juwuldarğa
/dʒuwuldarʁa/
1. rush, tear along, run fast; rush past — qayrı juwuldağansa means "where are you rushing off to?"; juwuldab ketdi means "he rushed past". one source
- qayrı juwuldağansa? — where are you rushing off to?
- juwuldab ketdi — he rushed past
- atla juwuldab keledile — the horses come rushing along
2. whistle, whiz, buzz, make a rushing noise; chirp (of birds); ring (of the ears) — Typical uses: oqla juwuldaydıla "the bullets are whistling", quşla juwuldaydıla "the birds are chirping" and qulağım juwuldaydı "my ears are ringing". Guzeev 1996–2005 treats it as a variant of zuwuldarğa.
- oqla juwuldaydıla — the bullets are whistling
- oqla juwuldab ozadıla — the bullets whiz past
- quşla juwuldaydıla — the birds are chirping
- qulağım juwuldaydı — my ear is ringing
Conjugation
Common forms
- juwuldaydıhe is rushing
- juwuldadıhe rushed
- juwuldağandıhe has rushed
- juwuldarhe will rush
- juwuldarıqdıhe is going to rush
- juwulday edihe was rushing
- juwuldasaif he rushes
- juwulda!rush!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjuwuldaymaI am rushing | senjuwuldaysayou are rushing | oljuwuldaydıhe is rushing | bizjuwuldaybızwe are rushing | sizjuwuldaysızyou all are rushing | alajuwuldaydılathey are rushing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjuwuldamaymaI am not rushing | senjuwuldamaysayou are not rushing | oljuwuldamaydıhe is not rushing | bizjuwuldamaybızwe are not rushing | sizjuwuldamaysızyou all are not rushing | alajuwuldamaydılathey are not rushing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjuwuldaymamı? juwuldaymıma?am I rushing? | senjuwuldaymısa?are you rushing? | oljuwuldaymıdı?is he rushing? | bizjuwuldaybızmı? juwuldaymıbız?are we rushing? | sizjuwuldaymısız?are you all rushing? | alajuwuldaymıdıla?are they rushing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjuwuldamaymamı? juwuldamaymıma?aren't I rushing? | senjuwuldamaymısa?aren't you rushing? | oljuwuldamaymıdı?isn't he rushing? | bizjuwuldamaybızmı? juwuldamaymıbız?aren't we rushing? | sizjuwuldamaymısız?aren't you all rushing? | alajuwuldamaymıdıla?aren't they rushing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjuwuldawçanmaI usually rush | senjuwuldawçansayou usually rush | oljuwuldawçandıhe usually rushes | bizjuwuldawçanbızwe usually rush | sizjuwuldawçansızyou all usually rush | alajuwuldawçandılathey usually rush |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjuwuldamawçanmaI usually don't rush | senjuwuldamawçansayou usually don't rush | oljuwuldamawçandıhe usually doesn't rush | bizjuwuldamawçanbızwe usually don't rush | sizjuwuldamawçansızyou all usually don't rush | alajuwuldamawçandılathey usually don't rush |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjuwuldawçanmamı? juwuldawçanmıma?do I usually rush? | senjuwuldawçanmısa?do you usually rush? | oljuwuldawçanmıdı?does he usually rush? | bizjuwuldawçanbızmı? juwuldawçanmıbız?do we usually rush? | sizjuwuldawçanmısız?do you all usually rush? | alajuwuldawçanmıdıla?do they usually rush? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjuwuldamawçanmamı? juwuldamawçanmıma?do I usually not rush? | senjuwuldamawçanmısa?do you usually not rush? | oljuwuldamawçanmıdı?does he usually not rush? | bizjuwuldamawçanbızmı? juwuldamawçanmıbız?do we usually not rush? | sizjuwuldamawçanmısız?do you all usually not rush? | alajuwuldamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not rush? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljuwuldabdıhe has rushed and remains so | alajuwuldabdılathey have rushed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljuwuldabmıdı?has he rushed? | alajuwuldabmıdıla?have they rushed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjuwuldab turamaI keep rushing | senjuwuldab turasayou keep rushing | oljuwuldab turadıhe keeps rushing | bizjuwuldab turabızwe keep rushing | sizjuwuldab turasızyou all keep rushing | alajuwuldab turadılathey keep rushing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjuwuldab turmaymaI don't keep rushing | senjuwuldab turmaysayou don't keep rushing | oljuwuldab turmaydıhe doesn't keep rushing | bizjuwuldab turmaybızwe don't keep rushing | sizjuwuldab turmaysızyou all don't keep rushing | alajuwuldab turmaydılathey don't keep rushing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjuwuldab turamamı? juwuldab turamıma?do I keep rushing? | senjuwuldab turamısa?do you keep rushing? | oljuwuldab turamıdı?does he keep rushing? | bizjuwuldab turabızmı? juwuldab turamıbız?do we keep rushing? | sizjuwuldab turamısız?do you all keep rushing? | alajuwuldab turamıdıla?do they keep rushing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjuwuldab turmaymamı? juwuldab turmaymıma?don't I keep rushing? | senjuwuldab turmaymısa?don't you keep rushing? | oljuwuldab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep rushing? | bizjuwuldab turmaybızmı? juwuldab turmaymıbız?don't we keep rushing? | sizjuwuldab turmaymısız?don't you all keep rushing? | alajuwuldab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep rushing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjuwulday turamaI am in the middle of rushing | senjuwulday turasayou are in the middle of rushing | oljuwulday turadıhe is in the middle of rushing | bizjuwulday turabızwe are in the middle of rushing | sizjuwulday turasızyou all are in the middle of rushing | alajuwulday turadılathey are in the middle of rushing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjuwulday turmaymaI am not in the middle of rushing | senjuwulday turmaysayou are not in the middle of rushing | oljuwulday turmaydıhe is not in the middle of rushing | bizjuwulday turmaybızwe are not in the middle of rushing | sizjuwulday turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of rushing | alajuwulday turmaydılathey are not in the middle of rushing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjuwulday turamamı? juwulday turamıma?am I in the middle of rushing? | senjuwulday turamısa?are you in the middle of rushing? | oljuwulday turamıdı?is he in the middle of rushing? | bizjuwulday turabızmı? juwulday turamıbız?are we in the middle of rushing? | sizjuwulday turamısız?are you all in the middle of rushing? | alajuwulday turamıdıla?are they in the middle of rushing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjuwulday turmaymamı? juwulday turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of rushing? | senjuwulday turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of rushing? | oljuwulday turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of rushing? | bizjuwulday turmaybızmı? juwulday turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of rushing? | sizjuwulday turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of rushing? | alajuwulday turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of rushing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjuwuldadımI rushed | senjuwuldadıŋyou rushed | oljuwuldadıhe rushed | bizjuwuldadıqwe rushed | sizjuwuldadığızyou all rushed | alajuwuldadılathey rushed |
| Simple past (definite) | menjuwuldamadımI didn't rush | senjuwuldamadıŋyou didn't rush | oljuwuldamadıhe didn't rush | bizjuwuldamadıqwe didn't rush | sizjuwuldamadığızyou all didn't rush | alajuwuldamadılathey didn't rush |
| Simple past (definite) | menjuwuldadımmı?did I rush? | senjuwuldadıŋmı?did you rush? | oljuwuldadımı?did he rush? | bizjuwuldadıqmı?did we rush? | sizjuwuldadığızmı?did you all rush? | alajuwuldadılamı?did they rush? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjuwuldamadımmı?didn't I rush? | senjuwuldamadıŋmı?didn't you rush? | oljuwuldamadımı?didn't he rush? | bizjuwuldamadıqmı?didn't we rush? | sizjuwuldamadığızmı?didn't you all rush? | alajuwuldamadılamı?didn't they rush? