kömerge
/kømerɡe/
1. bury, cover over, dig in (in earth, ashes, embers)
- külge kömerge — to bury it in the ashes
- gırjınnı otha kömerge — to bury the loaf in the hot ashes
- otnu külge kömerge — to bury the embers in the ashes
2. bury, inter (the dead)
- atasın kömdü — he buried his father
- ölgenni jerge kömdüle — they buried the dead man in the ground
- jer tübüne kömgenbiz — we buried him under the ground
- qabırğa kömerge — to lay someone in the grave
3. submerge, sink, drown (in water, in snow)
- suwğa kömerge — to plunge it into the water
- kemeni kömerge — to sink the ship
- kömüb ierge — to drown someone
- Jamiylanı dağıda suwğa kömdüle — they plunged Jamiyla into the water again
- başın suwğa kömerigim kele edi — I wanted to plunge his head into the water
- itni suwğa kömdü — he drowned the dog in the water
- qarğa kömdüle — they sank it in the snow
4. drive into the ground one source
- qazıqnı jerge kömerge — to drive the stake into the ground
- urub jerge kömdü — he struck it and drove it into the ground
- boğurdağına deriçi kömdü — he drove it in up to its throat
- çüynü kömdü — he drove the nail in
5. bury, press (one's face into something, such as a pillow) one source
- betin jastıqğa kömdü — she buried her face in the pillow
6. ruin, do for, be the death of — Also used of putting someone away in prison: birewnü türmege kömerge.
- jaşnı kömdüle — they ruined the young man
- kesin kömdü — he did for himself
- sense, uruş, halqnı kömgen — it is you, war, who ruined the people
- birigizni kömgeni azdı — it is not enough that he did for one of you
- birewnü türmege kömerge — to land somebody in prison
7. destroy, wipe out, liquidate one source
- jawunu kömdüle — they wiped out the enemy
- eski adetni kömdüle — they did away with the old custom
- jawnu jerge kömerge — to wipe the enemy off the earth
- faşizmni qabırına kömgendi — it has buried fascism in its grave
- anı qurutub kömdüle — they destroyed it utterly
Conjugation
Common forms
- kömedihe is burying
- kömdühe buried
- kömgendihe has buried
- kömerhe will bury
- kömerikdihe is going to bury
- köme edihe was burying
- kömseif he buries
- köm!bury!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkömemeI am burying | senkömeseyou are burying | olkömedihe is burying | bizkömebizwe are burying | sizkömesizyou all are burying | alakömedilethey are burying |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkömmeymeI am not burying | senkömmeyseyou are not burying | olkömmeydihe is not burying | bizkömmeybizwe are not burying | sizkömmeysizyou all are not burying | alakömmeydilethey are not burying |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkömememi? kömemime?am I burying? | senkömemise?are you burying? | olkömemidi?is he burying? | bizkömebizmi? kömemibiz?are we burying? | sizkömemisiz?are you all burying? | alakömemidile?are they burying? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkömmeymemi? kömmeymime?aren't I burying? | senkömmeymise?aren't you burying? | olkömmeymidi?isn't he burying? | bizkömmeybizmi? kömmeymibiz?aren't we burying? | sizkömmeymisiz?aren't you all burying? | alakömmeymidile?aren't they burying? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkömüwçenmeI usually bury | senkömüwçenseyou usually bury | olkömüwçendihe usually buries | bizkömüwçenbizwe usually bury | sizkömüwçensizyou all usually bury | alakömüwçendilethey usually bury |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkömmewçenmeI usually don't bury | senkömmewçenseyou usually don't bury | olkömmewçendihe usually doesn't bury | bizkömmewçenbizwe usually don't bury | sizkömmewçensizyou all usually don't bury | alakömmewçendilethey usually don't bury |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkömüwçenmemi? kömüwçenmime?do I usually bury? | senkömüwçenmise?do you usually bury? | olkömüwçenmidi?does he usually bury? | bizkömüwçenbizmi? kömüwçenmibiz?do we usually bury? | sizkömüwçenmisiz?do you all usually bury? | alakömüwçenmidile?do they usually bury? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkömmewçenmemi? kömmewçenmime?do I usually not bury? | senkömmewçenmise?do you usually not bury? | olkömmewçenmidi?does he usually not bury? | bizkömmewçenbizmi? kömmewçenmibiz?do we usually not bury? | sizkömmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not bury? | alakömmewçenmidile?do they usually not bury? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkömübdühe has buried and remains so | alakömübdülethey have buried and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkömübmüdü?has he buried? | alakömübmüdüle?have they buried? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkömüb turamaI keep burying | senkömüb turasayou keep burying | olkömüb turadıhe keeps burying | bizkömüb turabızwe keep burying | sizkömüb turasızyou all keep burying | alakömüb turadılathey keep burying |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkömüb turmaymaI don't keep burying | senkömüb turmaysayou don't keep burying | olkömüb turmaydıhe doesn't keep burying | bizkömüb turmaybızwe don't keep burying | sizkömüb turmaysızyou all don't keep burying | alakömüb turmaydılathey don't keep burying |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkömüb turamamı? kömüb turamıma?do I keep burying? | senkömüb turamısa?do you keep burying? | olkömüb turamıdı?does he keep burying? | bizkömüb turabızmı? kömüb turamıbız?do we keep burying? | sizkömüb turamısız?do you all keep burying? | alakömüb turamıdıla?do they keep burying? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkömüb turmaymamı? kömüb turmaymıma?don't I keep burying? | senkömüb turmaymısa?don't you keep burying? | olkömüb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep burying? | bizkömüb turmaybızmı? kömüb turmaymıbız?don't we keep burying? | sizkömüb turmaymısız?don't you all keep burying? | alakömüb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep burying? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menköme turamaI am in the middle of burying | senköme turasayou are in the middle of burying | olköme turadıhe is in the middle of burying | bizköme turabızwe are in the middle of burying | sizköme turasızyou all are in the middle of burying | alaköme turadılathey are in the middle of burying |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menköme turmaymaI am not in the middle of burying | senköme turmaysayou are not in the middle of burying | olköme turmaydıhe is not in the middle of burying | bizköme turmaybızwe are not in the middle of burying | sizköme turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of burying | alaköme turmaydılathey are not in the middle of burying |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menköme turamamı? köme turamıma?am I in the middle of burying? | senköme turamısa?are you in the middle of burying? | olköme turamıdı?is he in the middle of burying? | bizköme turabızmı? köme turamıbız?are we in the middle of burying? | sizköme turamısız?are you all in the middle of burying? | alaköme turamıdıla?are they in the middle of burying? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menköme turmaymamı? köme turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of burying? | senköme turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of burying? | olköme turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of burying? | bizköme turmaybızmı? köme turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of burying? | sizköme turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of burying? | alaköme turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of burying? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkömdümI buried | senkömdüŋyou buried | olkömdühe buried | bizkömdükwe buried | sizkömdügüzyou all buried | alakömdülethey buried |
| Simple past (definite) | menkömmedimI didn't bury | senkömmediŋyou didn't bury | olkömmedihe didn't bury | bizkömmedikwe didn't bury | sizkömmedigizyou all didn't bury | alakömmedilethey didn't bury |
