jumuşurğa
/dʒumuʃurʁa/
1. squint, screw up one's eyes
- qızçıqla közlerin terk-terk jumuşadıla — the girls keep blinking their eyes
2. huddle up, press close one source
Conjugation
Common forms
- jumuşadıhe is squinting
- jumuşduhe squinted
- jumuşhandıhe has squinted
- jumuşurhe will squint
- jumuşuruqduhe is going to squint
- jumuşa edihe was squinting
- jumuşsaif he squints
- jumuş!squint!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjumuşamaI am squinting | senjumuşasayou are squinting | oljumuşadıhe is squinting | bizjumuşabızwe are squinting | sizjumuşasızyou all are squinting | alajumuşadılathey are squinting |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjumuşmaymaI am not squinting | senjumuşmaysayou are not squinting | oljumuşmaydıhe is not squinting | bizjumuşmaybızwe are not squinting | sizjumuşmaysızyou all are not squinting | alajumuşmaydılathey are not squinting |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjumuşamamı? jumuşamıma?am I squinting? | senjumuşamısa?are you squinting? | oljumuşamıdı?is he squinting? | bizjumuşabızmı? jumuşamıbız?are we squinting? | sizjumuşamısız?are you all squinting? | alajumuşamıdıla?are they squinting? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjumuşmaymamı? jumuşmaymıma?aren't I squinting? | senjumuşmaymısa?aren't you squinting? | oljumuşmaymıdı?isn't he squinting? | bizjumuşmaybızmı? jumuşmaymıbız?aren't we squinting? | sizjumuşmaymısız?aren't you all squinting? | alajumuşmaymıdıla?aren't they squinting? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjumuşuwçanmaI usually squint | senjumuşuwçansayou usually squint | oljumuşuwçandıhe usually squints | bizjumuşuwçanbızwe usually squint | sizjumuşuwçansızyou all usually squint | alajumuşuwçandılathey usually squint |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjumuşmawçanmaI usually don't squint | senjumuşmawçansayou usually don't squint | oljumuşmawçandıhe usually doesn't squint | bizjumuşmawçanbızwe usually don't squint | sizjumuşmawçansızyou all usually don't squint | alajumuşmawçandılathey usually don't squint |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjumuşuwçanmamı? jumuşuwçanmıma?do I usually squint? | senjumuşuwçanmısa?do you usually squint? | oljumuşuwçanmıdı?does he usually squint? | bizjumuşuwçanbızmı? jumuşuwçanmıbız?do we usually squint? | sizjumuşuwçanmısız?do you all usually squint? | alajumuşuwçanmıdıla?do they usually squint? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjumuşmawçanmamı? jumuşmawçanmıma?do I usually not squint? | senjumuşmawçanmısa?do you usually not squint? | oljumuşmawçanmıdı?does he usually not squint? | bizjumuşmawçanbızmı? jumuşmawçanmıbız?do we usually not squint? | sizjumuşmawçanmısız?do you all usually not squint? | alajumuşmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not squint? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljumuşubduhe has squinted and remains so | alajumuşubdulathey have squinted and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljumuşubmudu?has he squinted? | alajumuşubmudula?have they squinted? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjumuşub turamaI keep squinting | senjumuşub turasayou keep squinting | oljumuşub turadıhe keeps squinting | bizjumuşub turabızwe keep squinting | sizjumuşub turasızyou all keep squinting | alajumuşub turadılathey keep squinting |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjumuşub turmaymaI don't keep squinting | senjumuşub turmaysayou don't keep squinting | oljumuşub turmaydıhe doesn't keep squinting | bizjumuşub turmaybızwe don't keep squinting | sizjumuşub turmaysızyou all don't keep squinting | alajumuşub turmaydılathey don't keep squinting |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjumuşub turamamı? jumuşub turamıma?do I keep squinting? | senjumuşub turamısa?do you keep squinting? | oljumuşub turamıdı?does he keep squinting? | bizjumuşub turabızmı? jumuşub turamıbız?do we keep squinting? | sizjumuşub turamısız?do you all keep squinting? | alajumuşub turamıdıla?do they keep squinting? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjumuşub turmaymamı? jumuşub turmaymıma?don't I keep squinting? | senjumuşub turmaymısa?don't you keep squinting? | oljumuşub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep squinting? | bizjumuşub turmaybızmı? jumuşub turmaymıbız?don't we keep squinting? | sizjumuşub turmaymısız?don't you all keep squinting? | alajumuşub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep squinting? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjumuşa turamaI am in the middle of squinting | senjumuşa turasayou are in the middle of squinting | oljumuşa turadıhe is in the middle of squinting | bizjumuşa turabızwe are in the middle of squinting | sizjumuşa turasızyou all are in the middle of squinting | alajumuşa turadılathey are in the middle of squinting |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjumuşa turmaymaI am not in the middle of squinting | senjumuşa turmaysayou are not in the middle of squinting | oljumuşa turmaydıhe is not in the middle of squinting | bizjumuşa turmaybızwe are not in the middle of squinting | sizjumuşa turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of squinting | alajumuşa turmaydılathey are not in the middle of squinting |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjumuşa turamamı? jumuşa turamıma?am I in the middle of squinting? | senjumuşa turamısa?are you in the middle of squinting? | oljumuşa turamıdı?is he in the middle of squinting? | bizjumuşa turabızmı? jumuşa turamıbız?are we in the middle of squinting? | sizjumuşa turamısız?are you all in the middle of squinting? | alajumuşa turamıdıla?are they in the middle of squinting? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjumuşa turmaymamı? jumuşa turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of squinting? | senjumuşa turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of squinting? | oljumuşa turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of squinting? | bizjumuşa turmaybızmı? jumuşa turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of squinting? | sizjumuşa turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of squinting? | alajumuşa turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of squinting? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjumuşdumI squinted | senjumuşduŋyou squinted | oljumuşduhe squinted | bizjumuşduqwe squinted | sizjumuşduğuzyou all squinted | alajumuşdulathey squinted |
| Simple past (definite) | menjumuşmadımI didn't squint | senjumuşmadıŋyou didn't squint | oljumuşmadıhe didn't squint | bizjumuşmadıqwe didn't squint | sizjumuşmadığızyou all didn't squint | alajumuşmadılathey didn't squint |
| Simple past (definite) | menjumuşdummu?did I squint? | senjumuşduŋmu?did you squint? | oljumuşdumu?did he squint? | bizjumuşduqmu?did we squint? | sizjumuşduğuzmu?did you all squint? | alajumuşdulamı?did they squint? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjumuşmadımmı?didn't I squint? | senjumuşmadıŋmı?didn't you squint? | oljumuşmadımı?didn't he squint? | bizjumuşmadıqmı?didn't we squint? | sizjumuşmadığızmı?didn't you all squint? | alajumuşmadılamı?didn't they squint? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjumuşhanmaI have squinted | senjumuşhansayou have squinted | oljumuşhandıhe has squinted | bizjumuşhanbızwe have squinted | sizjumuşhansızyou all have squinted | alajumuşhandılathey have squinted |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjumuşmağanmaI haven't squinted | senjumuşmağansayou haven't squinted | oljumuşmağandıhe hasn't squinted | bizjumuşmağanbızwe haven't squinted | sizjumuşmağansızyou all haven't squinted | alajumuşmağandılathey haven't squinted |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjumuşhanmamı? jumuşhanmıma?have I squinted? | senjumuşhanmısa?have you squinted? | oljumuşhanmıdı?has he squinted? | bizjumuşhanbızmı? jumuşhanmıbız?have we squinted? | sizjumuşhanmısız?have you all squinted? | alajumuşhanmıdıla?have they squinted? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjumuşmağanmamı? jumuşmağanmıma?haven't I squinted? | senjumuşmağanmısa?haven't you squinted? | oljumuşmağanmıdı?hasn't he squinted? | bizjumuşmağanbızmı? jumuşmağanmıbız?haven't we squinted? | sizjumuşmağanmısız?haven't you all squinted? | alajumuşmağanmıdıla?haven't they squinted? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjumuşub turdumI kept squinting | senjumuşub turduŋyou kept squinting | oljumuşub turduhe kept squinting | bizjumuşub turduqwe kept squinting | sizjumuşub turduğuzyou all kept squinting | alajumuşub turdulathey kept squinting |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjumuşub turmadımI didn't keep squinting | senjumuşub turmadıŋyou didn't keep squinting | oljumuşub turmadıhe didn't keep squinting | bizjumuşub turmadıqwe didn't keep squinting | sizjumuşub turmadığızyou all didn't keep squinting | alajumuşub turmadılathey didn't keep squinting |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjumuşurmaI will squint | senjumuşursayou will squint | oljumuşurhe will squint | bizjumuşurbuzwe will squint | sizjumuşursuzyou all will squint | alajumuşurlathey will squint |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjumuşmazmaI won't squint | senjumuşmazsayou won't squint | oljumuşmazhe won't squint | bizjumuşmazbızwe won't squint | sizjumuşmazsızyou all won't squint | alajumuşmazlathey won't squint |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjumuşurmamı? jumuşurmuma?will I squint? | senjumuşurmusa?will you squint? | oljumuşurmu?will he squint? | bizjumuşurbuzmu? jumuşurmubuz?will we squint? | sizjumuşurmusuz?will you all squint? | alajumuşurlamı? jumuşurmula?will they squint? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjumuşmazmamı? jumuşmazmıma?won't I squint? | senjumuşmazmısa?won't you squint? | oljumuşmazmı?won't he squint? | bizjumuşmazbızmı? jumuşmazmıbız?won't we squint? | sizjumuşmazmısız?won't you all squint? | alajumuşmazlamı? jumuşmazmıla?won't they squint? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjumuşuruqmaI am going to squint | senjumuşuruqsayou are going to squint | oljumuşuruqduhe is going to squint | bizjumuşuruqbuzwe are going to squint | sizjumuşuruqsuzyou all are going to squint | alajumuşuruqdulathey are going to squint |
| Definite future (future II) | menjumuşuruq tülmeI am not going to squint | senjumuşuruq tülseyou are not going to squint | oljumuşuruq tüldühe is not going to squint | bizjumuşuruq tülbüzwe are not going to squint | sizjumuşuruq tülsüzyou all are not going to squint | alajumuşuruq tüldülethey are not going to squint |
| Definite future (future II) | menjumuşuruqmamı? jumuşuruqmuma?am I going to squint? | senjumuşuruqmusa?are you going to squint? | oljumuşuruqmudu?is he going to squint? | bizjumuşuruqbuzmu? jumuşuruqmubuz?are we going to squint? | sizjumuşuruqmusuz?are you all going to squint? | alajumuşuruqmudula?are they going to squint? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjumuşuruq tülmüme?aren't I going to squint? | senjumuşuruq tülmüse?aren't you going to squint? | oljumuşuruq tülmüdü?isn't he going to squint? | bizjumuşuruq tülmübüz?aren't we going to squint? | sizjumuşuruq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to squint? | alajumuşuruq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to squint? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjumuşhan edimjumuşhanemI had squinted | senjumuşhan ediŋjumuşhaneŋyou had squinted | oljumuşhan edijumuşhanedhe had squinted | bizjumuşhan edikjumuşhanekwe had squinted | sizjumuşhan edigizjumuşhanegizyou all had squinted | alajumuşhan edilejumuşhanellethey had squinted |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjumuşmağan edimjumuşmağanemI hadn't squinted | senjumuşmağan ediŋjumuşmağaneŋyou hadn't squinted | oljumuşmağan edijumuşmağanedhe hadn't squinted | bizjumuşmağan edikjumuşmağanekwe hadn't squinted | sizjumuşmağan edigizjumuşmağanegizyou all hadn't squinted | alajumuşmağan edilejumuşmağanellethey hadn't squinted |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjumuşa edimjumuşaemI was squinting | senjumuşa ediŋjumuşaeŋyou were squinting | oljumuşa edijumuşaedhe was squinting | bizjumuşa edikjumuşaekwe were squinting | sizjumuşa edigizjumuşaegizyou all were squinting | alajumuşa edilejumuşaellethey were squinting |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjumuşmay edimjumuşmayemI wasn't squinting | senjumuşmay ediŋjumuşmayeŋyou weren't squinting | oljumuşmay edijumuşmayedhe wasn't squinting | bizjumuşmay edikjumuşmayekwe weren't squinting | sizjumuşmay edigizjumuşmayegizyou all weren't squinting | alajumuşmay edilejumuşmayellethey weren't squinting |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjumuşuwçan edimjumuşuwçanemI used to squint | senjumuşuwçan ediŋjumuşuwçaneŋyou used to squint | oljumuşuwçan edijumuşuwçanedhe used to squint | bizjumuşuwçan edikjumuşuwçanekwe used to squint | sizjumuşuwçan edigizjumuşuwçanegizyou all used to squint | alajumuşuwçan edilejumuşuwçanellethey used to squint |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjumuşmawçan edimjumuşmawçanemI didn't use to squint | senjumuşmawçan ediŋjumuşmawçaneŋyou didn't use to squint | oljumuşmawçan edijumuşmawçanedhe didn't use to squint | bizjumuşmawçan edikjumuşmawçanekwe didn't use to squint | sizjumuşmawçan edigizjumuşmawçanegizyou all didn't use to squint | alajumuşmawçan edilejumuşmawçanellethey didn't use to squint |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljumuşub edihe had squinted and remained so | alajumuşub edilethey had squinted and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljumuşub tül edihe hadn't squinted | alajumuşub tül edilethey hadn't squinted | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjumuşub tura edimjumuşub turaemI had kept squinting | senjumuşub tura ediŋjumuşub turaeŋyou had kept squinting | oljumuşub tura edijumuşub turaedhe had kept squinting | bizjumuşub tura edikjumuşub turaekwe had kept squinting | sizjumuşub tura edigizjumuşub turaegizyou all had kept squinting | alajumuşub tura edilejumuşub turaellethey had kept squinting |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjumuşub turmay edimjumuşub turmayemI hadn't kept squinting | senjumuşub turmay ediŋjumuşub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept squinting | oljumuşub turmay edijumuşub turmayedhe hadn't kept squinting | bizjumuşub turmay edikjumuşub turmayekwe hadn't kept squinting | sizjumuşub turmay edigizjumuşub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept squinting | alajumuşub turmay edilejumuşub turmayellethey hadn't kept squinting |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjumuşa tura edimjumuşa turaemI was in the middle of squinting | senjumuşa tura ediŋjumuşa turaeŋyou were in the middle of squinting | oljumuşa tura edijumuşa turaedhe was in the middle of squinting | bizjumuşa tura edikjumuşa turaekwe were in the middle of squinting | sizjumuşa tura edigizjumuşa turaegizyou all were in the middle of squinting | alajumuşa tura edilejumuşa turaellethey were in the middle of squinting |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjumuşa turmay edimjumuşa turmayemI wasn't in the middle of squinting | senjumuşa turmay ediŋjumuşa turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of squinting | oljumuşa turmay edijumuşa turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of squinting | bizjumuşa turmay edikjumuşa turmayekwe weren't in the middle of squinting | sizjumuşa turmay edigizjumuşa turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of squinting | alajumuşa turmay edilejumuşa turmayellethey weren't in the middle of squinting |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjumuşur edimjumuşur emI would squint | senjumuşur ediŋjumuşur eŋyou would squint | oljumuşur edijumuşur edhe would squint | bizjumuşur edikjumuşur ekwe would squint | sizjumuşur edigizjumuşur egizyou all would squint | alajumuşur edilejumuşur ellethey would squint |
| Conditional result (would) | menjumuşmaz edimjumuşmaz emI wouldn't squint | senjumuşmaz ediŋjumuşmaz eŋyou wouldn't squint | oljumuşmaz edijumuşmaz edhe wouldn't squint | bizjumuşmaz edikjumuşmaz ekwe wouldn't squint | sizjumuşmaz edigizjumuşmaz egizyou all wouldn't squint | alajumuşmaz edilejumuşmaz ellethey wouldn't squint |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjumuşuruq edimjumuşuruq emI would have squinted | senjumuşuruq ediŋjumuşuruq eŋyou would have squinted | oljumuşuruq edijumuşuruq edhe would have squinted | bizjumuşuruq edikjumuşuruq ekwe would have squinted | sizjumuşuruq edigizjumuşuruq egizyou all would have squinted | alajumuşuruq edilejumuşuruq ellethey would have squinted |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjumuşuruq tül edimjumuşuruq tül emI wouldn't have squinted | senjumuşuruq tül ediŋjumuşuruq tül eŋyou wouldn't have squinted | oljumuşuruq tül edijumuşuruq tül edhe wouldn't have squinted | bizjumuşuruq tül edikjumuşuruq tül ekwe wouldn't have squinted | sizjumuşuruq tül edigizjumuşuruq tül egizyou all wouldn't have squinted | alajumuşuruq tül edilejumuşuruq tül ellethey wouldn't have squinted |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjumuşsamif I squint | senjumuşsaŋif you squint | oljumuşsaif he squints | bizjumuşsaqif we squint | sizjumuşsağızif you all squint | alajumuşsalaif they squint |