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjuwuldağanmaI have rushed | senjuwuldağansayou have rushed | oljuwuldağandıhe has rushed | bizjuwuldağanbızwe have rushed | sizjuwuldağansızyou all have rushed | alajuwuldağandılathey have rushed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjuwuldamağanmaI haven't rushed | senjuwuldamağansayou haven't rushed | oljuwuldamağandıhe hasn't rushed | bizjuwuldamağanbızwe haven't rushed | sizjuwuldamağansızyou all haven't rushed | alajuwuldamağandılathey haven't rushed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjuwuldağanmamı? juwuldağanmıma?have I rushed? | senjuwuldağanmısa?have you rushed? | oljuwuldağanmıdı?has he rushed? | bizjuwuldağanbızmı? juwuldağanmıbız?have we rushed? | sizjuwuldağanmısız?have you all rushed? | alajuwuldağanmıdıla?have they rushed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjuwuldamağanmamı? juwuldamağanmıma?haven't I rushed? | senjuwuldamağanmısa?haven't you rushed? | oljuwuldamağanmıdı?hasn't he rushed? | bizjuwuldamağanbızmı? juwuldamağanmıbız?haven't we rushed? | sizjuwuldamağanmısız?haven't you all rushed? | alajuwuldamağanmıdıla?haven't they rushed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjuwuldab turdumI kept rushing | senjuwuldab turduŋyou kept rushing | oljuwuldab turduhe kept rushing | bizjuwuldab turduqwe kept rushing | sizjuwuldab turduğuzyou all kept rushing | alajuwuldab turdulathey kept rushing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjuwuldab turmadımI didn't keep rushing | senjuwuldab turmadıŋyou didn't keep rushing | oljuwuldab turmadıhe didn't keep rushing | bizjuwuldab turmadıqwe didn't keep rushing | sizjuwuldab turmadığızyou all didn't keep rushing | alajuwuldab turmadılathey didn't keep rushing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjuwuldarmaI will rush | senjuwuldarsayou will rush | oljuwuldarhe will rush | bizjuwuldarbızwe will rush | sizjuwuldarsızyou all will rush | alajuwuldarlathey will rush |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjuwuldamazmaI won't rush | senjuwuldamazsayou won't rush | oljuwuldamazhe won't rush | bizjuwuldamazbızwe won't rush | sizjuwuldamazsızyou all won't rush | alajuwuldamazlathey won't rush |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjuwuldarmamı? juwuldarmıma?will I rush? | senjuwuldarmısa?will you rush? | oljuwuldarmı?will he rush? | bizjuwuldarbızmı? juwuldarmıbız?will we rush? | sizjuwuldarmısız?will you all rush? | alajuwuldarlamı? juwuldarmıla?will they rush? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjuwuldamazmamı? juwuldamazmıma?won't I rush? | senjuwuldamazmısa?won't you rush? | oljuwuldamazmı?won't he rush? | bizjuwuldamazbızmı? juwuldamazmıbız?won't we rush? | sizjuwuldamazmısız?won't you all rush? | alajuwuldamazlamı? juwuldamazmıla?won't they rush? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjuwuldarıqmaI am going to rush | senjuwuldarıqsayou are going to rush | oljuwuldarıqdıhe is going to rush | bizjuwuldarıqbızwe are going to rush | sizjuwuldarıqsızyou all are going to rush | alajuwuldarıqdılathey are going to rush |
| Definite future (future II) | menjuwuldarıq tülmeI am not going to rush | senjuwuldarıq tülseyou are not going to rush | oljuwuldarıq tüldühe is not going to rush | bizjuwuldarıq tülbüzwe are not going to rush | sizjuwuldarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to rush | alajuwuldarıq tüldülethey are not going to rush |
| Definite future (future II) | menjuwuldarıqmamı? juwuldarıqmıma?am I going to rush? | senjuwuldarıqmısa?are you going to rush? | oljuwuldarıqmıdı?is he going to rush? | bizjuwuldarıqbızmı? juwuldarıqmıbız?are we going to rush? | sizjuwuldarıqmısız?are you all going to rush? | alajuwuldarıqmıdıla?are they going to rush? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjuwuldarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to rush? | senjuwuldarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to rush? | oljuwuldarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to rush? | bizjuwuldarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to rush? | sizjuwuldarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to rush? | alajuwuldarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to rush? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjuwuldağan edimjuwuldağanemI had rushed | senjuwuldağan ediŋjuwuldağaneŋyou had rushed | oljuwuldağan edijuwuldağanedhe had rushed | bizjuwuldağan edikjuwuldağanekwe had rushed | sizjuwuldağan edigizjuwuldağanegizyou all had rushed | alajuwuldağan edilejuwuldağanellethey had rushed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjuwuldamağan edimjuwuldamağanemI hadn't rushed | senjuwuldamağan ediŋjuwuldamağaneŋyou hadn't rushed | oljuwuldamağan edijuwuldamağanedhe hadn't rushed | bizjuwuldamağan edikjuwuldamağanekwe hadn't rushed | sizjuwuldamağan edigizjuwuldamağanegizyou all hadn't rushed | alajuwuldamağan edilejuwuldamağanellethey hadn't rushed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjuwulday edimjuwuldayemI was rushing | senjuwulday ediŋjuwuldayeŋyou were rushing | oljuwulday edijuwuldayedhe was rushing | bizjuwulday edikjuwuldayekwe were rushing | sizjuwulday edigizjuwuldayegizyou all were rushing | alajuwulday edilejuwuldayellethey were rushing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjuwuldamay edimjuwuldamayemI wasn't rushing | senjuwuldamay ediŋjuwuldamayeŋyou weren't rushing | oljuwuldamay edijuwuldamayedhe wasn't rushing | bizjuwuldamay edikjuwuldamayekwe weren't rushing | sizjuwuldamay edigizjuwuldamayegizyou all weren't rushing | alajuwuldamay edilejuwuldamayellethey weren't rushing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjuwuldawçan edimjuwuldawçanemI used to rush | senjuwuldawçan ediŋjuwuldawçaneŋyou used to rush | oljuwuldawçan edijuwuldawçanedhe used to rush | bizjuwuldawçan edikjuwuldawçanekwe used to rush | sizjuwuldawçan edigizjuwuldawçanegizyou all used to rush | alajuwuldawçan edilejuwuldawçanellethey used to rush |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjuwuldamawçan edimjuwuldamawçanemI didn't use to rush | senjuwuldamawçan ediŋjuwuldamawçaneŋyou didn't use to rush | oljuwuldamawçan edijuwuldamawçanedhe didn't use to rush | bizjuwuldamawçan edikjuwuldamawçanekwe didn't use to rush | sizjuwuldamawçan edigizjuwuldamawçanegizyou all didn't use to rush | alajuwuldamawçan edilejuwuldamawçanellethey didn't use to rush |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljuwuldab edihe had rushed and remained so | alajuwuldab edilethey had rushed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljuwuldab tül edihe hadn't rushed | alajuwuldab tül edilethey hadn't rushed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjuwuldab tura edimjuwuldab turaemI had kept rushing | senjuwuldab tura ediŋjuwuldab turaeŋyou had kept rushing | oljuwuldab tura edijuwuldab turaedhe had kept rushing | bizjuwuldab tura edikjuwuldab turaekwe had kept rushing | sizjuwuldab tura edigizjuwuldab turaegizyou all had kept rushing | alajuwuldab tura edilejuwuldab turaellethey had kept rushing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjuwuldab turmay edimjuwuldab turmayemI hadn't kept rushing | senjuwuldab turmay ediŋjuwuldab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept rushing | oljuwuldab turmay edijuwuldab turmayedhe hadn't kept rushing | bizjuwuldab turmay edikjuwuldab turmayekwe hadn't kept rushing | sizjuwuldab turmay edigizjuwuldab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept rushing | alajuwuldab turmay edilejuwuldab turmayellethey hadn't kept rushing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjuwulday tura edimjuwulday turaemI was in the middle of rushing | senjuwulday tura ediŋjuwulday turaeŋyou were in the middle of rushing | oljuwulday tura edijuwulday turaedhe was in the middle of rushing | bizjuwulday tura edikjuwulday turaekwe were in the middle of rushing | sizjuwulday tura edigizjuwulday turaegizyou all were in the middle of rushing | alajuwulday tura edilejuwulday turaellethey were in the middle of rushing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjuwulday turmay edimjuwulday turmayemI wasn't in the middle of rushing | senjuwulday turmay ediŋjuwulday turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of rushing | oljuwulday turmay edijuwulday turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of rushing | bizjuwulday turmay edikjuwulday turmayekwe weren't in the middle of rushing | sizjuwulday turmay edigizjuwulday turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of rushing | alajuwulday turmay edilejuwulday turmayellethey weren't in the middle of rushing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjuwuldar edimjuwuldar emI would rush | senjuwuldar ediŋjuwuldar eŋyou would rush | oljuwuldar edijuwuldar edhe would rush | bizjuwuldar edikjuwuldar ekwe would rush | sizjuwuldar edigizjuwuldar egizyou all would rush | alajuwuldar edilejuwuldar ellethey would rush |