| Simple past (definite) | menkömdümmü?did I bury? | senkömdüŋmü?did you bury? | olkömdümü?did he bury? | bizkömdükmü?did we bury? | sizkömdügüzmü?did you all bury? | alakömdülemi?did they bury? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkömmedimmi?didn't I bury? | senkömmediŋmi?didn't you bury? | olkömmedimi?didn't he bury? | bizkömmedikmi?didn't we bury? | sizkömmedigizmi?didn't you all bury? | alakömmedilemi?didn't they bury? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkömgenmeI have buried | senkömgenseyou have buried | olkömgendihe has buried | bizkömgenbizwe have buried | sizkömgensizyou all have buried | alakömgendilethey have buried |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkömmegenmeI haven't buried | senkömmegenseyou haven't buried | olkömmegendihe hasn't buried | bizkömmegenbizwe haven't buried | sizkömmegensizyou all haven't buried | alakömmegendilethey haven't buried |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkömgenmemi? kömgenmime?have I buried? | senkömgenmise?have you buried? | olkömgenmidi?has he buried? | bizkömgenbizmi? kömgenmibiz?have we buried? | sizkömgenmisiz?have you all buried? | alakömgenmidile?have they buried? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkömmegenmemi? kömmegenmime?haven't I buried? | senkömmegenmise?haven't you buried? | olkömmegenmidi?hasn't he buried? | bizkömmegenbizmi? kömmegenmibiz?haven't we buried? | sizkömmegenmisiz?haven't you all buried? | alakömmegenmidile?haven't they buried? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkömüb turdumI kept burying | senkömüb turduŋyou kept burying | olkömüb turduhe kept burying | bizkömüb turduqwe kept burying | sizkömüb turduğuzyou all kept burying | alakömüb turdulathey kept burying |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkömüb turmadımI didn't keep burying | senkömüb turmadıŋyou didn't keep burying | olkömüb turmadıhe didn't keep burying | bizkömüb turmadıqwe didn't keep burying | sizkömüb turmadığızyou all didn't keep burying | alakömüb turmadılathey didn't keep burying |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkömermeI will bury | senkömerseyou will bury | olkömerhe will bury | bizkömerbizwe will bury | sizkömersizyou all will bury | alakömerlethey will bury |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkömmezmeI won't bury | senkömmezseyou won't bury | olkömmezhe won't bury | bizkömmezbizwe won't bury | sizkömmezsizyou all won't bury | alakömmezlethey won't bury |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkömermemi? kömermime?will I bury? | senkömermise?will you bury? | olkömermi?will he bury? | bizkömerbizmi? kömermibiz?will we bury? | sizkömermisiz?will you all bury? | alakömerlemi? kömermile?will they bury? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkömmezmemi? kömmezmime?won't I bury? | senkömmezmise?won't you bury? | olkömmezmi?won't he bury? | bizkömmezbizmi? kömmezmibiz?won't we bury? | sizkömmezmisiz?won't you all bury? | alakömmezlemi? kömmezmile?won't they bury? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkömerikmeI am going to bury | senkömerikseyou are going to bury | olkömerikdihe is going to bury | bizkömerikbizwe are going to bury | sizkömeriksizyou all are going to bury | alakömerikdilethey are going to bury |
| Definite future (future II) | menkömerik tülmeI am not going to bury | senkömerik tülseyou are not going to bury | olkömerik tüldühe is not going to bury | bizkömerik tülbüzwe are not going to bury | sizkömerik tülsüzyou all are not going to bury | alakömerik tüldülethey are not going to bury |
| Definite future (future II) | menkömerikmemi? kömerikmime?am I going to bury? | senkömerikmise?are you going to bury? | olkömerikmidi?is he going to bury? | bizkömerikbizmi? kömerikmibiz?are we going to bury? | sizkömerikmisiz?are you all going to bury? | alakömerikmidile?are they going to bury? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkömerik tülmüme?aren't I going to bury? | senkömerik tülmüse?aren't you going to bury? | olkömerik tülmüdü?isn't he going to bury? | bizkömerik tülmübüz?aren't we going to bury? | sizkömerik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to bury? | alakömerik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to bury? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkömgen edimkömgenemI had buried | senkömgen ediŋkömgeneŋyou had buried | olkömgen edikömgenedhe had buried | bizkömgen edikkömgenekwe had buried | sizkömgen edigizkömgenegizyou all had buried | alakömgen edilekömgenellethey had buried |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkömmegen edimkömmegenemI hadn't buried | senkömmegen ediŋkömmegeneŋyou hadn't buried | olkömmegen edikömmegenedhe hadn't buried | bizkömmegen edikkömmegenekwe hadn't buried | sizkömmegen edigizkömmegenegizyou all hadn't buried | alakömmegen edilekömmegenellethey hadn't buried |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menköme edimkömemI was burying | senköme ediŋkömeŋyou were burying | olköme edikömedhe was burying | bizköme edikkömekwe were burying | sizköme edigizkömegizyou all were burying | alaköme edilekömellethey were burying |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkömmey edimkömmeyemI wasn't burying | senkömmey ediŋkömmeyeŋyou weren't burying | olkömmey edikömmeyedhe wasn't burying | bizkömmey edikkömmeyekwe weren't burying | sizkömmey edigizkömmeyegizyou all weren't burying | alakömmey edilekömmeyellethey weren't burying |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menkömüwçen edimkömüwçenemI used to bury | senkömüwçen ediŋkömüwçeneŋyou used to bury | olkömüwçen edikömüwçenedhe used to bury | bizkömüwçen edikkömüwçenekwe used to bury | sizkömüwçen edigizkömüwçenegizyou all used to bury | alakömüwçen edilekömüwçenellethey used to bury |
| Habitual past (used to) | menkömmewçen edimkömmewçenemI didn't use to bury | senkömmewçen ediŋkömmewçeneŋyou didn't use to bury | olkömmewçen edikömmewçenedhe didn't use to bury | bizkömmewçen edikkömmewçenekwe didn't use to bury | sizkömmewçen edigizkömmewçenegizyou all didn't use to bury | alakömmewçen edilekömmewçenellethey didn't use to bury |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkömüb edihe had buried and remained so | alakömüb edilethey had buried and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkömüb tül edihe hadn't buried | alakömüb tül edilethey hadn't buried | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkömüb tura edimkömüb turaemI had kept burying | senkömüb tura ediŋkömüb turaeŋyou had kept burying | olkömüb tura edikömüb turaedhe had kept burying | bizkömüb tura edikkömüb turaekwe had kept burying | sizkömüb tura edigizkömüb turaegizyou all had kept burying | alakömüb tura edilekömüb turaellethey had kept burying |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkömüb turmay edimkömüb turmayemI hadn't kept burying | senkömüb turmay ediŋkömüb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept burying | olkömüb turmay edikömüb turmayedhe hadn't kept burying | bizkömüb turmay edikkömüb turmayekwe hadn't kept burying | sizkömüb turmay edigizkömüb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept burying | alakömüb turmay edilekömüb turmayellethey hadn't kept burying |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menköme tura edimköme turaemI was in the middle of burying | senköme tura ediŋköme turaeŋyou were in the middle of burying | olköme tura ediköme turaedhe was in the middle of burying | bizköme tura edikköme turaekwe were in the middle of burying | sizköme tura edigizköme turaegizyou all were in the middle of burying | alaköme tura edileköme turaellethey were in the middle of burying |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menköme turmay edimköme turmayemI wasn't in the middle of burying | senköme turmay ediŋköme turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of burying | olköme turmay ediköme turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of burying | bizköme turmay edikköme turmayekwe weren't in the middle of burying | sizköme turmay edigizköme turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of burying | alaköme turmay edileköme turmayellethey weren't in the middle of burying |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menkömer edimkömer emI would bury | senkömer ediŋkömer eŋyou would bury | olkömer edikömer edhe would bury | bizkömer edikkömer ekwe would bury | sizkömer edigizkömer egizyou all would bury | alakömer edilekömer ellethey would bury |