| Conditional | menjumuşmasamif I don't squint | senjumuşmasaŋif you don't squint | oljumuşmasaif he doesn't squint | bizjumuşmasaqif we don't squint | sizjumuşmasağızif you all don't squint | alajumuşmasalaif they don't squint |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjumuşa esemif I am squinting | senjumuşa eseŋif you are squinting | oljumuşa eseif he is squinting | bizjumuşa esekif we are squinting | sizjumuşa esegizif you all are squinting | alajumuşa eseleif they are squinting |
| Conditional, present real | menjumuşmay esemif I am not squinting | senjumuşmay eseŋif you are not squinting | oljumuşmay eseif he is not squinting | bizjumuşmay esekif we are not squinting | sizjumuşmay esegizif you all are not squinting | alajumuşmay eseleif they are not squinting |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjumuşsam edijumuşsam edif only I squinted | senjumuşsaŋ edijumuşsaŋ edif only you squinted | oljumuşsa edijumuşsaedif only he squinted | bizjumuşsaq edijumuşsaq edif only we squinted | sizjumuşsağız edijumuşsağız edif only you all squinted | alajumuşsala edijumuşsalaedif only they squinted |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjumuşmasam edijumuşmasam edif only I didn't squint | senjumuşmasaŋ edijumuşmasaŋ edif only you didn't squint | oljumuşmasa edijumuşmasaedif only he didn't squint | bizjumuşmasaq edijumuşmasaq edif only we didn't squint | sizjumuşmasağız edijumuşmasağız edif only you all didn't squint | alajumuşmasala edijumuşmasalaedif only they didn't squint |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjumuşub tursamif I carry on squinting | senjumuşub tursaŋif you carry on squinting | oljumuşub tursaif he carries on squinting | bizjumuşub tursaqif we carry on squinting | sizjumuşub tursağızif you all carry on squinting | alajumuşub tursalaif they carry on squinting |
| Durative conditional | menjumuşub turmasamif I don't carry on squinting | senjumuşub turmasaŋif you don't carry on squinting | oljumuşub turmasaif he doesn't carry on squinting | bizjumuşub turmasaqif we don't carry on squinting | sizjumuşub turmasağızif you all don't carry on squinting | alajumuşub turmasalaif they don't carry on squinting |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjumuşub tura esemif I have kept squinting | senjumuşub tura eseŋif you have kept squinting | oljumuşub tura eseif he has kept squinting | bizjumuşub tura esekif we have kept squinting | sizjumuşub tura esegizif you all have kept squinting | alajumuşub tura eseleif they have kept squinting |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjumuşub turmay esemif I haven't kept squinting | senjumuşub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept squinting | oljumuşub turmay eseif he hasn't kept squinting | bizjumuşub turmay esekif we haven't kept squinting | sizjumuşub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept squinting | alajumuşub turmay eseleif they haven't kept squinting |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjumuşa tursamif I keep squinting | senjumuşa tursaŋif you keep squinting | oljumuşa tursaif he keeps squinting | bizjumuşa tursaqif we keep squinting | sizjumuşa tursağızif you all keep squinting | alajumuşa tursalaif they keep squinting |
| Progressive conditional | menjumuşmay tursamif I keep on not squinting | senjumuşmay tursaŋif you keep on not squinting | oljumuşmay tursaif he keeps on not squinting | bizjumuşmay tursaqif we keep on not squinting | sizjumuşmay tursağızif you all keep on not squinting | alajumuşmay tursalaif they keep on not squinting |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjumuşa tura esemif I am in the middle of squinting | senjumuşa tura eseŋif you are in the middle of squinting | oljumuşa tura eseif he is in the middle of squinting | bizjumuşa tura esekif we are in the middle of squinting | sizjumuşa tura esegizif you all are in the middle of squinting | alajumuşa tura eseleif they are in the middle of squinting |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjumuşmay tura esemif I keep on not squinting | senjumuşmay tura eseŋif you keep on not squinting | oljumuşmay tura eseif he keeps on not squinting | bizjumuşmay tura esekif we keep on not squinting | sizjumuşmay tura esegizif you all keep on not squinting | alajumuşmay tura eseleif they keep on not squinting |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjumuşdum esemif I squinted | senjumuşduŋ eseŋif you squinted | oljumuşdu eseif he squinted | bizjumuşduq esekif we squinted | sizjumuşduğuz esegizif you all squinted | alajumuşdula eseleif they squinted |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjumuşmadım esemif I didn't squint | senjumuşmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't squint | oljumuşmadı eseif he didn't squint | bizjumuşmadıq esekif we didn't squint | sizjumuşmadığız esegizif you all didn't squint | alajumuşmadıla eseleif they didn't squint |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjumuşhan esemif I did squint (indeed) | senjumuşhan eseŋif you did squint (indeed) | oljumuşhan eseif he did squint (indeed) | bizjumuşhan esekif we did squint (indeed) | sizjumuşhan esegizif you all did squint (indeed) | alajumuşhan eseleif they did squint (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjumuşmağan esemif I didn't squint (indeed) | senjumuşmağan eseŋif you didn't squint (indeed) | oljumuşmağan eseif he didn't squint (indeed) | bizjumuşmağan esekif we didn't squint (indeed) | sizjumuşmağan esegizif you all didn't squint (indeed) | alajumuşmağan eseleif they didn't squint (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjumuşhan bolsamif I had squinted | senjumuşhan bolsaŋif you had squinted | oljumuşhan bolsaif he had squinted | bizjumuşhan bolsaqif we had squinted | sizjumuşhan bolsağızif you all had squinted | alajumuşhan bolsalaif they had squinted |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjumuşmağan bolsamif I hadn't squinted | senjumuşmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't squinted | oljumuşmağan bolsaif he hadn't squinted | bizjumuşmağan bolsaqif we hadn't squinted | sizjumuşmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't squinted | alajumuşmağan bolsalaif they hadn't squinted |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjumuşhan bolsam edijumuşhan bolsam edif only I had squinted | senjumuşhan bolsaŋ edijumuşhan bolsaŋ edif only you had squinted | oljumuşhan bolsa edijumuşhan bolsaedif only he had squinted | bizjumuşhan bolsaq edijumuşhan bolsaq edif only we had squinted | sizjumuşhan bolsağız edijumuşhan bolsağız edif only you all had squinted | alajumuşhan bolsala edijumuşhan bolsalaedif only they had squinted |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjumuşmağan bolsam edijumuşmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't squinted | senjumuşmağan bolsaŋ edijumuşmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't squinted | oljumuşmağan bolsa edijumuşmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't squinted | bizjumuşmağan bolsaq edijumuşmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't squinted | sizjumuşmağan bolsağız edijumuşmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't squinted | alajumuşmağan bolsala edijumuşmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't squinted |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjumuşur esemif I will squint | senjumuşur eseŋif you will squint | oljumuşur eseif he will squint | bizjumuşur esekif we will squint | sizjumuşur esegizif you all will squint | alajumuşur eseleif they will squint |