| Conditional result (would) | menjuwuldamaz edimjuwuldamaz emI wouldn't rush | senjuwuldamaz ediŋjuwuldamaz eŋyou wouldn't rush | oljuwuldamaz edijuwuldamaz edhe wouldn't rush | bizjuwuldamaz edikjuwuldamaz ekwe wouldn't rush | sizjuwuldamaz edigizjuwuldamaz egizyou all wouldn't rush | alajuwuldamaz edilejuwuldamaz ellethey wouldn't rush |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjuwuldarıq edimjuwuldarıq emI would have rushed | senjuwuldarıq ediŋjuwuldarıq eŋyou would have rushed | oljuwuldarıq edijuwuldarıq edhe would have rushed | bizjuwuldarıq edikjuwuldarıq ekwe would have rushed | sizjuwuldarıq edigizjuwuldarıq egizyou all would have rushed | alajuwuldarıq edilejuwuldarıq ellethey would have rushed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjuwuldarıq tül edimjuwuldarıq tül emI wouldn't have rushed | senjuwuldarıq tül ediŋjuwuldarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have rushed | oljuwuldarıq tül edijuwuldarıq tül edhe wouldn't have rushed | bizjuwuldarıq tül edikjuwuldarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have rushed | sizjuwuldarıq tül edigizjuwuldarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have rushed | alajuwuldarıq tül edilejuwuldarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have rushed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjuwuldasamif I rush | senjuwuldasaŋif you rush | oljuwuldasaif he rushes | bizjuwuldasaqif we rush | sizjuwuldasağızif you all rush | alajuwuldasalaif they rush |
| Conditional | menjuwuldamasamif I don't rush | senjuwuldamasaŋif you don't rush | oljuwuldamasaif he doesn't rush | bizjuwuldamasaqif we don't rush | sizjuwuldamasağızif you all don't rush | alajuwuldamasalaif they don't rush |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjuwulday esemif I am rushing | senjuwulday eseŋif you are rushing | oljuwulday eseif he is rushing | bizjuwulday esekif we are rushing | sizjuwulday esegizif you all are rushing | alajuwulday eseleif they are rushing |
| Conditional, present real | menjuwuldamay esemif I am not rushing | senjuwuldamay eseŋif you are not rushing | oljuwuldamay eseif he is not rushing | bizjuwuldamay esekif we are not rushing | sizjuwuldamay esegizif you all are not rushing | alajuwuldamay eseleif they are not rushing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjuwuldasam edijuwuldasam edif only I rushed | senjuwuldasaŋ edijuwuldasaŋ edif only you rushed | oljuwuldasa edijuwuldasaedif only he rushed | bizjuwuldasaq edijuwuldasaq edif only we rushed | sizjuwuldasağız edijuwuldasağız edif only you all rushed | alajuwuldasala edijuwuldasalaedif only they rushed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjuwuldamasam edijuwuldamasam edif only I didn't rush | senjuwuldamasaŋ edijuwuldamasaŋ edif only you didn't rush | oljuwuldamasa edijuwuldamasaedif only he didn't rush | bizjuwuldamasaq edijuwuldamasaq edif only we didn't rush | sizjuwuldamasağız edijuwuldamasağız edif only you all didn't rush | alajuwuldamasala edijuwuldamasalaedif only they didn't rush |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjuwuldab tursamif I carry on rushing | senjuwuldab tursaŋif you carry on rushing | oljuwuldab tursaif he carries on rushing | bizjuwuldab tursaqif we carry on rushing | sizjuwuldab tursağızif you all carry on rushing | alajuwuldab tursalaif they carry on rushing |
| Durative conditional | menjuwuldab turmasamif I don't carry on rushing | senjuwuldab turmasaŋif you don't carry on rushing | oljuwuldab turmasaif he doesn't carry on rushing | bizjuwuldab turmasaqif we don't carry on rushing | sizjuwuldab turmasağızif you all don't carry on rushing | alajuwuldab turmasalaif they don't carry on rushing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjuwuldab tura esemif I have kept rushing | senjuwuldab tura eseŋif you have kept rushing | oljuwuldab tura eseif he has kept rushing | bizjuwuldab tura esekif we have kept rushing | sizjuwuldab tura esegizif you all have kept rushing | alajuwuldab tura eseleif they have kept rushing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjuwuldab turmay esemif I haven't kept rushing | senjuwuldab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept rushing | oljuwuldab turmay eseif he hasn't kept rushing | bizjuwuldab turmay esekif we haven't kept rushing | sizjuwuldab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept rushing | alajuwuldab turmay eseleif they haven't kept rushing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjuwulday tursamif I keep rushing | senjuwulday tursaŋif you keep rushing | oljuwulday tursaif he keeps rushing | bizjuwulday tursaqif we keep rushing | sizjuwulday tursağızif you all keep rushing | alajuwulday tursalaif they keep rushing |
| Progressive conditional | menjuwuldamay tursamif I keep on not rushing | senjuwuldamay tursaŋif you keep on not rushing | oljuwuldamay tursaif he keeps on not rushing | bizjuwuldamay tursaqif we keep on not rushing | sizjuwuldamay tursağızif you all keep on not rushing | alajuwuldamay tursalaif they keep on not rushing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjuwulday tura esemif I am in the middle of rushing | senjuwulday tura eseŋif you are in the middle of rushing | oljuwulday tura eseif he is in the middle of rushing | bizjuwulday tura esekif we are in the middle of rushing | sizjuwulday tura esegizif you all are in the middle of rushing | alajuwulday tura eseleif they are in the middle of rushing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjuwuldamay tura esemif I keep on not rushing | senjuwuldamay tura eseŋif you keep on not rushing | oljuwuldamay tura eseif he keeps on not rushing | bizjuwuldamay tura esekif we keep on not rushing | sizjuwuldamay tura esegizif you all keep on not rushing | alajuwuldamay tura eseleif they keep on not rushing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjuwuldadım esemif I rushed | senjuwuldadıŋ eseŋif you rushed | oljuwuldadı eseif he rushed | bizjuwuldadıq esekif we rushed | sizjuwuldadığız esegizif you all rushed | alajuwuldadıla eseleif they rushed |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjuwuldamadım esemif I didn't rush | senjuwuldamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't rush | oljuwuldamadı eseif he didn't rush | bizjuwuldamadıq esekif we didn't rush | sizjuwuldamadığız esegizif you all didn't rush | alajuwuldamadıla eseleif they didn't rush |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjuwuldağan esemif I did rush (indeed) | senjuwuldağan eseŋif you did rush (indeed) | oljuwuldağan eseif he did rush (indeed) | bizjuwuldağan esekif we did rush (indeed) | sizjuwuldağan esegizif you all did rush (indeed) | alajuwuldağan eseleif they did rush (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjuwuldamağan esemif I didn't rush (indeed) | senjuwuldamağan eseŋif you didn't rush (indeed) | oljuwuldamağan eseif he didn't rush (indeed) | bizjuwuldamağan esekif we didn't rush (indeed) | sizjuwuldamağan esegizif you all didn't rush (indeed) | alajuwuldamağan eseleif they didn't rush (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjuwuldağan bolsamif I had rushed | senjuwuldağan bolsaŋif you had rushed | oljuwuldağan bolsaif he had rushed | bizjuwuldağan bolsaqif we had rushed | sizjuwuldağan bolsağızif you all had rushed | alajuwuldağan bolsalaif they had rushed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjuwuldamağan bolsamif I hadn't rushed | senjuwuldamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't rushed | oljuwuldamağan bolsaif he hadn't rushed | bizjuwuldamağan bolsaqif we hadn't rushed | sizjuwuldamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't rushed | alajuwuldamağan bolsalaif they hadn't rushed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjuwuldağan bolsam edijuwuldağan bolsam edif only I had rushed | senjuwuldağan bolsaŋ edijuwuldağan bolsaŋ edif only you had rushed | oljuwuldağan bolsa edijuwuldağan bolsaedif only he had rushed | bizjuwuldağan bolsaq edijuwuldağan bolsaq edif only we had rushed | sizjuwuldağan bolsağız edijuwuldağan bolsağız edif only you all had rushed | alajuwuldağan bolsala edijuwuldağan bolsalaedif only they had rushed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjuwuldamağan bolsam edijuwuldamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't rushed | senjuwuldamağan bolsaŋ edijuwuldamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't rushed | oljuwuldamağan bolsa edijuwuldamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't rushed | bizjuwuldamağan bolsaq edijuwuldamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't rushed | sizjuwuldamağan bolsağız edijuwuldamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't rushed | alajuwuldamağan bolsala edijuwuldamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't rushed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjuwuldar esemif I will rush | senjuwuldar eseŋif you will rush | oljuwuldar eseif he will rush | bizjuwuldar esekif we will rush | sizjuwuldar esegizif you all will rush | alajuwuldar eseleif they will rush |
