jegerge
/dʒeɡerɡe/
1. harness, hitch up a horse
- atnı jegerge — to harness the horse
- atnı arbağa jegerge — to hitch the horse to the cart
- ol atın jekdi — he harnessed his horse
- atlanı arbağa jekdik — we harnessed the horses to the cart
2. oppress, exploit, yoke someone to work
- işge jegerge — to yoke someone to work
- jalçı jegerge — to exploit hired laborers
- birewnü jegerge — to exploit someone else
- bayla jarlılanı jegedile — the rich oppress the poor
3. conjugate a verb
- etimni jegerge — to conjugate the verb
- sabiyle etimleni jegedile — the children conjugate the verbs
- bu etimni jek — conjugate this verb
Expressions
- boyunsağa jegerge — subjugate someone
- tuz arbağa jegerge — work someone hard
Conjugation
Common forms
- jegedihe is harnessing
- jekdihe harnessed
- jekgendihe has harnessed
- jegerhe will harness
- jegerikdihe is going to harness
- jege edihe was harnessing
- jekseif he harnesses
- jek!harness!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjegemeI am harnessing | senjegeseyou are harnessing | oljegedihe is harnessing | bizjegebizwe are harnessing | sizjegesizyou all are harnessing | alajegedilethey are harnessing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjekmeymeI am not harnessing | senjekmeyseyou are not harnessing | oljekmeydihe is not harnessing | bizjekmeybizwe are not harnessing | sizjekmeysizyou all are not harnessing | alajekmeydilethey are not harnessing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjegememi? jegemime?am I harnessing? | senjegemise?are you harnessing? | oljegemidi?is he harnessing? | bizjegebizmi? jegemibiz?are we harnessing? | sizjegemisiz?are you all harnessing? | alajegemidile?are they harnessing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjekmeymemi? jekmeymime?aren't I harnessing? | senjekmeymise?aren't you harnessing? | oljekmeymidi?isn't he harnessing? | bizjekmeybizmi? jekmeymibiz?aren't we harnessing? | sizjekmeymisiz?aren't you all harnessing? | alajekmeymidile?aren't they harnessing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjegiwçenmeI usually harness | senjegiwçenseyou usually harness | oljegiwçendihe usually harnesses | bizjegiwçenbizwe usually harness | sizjegiwçensizyou all usually harness | alajegiwçendilethey usually harness |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjekmewçenmeI usually don't harness | senjekmewçenseyou usually don't harness | oljekmewçendihe usually doesn't harness | bizjekmewçenbizwe usually don't harness | sizjekmewçensizyou all usually don't harness | alajekmewçendilethey usually don't harness |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjegiwçenmemi? jegiwçenmime?do I usually harness? | senjegiwçenmise?do you usually harness? | oljegiwçenmidi?does he usually harness? | bizjegiwçenbizmi? jegiwçenmibiz?do we usually harness? | sizjegiwçenmisiz?do you all usually harness? | alajegiwçenmidile?do they usually harness? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjekmewçenmemi? jekmewçenmime?do I usually not harness? | senjekmewçenmise?do you usually not harness? | oljekmewçenmidi?does he usually not harness? | bizjekmewçenbizmi? jekmewçenmibiz?do we usually not harness? | sizjekmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not harness? | alajekmewçenmidile?do they usually not harness? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljegibdihe has harnessed and remains so | alajegibdilethey have harnessed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljegibmidi?has he harnessed? | alajegibmidile?have they harnessed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjegib turamaI keep harnessing | senjegib turasayou keep harnessing | oljegib turadıhe keeps harnessing | bizjegib turabızwe keep harnessing | sizjegib turasızyou all keep harnessing | alajegib turadılathey keep harnessing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjegib turmaymaI don't keep harnessing | senjegib turmaysayou don't keep harnessing | oljegib turmaydıhe doesn't keep harnessing | bizjegib turmaybızwe don't keep harnessing | sizjegib turmaysızyou all don't keep harnessing | alajegib turmaydılathey don't keep harnessing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjegib turamamı? jegib turamıma?do I keep harnessing? | senjegib turamısa?do you keep harnessing? | oljegib turamıdı?does he keep harnessing? | bizjegib turabızmı? jegib turamıbız?do we keep harnessing? | sizjegib turamısız?do you all keep harnessing? | alajegib turamıdıla?do they keep harnessing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjegib turmaymamı? jegib turmaymıma?don't I keep harnessing? | senjegib turmaymısa?don't you keep harnessing? | oljegib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep harnessing? | bizjegib turmaybızmı? jegib turmaymıbız?don't we keep harnessing? | sizjegib turmaymısız?don't you all keep harnessing? | alajegib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep harnessing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjege turamaI am in the middle of harnessing | senjege turasayou are in the middle of harnessing | oljege turadıhe is in the middle of harnessing | bizjege turabızwe are in the middle of harnessing | sizjege turasızyou all are in the middle of harnessing | alajege turadılathey are in the middle of harnessing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjege turmaymaI am not in the middle of harnessing | senjege turmaysayou are not in the middle of harnessing | oljege turmaydıhe is not in the middle of harnessing | bizjege turmaybızwe are not in the middle of harnessing | sizjege turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of harnessing | alajege turmaydılathey are not in the middle of harnessing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjege turamamı? jege turamıma?am I in the middle of harnessing? | senjege turamısa?are you in the middle of harnessing? | oljege turamıdı?is he in the middle of harnessing? | bizjege turabızmı? jege turamıbız?are we in the middle of harnessing? | sizjege turamısız?are you all in the middle of harnessing? | alajege turamıdıla?are they in the middle of harnessing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjege turmaymamı? jege turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of harnessing? | senjege turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of harnessing? | oljege turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of harnessing? | bizjege turmaybızmı? jege turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of harnessing? | sizjege turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of harnessing? | alajege turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of harnessing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjekdimI harnessed | senjekdiŋyou harnessed | oljekdihe harnessed | bizjekdikwe harnessed | sizjekdigizyou all harnessed | alajekdilethey harnessed |
| Simple past (definite) | menjekmedimI didn't harness | senjekmediŋyou didn't harness | oljekmedihe didn't harness | bizjekmedikwe didn't harness | sizjekmedigizyou all didn't harness | alajekmedilethey didn't harness |