| Conditional, aorist | menjumuşmaz esemif I won't squint | senjumuşmaz eseŋif you won't squint | oljumuşmaz eseif he won't squint | bizjumuşmaz esekif we won't squint | sizjumuşmaz esegizif you all won't squint | alajumuşmaz eseleif they won't squint |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjumuşuruq esemif I am going to squint | senjumuşuruq eseŋif you are going to squint | oljumuşuruq eseif he is going to squint | bizjumuşuruq esekif we are going to squint | sizjumuşuruq esegizif you all are going to squint | alajumuşuruq eseleif they are going to squint |
| Conditional, future | menjumuşuruq tül esemif I am not going to squint | senjumuşuruq tül eseŋif you are not going to squint | oljumuşuruq tül eseif he is not going to squint | bizjumuşuruq tül esekif we are not going to squint | sizjumuşuruq tül esegizif you all are not going to squint | alajumuşuruq tül eseleif they are not going to squint |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjumuşuruq bolsamif I were going to squint | senjumuşuruq bolsaŋif you were going to squint | oljumuşuruq bolsaif he were going to squint | bizjumuşuruq bolsaqif we were going to squint | sizjumuşuruq bolsağızif you all were going to squint | alajumuşuruq bolsalaif they were going to squint |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjumuşmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to squint | senjumuşmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to squint | oljumuşmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to squint | bizjumuşmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to squint | sizjumuşmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to squint | alajumuşmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to squint |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jumuşduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjumuşa bolurmaI must be squinting | senjumuşa bolursayou must be squinting | oljumuşa bolurhe must be squinting | bizjumuşa bolurbuzwe must be squinting | sizjumuşa bolursuzyou all must be squinting | alajumuşa bolurlathey must be squinting |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjumuşmay bolurmaI must not be squinting | senjumuşmay bolursayou must not be squinting | oljumuşmay bolurhe must not be squinting | bizjumuşmay bolurbuzwe must not be squinting | sizjumuşmay bolursuzyou all must not be squinting | alajumuşmay bolurlathey must not be squinting |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjumuşa tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of squinting | senjumuşa tura bolursayou must be in the middle of squinting | oljumuşa tura bolurhe must be in the middle of squinting | bizjumuşa tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of squinting | sizjumuşa tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of squinting | alajumuşa tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of squinting |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjumuşmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not squinting | senjumuşmay tura bolursayou must keep on not squinting | oljumuşmay tura bolurhe must keep on not squinting | bizjumuşmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not squinting | sizjumuşmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not squinting | alajumuşmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not squinting |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjumuşhan bolurmaI must have squinted | senjumuşhan bolursayou must have squinted | oljumuşhan bolurhe must have squinted | bizjumuşhan bolurbuzwe must have squinted | sizjumuşhan bolursuzyou all must have squinted | alajumuşhan bolurlathey must have squinted |
| Inference (must have) | menjumuşmağan bolurmaI must not have squinted | senjumuşmağan bolursayou must not have squinted | oljumuşmağan bolurhe must not have squinted | bizjumuşmağan bolurbuzwe must not have squinted | sizjumuşmağan bolursuzyou all must not have squinted | alajumuşmağan bolurlathey must not have squinted |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjumuşuruq bolurmaI must be going to squint | senjumuşuruq bolursayou must be going to squint | oljumuşuruq bolurhe must be going to squint | bizjumuşuruq bolurbuzwe must be going to squint | sizjumuşuruq bolursuzyou all must be going to squint | alajumuşuruq bolurlathey must be going to squint |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjumuşmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to squint | senjumuşmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to squint | oljumuşmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to squint | bizjumuşmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to squint | sizjumuşmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to squint | alajumuşmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to squint |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjumuşayımlet me squint | senjumuş!squint! | oljumuşsunlet him squint | bizjumuşayıqlet's squint | sizjumuşuğuz!squint, you all! | alajumuşsunlalet them squint |
| Commands & suggestions | menjumuşmayımlet me not squint | senjumuşma!don't squint! | oljumuşmasınlet him not squint | bizjumuşmayıqlet's not squint | sizjumuşmağız!don't squint, you all! | alajumuşmasınlalet them not squint |
| Commands & suggestions | menjumuşayımmı?shall I squint? | oljumuşsunmu?should he squint? | bizjumuşayıqmı?shall we squint? | alajumuşsunlamı?should they squint? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjumuşmayımmı?shall I not squint? | oljumuşmasınmı?should he not squint? | bizjumuşmayıqmı?shall we not squint? | alajumuşmasınlamı?should they not squint? | ||
| Requests | senjumuşçu2jumuşçunplease squint | oljumuşsunçudo let him squint | sizjumuşçuğuzplease squint (plural/polite) | alajumuşsunlaçıdo let them squint | ||
| Requests | senjumuşmaçı2jumuşmaçınplease don't squint | oljumuşmasınçıdo let him not squint | sizjumuşmaçığızplease don't squint (plural/polite) | alajumuşmasınlaçıdo let them not squint | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjumuşhunjumuşhumay you squint | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjumuşmağınjumuşmağımay you not squint | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjumuşhay edim jumuşha edimwould that I squinted | senjumuşhay ediŋ jumuşha ediŋwould that you squinted | oljumuşhay edi jumuşha ediwould that he squinted | bizjumuşhay edik jumuşha edikwould that we squinted | sizjumuşhay edigiz jumuşha edigizwould that you all squinted | alajumuşhay edile jumuşha edilewould that they squinted |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjumuşmağay edim jumuşmağa edimwould that I did not squint | senjumuşmağay ediŋ jumuşmağa ediŋwould that you did not squint | oljumuşmağay edi jumuşmağa ediwould that he did not squint | bizjumuşmağay edik jumuşmağa edikwould that we did not squint | sizjumuşmağay edigiz jumuşmağa edigizwould that you all did not squint | alajumuşmağay edile jumuşmağa edilewould that they did not squint |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjumuşmağa qoyayımjumuşma qoyayımlet me allow someone to squint | senjumuşmağa qoy!jumuşma qoy!let someone squint! | oljumuşmağa qoysunjumuşma qoysunlet him allow someone to squint | bizjumuşmağa qoyayıqjumuşma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to squint | sizjumuşmağa qoyuğuz!jumuşma qoyuğuz!let someone squint, you all! | alajumuşmağa qoysunlajumuşma qoysunlalet them allow someone to squint |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjumuşmağa qoymayımjumuşma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to squint | senjumuşmağa qoyma!jumuşma qoyma!don't let someone squint! | oljumuşmağa qoymasınjumuşma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to squint | bizjumuşmağa qoymayıqjumuşma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to squint | sizjumuşmağa qoymağız!jumuşma qoymağız!don't let someone squint, you all! | alajumuşmağa qoymasınlajumuşma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to squint |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjumuşmağa qoyayımmı?jumuşma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to squint? | oljumuşmağa qoysunmu?jumuşma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to squint? | bizjumuşmağa qoyayıqmı?jumuşma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to squint? | alajumuşmağa qoysunlamı?jumuşma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to squint? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjumuşmağa qoymayımmı?jumuşma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to squint? | oljumuşmağa qoymasınmı?jumuşma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to squint? | bizjumuşmağa qoymayıqmı?jumuşma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to squint? | alajumuşmağa qoymasınlamı?jumuşma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to squint? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjumuşmağa qoyamajumuşma qoyamaI allow someone to squint | senjumuşmağa qoyasajumuşma qoyasayou allow someone to squint | oljumuşmağa qoyadıjumuşma qoyadıhe allows someone to squint | bizjumuşmağa qoyabızjumuşma qoyabızwe allow someone to squint | sizjumuşmağa qoyasızjumuşma qoyasızyou all allow someone to squint | alajumuşmağa qoyadılajumuşma qoyadılathey allow someone to squint |