| Conditional, aorist | menjuwuldamaz esemif I won't rush | senjuwuldamaz eseŋif you won't rush | oljuwuldamaz eseif he won't rush | bizjuwuldamaz esekif we won't rush | sizjuwuldamaz esegizif you all won't rush | alajuwuldamaz eseleif they won't rush |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjuwuldarıq esemif I am going to rush | senjuwuldarıq eseŋif you are going to rush | oljuwuldarıq eseif he is going to rush | bizjuwuldarıq esekif we are going to rush | sizjuwuldarıq esegizif you all are going to rush | alajuwuldarıq eseleif they are going to rush |
| Conditional, future | menjuwuldarıq tül esemif I am not going to rush | senjuwuldarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to rush | oljuwuldarıq tül eseif he is not going to rush | bizjuwuldarıq tül esekif we are not going to rush | sizjuwuldarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to rush | alajuwuldarıq tül eseleif they are not going to rush |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjuwuldarıq bolsamif I were going to rush | senjuwuldarıq bolsaŋif you were going to rush | oljuwuldarıq bolsaif he were going to rush | bizjuwuldarıq bolsaqif we were going to rush | sizjuwuldarıq bolsağızif you all were going to rush | alajuwuldarıq bolsalaif they were going to rush |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjuwuldamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to rush | senjuwuldamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to rush | oljuwuldamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to rush | bizjuwuldamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to rush | sizjuwuldamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to rush | alajuwuldamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to rush |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso juwuldadıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjuwulday bolurmaI must be rushing | senjuwulday bolursayou must be rushing | oljuwulday bolurhe must be rushing | bizjuwulday bolurbuzwe must be rushing | sizjuwulday bolursuzyou all must be rushing | alajuwulday bolurlathey must be rushing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjuwuldamay bolurmaI must not be rushing | senjuwuldamay bolursayou must not be rushing | oljuwuldamay bolurhe must not be rushing | bizjuwuldamay bolurbuzwe must not be rushing | sizjuwuldamay bolursuzyou all must not be rushing | alajuwuldamay bolurlathey must not be rushing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjuwulday tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of rushing | senjuwulday tura bolursayou must be in the middle of rushing | oljuwulday tura bolurhe must be in the middle of rushing | bizjuwulday tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of rushing | sizjuwulday tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of rushing | alajuwulday tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of rushing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjuwuldamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not rushing | senjuwuldamay tura bolursayou must keep on not rushing | oljuwuldamay tura bolurhe must keep on not rushing | bizjuwuldamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not rushing | sizjuwuldamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not rushing | alajuwuldamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not rushing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjuwuldağan bolurmaI must have rushed | senjuwuldağan bolursayou must have rushed | oljuwuldağan bolurhe must have rushed | bizjuwuldağan bolurbuzwe must have rushed | sizjuwuldağan bolursuzyou all must have rushed | alajuwuldağan bolurlathey must have rushed |
| Inference (must have) | menjuwuldamağan bolurmaI must not have rushed | senjuwuldamağan bolursayou must not have rushed | oljuwuldamağan bolurhe must not have rushed | bizjuwuldamağan bolurbuzwe must not have rushed | sizjuwuldamağan bolursuzyou all must not have rushed | alajuwuldamağan bolurlathey must not have rushed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjuwuldarıq bolurmaI must be going to rush | senjuwuldarıq bolursayou must be going to rush | oljuwuldarıq bolurhe must be going to rush | bizjuwuldarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to rush | sizjuwuldarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to rush | alajuwuldarıq bolurlathey must be going to rush |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjuwuldamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to rush | senjuwuldamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to rush | oljuwuldamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to rush | bizjuwuldamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to rush | sizjuwuldamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to rush | alajuwuldamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to rush |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjuwuldayımlet me rush | senjuwulda!rush! | oljuwuldasınlet him rush | bizjuwuldayıqlet's rush | sizjuwuldağız!rush, you all! | alajuwuldasınlalet them rush |
| Commands & suggestions | menjuwuldamayımlet me not rush | senjuwuldama!don't rush! | oljuwuldamasınlet him not rush | bizjuwuldamayıqlet's not rush | sizjuwuldamağız!don't rush, you all! | alajuwuldamasınlalet them not rush |
| Commands & suggestions | menjuwuldayımmı?shall I rush? | oljuwuldasınmı?should he rush? | bizjuwuldayıqmı?shall we rush? | alajuwuldasınlamı?should they rush? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjuwuldamayımmı?shall I not rush? | oljuwuldamasınmı?should he not rush? | bizjuwuldamayıqmı?shall we not rush? | alajuwuldamasınlamı?should they not rush? | ||
| Requests | senjuwuldaçı2juwuldaçınplease rush | oljuwuldasınçıdo let him rush | sizjuwuldaçığızplease rush (plural/polite) | alajuwuldasınlaçıdo let them rush | ||
| Requests | senjuwuldamaçı2juwuldamaçınplease don't rush | oljuwuldamasınçıdo let him not rush | sizjuwuldamaçığızplease don't rush (plural/polite) | alajuwuldamasınlaçıdo let them not rush | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjuwuldağınjuwuldağımay you rush | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjuwuldamağınjuwuldamağımay you not rush | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjuwuldağay edim juwuldağa edimwould that I rushed | senjuwuldağay ediŋ juwuldağa ediŋwould that you rushed | oljuwuldağay edi juwuldağa ediwould that he rushed | bizjuwuldağay edik juwuldağa edikwould that we rushed | sizjuwuldağay edigiz juwuldağa edigizwould that you all rushed | alajuwuldağay edile juwuldağa edilewould that they rushed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjuwuldamağay edim juwuldamağa edimwould that I did not rush | senjuwuldamağay ediŋ juwuldamağa ediŋwould that you did not rush | oljuwuldamağay edi juwuldamağa ediwould that he did not rush | bizjuwuldamağay edik juwuldamağa edikwould that we did not rush | sizjuwuldamağay edigiz juwuldamağa edigizwould that you all did not rush | alajuwuldamağay edile juwuldamağa edilewould that they did not rush |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjuwuldamağa qoyayımjuwuldama qoyayımlet me allow someone to rush | senjuwuldamağa qoy!juwuldama qoy!let someone rush! | oljuwuldamağa qoysunjuwuldama qoysunlet him allow someone to rush | bizjuwuldamağa qoyayıqjuwuldama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to rush | sizjuwuldamağa qoyuğuz!juwuldama qoyuğuz!let someone rush, you all! | alajuwuldamağa qoysunlajuwuldama qoysunlalet them allow someone to rush |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjuwuldamağa qoymayımjuwuldama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to rush | senjuwuldamağa qoyma!juwuldama qoyma!don't let someone rush! | oljuwuldamağa qoymasınjuwuldama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to rush | bizjuwuldamağa qoymayıqjuwuldama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to rush | sizjuwuldamağa qoymağız!juwuldama qoymağız!don't let someone rush, you all! | alajuwuldamağa qoymasınlajuwuldama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to rush |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjuwuldamağa qoyayımmı?juwuldama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to rush? | oljuwuldamağa qoysunmu?juwuldama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to rush? | bizjuwuldamağa qoyayıqmı?juwuldama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to rush? | alajuwuldamağa qoysunlamı?juwuldama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to rush? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjuwuldamağa qoymayımmı?juwuldama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to rush? | oljuwuldamağa qoymasınmı?juwuldama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to rush? | bizjuwuldamağa qoymayıqmı?juwuldama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to rush? | alajuwuldamağa qoymasınlamı?juwuldama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to rush? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjuwuldamağa qoyamajuwuldama qoyamaI allow someone to rush | senjuwuldamağa qoyasajuwuldama qoyasayou allow someone to rush | oljuwuldamağa qoyadıjuwuldama qoyadıhe allows someone to rush | bizjuwuldamağa qoyabızjuwuldama qoyabızwe allow someone to rush | sizjuwuldamağa qoyasızjuwuldama qoyasızyou all allow someone to rush | alajuwuldamağa qoyadılajuwuldama qoyadılathey allow someone to rush |