| Simple past (definite) | menjekdimmi?did I harness? | senjekdiŋmi?did you harness? | oljekdimi?did he harness? | bizjekdikmi?did we harness? | sizjekdigizmi?did you all harness? | alajekdilemi?did they harness? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjekmedimmi?didn't I harness? | senjekmediŋmi?didn't you harness? | oljekmedimi?didn't he harness? | bizjekmedikmi?didn't we harness? | sizjekmedigizmi?didn't you all harness? | alajekmedilemi?didn't they harness? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjekgenmeI have harnessed | senjekgenseyou have harnessed | oljekgendihe has harnessed | bizjekgenbizwe have harnessed | sizjekgensizyou all have harnessed | alajekgendilethey have harnessed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjekmegenmeI haven't harnessed | senjekmegenseyou haven't harnessed | oljekmegendihe hasn't harnessed | bizjekmegenbizwe haven't harnessed | sizjekmegensizyou all haven't harnessed | alajekmegendilethey haven't harnessed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjekgenmemi? jekgenmime?have I harnessed? | senjekgenmise?have you harnessed? | oljekgenmidi?has he harnessed? | bizjekgenbizmi? jekgenmibiz?have we harnessed? | sizjekgenmisiz?have you all harnessed? | alajekgenmidile?have they harnessed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjekmegenmemi? jekmegenmime?haven't I harnessed? | senjekmegenmise?haven't you harnessed? | oljekmegenmidi?hasn't he harnessed? | bizjekmegenbizmi? jekmegenmibiz?haven't we harnessed? | sizjekmegenmisiz?haven't you all harnessed? | alajekmegenmidile?haven't they harnessed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjegib turdumI kept harnessing | senjegib turduŋyou kept harnessing | oljegib turduhe kept harnessing | bizjegib turduqwe kept harnessing | sizjegib turduğuzyou all kept harnessing | alajegib turdulathey kept harnessing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjegib turmadımI didn't keep harnessing | senjegib turmadıŋyou didn't keep harnessing | oljegib turmadıhe didn't keep harnessing | bizjegib turmadıqwe didn't keep harnessing | sizjegib turmadığızyou all didn't keep harnessing | alajegib turmadılathey didn't keep harnessing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjegermeI will harness | senjegerseyou will harness | oljegerhe will harness | bizjegerbizwe will harness | sizjegersizyou all will harness | alajegerlethey will harness |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjekmezmeI won't harness | senjekmezseyou won't harness | oljekmezhe won't harness | bizjekmezbizwe won't harness | sizjekmezsizyou all won't harness | alajekmezlethey won't harness |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjegermemi? jegermime?will I harness? | senjegermise?will you harness? | oljegermi?will he harness? | bizjegerbizmi? jegermibiz?will we harness? | sizjegermisiz?will you all harness? | alajegerlemi? jegermile?will they harness? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjekmezmemi? jekmezmime?won't I harness? | senjekmezmise?won't you harness? | oljekmezmi?won't he harness? | bizjekmezbizmi? jekmezmibiz?won't we harness? | sizjekmezmisiz?won't you all harness? | alajekmezlemi? jekmezmile?won't they harness? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjegerikmeI am going to harness | senjegerikseyou are going to harness | oljegerikdihe is going to harness | bizjegerikbizwe are going to harness | sizjegeriksizyou all are going to harness | alajegerikdilethey are going to harness |
| Definite future (future II) | menjegerik tülmeI am not going to harness | senjegerik tülseyou are not going to harness | oljegerik tüldühe is not going to harness | bizjegerik tülbüzwe are not going to harness | sizjegerik tülsüzyou all are not going to harness | alajegerik tüldülethey are not going to harness |
| Definite future (future II) | menjegerikmemi? jegerikmime?am I going to harness? | senjegerikmise?are you going to harness? | oljegerikmidi?is he going to harness? | bizjegerikbizmi? jegerikmibiz?are we going to harness? | sizjegerikmisiz?are you all going to harness? | alajegerikmidile?are they going to harness? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjegerik tülmüme?aren't I going to harness? | senjegerik tülmüse?aren't you going to harness? | oljegerik tülmüdü?isn't he going to harness? | bizjegerik tülmübüz?aren't we going to harness? | sizjegerik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to harness? | alajegerik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to harness? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjekgen edimjekgenemI had harnessed | senjekgen ediŋjekgeneŋyou had harnessed | oljekgen edijekgenedhe had harnessed | bizjekgen edikjekgenekwe had harnessed | sizjekgen edigizjekgenegizyou all had harnessed | alajekgen edilejekgenellethey had harnessed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjekmegen edimjekmegenemI hadn't harnessed | senjekmegen ediŋjekmegeneŋyou hadn't harnessed | oljekmegen edijekmegenedhe hadn't harnessed | bizjekmegen edikjekmegenekwe hadn't harnessed | sizjekmegen edigizjekmegenegizyou all hadn't harnessed | alajekmegen edilejekmegenellethey hadn't harnessed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjege edimjegemI was harnessing | senjege ediŋjegeŋyou were harnessing | oljege edijegedhe was harnessing | bizjege edikjegekwe were harnessing | sizjege edigizjegegizyou all were harnessing | alajege edilejegellethey were harnessing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjekmey edimjekmeyemI wasn't harnessing | senjekmey ediŋjekmeyeŋyou weren't harnessing | oljekmey edijekmeyedhe wasn't harnessing | bizjekmey edikjekmeyekwe weren't harnessing | sizjekmey edigizjekmeyegizyou all weren't harnessing | alajekmey edilejekmeyellethey weren't harnessing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjegiwçen edimjegiwçenemI used to harness | senjegiwçen ediŋjegiwçeneŋyou used to harness | oljegiwçen edijegiwçenedhe used to harness | bizjegiwçen edikjegiwçenekwe used to harness | sizjegiwçen edigizjegiwçenegizyou all used to harness | alajegiwçen edilejegiwçenellethey used to harness |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjekmewçen edimjekmewçenemI didn't use to harness | senjekmewçen ediŋjekmewçeneŋyou didn't use to harness | oljekmewçen edijekmewçenedhe didn't use to harness | bizjekmewçen edikjekmewçenekwe didn't use to harness | sizjekmewçen edigizjekmewçenegizyou all didn't use to harness | alajekmewçen edilejekmewçenellethey didn't use to harness |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljegib edihe had harnessed and remained so | alajegib edilethey had harnessed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljegib tül edihe hadn't harnessed | alajegib tül edilethey hadn't harnessed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjegib tura edimjegib turaemI had kept harnessing | senjegib tura ediŋjegib turaeŋyou had kept harnessing | oljegib tura edijegib turaedhe had kept harnessing | bizjegib tura edikjegib turaekwe had kept harnessing | sizjegib tura edigizjegib turaegizyou all had kept harnessing | alajegib tura edilejegib turaellethey had kept harnessing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjegib turmay edimjegib turmayemI hadn't kept harnessing | senjegib turmay ediŋjegib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept harnessing | oljegib turmay edijegib turmayedhe hadn't kept harnessing | bizjegib turmay edikjegib turmayekwe hadn't kept harnessing | sizjegib turmay edigizjegib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept harnessing | alajegib turmay edilejegib turmayellethey hadn't kept harnessing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjege tura edimjege turaemI was in the middle of harnessing | senjege tura ediŋjege turaeŋyou were in the middle of harnessing | oljege tura edijege turaedhe was in the middle of harnessing | bizjege tura edikjege turaekwe were in the middle of harnessing | sizjege tura edigizjege turaegizyou all were in the middle of harnessing | alajege tura edilejege turaellethey were in the middle of harnessing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjege turmay edimjege turmayemI wasn't in the middle of harnessing | senjege turmay ediŋjege turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of harnessing | oljege turmay edijege turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of harnessing | bizjege turmay edikjege turmayekwe weren't in the middle of harnessing | sizjege turmay edigizjege turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of harnessing | alajege turmay edilejege turmayellethey weren't in the middle of harnessing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjeger edimjeger emI would harness | senjeger ediŋjeger eŋyou would harness | oljeger edijeger edhe would harness | bizjeger edikjeger ekwe would harness | sizjeger edigizjeger egizyou all would harness | alajeger edilejeger ellethey would harness |