| Let someone… (present) | menjumuşmağa qoymaymajumuşma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to squint | senjumuşmağa qoymaysajumuşma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to squint | oljumuşmağa qoymaydıjumuşma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to squint | bizjumuşmağa qoymaybızjumuşma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to squint | sizjumuşmağa qoymaysızjumuşma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to squint | alajumuşmağa qoymaydılajumuşma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to squint |
| Let someone… (present) | menjumuşmağa qoyamamı?jumuşma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to squint? | senjumuşmağa qoyamısa?jumuşma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to squint? | oljumuşmağa qoyamıdı?jumuşma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to squint? | bizjumuşmağa qoyabızmı?jumuşma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to squint? | sizjumuşmağa qoyamısız?jumuşma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to squint? | alajumuşmağa qoyamıdıla?jumuşma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to squint? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjumuşmağa qoymaymamı?jumuşma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to squint? | senjumuşmağa qoymaymısa?jumuşma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to squint? | oljumuşmağa qoymaymıdı?jumuşma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to squint? | bizjumuşmağa qoymaybızmı?jumuşma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to squint? | sizjumuşmağa qoymaymısız?jumuşma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to squint? | alajumuşmağa qoymaymıdıla?jumuşma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to squint? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjumuşmağa qoydumjumuşma qoydumI allowed someone to squint | senjumuşmağa qoyduŋjumuşma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to squint | oljumuşmağa qoydujumuşma qoyduhe allowed someone to squint | bizjumuşmağa qoyduqjumuşma qoyduqwe allowed someone to squint | sizjumuşmağa qoyduğuzjumuşma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to squint | alajumuşmağa qoydulajumuşma qoydulathey allowed someone to squint |
| Let someone… (past) | menjumuşmağa qoymadımjumuşma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to squint | senjumuşmağa qoymadıŋjumuşma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to squint | oljumuşmağa qoymadıjumuşma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to squint | bizjumuşmağa qoymadıqjumuşma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to squint | sizjumuşmağa qoymadığızjumuşma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to squint | alajumuşmağa qoymadılajumuşma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to squint |
| Let someone… (past) | menjumuşmağa qoydummu?jumuşma qoydummu?did I allow someone to squint? | senjumuşmağa qoyduŋmu?jumuşma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to squint? | oljumuşmağa qoydumu?jumuşma qoydumu?did he allow someone to squint? | bizjumuşmağa qoyduqmu?jumuşma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to squint? | sizjumuşmağa qoyduğuzmu?jumuşma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to squint? | alajumuşmağa qoydulamı?jumuşma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to squint? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjumuşmağa qoymadımmı?jumuşma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to squint? | senjumuşmağa qoymadıŋmı?jumuşma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to squint? | oljumuşmağa qoymadımı?jumuşma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to squint? | bizjumuşmağa qoymadıqmı?jumuşma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to squint? | sizjumuşmağa qoymadığızmı?jumuşma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to squint? | alajumuşmağa qoymadılamı?jumuşma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to squint? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
jumuşalırğa be able to squint · jumuşalmazğa be unable to squint
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjumuşalamaI can squint | senjumuşalasayou can squint | oljumuşaladıhe can squint | bizjumuşalabızwe can squint | sizjumuşalasızyou all can squint | alajumuşaladılathey can squint |
| Ability — present | menjumuşalmaymaI can't squint | senjumuşalmaysayou can't squint | oljumuşalmaydıhe can't squint | bizjumuşalmaybızwe can't squint | sizjumuşalmaysızyou all can't squint | alajumuşalmaydılathey can't squint |
| Ability — present | menjumuşalamamı? jumuşalamıma?can I squint? | senjumuşalamısa?can you squint? | oljumuşalamıdı?can he squint? | bizjumuşalabızmı? jumuşalamıbız?can we squint? | sizjumuşalamısız?can you all squint? | alajumuşalamıdıla?can they squint? |
| Ability — present | menjumuşalmaymamı? jumuşalmaymıma?can't I squint? | senjumuşalmaymısa?can't you squint? | oljumuşalmaymıdı?can't he squint? | bizjumuşalmaybızmı? jumuşalmaymıbız?can't we squint? | sizjumuşalmaymısız?can't you all squint? | alajumuşalmaymıdıla?can't they squint? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjumuşalsamif I can squint | senjumuşalsaŋif you can squint | oljumuşalsaif he can squint | bizjumuşalsaqif we can squint | sizjumuşalsağızif you all can squint | alajumuşalsalaif they can squint |
| Ability — if I can… | menjumuşalmasamif I can't squint | senjumuşalmasaŋif you can't squint | oljumuşalmasaif he can't squint | bizjumuşalmasaqif we can't squint | sizjumuşalmasağızif you all can't squint | alajumuşalmasalaif they can't squint |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjumuşaldımI was able to squint | senjumuşaldıŋyou were able to squint | oljumuşaldıhe was able to squint | bizjumuşaldıqwe were able to squint | sizjumuşaldığızyou all were able to squint | alajumuşaldılathey were able to squint |
| Ability — simple past | menjumuşalmadımI could not squint | senjumuşalmadıŋyou could not squint | oljumuşalmadıhe could not squint | bizjumuşalmadıqwe could not squint | sizjumuşalmadığızyou all could not squint | alajumuşalmadılathey could not squint |
| Ability — simple past | menjumuşaldımmı?was I able to squint? | senjumuşaldıŋmı?were you able to squint? | oljumuşaldımı?was he able to squint? | bizjumuşaldıqmı?were we able to squint? | sizjumuşaldığızmı?were you all able to squint? | alajumuşaldılamı?were they able to squint? |