| Conditional result (would) | menkömmez edimkömmez emI wouldn't bury | senkömmez ediŋkömmez eŋyou wouldn't bury | olkömmez edikömmez edhe wouldn't bury | bizkömmez edikkömmez ekwe wouldn't bury | sizkömmez edigizkömmez egizyou all wouldn't bury | alakömmez edilekömmez ellethey wouldn't bury |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkömerik edimkömerik emI would have buried | senkömerik ediŋkömerik eŋyou would have buried | olkömerik edikömerik edhe would have buried | bizkömerik edikkömerik ekwe would have buried | sizkömerik edigizkömerik egizyou all would have buried | alakömerik edilekömerik ellethey would have buried |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkömerik tül edimkömerik tül emI wouldn't have buried | senkömerik tül ediŋkömerik tül eŋyou wouldn't have buried | olkömerik tül edikömerik tül edhe wouldn't have buried | bizkömerik tül edikkömerik tül ekwe wouldn't have buried | sizkömerik tül edigizkömerik tül egizyou all wouldn't have buried | alakömerik tül edilekömerik tül ellethey wouldn't have buried |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menkömsemif I bury | senkömseŋif you bury | olkömseif he buries | bizkömsekif we bury | sizkömsegizif you all bury | alakömseleif they bury |
| Conditional | menkömmesemif I don't bury | senkömmeseŋif you don't bury | olkömmeseif he doesn't bury | bizkömmesekif we don't bury | sizkömmesegizif you all don't bury | alakömmeseleif they don't bury |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menköme esemif I am burying | senköme eseŋif you are burying | olköme eseif he is burying | bizköme esekif we are burying | sizköme esegizif you all are burying | alaköme eseleif they are burying |
| Conditional, present real | menkömmey esemif I am not burying | senkömmey eseŋif you are not burying | olkömmey eseif he is not burying | bizkömmey esekif we are not burying | sizkömmey esegizif you all are not burying | alakömmey eseleif they are not burying |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkömsem edikömsem edif only I buried | senkömseŋ edikömseŋ edif only you buried | olkömse edikömsedif only he buried | bizkömsek edikömsek edif only we buried | sizkömsegiz edikömsegiz edif only you all buried | alakömsele edikömseledif only they buried |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkömmesem edikömmesem edif only I didn't bury | senkömmeseŋ edikömmeseŋ edif only you didn't bury | olkömmese edikömmesedif only he didn't bury | bizkömmesek edikömmesek edif only we didn't bury | sizkömmesegiz edikömmesegiz edif only you all didn't bury | alakömmesele edikömmeseledif only they didn't bury |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menkömüb tursamif I carry on burying | senkömüb tursaŋif you carry on burying | olkömüb tursaif he carries on burying | bizkömüb tursaqif we carry on burying | sizkömüb tursağızif you all carry on burying | alakömüb tursalaif they carry on burying |
| Durative conditional | menkömüb turmasamif I don't carry on burying | senkömüb turmasaŋif you don't carry on burying | olkömüb turmasaif he doesn't carry on burying | bizkömüb turmasaqif we don't carry on burying | sizkömüb turmasağızif you all don't carry on burying | alakömüb turmasalaif they don't carry on burying |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menkömüb tura esemif I have kept burying | senkömüb tura eseŋif you have kept burying | olkömüb tura eseif he has kept burying | bizkömüb tura esekif we have kept burying | sizkömüb tura esegizif you all have kept burying | alakömüb tura eseleif they have kept burying |
| Durative conditional, present real | menkömüb turmay esemif I haven't kept burying | senkömüb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept burying | olkömüb turmay eseif he hasn't kept burying | bizkömüb turmay esekif we haven't kept burying | sizkömüb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept burying | alakömüb turmay eseleif they haven't kept burying |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menköme tursamif I keep burying | senköme tursaŋif you keep burying | olköme tursaif he keeps burying | bizköme tursaqif we keep burying | sizköme tursağızif you all keep burying | alaköme tursalaif they keep burying |
| Progressive conditional | menkömmey tursamif I keep on not burying | senkömmey tursaŋif you keep on not burying | olkömmey tursaif he keeps on not burying | bizkömmey tursaqif we keep on not burying | sizkömmey tursağızif you all keep on not burying | alakömmey tursalaif they keep on not burying |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menköme tura esemif I am in the middle of burying | senköme tura eseŋif you are in the middle of burying | olköme tura eseif he is in the middle of burying | bizköme tura esekif we are in the middle of burying | sizköme tura esegizif you all are in the middle of burying | alaköme tura eseleif they are in the middle of burying |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkömmey tura esemif I keep on not burying | senkömmey tura eseŋif you keep on not burying | olkömmey tura eseif he keeps on not burying | bizkömmey tura esekif we keep on not burying | sizkömmey tura esegizif you all keep on not burying | alakömmey tura eseleif they keep on not burying |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menkömdüm esemif I buried | senkömdüŋ eseŋif you buried | olkömdü eseif he buried | bizkömdük esekif we buried | sizkömdügüz esegizif you all buried | alakömdüle eseleif they buried |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menkömmedim esemif I didn't bury | senkömmediŋ eseŋif you didn't bury | olkömmedi eseif he didn't bury | bizkömmedik esekif we didn't bury | sizkömmedigiz esegizif you all didn't bury | alakömmedile eseleif they didn't bury |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menkömgen esemif I did bury (indeed) | senkömgen eseŋif you did bury (indeed) | olkömgen eseif he did bury (indeed) | bizkömgen esekif we did bury (indeed) | sizkömgen esegizif you all did bury (indeed) | alakömgen eseleif they did bury (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menkömmegen esemif I didn't bury (indeed) | senkömmegen eseŋif you didn't bury (indeed) | olkömmegen eseif he didn't bury (indeed) | bizkömmegen esekif we didn't bury (indeed) | sizkömmegen esegizif you all didn't bury (indeed) | alakömmegen eseleif they didn't bury (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkömgen bolsamif I had buried | senkömgen bolsaŋif you had buried | olkömgen bolsaif he had buried | bizkömgen bolsaqif we had buried | sizkömgen bolsağızif you all had buried | alakömgen bolsalaif they had buried |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkömmegen bolsamif I hadn't buried | senkömmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't buried | olkömmegen bolsaif he hadn't buried | bizkömmegen bolsaqif we hadn't buried | sizkömmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't buried | alakömmegen bolsalaif they hadn't buried |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkömgen bolsam edikömgen bolsam edif only I had buried | senkömgen bolsaŋ edikömgen bolsaŋ edif only you had buried | olkömgen bolsa edikömgen bolsaedif only he had buried | bizkömgen bolsaq edikömgen bolsaq edif only we had buried | sizkömgen bolsağız edikömgen bolsağız edif only you all had buried | alakömgen bolsala edikömgen bolsalaedif only they had buried |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkömmegen bolsam edikömmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't buried | senkömmegen bolsaŋ edikömmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't buried | olkömmegen bolsa edikömmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't buried | bizkömmegen bolsaq edikömmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't buried | sizkömmegen bolsağız edikömmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't buried | alakömmegen bolsala edikömmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't buried |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menkömer esemif I will bury | senkömer eseŋif you will bury | olkömer eseif he will bury | bizkömer esekif we will bury | sizkömer esegizif you all will bury | alakömer eseleif they will bury |