| Conditional result (would) | menjekmez edimjekmez emI wouldn't harness | senjekmez ediŋjekmez eŋyou wouldn't harness | oljekmez edijekmez edhe wouldn't harness | bizjekmez edikjekmez ekwe wouldn't harness | sizjekmez edigizjekmez egizyou all wouldn't harness | alajekmez edilejekmez ellethey wouldn't harness |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjegerik edimjegerik emI would have harnessed | senjegerik ediŋjegerik eŋyou would have harnessed | oljegerik edijegerik edhe would have harnessed | bizjegerik edikjegerik ekwe would have harnessed | sizjegerik edigizjegerik egizyou all would have harnessed | alajegerik edilejegerik ellethey would have harnessed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjegerik tül edimjegerik tül emI wouldn't have harnessed | senjegerik tül ediŋjegerik tül eŋyou wouldn't have harnessed | oljegerik tül edijegerik tül edhe wouldn't have harnessed | bizjegerik tül edikjegerik tül ekwe wouldn't have harnessed | sizjegerik tül edigizjegerik tül egizyou all wouldn't have harnessed | alajegerik tül edilejegerik tül ellethey wouldn't have harnessed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjeksemif I harness | senjekseŋif you harness | oljekseif he harnesses | bizjeksekif we harness | sizjeksegizif you all harness | alajekseleif they harness |
| Conditional | menjekmesemif I don't harness | senjekmeseŋif you don't harness | oljekmeseif he doesn't harness | bizjekmesekif we don't harness | sizjekmesegizif you all don't harness | alajekmeseleif they don't harness |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjege esemif I am harnessing | senjege eseŋif you are harnessing | oljege eseif he is harnessing | bizjege esekif we are harnessing | sizjege esegizif you all are harnessing | alajege eseleif they are harnessing |
| Conditional, present real | menjekmey esemif I am not harnessing | senjekmey eseŋif you are not harnessing | oljekmey eseif he is not harnessing | bizjekmey esekif we are not harnessing | sizjekmey esegizif you all are not harnessing | alajekmey eseleif they are not harnessing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjeksem edijeksem edif only I harnessed | senjekseŋ edijekseŋ edif only you harnessed | oljekse edijeksedif only he harnessed | bizjeksek edijeksek edif only we harnessed | sizjeksegiz edijeksegiz edif only you all harnessed | alajeksele edijekseledif only they harnessed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjekmesem edijekmesem edif only I didn't harness | senjekmeseŋ edijekmeseŋ edif only you didn't harness | oljekmese edijekmesedif only he didn't harness | bizjekmesek edijekmesek edif only we didn't harness | sizjekmesegiz edijekmesegiz edif only you all didn't harness | alajekmesele edijekmeseledif only they didn't harness |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjegib tursamif I carry on harnessing | senjegib tursaŋif you carry on harnessing | oljegib tursaif he carries on harnessing | bizjegib tursaqif we carry on harnessing | sizjegib tursağızif you all carry on harnessing | alajegib tursalaif they carry on harnessing |
| Durative conditional | menjegib turmasamif I don't carry on harnessing | senjegib turmasaŋif you don't carry on harnessing | oljegib turmasaif he doesn't carry on harnessing | bizjegib turmasaqif we don't carry on harnessing | sizjegib turmasağızif you all don't carry on harnessing | alajegib turmasalaif they don't carry on harnessing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjegib tura esemif I have kept harnessing | senjegib tura eseŋif you have kept harnessing | oljegib tura eseif he has kept harnessing | bizjegib tura esekif we have kept harnessing | sizjegib tura esegizif you all have kept harnessing | alajegib tura eseleif they have kept harnessing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjegib turmay esemif I haven't kept harnessing | senjegib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept harnessing | oljegib turmay eseif he hasn't kept harnessing | bizjegib turmay esekif we haven't kept harnessing | sizjegib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept harnessing | alajegib turmay eseleif they haven't kept harnessing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjege tursamif I keep harnessing | senjege tursaŋif you keep harnessing | oljege tursaif he keeps harnessing | bizjege tursaqif we keep harnessing | sizjege tursağızif you all keep harnessing | alajege tursalaif they keep harnessing |
| Progressive conditional | menjekmey tursamif I keep on not harnessing | senjekmey tursaŋif you keep on not harnessing | oljekmey tursaif he keeps on not harnessing | bizjekmey tursaqif we keep on not harnessing | sizjekmey tursağızif you all keep on not harnessing | alajekmey tursalaif they keep on not harnessing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjege tura esemif I am in the middle of harnessing | senjege tura eseŋif you are in the middle of harnessing | oljege tura eseif he is in the middle of harnessing | bizjege tura esekif we are in the middle of harnessing | sizjege tura esegizif you all are in the middle of harnessing | alajege tura eseleif they are in the middle of harnessing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjekmey tura esemif I keep on not harnessing | senjekmey tura eseŋif you keep on not harnessing | oljekmey tura eseif he keeps on not harnessing | bizjekmey tura esekif we keep on not harnessing | sizjekmey tura esegizif you all keep on not harnessing | alajekmey tura eseleif they keep on not harnessing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjekdim esemif I harnessed | senjekdiŋ eseŋif you harnessed | oljekdi eseif he harnessed | bizjekdik esekif we harnessed | sizjekdigiz esegizif you all harnessed | alajekdile eseleif they harnessed |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjekmedim esemif I didn't harness | senjekmediŋ eseŋif you didn't harness | oljekmedi eseif he didn't harness | bizjekmedik esekif we didn't harness | sizjekmedigiz esegizif you all didn't harness | alajekmedile eseleif they didn't harness |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjekgen esemif I did harness (indeed) | senjekgen eseŋif you did harness (indeed) | oljekgen eseif he did harness (indeed) | bizjekgen esekif we did harness (indeed) | sizjekgen esegizif you all did harness (indeed) | alajekgen eseleif they did harness (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjekmegen esemif I didn't harness (indeed) | senjekmegen eseŋif you didn't harness (indeed) | oljekmegen eseif he didn't harness (indeed) | bizjekmegen esekif we didn't harness (indeed) | sizjekmegen esegizif you all didn't harness (indeed) | alajekmegen eseleif they didn't harness (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjekgen bolsamif I had harnessed | senjekgen bolsaŋif you had harnessed | oljekgen bolsaif he had harnessed | bizjekgen bolsaqif we had harnessed | sizjekgen bolsağızif you all had harnessed | alajekgen bolsalaif they had harnessed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjekmegen bolsamif I hadn't harnessed | senjekmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't harnessed | oljekmegen bolsaif he hadn't harnessed | bizjekmegen bolsaqif we hadn't harnessed | sizjekmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't harnessed | alajekmegen bolsalaif they hadn't harnessed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjekgen bolsam edijekgen bolsam edif only I had harnessed | senjekgen bolsaŋ edijekgen bolsaŋ edif only you had harnessed | oljekgen bolsa edijekgen bolsaedif only he had harnessed | bizjekgen bolsaq edijekgen bolsaq edif only we had harnessed | sizjekgen bolsağız edijekgen bolsağız edif only you all had harnessed | alajekgen bolsala edijekgen bolsalaedif only they had harnessed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjekmegen bolsam edijekmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't harnessed | senjekmegen bolsaŋ edijekmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't harnessed | oljekmegen bolsa edijekmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't harnessed | bizjekmegen bolsaq edijekmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't harnessed | sizjekmegen bolsağız edijekmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't harnessed | alajekmegen bolsala edijekmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't harnessed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjeger esemif I will harness | senjeger eseŋif you will harness | oljeger eseif he will harness | bizjeger esekif we will harness | sizjeger esegizif you all will harness | alajeger eseleif they will harness |