| Ability — simple past | menjumuşalmadımmı?couldn't I squint? | senjumuşalmadıŋmı?couldn't you squint? | oljumuşalmadımı?couldn't he squint? | bizjumuşalmadıqmı?couldn't we squint? | sizjumuşalmadığızmı?couldn't you all squint? | alajumuşalmadılamı?couldn't they squint? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjumuşalğanmaI have been able to squint | senjumuşalğansayou have been able to squint | oljumuşalğandıhe has been able to squint | bizjumuşalğanbızwe have been able to squint | sizjumuşalğansızyou all have been able to squint | alajumuşalğandılathey have been able to squint |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjumuşalmağanmaI haven't been able to squint | senjumuşalmağansayou haven't been able to squint | oljumuşalmağandıhe hasn't been able to squint | bizjumuşalmağanbızwe haven't been able to squint | sizjumuşalmağansızyou all haven't been able to squint | alajumuşalmağandılathey haven't been able to squint |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjumuşalğanmamı? jumuşalğanmıma?have I been able to squint? | senjumuşalğanmısa?have you been able to squint? | oljumuşalğanmıdı?has he been able to squint? | bizjumuşalğanbızmı? jumuşalğanmıbız?have we been able to squint? | sizjumuşalğanmısız?have you all been able to squint? | alajumuşalğanmıdıla?have they been able to squint? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjumuşalmağanmamı? jumuşalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to squint? | senjumuşalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to squint? | oljumuşalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to squint? | bizjumuşalmağanbızmı? jumuşalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to squint? | sizjumuşalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to squint? | alajumuşalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to squint? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjumuşalğan edimjumuşalğanemI had been able to squint | senjumuşalğan ediŋjumuşalğaneŋyou had been able to squint | oljumuşalğan edijumuşalğanedhe had been able to squint | bizjumuşalğan edikjumuşalğanekwe had been able to squint | sizjumuşalğan edigizjumuşalğanegizyou all had been able to squint | alajumuşalğan edilejumuşalğanellethey had been able to squint |
| Ability — past perfect | menjumuşalmağan edimjumuşalmağanemI hadn't been able to squint | senjumuşalmağan ediŋjumuşalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to squint | oljumuşalmağan edijumuşalmağanedhe hadn't been able to squint | bizjumuşalmağan edikjumuşalmağanekwe hadn't been able to squint | sizjumuşalmağan edigizjumuşalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to squint | alajumuşalmağan edilejumuşalmağanellethey hadn't been able to squint |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjumuşala edimjumuşalaemI could squint | senjumuşala ediŋjumuşalaeŋyou could squint | oljumuşala edijumuşalaedhe could squint | bizjumuşala edikjumuşalaekwe could squint | sizjumuşala edigizjumuşalaegizyou all could squint | alajumuşala edilejumuşalaellethey could squint |
| Ability — past background | menjumuşalmay edimjumuşalmayemI could not squint | senjumuşalmay ediŋjumuşalmayeŋyou could not squint | oljumuşalmay edijumuşalmayedhe could not squint | bizjumuşalmay edikjumuşalmayekwe could not squint | sizjumuşalmay edigizjumuşalmayegizyou all could not squint | alajumuşalmay edilejumuşalmayellethey could not squint |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjumuşalırmaI will be able to squint | senjumuşalırsayou will be able to squint | oljumuşalırhe will be able to squint | bizjumuşalırbızwe will be able to squint | sizjumuşalırsızyou all will be able to squint | alajumuşalırlathey will be able to squint |
| Ability — future I | menjumuşalmazmaI won't be able to squint | senjumuşalmazsayou won't be able to squint | oljumuşalmazhe won't be able to squint | bizjumuşalmazbızwe won't be able to squint | sizjumuşalmazsızyou all won't be able to squint | alajumuşalmazlathey won't be able to squint |
| Ability — future I | menjumuşalırmamı? jumuşalırmıma?will I be able to squint? | senjumuşalırmısa?will you be able to squint? | oljumuşalırmı?will he be able to squint? | bizjumuşalırbızmı? jumuşalırmıbız?will we be able to squint? | sizjumuşalırmısız?will you all be able to squint? | alajumuşalırlamı? jumuşalırmıla?will they be able to squint? |
| Ability — future I | menjumuşalmazmamı? jumuşalmazmıma?won't I be able to squint? | senjumuşalmazmısa?won't you be able to squint? | oljumuşalmazmı?won't he be able to squint? | bizjumuşalmazbızmı? jumuşalmazmıbız?won't we be able to squint? | sizjumuşalmazmısız?won't you all be able to squint? | alajumuşalmazlamı? jumuşalmazmıla?won't they be able to squint? |
| Ability — future II | menjumuşallıqmaI am going to be able to squint | senjumuşallıqsayou are going to be able to squint | oljumuşallıqdıhe is going to be able to squint | bizjumuşallıqbızwe are going to be able to squint | sizjumuşallıqsızyou all are going to be able to squint | alajumuşallıqdılathey are going to be able to squint |
| Ability — future II | menjumuşallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to squint | senjumuşallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to squint | oljumuşallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to squint | bizjumuşallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to squint | sizjumuşallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to squint | alajumuşallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to squint |
| Ability — future II | menjumuşallıqmamı? jumuşallıqmıma?am I going to be able to squint? | senjumuşallıqmısa?are you going to be able to squint? | oljumuşallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to squint? | bizjumuşallıqbızmı? jumuşallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to squint? | sizjumuşallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to squint? | alajumuşallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to squint? |
| Ability — future II | menjumuşallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to squint? | senjumuşallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to squint? | oljumuşallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to squint? | bizjumuşallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to squint? | sizjumuşallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to squint? | alajumuşallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to squint? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjumuşalır edimjumuşalır emI would be able to squint | senjumuşalır ediŋjumuşalır eŋyou would be able to squint | oljumuşalır edijumuşalır edhe would be able to squint | bizjumuşalır edikjumuşalır ekwe would be able to squint | sizjumuşalır edigizjumuşalır egizyou all would be able to squint | alajumuşalır edilejumuşalır ellethey would be able to squint |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjumuşalmaz edimjumuşalmaz emI wouldn't be able to squint | senjumuşalmaz ediŋjumuşalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to squint | oljumuşalmaz edijumuşalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to squint | bizjumuşalmaz edikjumuşalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to squint | sizjumuşalmaz edigizjumuşalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to squint | alajumuşalmaz edilejumuşalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to squint |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjumuşalğınjumuşalğımay you be able to squint | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjumuşalmağınjumuşalmağımay you not be able to squint | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjumuşurğa izleymeI want to squint | senjumuşurğa izleyseyou want to squint | oljumuşurğa izleydihe wants to squint | bizjumuşurğa izleybizwe want to squint | sizjumuşurğa izleysizyou all want to squint | alajumuşurğa izleydilethey want to squint |
| want to | menjumuşurğa izlemeymeI do not want to squint | senjumuşurğa izlemeyseyou do not want to squint | oljumuşurğa izlemeydihe does not want to squint | bizjumuşurğa izlemeybizwe do not want to squint | sizjumuşurğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to squint | alajumuşurğa izlemeydilethey do not want to squint |
| would like to | menjumuşurğa süemeI would like to squint | senjumuşurğa süeseyou would like to squint | oljumuşurğa süedihe would like to squint | bizjumuşurğa süebizwe would like to squint | sizjumuşurğa süesizyou all would like to squint | alajumuşurğa süedilethey would like to squint |
| would like to | menjumuşurğa süymeymeI would not like to squint | senjumuşurğa süymeyseyou would not like to squint | oljumuşurğa süymeydihe would not like to squint | bizjumuşurğa süymeybizwe would not like to squint | sizjumuşurğa süymeysizyou all would not like to squint | alajumuşurğa süymeydilethey would not like to squint |
| hope to | menjumuşurğa umutlanamaI hope to squint | senjumuşurğa umutlanasayou hope to squint | oljumuşurğa umutlanadıhe hopes to squint | bizjumuşurğa umutlanabızwe hope to squint | sizjumuşurğa umutlanasızyou all hope to squint | alajumuşurğa umutlanadılathey hope to squint |
