyerik tülmeI am not going to wear | senkiyerik tülseyou are not going to wear | olkiyerik tüldühe is not going to wear | bizkiyerik tülbüzwe are not going to wear | sizkiyerik tülsüzyou all are not going to wear | alakiyerik tüldülethey are not going to wear |
| Definite future (future II) | menkiyerikmemi? kiyerikmime?am I going to wear? | senkiyerikmise?are you going to wear? | olkiyerikmidi?is he going to wear? | bizkiyerikbizmi? kiyerikmibiz?are we going to wear? | sizkiyerikmisiz?are you all going to wear? | alakiyerikmidile?are they going to wear? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkiyerik tülmüme?aren't I going to wear? | senkiyerik tülmüse?aren't you going to wear? | olkiyerik tülmüdü?isn't he going to wear? | bizkiyerik tülmübüz?aren't we going to wear? | sizkiyerik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to wear? | alakiyerik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to wear? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkiygen edimkiygenemI had worn | senkiygen ediŋkiygeneŋyou had worn | olkiygen edikiygenedhe had worn | bizkiygen edikkiygenekwe had worn | sizkiygen edigizkiygenegizyou all had worn | alakiygen edilekiygenellethey had worn |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkiymegen edimkiymegenemI hadn't worn | senkiymegen ediŋkiymegeneŋyou hadn't worn | olkiymegen edikiymegenedhe hadn't worn | bizkiymegen edikkiymegenekwe hadn't worn | sizkiymegen edigizkiymegenegizyou all hadn't worn | alakiymegen edilekiymegenellethey hadn't worn |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkiye edimkiyemI was wearing | senkiye ediŋkiyeŋyou were wearing | olkiye edikiyedhe was wearing | bizkiye edikkiyekwe were wearing | sizkiye edigizkiyegizyou all were wearing | alakiye edilekiyellethey were wearing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkiymey edimkiymeyemI wasn't wearing | senkiymey ediŋkiymeyeŋyou weren't wearing | olkiymey edikiymeyedhe wasn't wearing | bizkiymey edikkiymeyekwe weren't wearing | sizkiymey edigizkiymeyegizyou all weren't wearing | alakiymey edilekiymeyellethey weren't wearing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menkiyiwçen edimkiyiwçenemI used to wear | senkiyiwçen ediŋkiyiwçeneŋyou used to wear | olkiyiwçen edikiyiwçenedhe used to wear | bizkiyiwçen edikkiyiwçenekwe used to wear | sizkiyiwçen edigizkiyiwçenegizyou all used to wear | alakiyiwçen edilekiyiwçenellethey used to wear |
| Habitual past (used to) | menkiymewçen edimkiymewçenemI didn't use to wear | senkiymewçen ediŋkiymewçeneŋyou didn't use to wear | olkiymewçen edikiymewçenedhe didn't use to wear | bizkiymewçen edikkiymewçenekwe didn't use to wear | sizkiymewçen edigizkiymewçenegizyou all didn't use to wear | alakiymewçen edilekiymewçenellethey didn't use to wear |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkiyib edihe had worn and remained so | alakiyib edilethey had worn and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkiyib tül edihe hadn't worn | alakiyib tül edilethey hadn't worn | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkiyib tura edimkiyib turaemI had kept wearing | senkiyib tura ediŋkiyib turaeŋyou had kept wearing | olkiyib tura edikiyib turaedhe had kept wearing | bizkiyib tura edikkiyib turaekwe had kept wearing | sizkiyib tura edigizkiyib turaegizyou all had kept wearing | alakiyib tura edilekiyib turaellethey had kept wearing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkiyib turmay edimkiyib turmayemI hadn't kept wearing | senkiyib turmay ediŋkiyib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept wearing | olkiyib turmay edikiyib turmayedhe hadn't kept wearing | bizkiyib turmay edikkiyib turmayekwe hadn't kept wearing | sizkiyib turmay edigizkiyib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept wearing | alakiyib turmay edilekiyib turmayellethey hadn't kept wearing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkiye tura edimkiye turaemI was in the middle of wearing | senkiye tura ediŋkiye turaeŋyou were in the middle of wearing | olkiye tura edikiye turaedhe was in the middle of wearing | bizkiye tura edikkiye turaekwe were in the middle of wearing | sizkiye tura edigizkiye turaegizyou all were in the middle of wearing | alakiye tura edilekiye turaellethey were in the middle of wearing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkiye turmay edimkiye turmayemI wasn't in the middle of wearing | senkiye turmay ediŋkiye turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of wearing | olkiye turmay edikiye turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of wearing | bizkiye turmay edikkiye turmayekwe weren't in the middle of wearing | sizkiye turmay edigizkiye turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of wearing | alakiye turmay edilekiye turmayellethey weren't in the middle of wearing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menkiyer edimkiyer emI would wear | senkiyer ediŋkiyer eŋyou would wear | olkiyer edikiyer edhe would wear | bizkiyer edikkiyer ekwe would wear | sizkiyer edigizkiyer egizyou all would wear | alakiyer edilekiyer ellethey would wear |
| Conditional result (would) | menkiymez edimkiymez emI wouldn't wear | senkiymez ediŋkiymez eŋyou wouldn't wear | olkiymez edikiymez edhe wouldn't wear | bizkiymez edikkiymez ekwe wouldn't wear | sizkiymez edigizkiymez egizyou all wouldn't wear | alakiymez edilekiymez ellethey wouldn't wear |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkiyerik edimkiyerik emI would have worn | senkiyerik ediŋkiyerik eŋyou would have worn | olkiyerik edikiyerik edhe would have worn | bizkiyerik edikkiyerik ekwe would have worn | sizkiyerik edigizkiyerik egizyou all would have worn | alakiyerik edilekiyerik ellethey would have worn |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkiyerik tül edimkiyerik tül emI wouldn't have worn | senkiyerik tül ediŋkiyerik tül eŋyou wouldn't have worn | olkiyerik tül edikiyerik tül edhe wouldn't have worn | bizkiyerik tül edikkiyerik tül ekwe wouldn't have worn | sizkiyerik tül edigizkiyerik tül egizyou all wouldn't have worn | alakiyerik tül edilekiyerik tül ellethey wouldn't have worn |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menkiysemif I wear | senkiyseŋif you wear | olkiyseif he wears | bizkiysekif we wear | sizkiysegizif you all wear | alakiyseleif they wear |