| Let someone… (present) | menjuwuldamağa qoymaymajuwuldama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to rush | senjuwuldamağa qoymaysajuwuldama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to rush | oljuwuldamağa qoymaydıjuwuldama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to rush | bizjuwuldamağa qoymaybızjuwuldama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to rush | sizjuwuldamağa qoymaysızjuwuldama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to rush | alajuwuldamağa qoymaydılajuwuldama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to rush |
| Let someone… (present) | menjuwuldamağa qoyamamı?juwuldama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to rush? | senjuwuldamağa qoyamısa?juwuldama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to rush? | oljuwuldamağa qoyamıdı?juwuldama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to rush? | bizjuwuldamağa qoyabızmı?juwuldama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to rush? | sizjuwuldamağa qoyamısız?juwuldama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to rush? | alajuwuldamağa qoyamıdıla?juwuldama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to rush? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjuwuldamağa qoymaymamı?juwuldama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to rush? | senjuwuldamağa qoymaymısa?juwuldama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to rush? | oljuwuldamağa qoymaymıdı?juwuldama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to rush? | bizjuwuldamağa qoymaybızmı?juwuldama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to rush? | sizjuwuldamağa qoymaymısız?juwuldama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to rush? | alajuwuldamağa qoymaymıdıla?juwuldama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to rush? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjuwuldamağa qoydumjuwuldama qoydumI allowed someone to rush | senjuwuldamağa qoyduŋjuwuldama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to rush | oljuwuldamağa qoydujuwuldama qoyduhe allowed someone to rush | bizjuwuldamağa qoyduqjuwuldama qoyduqwe allowed someone to rush | sizjuwuldamağa qoyduğuzjuwuldama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to rush | alajuwuldamağa qoydulajuwuldama qoydulathey allowed someone to rush |
| Let someone… (past) | menjuwuldamağa qoymadımjuwuldama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to rush | senjuwuldamağa qoymadıŋjuwuldama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to rush | oljuwuldamağa qoymadıjuwuldama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to rush | bizjuwuldamağa qoymadıqjuwuldama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to rush | sizjuwuldamağa qoymadığızjuwuldama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to rush | alajuwuldamağa qoymadılajuwuldama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to rush |
| Let someone… (past) | menjuwuldamağa qoydummu?juwuldama qoydummu?did I allow someone to rush? | senjuwuldamağa qoyduŋmu?juwuldama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to rush? | oljuwuldamağa qoydumu?juwuldama qoydumu?did he allow someone to rush? | bizjuwuldamağa qoyduqmu?juwuldama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to rush? | sizjuwuldamağa qoyduğuzmu?juwuldama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to rush? | alajuwuldamağa qoydulamı?juwuldama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to rush? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjuwuldamağa qoymadımmı?juwuldama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to rush? | senjuwuldamağa qoymadıŋmı?juwuldama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to rush? | oljuwuldamağa qoymadımı?juwuldama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to rush? | bizjuwuldamağa qoymadıqmı?juwuldama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to rush? | sizjuwuldamağa qoymadığızmı?juwuldama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to rush? | alajuwuldamağa qoymadılamı?juwuldama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to rush? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
juwuldayalırğa be able to rush · juwuldayalmazğa be unable to rush
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjuwuldayalamaI can rush | senjuwuldayalasayou can rush | oljuwuldayaladıhe can rush | bizjuwuldayalabızwe can rush | sizjuwuldayalasızyou all can rush | alajuwuldayaladılathey can rush |
| Ability — present | menjuwuldayalmaymaI can't rush | senjuwuldayalmaysayou can't rush | oljuwuldayalmaydıhe can't rush | bizjuwuldayalmaybızwe can't rush | sizjuwuldayalmaysızyou all can't rush | alajuwuldayalmaydılathey can't rush |
| Ability — present | menjuwuldayalamamı? juwuldayalamıma?can I rush? | senjuwuldayalamısa?can you rush? | oljuwuldayalamıdı?can he rush? | bizjuwuldayalabızmı? juwuldayalamıbız?can we rush? | sizjuwuldayalamısız?can you all rush? | alajuwuldayalamıdıla?can they rush? |
| Ability — present | menjuwuldayalmaymamı? juwuldayalmaymıma?can't I rush? | senjuwuldayalmaymısa?can't you rush? | oljuwuldayalmaymıdı?can't he rush? | bizjuwuldayalmaybızmı? juwuldayalmaymıbız?can't we rush? | sizjuwuldayalmaymısız?can't you all rush? | alajuwuldayalmaymıdıla?can't they rush? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjuwuldayalsamif I can rush | senjuwuldayalsaŋif you can rush | oljuwuldayalsaif he can rush | bizjuwuldayalsaqif we can rush | sizjuwuldayalsağızif you all can rush | alajuwuldayalsalaif they can rush |
| Ability — if I can… | menjuwuldayalmasamif I can't rush | senjuwuldayalmasaŋif you can't rush | oljuwuldayalmasaif he can't rush | bizjuwuldayalmasaqif we can't rush | sizjuwuldayalmasağızif you all can't rush | alajuwuldayalmasalaif they can't rush |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjuwuldayaldımI was able to rush | senjuwuldayaldıŋyou were able to rush | oljuwuldayaldıhe was able to rush | bizjuwuldayaldıqwe were able to rush | sizjuwuldayaldığızyou all were able to rush | alajuwuldayaldılathey were able to rush |
| Ability — simple past | menjuwuldayalmadımI could not rush | senjuwuldayalmadıŋyou could not rush | oljuwuldayalmadıhe could not rush | bizjuwuldayalmadıqwe could not rush | sizjuwuldayalmadığızyou all could not rush | alajuwuldayalmadılathey could not rush |
| Ability — simple past | menjuwuldayaldımmı?was I able to rush? | senjuwuldayaldıŋmı?were you able to rush? | oljuwuldayaldımı?was he able to rush? | bizjuwuldayaldıqmı?were we able to rush? | sizjuwuldayaldığızmı?were you all able to rush? | alajuwuldayaldılamı?were they able to rush? |
| Ability — simple past | menjuwuldayalmadımmı?couldn't I rush? | senjuwuldayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you rush? | oljuwuldayalmadımı?couldn't he rush? | bizjuwuldayalmadıqmı?couldn't we rush? | sizjuwuldayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all rush? | alajuwuldayalmadılamı?couldn't they rush? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjuwuldayalğanmaI have been able to rush | senjuwuldayalğansayou have been able to rush | oljuwuldayalğandıhe has been able to rush | bizjuwuldayalğanbızwe have been able to rush | sizjuwuldayalğansızyou all have been able to rush | alajuwuldayalğandılathey have been able to rush |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjuwuldayalmağanmaI haven't been able to rush | senjuwuldayalmağansayou haven't been able to rush | oljuwuldayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to rush | bizjuwuldayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to rush | sizjuwuldayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to rush | alajuwuldayalmağandılathey haven't been able to rush |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjuwuldayalğanmamı? juwuldayalğanmıma?have I been able to rush? | senjuwuldayalğanmısa?have you been able to rush? | oljuwuldayalğanmıdı?has he been able to rush? | bizjuwuldayalğanbızmı? juwuldayalğanmıbız?have we been able to rush? | sizjuwuldayalğanmısız?have you all been able to rush? | alajuwuldayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to rush? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjuwuldayalmağanmamı? juwuldayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to rush? | senjuwuldayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to rush? | oljuwuldayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to rush? | bizjuwuldayalmağanbızmı? juwuldayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to rush? | sizjuwuldayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to rush? | alajuwuldayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to rush? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjuwuldayalğan edimjuwuldayalğanemI had been able to rush | senjuwuldayalğan ediŋjuwuldayalğaneŋyou had been able to rush | oljuwuldayalğan edijuwuldayalğanedhe had been able to rush | bizjuwuldayalğan edikjuwuldayalğanekwe had been able to rush | sizjuwuldayalğan edigizjuwuldayalğanegizyou all had been able to rush | alajuwuldayalğan edilejuwuldayalğanellethey had been able to rush |