| Conditional, aorist | menkömmez esemif I won't bury | senkömmez eseŋif you won't bury | olkömmez eseif he won't bury | bizkömmez esekif we won't bury | sizkömmez esegizif you all won't bury | alakömmez eseleif they won't bury |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menkömerik esemif I am going to bury | senkömerik eseŋif you are going to bury | olkömerik eseif he is going to bury | bizkömerik esekif we are going to bury | sizkömerik esegizif you all are going to bury | alakömerik eseleif they are going to bury |
| Conditional, future | menkömerik tül esemif I am not going to bury | senkömerik tül eseŋif you are not going to bury | olkömerik tül eseif he is not going to bury | bizkömerik tül esekif we are not going to bury | sizkömerik tül esegizif you all are not going to bury | alakömerik tül eseleif they are not going to bury |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkömerik bolsamif I were going to bury | senkömerik bolsaŋif you were going to bury | olkömerik bolsaif he were going to bury | bizkömerik bolsaqif we were going to bury | sizkömerik bolsağızif you all were going to bury | alakömerik bolsalaif they were going to bury |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkömmezlik bolsamif I were not going to bury | senkömmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to bury | olkömmezlik bolsaif he were not going to bury | bizkömmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to bury | sizkömmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to bury | alakömmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to bury |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso kömdüŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menköme bolurmaI must be burying | senköme bolursayou must be burying | olköme bolurhe must be burying | bizköme bolurbuzwe must be burying | sizköme bolursuzyou all must be burying | alaköme bolurlathey must be burying |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkömmey bolurmaI must not be burying | senkömmey bolursayou must not be burying | olkömmey bolurhe must not be burying | bizkömmey bolurbuzwe must not be burying | sizkömmey bolursuzyou all must not be burying | alakömmey bolurlathey must not be burying |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menköme tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of burying | senköme tura bolursayou must be in the middle of burying | olköme tura bolurhe must be in the middle of burying | bizköme tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of burying | sizköme tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of burying | alaköme tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of burying |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkömmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not burying | senkömmey tura bolursayou must keep on not burying | olkömmey tura bolurhe must keep on not burying | bizkömmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not burying | sizkömmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not burying | alakömmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not burying |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menkömgen bolurmaI must have buried | senkömgen bolursayou must have buried | olkömgen bolurhe must have buried | bizkömgen bolurbuzwe must have buried | sizkömgen bolursuzyou all must have buried | alakömgen bolurlathey must have buried |
| Inference (must have) | menkömmegen bolurmaI must not have buried | senkömmegen bolursayou must not have buried | olkömmegen bolurhe must not have buried | bizkömmegen bolurbuzwe must not have buried | sizkömmegen bolursuzyou all must not have buried | alakömmegen bolurlathey must not have buried |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkömerik bolurmaI must be going to bury | senkömerik bolursayou must be going to bury | olkömerik bolurhe must be going to bury | bizkömerik bolurbuzwe must be going to bury | sizkömerik bolursuzyou all must be going to bury | alakömerik bolurlathey must be going to bury |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkömmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to bury | senkömmezlik bolursayou must not be going to bury | olkömmezlik bolurhe must not be going to bury | bizkömmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to bury | sizkömmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to bury | alakömmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to bury |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menkömeyimlet me bury | senköm!bury! | olkömsünlet him bury | bizkömeyiklet's bury | sizkömügüz!bury, you all! | alakömsünlelet them bury |
| Commands & suggestions | menkömmeyimlet me not bury | senkömme!don't bury! | olkömmesinlet him not bury | bizkömmeyiklet's not bury | sizkömmegiz!don't bury, you all! | alakömmesinlelet them not bury |
| Commands & suggestions | menkömeyimmi?shall I bury? | olkömsünmü?should he bury? | bizkömeyikmi?shall we bury? | alakömsünlemi?should they bury? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menkömmeyimmi?shall I not bury? | olkömmesinmi?should he not bury? | bizkömmeyikmi?shall we not bury? | alakömmesinlemi?should they not bury? | ||
| Requests | senkömçü2kömçünplease bury | olkömsünçüdo let him bury | sizkömçügüzplease bury (plural/polite) | alakömsünleçido let them bury | ||
| Requests | senkömmeçi2kömmeçinplease don't bury | olkömmesinçido let him not bury | sizkömmeçigizplease don't bury (plural/polite) | alakömmesinleçido let them not bury | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkömgünkömgümay you bury | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkömmeginkömmegimay you not bury | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkömgey edim kömge edimwould that I buried | senkömgey ediŋ kömge ediŋwould that you buried | olkömgey edi kömge ediwould that he buried | bizkömgey edik kömge edikwould that we buried | sizkömgey edigiz kömge edigizwould that you all buried | alakömgey edile kömge edilewould that they buried |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkömmegey edim kömmege edimwould that I did not bury | senkömmegey ediŋ kömmege ediŋwould that you did not bury | olkömmegey edi kömmege ediwould that he did not bury | bizkömmegey edik kömmege edikwould that we did not bury | sizkömmegey edigiz kömmege edigizwould that you all did not bury | alakömmegey edile kömmege edilewould that they did not bury |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkömmege qoyayımkömme qoyayımlet me allow someone to bury | senkömmege qoy!kömme qoy!let someone bury! | olkömmege qoysunkömme qoysunlet him allow someone to bury | bizkömmege qoyayıqkömme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to bury | sizkömmege qoyuğuz!kömme qoyuğuz!let someone bury, you all! | alakömmege qoysunlakömme qoysunlalet them allow someone to bury |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkömmege qoymayımkömme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to bury | senkömmege qoyma!kömme qoyma!don't let someone bury! | olkömmege qoymasınkömme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to bury | bizkömmege qoymayıqkömme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to bury | sizkömmege qoymağız!kömme qoymağız!don't let someone bury, you all! | alakömmege qoymasınlakömme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to bury |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkömmege qoyayımmı?kömme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to bury? | olkömmege qoysunmu?kömme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to bury? | bizkömmege qoyayıqmı?kömme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to bury? | alakömmege qoysunlamı?kömme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to bury? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkömmege qoymayımmı?kömme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to bury? | olkömmege qoymasınmı?kömme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to bury? | bizkömmege qoymayıqmı?kömme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to bury? | alakömmege qoymasınlamı?kömme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to bury? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menkömmege qoyamakömme qoyamaI allow someone to bury | senkömmege qoyasakömme qoyasayou allow someone to bury | olkömmege qoyadıkömme qoyadıhe allows someone to bury | bizkömmege qoyabızkömme qoyabızwe allow someone to bury | sizkömmege qoyasızkömme qoyasızyou all allow someone to bury | alakömmege qoyadılakömme qoyadılathey allow someone to bury |
| Let someone… (present) | menkömmege qoymaymakömme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to bury | senkömmege qoymaysakömme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to bury | olkömmege qoymaydıkömme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to bury | bizkömmege qoymaybızkömme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to bury | sizkömmege qoymaysızkömme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to bury | alakömmege qoymaydılakömme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to bury |
| Let someone… (present) | menkömmege qoyamamı?kömme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to bury? | senkömmege qoyamısa?kömme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to bury? | olkömmege qoyamıdı?kömme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to bury? | bizkömmege qoyabızmı?kömme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to bury? | sizkömmege qoyamısız?kömme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to bury? | alakömmege qoyamıdıla?kömme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to bury? |
| Let someone… (present) | menkömmege qoymaymamı?kömme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to bury? | senkömmege qoymaymısa?kömme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to bury? | olkömmege qoymaymıdı?kömme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to bury? | bizkömmege qoymaybızmı?kömme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to bury? | sizkömmege qoymaymısız?kömme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to bury? | alakömmege qoymaymıdıla?kömme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to bury? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkömmege qoydumkömme qoydumI allowed someone to bury | senkömmege qoyduŋkömme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to bury | olkömmege qoydukömme qoyduhe allowed someone to bury | bizkömmege qoyduqkömme qoyduqwe allowed someone to bury | sizkömmege qoyduğuzkömme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to bury | alakömmege qoydulakömme qoydulathey allowed someone to bury |
| Let someone… (past) | menkömmege qoymadımkömme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to bury | senkömmege qoymadıŋkömme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to bury | olkömmege qoymadıkömme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to bury | bizkömmege qoymadıqkömme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to bury | sizkömmege qoymadığızkömme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to bury | alakömmege qoymadılakömme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to bury |
| Let someone… (past) | menkömmege qoydummu?kömme qoydummu?did I allow someone to bury? | senkömmege qoyduŋmu?kömme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to bury? | olkömmege qoydumu?kömme qoydumu?did he allow someone to bury? | bizkömmege qoyduqmu?kömme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to bury? | sizkömmege qoyduğuzmu?kömme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to bury? | alakömmege qoydulamı?kömme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to bury? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkömmege qoymadımmı?kömme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to bury? | senkömmege qoymadıŋmı?kömme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to bury? | olkömmege qoymadımı?kömme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to bury? | bizkömmege qoymadıqmı?kömme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to bury? | sizkömmege qoymadığızmı?kömme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to bury? | alakömmege qoymadılamı?kömme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to bury? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
kömalırğa be able to bury · kömalmazğa be unable to bury
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menkömalamaI can bury | senkömalasayou can bury | olkömaladıhe can bury | bizkömalabızwe can bury | sizkömalasızyou all can bury | alakömaladılathey can bury |
| Ability — present | menkömalmaymaI can't bury | senkömalmaysayou can't bury | olkömalmaydıhe can't bury | bizkömalmaybızwe can't bury | sizkömalmaysızyou all can't bury | alakömalmaydılathey can't bury |
| Ability — present | menkömalamamı? kömalamıma?can I bury? | senkömalamısa?can you bury? | olkömalamıdı?can he bury? | bizkömalabızmı? kömalamıbız?can we bury? | sizkömalamısız?can you all bury? | alakömalamıdıla?can they bury? |
| Ability — present | menkömalmaymamı? kömalmaymıma?can't I bury? | senkömalmaymısa?can't you bury? | olkömalmaymıdı?can't he bury? | bizkömalmaybızmı? kömalmaymıbız?can't we bury? | sizkömalmaymısız?can't you all bury? | alakömalmaymıdıla?can't they bury? |
| Ability — if I can… | menkömalsamif I can bury | senkömalsaŋif you can bury | olkömalsaif he can bury | bizkömalsaqif we can bury | sizkömalsağızif you all can bury | alakömalsalaif they can bury |
| Ability — if I can… | menkömalmasamif I can't bury | senkömalmasaŋif you can't bury | olkömalmasaif he can't bury | bizkömalmasaqif we can't bury | sizkömalmasağızif you all can't bury | alakömalmasalaif they can't bury |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menkömaldımI was able to bury | senkömaldıŋyou were able to bury | olkömaldıhe was able to bury | bizkömaldıqwe were able to bury | sizkömaldığızyou all were able to bury | alakömaldılathey were able to bury |
| Ability — simple past | menkömalmadımI could not bury | senkömalmadıŋyou could not bury | olkömalmadıhe could not bury | bizkömalmadıqwe could not bury | sizkömalmadığızyou all could not bury | alakömalmadılathey could not bury |
| Ability — simple past | menkömaldımmı?was I able to bury? | senkömaldıŋmı?were you able to bury? | olkömaldımı?was he able to bury? | bizkömaldıqmı?were we able to bury? | sizkömaldığızmı?were you all able to bury? | alakömaldılamı?were they able to bury? |