| Conditional | menkiymesemif I don't wear | senkiymeseŋif you don't wear | olkiymeseif he doesn't wear | bizkiymesekif we don't wear | sizkiymesegizif you all don't wear | alakiymeseleif they don't wear |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menkiye esemif I am wearing | senkiye eseŋif you are wearing | olkiye eseif he is wearing | bizkiye esekif we are wearing | sizkiye esegizif you all are wearing | alakiye eseleif they are wearing |
| Conditional, present real | menkiymey esemif I am not wearing | senkiymey eseŋif you are not wearing | olkiymey eseif he is not wearing | bizkiymey esekif we are not wearing | sizkiymey esegizif you all are not wearing | alakiymey eseleif they are not wearing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkiysem edikiysem edif only I wore | senkiyseŋ edikiyseŋ edif only you wore | olkiyse edikiysedif only he wore | bizkiysek edikiysek edif only we wore | sizkiysegiz edikiysegiz edif only you all wore | alakiysele edikiyseledif only they wore |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkiymesem edikiymesem edif only I didn't wear | senkiymeseŋ edikiymeseŋ edif only you didn't wear | olkiymese edikiymesedif only he didn't wear | bizkiymesek edikiymesek edif only we didn't wear | sizkiymesegiz edikiymesegiz edif only you all didn't wear | alakiymesele edikiymeseledif only they didn't wear |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menkiyib tursamif I carry on wearing | senkiyib tursaŋif you carry on wearing | olkiyib tursaif he carries on wearing | bizkiyib tursaqif we carry on wearing | sizkiyib tursağızif you all carry on wearing | alakiyib tursalaif they carry on wearing |
| Durative conditional | menkiyib turmasamif I don't carry on wearing | senkiyib turmasaŋif you don't carry on wearing | olkiyib turmasaif he doesn't carry on wearing | bizkiyib turmasaqif we don't carry on wearing | sizkiyib turmasağızif you all don't carry on wearing | alakiyib turmasalaif they don't carry on wearing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menkiyib tura esemif I have kept wearing | senkiyib tura eseŋif you have kept wearing | olkiyib tura eseif he has kept wearing | bizkiyib tura esekif we have kept wearing | sizkiyib tura esegizif you all have kept wearing | alakiyib tura eseleif they have kept wearing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menkiyib turmay esemif I haven't kept wearing | senkiyib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept wearing | olkiyib turmay eseif he hasn't kept wearing | bizkiyib turmay esekif we haven't kept wearing | sizkiyib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept wearing | alakiyib turmay eseleif they haven't kept wearing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menkiye tursamif I keep wearing | senkiye tursaŋif you keep wearing | olkiye tursaif he keeps wearing | bizkiye tursaqif we keep wearing | sizkiye tursağızif you all keep wearing | alakiye tursalaif they keep wearing |
| Progressive conditional | menkiymey tursamif I keep on not wearing | senkiymey tursaŋif you keep on not wearing | olkiymey tursaif he keeps on not wearing | bizkiymey tursaqif we keep on not wearing | sizkiymey tursağızif you all keep on not wearing | alakiymey tursalaif they keep on not wearing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkiye tura esemif I am in the middle of wearing | senkiye tura eseŋif you are in the middle of wearing | olkiye tura eseif he is in the middle of wearing | bizkiye tura esekif we are in the middle of wearing | sizkiye tura esegizif you all are in the middle of wearing | alakiye tura eseleif they are in the middle of wearing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkiymey tura esemif I keep on not wearing | senkiymey tura eseŋif you keep on not wearing | olkiymey tura eseif he keeps on not wearing | bizkiymey tura esekif we keep on not wearing | sizkiymey tura esegizif you all keep on not wearing | alakiymey tura eseleif they keep on not wearing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menkiydim esemif I wore | senkiydiŋ eseŋif you wore | olkiydi eseif he wore | bizkiydik esekif we wore | sizkiydigiz esegizif you all wore | alakiydile eseleif they wore |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menkiymedim esemif I didn't wear | senkiymediŋ eseŋif you didn't wear | olkiymedi eseif he didn't wear | bizkiymedik esekif we didn't wear | sizkiymedigiz esegizif you all didn't wear | alakiymedile eseleif they didn't wear |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menkiygen esemif I did wear (indeed) | senkiygen eseŋif you did wear (indeed) | olkiygen eseif he did wear (indeed) | bizkiygen esekif we did wear (indeed) | sizkiygen esegizif you all did wear (indeed) | alakiygen eseleif they did wear (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menkiymegen esemif I didn't wear (indeed) | senkiymegen eseŋif you didn't wear (indeed) | olkiymegen eseif he didn't wear (indeed) | bizkiymegen esekif we didn't wear (indeed) | sizkiymegen esegizif you all didn't wear (indeed) | alakiymegen eseleif they didn't wear (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkiygen bolsamif I had worn | senkiygen bolsaŋif you had worn | olkiygen bolsaif he had worn | bizkiygen bolsaqif we had worn | sizkiygen bolsağızif you all had worn | alakiygen bolsalaif they had worn |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkiymegen bolsamif I hadn't worn | senkiymegen bolsaŋif you hadn't worn | olkiymegen bolsaif he hadn't worn | bizkiymegen bolsaqif we hadn't worn | sizkiymegen bolsağızif you all hadn't worn | alakiymegen bolsalaif they hadn't worn |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkiygen bolsam edikiygen bolsam edif only I had worn | senkiygen bolsaŋ edikiygen bolsaŋ edif only you had worn | olkiygen bolsa edikiygen bolsaedif only he had worn | bizkiygen bolsaq edikiygen bolsaq edif only we had worn | sizkiygen bolsağız edikiygen bolsağız edif only you all had worn | alakiygen bolsala edikiygen bolsalaedif only they had worn |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkiymegen bolsam edikiymegen bolsam edif only I hadn't worn | senkiymegen bolsaŋ edikiymegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't worn | olkiymegen bolsa edikiymegen bolsaedif only he hadn't worn | bizkiymegen bolsaq edikiymegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't worn | sizkiymegen bolsağız edikiymegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't worn | alakiymegen bolsala edikiymegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't worn |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menkiyer esemif I will wear | senkiyer eseŋif you will wear | olkiyer eseif he will wear | bizkiyer esekif we will wear | sizkiyer esegizif you all will wear | alakiyer eseleif they will wear |