| Ability — past perfect | menjuwuldayalmağan edimjuwuldayalmağanemI hadn't been able to rush | senjuwuldayalmağan ediŋjuwuldayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to rush | oljuwuldayalmağan edijuwuldayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to rush | bizjuwuldayalmağan edikjuwuldayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to rush | sizjuwuldayalmağan edigizjuwuldayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to rush | alajuwuldayalmağan edilejuwuldayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to rush |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjuwuldayala edimjuwuldayalaemI could rush | senjuwuldayala ediŋjuwuldayalaeŋyou could rush | oljuwuldayala edijuwuldayalaedhe could rush | bizjuwuldayala edikjuwuldayalaekwe could rush | sizjuwuldayala edigizjuwuldayalaegizyou all could rush | alajuwuldayala edilejuwuldayalaellethey could rush |
| Ability — past background | menjuwuldayalmay edimjuwuldayalmayemI could not rush | senjuwuldayalmay ediŋjuwuldayalmayeŋyou could not rush | oljuwuldayalmay edijuwuldayalmayedhe could not rush | bizjuwuldayalmay edikjuwuldayalmayekwe could not rush | sizjuwuldayalmay edigizjuwuldayalmayegizyou all could not rush | alajuwuldayalmay edilejuwuldayalmayellethey could not rush |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjuwuldayalırmaI will be able to rush | senjuwuldayalırsayou will be able to rush | oljuwuldayalırhe will be able to rush | bizjuwuldayalırbızwe will be able to rush | sizjuwuldayalırsızyou all will be able to rush | alajuwuldayalırlathey will be able to rush |
| Ability — future I | menjuwuldayalmazmaI won't be able to rush | senjuwuldayalmazsayou won't be able to rush | oljuwuldayalmazhe won't be able to rush | bizjuwuldayalmazbızwe won't be able to rush | sizjuwuldayalmazsızyou all won't be able to rush | alajuwuldayalmazlathey won't be able to rush |
| Ability — future I | menjuwuldayalırmamı? juwuldayalırmıma?will I be able to rush? | senjuwuldayalırmısa?will you be able to rush? | oljuwuldayalırmı?will he be able to rush? | bizjuwuldayalırbızmı? juwuldayalırmıbız?will we be able to rush? | sizjuwuldayalırmısız?will you all be able to rush? | alajuwuldayalırlamı? juwuldayalırmıla?will they be able to rush? |
| Ability — future I | menjuwuldayalmazmamı? juwuldayalmazmıma?won't I be able to rush? | senjuwuldayalmazmısa?won't you be able to rush? | oljuwuldayalmazmı?won't he be able to rush? | bizjuwuldayalmazbızmı? juwuldayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to rush? | sizjuwuldayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to rush? | alajuwuldayalmazlamı? juwuldayalmazmıla?won't they be able to rush? |
| Ability — future II | menjuwuldayallıqmaI am going to be able to rush | senjuwuldayallıqsayou are going to be able to rush | oljuwuldayallıqdıhe is going to be able to rush | bizjuwuldayallıqbızwe are going to be able to rush | sizjuwuldayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to rush | alajuwuldayallıqdılathey are going to be able to rush |
| Ability — future II | menjuwuldayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to rush | senjuwuldayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to rush | oljuwuldayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to rush | bizjuwuldayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to rush | sizjuwuldayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to rush | alajuwuldayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to rush |
| Ability — future II | menjuwuldayallıqmamı? juwuldayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to rush? | senjuwuldayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to rush? | oljuwuldayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to rush? | bizjuwuldayallıqbızmı? juwuldayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to rush? | sizjuwuldayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to rush? | alajuwuldayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to rush? |
| Ability — future II | menjuwuldayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to rush? | senjuwuldayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to rush? | oljuwuldayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to rush? | bizjuwuldayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to rush? | sizjuwuldayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to rush? | alajuwuldayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to rush? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjuwuldayalır edimjuwuldayalır emI would be able to rush | senjuwuldayalır ediŋjuwuldayalır eŋyou would be able to rush | oljuwuldayalır edijuwuldayalır edhe would be able to rush | bizjuwuldayalır edikjuwuldayalır ekwe would be able to rush | sizjuwuldayalır edigizjuwuldayalır egizyou all would be able to rush | alajuwuldayalır edilejuwuldayalır ellethey would be able to rush |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjuwuldayalmaz edimjuwuldayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to rush | senjuwuldayalmaz ediŋjuwuldayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to rush | oljuwuldayalmaz edijuwuldayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to rush | bizjuwuldayalmaz edikjuwuldayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to rush | sizjuwuldayalmaz edigizjuwuldayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to rush | alajuwuldayalmaz edilejuwuldayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to rush |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjuwuldayalğınjuwuldayalğımay you be able to rush | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjuwuldayalmağınjuwuldayalmağımay you not be able to rush | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjuwuldarğa izleymeI want to rush | senjuwuldarğa izleyseyou want to rush | oljuwuldarğa izleydihe wants to rush | bizjuwuldarğa izleybizwe want to rush | sizjuwuldarğa izleysizyou all want to rush | alajuwuldarğa izleydilethey want to rush |
| want to | menjuwuldarğa izlemeymeI do not want to rush | senjuwuldarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to rush | oljuwuldarğa izlemeydihe does not want to rush | bizjuwuldarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to rush | sizjuwuldarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to rush | alajuwuldarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to rush |
| would like to | menjuwuldarğa süemeI would like to rush | senjuwuldarğa süeseyou would like to rush | oljuwuldarğa süedihe would like to rush | bizjuwuldarğa süebizwe would like to rush | sizjuwuldarğa süesizyou all would like to rush | alajuwuldarğa süedilethey would like to rush |
| would like to | menjuwuldarğa süymeymeI would not like to rush | senjuwuldarğa süymeyseyou would not like to rush | oljuwuldarğa süymeydihe would not like to rush | bizjuwuldarğa süymeybizwe would not like to rush | sizjuwuldarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to rush | alajuwuldarğa süymeydilethey would not like to rush |
| hope to | menjuwuldarğa umutlanamaI hope to rush | senjuwuldarğa umutlanasayou hope to rush | oljuwuldarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to rush | bizjuwuldarğa umutlanabızwe hope to rush | sizjuwuldarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to rush | alajuwuldarğa umutlanadılathey hope to rush |