| hope to | menjumuşurğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to squint | senjumuşurğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to squint | oljumuşurğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to squint | bizjumuşurğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to squint | sizjumuşurğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to squint | alajumuşurğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to squint |
| be about to | menjumuşurğa deb turamaI am about to squint | senjumuşurğa deb turasayou are about to squint | oljumuşurğa deb turadıhe is about to squint | bizjumuşurğa deb turabızwe are about to squint | sizjumuşurğa deb turasızyou all are about to squint | alajumuşurğa deb turadılathey are about to squint |
| be about to | menjumuşurğa deb turmaymaI am not about to squint | senjumuşurğa deb turmaysayou are not about to squint | oljumuşurğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to squint | bizjumuşurğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to squint | sizjumuşurğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to squint | alajumuşurğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to squint |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjumuşurğa kerekmeI need to squint | senjumuşurğa kerekseyou need to squint | oljumuşurğa kerekdihe needs to squint | bizjumuşurğa kerekbizwe need to squint | sizjumuşurğa kereksizyou all need to squint | alajumuşurğa kerekdilethey need to squint |
| need to | menjumuşurğa kerek tülmeI do not need to squint | senjumuşurğa kerek tülseyou do not need to squint | oljumuşurğa kerek tüldühe does not need to squint | bizjumuşurğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to squint | sizjumuşurğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to squint | alajumuşurğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to squint |
| have to | menmenŋe jumuşurğa tüşediI have to squint | sensenŋe jumuşurğa tüşediyou have to squint | olaŋa jumuşurğa tüşedihe has to squint | bizbizge jumuşurğa tüşediwe have to squint | sizsizge jumuşurğa tüşediyou all have to squint | alaalağa jumuşurğa tüşedithey have to squint |
| have to | menmenŋe jumuşurğa tüşmeydiI do not have to squint | sensenŋe jumuşurğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to squint | olaŋa jumuşurğa tüşmeydihe does not have to squint | bizbizge jumuşurğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to squint | sizsizge jumuşurğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to squint | alaalağa jumuşurğa tüşmeydithey do not have to squint |
| be obliged to | menjumuşurğa borçlumaI am obliged to squint | senjumuşurğa borçlusayou are obliged to squint | oljumuşurğa borçluduhe is obliged to squint | bizjumuşurğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to squint | sizjumuşurğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to squint | alajumuşurğa borçludulathey are obliged to squint |
| be obliged to | menjumuşurğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to squint | senjumuşurğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to squint | oljumuşurğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to squint | bizjumuşurğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to squint | sizjumuşurğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to squint | alajumuşurğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to squint |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjumuşurğa madarım bardıI have a way to squint | senjumuşurğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to squint | oljumuşurğa madarı bardıhe has a way to squint | bizjumuşurğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to squint | sizjumuşurğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to squint | alajumuşurğa madarları bardıthey have a way to squint |
| have a way to | menjumuşurğa madarım joqduI have no way to squint | senjumuşurğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to squint | oljumuşurğa madarı joqduhe has no way to squint | bizjumuşurğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to squint | sizjumuşurğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to squint | alajumuşurğa madarları joqduthey have no way to squint |
| be free to | menjumuşurğa erkinligim bardıI am free to squint | senjumuşurğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to squint | oljumuşurğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to squint | bizjumuşurğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to squint | sizjumuşurğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to squint | alajumuşurğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to squint |
| be free to | menjumuşurğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to squint | senjumuşurğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to squint | oljumuşurğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to squint | bizjumuşurğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to squint | sizjumuşurğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to squint | alajumuşurğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to squint |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jumuşurğa bolluqduit is possible for me to squint | sensenŋe jumuşurğa bolluqduit is possible for you to squint | olaŋa jumuşurğa bolluqduit is possible for him to squint | bizbizge jumuşurğa bolluqduit is possible for us to squint | sizsizge jumuşurğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to squint | alaalağa jumuşurğa bolluqduit is possible for them to squint |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jumuşurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to squint | sensenŋe jumuşurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to squint | olaŋa jumuşurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to squint | bizbizge jumuşurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to squint | sizsizge jumuşurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to squint | alaalağa jumuşurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to squint |
| be ready to | menjumuşurğa hazırmaI am ready to squint | senjumuşurğa hazırsayou are ready to squint | oljumuşurğa hazırdıhe is ready to squint | bizjumuşurğa hazırbızwe are ready to squint | sizjumuşurğa hazırsızyou all are ready to squint | alajumuşurğa hazırdılathey are ready to squint |
| be ready to | menjumuşurğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to squint | senjumuşurğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to squint | oljumuşurğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to squint | bizjumuşurğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to squint | sizjumuşurğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to squint | alajumuşurğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to squint |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjumuşurğa küreşemeI am trying to squint | senjumuşurğa küreşeseyou are trying to squint | oljumuşurğa küreşedihe is trying to squint | bizjumuşurğa küreşebizwe are trying to squint | sizjumuşurğa küreşesizyou all are trying to squint | alajumuşurğa küreşedilethey are trying to squint |
| try to | menjumuşurğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to squint | senjumuşurğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to squint | oljumuşurğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to squint | bizjumuşurğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to squint | sizjumuşurğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to squint | alajumuşurğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to squint |
| agree to | menjumuşurğa unaymaI agree to squint | senjumuşurğa unaysayou agree to squint | oljumuşurğa unaydıhe agrees to squint | bizjumuşurğa unaybızwe agree to squint | sizjumuşurğa unaysızyou all agree to squint | alajumuşurğa unaydılathey agree to squint |
| agree to | menjumuşurğa unamaymaI refuse to squint | senjumuşurğa unamaysayou refuse to squint | oljumuşurğa unamaydıhe refuses to squint | bizjumuşurğa unamaybızwe refuse to squint | sizjumuşurğa unamaysızyou all refuse to squint | alajumuşurğa unamaydılathey refuse to squint |
| hurry to | menjumuşurğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to squint | senjumuşurğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to squint | oljumuşurğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to squint | bizjumuşurğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to squint | sizjumuşurğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to squint | alajumuşurğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to squint |