| Conditional, aorist | menkiymez esemif I won't wear | senkiymez eseŋif you won't wear | olkiymez eseif he won't wear | bizkiymez esekif we won't wear | sizkiymez esegizif you all won't wear | alakiymez eseleif they won't wear |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menkiyerik esemif I am going to wear | senkiyerik eseŋif you are going to wear | olkiyerik eseif he is going to wear | bizkiyerik esekif we are going to wear | sizkiyerik esegizif you all are going to wear | alakiyerik eseleif they are going to wear |
| Conditional, future | menkiyerik tül esemif I am not going to wear | senkiyerik tül eseŋif you are not going to wear | olkiyerik tül eseif he is not going to wear | bizkiyerik tül esekif we are not going to wear | sizkiyerik tül esegizif you all are not going to wear | alakiyerik tül eseleif they are not going to wear |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkiyerik bolsamif I were going to wear | senkiyerik bolsaŋif you were going to wear | olkiyerik bolsaif he were going to wear | bizkiyerik bolsaqif we were going to wear | sizkiyerik bolsağızif you all were going to wear | alakiyerik bolsalaif they were going to wear |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkiymezlik bolsamif I were not going to wear | senkiymezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to wear | olkiymezlik bolsaif he were not going to wear | bizkiymezlik bolsaqif we were not going to wear | sizkiymezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to wear | alakiymezlik bolsalaif they were not going to wear |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso kiydiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkiye bolurmaI must be wearing | senkiye bolursayou must be wearing | olkiye bolurhe must be wearing | bizkiye bolurbuzwe must be wearing | sizkiye bolursuzyou all must be wearing | alakiye bolurlathey must be wearing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkiymey bolurmaI must not be wearing | senkiymey bolursayou must not be wearing | olkiymey bolurhe must not be wearing | bizkiymey bolurbuzwe must not be wearing | sizkiymey bolursuzyou all must not be wearing | alakiymey bolurlathey must not be wearing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkiye tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of wearing | senkiye tura bolursayou must be in the middle of wearing | olkiye tura bolurhe must be in the middle of wearing | bizkiye tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of wearing | sizkiye tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of wearing | alakiye tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of wearing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkiymey tura bolurmaI must keep on not wearing | senkiymey tura bolursayou must keep on not wearing | olkiymey tura bolurhe must keep on not wearing | bizkiymey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not wearing | sizkiymey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not wearing | alakiymey tura bolurlathey must keep on not wearing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menkiygen bolurmaI must have worn | senkiygen bolursayou must have worn | olkiygen bolurhe must have worn | bizkiygen bolurbuzwe must have worn | sizkiygen bolursuzyou all must have worn | alakiygen bolurlathey must have worn |
| Inference (must have) | menkiymegen bolurmaI must not have worn | senkiymegen bolursayou must not have worn | olkiymegen bolurhe must not have worn | bizkiymegen bolurbuzwe must not have worn | sizkiymegen bolursuzyou all must not have worn | alakiymegen bolurlathey must not have worn |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkiyerik bolurmaI must be going to wear | senkiyerik bolursayou must be going to wear | olkiyerik bolurhe must be going to wear | bizkiyerik bolurbuzwe must be going to wear | sizkiyerik bolursuzyou all must be going to wear | alakiyerik bolurlathey must be going to wear |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkiymezlik bolurmaI must not be going to wear | senkiymezlik bolursayou must not be going to wear | olkiymezlik bolurhe must not be going to wear | bizkiymezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to wear | sizkiymezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to wear | alakiymezlik bolurlathey must not be going to wear |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menkiyeyimlet me wear | senkiy!wear! | olkiysinlet him wear | bizkiyeyiklet's wear | sizkiyigiz!wear, you all! | alakiysinlelet them wear |
| Commands & suggestions | menkiymeyimlet me not wear | senkiyme!don't wear! | olkiymesinlet him not wear | bizkiymeyiklet's not wear | sizkiymegiz!don't wear, you all! | alakiymesinlelet them not wear |
| Commands & suggestions | menkiyeyimmi?shall I wear? | olkiysinmi?should he wear? | bizkiyeyikmi?shall we wear? | alakiysinlemi?should they wear? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menkiymeyimmi?shall I not wear? | olkiymesinmi?should he not wear? | bizkiymeyikmi?shall we not wear? | alakiymesinlemi?should they not wear? | ||
| Requests | senkiyçi2kiyçinplease wear | olkiysinçido let him wear | sizkiyçigizplease wear (plural/polite) | alakiysinleçido let them wear | ||