| hope to | menjuwuldarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to rush | senjuwuldarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to rush | oljuwuldarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to rush | bizjuwuldarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to rush | sizjuwuldarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to rush | alajuwuldarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to rush |
| be about to | menjuwuldarğa deb turamaI am about to rush | senjuwuldarğa deb turasayou are about to rush | oljuwuldarğa deb turadıhe is about to rush | bizjuwuldarğa deb turabızwe are about to rush | sizjuwuldarğa deb turasızyou all are about to rush | alajuwuldarğa deb turadılathey are about to rush |
| be about to | menjuwuldarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to rush | senjuwuldarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to rush | oljuwuldarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to rush | bizjuwuldarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to rush | sizjuwuldarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to rush | alajuwuldarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to rush |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjuwuldarğa kerekmeI need to rush | senjuwuldarğa kerekseyou need to rush | oljuwuldarğa kerekdihe needs to rush | bizjuwuldarğa kerekbizwe need to rush | sizjuwuldarğa kereksizyou all need to rush | alajuwuldarğa kerekdilethey need to rush |
| need to | menjuwuldarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to rush | senjuwuldarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to rush | oljuwuldarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to rush | bizjuwuldarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to rush | sizjuwuldarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to rush | alajuwuldarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to rush |
| have to | menmenŋe juwuldarğa tüşediI have to rush | sensenŋe juwuldarğa tüşediyou have to rush | olaŋa juwuldarğa tüşedihe has to rush | bizbizge juwuldarğa tüşediwe have to rush | sizsizge juwuldarğa tüşediyou all have to rush | alaalağa juwuldarğa tüşedithey have to rush |
| have to | menmenŋe juwuldarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to rush | sensenŋe juwuldarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to rush | olaŋa juwuldarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to rush | bizbizge juwuldarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to rush | sizsizge juwuldarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to rush | alaalağa juwuldarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to rush |
| be obliged to | menjuwuldarğa borçlumaI am obliged to rush | senjuwuldarğa borçlusayou are obliged to rush | oljuwuldarğa borçluduhe is obliged to rush | bizjuwuldarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to rush | sizjuwuldarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to rush | alajuwuldarğa borçludulathey are obliged to rush |
| be obliged to | menjuwuldarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to rush | senjuwuldarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to rush | oljuwuldarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to rush | bizjuwuldarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to rush | sizjuwuldarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to rush | alajuwuldarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to rush |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjuwuldarğa madarım bardıI have a way to rush | senjuwuldarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to rush | oljuwuldarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to rush | bizjuwuldarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to rush | sizjuwuldarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to rush | alajuwuldarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to rush |
| have a way to | menjuwuldarğa madarım joqduI have no way to rush | senjuwuldarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to rush | oljuwuldarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to rush | bizjuwuldarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to rush | sizjuwuldarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to rush | alajuwuldarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to rush |
| be free to | menjuwuldarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to rush | senjuwuldarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to rush | oljuwuldarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to rush | bizjuwuldarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to rush | sizjuwuldarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to rush | alajuwuldarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to rush |
| be free to | menjuwuldarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to rush | senjuwuldarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to rush | oljuwuldarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to rush | bizjuwuldarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to rush | sizjuwuldarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to rush | alajuwuldarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to rush |
| be possible to | menmenŋe juwuldarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to rush | sensenŋe juwuldarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to rush | olaŋa juwuldarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to rush | bizbizge juwuldarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to rush | sizsizge juwuldarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to rush | alaalağa juwuldarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to rush |
| be possible to | menmenŋe juwuldarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to rush | sensenŋe juwuldarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to rush | olaŋa juwuldarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to rush | bizbizge juwuldarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to rush | sizsizge juwuldarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to rush | alaalağa juwuldarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to rush |
| be ready to | menjuwuldarğa hazırmaI am ready to rush | senjuwuldarğa hazırsayou are ready to rush | oljuwuldarğa hazırdıhe is ready to rush | bizjuwuldarğa hazırbızwe are ready to rush | sizjuwuldarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to rush | alajuwuldarğa hazırdılathey are ready to rush |
| be ready to | menjuwuldarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to rush | senjuwuldarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to rush | oljuwuldarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to rush | bizjuwuldarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to rush | sizjuwuldarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to rush | alajuwuldarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to rush |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjuwuldarğa küreşemeI am trying to rush | senjuwuldarğa küreşeseyou are trying to rush | oljuwuldarğa küreşedihe is trying to rush | bizjuwuldarğa küreşebizwe are trying to rush | sizjuwuldarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to rush | alajuwuldarğa küreşedilethey are trying to rush |
| try to | menjuwuldarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to rush | senjuwuldarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to rush | oljuwuldarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to rush | bizjuwuldarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to rush | sizjuwuldarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to rush | alajuwuldarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to rush |
| agree to | menjuwuldarğa unaymaI agree to rush | senjuwuldarğa unaysayou agree to rush | oljuwuldarğa unaydıhe agrees to rush | bizjuwuldarğa unaybızwe agree to rush | sizjuwuldarğa unaysızyou all agree to rush | alajuwuldarğa unaydılathey agree to rush |
| agree to | menjuwuldarğa unamaymaI refuse to rush | senjuwuldarğa unamaysayou refuse to rush | oljuwuldarğa unamaydıhe refuses to rush | bizjuwuldarğa unamaybızwe refuse to rush | sizjuwuldarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to rush | alajuwuldarğa unamaydılathey refuse to rush |
