jumuşaq

/dʒumuʃaq/

1. (adj.) soft, tender, not hard to the touch — Also of fluffy snow, fine silky hair or wool, and plump, tender parts of the body (hands, cheeks); jumuşaq alma is a ripe apple.

jumuşaq şindik — a soft armchair
jumuşaq töşek — a soft mattress
jumuşaq qolla — soft hands
jumuşaq qar jawğandı — soft snow has fallen
jumuşaq jün kiyim — soft woolen clothing
jumuşaq orunda tatlı juqu bolur — in a soft bed there is sweet sleep
jumuşaq alma — a ripe apple

2. (adj.) soft, yielding, pliable, easy to cut or work (of wood, metal, clay, soil)

jumuşaq ağaç — soft wood
bu ağaç jumuşaqdı — this wood is soft
jumuşaq ağaçnı qurt aşar — worms eat soft wood

3. (adj.) mild, gentle, kind-hearted, lenient (fig.) — Of character: meek, accommodating, not strict. jumuşaq jürekli means soft-hearted.

jumuşaq adam — a gentle person
jumuşaq jürekli — soft-hearted
jumuşaq köllü — compassionate
jumuşaq jürekli qart ata — a gentle-hearted grandfather

4. (adj.) tender, affectionate (of a look, words) (fig.)

jumuşaq qaraw — a tender look
jumuşaq sözleni aytırğa süeme — I want to say tender words
jumuşaq söz jürekni jılıtır — a tender word warms the heart
jumuşaq söz qılıçnı keser — a tender word cuts a sword

5. (adj.) soft, pleasant to hear, not harsh (of a voice, words, a melody) (fig.)

jumuşaq awaz — a soft voice
jırnı maqamı jumuşaq — the song's melody is soft
jumuşaq awazçığı bla — with her soft little voice

6. (adj.) weak-willed, spineless, lacking character (fig.)

jumuşaq hali — a weak-willed character
sen jumuşaq adamsa — you are a weak-willed person

7. (adj.) fresh, not stale (of bread)

jumuşaq ötmek — fresh bread
jumuşaq ötmek qonaqğa berdile — they gave fresh bread to the guest

8. (adj.) palatal, soft (of sounds, letters) (gram.) — jumuşaq belgi is the soft sign.

jumuşaq belgi — the soft sign
jumuşaq tawuşla — palatal sounds

9. (adv.) softly, so as to be soft; until tender (of cooking)

etni jumuşaq bişir — cook the meat until tender
jumuşaq bişgen et — meat cooked until tender

10. (adv.) finely, breaking up the clods (of plowing, digging)

jerni jumuşaq sür — plow the land finely
jumuşaq sürürge — to plow finely
traktor bla jumuşaq sürülgendi — it has been plowed finely with a tractor

11. (adv.) lightly, gently, without force (of pressing, squeezing, striking) (fig.)

jumuşaq bas — press lightly
jumuşaq qıs — squeeze gently
jumuşaq ur — strike lightly

12. (adv.) quietly, softly (of walking, movement) (fig.) one source

jolnu üsüne jumuşaq qondu — it landed softly on the road

13. (adv.) tenderly, affectionately (fig.)

anam menŋe jumuşaq qaradı — my mother looked at me tenderly
közleri erine jumuşaq qaradıla — her eyes looked tenderly at her husband
Azamatnı başından biyağıça jumuşaq sıladı — stroked Azamat's head tenderly as before

14. (adv.) mildly, without harshness or rudeness (of speaking) one source

jumuşaq söleşirge — to speak politely
alay jumuşaq söleşgenine seyir etdik — we were surprised that he spoke so mildly

15. (adv.) pleasantly, sweetly (as of a smile) (fig.) one source

qız jumuşaq ışardı — the girl smiled sweetly
bir jumuşaq ışardı — smiled rather sweetly

Expressions

jumuşaq söleşirge — speak kindly (Collocation)
jumuşaq jürekli — soft-hearted, kind (Idiom)
jumuşaq köz bla qararğa — treat leniently (Idiom)

Found in

Tastes & textures Describing character 100 common adjectives

Sources

Show 6 sources

Gochiyaeva et al. 1993 · Russian–Karachay Learner's Dictionary · meanings 1, 3, 7, 8
Guzeev (ed.) 1996–2005 · Explanatory Dictionary of the Karachay-Balkar Language · meanings 1–5, 7, 9–15
Guzeev 2013 · Dictionary of Homonyms of the Karachay-Balkar Language · meanings 1, 2, 5, 6, 9–11, 13
Nevruz 1991 · Karachay-Balkar–Turkish Dictionary · meanings 1, 3
Suyunchev and Urusbiev (eds.) 1965 · Russian–Karachay-Balkar Dictionary · meanings 1–9
Tenishev and Suyunchev (eds.) 1989 · Karachay-Balkar–Russian Dictionary · meanings 1, 3, 6, 8