| Ability — simple past | menkömalmadımmı?couldn't I bury? | senkömalmadıŋmı?couldn't you bury? | olkömalmadımı?couldn't he bury? | bizkömalmadıqmı?couldn't we bury? | sizkömalmadığızmı?couldn't you all bury? | alakömalmadılamı?couldn't they bury? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkömalğanmaI have been able to bury | senkömalğansayou have been able to bury | olkömalğandıhe has been able to bury | bizkömalğanbızwe have been able to bury | sizkömalğansızyou all have been able to bury | alakömalğandılathey have been able to bury |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkömalmağanmaI haven't been able to bury | senkömalmağansayou haven't been able to bury | olkömalmağandıhe hasn't been able to bury | bizkömalmağanbızwe haven't been able to bury | sizkömalmağansızyou all haven't been able to bury | alakömalmağandılathey haven't been able to bury |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkömalğanmamı? kömalğanmıma?have I been able to bury? | senkömalğanmısa?have you been able to bury? | olkömalğanmıdı?has he been able to bury? | bizkömalğanbızmı? kömalğanmıbız?have we been able to bury? | sizkömalğanmısız?have you all been able to bury? | alakömalğanmıdıla?have they been able to bury? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkömalmağanmamı? kömalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to bury? | senkömalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to bury? | olkömalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to bury? | bizkömalmağanbızmı? kömalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to bury? | sizkömalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to bury? | alakömalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to bury? |
| Ability — past perfect | menkömalğan edimkömalğanemI had been able to bury | senkömalğan ediŋkömalğaneŋyou had been able to bury | olkömalğan edikömalğanedhe had been able to bury | bizkömalğan edikkömalğanekwe had been able to bury | sizkömalğan edigizkömalğanegizyou all had been able to bury | alakömalğan edilekömalğanellethey had been able to bury |
| Ability — past perfect | menkömalmağan edimkömalmağanemI hadn't been able to bury | senkömalmağan ediŋkömalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to bury | olkömalmağan edikömalmağanedhe hadn't been able to bury | bizkömalmağan edikkömalmağanekwe hadn't been able to bury | sizkömalmağan edigizkömalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to bury | alakömalmağan edilekömalmağanellethey hadn't been able to bury |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menkömala edimkömalaemI could bury | senkömala ediŋkömalaeŋyou could bury | olkömala edikömalaedhe could bury | bizkömala edikkömalaekwe could bury | sizkömala edigizkömalaegizyou all could bury | alakömala edilekömalaellethey could bury |
| Ability — past background | menkömalmay edimkömalmayemI could not bury | senkömalmay ediŋkömalmayeŋyou could not bury | olkömalmay edikömalmayedhe could not bury | bizkömalmay edikkömalmayekwe could not bury | sizkömalmay edigizkömalmayegizyou all could not bury | alakömalmay edilekömalmayellethey could not bury |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menkömalırmaI will be able to bury | senkömalırsayou will be able to bury | olkömalırhe will be able to bury | bizkömalırbızwe will be able to bury | sizkömalırsızyou all will be able to bury | alakömalırlathey will be able to bury |
| Ability — future I | menkömalmazmaI won't be able to bury | senkömalmazsayou won't be able to bury | olkömalmazhe won't be able to bury | bizkömalmazbızwe won't be able to bury | sizkömalmazsızyou all won't be able to bury | alakömalmazlathey won't be able to bury |
| Ability — future I | menkömalırmamı? kömalırmıma?will I be able to bury? | senkömalırmısa?will you be able to bury? | olkömalırmı?will he be able to bury? | bizkömalırbızmı? kömalırmıbız?will we be able to bury? | sizkömalırmısız?will you all be able to bury? | alakömalırlamı? kömalırmıla?will they be able to bury? |
| Ability — future I | menkömalmazmamı? kömalmazmıma?won't I be able to bury? | senkömalmazmısa?won't you be able to bury? | olkömalmazmı?won't he be able to bury? | bizkömalmazbızmı? kömalmazmıbız?won't we be able to bury? | sizkömalmazmısız?won't you all be able to bury? | alakömalmazlamı? kömalmazmıla?won't they be able to bury? |
| Ability — future II | menkömallıqmaI am going to be able to bury | senkömallıqsayou are going to be able to bury | olkömallıqdıhe is going to be able to bury | bizkömallıqbızwe are going to be able to bury | sizkömallıqsızyou all are going to be able to bury | alakömallıqdılathey are going to be able to bury |
| Ability — future II | menkömallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to bury | senkömallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to bury | olkömallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to bury | bizkömallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to bury | sizkömallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to bury | alakömallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to bury |
| Ability — future II | menkömallıqmamı? kömallıqmıma?am I going to be able to bury? | senkömallıqmısa?are you going to be able to bury? | olkömallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to bury? | bizkömallıqbızmı? kömallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to bury? | sizkömallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to bury? | alakömallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to bury? |
| Ability — future II | menkömallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to bury? | senkömallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to bury? | olkömallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to bury? | bizkömallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to bury? | sizkömallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to bury? | alakömallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to bury? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkömalır edimkömalır emI would be able to bury | senkömalır ediŋkömalır eŋyou would be able to bury | olkömalır edikömalır edhe would be able to bury | bizkömalır edikkömalır ekwe would be able to bury | sizkömalır edigizkömalır egizyou all would be able to bury | alakömalır edilekömalır ellethey would be able to bury |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkömalmaz edimkömalmaz emI wouldn't be able to bury | senkömalmaz ediŋkömalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to bury | olkömalmaz edikömalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to bury | bizkömalmaz edikkömalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to bury | sizkömalmaz edigizkömalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to bury | alakömalmaz edilekömalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to bury |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkömalğınkömalğımay you be able to bury | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkömalmağınkömalmağımay you not be able to bury | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menkömerge izleymeI want to bury | senkömerge izleyseyou want to bury | olkömerge izleydihe wants to bury | bizkömerge izleybizwe want to bury | sizkömerge izleysizyou all want to bury | alakömerge izleydilethey want to bury |
| want to | menkömerge izlemeymeI do not want to bury | senkömerge izlemeyseyou do not want to bury | olkömerge izlemeydihe does not want to bury | bizkömerge izlemeybizwe do not want to bury | sizkömerge izlemeysizyou all do not want to bury | alakömerge izlemeydilethey do not want to bury |
| would like to | menkömerge süemeI would like to bury | senkömerge süeseyou would like to bury | olkömerge süedihe would like to bury | bizkömerge süebizwe would like to bury | sizkömerge süesizyou all would like to bury | alakömerge süedilethey would like to bury |
| would like to | menkömerge süymeymeI would not like to bury | senkömerge süymeyseyou would not like to bury | olkömerge süymeydihe would not like to bury | bizkömerge süymeybizwe would not like to bury | sizkömerge süymeysizyou all would not like to bury | alakömerge süymeydilethey would not like to bury |