| Conditional, aorist | menjekmez esemif I won't harness | senjekmez eseŋif you won't harness | oljekmez eseif he won't harness | bizjekmez esekif we won't harness | sizjekmez esegizif you all won't harness | alajekmez eseleif they won't harness |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjegerik esemif I am going to harness | senjegerik eseŋif you are going to harness | oljegerik eseif he is going to harness | bizjegerik esekif we are going to harness | sizjegerik esegizif you all are going to harness | alajegerik eseleif they are going to harness |
| Conditional, future | menjegerik tül esemif I am not going to harness | senjegerik tül eseŋif you are not going to harness | oljegerik tül eseif he is not going to harness | bizjegerik tül esekif we are not going to harness | sizjegerik tül esegizif you all are not going to harness | alajegerik tül eseleif they are not going to harness |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjegerik bolsamif I were going to harness | senjegerik bolsaŋif you were going to harness | oljegerik bolsaif he were going to harness | bizjegerik bolsaqif we were going to harness | sizjegerik bolsağızif you all were going to harness | alajegerik bolsalaif they were going to harness |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjekmezlik bolsamif I were not going to harness | senjekmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to harness | oljekmezlik bolsaif he were not going to harness | bizjekmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to harness | sizjekmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to harness | alajekmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to harness |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jekdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjege bolurmaI must be harnessing | senjege bolursayou must be harnessing | oljege bolurhe must be harnessing | bizjege bolurbuzwe must be harnessing | sizjege bolursuzyou all must be harnessing | alajege bolurlathey must be harnessing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjekmey bolurmaI must not be harnessing | senjekmey bolursayou must not be harnessing | oljekmey bolurhe must not be harnessing | bizjekmey bolurbuzwe must not be harnessing | sizjekmey bolursuzyou all must not be harnessing | alajekmey bolurlathey must not be harnessing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjege tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of harnessing | senjege tura bolursayou must be in the middle of harnessing | oljege tura bolurhe must be in the middle of harnessing | bizjege tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of harnessing | sizjege tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of harnessing | alajege tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of harnessing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjekmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not harnessing | senjekmey tura bolursayou must keep on not harnessing | oljekmey tura bolurhe must keep on not harnessing | bizjekmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not harnessing | sizjekmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not harnessing | alajekmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not harnessing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjekgen bolurmaI must have harnessed | senjekgen bolursayou must have harnessed | oljekgen bolurhe must have harnessed | bizjekgen bolurbuzwe must have harnessed | sizjekgen bolursuzyou all must have harnessed | alajekgen bolurlathey must have harnessed |
| Inference (must have) | menjekmegen bolurmaI must not have harnessed | senjekmegen bolursayou must not have harnessed | oljekmegen bolurhe must not have harnessed | bizjekmegen bolurbuzwe must not have harnessed | sizjekmegen bolursuzyou all must not have harnessed | alajekmegen bolurlathey must not have harnessed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjegerik bolurmaI must be going to harness | senjegerik bolursayou must be going to harness | oljegerik bolurhe must be going to harness | bizjegerik bolurbuzwe must be going to harness | sizjegerik bolursuzyou all must be going to harness | alajegerik bolurlathey must be going to harness |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjekmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to harness | senjekmezlik bolursayou must not be going to harness | oljekmezlik bolurhe must not be going to harness | bizjekmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to harness | sizjekmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to harness | alajekmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to harness |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjegeyimlet me harness | senjek!harness! | oljeksinlet him harness | bizjegeyiklet's harness | sizjegigiz!harness, you all! | alajeksinlelet them harness |
| Commands & suggestions | menjekmeyimlet me not harness | senjekme!don't harness! | oljekmesinlet him not harness | bizjekmeyiklet's not harness | sizjekmegiz!don't harness, you all! | alajekmesinlelet them not harness |
| Commands & suggestions | menjegeyimmi?shall I harness? | oljeksinmi?should he harness? | bizjegeyikmi?shall we harness? | alajeksinlemi?should they harness? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjekmeyimmi?shall I not harness? | oljekmesinmi?should he not harness? | bizjekmeyikmi?shall we not harness? | alajekmesinlemi?should they not harness? | ||
| Requests | senjekçi2jekçinplease harness | oljeksinçido let him harness | sizjekçigizplease harness (plural/polite) | alajeksinleçido let them harness | ||
| Requests | senjekmeçi2jekmeçinplease don't harness | oljekmesinçido let him not harness | sizjekmeçigizplease don't harness (plural/polite) | alajekmesinleçido let them not harness | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjekginjekgimay you harness | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjekmeginjekmegimay you not harness | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjekgey edim jekge edimwould that I harnessed | senjekgey ediŋ jekge ediŋwould that you harnessed | oljekgey edi jekge ediwould that he harnessed | bizjekgey edik jekge edikwould that we harnessed | sizjekgey edigiz jekge edigizwould that you all harnessed | alajekgey edile jekge edilewould that they harnessed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjekmegey edim jekmege edimwould that I did not harness | senjekmegey ediŋ jekmege ediŋwould that you did not harness | oljekmegey edi jekmege ediwould that he did not harness | bizjekmegey edik jekmege edikwould that we did not harness | sizjekmegey edigiz jekmege edigizwould that you all did not harness | alajekmegey edile jekmege edilewould that they did not harness |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjekmege qoyayımjekme qoyayımlet me allow someone to harness | senjekmege qoy!jekme qoy!let someone harness! | oljekmege qoysunjekme qoysunlet him allow someone to harness | bizjekmege qoyayıqjekme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to harness | sizjekmege qoyuğuz!jekme qoyuğuz!let someone harness, you all! | alajekmege qoysunlajekme qoysunlalet them allow someone to harness |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjekmege qoymayımjekme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to harness | senjekmege qoyma!jekme qoyma!don't let someone harness! | oljekmege qoymasınjekme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to harness | bizjekmege qoymayıqjekme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to harness | sizjekmege qoymağız!jekme qoymağız!don't let someone harness, you all! | alajekmege qoymasınlajekme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to harness |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjekmege qoyayımmı?jekme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to harness? | oljekmege qoysunmu?jekme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to harness? | bizjekmege qoyayıqmı?jekme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to harness? | alajekmege qoysunlamı?jekme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to harness? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjekmege qoymayımmı?jekme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to harness? | oljekmege qoymasınmı?jekme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to harness? | bizjekmege qoymayıqmı?jekme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to harness? | alajekmege qoymasınlamı?jekme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to harness? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjekmege qoyamajekme qoyamaI allow someone to harness | senjekmege qoyasajekme qoyasayou allow someone to harness | oljekmege qoyadıjekme qoyadıhe allows someone to harness | bizjekmege qoyabızjekme qoyabızwe allow someone to harness | sizjekmege qoyasızjekme qoyasızyou all allow someone to harness | alajekmege qoyadılajekme qoyadılathey allow someone to harness |