| Requests | senkiymeçi2kiymeçinplease don't wear | olkiymesinçido let him not wear | sizkiymeçigizplease don't wear (plural/polite) | alakiymesinleçido let them not wear | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkiyginkiygimay you wear | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkiymeginkiymegimay you not wear | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkiygey edim kiyge edimwould that I wore | senkiygey ediŋ kiyge ediŋwould that you wore | olkiygey edi kiyge ediwould that he wore | bizkiygey edik kiyge edikwould that we wore | sizkiygey edigiz kiyge edigizwould that you all wore | alakiygey edile kiyge edilewould that they wore |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkiymegey edim kiymege edimwould that I did not wear | senkiymegey ediŋ kiymege ediŋwould that you did not wear | olkiymegey edi kiymege ediwould that he did not wear | bizkiymegey edik kiymege edikwould that we did not wear | sizkiymegey edigiz kiymege edigizwould that you all did not wear | alakiymegey edile kiymege edilewould that they did not wear |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkiymege qoyayımkiyme qoyayımlet me allow someone to wear | senkiymege qoy!kiyme qoy!let someone wear! | olkiymege qoysunkiyme qoysunlet him allow someone to wear | bizkiymege qoyayıqkiyme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to wear | sizkiymege qoyuğuz!kiyme qoyuğuz!let someone wear, you all! | alakiymege qoysunlakiyme qoysunlalet them allow someone to wear |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkiymege qoymayımkiyme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to wear | senkiymege qoyma!kiyme qoyma!don't let someone wear! | olkiymege qoymasınkiyme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to wear | bizkiymege qoymayıqkiyme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to wear | sizkiymege qoymağız!kiyme qoymağız!don't let someone wear, you all! | alakiymege qoymasınlakiyme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to wear |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkiymege qoyayımmı?kiyme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to wear? | olkiymege qoysunmu?kiyme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to wear? | bizkiymege qoyayıqmı?kiyme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to wear? | alakiymege qoysunlamı?kiyme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to wear? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkiymege qoymayımmı?kiyme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to wear? | olkiymege qoymasınmı?kiyme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to wear? | bizkiymege qoymayıqmı?kiyme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to wear? | alakiymege qoymasınlamı?kiyme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to wear? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menkiymege qoyamakiyme qoyamaI allow someone to wear | senkiymege qoyasakiyme qoyasayou allow someone to wear | olkiymege qoyadıkiyme qoyadıhe allows someone to wear | bizkiymege qoyabızkiyme qoyabızwe allow someone to wear | sizkiymege qoyasızkiyme qoyasızyou all allow someone to wear | alakiymege qoyadılakiyme qoyadılathey allow someone to wear |
| Let someone… (present) | menkiymege qoymaymakiyme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to wear | senkiymege qoymaysakiyme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to wear | olkiymege qoymaydıkiyme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to wear | bizkiymege qoymaybızkiyme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to wear | sizkiymege qoymaysızkiyme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to wear | alakiymege qoymaydılakiyme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to wear |
| Let someone… (present) | menkiymege qoyamamı?kiyme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to wear? | senkiymege qoyamısa?kiyme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to wear? | olkiymege qoyamıdı?kiyme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to wear? | bizkiymege qoyabızmı?kiyme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to wear? | sizkiymege qoyamısız?kiyme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to wear? | alakiymege qoyamıdıla?kiyme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to wear? |
| Let someone… (present) | menkiymege qoymaymamı?kiyme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to wear? | senkiymege qoymaymısa?kiyme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to wear? | olkiymege qoymaymıdı?kiyme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to wear? | bizkiymege qoymaybızmı?kiyme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to wear? | sizkiymege qoymaymısız?kiyme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to wear? | alakiymege qoymaymıdıla?kiyme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to wear? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkiymege qoydumkiyme qoydumI allowed someone to wear | senkiymege qoyduŋkiyme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to wear | olkiymege qoydukiyme qoyduhe allowed someone to wear | bizkiymege qoyduqkiyme qoyduqwe allowed someone to wear | sizkiymege qoyduğuzkiyme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to wear | alakiymege qoydulakiyme qoydulathey allowed someone to wear |
| Let someone… (past) | menkiymege qoymadımkiyme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to wear | senkiymege qoymadıŋkiyme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to wear | olkiymege qoymadıkiyme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to wear | bizkiymege qoymadıqkiyme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to wear | sizkiymege qoymadığızkiyme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to wear | alakiymege qoymadılakiyme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to wear |
| Let someone… (past) | menkiymege qoydummu?kiyme qoydummu?did I allow someone to wear? | senkiymege qoyduŋmu?kiyme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to wear? | olkiymege qoydumu?kiyme qoydumu?did he allow someone to wear? | bizkiymege qoyduqmu?kiyme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to wear? | sizkiymege qoyduğuzmu?kiyme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to wear? | alakiymege qoydulamı?kiyme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to wear? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkiymege qoymadımmı?kiyme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to wear? | senkiymege qoymadıŋmı?kiyme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to wear? | olkiymege qoymadımı?kiyme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to wear? | bizkiymege qoymadıqmı?kiyme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to wear? | sizkiymege qoymadığızmı?kiyme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to wear? | alakiymege qoymadılamı?kiyme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to wear? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menkiyalamaI can wear | senkiyalasayou can wear | olkiyaladıhe can wear | bizkiyalabızwe can wear | sizkiyalasızyou all can wear | alakiyaladılathey can wear |
| Ability — present | menkiyalmaymaI can't wear | senkiyalmaysayou can't wear | olkiyalmaydıhe can't wear | bizkiyalmaybızwe can't wear | sizkiyalmaysızyou all can't wear | alakiyalmaydılathey can't wear |