| hurry to | menjumuşurğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to squint | senjumuşurğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to squint | oljumuşurğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to squint | bizjumuşurğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to squint | sizjumuşurğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to squint | alajumuşurğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to squint |
| be afraid to | menjumuşurğa qorqamaI am afraid to squint | senjumuşurğa qorqasayou are afraid to squint | oljumuşurğa qorqadıhe is afraid to squint | bizjumuşurğa qorqabızwe are afraid to squint | sizjumuşurğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to squint | alajumuşurğa qorqadılathey are afraid to squint |
| be afraid to | menjumuşurğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to squint | senjumuşurğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to squint | oljumuşurğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to squint | bizjumuşurğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to squint | sizjumuşurğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to squint | alajumuşurğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to squint |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjumuşa bolmazmaI can't be squinting | senjumuşa bolmazsayou can't be squinting | oljumuşa bolmazhe can't be squinting | bizjumuşa bolmazbızwe can't be squinting | sizjumuşa bolmazsızyou all can't be squinting | alajumuşa bolmazlathey can't be squinting |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjumuşmay bolmazmaI must be squinting (emphatic) | senjumuşmay bolmazsayou must be squinting (emphatic) | oljumuşmay bolmazhe must be squinting (emphatic) | bizjumuşmay bolmazbızwe must be squinting (emphatic) | sizjumuşmay bolmazsızyou all must be squinting (emphatic) | alajumuşmay bolmazlathey must be squinting (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjumuşa turmasamif I don't keep squinting | senjumuşa turmasaŋif you don't keep squinting | oljumuşa turmasaif he doesn't keep squinting | bizjumuşa turmasaqif we don't keep squinting | sizjumuşa turmasağızif you all don't keep squinting | alajumuşa turmasalaif they don't keep squinting |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjumuşa tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of squinting | senjumuşa tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of squinting | oljumuşa tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of squinting | bizjumuşa tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of squinting | sizjumuşa tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of squinting | alajumuşa tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of squinting |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjumuşmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not squinting (emphatic) | senjumuşmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not squinting (emphatic) | oljumuşmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not squinting (emphatic) | bizjumuşmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not squinting (emphatic) | sizjumuşmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not squinting (emphatic) | alajumuşmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not squinting (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjumuşmay turamaI keep on not squinting | senjumuşmay turasayou keep on not squinting | oljumuşmay turadıhe keeps on not squinting | bizjumuşmay turabızwe keep on not squinting | sizjumuşmay turasızyou all keep on not squinting | alajumuşmay turadılathey keep on not squinting |
| Progressive — double negation | menjumuşmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not squinting | senjumuşmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not squinting | oljumuşmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not squinting | bizjumuşmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not squinting | sizjumuşmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not squinting | alajumuşmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not squinting |
| Progressive — double negation | menjumuşmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not squinting? | senjumuşmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not squinting? | oljumuşmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not squinting? | bizjumuşmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not squinting? | sizjumuşmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not squinting? | alajumuşmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not squinting? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjumuşhan bolmazmaI can't have squinted | senjumuşhan bolmazsayou can't have squinted | oljumuşhan bolmazhe can't have squinted | bizjumuşhan bolmazbızwe can't have squinted | sizjumuşhan bolmazsızyou all can't have squinted | alajumuşhan bolmazlathey can't have squinted |
| Inference — double negation | menjumuşmağan bolmazmaI must have squinted (emphatic) | senjumuşmağan bolmazsayou must have squinted (emphatic) | oljumuşmağan bolmazhe must have squinted (emphatic) | bizjumuşmağan bolmazbızwe must have squinted (emphatic) | sizjumuşmağan bolmazsızyou all must have squinted (emphatic) | alajumuşmağan bolmazlathey must have squinted (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjumuşhan bolmasamif it weren't that I had squinted | senjumuşhan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had squinted | oljumuşhan bolmasaif it weren't that he had squinted | bizjumuşhan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had squinted | sizjumuşhan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had squinted | alajumuşhan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had squinted |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjumuşmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't squinted | senjumuşmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't squinted | oljumuşmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't squinted | bizjumuşmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't squinted | sizjumuşmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't squinted | alajumuşmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't squinted |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjumuşuruq bolmazmaI can't be going to squint | senjumuşuruq bolmazsayou can't be going to squint | oljumuşuruq bolmazhe can't be going to squint | bizjumuşuruq bolmazbızwe can't be going to squint | sizjumuşuruq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to squint | alajumuşuruq bolmazlathey can't be going to squint |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjumuşmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to squint (emphatic) | senjumuşmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to squint (emphatic) | oljumuşmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to squint (emphatic) | bizjumuşmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to squint (emphatic) | sizjumuşmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to squint (emphatic) | alajumuşmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to squint (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjumuşuruq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to squint | senjumuşuruq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to squint | oljumuşuruq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to squint | bizjumuşuruq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to squint | sizjumuşuruq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to squint | alajumuşuruq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to squint |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjumuşmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to squint | senjumuşmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to squint | oljumuşmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to squint | bizjumuşmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to squint | sizjumuşmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to squint | alajumuşmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to squint |