| Let someone… (present) | menjekmege qoymaymajekme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to harness | senjekmege qoymaysajekme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to harness | oljekmege qoymaydıjekme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to harness | bizjekmege qoymaybızjekme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to harness | sizjekmege qoymaysızjekme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to harness | alajekmege qoymaydılajekme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to harness |
| Let someone… (present) | menjekmege qoyamamı?jekme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to harness? | senjekmege qoyamısa?jekme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to harness? | oljekmege qoyamıdı?jekme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to harness? | bizjekmege qoyabızmı?jekme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to harness? | sizjekmege qoyamısız?jekme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to harness? | alajekmege qoyamıdıla?jekme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to harness? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjekmege qoymaymamı?jekme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to harness? | senjekmege qoymaymısa?jekme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to harness? | oljekmege qoymaymıdı?jekme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to harness? | bizjekmege qoymaybızmı?jekme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to harness? | sizjekmege qoymaymısız?jekme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to harness? | alajekmege qoymaymıdıla?jekme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to harness? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjekmege qoydumjekme qoydumI allowed someone to harness | senjekmege qoyduŋjekme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to harness | oljekmege qoydujekme qoyduhe allowed someone to harness | bizjekmege qoyduqjekme qoyduqwe allowed someone to harness | sizjekmege qoyduğuzjekme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to harness | alajekmege qoydulajekme qoydulathey allowed someone to harness |
| Let someone… (past) | menjekmege qoymadımjekme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to harness | senjekmege qoymadıŋjekme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to harness | oljekmege qoymadıjekme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to harness | bizjekmege qoymadıqjekme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to harness | sizjekmege qoymadığızjekme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to harness | alajekmege qoymadılajekme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to harness |
| Let someone… (past) | menjekmege qoydummu?jekme qoydummu?did I allow someone to harness? | senjekmege qoyduŋmu?jekme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to harness? | oljekmege qoydumu?jekme qoydumu?did he allow someone to harness? | bizjekmege qoyduqmu?jekme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to harness? | sizjekmege qoyduğuzmu?jekme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to harness? | alajekmege qoydulamı?jekme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to harness? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjekmege qoymadımmı?jekme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to harness? | senjekmege qoymadıŋmı?jekme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to harness? | oljekmege qoymadımı?jekme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to harness? | bizjekmege qoymadıqmı?jekme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to harness? | sizjekmege qoymadığızmı?jekme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to harness? | alajekmege qoymadılamı?jekme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to harness? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjegalamaI can harness | senjegalasayou can harness | oljegaladıhe can harness | bizjegalabızwe can harness | sizjegalasızyou all can harness | alajegaladılathey can harness |
| Ability — present | menjegalmaymaI can't harness | senjegalmaysayou can't harness | oljegalmaydıhe can't harness | bizjegalmaybızwe can't harness | sizjegalmaysızyou all can't harness | alajegalmaydılathey can't harness |
| Ability — present | menjegalamamı? jegalamıma?can I harness? | senjegalamısa?can you harness? | oljegalamıdı?can he harness? | bizjegalabızmı? jegalamıbız?can we harness? | sizjegalamısız?can you all harness? | alajegalamıdıla?can they harness? |
| Ability — present | menjegalmaymamı? jegalmaymıma?can't I harness? | senjegalmaymısa?can't you harness? | oljegalmaymıdı?can't he harness? | bizjegalmaybızmı? jegalmaymıbız?can't we harness? | sizjegalmaymısız?can't you all harness? | alajegalmaymıdıla?can't they harness? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjegalsamif I can harness | senjegalsaŋif you can harness | oljegalsaif he can harness | bizjegalsaqif we can harness | sizjegalsağızif you all can harness | alajegalsalaif they can harness |
| Ability — if I can… | menjegalmasamif I can't harness | senjegalmasaŋif you can't harness | oljegalmasaif he can't harness | bizjegalmasaqif we can't harness | sizjegalmasağızif you all can't harness | alajegalmasalaif they can't harness |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjegaldımI was able to harness | senjegaldıŋyou were able to harness | oljegaldıhe was able to harness | bizjegaldıqwe were able to harness | sizjegaldığızyou all were able to harness | alajegaldılathey were able to harness |
| Ability — simple past | menjegalmadımI could not harness | senjegalmadıŋyou could not harness | oljegalmadıhe could not harness | bizjegalmadıqwe could not harness | sizjegalmadığızyou all could not harness | alajegalmadılathey could not harness |
| Ability — simple past | menjegaldımmı?was I able to harness? | senjegaldıŋmı?were you able to harness? | oljegaldımı?was he able to harness? | bizjegaldıqmı?were we able to harness? | sizjegaldığızmı?were you all able to harness? | alajegaldılamı?were they able to harness? |