| Ability — present | menkiyalamamı? kiyalamıma?can I wear? | senkiyalamısa?can you wear? | olkiyalamıdı?can he wear? | bizkiyalabızmı? kiyalamıbız?can we wear? | sizkiyalamısız?can you all wear? | alakiyalamıdıla?can they wear? |
| Ability — present | menkiyalmaymamı? kiyalmaymıma?can't I wear? | senkiyalmaymısa?can't you wear? | olkiyalmaymıdı?can't he wear? | bizkiyalmaybızmı? kiyalmaymıbız?can't we wear? | sizkiyalmaymısız?can't you all wear? | alakiyalmaymıdıla?can't they wear? |
| Ability — if I can… | menkiyalsamif I can wear | senkiyalsaŋif you can wear | olkiyalsaif he can wear | bizkiyalsaqif we can wear | sizkiyalsağızif you all can wear | alakiyalsalaif they can wear |
| Ability — if I can… | menkiyalmasamif I can't wear | senkiyalmasaŋif you can't wear | olkiyalmasaif he can't wear | bizkiyalmasaqif we can't wear | sizkiyalmasağızif you all can't wear | alakiyalmasalaif they can't wear |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menkiyaldımI was able to wear | senkiyaldıŋyou were able to wear | olkiyaldıhe was able to wear | bizkiyaldıqwe were able to wear | sizkiyaldığızyou all were able to wear | alakiyaldılathey were able to wear |
| Ability — simple past | menkiyalmadımI could not wear | senkiyalmadıŋyou could not wear | olkiyalmadıhe could not wear | bizkiyalmadıqwe could not wear | sizkiyalmadığızyou all could not wear | alakiyalmadılathey could not wear |
| Ability — simple past | menkiyaldımmı?was I able to wear? | senkiyaldıŋmı?were you able to wear? | olkiyaldımı?was he able to wear? | bizkiyaldıqmı?were we able to wear? | sizkiyaldığızmı?were you all able to wear? | alakiyaldılamı?were they able to wear? |
| Ability — simple past | menkiyalmadımmı?couldn't I wear? | senkiyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you wear? | olkiyalmadımı?couldn't he wear? | bizkiyalmadıqmı?couldn't we wear? | sizkiyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all wear? | alakiyalmadılamı?couldn't they wear? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkiyalğanmaI have been able to wear | senkiyalğansayou have been able to wear | olkiyalğandıhe has been able to wear | bizkiyalğanbızwe have been able to wear | sizkiyalğansızyou all have been able to wear | alakiyalğandılathey have been able to wear |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkiyalmağanmaI haven't been able to wear | senkiyalmağansayou haven't been able to wear | olkiyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to wear | bizkiyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to wear | sizkiyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to wear | alakiyalmağandılathey haven't been able to wear |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkiyalğanmamı? kiyalğanmıma?have I been able to wear? | senkiyalğanmısa?have you been able to wear? | olkiyalğanmıdı?has he been able to wear? | bizkiyalğanbızmı? kiyalğanmıbız?have we been able to wear? | sizkiyalğanmısız?have you all been able to wear? | alakiyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to wear? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkiyalmağanmamı? kiyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to wear? | senkiyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to wear? | olkiyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to wear? | bizkiyalmağanbızmı? kiyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to wear? | sizkiyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to wear? | alakiyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to wear? |
| Ability — past perfect | menkiyalğan edimkiyalğanemI had been able to wear | senkiyalğan ediŋkiyalğaneŋyou had been able to wear | olkiyalğan edikiyalğanedhe had been able to wear | bizkiyalğan edikkiyalğanekwe had been able to wear | sizkiyalğan edigizkiyalğanegizyou all had been able to wear | alakiyalğan edilekiyalğanellethey had been able to wear |
| Ability — past perfect | menkiyalmağan edimkiyalmağanemI hadn't been able to wear | senkiyalmağan ediŋkiyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to wear | olkiyalmağan edikiyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to wear | bizkiyalmağan edikkiyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to wear | sizkiyalmağan edigizkiyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to wear | alakiyalmağan edilekiyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to wear |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menkiyala edimkiyalaemI could wear | senkiyala ediŋkiyalaeŋyou could wear | olkiyala edikiyalaedhe could wear | bizkiyala edikkiyalaekwe could wear | sizkiyala edigizkiyalaegizyou all could wear | alakiyala edilekiyalaellethey could wear |
| Ability — past background | menkiyalmay edimkiyalmayemI could not wear | senkiyalmay ediŋkiyalmayeŋyou could not wear | olkiyalmay edikiyalmayedhe could not wear | bizkiyalmay edikkiyalmayekwe could not wear | sizkiyalmay edigizkiyalmayegizyou all could not wear | alakiyalmay edilekiyalmayellethey could not wear |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menkiyalırmaI will be able to wear | senkiyalırsayou will be able to wear | olkiyalırhe will be able to wear | bizkiyalırbızwe will be able to wear | sizkiyalırsızyou all will be able to wear | alakiyalırlathey will be able to wear |
| Ability — future I | menkiyalmazmaI won't be able to wear | senkiyalmazsayou won't be able to wear | olkiyalmazhe won't be able to wear | bizkiyalmazbızwe won't be able to wear | sizkiyalmazsızyou all won't be able to wear | alakiyalmazlathey won't be able to wear |
| Ability — future I | menkiyalırmamı? kiyalırmıma?will I be able to wear? | senkiyalırmısa?will you be able to wear? | olkiyalırmı?will he be able to wear? | bizkiyalırbızmı? kiyalırmıbız?will we be able to wear? | sizkiyalırmısız?will you all be able to wear? | alakiyalırlamı? kiyalırmıla?will they be able to wear? |
| Ability — future I | menkiyalmazmamı? kiyalmazmıma?won't I be able to wear? | senkiyalmazmısa?won't you be able to wear? | olkiyalmazmı?won't he be able to wear? | bizkiyalmazbızmı? kiyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to wear? | sizkiyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to wear? | alakiyalmazlamı? kiyalmazmıla?won't they be able to wear? |