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Degrees and persons

Degrees and persons — jumuşaq
Degree	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
base form	jumuşaqmaI am soft	jumuşaqsayou are soft	jumuşaqdıhe is soft	jumuşaqbızwe are soft	jumuşaqsızyou all are soft	jumuşaqdılathey are soft
comparative — more	jumuşağıraqmaI am softer	jumuşağıraqsayou are softer	jumuşağıraqdıhe is softer	jumuşağıraqbızwe are softer	jumuşağıraqsızyou all are softer	jumuşağıraqdılathey are softer
intensifier — very	bek jumuşaqmaI am very soft	bek jumuşaqsayou are very soft	bek jumuşaqdıhe is very soft	bek jumuşaqbızwe are very soft	bek jumuşaqsızyou all are very soft	bek jumuşaqdılathey are very soft
superlative — most	em jumuşaqmaI am the softest	em jumuşaqsayou are the softest	em jumuşaqdıhe is the softest	em jumuşaqbızwe are the softest	em jumuşaqsızyou all are the softest	em jumuşaqdılathey are the softest

To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden jumuşaqdı — "compared to me, he is soft."

Saying it about mine, yours, theirs

One thing

One thing — jumuşaq
Degree	menikimine	senikiyours	anıqıhis / hers	biznikiours	siznikiyours (pl.)	alanıqıtheirs
base form	meniki jumuşaqdımine is soft	seniki jumuşaqdıyours is soft	anıqı jumuşaqdıhis is soft	bizniki jumuşaqdıours is soft	sizniki jumuşaqdıyours (pl.) is soft	alanıqı jumuşaqdıtheirs is soft
comparative — more	meniki jumuşağıraqdımine is softer	seniki jumuşağıraqdıyours is softer	anıqı jumuşağıraqdıhis is softer	bizniki jumuşağıraqdıours is softer	sizniki jumuşağıraqdıyours (pl.) is softer	alanıqı jumuşağıraqdıtheirs is softer
intensifier — very	meniki bek jumuşaqdımine is very soft	seniki bek jumuşaqdıyours is very soft	anıqı bek jumuşaqdıhis is very soft	bizniki bek jumuşaqdıours is very soft	sizniki bek jumuşaqdıyours (pl.) is very soft	alanıqı bek jumuşaqdıtheirs is very soft
superlative — most	meniki em jumuşaqdımine is the softest	seniki em jumuşaqdıyours is the softest	anıqı em jumuşaqdıhis is the softest	bizniki em jumuşaqdıours is the softest	sizniki em jumuşaqdıyours (pl.) is the softest	alanıqı em jumuşaqdıtheirs is the softest

Several things

Several things — jumuşaq
Degree	menikilemine	senikileyours	anıqılahis / hers	biznikileours	siznikileyours (pl.)	alanıqılatheirs
base form	menikile jumuşaqdılamine are soft	senikile jumuşaqdılayours are soft	anıqıla jumuşaqdılahis are soft	biznikile jumuşaqdılaours are soft	siznikile jumuşaqdılayours (pl.) are soft	alanıqıla jumuşaqdılatheirs are soft
comparative — more	menikile jumuşağıraqdılamine are softer	senikile jumuşağıraqdılayours are softer	anıqıla jumuşağıraqdılahis are softer	biznikile jumuşağıraqdılaours are softer	siznikile jumuşağıraqdılayours (pl.) are softer	alanıqıla jumuşağıraqdılatheirs are softer
intensifier — very	menikile bek jumuşaqdılamine are very soft	senikile bek jumuşaqdılayours are very soft	anıqıla bek jumuşaqdılahis are very soft	biznikile bek jumuşaqdılaours are very soft	siznikile bek jumuşaqdılayours (pl.) are very soft	alanıqıla bek jumuşaqdılatheirs are very soft
superlative — most	menikile em jumuşaqdılamine are the softest	senikile em jumuşaqdılayours are the softest	anıqıla em jumuşaqdılahis are the softest	biznikile em jumuşaqdılaours are the softest	siznikile em jumuşaqdılayours (pl.) are the softest	alanıqıla em jumuşaqdılatheirs are the softest

Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu jumuşaqdı, bıla jumuşaqdıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".