| Ability — simple past | menjegalmadımmı?couldn't I harness? | senjegalmadıŋmı?couldn't you harness? | oljegalmadımı?couldn't he harness? | bizjegalmadıqmı?couldn't we harness? | sizjegalmadığızmı?couldn't you all harness? | alajegalmadılamı?couldn't they harness? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjegalğanmaI have been able to harness | senjegalğansayou have been able to harness | oljegalğandıhe has been able to harness | bizjegalğanbızwe have been able to harness | sizjegalğansızyou all have been able to harness | alajegalğandılathey have been able to harness |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjegalmağanmaI haven't been able to harness | senjegalmağansayou haven't been able to harness | oljegalmağandıhe hasn't been able to harness | bizjegalmağanbızwe haven't been able to harness | sizjegalmağansızyou all haven't been able to harness | alajegalmağandılathey haven't been able to harness |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjegalğanmamı? jegalğanmıma?have I been able to harness? | senjegalğanmısa?have you been able to harness? | oljegalğanmıdı?has he been able to harness? | bizjegalğanbızmı? jegalğanmıbız?have we been able to harness? | sizjegalğanmısız?have you all been able to harness? | alajegalğanmıdıla?have they been able to harness? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjegalmağanmamı? jegalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to harness? | senjegalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to harness? | oljegalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to harness? | bizjegalmağanbızmı? jegalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to harness? | sizjegalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to harness? | alajegalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to harness? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjegalğan edimjegalğanemI had been able to harness | senjegalğan ediŋjegalğaneŋyou had been able to harness | oljegalğan edijegalğanedhe had been able to harness | bizjegalğan edikjegalğanekwe had been able to harness | sizjegalğan edigizjegalğanegizyou all had been able to harness | alajegalğan edilejegalğanellethey had been able to harness |
| Ability — past perfect | menjegalmağan edimjegalmağanemI hadn't been able to harness | senjegalmağan ediŋjegalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to harness | oljegalmağan edijegalmağanedhe hadn't been able to harness | bizjegalmağan edikjegalmağanekwe hadn't been able to harness | sizjegalmağan edigizjegalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to harness | alajegalmağan edilejegalmağanellethey hadn't been able to harness |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjegala edimjegalaemI could harness | senjegala ediŋjegalaeŋyou could harness | oljegala edijegalaedhe could harness | bizjegala edikjegalaekwe could harness | sizjegala edigizjegalaegizyou all could harness | alajegala edilejegalaellethey could harness |
| Ability — past background | menjegalmay edimjegalmayemI could not harness | senjegalmay ediŋjegalmayeŋyou could not harness | oljegalmay edijegalmayedhe could not harness | bizjegalmay edikjegalmayekwe could not harness | sizjegalmay edigizjegalmayegizyou all could not harness | alajegalmay edilejegalmayellethey could not harness |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjegalırmaI will be able to harness | senjegalırsayou will be able to harness | oljegalırhe will be able to harness | bizjegalırbızwe will be able to harness | sizjegalırsızyou all will be able to harness | alajegalırlathey will be able to harness |
| Ability — future I | menjegalmazmaI won't be able to harness | senjegalmazsayou won't be able to harness | oljegalmazhe won't be able to harness | bizjegalmazbızwe won't be able to harness | sizjegalmazsızyou all won't be able to harness | alajegalmazlathey won't be able to harness |
| Ability — future I | menjegalırmamı? jegalırmıma?will I be able to harness? | senjegalırmısa?will you be able to harness? | oljegalırmı?will he be able to harness? | bizjegalırbızmı? jegalırmıbız?will we be able to harness? | sizjegalırmısız?will you all be able to harness? | alajegalırlamı? jegalırmıla?will they be able to harness? |
| Ability — future I | menjegalmazmamı? jegalmazmıma?won't I be able to harness? | senjegalmazmısa?won't you be able to harness? | oljegalmazmı?won't he be able to harness? | bizjegalmazbızmı? jegalmazmıbız?won't we be able to harness? | sizjegalmazmısız?won't you all be able to harness? | alajegalmazlamı? jegalmazmıla?won't they be able to harness? |
| Ability — future II | menjegallıqmaI am going to be able to harness | senjegallıqsayou are going to be able to harness | oljegallıqdıhe is going to be able to harness | bizjegallıqbızwe are going to be able to harness | sizjegallıqsızyou all are going to be able to harness | alajegallıqdılathey are going to be able to harness |
| Ability — future II | menjegallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to harness | senjegallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to harness | oljegallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to harness | bizjegallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to harness | sizjegallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to harness | alajegallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to harness |
| Ability — future II | menjegallıqmamı? jegallıqmıma?am I going to be able to harness? | senjegallıqmısa?are you going to be able to harness? | oljegallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to harness? | bizjegallıqbızmı? jegallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to harness? | sizjegallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to harness? | alajegallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to harness? |
| Ability — future II | menjegallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to harness? | senjegallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to harness? | oljegallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to harness? | bizjegallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to harness? | sizjegallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to harness? | alajegallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to harness? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjegalır edimjegalır emI would be able to harness | senjegalır ediŋjegalır eŋyou would be able to harness | oljegalır edijegalır edhe would be able to harness | bizjegalır edikjegalır ekwe would be able to harness | sizjegalır edigizjegalır egizyou all would be able to harness | alajegalır edilejegalır ellethey would be able to harness |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjegalmaz edimjegalmaz emI wouldn't be able to harness | senjegalmaz ediŋjegalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to harness | oljegalmaz edijegalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to harness | bizjegalmaz edikjegalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to harness | sizjegalmaz edigizjegalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to harness | alajegalmaz edilejegalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to harness |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjegalğınjegalğımay you be able to harness | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjegalmağınjegalmağımay you not be able to harness | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjegerge izleymeI want to harness | senjegerge izleyseyou want to harness | oljegerge izleydihe wants to harness | bizjegerge izleybizwe want to harness | sizjegerge izleysizyou all want to harness | alajegerge izleydilethey want to harness |
| want to | menjegerge izlemeymeI do not want to harness | senjegerge izlemeyseyou do not want to harness | oljegerge izlemeydihe does not want to harness | bizjegerge izlemeybizwe do not want to harness | sizjegerge izlemeysizyou all do not want to harness | alajegerge izlemeydilethey do not want to harness |
| would like to | menjegerge süemeI would like to harness | senjegerge süeseyou would like to harness | oljegerge süedihe would like to harness | bizjegerge süebizwe would like to harness | sizjegerge süesizyou all would like to harness | alajegerge süedilethey would like to harness |
| would like to | menjegerge süymeymeI would not like to harness | senjegerge süymeyseyou would not like to harness | oljegerge süymeydihe would not like to harness | bizjegerge süymeybizwe would not like to harness | sizjegerge süymeysizyou all would not like to harness | alajegerge süymeydilethey would not like to harness |
| hope to | menjegerge umutlanamaI hope to harness | senjegerge umutlanasayou hope to harness | oljegerge umutlanadıhe hopes to harness | bizjegerge umutlanabızwe hope to harness | sizjegerge umutlanasızyou all hope to harness | alajegerge umutlanadılathey hope to harness |