| Ability — future II | menkiyallıqmaI am going to be able to wear | senkiyallıqsayou are going to be able to wear | olkiyallıqdıhe is going to be able to wear | bizkiyallıqbızwe are going to be able to wear | sizkiyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to wear | alakiyallıqdılathey are going to be able to wear |
| Ability — future II | menkiyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to wear | senkiyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to wear | olkiyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to wear | bizkiyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to wear | sizkiyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to wear | alakiyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to wear |
| Ability — future II | menkiyallıqmamı? kiyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to wear? | senkiyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to wear? | olkiyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to wear? | bizkiyallıqbızmı? kiyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to wear? | sizkiyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to wear? | alakiyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to wear? |
| Ability — future II | menkiyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to wear? | senkiyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to wear? | olkiyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to wear? | bizkiyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to wear? | sizkiyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to wear? | alakiyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to wear? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkiyalır edimkiyalır emI would be able to wear | senkiyalır ediŋkiyalır eŋyou would be able to wear | olkiyalır edikiyalır edhe would be able to wear | bizkiyalır edikkiyalır ekwe would be able to wear | sizkiyalır edigizkiyalır egizyou all would be able to wear | alakiyalır edilekiyalır ellethey would be able to wear |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkiyalmaz edimkiyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to wear | senkiyalmaz ediŋkiyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to wear | olkiyalmaz edikiyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to wear | bizkiyalmaz edikkiyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to wear | sizkiyalmaz edigizkiyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to wear | alakiyalmaz edilekiyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to wear |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkiyalğınkiyalğımay you be able to wear | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkiyalmağınkiyalmağımay you not be able to wear | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menkierge izleymeI want to wear | senkierge izleyseyou want to wear | olkierge izleydihe wants to wear | bizkierge izleybizwe want to wear | sizkierge izleysizyou all want to wear | alakierge izleydilethey want to wear |
| want to | menkierge izlemeymeI do not want to wear | senkierge izlemeyseyou do not want to wear | olkierge izlemeydihe does not want to wear | bizkierge izlemeybizwe do not want to wear | sizkierge izlemeysizyou all do not want to wear | alakierge izlemeydilethey do not want to wear |
| would like to | menkierge süemeI would like to wear | senkierge süeseyou would like to wear | olkierge süedihe would like to wear | bizkierge süebizwe would like to wear | sizkierge süesizyou all would like to wear | alakierge süedilethey would like to wear |
| would like to | menkierge süymeymeI would not like to wear | senkierge süymeyseyou would not like to wear | olkierge süymeydihe would not like to wear | bizkierge süymeybizwe would not like to wear | sizkierge süymeysizyou all would not like to wear | alakierge süymeydilethey would not like to wear |
| hope to | menkierge umutlanamaI hope to wear | senkierge umutlanasayou hope to wear | olkierge umutlanadıhe hopes to wear | bizkierge umutlanabızwe hope to wear | sizkierge umutlanasızyou all hope to wear | alakierge umutlanadılathey hope to wear |
| hope to | menkierge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to wear | senkierge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to wear | olkierge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to wear | bizkierge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to wear | sizkierge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to wear | alakierge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to wear |
| be about to | menkierge deb turamaI am about to wear | senkierge deb turasayou are about to wear | olkierge deb turadıhe is about to wear | bizkierge deb turabızwe are about to wear | sizkierge deb turasızyou all are about to wear | alakierge deb turadılathey are about to wear |
| be about to | menkierge deb turmaymaI am not about to wear | senkierge deb turmaysayou are not about to wear | olkierge deb turmaydıhe is not about to wear | bizkierge deb turmaybızwe are not about to wear | sizkierge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to wear | alakierge deb turmaydılathey are not about to wear |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menkierge kerekmeI need to wear | senkierge kerekseyou need to wear | olkierge kerekdihe needs to wear | bizkierge kerekbizwe need to wear | sizkierge kereksizyou all need to wear | alakierge kerekdilethey need to wear |
| need to | menkierge kerek tülmeI do not need to wear | senkierge kerek tülseyou do not need to wear | olkierge kerek tüldühe does not need to wear | bizkierge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to wear | sizkierge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to wear | alakierge kerek tüldülethey do not need to wear |
| have to | menmenŋe kierge tüşediI have to wear | sensenŋe kierge tüşediyou have to wear | olaŋa kierge tüşedihe has to wear | bizbizge kierge tüşediwe have to wear | sizsizge kierge tüşediyou all have to wear | alaalağa kierge tüşedithey have to wear |
| have to | menmenŋe kierge tüşmeydiI do not have to wear | sensenŋe kierge tüşmeydiyou do not have to wear | olaŋa kierge tüşmeydihe does not have to wear | bizbizge kierge tüşmeydiwe do not have to wear | sizsizge kierge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to wear | alaalağa kierge tüşmeydithey do not have to wear |
| be obliged to | menkierge borçlumaI am obliged to wear | senkierge borçlusayou are obliged to wear | olkierge borçluduhe is obliged to wear | bizkierge borçlubuzwe are obliged to wear | sizkierge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to wear | alakierge borçludulathey are obliged to wear |