| hurry to | menjuwuldarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to rush | senjuwuldarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to rush | oljuwuldarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to rush | bizjuwuldarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to rush | sizjuwuldarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to rush | alajuwuldarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to rush |
| hurry to | menjuwuldarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to rush | senjuwuldarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to rush | oljuwuldarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to rush | bizjuwuldarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to rush | sizjuwuldarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to rush | alajuwuldarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to rush |
| be afraid to | menjuwuldarğa qorqamaI am afraid to rush | senjuwuldarğa qorqasayou are afraid to rush | oljuwuldarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to rush | bizjuwuldarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to rush | sizjuwuldarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to rush | alajuwuldarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to rush |
| be afraid to | menjuwuldarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to rush | senjuwuldarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to rush | oljuwuldarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to rush | bizjuwuldarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to rush | sizjuwuldarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to rush | alajuwuldarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to rush |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjuwulday bolmazmaI can't be rushing | senjuwulday bolmazsayou can't be rushing | oljuwulday bolmazhe can't be rushing | bizjuwulday bolmazbızwe can't be rushing | sizjuwulday bolmazsızyou all can't be rushing | alajuwulday bolmazlathey can't be rushing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjuwuldamay bolmazmaI must be rushing (emphatic) | senjuwuldamay bolmazsayou must be rushing (emphatic) | oljuwuldamay bolmazhe must be rushing (emphatic) | bizjuwuldamay bolmazbızwe must be rushing (emphatic) | sizjuwuldamay bolmazsızyou all must be rushing (emphatic) | alajuwuldamay bolmazlathey must be rushing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjuwulday turmasamif I don't keep rushing | senjuwulday turmasaŋif you don't keep rushing | oljuwulday turmasaif he doesn't keep rushing | bizjuwulday turmasaqif we don't keep rushing | sizjuwulday turmasağızif you all don't keep rushing | alajuwulday turmasalaif they don't keep rushing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjuwulday tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of rushing | senjuwulday tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of rushing | oljuwulday tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of rushing | bizjuwulday tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of rushing | sizjuwulday tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of rushing | alajuwulday tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of rushing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjuwuldamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not rushing (emphatic) | senjuwuldamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not rushing (emphatic) | oljuwuldamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not rushing (emphatic) | bizjuwuldamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not rushing (emphatic) | sizjuwuldamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not rushing (emphatic) | alajuwuldamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not rushing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjuwuldamay turamaI keep on not rushing | senjuwuldamay turasayou keep on not rushing | oljuwuldamay turadıhe keeps on not rushing | bizjuwuldamay turabızwe keep on not rushing | sizjuwuldamay turasızyou all keep on not rushing | alajuwuldamay turadılathey keep on not rushing |
| Progressive — double negation | menjuwuldamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not rushing | senjuwuldamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not rushing | oljuwuldamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not rushing | bizjuwuldamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not rushing | sizjuwuldamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not rushing | alajuwuldamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not rushing |
| Progressive — double negation | menjuwuldamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not rushing? | senjuwuldamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not rushing? | oljuwuldamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not rushing? | bizjuwuldamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not rushing? | sizjuwuldamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not rushing? | alajuwuldamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not rushing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjuwuldağan bolmazmaI can't have rushed | senjuwuldağan bolmazsayou can't have rushed | oljuwuldağan bolmazhe can't have rushed | bizjuwuldağan bolmazbızwe can't have rushed | sizjuwuldağan bolmazsızyou all can't have rushed | alajuwuldağan bolmazlathey can't have rushed |
| Inference — double negation | menjuwuldamağan bolmazmaI must have rushed (emphatic) | senjuwuldamağan bolmazsayou must have rushed (emphatic) | oljuwuldamağan bolmazhe must have rushed (emphatic) | bizjuwuldamağan bolmazbızwe must have rushed (emphatic) | sizjuwuldamağan bolmazsızyou all must have rushed (emphatic) | alajuwuldamağan bolmazlathey must have rushed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjuwuldağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had rushed | senjuwuldağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had rushed | oljuwuldağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had rushed | bizjuwuldağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had rushed | sizjuwuldağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had rushed | alajuwuldağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had rushed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjuwuldamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't rushed | senjuwuldamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't rushed | oljuwuldamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't rushed | bizjuwuldamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't rushed | sizjuwuldamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't rushed | alajuwuldamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't rushed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjuwuldarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to rush | senjuwuldarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to rush | oljuwuldarıq bolmazhe can't be going to rush | bizjuwuldarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to rush | sizjuwuldarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to rush | alajuwuldarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to rush |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjuwuldamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to rush (emphatic) | senjuwuldamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to rush (emphatic) | oljuwuldamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to rush (emphatic) | bizjuwuldamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to rush (emphatic) | sizjuwuldamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to rush (emphatic) | alajuwuldamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to rush (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjuwuldarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to rush | senjuwuldarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to rush | oljuwuldarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to rush | bizjuwuldarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to rush | sizjuwuldarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to rush | alajuwuldarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to rush |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjuwuldamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to rush | senjuwuldamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to rush | oljuwuldamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to rush | bizjuwuldamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to rush | sizjuwuldamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to rush | alajuwuldamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to rush |