| hope to | menjegerge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to harness | senjegerge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to harness | oljegerge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to harness | bizjegerge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to harness | sizjegerge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to harness | alajegerge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to harness |
| be about to | menjegerge deb turamaI am about to harness | senjegerge deb turasayou are about to harness | oljegerge deb turadıhe is about to harness | bizjegerge deb turabızwe are about to harness | sizjegerge deb turasızyou all are about to harness | alajegerge deb turadılathey are about to harness |
| be about to | menjegerge deb turmaymaI am not about to harness | senjegerge deb turmaysayou are not about to harness | oljegerge deb turmaydıhe is not about to harness | bizjegerge deb turmaybızwe are not about to harness | sizjegerge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to harness | alajegerge deb turmaydılathey are not about to harness |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjegerge kerekmeI need to harness | senjegerge kerekseyou need to harness | oljegerge kerekdihe needs to harness | bizjegerge kerekbizwe need to harness | sizjegerge kereksizyou all need to harness | alajegerge kerekdilethey need to harness |
| need to | menjegerge kerek tülmeI do not need to harness | senjegerge kerek tülseyou do not need to harness | oljegerge kerek tüldühe does not need to harness | bizjegerge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to harness | sizjegerge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to harness | alajegerge kerek tüldülethey do not need to harness |
| have to | menmenŋe jegerge tüşediI have to harness | sensenŋe jegerge tüşediyou have to harness | olaŋa jegerge tüşedihe has to harness | bizbizge jegerge tüşediwe have to harness | sizsizge jegerge tüşediyou all have to harness | alaalağa jegerge tüşedithey have to harness |
| have to | menmenŋe jegerge tüşmeydiI do not have to harness | sensenŋe jegerge tüşmeydiyou do not have to harness | olaŋa jegerge tüşmeydihe does not have to harness | bizbizge jegerge tüşmeydiwe do not have to harness | sizsizge jegerge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to harness | alaalağa jegerge tüşmeydithey do not have to harness |
| be obliged to | menjegerge borçlumaI am obliged to harness | senjegerge borçlusayou are obliged to harness | oljegerge borçluduhe is obliged to harness | bizjegerge borçlubuzwe are obliged to harness | sizjegerge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to harness | alajegerge borçludulathey are obliged to harness |
| be obliged to | menjegerge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to harness | senjegerge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to harness | oljegerge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to harness | bizjegerge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to harness | sizjegerge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to harness | alajegerge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to harness |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjegerge madarım bardıI have a way to harness | senjegerge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to harness | oljegerge madarı bardıhe has a way to harness | bizjegerge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to harness | sizjegerge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to harness | alajegerge madarları bardıthey have a way to harness |
| have a way to | menjegerge madarım joqduI have no way to harness | senjegerge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to harness | oljegerge madarı joqduhe has no way to harness | bizjegerge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to harness | sizjegerge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to harness | alajegerge madarları joqduthey have no way to harness |
| be free to | menjegerge erkinligim bardıI am free to harness | senjegerge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to harness | oljegerge erkinligi bardıhe is free to harness | bizjegerge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to harness | sizjegerge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to harness | alajegerge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to harness |
| be free to | menjegerge erkinligim joqduI am not free to harness | senjegerge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to harness | oljegerge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to harness | bizjegerge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to harness | sizjegerge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to harness | alajegerge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to harness |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jegerge bolluqduit is possible for me to harness | sensenŋe jegerge bolluqduit is possible for you to harness | olaŋa jegerge bolluqduit is possible for him to harness | bizbizge jegerge bolluqduit is possible for us to harness | sizsizge jegerge bolluqduit is possible for you all to harness | alaalağa jegerge bolluqduit is possible for them to harness |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jegerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to harness | sensenŋe jegerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to harness | olaŋa jegerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to harness | bizbizge jegerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to harness | sizsizge jegerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to harness | alaalağa jegerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to harness |
| be ready to | menjegerge hazırmaI am ready to harness | senjegerge hazırsayou are ready to harness | oljegerge hazırdıhe is ready to harness | bizjegerge hazırbızwe are ready to harness | sizjegerge hazırsızyou all are ready to harness | alajegerge hazırdılathey are ready to harness |
| be ready to | menjegerge hazır tülmeI am not ready to harness | senjegerge hazır tülseyou are not ready to harness | oljegerge hazır tüldühe is not ready to harness | bizjegerge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to harness | sizjegerge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to harness | alajegerge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to harness |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjegerge küreşemeI am trying to harness | senjegerge küreşeseyou are trying to harness | oljegerge küreşedihe is trying to harness | bizjegerge küreşebizwe are trying to harness | sizjegerge küreşesizyou all are trying to harness | alajegerge küreşedilethey are trying to harness |
| try to | menjegerge küreşmeymeI am not trying to harness | senjegerge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to harness | oljegerge küreşmeydihe is not trying to harness | bizjegerge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to harness | sizjegerge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to harness | alajegerge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to harness |
| agree to | menjegerge unaymaI agree to harness | senjegerge unaysayou agree to harness | oljegerge unaydıhe agrees to harness | bizjegerge unaybızwe agree to harness | sizjegerge unaysızyou all agree to harness | alajegerge unaydılathey agree to harness |
| agree to | menjegerge unamaymaI refuse to harness | senjegerge unamaysayou refuse to harness | oljegerge unamaydıhe refuses to harness | bizjegerge unamaybızwe refuse to harness | sizjegerge unamaysızyou all refuse to harness | alajegerge unamaydılathey refuse to harness |
| hurry to | menjegerge aşığamaI am in a hurry to harness | senjegerge aşığasayou are in a hurry to harness | oljegerge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to harness | bizjegerge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to harness | sizjegerge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to harness | alajegerge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to harness |