| be obliged to | menkierge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to wear | senkierge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to wear | olkierge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to wear | bizkierge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to wear | sizkierge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to wear | alakierge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to wear |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menkierge madarım bardıI have a way to wear | senkierge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to wear | olkierge madarı bardıhe has a way to wear | bizkierge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to wear | sizkierge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to wear | alakierge madarları bardıthey have a way to wear |
| have a way to | menkierge madarım joqduI have no way to wear | senkierge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to wear | olkierge madarı joqduhe has no way to wear | bizkierge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to wear | sizkierge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to wear | alakierge madarları joqduthey have no way to wear |
| be free to | menkierge erkinligim bardıI am free to wear | senkierge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to wear | olkierge erkinligi bardıhe is free to wear | bizkierge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to wear | sizkierge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to wear | alakierge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to wear |
| be free to | menkierge erkinligim joqduI am not free to wear | senkierge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to wear | olkierge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to wear | bizkierge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to wear | sizkierge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to wear | alakierge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to wear |
| be possible to | menmenŋe kierge bolluqduit is possible for me to wear | sensenŋe kierge bolluqduit is possible for you to wear | olaŋa kierge bolluqduit is possible for him to wear | bizbizge kierge bolluqduit is possible for us to wear | sizsizge kierge bolluqduit is possible for you all to wear | alaalağa kierge bolluqduit is possible for them to wear |
| be possible to | menmenŋe kierge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to wear | sensenŋe kierge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to wear | olaŋa kierge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to wear | bizbizge kierge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to wear | sizsizge kierge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to wear | alaalağa kierge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to wear |
| be ready to | menkierge hazırmaI am ready to wear | senkierge hazırsayou are ready to wear | olkierge hazırdıhe is ready to wear | bizkierge hazırbızwe are ready to wear | sizkierge hazırsızyou all are ready to wear | alakierge hazırdılathey are ready to wear |
| be ready to | menkierge hazır tülmeI am not ready to wear | senkierge hazır tülseyou are not ready to wear | olkierge hazır tüldühe is not ready to wear | bizkierge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to wear | sizkierge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to wear | alakierge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to wear |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menkierge küreşemeI am trying to wear | senkierge küreşeseyou are trying to wear | olkierge küreşedihe is trying to wear | bizkierge küreşebizwe are trying to wear | sizkierge küreşesizyou all are trying to wear | alakierge küreşedilethey are trying to wear |
| try to | menkierge küreşmeymeI am not trying to wear | senkierge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to wear | olkierge küreşmeydihe is not trying to wear | bizkierge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to wear | sizkierge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to wear | alakierge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to wear |
| agree to | menkierge unaymaI agree to wear | senkierge unaysayou agree to wear | olkierge unaydıhe agrees to wear | bizkierge unaybızwe agree to wear | sizkierge unaysızyou all agree to wear | alakierge unaydılathey agree to wear |
| agree to | menkierge unamaymaI refuse to wear | senkierge unamaysayou refuse to wear | olkierge unamaydıhe refuses to wear | bizkierge unamaybızwe refuse to wear | sizkierge unamaysızyou all refuse to wear | alakierge unamaydılathey refuse to wear |
| hurry to | menkierge aşığamaI am in a hurry to wear | senkierge aşığasayou are in a hurry to wear | olkierge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to wear | bizkierge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to wear | sizkierge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to wear | alakierge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to wear |
| hurry to | menkierge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to wear | senkierge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to wear | olkierge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to wear | bizkierge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to wear | sizkierge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to wear | alakierge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to wear |
| be afraid to | menkierge qorqamaI am afraid to wear | senkierge qorqasayou are afraid to wear | olkierge qorqadıhe is afraid to wear | bizkierge qorqabızwe are afraid to wear | sizkierge qorqasızyou all are afraid to wear | alakierge qorqadılathey are afraid to wear |