| hope to | menkömerge umutlanamaI hope to bury | senkömerge umutlanasayou hope to bury | olkömerge umutlanadıhe hopes to bury | bizkömerge umutlanabızwe hope to bury | sizkömerge umutlanasızyou all hope to bury | alakömerge umutlanadılathey hope to bury |
| hope to | menkömerge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to bury | senkömerge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to bury | olkömerge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to bury | bizkömerge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to bury | sizkömerge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to bury | alakömerge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to bury |
| be about to | menkömerge deb turamaI am about to bury | senkömerge deb turasayou are about to bury | olkömerge deb turadıhe is about to bury | bizkömerge deb turabızwe are about to bury | sizkömerge deb turasızyou all are about to bury | alakömerge deb turadılathey are about to bury |
| be about to | menkömerge deb turmaymaI am not about to bury | senkömerge deb turmaysayou are not about to bury | olkömerge deb turmaydıhe is not about to bury | bizkömerge deb turmaybızwe are not about to bury | sizkömerge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to bury | alakömerge deb turmaydılathey are not about to bury |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menkömerge kerekmeI need to bury | senkömerge kerekseyou need to bury | olkömerge kerekdihe needs to bury | bizkömerge kerekbizwe need to bury | sizkömerge kereksizyou all need to bury | alakömerge kerekdilethey need to bury |
| need to | menkömerge kerek tülmeI do not need to bury | senkömerge kerek tülseyou do not need to bury | olkömerge kerek tüldühe does not need to bury | bizkömerge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to bury | sizkömerge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to bury | alakömerge kerek tüldülethey do not need to bury |
| have to | menmenŋe kömerge tüşediI have to bury | sensenŋe kömerge tüşediyou have to bury | olaŋa kömerge tüşedihe has to bury | bizbizge kömerge tüşediwe have to bury | sizsizge kömerge tüşediyou all have to bury | alaalağa kömerge tüşedithey have to bury |
| have to | menmenŋe kömerge tüşmeydiI do not have to bury | sensenŋe kömerge tüşmeydiyou do not have to bury | olaŋa kömerge tüşmeydihe does not have to bury | bizbizge kömerge tüşmeydiwe do not have to bury | sizsizge kömerge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to bury | alaalağa kömerge tüşmeydithey do not have to bury |
| be obliged to | menkömerge borçlumaI am obliged to bury | senkömerge borçlusayou are obliged to bury | olkömerge borçluduhe is obliged to bury | bizkömerge borçlubuzwe are obliged to bury | sizkömerge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to bury | alakömerge borçludulathey are obliged to bury |
| be obliged to | menkömerge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to bury | senkömerge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to bury | olkömerge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to bury | bizkömerge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to bury | sizkömerge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to bury | alakömerge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to bury |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menkömerge madarım bardıI have a way to bury | senkömerge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to bury | olkömerge madarı bardıhe has a way to bury | bizkömerge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to bury | sizkömerge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to bury | alakömerge madarları bardıthey have a way to bury |
| have a way to | menkömerge madarım joqduI have no way to bury | senkömerge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to bury | olkömerge madarı joqduhe has no way to bury | bizkömerge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to bury | sizkömerge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to bury | alakömerge madarları joqduthey have no way to bury |
| be free to | menkömerge erkinligim bardıI am free to bury | senkömerge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to bury | olkömerge erkinligi bardıhe is free to bury | bizkömerge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to bury | sizkömerge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to bury | alakömerge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to bury |
| be free to | menkömerge erkinligim joqduI am not free to bury | senkömerge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to bury | olkömerge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to bury | bizkömerge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to bury | sizkömerge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to bury | alakömerge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to bury |
| be possible to | menmenŋe kömerge bolluqduit is possible for me to bury | sensenŋe kömerge bolluqduit is possible for you to bury | olaŋa kömerge bolluqduit is possible for him to bury | bizbizge kömerge bolluqduit is possible for us to bury | sizsizge kömerge bolluqduit is possible for you all to bury | alaalağa kömerge bolluqduit is possible for them to bury |
| be possible to | menmenŋe kömerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to bury | sensenŋe kömerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to bury | olaŋa kömerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to bury | bizbizge kömerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to bury | sizsizge kömerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to bury | alaalağa kömerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to bury |
| be ready to | menkömerge hazırmaI am ready to bury | senkömerge hazırsayou are ready to bury | olkömerge hazırdıhe is ready to bury | bizkömerge hazırbızwe are ready to bury | sizkömerge hazırsızyou all are ready to bury | alakömerge hazırdılathey are ready to bury |
| be ready to | menkömerge hazır tülmeI am not ready to bury | senkömerge hazır tülseyou are not ready to bury | olkömerge hazır tüldühe is not ready to bury | bizkömerge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to bury | sizkömerge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to bury | alakömerge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to bury |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menkömerge küreşemeI am trying to bury | senkömerge küreşeseyou are trying to bury | olkömerge küreşedihe is trying to bury | bizkömerge küreşebizwe are trying to bury | sizkömerge küreşesizyou all are trying to bury | alakömerge küreşedilethey are trying to bury |
| try to | menkömerge küreşmeymeI am not trying to bury | senkömerge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to bury | olkömerge küreşmeydihe is not trying to bury | bizkömerge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to bury | sizkömerge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to bury | alakömerge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to bury |
| agree to | menkömerge unaymaI agree to bury | senkömerge unaysayou agree to bury | olkömerge unaydıhe agrees to bury | bizkömerge unaybızwe agree to bury | sizkömerge unaysızyou all agree to bury | alakömerge unaydılathey agree to bury |
| agree to | menkömerge unamaymaI refuse to bury | senkömerge unamaysayou refuse to bury | olkömerge unamaydıhe refuses to bury | bizkömerge unamaybızwe refuse to bury | sizkömerge unamaysızyou all refuse to bury | alakömerge unamaydılathey refuse to bury |
| hurry to | menkömerge aşığamaI am in a hurry to bury | senkömerge aşığasayou are in a hurry to bury | olkömerge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to bury | bizkömerge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to bury | sizkömerge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to bury | alakömerge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to bury |