| hurry to | menjegerge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to harness | senjegerge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to harness | oljegerge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to harness | bizjegerge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to harness | sizjegerge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to harness | alajegerge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to harness |
| be afraid to | menjegerge qorqamaI am afraid to harness | senjegerge qorqasayou are afraid to harness | oljegerge qorqadıhe is afraid to harness | bizjegerge qorqabızwe are afraid to harness | sizjegerge qorqasızyou all are afraid to harness | alajegerge qorqadılathey are afraid to harness |
| be afraid to | menjegerge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to harness | senjegerge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to harness | oljegerge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to harness | bizjegerge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to harness | sizjegerge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to harness | alajegerge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to harness |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjege bolmazmaI can't be harnessing | senjege bolmazsayou can't be harnessing | oljege bolmazhe can't be harnessing | bizjege bolmazbızwe can't be harnessing | sizjege bolmazsızyou all can't be harnessing | alajege bolmazlathey can't be harnessing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjekmey bolmazmaI must be harnessing (emphatic) | senjekmey bolmazsayou must be harnessing (emphatic) | oljekmey bolmazhe must be harnessing (emphatic) | bizjekmey bolmazbızwe must be harnessing (emphatic) | sizjekmey bolmazsızyou all must be harnessing (emphatic) | alajekmey bolmazlathey must be harnessing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjege turmasamif I don't keep harnessing | senjege turmasaŋif you don't keep harnessing | oljege turmasaif he doesn't keep harnessing | bizjege turmasaqif we don't keep harnessing | sizjege turmasağızif you all don't keep harnessing | alajege turmasalaif they don't keep harnessing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjege tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of harnessing | senjege tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of harnessing | oljege tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of harnessing | bizjege tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of harnessing | sizjege tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of harnessing | alajege tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of harnessing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjekmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not harnessing (emphatic) | senjekmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not harnessing (emphatic) | oljekmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not harnessing (emphatic) | bizjekmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not harnessing (emphatic) | sizjekmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not harnessing (emphatic) | alajekmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not harnessing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjekmey turamaI keep on not harnessing | senjekmey turasayou keep on not harnessing | oljekmey turadıhe keeps on not harnessing | bizjekmey turabızwe keep on not harnessing | sizjekmey turasızyou all keep on not harnessing | alajekmey turadılathey keep on not harnessing |
| Progressive — double negation | menjekmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not harnessing | senjekmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not harnessing | oljekmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not harnessing | bizjekmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not harnessing | sizjekmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not harnessing | alajekmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not harnessing |
| Progressive — double negation | menjekmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not harnessing? | senjekmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not harnessing? | oljekmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not harnessing? | bizjekmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not harnessing? | sizjekmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not harnessing? | alajekmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not harnessing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjekgen bolmazmaI can't have harnessed | senjekgen bolmazsayou can't have harnessed | oljekgen bolmazhe can't have harnessed | bizjekgen bolmazbızwe can't have harnessed | sizjekgen bolmazsızyou all can't have harnessed | alajekgen bolmazlathey can't have harnessed |
| Inference — double negation | menjekmegen bolmazmaI must have harnessed (emphatic) | senjekmegen bolmazsayou must have harnessed (emphatic) | oljekmegen bolmazhe must have harnessed (emphatic) | bizjekmegen bolmazbızwe must have harnessed (emphatic) | sizjekmegen bolmazsızyou all must have harnessed (emphatic) | alajekmegen bolmazlathey must have harnessed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjekgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had harnessed | senjekgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had harnessed | oljekgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had harnessed | bizjekgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had harnessed | sizjekgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had harnessed | alajekgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had harnessed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjekmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't harnessed | senjekmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't harnessed | oljekmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't harnessed | bizjekmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't harnessed | sizjekmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't harnessed | alajekmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't harnessed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjegerik bolmazmaI can't be going to harness | senjegerik bolmazsayou can't be going to harness | oljegerik bolmazhe can't be going to harness | bizjegerik bolmazbızwe can't be going to harness | sizjegerik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to harness | alajegerik bolmazlathey can't be going to harness |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjekmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to harness (emphatic) | senjekmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to harness (emphatic) | oljekmezlik bolmazhe must be going to harness (emphatic) | bizjekmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to harness (emphatic) | sizjekmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to harness (emphatic) | alajekmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to harness (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjegerik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to harness | senjegerik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to harness | oljegerik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to harness | bizjegerik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to harness | sizjegerik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to harness | alajegerik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to harness |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjekmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to harness | senjekmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to harness | oljekmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to harness | bizjekmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to harness | sizjekmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to harness | alajekmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to harness |