| be afraid to | menkierge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to wear | senkierge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to wear | olkierge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to wear | bizkierge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to wear | sizkierge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to wear | alakierge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to wear |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menkiye bolmazmaI can't be wearing | senkiye bolmazsayou can't be wearing | olkiye bolmazhe can't be wearing | bizkiye bolmazbızwe can't be wearing | sizkiye bolmazsızyou all can't be wearing | alakiye bolmazlathey can't be wearing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menkiymey bolmazmaI must be wearing (emphatic) | senkiymey bolmazsayou must be wearing (emphatic) | olkiymey bolmazhe must be wearing (emphatic) | bizkiymey bolmazbızwe must be wearing (emphatic) | sizkiymey bolmazsızyou all must be wearing (emphatic) | alakiymey bolmazlathey must be wearing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menkiye turmasamif I don't keep wearing | senkiye turmasaŋif you don't keep wearing | olkiye turmasaif he doesn't keep wearing | bizkiye turmasaqif we don't keep wearing | sizkiye turmasağızif you all don't keep wearing | alakiye turmasalaif they don't keep wearing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menkiye tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of wearing | senkiye tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of wearing | olkiye tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of wearing | bizkiye tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of wearing | sizkiye tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of wearing | alakiye tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of wearing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menkiymey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not wearing (emphatic) | senkiymey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not wearing (emphatic) | olkiymey tura bolmazhe must keep on not wearing (emphatic) | bizkiymey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not wearing (emphatic) | sizkiymey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not wearing (emphatic) | alakiymey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not wearing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menkiymey turamaI keep on not wearing | senkiymey turasayou keep on not wearing | olkiymey turadıhe keeps on not wearing | bizkiymey turabızwe keep on not wearing | sizkiymey turasızyou all keep on not wearing | alakiymey turadılathey keep on not wearing |
| Progressive — double negation | menkiymey turmaymaI am not keeping on not wearing | senkiymey turmaysayou are not keeping on not wearing | olkiymey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not wearing | bizkiymey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not wearing | sizkiymey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not wearing | alakiymey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not wearing |
| Progressive — double negation | menkiymey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not wearing? | senkiymey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not wearing? | olkiymey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not wearing? | bizkiymey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not wearing? | sizkiymey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not wearing? | alakiymey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not wearing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menkiygen bolmazmaI can't have worn | senkiygen bolmazsayou can't have worn | olkiygen bolmazhe can't have worn | bizkiygen bolmazbızwe can't have worn | sizkiygen bolmazsızyou all can't have worn | alakiygen bolmazlathey can't have worn |
| Inference — double negation | menkiymegen bolmazmaI must have worn (emphatic) | senkiymegen bolmazsayou must have worn (emphatic) | olkiymegen bolmazhe must have worn (emphatic) | bizkiymegen bolmazbızwe must have worn (emphatic) | sizkiymegen bolmazsızyou all must have worn (emphatic) | alakiymegen bolmazlathey must have worn (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menkiygen bolmasamif it weren't that I had worn | senkiygen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had worn | olkiygen bolmasaif it weren't that he had worn | bizkiygen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had worn | sizkiygen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had worn | alakiygen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had worn |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menkiymegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't worn | senkiymegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't worn | olkiymegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't worn | bizkiymegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't worn | sizkiymegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't worn | alakiymegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't worn |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menkiyerik bolmazmaI can't be going to wear | senkiyerik bolmazsayou can't be going to wear | olkiyerik bolmazhe can't be going to wear | bizkiyerik bolmazbızwe can't be going to wear | sizkiyerik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to wear | alakiyerik bolmazlathey can't be going to wear |
| Inference, future — double negation | menkiymezlik bolmazmaI must be going to wear (emphatic) | senkiymezlik bolmazsayou must be going to wear (emphatic) | olkiymezlik bolmazhe must be going to wear (emphatic) | bizkiymezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to wear (emphatic) | sizkiymezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to wear (emphatic) | alakiymezlik bolmazlathey must be going to wear (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menkiyerik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to wear | senkiyerik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to wear | olkiyerik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to wear | bizkiyerik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to wear | sizkiyerik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to wear | alakiyerik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to wear |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menkiymezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to wear | senkiymezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to wear | olkiymezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to wear | bizkiymezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to wear | sizkiymezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to wear | alakiymezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to wear |