| hurry to | menkömerge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to bury | senkömerge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to bury | olkömerge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to bury | bizkömerge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to bury | sizkömerge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to bury | alakömerge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to bury |
| be afraid to | menkömerge qorqamaI am afraid to bury | senkömerge qorqasayou are afraid to bury | olkömerge qorqadıhe is afraid to bury | bizkömerge qorqabızwe are afraid to bury | sizkömerge qorqasızyou all are afraid to bury | alakömerge qorqadılathey are afraid to bury |
| be afraid to | menkömerge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to bury | senkömerge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to bury | olkömerge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to bury | bizkömerge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to bury | sizkömerge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to bury | alakömerge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to bury |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menköme bolmazmaI can't be burying | senköme bolmazsayou can't be burying | olköme bolmazhe can't be burying | bizköme bolmazbızwe can't be burying | sizköme bolmazsızyou all can't be burying | alaköme bolmazlathey can't be burying |
| Inference, present — double negation | menkömmey bolmazmaI must be burying (emphatic) | senkömmey bolmazsayou must be burying (emphatic) | olkömmey bolmazhe must be burying (emphatic) | bizkömmey bolmazbızwe must be burying (emphatic) | sizkömmey bolmazsızyou all must be burying (emphatic) | alakömmey bolmazlathey must be burying (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menköme turmasamif I don't keep burying | senköme turmasaŋif you don't keep burying | olköme turmasaif he doesn't keep burying | bizköme turmasaqif we don't keep burying | sizköme turmasağızif you all don't keep burying | alaköme turmasalaif they don't keep burying |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menköme tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of burying | senköme tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of burying | olköme tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of burying | bizköme tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of burying | sizköme tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of burying | alaköme tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of burying |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menkömmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not burying (emphatic) | senkömmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not burying (emphatic) | olkömmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not burying (emphatic) | bizkömmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not burying (emphatic) | sizkömmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not burying (emphatic) | alakömmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not burying (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menkömmey turamaI keep on not burying | senkömmey turasayou keep on not burying | olkömmey turadıhe keeps on not burying | bizkömmey turabızwe keep on not burying | sizkömmey turasızyou all keep on not burying | alakömmey turadılathey keep on not burying |
| Progressive — double negation | menkömmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not burying | senkömmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not burying | olkömmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not burying | bizkömmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not burying | sizkömmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not burying | alakömmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not burying |
| Progressive — double negation | menkömmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not burying? | senkömmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not burying? | olkömmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not burying? | bizkömmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not burying? | sizkömmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not burying? | alakömmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not burying? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menkömgen bolmazmaI can't have buried | senkömgen bolmazsayou can't have buried | olkömgen bolmazhe can't have buried | bizkömgen bolmazbızwe can't have buried | sizkömgen bolmazsızyou all can't have buried | alakömgen bolmazlathey can't have buried |
| Inference — double negation | menkömmegen bolmazmaI must have buried (emphatic) | senkömmegen bolmazsayou must have buried (emphatic) | olkömmegen bolmazhe must have buried (emphatic) | bizkömmegen bolmazbızwe must have buried (emphatic) | sizkömmegen bolmazsızyou all must have buried (emphatic) | alakömmegen bolmazlathey must have buried (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menkömgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had buried | senkömgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had buried | olkömgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had buried | bizkömgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had buried | sizkömgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had buried | alakömgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had buried |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menkömmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't buried | senkömmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't buried | olkömmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't buried | bizkömmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't buried | sizkömmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't buried | alakömmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't buried |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menkömerik bolmazmaI can't be going to bury | senkömerik bolmazsayou can't be going to bury | olkömerik bolmazhe can't be going to bury | bizkömerik bolmazbızwe can't be going to bury | sizkömerik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to bury | alakömerik bolmazlathey can't be going to bury |
| Inference, future — double negation | menkömmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to bury (emphatic) | senkömmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to bury (emphatic) | olkömmezlik bolmazhe must be going to bury (emphatic) | bizkömmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to bury (emphatic) | sizkömmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to bury (emphatic) | alakömmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to bury (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menkömerik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to bury | senkömerik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to bury | olkömerik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to bury | bizkömerik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to bury | sizkömerik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to bury | alakömerik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to bury |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menkömmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to bury | senkömmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to bury | olkömmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to bury | bizkömmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to bury | sizkömmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to bury | alakömmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to bury |